,,ii  #aaf? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #dadb  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,july #a1 #bjbj,ms4    
,w>r5 7= ,mr4 ,m>key 7= himself1 ,mr4   
,s&]s1 & ,ms4 ,w>r577 introduc$ ! foll[+
 bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to !   
,committee on ! ,judici>y  ,a ,,bill    
,to am5d ! ,revis$ ,/atutes to remove ! 
def5se ( qualifi$ immunity 9 ! case (   
any action "u section #aigi1 & = o!r    
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ! ,end+ ,qualifi$ ,immunity  
,act4  #b4 ,f9d+s ,! ,congress f9ds z   
foll[s3 7#a7 ,9 #ahga1 ,congress pass$ !
 ,ku ,klux ,klan ,act to combat rampant 
violations ( civil & con/itutionally    
secur$ rights across ! nation1          
p>ticul>ly 9 ! po/-,civil ,w> ,s\?4     
7#b7 ,includ$ 9 ! act 0 a provision1 n[ 
codifi$ at section #aihc ( title #db1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 :i* provides a     
cause ( action = individuals to file    
lawsuits aga9/ ,/ate & local (ficials :o
 violate _! legal & con/itutionally     
secur$ rights4  7#c7 ,section #aihc has 

nev] includ$ a def5se or immunity =     
gov]nm5t (ficials :o act 9 good fai? :5 
violat+ rights1 nor has x ev] _h a      
def5se or immunity bas$ on :e!r ! "r 0  
cle>ly e/abli%$ at ! "t ( ! violation4  
7#d7 ,f ! law's beg9n+ 9 #ahga1 ?r\gh ! 
#aifjs1 gov]nm5t actors 7 n af=d$       
qualifi$ immunity = violat+ rights4     
7#e7 ,9 #aifg1 ! ,supreme ,c\rt 9       
,pi]son v4 ,ray1 #chf ,u4,s4 #edg1      
sudd5ly f\nd t gov]nm5t actors _h a good
 fai? def5se = mak+ arre/s "u           
uncon/itutional /atutes bas$ on a common
 law def5se = ! tort ( false arre/4     
7#f7 ,! ,c\rt lat] ext5d$ ?is beyond    
false arre/s1 turn+ x into a g5]al good 
fai? def5se = gov]nm5t (ficials4  7#g7  
,f9ally1 9 ,h>l[ v4 ,fitzg]ald1 #deg    
,u4,s4 #hjj 7#aihb71 ! ,c\rt f\nd !     
subjective se>* = good fai? 9 ! gov]nm5t
 actor unnecess>y1 & replac$ x ) an     
objective reasonabl5ess /&>d t requires 
t ! "r be cle>ly e/abli%$ at ! "t ( !   
violation = ! def5dant to be liable4    
7#h7 ,?is doctr9e ( qualifi$ immunity   

has sev]ely limit$ ! ability ( _m       
pla9tiffs to recov] damages "u section  
#aihc :5 _! rights h be5 violat$ by     
,/ate & local (ficials4 ,z a result1 !  
int5t ( ,congress 9 pass+ ! law has be5 
fru/rat$1 & ,am]icans' rights secur$ by 
! ,con/itution h n be5 appropriately    
protect$4  #c4 ,s5se ( ! ,congress ,x is
 ! s5se ( ! ,congress t we mu/ correct !
 errone\s int]pretation ( section #aihc 
:i* provides = qualifi$ immunity1 &     
reit]ate ! /&>d f\nd on ! face ( !      
/atute1 :i* does n limit liability on ! 
basis ( ! def5dant's good fai? beliefs  
or on ! basis t ! "r 0 n cle>ly e/abli%$
 at ! "t ( ! violation4  #d4 ,removal ( 
qualifi$ immunity ,section #aigi ( !    
,revis$ ,/atutes 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aihc7  
is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 ,x  
%all n be a def5se or immunity to any   
action br\ght "u ?is section t !        
def5dant 0 act+ 9 good fai?1 or t !     
def5dant believ$1 reasonably or o!rwise1
 t 8 or h] conduct 0 lawful at ! "t :5 x
 0 committ$4 ,nor %all x be a def5se or 

immunity t ! rights1 privileges1 or     
immunities secur$ by ! ,con/itution or  
laws 7 n cle>ly e/abli%$ at ! "t ( _!   
deprivation by ! def5dant1 or t ! /ate (
 ! law 0 o!rwise su* t ! def5dant c\ld n
 reasonably h be5 expect$ to "k :e!r 8  
or h] conduct 0 lawful44