,,ii  #aaf? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #cicf  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,june #aj1 #bjbj,mr4   
,hawley introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0  
read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on  
,arm$ ,s]vices  ,a ,,bill  ,to ma9ta9 ! 
ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to
 d5y a fait accompli by ! ,p's ,republic
 ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan1 & = o!r purposes4
  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ 
z ! ,taiwan ,def5se ,act4  #b4          
,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,d5y ,!   
t]m d5y means to use comb9$ jo9t        
op]ations to delay1 degrade1 &          
ultimately defeat an attempt by ! ,p's  
,republic ( ,*9a to execute a fait      
accompli aga9/ ,taiwan1 result+ 9-- 7,a7
 ! t]m9ation ( ho/ilities or1 at a      
m9imum1 ! t]m9ation ( ! attempt$ fait   
accompli2 or  7,b7 ! neutralization ( ! 
ability ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a to    
execute a fait accompli aga9/ ,taiwan4  
7#b7 ,fait accompli ,! t]m fait accompli
 means ! /rategy ( ! ,p's ,republic (   
,*9a design$ to all[ ! ,p's ,republic ( 

,*9a to use milit>y =ce to seize control
 ( ,taiwan be=e ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$   
,=ces are able to respond effectively1  
:ile simultane\sly det]r+ an effective  
comb9$ jo9t response by ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
,arm$ ,=ces by conv9c+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates t
 m\nt+ su* a response w\ld be           
prohibitively difficult or co/ly4  #c4  
,f9d+s ,congress makes ! foll[+ f9d+s3  
7#a7 ,taiwan is-- 7,a7 a beacon (       
democracy 9 ,asia2 &  7,b7 a /eadfa/    
p>tn] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! common      
pursuit ( a free & op5 ,indo-,pacific   
region 9 :i*-- 7i7 all societies enjoy  
sov]eign autonomy2  7ii7 p live         
securely1 prosp]\sly1 & ) dignity2 &    
7iii7 ! societies ( ! region rise & fall
 n by co]cion b on ! basis ( peaceful   
competition4  7#b7 ,if ! ,gov]nm5t ( !  
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a 7 to use milit>y  
=ce to compel ! unification ( ,taiwan ) 
! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a-- 7,a7 ! _w w\ld
 lose "o ( ! great *ampions ( fre$om &  
democracy2  7,b7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates &      
allies & p>tn]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld  

face sev]e difficulty 9 ma9ta9+         
favorable balances ( p[] relative to !  
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a 9 ,nor!a/ & ,s\!a/
 ,asia2 &  7,c7 z ! balance ( p[] 9 !   
,indo-,pacific region %ift$ 9 favor ( ! 
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a1 ! ,gov]nm5t ( !  
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a w\ld possess an   
increas+ ability-- 7i7 to impose its w  
?r\gh\t ! ,indo-,pacific region2 &  7ii7
 to prev5t ,unit$ ,/ates access to key  
trade r\tes & m>kets 9 ! ,indo-,pacific 
region1 !reby impos+ sev]e economic     
h>d%ip on middle-class & work+-class p (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & und]m9+ ! ,am]ican   
way ( life4  7#c7 ,9 ,janu>y #bjai1 !   
,def5se ,intellig5ce ,ag5cy assess$ t ! 
long/&+ int5t ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's    
,republic ( ,*9a to compel ! unification
 ( ,taiwan ) ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a1 & 
det] any attempt by ,taiwan to decl>e   
indep5d5ce1 0 ! prim>y driv] = ,*9a's   
milit>y mod]nization4  7#d7 ,! ,dep>tm5t
 ( ,def5se ,indo-,pacific ,/rategy      
,report releas$ 9 ,june #bjai1 /ates t !
 ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a is 

prep>+ = a cont+5cy to unify ,taiwan ) !
 ma9l& by =ce1 :ile simultane\sly       
det]r+1 delay+1 or d5y+ any ?ird-p>ty   
int]v5tion on ,taiwan's behalf4  7#e7   
,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se /atem5ts &          
publications indicate t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! 
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a is develop+ !     
plans & capabilities requir$ to employ !
 fait accompli /rategy to compel !      
unification ( ,taiwan ) ! ,p's ,republic
 ( ,*9a1 includ+-- 7,a7 ! assessm5t by !
 ,def5se ,sci5ce ,bo>d 9 #bjag t !      
,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a _h  
adopt$ a !ory ( victory :]eby once      
conflict ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates appe>$       
inevitable1 z might be ! case if !      
,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a     
attempt$ to use milit>y =ce to compel ! 
unification ( ,taiwan ) ! ,p's ,republic
 ( ,*9a1 !n ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's        
,republic ( ,*9a w attempt to a*ieve a  
decisive outcome v quickly1 pres5t+ !   
,unit$ ,/ates & its allies ) a fait     
accompli & !n seek to demon/rate t !    
,unit$ ,/ates & its allies w incur      

significant co/s 9 seek+ to rev]se t    
outcome2  7,b7 ! assessm5t 9 !          
,indo-,pacific ,/rategy ,report t1 if ! 
,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a or  
ano!r competitor 9 ! ,indo-,pacific     
region decides to advance _! int]e/s    
?r\gh =ce1 !y are likely to enjoy a     
local milit>y advantage at ! onset (    
conflict4 ,9 a fait accompli sc5>io1    
competitors w\ld seek to employ _!      
capabilities quickly to a*ieve limit$   
objectives & =e/all a response f !      
,unit$ ,/ates & its allies & p>tn]s2    
7,c7 te/imony by !n ,act+ ,secret>y (   
,def5se ,patrick ,%anahan 9 ,m>* #bjai  
t-- 7i7 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic (
 ,*9a has made inve/m5ts specifically   
int5d$ to (fset ,u4,s4 advantages2 &    
7ii7 if deploy$ 9 ! initial /ages ( a   
conflict1 ^! capabilities c\ld seek to  
a*ieve a fait accompli t w\ld make      
rev]s+ ,*9ese ga9s m difficult1         
milit>ily & politically2 &  7,d7        
te/imony by !n ,comm&+ ,g5]al ( ,m>9e   
,corps ,combat ,developm5t ,comm&       

,lieut5ant ,g5]al ,david ,b]g] 9 ,april 
#bjai t pe] adv]s>ies ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
seek to create /rategic dilemmas ?r\gh  
fait accompli sc5>ios4  7#f7 ,9 ,m>*    
#bjai1 !n ,act+ ,secret>y ( ,def5se     
,patrick ,%anahan te/ifi$ t !           
implem5tation ( ! #bjah ,national       
,def5se ,/rategy w\ld ensure ! ,unit$   
,/ates has ! capabilities1 po/ure1 &    
employm5t ( =ces requir$ to prev5t a    
fait accompli by ! ,p's ,republic (     
,*9a4  7#g7 ,accord+ to ! ,indo-,pacific
 ,/rategy ,report1 the ,national ,def5se
 ,/rategy implicitly ackn[l$ges ! mo/   
/ress+ pot5tial sc5>ios w occur along   
our competitors' p]iph]ies4 ,an attempt$
 fait accompli by ! ,p's ,republic (    
,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan %\ld !re=e be expect$
 to con/itute a mo/ /ress+ pot5tial     
sc5>io = ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces4   
7#h7 ,! ,national ,def5se ,/rategy      
,commission f\nd t ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$
 ,=ces mu/ be po/ur$ to det] & prev5t a 
fait accompli by an agile opportuni/ic  
adv]s>y 9 ord] to compete effectively 9 

! ,indo-,pacific region & /at$ t !      
,unit$ ,/ates mu/ develop new op]ational
 concepts to a*ieve /rategic advantage1 
includ+ by address+ ! ability (         
aggressive regimes to a*ieve a fait     
accompli aga9/ /ates on _! p]iph]y1 9   
recognition (-- 7,a7 ! unique *all5ges  
to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces pos$ by !
 employm5t ( ! fait accompli /rategy by 
! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a or
 ano!r /rategic competitor2 &  7,b7 !   
consequ5t urg5t ne$ = new ?9k+ & /eady  
focus by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se on ensur+
 ! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces
 to prev5t an adv]s>y f us+ ! fait      
accompli /rategy to advance its int]e/s 
at ! exp5se ( ^? ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4     
7#i7 ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se /rategic       
guidance & (ficial /atem5ts und]score ! 
ess5tial role t d5ial op]ations w play 9
 prev5t+ a fait accompli by ! ,p's      
,republic ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan1         
includ+-- 7,a7 ! incorporation 9 !      
,national ,def5se ,/rategy ( ! ,global  
,op]at+ ,model t includes a blunt lay] (

 combat-cr$ible =w>d =ces po/ur$ &      
employ$ to delay1 degrade1 or d5y       
adv]s>y aggression2  7,b7 ! conclusion  
by ! ,national ,def5se ,/rategy         
,commission t ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se mu/ 
position sub/antial capability =w>d 9 ! 
=m ( ! blunt lay] includ$ 9 ! ,global   
,op]at+ ,model to det] & prev5t a fait  
accompli2  7,c7 ! /atem5t = ! record by 
! ,comm&] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates             
,indo-,pacific ,comm&1 ,admiral ,phil   
,davidson1 9 ,april #bjah 9 :i* he      
concludes1 due to ! di/ances involv$ 9 !
 ,indo-,pacific1 we _c rely solely on   
surge =ces f ! cont95tal ,unit$ ,/ates  
to det] ,*9ese aggression or prev5t a   
fait accompli4 ,,pacom mu/ ma9ta9 a     
robu/ blunt lay] t effectively det]s    
,*9ese aggression 9 ! ,indo-,pacific2   
7,d7 ! ,jo9t ,op]at+ ,concept =         
,det]r5ce ,op]ations1 :i* /ates t       
=w>d-deploy$ =ces1 su* z ^? includ$ 9 ! 
blunt lay] ( ! ,global ,op]at+ ,model & 
ref]5c$ by ! ,national ,def5se ,/rategy 
,commission & ! ,comm&] ( ! ,unit$      

,/ates ,indo-,pacific ,comm&1 contribute
 to d5y+ b5efits & !reby r$uce !        
likelihood ( an adv]s>y a*iev+ /rategic 
or tactical surprise1 ?us help+ to      
prev5t adv]s>y decisionmak]s f conclud+ 
!y might a*ieve a milit>y fait accompli 
t c\ld be extremely co/ly = ! ,unit$    
,/ates to rev]se by =ce2  7,e7 ! ,unit$ 
,/ates ,army ,multi-,doma9 ,op]ations   
concept docum5t1 :i* /ates t ! ,arm$    
,=ces mu/ demon/rate ! capability to    
imm$iately d5y a fait accompli attack 9 
ord] to det] a ne>-pe] adv]s>y2 &  7,f7 
! ,m>9e ,corps ,=ce ,design #bjcj       
report1 :i* /ates t =w>d-deploy$ =ces t 
c cont9ue to op]ate inside an adv]s>y's 
long-range precision-fire weapons       
engagem5t zone 7,,wez7 are m            
op]ationally relevant ?an =ces :i* mu/  
rapidly maneuv] to positions outside !  
,,wez 9 ord] to rema9 survivable1 & t   
su* /&-9 =ces possess ! capability to   
attrite adv]s>y =ces1 enable jo9t =ce   
access requirem5ts1 complicate t>get+ & 
consume adv]s>y intellig5ce1            

surveillance1 & reconnaissance res\rces1
 & prev5t fait accompli sc5>ios4  #d4   
,s5se ( ,congress ,x is ! s5se (        
,congress t-- 7#a7 ! ability ( ! ,unit$ 
,/ates to uphold a free & op5           
,indo-,pacific region w\ld be sev]ely   
compromis$ if ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's      
,republic ( ,*9a 7 able to compel !     
unification ( ,taiwan ) ! ,p's ,republic
 ( ,*9a1 p>ticul>ly if ! ,p's ,republic 
( ,*9a 7 able to d s by milit>y =ce2    
7#b7 ! loss by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( !      
ability to ma9ta9 a free & op5          
,indo-,pacific region w\ld result 9 !   
significantly increas$ vuln]ability ( ! 
middle-class & work+-class p ( ! ,unit$ 
,/ates & ! allies & p>tn]s ( ! ,unit$   
,/ates to economic co]cion by !         
,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a2    
7#c7 ! fate ( ,taiwan is !re=e crucially
 l9k$ to ! fates ( all c\ntries 9 !     
,indo-,pacific region1 includ+ to ! fate
 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2  7#d7 "u ! ,taiwan  
,relations ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #ccja et 
seq471 x is ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  

to consid] any ef=t to det]m9e ! future 
( ,taiwan by o!r ?an peaceful means to  
be ( grave conc]n to ! ,unit$ ,/ates2   
7#e7 s9ce #aigi1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates        
,gov]nm5t has consi/5tly upheld !       
commitm5ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates "u !       
,taiwan ,relations ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4  
#ccja et seq472  7#f7 ! ,national       
,def5se ,au?orization ,act = ,fiscal    
,ye> #bjbj 7,public ,law #aaf-ib7       
reaffirms t ! ,taiwan ,relations ,act   
7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #ccja et seq47 & ! ,six  
,assurances are ! corn]/ones ( ,unit$   
,/ates relations ) ,taiwan2  7#g7 !     
,taiwan ,relations ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4  
#ccja et seq47 fur!r e/abli%es ! policy 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ma9ta9 ! capacity (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to resi/ any resort to 
=ce or o!r =ms ( co]cion t w\ld         
jeop>dize ! security1 or ! social or    
economic sy/em1 ( ! p on ,taiwan2  7#h7 
! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a   
appe>s to be develop+ ! plans &         
capabilities requir$ to use ! fait      
accompli /rategy to compel ! unification

 ( ,taiwan ) ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a1   
!reby jeop>diz+ ! security & ! social & 
economic sy/em ( ! p ( ,taiwan2  7#i7   
d5ial op]ations w h an ess5tial role 9  
any /rategy to prev5t a fait accompli by
 ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan2 
&  7#aj7 implem5tation ( ! ,taiwan      
,relations ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #ccja et 
seq47 !re=e requires ! ,unit$ ,/ates to 
ma9ta9 ! ability to defeat a fait       
accompli by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a     
aga9/ ,taiwan1 especially by d5ial      
op]ations4  #e4 ,/atem5t ( policy ,x    
%all be ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to   
ma9ta9 ! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$
 ,=ces to d5y a fait accompli by ! ,p's 
,republic ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan4  #f4    
,report on progress ( ! ,dep>tm5t (     
,def5se ) respect to d5y+ a fait        
accompli by ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a     
aga9/ ,taiwan  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an 
,april #cj ea* ye>1 beg9n+ 9 #bjba &    
end+ 9 #bjbf1 ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se %all
 submit to ! congressional def5se       
committees a report on ! progress ( !   

,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se ) respect to improv+
 ! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces
 to conduct comb9$ jo9t op]ations to d5y
 ! ability ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a to 
execute a fait accompli aga9/ ,taiwan4  
7b7 ,matt]s ,to be includ$ ,ea* report  
"u subsection 7a7 %all include ! foll[+3
 7#a7 ,an explanation ( ! objectives = !
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces t w\ld be    
necess>y to d5y ! fait accompli by !    
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan4    
7#b7 ,an id5tification ( jo9t w>fight+  
capabilities & curr5t ef=ts to organize1
 tra91 & equip ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$    
,=ces 9 support ( ! objectives ref]r$ to
 9 p>agraph 7#a71 includ+-- 7,a7 an     
assessm5t ( :e!r ! programs includ$ 9 ! 
mo/ rec5t future-ye>s def5se program    
submitt$ to ,congress "u section #bba ( 
title #aj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 are     
suffici5t to enable ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,arm$ ,=ces to conduct jo9t comb9$      
op]ations to a*ieve su* objectives2     
7,b7 a description ( additional         
inve/m5ts or =ce po/ure adju/m5ts       

requir$ to ma9ta9 or improve ! ability (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to conduct 
jo9t comb9$ op]ations to a*ieve su*     
objectives2  7,c7 a description ( !     
mann] 9 :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se int5ds
 to develop & integrate ,army1 ,navy1   
,air ,=ce1 ,m>9e ,corps1 & ,space ,=ce  
op]ational concepts to ma9ta9 or improve
 ! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces
 to conduct jo9t comb9$ op]ations to    
a*ieve su* objectives2 &  7,d7 an       
assessm5t ( ! mann] 9 :i* diff]5t       
options = pre-delegat+ au?orities1      
includ+ au?orities relat+ to k9etic     
/rikes aga9/ t>gets on ! ma9l& ( ! ,p's 
,republic ( ,*9a1 may improve ! ability 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to conduct
 jo9t comb9$ op]ations to a*ieve su*    
objectives4  7#c7 ,an assessm5t ( ! role
 ( ! nucle> =ces ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9    
det]r+ or defeat+ a fait accompli by !  
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a aga9/ ,taiwan1    
includ+ concepts =-- 7,a7 det]r+ limit$ 
use ( nucle> weapons by ! ,p's ,republic
 ( ,*9a 9 ! ,indo-,pacific region )\t   

und]m9+ ! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,arm$ ,=ces to ma9ta9 nucle> det]r5ce at
 ! /rategic & !at] levels aga9/ !       
,russian ,f$]ation & ! ,democratic ,p's 
,republic ( ,korea2 &  7,b7 ensur+ !    
,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces are able to   
cont9ue comb9$ jo9t op]ations to def5d  
,taiwan 9 a nucle> environm5t foll[+    
nucle> weapons use by ! ,p's ,republic (
 ,*9a or ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7c7 ,=m ,ea* 
report requir$ by subsection 7a7 %all be
 submitt$ 9 classifi$ =m b may include  
an unclassifi$ executive summ>y4  7d7   
,congressional def5se committees def9$  
,9 ?is section1 ! t]m congressional     
def5se committees has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m
 9 section #aja7;a77#af7 ( title #aj1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code4