,,ii #aaf? ,,congress #b;d ,session ,s4 #cbjh ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,janu>y #af1 #bjbj,mr4 ,portman introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal ,affairs ,a ,,bill ,to improve ag5cy rulemak+1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,regulatory ,acc\ntability ,act4 #b4 ,def9itions ,section #eea ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph 7#e71 by /rik+ rule mak+ & ins]t+ rulemak+2 7#b7 9 p>agraph 7#f71 by /rik+ rule mak+ & ins]t+ rulemak+2 7#c7 9 p>agraph 7#ac71 by /rik+ & at ! end2 7#d7 9 p>agraph 7#ad71 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ a semicolon2 & 7#e7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#ae7 guidance means an ag5cy /atem5t ( g5]al applicability t-- 7,a7 is n int5d$ to h ! =ce & effect ( law2 & 7,b7 sets =? a policy on a /atutory1 regulatory1 or te*nical issue or an int]pretation ( a /atutory or regulatory issue2 7#af7 high-impact rule means any rule t ! ,adm9i/rator det]m9es is likely to cause an annual effect on ! economy ( #ejj1jjj1jjj or m1 adju/$ once e #e ye>s to reflect increases 9 ! ,consum] ,price ,index = ,all ,urban ,consum]s1 z publi%$ by ! ,bureau ( ,labor ,/ati/ics ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,labor2 7#ag7 major guidance means guidance t ! ,adm9i/rator f9ds is likely to lead to-- 7,a7 an annual effect on ! economy ( #ajj1jjj1jjj or m1 adju/$ once e #e ye>s to reflect increases 9 ! ,consum] ,price ,index = ,all ,urban ,consum]s1 z publi%$ by ! ,bureau ( ,labor ,/ati/ics ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,labor2 7,b7 a major increase 9 co/s or prices = consum]s1 individual indu/ries1 ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 local1 or ,tribal gov]nm5t ag5cies1 or geographic regions2 or 7,c7 significant adv]se effects on competition1 employm5t1 inve/m5t1 productivity1 innovation1 public heal? & safety1 or ! ability ( ,unit$ ,/ates-bas$ ent]prises to compete ) =eign-bas$ ent]prises 9 dome/ic & export m>kets2 7#ah7 major rule means any rule t ! ,adm9i/rator det]m9es is likely to cause-- 7,a7 an annual effect on ! economy ( #ajj1jjj1jjj or m1 adju/$ once e #e ye>s to reflect increases 9 ! ,consum] ,price ,index = ,all ,urban ,consum]s1 z publi%$ by ! ,bureau ( ,labor ,/ati/ics ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,labor2 7,b7 a major increase 9 co/s or prices = consum]s1 individual indu/ries1 ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 local1 or ,tribal gov]nm5t ag5cies1 or geographic regions2 or 7,c7 significant adv]se effects on competition1 employm5t1 inve/m5t1 productivity1 innovation1 public heal? & safety1 or ! ability ( ,unit$ ,/ates-bas$ ent]prises to compete ) =eign-bas$ ent]prises 9 dome/ic & export m>kets2 7#ai7 ,(fice ( ,in=mation & ,regulatory ,affairs means ! (fice e/abli%$ "u section #cejc ( title #dd & any successor to t (fice2 & 7#bj7 ,adm9i/rator means ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,(fice ( ,in=mation & ,regulatory ,affairs4 4 #c4 ,rulemak+ ,section #eec ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 ! section head+1 by /rik+ ,rule mak+ & ins]t+ ,rulemak+2 7#b7 9 subsection 7a71 by /rik+ 7a7 ,?is section applies & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7a7 ,applicability ,?is section applies 2 & 7#c7 by /rik+ subsections 7b7 ?r\gh 7e7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7b7 ,rulemak+ consid]ations ,9 a rulemak+1 an ag5cy %all consid]1 9 addition to o!r applicable consid]ations1 ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,! legal au?ority "u :i* a rule may be propos$1 includ+ :e!r rulemak+ is requir$ by /atute or is )9 ! discretion ( ! ag5cy4 7#b7 ,! nature & significance ( ! problem ! ag5cy int5ds to address ) a rule4 7#c7 ,:e!r exi/+ ,f$]al laws or rules h creat$ or contribut$ to ! problem ! ag5cy may address ) a rule &1 if s1 :e!r ^? ,f$]al laws or rules c\ld be am5d$ or resc9d$ to address ! problem 9 :ole or 9 "p4 7#d7 ,a reasonable numb] ( alt]natives = or to a new rule1 ) ! consid]ation ( #c alt]natives presum$ to be reasonable1 t-- 7,a7 meet ! objectives ( ! /atutory provision on :i* ! rulemak+ relies1 includ+ sub/antial alt]natives or o!r responses id5tifi$ by ! ag5cy or by int]e/$ p]sons2 & 7,b7 consid] n only m&at+ p>ticul> conduct or mann]s ( compliance1 b also-- 7i7 specify+ p]=mance objectives2 7ii7 e/abli%+ economic inc5tives1 includ+ m>ketable p]mits1 to enc\rage desir$ behavior2 7iii7 e/abli%+ disclosure requirem5ts t w provide in=mation ^u :i* *oices c be made by ! public2 or 7iv7 adopt+ o!r means ( meet+ ! objectives ( ! /atutory provision on :i* ! rulemak+ relies )\t m&at+ p>ticul> conduct or mann]s ( compliance4 7#e7 ,= any major rule or high-impact rule1 unless prohibit$ by law1 ! pot5tial co/s & b5efits associat$ ) pot5tial alt]native rules & o!r responses consid]$ "u p>agraph 7#d71 includ+ quantitative & qualitative analyses (-- 7,a7 ! direct co/s & b5efits2 7,b7 ! nature & degree ( risks address$ by ! rule & ! c\nt]vail+ risks t might be pos$ by ag5cy action2 & 7,c7 to ! ext5t practicable1 ! cumulative co/s & b5efits1 & an analysis ( ! effects t ! rule is anticipat$ to h on entities t pur*ase products or s]vices f1 sell products or s]vices to1 or o!rwise conduct bus9ess ) entities to :i* ! rule w apply4 7c7 ,notice ( propos$ rulemak+ 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if an ag5cy det]m9es t ! objectives ( ! ag5cy require ! ag5cy to issue a rule1 ! ag5cy %all-- 7,a7 submit a notice ( propos$ rulemak+ to ! ,adm9i/rator = review2 7,b7 refra9 f publi%+ ! notice until ! ,adm9i/rator det]m9es t review by ! ,adm9i/rator has conclud$2 & 7,c7 at ! conclusion ( review by ! ,adm9i/rator1 publi% a notice ( propos$ rulemak+ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]1 :i* %all include-- 7i7 a /atem5t ( ! "t1 place1 & nature ( any public rulemak+ proce$+s2 7ii7 a ref]5ce to ! legal au?ority "u :i* ! rule is propos$1 includ+ ! specific /atutory provision on :i* ! rulemak+ relies2 7iii7 ! text ( ! propos$ rule2 7iv7 a summ>y ( in=mation kn[n to ! ag5cy conc]n+ ! consid]ations describ$ 9 subsection 7b72 & 7v7 :]e o!rwise consi/5t ) applicable law1 = any major rule or high-impact rule-- 7,i7 a reason$ prelim9>y explanation reg>d+ h[-- 7aa7 ! propos$ rule meets ! objectives ( ! /atutory provision on :i* ! rulemak+ relies2 & 7bb7 ! b5efits ( ! propos$ rule ju/ify ! co/s2 7,,ii7 a discussion (-- 7aa7 ! co/s & b5efits ( alt]natives consid]$ by ! ag5cy "u subsection 7b77#d72 7bb7 :e!r ! alt]natives consid]$ by ! ag5cy "u subsection 7b77#d7 meet ! objectives ( ! /atutory provision on :i* ! rulemak+ relies2 & 7cc7 ! reasons :y ! ag5cy did n propose an alt]native consid]$ by ! ag5cy "u subsection 7b77#d72 & 7,,iii7 a solicitation ( public comm5t1 includ+ on all issues & alt]natives discuss$ "u subclauses 7,i7 & 7,,ii7 & subsection 7l77#a77;,a74 7#b7 ,accessibility 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an ! date on :i* an ag5cy publi%es a notice ( propos$ rulemak+ "u p>agraph 7#a71 all /udies1 models1 sci5tific lit]ature1 & o!r in=mation develop$ or reli$ ^u by ! ag5cy1 & actions tak5 by ! ag5cy to obta9 t in=mation1 9 connection ) ! det]m9ation ( ! ag5cy to propose ! rule t is ! subject ( ! rulemak+ %all be plac$ 9 ! docket = ! propos$ rule & made accessible to ! public4 7,b7 ,in=mation controll$ by nongov]nm5tal p]son ,) respect to any in=mation to :i* a nongov]nm5tal p]son holds a legal "r to prohibit or limit reproduction1 di/ribution1 or public display1 ! in=mation %all be-- 7i7 plac$ 9 ! docket ?r\gh citation or incorporation by ref]5ce1 includ+ a specification ( ! id5tity ( ! nongov]nm5tal p]son :o holds a legal "r to prohibit or limit reproduction1 di/ribution1 or public display ( ! in=mation & ! means by :i* a memb] ( ! public may reque/ a full copy ( ! in=mation f t hold]2 & 7ii7 consid]$ made accessible to ! public aft] a placem5t describ$ 9 clause 7i71 provid$ t ! nongov]nm5tal p]son :o holds a legal "r to prohibit or limit reproduction1 di/ribution1 or public display ( ! in=mation makes ! in=mation reasonably available ^u reque/ 9 a timely mann] to any memb] ( ! public :o reque/s a copy ( ! in=mation4 7,c7 ,exception ,subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,b7 %all n apply ) respect to in=mation t is exempt f disclosure "u section #eeb7;b74 7#c7 ,in=mation quality ,if an ag5cy proposes a rule t re/s ^u sci5tific1 te*nical1 or economic in=mation1 ! ag5cy %all-- 7,a7 propose ! rule on ! basis ( ! be/ reasonably available sci5tific1 te*nical1 or economic in=mation2 & 7,b7 to ! maximum ext5t practicable1 use t in=mation 9 compliance ) ! guidel9es issu$ "u section #eae ( ! ,treasury & ,g5]al ,gov]nm5t ,appropriations ,act1 #bjja 7,public ,law #ajf-eed2 #aad ,/at4 #bgfc;,a-#aed74 7#d7 ,public comm5t 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,aft] publi%+ a notice ( propos$ rulemak+ "u p>agraph 7#a71 an ag5cy %all provide int]e/$ p]sons an opportunity to p>ticipate 9 ! rulemak+ ?r\gh ! submission ( writt5 mat]ial1 data1 views1 or argum5ts ) or )\t opportunity = oral pres5tation1 except t-- 7i7 if a public he>+ is conv5$ "u subsection 7e71 reasonable opportunity = oral pres5tation %all be provid$ at ! public he>+ z provid$ 9 subsection 7e72 & 7ii7 :51 o!r ?an z provid$ 9 subsection 7e71 a rule is requir$ by /atute to be made on ! record aft] opportunity = an ag5cy he>+-- 7,i7 sections #eef & #eeg %all apply2 & 7,,ii7 ! petition proc$ures ( subsection 7e7 %all n apply4 7,b7 ,timel9e 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to subp>agraph 7,c71 an ag5cy %all provide n less ?an #fj days1 or1 ) respect to a propos$ major rule or a propos$ high-impact rule1 n less ?an #ij days1 = int]e/$ p]sons to submit writt5 mat]ial1 data1 views1 or argum5ts "u subp>agraph 7,a74 7ii7 ,adequate review p]iod ,if a propos$ rule relies on in=mation plac$ 9 ! docket ?r\gh citation or incorporation by ref]5ce z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c77;,b71 ! comm5t p]iod requir$ "u clause 7i7 %all be adequate to all[ int]e/$ p]sons to receive & review t in=mation to in=m _! submission4 7,c7 ,responsive comm5t p]iod = major & high-impact rules ,) respect to a propos$ major rule or a propos$ high-impact rule1 an int]e/$ p]son :o made a submission "u subp>agraph 7,a7 dur+ ! comm5t p]iod "u subp>agraph 7,b7 ) respect to ! rule may1 dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! day aft] ! date on :i* t comm5t p]iod closes & end+ on ! date t is #cj days aft] t day1 respond to any o!r submission made by any o!r int]e/$ p]son "u subp>agraph 7,a7 dur+ ! initial comm5t p]iod4 7,d7 ,accessibility ,all comm5ts & responses submitt$ "u ?is p>agraph %all be promptly plac$ 9 ! docket & made accessible to ! public4 7#e7 ,*ange ( classification aft] publication ( notice ,if1 aft] an ag5cy submits = review & publi%es ! notice ( propos$ rulemak+ requir$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 a propos$ rule is det]m9$ to be a major rule or a high-impact rule1 ! ag5cy %all-- 7,a7 publi% a notice 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] ) respect to ! *ange ( ! classification ( ! rule2 & 7,b7 all[ int]e/$ p]sons an additional opportunity ( n less ?an #cj days to comm5t on-- 7i7 ! rule2 & 7ii7 ! *ange ( ! classification ( ! rule4 7#f7 ,prohibition on c]ta9 communications 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 aft] an ag5cy publi%es a notice ( propos$ rulemak+ requir$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 or aft] an ag5cy publi%es a notice ( initiation ( rulemak+ "u subsection 7d77#a77;,b71 ! ag5cy1 & any individual act+ 9 an (ficial capacity on behalf ( ! ag5cy1 may n communicate1 & a p]son :o receives ,f$]al funds f ! ag5cy may n use ^? funds to communicate1 ?r\gh writt51 oral1 electronic1 or o!r means1 to ! public ) respect to ! propos$ rule 9 a mann] t-- 7i7 directly advocates1 9 support ( or aga9/ ! propos$ rule1 = ! submission ( in=mation t w =m "p ( ! record = ! propos$ rule2 7ii7 appeals to ! public1 or solicits a ?ird p>ty1 to und]take advocacy 9 support ( or aga9/ ! propos$ rule2 or 7iii7 is directly or indirectly = ! purpose ( publicity or propag&a )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 a mann] t ,congress has n au?oriz$4 7,b7 ,exception ,! prohibition "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all n apply to a communication t reque/s comm5ts on1 or provides in=mation reg>d+1 a propos$ rule 9 an imp>tial mann]4 7d7 ,initiation ( rulemak+ = major & high-,impact rules 7#a7 ,notice = major & high-impact rules ,:5 an ag5cy det]m9es to initiate a rulemak+ t may result 9 a major rule or a high-impact rule1 ! ag5cy %all-- 7,a7 e/abli% an electronic docket = t rulemak+1 :i* may h a physical c\nt]p>t2 & 7,b7 publi% a notice ( initiation ( rulemak+ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]1 :i* %all-- 7i7 briefly describe ! subject & objectives (1 & ! problem to be solv$ by1 ! rule2 7ii7 ref] to ! legal au?ority "u :i* ! rule w\ld be propos$1 includ+ ! specific /atutory provision t au?orizes ! rulemak+2 7iii7 invite int]e/$ p]sons to propose alt]natives & o!r ideas reg>d+ h[ be/ to accompli% ! objectives ( ! ag5cy 9 ! mo/ effective mann]2 7iv7 indicate h[ int]e/$ p]sons may submit writt5 mat]ial = ! docket2 & 7v7 appe> 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] n lat] ?an #ij days be=e ! date on :i* ! ag5cy publi%es a notice ( propos$ rulemak+ = ! rule4 7#b7 ,accessibility ,all in=mation provid$ to ! ag5cy "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all be promptly plac$ 9 ! docket & made accessible to ! public1 unless ! in=mation-- 7,a7 is in=mation to :i* ! submitt] does n hold a legal "r to au?orize disclosure2 or 7,b7 is exempt f disclosure "u section #eeb7;b74 7#c7 ,applicability ,) respect to ! alt]natives & o!r ideas propos$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,b77iii7-- 7,a7 ! alt]natives & o!r ideas are = ! b5efit (-- 7i7 ! ag5cy receiv+ ! alt]natives & o!r ideas2 & 7ii7 ! public2 & 7,b7 ! ag5cy receiv+ ! alt]natives & o!r ideas may respond to ! alt]natives & o!r ideas4 7#d7 ,timetable 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,aft] consid]+ any writt5 mat]ial submitt$ by int]e/$ p]sons "u p>agraph 7#a71 if an ag5cy det]m9es to proce$ ) a rulemak+ = a major rule or a high-impact rule1 ! ag5cy propos+ ! rule %all e/abli% a timetable = ! rulemak+ t-- 7i7 conta9s int]m$iate completion dates = actions ( ! ag5cy1 includ+-- 7,i7 ! anticipat$ date on :i* ! ag5cy %all publi% ! notice requir$ "u subsection 7c77#a7 ) respect to ! rule2 & 7,,ii7 ! duration ( ! comm5t p]iod requir$ "u subsection 7c77#d71 includ+ ! date on :i* ! comm5t p]iod %all end2 & 7ii7 includes a f9al completion date = actions by ! ag5cy4 7,b7 ,publication ,! timetable requir$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be publi%$ 9 ! electronic docket e/abli%$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 ) respect to ! rulemak+4 7,c7 ,consid]ation ( factors ,9 e/abli%+ ! timetable requir$ "u subp>agraph 7,a71 an ag5cy %all consid] relevant factors1 includ+-- 7i7 ! size & complexity ( ! rulemak+2 7ii7 ! res\rces available to ! ag5cy2 7iii7 ! national significance ( ! rulemak+2 & 7iv7 all /atutory requirem5ts t gov]n ! tim+ ( ! rulemak+4 7,d7 ,report requir$ 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an ag5cy t fails to meet an int]m$iate or f9al completion date = an action e/abli%$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all submit to ,congress & ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,managem5t & ,budget a report reg>d+ :y ! ag5cy fail$ to meet ! completion date4 7ii7 ,cont5ts2 publication 9 f$]al regi/] ,a report submitt$ "u clause 7i7 %all-- 7,i7 include an am5d$ timetable = ! rulemak+2 & 7,,ii7 be publi%$-- 7aa7 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]2 & 7bb7 9 ! electronic docket e/abli%$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 ) respect to ! rulemak+4 7,e7 ,*anges to int]m$iate dates publi%$ 9 electronic docket ,if an ag5cy *anges an int]m$iate completion date = an action ( ! ag5cy e/abli%$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77i71 ! ag5cy %all publi% 9 ! electronic docket e/abli%$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,a7-- 7i7 ! updat$ completion date = ! action2 & 7ii7 a brief explanation reg>d+ ! reason = ! *ange to ! completion date4 7#e7 ,notice ( det]m9ation ( o!r ag5cy c\rse 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,if1 aft] publi%+ ! notice requir$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 an ag5cy det]m9es n to issue a major rule or a high-impact rule1 ! ag5cy %all-- 7i7 publi% a notice ( det]m9ation ( o!r ag5cy c\rse2 & 7ii7 if ! ag5cy int5ds to issue a rule1 comply ) ! proc$ures requir$ "u subsection 7c74 7,b7 ,cont5ts ,a notice ( det]m9ation ( o!r ag5cy c\rse publi%$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77i7 %all include-- 7i7 a description ( ! alt]native response ! ag5cy has det]m9$ to adopt2 & 7ii7 if ! ag5cy int5ds to issue a rule1 any in=mation requir$ "u subsection 7c74 7e7 ,public he>+ = high-,impact rules 7#a7 ,petition = public he>+ 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,be=e ! date on :i* ! comm5t p]iod closes ) respect to a propos$ high-impact rule1 an int]e/$ p]son may petition ! ag5cy t propos$ ! rule to hold a public he>+ 9 accordance ) ?is subsection4 7,b7 ,grant+ & d5ial ( petition 7i7 ,grant+ ( petition ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date on :i* an ag5cy receives a petition submitt$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 ) respect to a rule1 ! ag5cy %all grant ! petition1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 if ! petition %[s t-- 7,i7 ! propos$ rule is bas$ on conclusions ) respect to #a or m specific sci5tific1 te*nical1 economic1 or o!r complex factual issues t are g5u9ely disput$2 7,,ii7 ) respect to a rule t ! ag5cy is requir$ to reissue n less frequ5tly ?an once e #c ye>s1 ! int]e/$ p]son submitt+ ! petition c\ld n h rais$ ! disput$ factual issues describ$ 9 subclause 7,i7 dur+ ! #e-ye> p]iod prec$+ ! date on :i* ! petition is submitt$2 & 7,,iii7 ! resolution ( ! disput$ factual issues describ$ 9 subclause 7,i7 w\ld likely h an effect on-- 7aa7 ! co/s & b5efits ( ! propos$ rule2 or 7bb7 :e!r ! propos$ rule a*ieves relevant /atutory objectives1 includ+ ! objectives ( ! /atutory provision on :i* ! rulemak+ relies4 7ii7 ,d5ial ( petition ,if an ag5cy d5ies a petition submitt$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ! ag5cy %all include 9 ! rulemak+ record an explanation = ! d5ial t is suffici5t = judicial review1 includ+-- 7,i7 f9d+s by ! ag5cy t-- 7aa7 !re is no g5u9e dispute z to ! factual issues rais$ by ! petition2 or 7bb7 ) respect to a rule t ! ag5cy is requir$ to reissue n less frequ5tly ?an once e #c ye>s1 ! int]e/$ p]son submitt+ ! petition c\ld h rais$ ! disput$ factual issues 9 ! petition dur+ ! #e-ye> p]iod prec$+ ! date on :i* ! petition is submitt$2 & 7,,ii7 a reason$ det]m9ation by ! ag5cy t ! factual issues rais$ by ! petition1 ev5 if subject to g5u9e dispute & n subject to subclause 7,i77bb71 w n h an effect on-- 7aa7 ! co/s & b5efits ( ! propos$ rule2 or 7bb7 :e!r ! propos$ rule a*ieves relevant /atutory objectives1 includ+ ! objectives ( ! /atutory provision on :i* ! rulemak+ relies4 7iii7 ,inclusion 9 ! record ,a petition submitt$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 ) respect to a high-impact rule & ! decision ( an ag5cy ) respect to ! petition %all be includ$ 9 ! rulemak+ record4 7#b7 ,notice ( he>+ ,n lat] ?an #de days be=e ! date on :i* a he>+ is held "u ?is subsection1 an ag5cy %all publi% 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] a notice specify+-- 7,a7 ! propos$ rule to be consid]$ at ! he>+2 & 7,b7 ! factual issues to be consid]$ at ! he>+4 7#c7 ,he>+ requirem5ts 7,a7 ,limit$ nature ( he>+ ,a he>+ held "u ?is subsection %all be limit$ to-- 7i7 ! specific factual issues rais$ 9 a petition grant$ 9 :ole or 9 "p "u p>agraph 7#a72 & 7ii7 any o!r factual issues ! resolution ( :i* an ag5cy1 9 ! discretion ( ! ag5cy1 det]m9es w advance consid]ation by ! ag5cy ( ! propos$ rule4 7,b7 ,proc$ures 7i7 ,burd5 ( pro( ,except z o!rwise provid$ by /atute1 a propon5t ( a rule has ! burd5 ( pro( 9 a he>+ held "u ?is subsection4 7ii7 ,admission ( evid5ce ,9 a he>+ held "u ?is subsection1 any docum5t>y or oral evid5ce may be receiv$1 except t an ag5cy1 z a matt] ( policy1 %all provide = ! exclusion ( immat]ial or unduly repetiti\s evid5ce4 7iii7 ,adoption ( rules gov]n+ he>+s ,to gov]n a he>+ held "u ?is subsection1 ea* ag5cy %all adopt rules t provide =-- 7,i7 ! appo9tm5t ( an ag5cy (ficial or adm9i/rative law judge to preside at ! he>+2 7,,ii7 ! pres5tation by int]e/$ p>ties ( relevant docum5t>y or oral evid5ce1 unless ! evid5ce is immat]ial or unduly repetiti\s2 7,,iii7 a reasonable & adequate opportunity = cross-exam9ation by int]e/$ p>ties conc]n+ g5u9ely disput$ factual issues rais$ by ! petition1 provid$ t1 9 ! case ( multiple int]e/$ p>ties ) ! same or simil> int]e/s1 ! ag5cy may require ! use ( common c\nsel :]e ! common c\nsel may adequately repres5t ! int]e/s t w be significantly affect$ by ! propos$ rule2 & 7,,iv7 :5 appropriate1 & to ! ext5t practicable1 ! consolidation ( proce$+s ) respect to multiple petitions submitt$ "u ?is subsection into a s+le he>+4 7,c7 ,record ( he>+ ,a transcript ( te/imony & exhibits1 toge!r ) all pap]s & reque/s fil$ 9 ! he>+1 %all con/itute ! exclusive record = decision ( ! factual issues address$ 9 a he>+ held "u ?is subsection4 7#d7 ,judicial review 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,failure to petition = a he>+ "u ?is subsection %all n preclude judicial review ( any claim t c\ld h be5 rais$ 9 ! he>+ petition or at ! he>+4 7,b7 ,tim+ ( judicial review ,!re %all be no judicial review ( ! disposition ( a petition by an ag5cy "u ?is subsection until judicial review ( ! f9al action ( ! ag5cy4 7f7 ,f9al rules 7#a7 ,net b5efits ( major or high-impact rule 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 9 a rulemak+ = a major rule or a high-impact rule1 an ag5cy %all adopt ! alt]native consid]$ "u subsection 7b77#e7 t maximizes net b5efits1 tak+ into consid]ation only ! co/s & b5efits t arise )9 ! scope ( ! /atutory provision t au?orizes ! rulemak+4 7,b7 ,exceptions ,9 a rulemak+ = a major rule or a high-impact rule1 an ag5cy may adopt an alt]native o!r ?an z requir$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 only if-- 7i7 ! ,adm9i/rator approves ! adoption by ! ag5cy ( ! alt]native2 & 7ii7 ! alt]native is adopt$ to-- 7,i7 acc\nt = co/s or b5efits t _c be quantifi$1 includ+ co/s or b5efits relat$ to con/itutional or civil rights1 provid$ t ! ag5cy id5tifies all su* co/s & b5efits & expla9s :y ^? co/s & b5efits ju/ify ! adoption ( ! alt]native2 or 7,,ii7 a*ieve additional b5efits or co/ r$uctions1 provid$ t ! ag5cy-- 7aa7 id5tifies-- 7,,aa7 all su* additional b5efits & ! associat$ co/s ( ^? b5efits2 & 7,,bb7 all su* co/ r$uctions & ! associat$ b5efits ( ^? co/ r$uctions2 & 7bb7 expla9s :y-- 7,,aa7 ! additional b5efits ju/ify ! additional co/s2 or 7,,bb7 ! additional co/ r$uctions ju/ify any b5efits =egone4 7,c7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 may be con/ru$ to preclude an ag5cy f includ+ 9 an alt]native adopt$ pursuant to su* subp>agraph *anges made z a result ( ag5cy analysis or review p]=m$ "u *apt] #f ( ?is title4 7#b7 ,publication ( notice ( f9al rulemak+ ,aft] submitt+ a f9al rule to ! ,adm9i/rator = review & obta9+ a c]tification f ! ,adm9i/rator t ! review has conclud$1 ! ag5cy %all publi% a notice ( f9al rulemak+ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]1 :i* %all include-- 7,a7 a concise1 g5]al /atem5t ( ! basis & purpose ( ! rule & a ref]5ce to ! legal au?ority "u :i* ! rule is made1 includ+ ! specific /atutory provision on :i* ! rulemak+ relies2 7,b7 a reason$ det]m9ation by ! ag5cy reg>d+ ! consid]ations describ$ 9 subsection 7b72 7,c7 a response to ea* significant issue rais$ 9 ! comm5ts on ! propos$ rule2 & 7,d7 ) respect to a major rule or a high-impact rule1 a reason$ det]m9ation by ! ag5cy t-- 7i7 ! b5efits ( ! rule advance ! relevant objectives ( ! /atutory provision on :i* ! rulemak+ relies & ju/ify ! co/s ( ! rule2 & 7ii7 7,i7 no o!r alt]native consid]$ w\ld a*ieve ! relevant objectives ( ! /atutory provision on :i* ! rulemak+ relies 9 a mann] t m greatly maximizes net b5efits z requir$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,a72 or 7,,ii7 ! adoption by ! ag5cy ( a m co/ly or less co/ly rule complies ) p>agraph 7#a77;,b74 7#c7 ,in=mation quality ,if an ag5cy rulemak+ re/s ^u sci5tific1 te*nical1 or economic in=mation1 ! ag5cy %all-- 7,a7 adopt a f9al rule on ! basis ( ! be/ reasonably available sci5tific1 te*nical1 or economic in=mation2 & 7,b7 to ! maximum ext5t practicable1 use t in=mation 9 compliance ) ! guidel9es issu$ "u section #eae ( ! ,treasury & ,g5]al ,gov]nm5t ,appropriations ,act1 #bjja 7,public ,law #ajf-eed2 #aad ,/at4 #bgfc;,a-#aed74 7#d7 ,accessibility 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an ! date on :i* an ag5cy publi%es a notice ( f9al rulemak+ "u p>agraph 7#b71 all /udies1 models1 sci5tific lit]ature1 & o!r in=mation develop$ or reli$ ^u by ! ag5cy1 & actions tak5 by ! ag5cy to obta9 t in=mation1 9 connection ) ! det]m9ation ( ! ag5cy to f9alize ! rule t is ! subject ( ! rulemak+ %all be plac$ 9 ! docket = ! rule & made accessible to ! public4 7,b7 ,in=mation controll$ by nongov]nm5tal p]son ,) respect to any in=mation to :i* a nongov]nm5tal p]son holds a legal "r to prohibit or limit reproduction1 di/ribution1 or public display1 ! in=mation %all be-- 7i7 plac$ 9 ! docket ?r\gh citation or incorporation by ref]5ce1 includ+ a specification ( ! id5tity ( ! nongov]nm5tal p]son :o holds a legal "r to prohibit or limit reproduction1 di/ribution1 or public display ( ! in=mation & ! means by :i* a memb] ( ! public may reque/ a full copy ( ! in=mation f t hold]2 & 7ii7 consid]$ made accessible to ! public aft] a placem5t describ$ 9 clause 7i71 provid$ t ! nongov]nm5tal p]son :o holds a legal "r to prohibit or limit reproduction1 di/ribution1 or public display ( ! in=mation makes ! in=mation reasonably available ^u reque/ 9 a timely mann]4 7,c7 ,exception ,subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,b7 %all n apply ) respect to in=mation t is exempt f disclosure "u section #eeb7;b74 7#e7 ,rules adopt$ at ! end ( a ,presid5tial adm9i/ration 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,dur+ ! #fj-;day p]iod beg9n+ on a transitional inauguration day 7z def9$ 9 section #ccdi;a71 ) respect to any f9al rule t _h be5 plac$ on file = public inspection by ! ,(fice ( ! ,f$]al ,regi/] or publi%$ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] z ( ! date ( ! inauguration1 b :i* _h n become effective by ! date ( ! inauguration1 ! ag5cy issu+ ! rule may1 by ord]1 delay ! effective date ( ! rule = n m ?an #ij days = ! purpose ( obta9+ public comm5t on :e!r-- 7i7 ! rule %\ld be am5d$ or resc9d$2 or 7ii7 ! effective date ( ! rule %\ld be fur!r delay$4 7,b7 ,opportunity = comm5t ,if an ag5cy delays ! effective date ( a rule "u subp>agraph 7,a71 ! ag5cy %all give ! public n less ?an #cj days to submit comm5ts4 7g7 ,applicability 7#a7 ,primacy ( c]ta9 rulemak+ consid]ations & proc$ures 9 o!r f$]al laws 7,a7 ,consid]ations ,if a rulemak+ is au?oriz$ "u a ,f$]al law t requires an ag5cy to consid]1 or prohibits an ag5cy f consid]+1 a factor 9 a mann] t is inconsi/5t )1 or t conflicts )1 ! requirem5ts "u ?is section1 = ! purposes ( ?is section1 ! requirem5t or prohibition1 z applicable1 9 t o!r ,f$]al law %all apply to ! ag5cy 9 ! rulemak+4 7,b7 ,proc$ural requirem5ts ,if a rulemak+ is au?oriz$ "u a ,f$]al law t requires an ag5cy to foll[ or use1 or prohibits an ag5cy f foll[+ or us+1 a proc$ure 9 a mann] t is duplicative (1 or t conflicts )1 a proc$ural requirem5t "u ?is section1 = ! purposes ( ?is section1 ! requirem5t or prohibition1 z applicable1 9 t o!r ,f$]al law %all apply to ! ag5cy 9 ! rulemak+4 7#b7 ,guidance & rules ( organization ,except z o!rwise provid$ by law1 ?is section %all n apply to guidance or rules ( ag5cy organization1 proc$ure1 or practice4 7#c7 ,exceptions = good cause 7,a7 ,f9d+ ( good cause 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,if an ag5cy = good cause f9ds t compliance ) subsection 7c71 7d71 7e71 or 7f77#b77;,b7 be=e issu+ a f9al rule is unnecess>y1 impracticable1 or contr>y to ! public int]e/1 t subsection %all n apply & ! ag5cy may issue ! f9al rule or an int]im f9al rule1 z applicable1 "u subp>agraph 7,b7 or 7,c74 7ii7 ,incorporation ( good cause f9d+ ,if an ag5cy makes a f9d+ "u clause 7i71 ! ag5cy %all include t f9d+ & a brief /atem5t ) respect to ! reasons = t f9d+ 9 ! f9al rule or int]im f9al rule1 z applicable1 issu$ by ! ag5cy4 7,b7 ,direct f9al rules 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 clause 7ii71 if an ag5cy makes a f9d+ "u subp>agraph 7,a77i7 t compliance ) subsection 7c71 7d71 7e71 or 7f77#b77;,b7 be=e issu+ a f9al rule is unnecess>y1 ! ag5cy %all1 be=e issu+ ! f9al rule-- 7,i7 publi% 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] ! text ( ! f9al rule1 ! brief /atem5t requir$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77ii71 & a notice ( opportunity = public comm5t2 7,,ii7 e/abli% a comm5t p]iod ( n less ?an #cj days = any int]e/$ p]son to submit writt5 mat]ial1 data1 views1 or argum5ts ) respect to ! f9al rule2 & 7,,iii7 provide notice ( ! date on :i* ! rule w take effect4 7ii7 ,exception ,an ag5cy t made a f9d+ describ$ 9 clause 7i7 may *oose n to foll[ ! requirem5ts "u t clause if ! ag5cy det]m9es t foll[+ ! requirem5ts w\ld n exp$ite ! issuance ( ! f9al rule4 7iii7 ,adv]se comm5ts ,if an ag5cy receives significant adv]se comm5ts ) respect to a rule dur+ ! comm5t p]iod e/abli%$ "u clause 7i77,,ii71 ! ag5cy %all-- 7,i7 )draw ! notice ( f9al rulemak+ publi%$ by ! ag5cy ) respect to ! rule2 & 7,,ii7 complete rulemak+ 9 accordance ) subsections 7c7 ?r\gh 7f71 z applicable4 7,c7 ,int]im f9al rules 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,if an ag5cy = good cause f9ds t compliance ) subsection 7c71 7d71 7e71 or 7f77#b77;,b7 be=e issu+ a f9al rule is impracticable or contr>y to ! public int]e/1 ! ag5cy %all issue an int]im f9al rule by-- 7,i7 publi%+ ! int]im f9al rule & a reque/ = public comm5t 9 ! portion ( ! ,f$]al ,regi/] relat+ to f9al rules2 & 7,,ii7 provid+ a cross-ref]5ce 9 ! portion ( ! ,f$]al ,regi/] relat+ to propos$ rules t reque/s public comm5t ) respect to ! rule n lat] ?an #fj days aft] ! rule is publi%$ "u subclause 7,i74 7ii7 ,int]im p]iod 7,i7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date on :i* an ag5cy issues an int]im f9al rule "u clause 7i71 ! ag5cy %all-- 7aa7 resc9d ! int]im rule2 7bb7 initiate rulemak+ 9 accordance ) subsections 7c7 ?r\gh 7f72 or 7cc7 take f9al action to adopt a f9al rule4 7,,ii7 ,no =ce or effect ,if1 z ( ! end ( ! #ahj-;day p]iod describ$ 9 subclause 7,i71 an ag5cy fails to take an action describ$ 9 item 7aa71 7bb71 or 7cc7 ( t subclause1 ! int]im f9al rule issu$ by ! ag5cy %all h no =ce or effect4 7#d7 ,exemption = monet>y policy ,?is section %all n apply to a rulemak+ or to guidance t conc]ns monet>y policy propos$ or implem5t$ by ! ,bo>d ( ,gov]nors ( ! ,f$]al ,res]ve ,sy/em or ! ,f$]al ,op5 ,m>ket ,committee4 7#e7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is subsection %all be con/ru$ to modify1 alt]1 or abridge exclusive rights held pursuant to title #ag4 7h7 ,date ( publication ,a f9al rule1 a direct f9al rule describ$ 9 subsection 7g77#c77;,b71 or an int]im f9al rule describ$ 9 subsection 7g77#c77;,c7 %all be publi%$ n lat] ?an #cj days 7or1 9 ! case ( a major rule or a high-impact rule1 n lat] ?an #fj days7 be=e ! effective date ( ! rule1 except-- 7#a7 = guidance2 or 7#b7 z o!rwise provid$ by an ag5cy = good cause & z publi%$ ) ! rule4 7i7 ,"r ,to petition & review ( rules ,ea* ag5cy %all-- 7#a7 give int]e/$ p]sons ! "r to petition = ! issuance1 am5dm5t1 or repeal ( a rule2 & 7#b7 on a cont9u+ basis1 invite int]e/$ p]sons to submit1 by electronic means1 sugge/ions = rules t w>rant retrospective review & possible modification or repeal4 7j7 ,rulemak+ guidel9es 7#a7 ,assessm5t ( rules 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,adm9i/rator %all e/abli% guidel9es reg>d+ rulemak+ z foll[s3 7i7 ,id5tification ( ne$ = rules ,guidel9es sett+ =? h[ ne$s = rulemak+ %\ld be id5tifi$1 includ+-- 7,i7 :e!r rulemak+ is made necess>y by compell+ public ne$1 su* z mat]ial failures ( private m>kets or public in/itutions to protect or improve ! heal? & safety ( ! public1 ! environm5t1 or ! well-be+ ( ! public2 & 7,,ii7 :e!r rulemak+ ne$s c\ld be less5$ by reliance on pot5tial ,/ate1 local1 ,tribal1 or regional regulatory action or o!r responses t c\ld be tak5 9 lieu ( ag5cy action4 7ii7 ,assessm5t ( rules ,guidel9es sett+ =? h[ ! assessm5t1 includ+ ! quantitative & qualitative assessm5t1 ( propos$ & f9al rules %\ld occur1 includ+ h[ to det]m9e-- 7,i7 ! co/s & b5efits ( propos$ & f9al rules & alt]natives to !m1 includ+ quantifiable & non-quantifiable co/s & b5efits2 7,,ii7 :e!r propos$ & f9al rules maximize net b5efits2 7,,iii7 e/imat$ impacts on jobs1 wages1 competition1 innovation1 & l[-income populations2 7,,iv7 o!r economic issues t are relevant to rulemak+ "u ?is section or o!r sections ( ?is "p2 & 7,v7 risk assessm5ts t are relevant to rulemak+ "u ?is section & o!r sections ( ?is "p4 7iii7 ,numb]s ( alt]natives ,guidel9es reg>d+ :5 x may be reasonable to consid] 9 a rulemak+ m alt]natives ?an ! numb] presum$ to be reasonable "u subsection 7b77#d74 7iv7 ,adoption ( alt]natives = major or high-impact rules ,guidel9es reg>d+ :5 x may be appropriate1 9 a rulemak+ = a major or high-impact rule1 to adopt an alt]native f9al rule "u subsection 7f77#a77;,b74 7v7 ,adm9i/rator review ,guidel9es reg>d+ ! effici5t submission & review ( propos$ & f9al rules "u subsections 7c77#a7 & 7f77#b740 7,b7 ,ag5cy analysis ( rules 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,! rigor ( ! co/-b5efit analysis requir$ or recomm5d$ by ! guidel9es e/abli%$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be comm5surate1 z det]m9$ by ! ,adm9i/rator1 ) ! economic impact ( a rule4 7ii7 ,risk assessm5t guidel9es ,guidel9es = a risk assessm5t describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a77iv7 %all include crit]ia =-- 7,i7 select+ /udies & models2 7,,ii7 evaluat+ & weigh+ evid5ce2 & 7,,iii7 conduct+ pe] reviews4 7,c7 ,updat+ guidel9es ,n less frequ5tly ?an once e #aj ye>s1 ! ,adm9i/rator %all update ! guidel9es e/abli%$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 to enable ea* ag5cy to use ! be/ available te*niques to id5tify1 quantify1 & evaluate ! ne$ = rulemak+ & pres5t & future b5efits1 co/s1 o!r economic issues1 & risks z objectively & accurately z practicable4 7#b7 ,simplification ( rules 7,a7 ,issuance ( guidel9es ,! ,adm9i/rator %all issue guidel9es to promote coord9ation1 simplification1 & h>monization ( ag5cy rules dur+ ! rulemak+ process4 7,b7 ,requirem5ts ,! guidel9es issu$ by ! ,adm9i/rator "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all advise ea* ag5cy to-- 7i7 avoid rules t are inconsi/5t or incompatible )1 or duplicative (1 o!r regulations ( ! ag5cy & ^? ( o!r ag5cies2 & 7ii7 draft ! rules ( ! ag5cy to be simple & easy to und]/&1 ) ! goal ( m9imiz+ ! pot5tial = unc]ta9ty & litigation aris+ f ! unc]ta9ty4 7#c7 ,consi/5cy 9 rulemak+ 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,to promote consi/5cy 9 rulemak+1 ! ,adm9i/rator %all-- 7i7 issue guidel9es to ensure t rulemak+ conduct$ 9 :ole or 9 "p "u proc$ures specifi$ 9 provisions ( law o!r ?an ^? "u ?is section con=m ) ! proc$ures set =? 9 ?is section to ! fulle/ ext5t all[$ by law2 & 7ii7 issue guidel9es = ! adoption ( rules "u subsection 7e77#c77;,b77iii71 :i* %all provide a reasonable opportunity = cross-exam9ation1 z describ$ 9 subsection 7e77#c77;,b77iii77,,iii74 7,b7 ,ag5cy adoption ( regulations ,ea* ag5cy %all adopt regulations = ! conduct ( he>+s consi/5t ) ! guidel9es issu$ "u ?is p>agraph4 7k7 ,ag5cy guidance2 proc$ures ,to issue major guidance2 au?ority ,to issue guidel9es = issuance ( guidance 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,ag5cy guidance %all-- 7,a7 n be us$ by an ag5cy to =eclose consid]ation ( issues z to :i* ! guidance expresses a conclusion2 7,b7 /ate t ! guidance is n legally b9d+2 & 7,c7 at ! "t ! guidance is issu$1 or ^u reque/1 be made available by ! issu+ ag5cy to int]e/$ p]sons & ! public4 7#b7 ,proc$ures to issue major guidance ,be=e issu+ any major guidance1 an ag5cy %all make & docum5t a reason$ det]m9ation t-- 7,a7 su* guidance is und]/&able & complies ) relevant /atutory objectives & regulatory provisions2 & 7,b7 id5tifies ! co/s & b5efits1 includ+ all co/s & b5efits to be consid]$ dur+ a rulemak+ z requir$ "u subsection 7b71 ( requir+ conduct con=m+ to su* guidance & assures t su* b5efits ju/ify su* co/s4 7#c7 ,issuance ( updat$ guidance 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,adm9i/rator %all issue updat$ guidel9es = use by ag5cies 9 ! issuance ( guidance docum5ts4 7,b7 ,requirem5ts ,! guidel9es issu$ by ! ,adm9i/rator "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all advise ea* ag5cy-- 7i7 n to issue guidance docum5ts t are inconsi/5t or incompatible )1 or duplicative (1 o!r rules ( ! ag5cy & ^? ( o!r ag5cies2 7ii7 to draft ! guidance docum5ts ( ! ag5cy to be simple & easy to und]/&1 ) ! goal ( m9imiz+ ! pot5tial = unc]ta9ty & litigation aris+ f ! unc]ta9ty2 & 7iii7 h[ to develop & implem5t a /rategy to ensure ! prop] use ( guidance by ! ag5cy4 7l7 ,major rule & high-,impact rule frameworks 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,beg9n+ on ! date t is #ahj days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is subsection1 :5 an ag5cy publi%es 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]-- 7,a7 a propos$ major rule or a propos$ high-impact rule1 ! ag5cy %all include a pot5tial framework = assess+ ! rule1 :i* %all include a g5]al /atem5t ( h[ ! ag5cy int5ds to measure ! effectiv5ess ( ! rule2 or 7,b7 a f9al major rule or a f9al high-impact rule1 ! ag5cy %all include a framework = assess+ ! rule "u p>agraph 7#b71 :i* %all include-- 7i7 a cle> /atem5t ( ! regulatory objectives ( ! rule1 includ+ a summ>y ( ! b5efit & co/ ( ! rule2 7ii7 ! me?odology by :i* ! ag5cy plans to analyze ! rule1 includ+ metrics by :i* ! ag5cy c measure-- 7,i7 ! effectiv5ess & b5efits ( ! rule 9 produc+ ! regulatory objectives ( ! rule2 & 7,,ii7 ! impacts1 includ+ any co/s1 ( ! rule on regulat$ & o!r impact$ entities2 7iii7 a plan = ga!r+ data reg>d+ ! metrics describ$ 9 clause 7ii7 on an ongo+ basis1 or at p]iodic times1 includ+ a me?od by :i* ! ag5cy w invite ! public to p>ticipate 9 ! review process & seek input f o!r ag5cies2 & 7iv7 a specific timeframe1 z appropriate to ! rule & n m ?an #aj ye>s aft] ! effective date ( ! rule1 "u :i* ! ag5cy %all conduct ! assessm5t ( ! rule 9 accordance ) p>agraph 7#b77;,a74 7#b7 ,assessm5t 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* ag5cy %all assess ! data collect$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,b77iii71 us+ ! me?odology set =? 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,b77ii7 or any o!r appropriate me?odology develop$ aft] ! issuance ( a f9al major rule or a f9al high-impact rule to bett] det]m9e :e!r ! regulatory objective 0 a*iev$1 ) respect to ! rule-- 7i7 to analyze h[ ! actual b5efits & co/s ( ! rule may h v>i$ f ^? anticipat$ at ! "t ! rule 0 issu$2 & 7ii7 to det]m9e :e!r-- 7,i7 ! rule is accompli%+ ! regulatory objective ( ! rule2 7,,ii7 ! rule has be5 r5d]$ unnecess>y1 tak+ into consid]ation-- 7aa7 *anges 9 ! subject area affect$ by ! rule2 & 7bb7 :e!r ! rule ov]laps1 duplicates1 or conflicts )-- 7,,aa7 o!r rules2 or 7,,bb7 to ! ext5t feasible1 ,/ate & local gov]nm5t regulations2 7,,iii7 ! rule ne$s to be modifi$ 9 ord] to accompli% ! regulatory objective2 & 7,,iv7 o!r alt]natives to ! rule or modification ( ! rule c\ld bett] a*ieve ! regulatory objective :ile impos+ a small] burd5 on society or increase co/-effectiv5ess1 tak+ into consid]ation any co/ already incurr$4 7,b7 ,diff]5t me?odology ,if an ag5cy uses a me?odology o!r ?an ! me?odology "u p>agraph 7#a77;,b77ii7 to assess data "u subp>agraph 7,a71 ! ag5cy %all include z "p ( ! notice requir$ to be publi%$ "u subp>agraph 7,d7 an explanation ( ! *anges 9 circum/ances t necessitat$ ! use ( t o!r me?odology4 7,c7 ,subsequ5t assessm5ts 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 clause 7ii71 if1 aft] an assessm5t ( a major rule or a high-impact rule "u subp>agraph 7,a71 an ag5cy det]m9es t ! rule w rema9 9 effect ) or )\t modification1 ! ag5cy %all-- 7,i7 det]m9e a specific "t1 z appropriate to ! rule & n m ?an #aj ye>s aft] ! date on :i* ! ag5cy completes ! assessm5t1 "u :i* ! ag5cy %all conduct ano!r assessm5t ( ! rule 9 accordance ) subp>agraph 7,a72 & 7,,ii7 if ! assessm5t conduct$ "u subclause 7,i7 does n result 9 a repeal ( ! rule1 p]iodically assess ! rule 9 accordance ) subp>agraph 7,a7 to ensure t ! rule cont9ues to meet ! regulatory objective4 7ii7 ,exemption ,! ,adm9i/rator may exempt an ag5cy f conduct+ a subsequ5t assessm5t ( a rule "u clause 7i7 if ! ,adm9i/rator det]m9es t !re is a =eseeable & app>5t ne$ = ! rule beyond ! timeframe requir$ "u clause 7i77,i74 7,d7 ,publication ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date on :i* an ag5cy completes an assessm5t ( a major rule or a high-impact rule "u subp>agraph 7,a71 ! ag5cy %all publi% a notice ( availability ( ! results ( ! assessm5t 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]1 includ+ ! specific "t = any subsequ5t assessm5t ( ! rule "u subp>agraph 7,c77i71 if applicable4 7#c7 ,,oira ov]sight ,! ,adm9i/rator %all-- 7,a7 issue guidance = ag5cies reg>d+ ! developm5t ( ! framework "u p>agraph 7#a7 & ! conduct ( ! assessm5ts "u p>agraph 7#b77;,a72 7,b7 ov]see ! timely compliance ( ag5cies ) ?is subsection2 7,c7 ensure t ! results ( ea* assessm5t conduct$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,a7 are-- 7i7 publi%$ promptly on a c5traliz$ ,f$]al website2 & 7ii7 notic$ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] 9 accordance ) p>agraph 7#b77;,d72 7,d7 ensure t ag5cies /reaml9e & coord9ate ! assessm5t ( major rules or high-impact rules ) simil> or relat$ regulatory objectives2 7,e7 exempt an ag5cy f includ+ ! framework requir$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,b7 :5 publi%+ a f9al major rule or a f9al high-impact rule if ! ,adm9i/rator det]m9es t compliance ) p>agraph 7#a77;,b7 is unnecess>y1 impracticable1 or contr>y to ! public int]e/1 z describ$ 9 subsection 7g77#c77;,a77i72 & 7,f7 ext5d ! deadl9e specifi$ by an ag5cy = an assessm5t ( a major rule or a high-impact rule "u p>agraph 7#a77;,b77iv7 or p>agraph 7#b77;,c77i77,i7 = a p]iod ( n m ?an #ij days if ! ag5cy ju/ifies :y ! ag5cy is unable to complete ! assessm5t by t deadl9e4 7#d7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is subsection %all be con/ru$ to affect-- 7,a7 ! au?ority ( an ag5cy to assess or modify a major rule or a high-impact rule ( ! ag5cy e>li] ?an ! end ( ! timeframe specifi$ = ! rule "u p>agraph 7#a77;,b77iv72 or 7,b7 any o!r provision ( law t requires an ag5cy to conduct retrospective reviews ( rules issu$ by ! ag5cy4 7#e7 ,applicability 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,?is subsection %all n apply to-- 7i7 a major rule or a high-impact rule ( an ag5cy-- 7,i7 t ! ,adm9i/rator review$ be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is subsection2 7,,ii7 = :i* ! ag5cy is requir$ to conduct a retrospective review "u any o!r provision ( law t meets or exce$s ! requirem5ts ( ?is subsection1 z det]m9$ by ! ,adm9i/rator2 or 7,,iii7 = :i* ! au?oriz+ /atute is subject to p]iodic reau?orization by ,congress n less frequ5tly ?an once e #aj ye>s2 7ii7 guidance2 7iii7 r\t9e & adm9i/rative rules2 or 7iv7 a rule t is review$ "u section #bbbb ( ! ,economic ,gr[? & ,regulatory ,pap]work ,r$uction ,act ( #aiif 7#ab ,u4,s4,c4 #ccaa74 7,b7 ,direct & int]im f9al major rule or high-impact rule ,9 ! case ( a major rule or a high-impact rule ( an ag5cy = :i* ! ag5cy is n requir$ to issue a notice ( propos$ rulemak+ 9 response to an em]g5cy or a /atutorily impos$ deadl9e1 ! ag5cy %all publi% ! framework requir$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,b7 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date on :i* ! ag5cy publi%es ! rule4 7#f7 ,recomm5dations to ,congress ,if1 "u an assessm5t conduct$ "u p>agraph 7#b71 an ag5cy det]m9es t a major rule or a high-impact rule %\ld be modifi$ or repeal$1 ! ag5cy may submit to ,congress recomm5dations = legislation to am5d applicable provisions ( law if ! ag5cy is prohibit$ f modify+ or repeal+ ! rule "u ano!r provision ( law4 7#g7 ,judicial review 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,judicial review ( ag5cy compliance ) ?is subsection is limit$ to :e!r an ag5cy-- 7i7 publi%$ ! framework = assessm5t ( a major rule or a high-impact rule 9 accordance ) p>agraph 7#a72 or 7ii7 complet$ & publi%$ ! requir$ assessm5t ( a major rule or a high-impact rule 9 accordance ) subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,d7 ( p>agraph 7#b74 7,b7 ,rem$y available ,9 grant+ relief 9 an action br\ght "u subp>agraph 7,a71 a c\rt may only issue an ord] rem&+ ! major rule or ! high-impact rule1 z applicable1 to ! ag5cy to comply ) p>agraph 7#a7 or subp>agraph 7,a7 or 7,d7 ( p>agraph 7#b71 z applicable4 7,c7 ,effective date ( major or high-impact rule ,if1 9 an action br\ght "u subp>agraph 7,a77i71 a c\rt det]m9es t ! ag5cy did n comply1 ! major rule or ! high-impact rule1 z applicable1 %all take effect not)/&+ any ord] issu$ by ! c\rt4 7m7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be con/ru$ to limit ! scope ( ! au?ority ( ! ,(fice ( ,in=mation & ,regulatory ,affairs "u sub*apt] ,i ( *apt] #ce ( title #dd1 section #eae ( ! ,treasury & ,g5]al ,gov]nm5t ,appropriations ,act1 #bjja 7,public ,law #ajf-eed2 #aad ,/at4 #bgfc;,a-#aed71 *apt] #h ( ?is title1 or any o!r law or ,executive ,ord]4 4 #d4 ,scope ( review ,section #gjf ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce ( ! matt] prec$+ p>agraph 7#a71 by /rik+ ,to ! ext5t necess>y & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,to ! ext5t necess>y 2 & 7#b7 9 subsection 7a71 z s designat$-- 7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#a71 by /rik+ & at ! end2 7,b7 9 p>agraph 7#b7-- 7i7 9 ! matt] prec$+ subp>agraph 7,a71 by ins]t+ 1 or1 :5 appropriate1 rem& a matt] to an ag5cy )\t sett+ aside1 aft] set aside2 & 7ii7 9 subp>agraph 7,f71 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ 2 &2 & 7,c7 by /rik+ ! flu% text foll[+ p>agraph 7#b77;,f7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7#c7 ) respect to ! review ( a high-impact rule1 z def9$ 9 section #eea7af71 det]m9e :e!r ! factual f9d+s ( ! ag5cy issu+ ! rule are support$ by sub/antial evid5ce4 7b7 ,review ( entire record2 prejudicial error ,9 mak+ a det]m9ation "u subsection 7a71 ! c\rt %all review ! :ole record or ^? p>ts ( ! record cit$ by a p>ty1 & due acc\nt %all be tak5 ( ! rule ( prejudicial error4 7c7 ,preclusion ( review 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,any action or inaction ( ! ,adm9i/rator "u sub*apt] ,,ii ( *apt] #e1 except sections #eeb & #eeb;a1 %all n be subject to judicial review4 7#b7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,! preclusion ( judicial review "u ?is subsection %all n be con/ru$ or us$ to con/rue any o!r provision ( law to provide any cause ( action aga9/ ! ,adm9i/rator1 except z explicitly provid$ by law4 7d7 ,review ( c]ta9 guidance ,ag5cy guidance t does n int]pret a /atute or rule may be review$ only "u subsection 7a77#b77;,d74 7e7 ,ag5cy int]pretation ( rules ,! weight t a review+ c\rt gives an int]pretation by an ag5cy ( a rule ( t ag5cy %all dep5d on ! ?or\ghness evid5t 9 ! consid]ation ( ! rule by ! ag5cy1 ! validity ( ! reason+ ( ! ag5cy1 & ! consi/5cy ( ! int]pretation ) e>li] & lat] pron\ncem5ts4 4 #e4 ,add$ def9itions ,section #gja7;b7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,h71 by /rik+ & at ! end2 7#b7 9 p>agraph 7#b7-- 7,a7 by ins]t+ guidance1 aft] relief12 & 7,b7 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ 2 &2 & 7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7#c7 sub/antial evid5ce means su* relevant evid5ce z a reasonable m9d might accept z adequate to support a conclusion 9 light ( ! record consid]$ z a :ole4 4 #f4 ,application ,! am5dm5ts made by ?is ,act to sections #eec1 #gja7;b71 & #gjf ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 %all n apply to any rulemak+1 z def9$ 9 section #eea ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section #b ( ?is ,act1 t is p5d+ or complet$ z ( ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 #g4 ,rule ( con/ruction ) respect to copyrights ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act1 or 9 ! am5dm5ts made by ?is ,act1 may be con/ru$ z alt]+1 modify+1 or abridg+ an exclusive "r grant$ "u title #ag1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 #h4 ,te*nical & con=m+ am5dm5ts 7a7 ,alaska national int]e/ l&s cons]vation act ,section #ajjb7;g77#b7 ( ! ,alaska ,national ,int]e/ ,l&s ,cons]vation ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #cadb7;g77#b77 is am5d$1 9 ! ?ird s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b77;,e7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b77;,e74 7b7 ,ant>ctic m>9e liv+ res\rces conv5tion act ( #aihd ,section #cjh7;c7 ( ! ,ant>ctic ,m>9e ,liv+ ,res\rces ,conv5tion ,act ( #aihd 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #bdcg7;c77 is am5d$1 9 ! ?ird s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b77;,e7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b77;,e74 7c7 ,congressional acc\ntability act ( #aiie ,section #dji ( ! ,congressional ,acc\ntability ,act ( #aiie 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #adji7 is am5d$1 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce-- 7#a7 by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b72 & 7#b7 by /rik+ section #gjf7b77;,b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b77;,b74 7d7 ,consum] product safety act ,section #i7;i7 ( ! ,consum] ,product ,safety ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #bjeh7;i77 is am5d$1 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #eec7;e7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;i74 7e7 ,deep seab$ h>d m9]al res\rces act ,section #cjb7;b7 ( ! ,deep ,seab$ ,h>d ,m9]al ,res\rces ,act 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #adfb7;b77 is am5d$1 9 ! ?ird s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b77;,e7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b77;,e74 7f7 ,def5se production act ( #aiej ,section #gji7;b77#a7 ( ! ,def5se ,production ,act ( #aiej 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #deei7;b77#a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ = n less ?an #cj days1 consi/5t ) ! requirem5ts ( section #eec7;b7 & ins]t+ 9 a mann] consi/5t ) ! requirem5ts ( section #eec7;c74 7g7 ,endang]$ species act ( #aigc ,section #d7;b77#c7 ( ! ,endang]$ ,species ,act ( #aigc 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #aecc7;b77#c77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #eec7;e7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;i72 & 7#b7 9 subp>agraph 7,d77i71 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #eec7;e7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;i74 7h7 ,exp$it$ funds availability act ,section #fji7;a7 ( ! ,exp$it$ ,funds ,availability ,act 7#ab ,u4,s4,c4 #djjh7;a77 is am5d$1 9 ! matt] prec$+ p>agraph 7#a71 by /rik+ section #eec7;c7 & ins]t+ section #eec4 7i7 ,fa/5] quality act ,section #f7;b77#c7 ( ! ,fa/5] ,quality ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #edjh7;b77#c77 is am5d$1 9 ! second s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b74 7j7 ,f$]al food1 drug1 & cosmetic act ,section #iab7;b7 ( ! ,f$]al ,food1 ,drug1 & ,cosmetic ,act 7#ba ,u4,s4,c4 #chgl7b77 is am5d$1 9 ! second s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b77;,a7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b77;,a74 7k7 ,f$]al haz>d\s sub/ances act ,section #c ( ! ,f$]al ,haz>d\s ,sub/ances ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #abfb7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7e77#a71 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ 7o!r ?an clause 7,b7 ( ! la/ s5t5ce ( subsection 7b7 ( su* section7 ( title #e ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,code & ins]t+ ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 o!r ?an subsection 7g77#c7 ( su* section12 & 7#b7 9 subsection 7j71 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #eec7;e7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;i74 7l7 ,f$]al trade commission act ,section #ah7;e7 ( ! ,f$]al ,trade ,commission ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #eg;a7e77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph 7#c71 9 ! second s5t5ce ( ! matt] prec$+ subp>agraph 7,a71 by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b72 & 7#b7 9 p>agraph 7#e77;,c71 9 ! second s5t5ce1 by /rik+ ,section #gjf7b77;,e7 & ins]t+ ,section #gjf7;a77#b77;,e74 7m7 ,flammable fabrics act ,! ,flammable ,fabrics ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #aaia et seq47 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 section #d7k7 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #aaic7k771 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #eec7;e7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;i72 & 7#b7 9 section #af7;c77#b7 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #abjc7;c77#b771 by /rik+ section #eec7;b7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;c74 7n7 ,g5]al education provisions act ,section #daa ( ! ,g5]al ,education ,provisions ,act 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #abba;e-#d7 is am5d$1 9 ! second s5t5ce1 by /rik+ ,not)/&+ ! exception provid$ "u section #eec7;b7 ( title #e1 su* & ins]t+ ,su*4 7o7 ,high seas fi%+ compliance act ( #aiie ,section #ajh7;d7 ( ! ,high ,seas ,fi%+ ,compliance ,act ( #aiie 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #eejg7;d77 is am5d$1 9 ! ?ird s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b74 7p7 ,h\s+ & community developm5t act ( #aiib ,! ,h\s+ & ,community ,developm5t ,act ( #aiib 7#ab ,u4,s4,c4 #deja et seq47 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 section #fdc7;b77#c7 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acfjc7;b77#c771 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ 7not)/&+ subsections 7a77#b71 7b77,b71 & 7d77#c7 ( su* section7 & ins]t+ 7not)/&+ subsections 7a77#b71 7g77#c71 & 7h77#b7 ( su* section72 & 7#b7 9 section #fhe 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acfdc71 9 ! second s5t5ce1 by /rik+ 7not)/&+ subsections 7a77#b71 7b77,b71 & 7d77#c7 ( su* section7 & ins]t+ 7not)/&+ subsections 7a77#b71 7g77#c71 & 7h77#b7 ( su* section74 7q7 ,int]national bank+ act ( #aigh ,section #g7;f77#b7 ( ! ,int]national ,bank+ ,act ( #aigh 7#ab ,u4,s4,c4 #caje7;f77#b77 is am5d$ by /rik+ p>agraph 7#b77;,f7 & ins]t+ subsection 7a77#b77;,f74 7r7 ,magnuson-,/ev5s fi%]y cons]vation & managem5t act ,section #cjh7;b7 ( ! ,magnuson-,/ev5s ,fi%]y ,cons]vation & ,managem5t ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #aheh7;b77 is am5d$1 9 ! ?ird s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b74 7s7 ,m>9e mammal protection act ( #aigb ,section #aji ( ! ,m>9e ,mammal ,protection ,act ( #aigb 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #acgi7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7c77#d71 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 7,a7 ?r\gh 7,e7 ( ,title & ins]t+ subp>agraphs 7,a7 ?r\gh 7,e7 ( section #gjf7;a77#b7 ( title2 & 7#b7 9 subsection 7d77#b71 9 ! second s5t5ce-- 7,a7 by /rik+ ,title & ins]t+ title2 & 7,b7 by /rik+ subsection 7d7 ( su* section #eec & ins]t+ subsection 7h7 ( su* section #eec4 7t7 ,mck9ney-,v5to homeless assi/ance act ,section #dcc ( ! ,mc,kinney-,v5to ,homeless ,assi/ance ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aachg7 is am5d$1 9 ! second s5t5ce1 by /rik+ 7not)/&+ subsections 7a77#b71 7b77,b71 & 7d77#c7 ( su* section7 & ins]t+ 7not)/&+ subsections 7a77#b71 7g77#c71 & 7h77#b7 ( su* section74 7u7 ,migrant & seasonal agricultural work] protection act ,! ,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural ,work] ,protection ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ahja et seq47 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 section #ajc7;c7 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ahac7;c771 9 ! ?ird s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b77;,e7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b77;,e72 & 7#b7 9 section #ejc7;c7 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ahec7;c771 9 ! ?ird s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b77;,e7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b77;,e74 7v7 ,milwaukee railroad re/ructur+ act ,! ,milwaukee ,railroad ,re/ructur+ ,act 7#de ,u4,s4,c4 #ija et seq47 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 section #e7;b77#b7 7#de ,u4,s4,c4 #ijd7;b77#b771 9 ! second s5t5ce1 by /rik+ sections #gjf7b77;,a71 #gjf7b77;,b71 #gjf7b77;,c71 & #gjf7b77;,d7 ( title #e ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,code & ins]t+ subp>agraphs 7,a71 7,b71 7,c71 & 7,d7 ( section #gjf7;a77#b7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code2 & 7#b7 9 section #ag7;b77#b7 7#de ,u4,s4,c4 #iae7;b77#b771 9 ! second s5t5ce1 by /rik+ sections #gjf7b77;,a71 #gjf7b77;,b71 #gjf7b77;,c71 & #gjf7b77;,d7 ( title #e ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,code & ins]t+ subp>agraphs 7,a71 7,b71 7,c71 & 7,d7 ( section #gjf7;a77#b7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7w7 ,native am]ican programs act ( #aigd ,section #had ( ! ,native ,am]ican ,programs ,act ( #aigd 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #biib;b-#a7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7b7-- 7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#a71 9 ! matt] prec$+ subp>agraph 7,a71 by /rik+ ,subp>agraph 7,a7 ( ! la/ s5t5ce ( section #eec7;b7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 %all n apply ) respect to any int]pretative rule or g5]al /atem5t ( policy & ins]t+ ,section #eec7;c7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 %all apply ) respect to guidance2 7,b7 9 p>agraph 7#b7-- 7i7 9 ! matt] prec$+ subp>agraph 7,a71 by /rik+ ,subp>agraph 7,b7 ( ! la/ s5t5ce ( section #eec7;b7 & ins]t+ ,section #eec7;g77#c72 & 7ii7 by /rik+ an int]pretative rule or a g5]al /atem5t ( policy & ins]t+ guidance2 & 7,c7 9 p>agraph 7#c71 9 ! matt] prec$+ subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 by /rik+ ,! fir/ #b s5t5ces ( section #eec7;b7 & ins]t+ ,section #eec7;c72 & 7ii7 by /rik+ an int]pretative rule1 a g5]al /atem5t ( policy1 & ins]t+ guidance2 7#b7 9 subsection 7c7-- 7,a7 9 ! matt] prec$+ p>agraph 7#a7-- 7i7 by /rik+ section #eec7;d7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;h72 & 7ii7 by /rik+ an int]pretative rule7 or g5]al /atem5t ( policy & ins]t+ guidance72 & 7,b7 9 ! flu% text foll[+ p>agraph 7#b71 by /rik+ ! fir/ #b s5t5ces ( section #eec7;b7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;c72 7#c7 9 subsection 7d71 by /rik+ an int]pretative rule7 & ea* g5]al /atem5t ( policy & ins]t+ guidance72 7#d7 9 subsection 7e7-- 7,a7 by /rik+ any int]pretative rule7 or a g5]al /atem5t ( policy & ins]t+ guidance72 & 7,b7 by /rik+ or su* g5]al /atem5t ( policy2 7#e7 9 subsection 7f7-- 7,a7 by /rik+ an int]pretative rule7 or a g5]al /atem5t ( policy & ins]t+ guidance72 & 7,b7 by /rik+ or su* g5]al /atem5t ( policy2 & 7#f7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7g7 ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m guidance has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #eea ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 4 7x7 ,natural gas policy act ( #aigh ,section #ejb7;b7 ( ! ,natural ,gas ,policy ,act ( #aigh 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #cdab7;b77 is am5d$1 9 ! ?ird s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #eec7;d77#c7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;h77#b74 7y7 ,noise control act ( #aigb ,section #f7;c77#b7 ( ! ,noise ,control ,act ( #aigb 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #dije7;c77#b77 is am5d$ by /rik+ ! fir/ s5t5ce ( section #eec7;c7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;c77#d74 7z7 ,nor!a/ rail s]vice act ( #aiha ,section #aaeb7;c7 ( ! ,nor!a/ ,rail ,s]vice ,act ( #aiha 7#de ,u4,s4,c4 #aaje7;c77 is am5d$ by /rik+ p>agraphs 7#b7 7,a71 7,b71 7,c71 & 7,d7 ( section #gjf1 title #e & ins]t+ subp>agraphs 7,a7 ?r\gh 7,d7 ( section #gjf7;a77#b7 ( title #e4 7aa7 ,nor!rn pacific halibut act ( #aihb ,section #h7;b7 ( ! ,nor!rn ,pacific ,halibut ,act ( #aihb 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #ggc;f7b77 is am5d$1 9 ! ?ird s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b74 7bb7 ,poison prev5tion packag+ act ( #aigj ,! ,poison ,prev5tion ,packag+ ,act ( #aigj 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #adga et seq47 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 section #e 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #adgd7-- 7,a7 9 subsection 7a71 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ 7o!r ?an p>agraph 7#c77;,b7 ( ! la/ s5t5ce ( subsection 7b7 ( su* section7 ( title #e ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,code & ins]t+ ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 o!r ?an subsection 7g77#c7 ( su* section12 & 7,b7 9 subsection 7b7-- 7i7 by /rik+ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,code ea* place t t]m appe>s & ins]t+ 1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code2 & 7ii7 9 p>agraph 7#c71 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ p>agraph 7#b7 ( section #gjf & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b72 & 7#b7 9 section #g7;c77#b7 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #adgf7;c77#b771 by /rik+ section #eec7;b7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;c74 7cc7 ,p\ltry products inspection act ,section #ad7;c7 ( ! ,p\ltry ,products ,inspection ,act 7#ba ,u4,s4,c4 #dfc7;c77 is am5d$ by /rik+ section #eec7;c7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code & ins]t+ section #eec7;c77#d7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code14 7dd7 ,public heal? s]vice act ,section #bgbc7;b77#b77;,e77iii7 ( ! ,public ,heal? ,s]vice ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #cjj;gg-#bb7;b77#b77;,e77iii77 is am5d$ by /rik+ section #gjf7b77;,e7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b77;,e74 7ee7 ,regional rail reorganization act ( #aigc ,section #baf7;c77#c7 ( ! ,regional ,rail ,reorganization ,act ( #aigc 7#de ,u4,s4,c4 #gbf7;c77#c77 is am5d$1 9 ! f\r? s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b74 7ff7 ,social security act ,! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #cja et seq47 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 section #bba7;j7 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #dba7;j771 9 ! flu% text foll[+ p>agraph 7#c71 by /rik+ 9 accordance ) section #eec7;b77,a7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code & all t foll[s ?r\gh & /atem5ts & ins]t+ 9 accordance ) section #eec7;g77#b7 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 ( guidance or rules ( ag5cy organization1 proc$ure1 or practice relat+ to consultative exam9ations if su* guidance & rules2 & 7#b7 9 section #ahga7;b77#b7 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acie;hh7b77#b771 by /rik+ subp>agraph 7,c7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7,c7 subsection 7c7 ( section #eec ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 does n apply pursuant to subsection 7g77#c7 ( su* section4 4 7gg7 ,s\? pacific tuna act ( #aihh ,section #h7;b7 ( ! ,s\? ,pacific ,tuna ,act ( #aihh 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #igc;f7b77 is am5d$1 9 ! ?ird s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b74 7hh7 ,t>iff act ( #aicj ,section #ggg7;f77#e7 ( ! ,t>iff ,act ( #aicj 7#ai ,u4,s4,c4 #afgg;f7f77#e77 is am5d$1 9 ! ?ird s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b74 7ii7 ,title #e1 unit$ /ates code ,title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 section #eef7;d71 9 ! six? s5t5ce1 by /rik+ rule mak+ & ins]t+ rulemak+2 7#b7 9 section #eeg7;b71 9 ! f\r? s5t5ce ( ! matt] prec$+ p>agraph 7#a71 by /rik+ rule mak+ & ins]t+ rulemak+2 7#c7 9 section #efb7aa71 by /rik+ means rule mak+ z t t]m is def9$ 9 section #eea7e7 & ins]t+ has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #eea2 7#d7 9 section #fja7b71 by /rik+ section #eec7;b7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;c72 7#e7 9 section #aajc7;b77#a71 by /rik+ section #eec7;b77#a71 7#b71 & 7#c7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;c72 & 7#f7 9 section #aaje1 by /rik+ subsections 7b71 7c71 & 7d7 & ins]t+ subsections 7b7 ?r\gh 7h7 & 7j74 7jj7 ,title #aa1 unit$ /ates code ,section #aagb7;b7 ( title #aa1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$1 9 ! second s5t5ce1 by /rik+ sections #gjf7b77;,a71 #gjf7b77;,b71 #gjf7b77;,c71 & #gjf7b77;,d7 ( title #e & ins]t+ subp>agraphs 7,a71 7,b71 7,c71 & 7,d7 ( section #gjf7;a77#b7 ( title #e4 7kk7 ,title #ad1 unit$ /ates code ,section #bejg7;b77#b77;,a7 ( title #ad1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by /rik+ section #gjf7a7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#a74 7ll7 ,title #bh1 unit$ /ates code ,section #cijb ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$1 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b74 7mm7 ,title #da1 unit$ /ates code ,section #hejc7;a77#b7 ( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by /rik+ section #eec7;b7 to 7e7 & ins]t+ section #eec4 7nn7 ,title #df1 unit$ /ates code ,title #df1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 section #adajd7;b71 9 ! second s5t5ce1 by /rik+ %all be consid]$ to be an int]pretive regulation = purposes ( section #eec ( title #e & ins]t+ %all be subject to section #eec ( title #e2 & 7#b7 9 section #gjaje7;c77#c77;,b71 9 ! second s5t5ce1 by /rik+ section #gjf7b77;,e7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b77;,e74 7oo7 ,toxic sub/ances control act ,section #ai7;c77#a77;,b7 ( ! ,toxic ,sub/ances ,control ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #bfah7;c77#a77;,b77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 clause 7i7-- 7,a7 9 subclause 7,i71 by /rik+ p>agraph 7#b77;,e7 & ins]t+ subsection 7a77#b77;,e72 & 7,b7 9 subclause 7,,ii71 by /rik+ p>agraph 7#b77;,e7 & ins]t+ subsection 7a77#b77;,e72 & 7#b7 9 clause 7ii71 by /rik+ section #eec7;c7 & ins]t+ section #eec7;f77#b74 7pp7 ,unfund$ m&ates re=m act ( #aiie ,section #dja7;a77#b77;,a7 ( ! ,unfund$ ,m&ates ,re=m ,act ( #aiie 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #aega7;a77#b77;,a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ section #gjf7a7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#a74 7qq7 ,unit$ /ates w>eh\se act ,section #ac7;d77#b7 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,w>eh\se ,act 7#g ,u4,s4,c4 #beb7;d77#b77 is am5d$ by /rik+ section #gjf7b7 & ins]t+ section #gjf7;a77#b74