,,ii #aafth ,,congress #b;d ,session ,s4 #cgei ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,may #ai1 #bjbj,mr4 ,coons 7for himself and ,mr4 ,graham7 introduced the following bill2 which was read twice and referred to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations ,a ,,bill ,to close high risk wildlife markets and prevent wildlife disease transmission globally1 and for other purposes4 #a4 ,short title2 table of contents 7a7 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the ,global ,wildlife ,health and ,pandemic ,prevention ,act4 7b7 ,table of contents ,the table of contents for this ,act is as follows3 ,sec4 #a4 ,short title2 table of contents4,sec4 #b4 ,definitions4,sec4 #c4 ,findings4,sec4 #d4 ,sense of ,congress4,sec4 #e4 ,closing high risk wildlife markets4,sec4 #f4 ,preventing outbreaks of diseases of wildlife origin4,sec4 #g4 ,authorization of appropriations4 #b4 ,definitions ,in this ,act3 7#a7 ,emerging infectious disease ,the term emerging infectious disease means an infectious disease whose incidence in humans has increased in the past two decades or threatens to increase in the near future4 7#b7 ,high risk wildlife markets ,the term high risk wildlife markets means any commercial market that sells or processes wildlife for human consumption1 whether the animals originated in the wild or in a captive situation1 and where-- 7,a7 the species of wildlife or regulation of the market is determined under section #f7;a77#a7 to be a risk factor for zoonotic disease spread to humans or is linked with the global illegal trade in wildlife2 or 7,b7 the manner of processing the wildlife is determined under section #f7;a77#a7 to be a risk factor for zoonotic disease spread to humans4 7#c7 ,one health ,the term ,one ,health means a collaborative and transdisciplinary approach to achieving optimal health outcomes that recognizes the interconnection between people1 animals1 plants1 and their shared environment4 7#d7 ,spillover event ,the term spillover event means the transmission of a pathogen from one species to another that was not previously a host for that pathogen4 7#e7 ,zoonotic disease ,the term zoonotic disease means any disease that is naturally transmissible from vertebrate animals to humans4 #c4 ,findings ,congress makes the following findings3 7#a7 ,according to the ,centers for ,disease ,control and ,prevention1 the majority of emerging infectious diseases in recent years have originated in wildlife1 and the rate of outbreaks of these diseases is increasing4 7#b7 ,zoonotic disease spillover events can occur from unnatural interaction between human and wildlife populations or between wildlife populations without human presence4 7#c7 ,the collection1 production1 trade1 and sale of wildlife for human consumption can be a serious risk factor for spillover events1 particularly if it involves animal species not typically in close proximity to humans or to each other1 living under poorly regulated and stressful conditions that exacerbate the shedding of zoonotic pathogens4 7#d7 ,changing land use practices and human expansion into wildlife habitat also increase opportunities for contact between wildlife and humans that can lead to disease transmission4 7#e7 ,markets where wildlife is sold for human consumption are found in many countries throughout the world1 and in some cases these products represent the only accessible source of protein for communities2 therefore1 sustainable production of alternative protein should be supported in such communities in order to reduce need or demand for wildlife as a food source4 7#f7 ,the human1 economic1 and security costs of global pandemics and regional epidemics of zoonotic diseases and emerging infectious diseases is overwhelming4 ,it is believed that the ,,covid-#ai pandemic will result in tens of thousands of deaths and trillions of dollars in economic damage to the ,united ,states alone4 #d4 ,sense of ,congress ,it is the sense of ,congress that-- 7#a7 the ,united ,states ,government should prioritize actions that lead to the immediate and permanent closure of high risk wildlife markets around the world2 and 7#b7 the ,united ,states ,government should utilize a ,one ,health approach to emerging zoonotic and infectious disease prevention1 detection1 reporting1 and response that leverages expertise across public health1 epidemiology1 wildlife and biodiversity conservation1 food security1 and veterinary medicine designed to eliminate the risk of future such zoonotic and emerging infectious disease epidemics and pandemics4 #e4 ,closing high risk wildlife markets 7a7 ,closure of markets ,the ,department of ,state1 the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development1 the ,united ,states ,fish and ,wildlife ,service1 and the ,department of ,agriculture1 in collaboration with other relevant ,united ,states agencies1 shall-- 7#a7 prioritize the closure of high risk wildlife markets around the world and associated activities as part of ,united ,states diplomatic efforts2 7#b7 provide support for other governments around the world in their efforts to close high risk wildlife markets2 7#c7 work with other governments and multilateral organizations1 through appropriate existing treaties and conventions1 to develop agreements or protocols around closing high risk wildlife markets2 and 7#d7 coordinate these activities with existing ,united ,states ,government efforts to combat wildlife trafficking1 including-- 7,a7 providing assistance to combat corruption1 strengthen governance1 and build law enforcement capacity abroad2 7,b7 aiding countries in detecting and deterring illegal import1 transit1 and export of wildlife2 7,c7 improving information sharing in order to halt wildlife trade that may spread zoonotic disease and emerging infectious disease2 and 7,d7 reducing demand for wildlife and wildlife products1 including by increasing access to alternative protein sources for food insecure communities4 7b7 ,national ,security ,council measures ,the ,national ,security ,council1 in consultation with the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development1 the ,centers for ,disease ,control and ,prevention1 the ,united ,states ,fish and ,wildlife ,service1 and the ,department of ,agriculture1 shall develop policies and mechanisms to support the closure of high risk wildlife markets and associated activities globally4 7c7 ,sanctions 7#a7 ,findings warranting sanctions ,if the ,secretary of ,state1 the ,secretary of the ,interior1 or the ,secretary of ,agriculture finds that a country is continuing to willfully harbor high risk wildlife markets1 including a failure to enforce relevant laws and regulations1 the ,secretary making such finding shall certify such finding to the ,president and shall report this certification within #ae days to ,congress4 7#b7 ,actions ,upon the receipt of any certification made under subsection 7c71 the ,president may-- 7,a7 prohibit the import of any products from the offending country1 to the extent that such prohibition is permitted under current trade agreements2 7,b7 freeze assets of any government officials from the offending country2 or 7,c7 impose travel bans and visa restrictions on any government officials from the offending country4 7d7 ,exceptions ,in carrying out this section1 limited exceptions shall be considered if necessary to meet the nutritional1 subsistence1 or cultural needs and rights of indigenous peoples or communities dependent on wildlife for food security4 #f4 ,preventing outbreaks of diseases of wildlife origin 7a7 ,integrating human1 animal1 and environmental health ,the ,department of ,state1 the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development1 the ,centers for ,disease ,control and ,prevention1 the ,united ,states ,fish and ,wildlife ,service1 the ,united ,states ,geological ,survey1 and the ,department of ,agriculture1 in collaboration with other relevant ,united ,states agencies as appropriate1 shall leverage public health1 animal health1 and environmental health expertise to-- 7#a7 identify high risk wildlife markets for the purposes of carrying out section #e2 7#b7 coordinate an integrated1 ,federal government-wide approach to global zoonotic disease preparedness1 surveillance1 and response2 7#c7 support efforts to better understand the connection between human and wildlife health2 7#d7 promote a multi-sectoral approach that coordinates global health1 food security1 and biodiversity activities2 7#e7 strengthen global capacity for detection of zoonotic diseases with pandemic potential by-- 7,a7 supporting institutions that can prevent and provide early detection of zoonotic outbreaks2 7,b7 investing in laboratory diagnostic capability and workforce training2 7,c7 supporting surveillance at locations at high risk of spillover events2 and 7,d7 preventing biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation that can lead to zoonotic disease transmission2 7#f7 invest in food security efforts that aim to-- 7,a7 eliminate public health threats from zoonotic disease spillover events2 7,b7 prevent biodiversity loss and species extinction2 and 7,c7 protect food insecure communities from loss of access to protein that may result from closure of high risk wildlife markets and efforts to reduce demand for wildlife as a food source2 and 7#g7 take action to minimize the human-wildlife interface in the wild1 including by-- 7,a7 preventing the degradation and fragmentation of intact ecosystems2 7,b7 restoring the integrity of degraded and fragmented ecosystems2 7,c7 supporting effective indigenous and local stewardship of traditional territories2 7,d7 supporting national and subnational governments in effectively managing their protected areas2 7,e7 helping enforce current laws that protect wildlife2 and 7,f7 investing in risk reduction and community education programs that reduce demand for wildlife as a food source and increase access to alternative protein sources4 7b7 ,identification of high risk wildlife markets ,in carrying out subsection 7a77#a71 the following factors shall be considered3 7#a7 ,wildlife markets that are regulated under national and international veterinary standards for slaughter shall not be considered high risk wildlife markets4 7#b7 ,mammals1 birds1 reptiles1 and amphibians of wild origin1 whether removed directly from the wild or bred in captivity1 shall be considered wildlife for the purposes of identifying high risk wildlife markets4 7c7 ,global health funding plan ,the ,secretary of ,state and the ,administrator of the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development shall include information about zoonotic disease preparedness and surveillance in the reports required under section #djf7;b7 of the ,coronavirus ,preparedness and ,response ,supplemental ,appropriations ,act1 #bjbj 7,public ,law #aaf-abc74 #g4 ,authorization of appropriations ,the following amounts are authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year #bjba to carry out the activities outlined in this ,act3 7#a7 #ajj1jjj1jjj for ,state ,international ,narcotics ,control and ,law ,enforcement4 7#b7 #ej1jjj1jjj for the ,fish and ,wildlife ,service ,office of ,law ,enforcement4 7#c7 #bj1jjj1jjj for the ,fish and ,wildlife ,service ,office of ,international ,affairs4 7#d7 #dj1jjj1jjj for the ,united ,states ,geological ,survey ,national ,wildlife ,health ,center4 7#e7 #cj1jjj1jjj for the ,,usda ,national ,animal ,health ,laboratory ,network4 7#f7 #bjj1jjj1jjj for ,,usaid ,global ,health ,security ,programs4 7#g7 #abe1jjj1jjj for ,,usaid ,food ,security ,programs4 7#h7 #ejj1jjj1jjj for ,,usaid ,biodiversity ,programs4