,,ii  #aaf? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,s4 #badf  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,july #ag1 #bjai ,mr4  
,book] introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0   
read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on !
 ,judici>y  ,a ,,bill  ,to enable       
inc>c]at$ p]sons to petition a ,f$]al   
c\rt = a second look at s5t5ces long]   
?an #aj ye>s1 :]e ! p]son is n a dang]  
to ! safety ( any p]son or ! community1 
& has %[n !y are ready = re5try1 & = o!r
 purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title  ,?is ,act  
may be cit$ z ! ,second ,look ,act (    
#bjai4  #b4 ,f9d+s  7a7 ,f9d+s relat$ to
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,crim9al ,ju/ice ,sy/em
 ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,al?\gh 
! ,unit$ ,/ates has less ?an #e p]c5t ( 
! _w's population1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates holds
 approximately #ba p]c5t ( ! _w's       
prison]s & leads ! _w 9 ! numb] (       
individuals inc>c]at$1 ) ne>ly          
#b1bjj1jjj p inc>c]at$ 9 ,/ate & ,f$]al 
prisons & local jails4  7#b7 ,! prison  
population ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates has        
increas$ by #ejj p]c5t ov] a #dj-ye>    

p]iod prec$+ ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is    
,act4  7#c7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates inc>c]ates 
citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at #e to #aj  
times ! rate ( o!r indu/rializ$ nations4
  7#d7 ,! face ( inc>c]ation 9 ! ,unit$ 
,/ates is n exclusively male4 ,al?\gh   
only #e p]c5t ( ! wom5 9 ! _w live 9 !  
,unit$ ,/ates1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates h\ses #cj
 p]c5t ( ! _w's inc>c]at$ wom54  7#e7 ,!
 gr[? ( ! inc>c]ation ( wom5 9 ! ,unit$ 
,/ates has outpac$ t ( m5 by ne>ly      
#b-to-#a1 gr[+ ne>ly #hjj p]c5t betwe5  
#aigh & #bjad4 ,eighty p]c5t ( inc>c]at$
 wom5 are mo!rs & mo/ are ! prim>y      
c>etak]s = _! *ildr54  7#f7 ,! ov]all   
prison population ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9   
#bjag decl9$ by #g4c p]c5t s9ce rea*+ a 
peak level 9 #bjji1 b at ! curr5t rate (
 decl9e x w\ld take until #bjia 7#gb    
ye>s7 to cut ! prison population 9 !    
,unit$ ,/ates 9 half4  7#g7 ,ne>ly half 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,f$]al prison         
population 9 #bjag 0 inc>c]at$ = a drug 
traffick+ (f5se4  7b7 ,f9d+s relat$ to !
 ne$ = a second look ,congress f9ds !   

foll[+3 7#a7 ,congress f9ds t a second  
look at ! s5t5ces = inc>c]at$           
individuals is ne$$4  7#b7 ,life s5t5ces
 ( imprisonm5t & long s5t5ces )\t !     
possibility ( review violate human      
rights /&>ds4  7#c7 ,"o out ( #i        
inc>c]at$ individuals is curr5tly s]v+ a
 life s5t5ce1 ne>ly "o-?ird ( :om are   
s5t5c$ to life )\t p>ole4 ,"o out ( e   
#ae wom5 9 prison1 ne>ly #g1jjj wom51 is
 s]v+ a life or virtual life s5t5ce4    
7#d7 ,9 #bjaf1 #afa1ieg p 7 s]v+ a life 
s5t5ce & #ec1bij p 7 s]v+ life )\t p>ole
 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 comp>$ to a total ( 
#ej p s]v+ a life s5t5ce )\t !          
possibility ( release 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom4
  7#e7 ,m&atory m9imum p5alties cont9ue 
to result 9 long s5t5ces 9 ! ,f$]al     
sy/em1 z ( #bjaf-- 7,a7 #ee4g p]c5t ( ! 
,f$]al prison population _h be5 s5t5c$  
"u a m&atory m9imum provision2  7,b7 !  
av]age s5t5ce l5g? = individuals :o 7   
convict$ ( an (f5se c>ry+ a m&atory     
m9imum p5alty 0 #aaj mon?s (            
imprisonm5t2 &  7,c7 m ?an two-?irds (  

,f$]al prison]s s]v+ life or virtual    
life s5t5ces h be5 convict$ ( nonviol5t 
crimes1 includ+ #cj p]c5t = a drug      
crime4  7#f7 ,among ^? individuals s]v+ 
life )\t p>ole s5t5ces1 #di4a p]c5t h   
be5 convict$ ( a drug relat$ crime4     
7#g7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates has mu* m punitive
 s5t5c+ laws ?an ! re/ ( ! _w1 z-- 7,a7 
s5t5ce l5g?s 9 mo/ ,european c\ntries   
r>ely exce$ #bj ye>s2  7,b7 ,norway     
aboli%$ life s5t5ces 9 #aiha & "u       
,norwegian law1 ! maximum prison t]m is 
#ba ye>s2  7,c7 9 ,d5m>k & ,sw$51       
individuals s]v+ life s5t5ces c be      
releas$ aft] #ab ye>s & #ah ye>s (      
imprisonm5t1 respectively2 &  7,d7 9    
,lat9 ,am]ica1 only #f out ( #ai        
c\ntries ma9ta9 /atutes t all[ life     
imprisonm5t4  7#h7 ,) ! abolition (     
p>ole "u ! ,s5t5c+ ,re=m ,act ( #aihd   
7,public ,law #ih-dgc2 #ih ,/at4 #aihg71
 !re are extremely limit$ options =     
review ( ,f$]al s5t5ces1 :i* diff]s     
greatly f ! re/ ( ! _w1 z--  7,a7       
,belgium requires a p>ole review ( life 

s5t5ces aft] #aj ye>s2  7,b7 ,g]many    
requires a p>ole review ( life s5t5ces  
aft] #ae ye>s2 &  7,c7 ! ,int]national  
,crim9al ,c\rt requires a p>ole review (
 life s5t5ces aft] #be ye>s4  7#i7 ,an  
inc>c]at$ individual %\ld n be preclud$ 
f receiv+ a second look review ( _!     
s5t5ce because ( ! nature ( ! crime =   
:i* ! individual 0 convict$1 z--  7,a7  
individuals age out ( crime />t+ ar\nd  
#be ye>s ( age2  7,b7 releas$           
individuals ov] ! age ( #ej h a v l[    
recidivism rate2  7,c7 sev]al /udies1   
,/ate policies & programs1 & ! ,national
 ,in/itute ( ,corrections ( ! ,bureau ( 
,prisons1 consid] inc>c]at$ individuals 
ag$ #ej & above to be eld]ly2  7,d7     
inc>c]at$ p age at an accel]at$ rate    
because !y are m likely ?an ! g5]al     
public to exp]i5ce /resses includ+ long 
hi/ories ( alcohol & drug misuse1       
insuffici5t diet1 lack ( m$ical c>e1    
f9ancial /ruggles1 & /ress ( ma9ta9+    
safety :ile beh9d b>s2  7,e7 ! ,(fice ( 
,inspector ,g5]al ( ! ,dep>tm5t (       

,ju/ice has f\nd t ag+ inmates commit   
less misconduct :ile inc>c]at$ & h a l[]
 rate ( re-arre/ once releas$1 & has    
recomm5d$ ! e>ly release ( ag+ inmates  
to help manage ! inmate population &    
r$uce co/s at ! ,bureau ( ,prisons2     
7,f7 ! co/ to ,/ate taxpay]s to         
inc>c]ate ! approximately #bej1jjj      
individuals ag$ #ej or old] curr5tly    
beh9d b>s is ab\t #af1jjj1jjj1jjj ea*   
ye>2  7,g7 inc>c]ation ( individuals    
beyond ! age dur+ :i* ! individuals are 
likely to commit crime is a dra9 on     
taxpay] doll>s t does no?+ to increase  
public safety2  7,h7 individuals are    
capable ( r$emption2 &  7,i7 9 ! words (
 ,bryan ,/ev5son1 ea* ( u is m ?an !    
wor/ ?+ we've ev] done4  #c4            
,modification ( c]ta9 t]ms ( imprisonm5t
  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,sub*apt] ,c ( *apt] #bbi
 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is   
am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #cfbf !    
foll[+3  #cfbg4 ,modification ( c]ta9   
t]ms ( imprisonm5t  7a7 ,9 g5]al        
,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( law1 a c\rt

 may r$uce a t]m ( imprisonm5t impos$ ^u
 a def5dant if--  7#a7 ! impos$ t]m (   
imprisonm5t 0 m ?an #aj ye>s2  7#b7 !   
def5dant has s]v$ n less ?an #aj ye>s 9 
cu/ody = ! (f5se2 &  7#c7 ! c\rt f9ds1  
aft] consid]+ ! factors set =? 9        
subsection 7c71 t-- 7,a7 ! def5dant--   
7i7 is n a dang] to ! safety ( any p]son
 or ! community2 &  7ii7 demon/rates    
read9ess = re5try2 &  7,b7 ! int]e/s (  
ju/ice w>rant a s5t5ce modification4    
7b7 ,sup]vis$ release  7#a7 ,9 g5]al    
,any def5dant ^: s5t5ce is r$uc$        
pursuant to subsection 7a71 %all be     
ord]$ to s]ve--  7,a7 ! t]m ( sup]vis$  
release includ$ z "p ( ! orig9al s5t5ce 
impos$ on ! def5dant2 or  7,b7 9 ! case 
( a def5dant ^: orig9al s5t5ce did n    
include a t]m ( sup]vis$ release1 a t]m 
( sup]vis$ release n to exce$ ! au?oriz$
 t]ms ( sup]vis$ release describ$ 9     
section #cehc4  7#b7 ,conditions (      
sup]vis$ release ,! conditions (        
sup]vis$ release & any modification or  
revocation ( ! t]m ( sup]vis$ release   

%all be 9 accordance ) section #cehc4   
7c7 ,factors & in=mation ,to be consid]$
 9 det]m9+ :e!r ,to modify a t]m (      
imprisonm5t  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! c\rt1 9   
det]m9+ :e!r to r$uce a t]m (           
imprisonm5t pursuant to subsection 7a7--
 7,a7 may consid] ! factors describ$ 9  
section #ceec7;a71 includ+ ! nature ( ! 
(f5se & ! hi/ory & *>act]i/ics ( !      
def5dant2 &  7,b7 %all consid]-- 7i7 !  
age ( ! def5dant at ! "t ( ! (f5se2     
7ii7 ! age ( ! def5dant at ! "t ( !     
s5t5ce modification petition & relevant 
data reg>d+ ! decl9e 9 crim9ality z !   
age ( def5dants increase2  7iii7 any    
pres5tation ( argum5t & evid5ce by      
c\nsel = ! def5dant2  7iv7 a report &   
recomm5dation ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons1   
includ+ in=mation on :e!r ! def5dant has
 sub/antially compli$ ) ! rules ( ea*   
in/itution 9 :i* ! def5dant has be5     
conf9$ & :e!r ! def5dant has complet$   
any educational1 vocational1 or o!r     
prison program1 :]e available2  7v7 any 
report & recomm5dation ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates

 attorney = any di/rict 9 :i* an (f5se =
 :i* ! def5dant is imprison$ 0          
prosecut$2  7vi7 :e!r ! def5dant has    
demon/rat$ maturity1 rehabilitation1 & a
 fitness to re5t] society suffici5t to  
ju/ify a s5t5ce r$uction2  7vii7 any    
/atem5t1 :i* may be pres5t$ orally or   
o!rwise1 by any victim ( an (f5se = :i* 
! def5dant is imprison$ or by a family  
memb] ( ! victim if ! victim is deceas$2
  7viii7 any report f a physical1 m5tal1
 or psy*iatric exam9ation ( ! def5dant  
conduct$ by a lic5s$ heal? c>e          
pr(essional2  7ix7 ! family & community 
circum/ances ( ! def5dant1 includ+ any  
hi/ory ( abuse1 trauma1 or involvem5t 9 
! *ild welf>e sy/em1 & ! pot5tial       
b5efits to *ildr5 & family memb]s (     
reunification ) ! def5dant2  7x7 ! role 
( ! def5dant 9 ! (f5se & :e!r1 & to :at 
ext5t1 an adult 0 involv$ 9 ! (f5se if !
 def5dant 0 a juv5ile at ! "t ( ! (f5se2
  7xi7 ! dim9i%$ culpability ( juv5iles 
z comp>$ to t ( adults1 & ! hallm>k     
features ( y\?1 includ+ immaturity1     

impetuosity1 & failure to appreciate    
risks & consequ5ces1 if ! def5dant 0 a  
juv5ile at ! "t ( ! (f5se2 &  7xii7 any 
o!r in=mation ! c\rt det]m9es relevant  
to ! decision ( ! c\rt4  7#b7           
,rebuttable presumption ,9 ! case ( a   
def5dant :o is #ej ye>s ( age or old] on
 ! date on :i* ! def5dant files an      
application = a s5t5ce r$uction "u      
subsection 7a71 !re %all be a rebuttable
 presumption t ! def5dant %all be       
releas$4  7d7 ,limitation on            
applications pursuant to ?is section    
7#a7 ,second application ,n e>li] ?an #e
 ye>s aft] ! date on :i* an ord] d5y+   
release on an initial application "u ?is
 section becomes f9al1 a c\rt %all      
ent]ta9 a second application by ! same  
def5dant "u ?is section4  7#b7 ,?ird    
application ,n e>li] ?an #b ye>s aft] ! 
date on :i* an ord] ent]$ by a c\rt on a
 second application "u p>agraph 7#a7    
becomes f9al1 a c\rt %all ent]ta9 a ?ird
 application by ! same def5dant "u ?is  
section4  7#c7 ,f9al application ,a c\rt

 %all ent]ta9 a f9al application if !   
def5dant-- 7,a7 is #ej ye>s ( age or    
old]2 &  7,b7 has exhau/$ ! s5t5c+      
modification process4  7e7 ,proc$ures   
7#a7 ,notice ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] !
 date on :i* ! #aj? ye> ( imprisonm5t   
beg9s = a def5dant s5t5c$ to m ?an #aj  
ye>s ( imprisonm5t = an (f5se1 ! ,bureau
 ( ,prisons %all provide writt5 notice (
 ?is section to--  7,a7 ! def5dant2 &   
7,b7 ! s5t5c+ c\rt1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
attorney1 & ! ,f$]al ,public ,def5d] or 
,executive ,director ( ! ,community     
,def5d] ,organization = ! judicial      
di/rict 9 :i* ! s5t5ce describ$ 9 ?is   
p>agraph 0 impos$4  7#b7 ,application   
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an application = a s5t5ce
 r$uction "u ?is section %all be fil$ 9 
! judicial di/rict 9 :i* ! s5t5ce 0     
impos$ z a motion to r$uce ! s5t5ce ( ! 
def5dant pursuant to ?is section & may  
include affidavits or o!r writt5        
mat]ial4  7,b7 ,requirem5t ,a motion to 
r$uce a s5t5ce "u ?is section %all be   
fil$ ) ! s5t5c+ c\rt & a copy %all be   

s]v$ on ! ,unit$ ,/ates attorney = !    
judicial di/rict 9 :i* ! s5t5ce 0       
impos$4  7#c7 ,exp&+ ! record2 he>+     
7,a7 ,exp&+ ! record ,aft] ! fil+ ( a   
motion to r$uce a s5t5ce "u ?is section1
 ! c\rt may direct ! p>ties to exp& !   
record by submitt+ additional writt5    
mat]ials relat+ to ! motion4  7,b7 ,he>+
  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,! c\rt %all1 ^u reque/ (
 ! def5dant or ! ,gov]nm5t1 conduct a   
he>+ on ! motion1 at :i* ! def5dant &   
c\nsel = ! def5dant %all be giv5 !      
opportunity to be he>d4  7ii7 ,evid5ce  
,9 a he>+ "u ?is section1 ! c\rt %all   
all[ p>ties to pres5t evid5ce4  7iii7   
,def5dant's pres5ce ,at a he>+ "u ?is   
section1 ! def5dant %all be pres5t      
unless ! def5dant waives ! "r to be     
pres5t4 ,! requirem5t "u ?is clause may 
be satisfi$ by ! def5dant appe>+ by     
video teleconf]5ce4  7iv7 ,c\nsel ,a    
def5dant :o is unable to af=d c\nsel is 
entitl$ to h c\nsel appo9t$1 at no co/  
to ! def5dant1 to repres5t ! def5dant = 
! application & proce$+s "u ?is section1

 includ+ any appeal1 unless ! def5dant  
expressly waives ! "r to c\nsel aft] be+
 fully advis$ ( _! rights by ! c\rt4    
7v7 ,f9d+s ,! c\rt %all /ate 9 op5 c\rt1
 & file 9 writ+1 ! reasons = grant+ or  
d5y+ a motion "u ?is section4  7,c7     
,appeal  ,! ,gov]nm5t or ! def5dant may 
file a notice ( appeal 9 ! di/rict c\rt 
= review ( a f9al ord] "u ?is section4  
,! "t limit = fil+ su* appeal %all be   
gov]n$ by rule #d7;a7 ( ! ,f$]al ,rules 
( ,appellate ,proc$ure4  7#d7 ,crime    
victims rights ,^u receiv+ an           
application "u p>agraph 7#b71 ! ,unit$  
,/ates attorney %all provide any        
notifications requir$ "u section #cgga4 
7f7 ,annual report  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n    
lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t (
 ! ,second ,look ,act ( #bjai1 & once e 
ye> !reaft]1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+    
,commission %all submit to ! ,committee 
on ! ,judici>y ( ! ,s5ate & ! ,committee
 on ! ,judici>y ( ! ,h\se (             
,repres5tatives a report on reque/s =   
s5t5ce r$uctions "u ?is section4  7#b7  

,cont5ts ,ea* report requir$ to be      
publi%$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all include1 =
 ! #a-ye> p]iod prec$+ ! report--  7,a7 
! numb] (-- 7i7 inc>c]at$ individuals :o
 7 grant$ a s5t5ce r$uction "u ?is      
section2 &  7ii7 inc>c]at$ individuals  
:o 7 d5i$ a s5t5ce r$uction "u ?is      
section2  7,b7 ! numb] ( inc>c]at$      
individuals releas$ f prison "u ?is     
section2  7,c7 ! demographic            
*>act]i/ics1 includ+ race & g5d]1 (--   
7i7 ! inc>c]at$ individuals :o appli$ = 
a s5t5c$ r$uction "u ?is section2  7ii7 
! inc>c]at$ individuals :o 7 grant$ a   
s5t5ce r$uction "u ?is section2 &  7iii7
 ! inc>c]at$ individuals :o 7 releas$ "u
 ?is section2  7,d7 ! location1         
categoriz$ by ,f$]al circuit & ,/ate1   
(-- 7i7 ! inc>c]at$ individuals :o      
appli$ = a r$uction "u ?is section2     
7ii7 ! inc>c]at$ individuals :o 7 grant$
 a r$uction "u ?is section2 &  7iii7 !  
inc>c]at$ individuals :o 7 releas$ "u   
?is section2  7,e7 ! av]age s5t5ce      
r$uction grant$ "u ?is section2  7,f7 ! 

numb] ( inc>c]at$ individuals #ej ye>s (
 age or old] :o appli$ = a s5t5ce       
r$uction "u ?is section2  7,g7 ! numb] (
 inc>c]at$ individuals :o are #ej ye>s (
 age or old] :o 7 grant$ a s5t5ce       
r$uction "u ?is section2 &  7,h7 ! numb]
 ( inc>c]at$ individuals #ej ye>s ( age 
or old] :o 7 releas$ f prison "u ?is    
section4  7#c7 ,attorney ,g5]al         
coop]ation ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all--   
7,a7 assi/ & provide in=mation to !     
,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+ ,commission 9 !   
p]=mance ( ! duties ( ! ,commission "u  
?is subsection2 &  7,b7 promptly respond
 to reque/s f ! ,commission4  4  7b7    
,table ( sections ,! table ( sections = 
sub*apt] ,c ( *apt] #bbi ( title #ah1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ 
aft] ! item relat+ to section #cfbf !   
foll[+3  #cfbg4 ,modification ( c]ta9   
t]ms ( imprisonm5t4  4  7c7 ,te*nical & 
con=m+ am5dm5t ,section #cehb7;c7 (     
title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is      
am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,b71 by   
/rik+ & at ! end2  7#b7 9 p>agraph 7#b71

 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ 2 &2
 &  7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3     
7#c7 ! c\rt may r$uce a t]m (           
imprisonm5t 9 accordance ) section      
#cfbg4  4  7d7 ,applicability ,!        
am5dm5ts made by ?is section %all apply 
to any conviction ent]$ be=e1 on1 or    
aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4