,,ii  #aafth ,,congress  #ast ,session  
,s4 #bjej  ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of     
,,the ,,united ,,states  ,june #bh      
7legislative day1 ,june #bg71 #bjai,mr4 
,gardner 7for himself and ,mr4 ,markey7 
introduced the following bill2 which was
 read twice and referred to the         
,committee on ,foreign ,relations  ,a   
,,bill  ,to require global economic and 
political pressure to support diplomatic
 denuclearization of the ,korean        
,peninsula1 and for other purposes4  #a4
 ,short title2 table of contents  7a7   
,short title ,this ,act may be cited as 
the ,leverage to ,enhance ,effective    
,diplomacy ,act of #bjai or the ,,leed  
,act4  7b7 ,table of contents ,the table
 of contents for this ,act is as        
follows3 ,sec4 #a4 ,short title2 table  
of contents4 ,,title ,i--,review of     
strategy and policy toward the          
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea ,sec4 #aja4 ,findings4 ,sec4     
#ajb4 ,sense of ,congress4 ,sec4 #ajc4  
,addressing the evolving threats posed  

by and capabilities of the ,democratic  
,people's ,republic of ,korea4 ,sec4    
#ajd4 ,briefing on ,united ,states      
engagement with the ,democratic         
,people's ,republic of ,korea4 ,sec4    
#aje4 ,briefing and strategy relating to
 use of rocket fuels for ballistic      
missiles by the ,democratic ,people's   
,republic of ,korea4 ,sec4 #ajf4        
,briefing and strategy relating to      
efforts by the ,russian ,federation to  
block enforcement of ,united ,nations   
sanctions4 ,sec4 #ajg4 ,appropriate     
congressional committees defined4       
,,title ,,ii--,measures to address the  
threats posed by and capabilities of the
 ,democratic ,people's ,republic of     
,korea ,sec4 #bja4 ,report on effecting 
a strategy to diplomatically and        
economically pressure the ,democratic   
,people's ,republic of ,korea4 ,sec4    
#bjb4 ,authorization to alter ,united   
,states relations with countries        
enabling the ,democratic ,people's      
,republic of ,korea4 ,sec4 #bjc4        

,authorization to terminate or reduce   
,united ,states foreign assistance to   
countries enabling the ,democratic      
,people's ,republic of ,korea4 ,sec4    
#bjd4 ,appropriate congressional        
committees defined4 ,,title             
,,iii--,strategy to end use of ,north   
,korean laborers by other countries     
,sec4 #cja4 ,strategy to end use of     
,north ,korean laborers and human rights
 violations4 ,sec4 #cjb4 ,amendment of  
reporting requirement regarding strategy
 to promote ,north ,korean human rights4
 ,,title ,,iv--,enhancing sanctions with
 respect to the ,democratic ,people's   
,republic of ,korea ,sec4 #dja4         
,sanctions related to enablers of the   
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea4 ,sec4 #djb4 ,modification of    
penalties relating to sanctions4 ,sec4  
#djc4 ,enhancement of cargo screening   
criteria4 ,sec4 #djd4 ,enforcement of   
,united ,nations sanctions with respect 
to crude oil and refined petroleum      
products4 ,sec4 #dje4 ,sanctions with   

respect to sourcing1 manufacture1 trade1
 or distribution of illicit substances4 
,sec4 #djf4 ,report on certain entities 
conducting business with the ,democratic
 ,people's ,republic of ,korea4 ,sec4   
#djg4 ,enhancing the review process for 
changes to sanctions and rulemaking4    
,sec4 #djh4 ,reinforcing global export  
controls4 ,sec4 #dji4 ,additional       
resources to detect evasion of sanctions
 targeting the ,democratic ,people's    
,republic of ,korea4 ,sec4 #daj4        
,briefing on evasion of sanctions       
targeting the ,democratic ,people's     
,republic of ,korea4 ,sec4 #daa4        
,briefing on illicit use of virtual     
currencies by the ,democratic ,people's 
,republic of ,korea4 ,sec4 #dab4        
,briefing on cross-border flows of      
fentanyl and other illicit substances4  
,sec4 #dac4 ,briefing on ,united ,states
 citizens detained by the ,democratic   
,people's ,republic of ,korea4 ,sec4    
#dad4 ,addition of discussion of        
sanctions evasion to annual report of   

the ,united ,states-,china ,economic and
 ,security ,review ,commission4 ,sec4   
#dae4 ,exception relating to importation
 of goods4 ,sec4 #daf4 ,appropriate     
congressional committees defined4 ,sec4 
#dag4 ,effective date4 ,,title          
,v--,miscellaneous ,sec4 #eja4          
,authority to consolidate reports and   
briefings4  ,i ,review of strategy and  
policy toward the ,democratic ,people's 
,republic of ,korea  #aja4 ,findings    
,congress makes the following findings3 
7#a7 ,the ,government of the ,democratic
 ,people's ,republic of ,korea has      
flagrantly defied the international     
community by illicitly developing its   
nuclear and ballistic missile programs1 
in violation of ,united ,nations        
,security ,council ,resolutions #agah   
7#bjjf71 #ahgd 7#bjji71 #bjhg 7#bjac71  
#bjid 7#bjac71 #bbgj 7#bjaf71 #bcba     
7#bjaf71 #bcga 7#bjag71 #bcge 7#bjag71  
and #bcig 7#bjag74  7#b7 ,the ,march #e1
 #bjai1 report of the ,panel of ,experts
 established pursuant to ,united        

,nations ,security ,council ,resolution 
#ahgd 7#bjji7 highlighted several       
deficiencies in the enforcement of      
sanctions with respect to the           
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea4  7#c7 ,the ,panel of ,experts   
report illustrated that the ,people's   
,republic of ,china and the ,russian    
,federation are among those countries   
not fully implementing multilateral     
sanctions and that the ,russian         
,federation has impeded efforts by the  
,united ,states to expose and address   
illegal ship-to-ship transfers4  7#d7   
,despite known deficiencies in global   
sanctions implementation1 the pace of   
,united ,states sanctions designations  
with respect to the ,democratic         
,people's ,republic of ,korea has slowed
 noticeably1 even as relevant ,united   
,states law1 including the ,north ,korea
 ,sanctions and ,policy ,enhancement    
,act of #bjaf 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #ibja et   
seq47 and the ,asia ,reassurance        
,initiative ,act of #bjah 7,public ,law 

#aae-dji71 mandates the imposition of   
,united ,states sanctions for behaviors 
described in the ,panel of ,experts     
report1 including human rights          
violations and malign activities in     
cyberspace4  #ajb4 ,sense of ,congress  
,it is the sense of ,congress that--    
7#a7 the ,united ,states is committed to
 the peaceful pursuit of the complete1  
verifiable1 and irreversible            
dismantlement of the illicit weapons    
programs of the ,democratic ,people's   
,republic of ,korea through a           
combination of pressure and engagement2 
7#b7 meaningful advancement in relations
 between the ,united ,states and the    
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea is directly contingent on        
significant progress by the ,democratic 
,people's ,republic of ,korea toward    
dismantling its weapons of mass         
destruction and associated delivery     
systems1 ceasing its human rights       
violations1 complying with ,united      
,nations ,security ,council resolutions1

 repatriating ,united ,states citizens  
and the citizens of other countries1    
instituting political openness1 and     
establishing financial transparency2 and
  7#c7 the ,democratic ,people's        
,republic of ,korea should immediately  
resume efforts to identify and return   
the remains of members of the ,armed    
,forces of the ,united ,states killed in
 action during the ,korean ,war1 and    
should immediately return to the ,united
 ,states the ,u4,s4,s4 ,pueblo1         
illegally captured by the ,democratic   
,people's ,republic of ,korea on        
,january #bc1 #aifh4  #ajc4 ,addressing 
the evolving threats posed by and       
capabilities of the ,democratic         
,people's ,republic of ,korea  7a7 ,in  
general ,not later than #fj days after  
the date of the enactment of this ,act1 
and every #ahj days thereafter until the
 date that is #b years after such date  
of enactment1 the ,director of ,national
 ,intelligence1 in consultation with the
 ,secretary of ,state and the ,secretary

 of ,defense1 and1 as appropriate1 the  
,secretary of the ,treasury and the     
,administrator of the ,drug ,enforcement
 ,administration1 shall brief the       
appropriate congressional committees    
on--  7#a7 the evolving threats posed by
 and capabilities of the ,democratic    
,people's ,republic of ,korea2 and  7#b7
 ,united ,states efforts to mitigate and
 respond to those threats and           
capabilities4  7b7 ,elements ,each      
briefing under subsection 7a7 shall     
address the following3 7#a7 ,an         
assessment of the status of the nuclear 
and ballistic missile programs of the   
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea1 including what elements         
constitute such programs1 and any       
technological advancements1 disruptions1
 or setbacks to such programs during--  
7,a7 in the case of the first such      
briefing1 the #fj-;day period preceding 
the briefing2 and  7,b7 in the case of  
any subsequent such briefing1 the       
#ahj-;day period preceding the briefing4

  7#b7 ,an assessment of the sources1   
methods1 and funding mechanisms of the  
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea for procuring critical components
 for its nuclear and ballistic missile  
programs1 including liquid and solid    
rocket fuels and components1 navigation 
and guidance systems1 computer and      
electrical components1 and specialized  
materials4  7#c7 ,an assessment of--    
7,a7 the cyber capabilities of the      
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea1 including its efforts to conduct
 cyber and corporate espionage1 to      
commit illicit commercial and financial 
activities through international cyber  
systems1 and to suppress opposition to  
and spread propaganda in support of its 
nuclear and ballistic missile           
activities2 and  7,b7 any foreign       
entities that may be enhancing the      
capacity of the ,democratic ,people's   
,republic of ,korea to conduct malicious
 cyber-enabled activities1 including by 
providing internet infrastructure4  7#d7

 ,a summary of activities of the        
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea relating to evading sanctions    
imposed by the ,united ,states or the   
,united ,nations ,security ,council1    
including an assessment of the sourcing1
 manufacture1 trade1 or distribution of 
methamphetamines1 narcotics 7including  
opioids such as fentanyl71 and other    
illicit substances and any associated   
precursor chemicals1 including by       
state-owned entities1 other entities    
7including universities71 and           
individuals1 for the purpose of         
financing or otherwise supporting the   
nuclear and ballistic missile programs  
of the ,democratic ,people's ,republic  
of ,korea4  #ajd4 ,briefing on ,united  
,states engagement with the ,democratic 
,people's ,republic of ,korea ,not later
 than #cj days after the date of the    
enactment of this ,act1 and regularly   
thereafter until the date that is #b    
years after such date of enactment1 the 
,secretary of ,state shall brief the    

appropriate congressional committees on 
the status of any ,united ,states       
diplomatic engagement with the          
,government of the ,democratic ,people's
 ,republic of ,korea1 including with    
respect to efforts to secure the release
 of ,united ,states citizens detained in
 the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of 
,korea4  #aje4 ,briefing and strategy   
relating to use of rocket fuels for     
ballistic missiles by the ,democratic   
,people's ,republic of ,korea  7a7      
,briefing required  7#a7 ,in general    
,not later than #ij days after the date 
of the enactment of this ,act1 the      
,director of ,national ,intelligence1 in
 conjunction with the ,secretary of     
,state1 shall brief the appropriate     
congressional committees on the use by  
the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of  
,korea of unsymmetrical dimethyl        
hydrazine1 solid fuels1 and other rocket
 fuels to power its ballistic missiles4 
7#b7 ,elements ,the briefing under      
paragraph 7#a7 shall include the        

following3 7,a7 ,an assessment of each  
type of rocket fuel the ,democratic     
,people's ,republic of ,korea uses1 or  
potentially may use1 to power its       
ballistic missiles1 including the       
chemical precursors1 production process1
 and required production equipment for  
each such type of rocket fuel4  7,b7    
,with respect to each such type of      
rocket fuel1 an assessment of the       
following3 7i7 ,whether the use of that 
type of rocket fuel by the ,democratic  
,people's ,republic of ,korea is        
prohibited under ,united ,nations       
,security ,council resolutions1 other   
multilateral sanctions imposed with     
respect to the ,democratic ,people's    
,republic of ,korea1 or sanctions       
imposed by the ,united ,states with     
respect to the ,democratic ,people's    
,republic of ,korea4  7ii7 ,whether the 
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea imports that type of rocket fuel 
as a finished product or imports        
chemical precursors and manufactures the

 finished product4  7iii7 ,the countries
 from which the ,democratic ,people's   
,republic of ,korea imports that type of
 rocket fuel as a finished product or   
from which the ,democratic ,people's    
,republic of ,korea imports the chemical
 precursors and equipment to manufacture
 that type of rocket fuel4  7iv7 ,the   
size and locations of the ,democratic   
,people's ,republic of ,korea's         
stockpiles1 if any1 of that type of     
rocket fuel4  7v7 ,whether that type of 
rocket fuel can be attributed to its    
original exporter based on unique       
chemical signatures or other relevant   
identifying information4  7b7 ,strategy 
required ,the ,secretary of ,state1 in  
consultation with the heads of relevant 
agencies1 shall develop a diplomatic    
strategy to end the transfer of all     
rocket fuels and chemical precursors for
 rocket fuels to the ,democratic        
,people's ,republic of ,korea4  7c7     
,sense of ,congress ,it is the sense of 
,congress that the ,united ,states      

,ambassador to the ,united ,nations     
should introduce a resolution to the    
,united ,nations ,security ,council to  
request that the ,panel of ,experts on  
the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of  
,korea established by ,united ,nations  
,security ,council ,resolution #ahgd    
7#bjji7 investigate the importation and 
manufacture by the ,democratic ,people's
 ,republic of ,korea of rocket and      
ballistic missile fuels1 including      
unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine1 solid 
fuels1 and other fuels or their chemical
 precursors4  #ajf4 ,briefing and       
strategy relating to efforts by the     
,russian ,federation to block           
enforcement of ,united ,nations         
sanctions  7a7 ,briefing required  7#a7 
,in general ,not later than #ij days    
after the date of the enactment of this 
,act1 the ,secretary of ,state shall    
brief the appropriate congressional     
committees on the efforts of the        
,russian ,federation to undercut        
enforcement of ,united ,nations         

sanctions with respect to the           
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea1 with particular focus on the    
limit set by the ,united ,nations       
,security ,council on the supply1 sale1 
or transfer to the ,democratic ,people's
 ,republic of ,korea of all refined     
petroleum products in excess of an      
aggregate amount of #ejj1jjj barrels    
during any #ab-month period beginning on
 or after ,january #a1 #bjah4  7#b7     
,elements ,the briefing under paragraph 
7#a7 shall include the following3 7,a7  
,an assessment of the likelihood that   
the patterns of behavior illustrated by 
,annexes #a-c to the ,march #e1 #bjai1  
report of the ,panel of ,experts        
established pursuant to ,united ,nations
 ,security ,council ,resolution #ahgd   
7#bjji71 including efforts of the       
,russian ,federation to dismiss         
findings1 will continue4  7,b7 ,a       
description of steps being taken to     
ensure1 despite the opposition of the   
,russian ,federation1 a timely decision 

by the ,united ,nations ,security       
,council to act to halt all refined     
petroleum product exports to the        
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea in each #ab-month period that the
 limit described in paragraph 7#a7 is   
exceeded4  7,c7 ,a description of any   
other ,united ,nations sanctions with   
respect to the ,democratic ,people's    
,republic of ,korea being disregarded or
 actively undercut by the ,russian      
,federation4  7b7 ,strategy required    
,the ,secretary of ,state1 in           
consultation with the heads of relevant 
agencies1 shall develop a diplomatic    
strategy to counter efforts by the      
,russian ,federation to undercut        
enforcement of ,united ,nations         
sanctions1 including the limit described
 in subsection 7a77#a71 with respect to 
the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of  
,korea4  #ajg4 ,appropriate             
congressional committees defined ,in    
this title1 the term appropriate        
congressional committees means the      

,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the
 ,senate and the ,committee on ,foreign 
,affairs of the ,house of               
,representatives4  ,,ii ,measures to    
address the threats posed by and        
capabilities of the ,democratic         
,people's ,republic of ,korea  #bja4    
,report on effecting a strategy to      
diplomatically and economically pressure
 the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of 
,korea  7a7 ,in general ,not later than 
#ij days after the date of the enactment
 of this ,act1 and every #ahj days      
thereafter1 the ,secretary of ,state    
shall submit to the appropriate         
congressional committees a report on    
actions taken by the ,united ,states to 
diplomatically and economically pressure
 the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of 
,korea4  7b7 ,elements ,each report     
required by subsection 7a7 shall include
 the following3 7#a7 ,a description of  
the actions taken by the ,secretary of  
,state to consult with governments      
around the world1 with the purpose of   

inducing those governments to           
diplomatically and economically pressure
 the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of 
,korea4  7#b7 ,a description of the     
actions taken by those governments to   
implement measures to diplomatically and
 economically pressure the ,democratic  
,people's ,republic of ,korea4  7#c7 ,a 
list of countries the governments of    
which the ,secretary has determined to  
be noncooperative with respect to       
implementing measures to diplomatically 
and economically pressure the           
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea4  7#d7 ,a plan of action to      
engage with1 and increase cooperation   
with respect to the ,democratic         
,people's ,republic of ,korea by1 the   
governments of the countries on the list
 required by paragraph 7#c74  7c7 ,form 
of report ,each report required by      
subsection 7a7 shall be submitted in    
unclassified form but may include a     
classified annex4  #bjb4 ,authorization 
to alter ,united ,states relations with 

countries enabling the ,democratic      
,people's ,republic of ,korea  7a7 ,in  
general ,the ,secretary of ,state may   
take such actions as are necessary to   
induce countries on the list required by
 section #bja7;b77#c7 to take measures  
to diplomatically and economically      
pressure the ,democratic ,people's      
,republic of ,korea4  7b7 ,actions      
included ,actions described in          
subsection 7a7 may include-- 7#a7       
reduction of the diplomatic presence in 
the ,united ,states of countries on the 
list required by section #bja7;b77#c72  
and  7#b7 reduction of the diplomatic   
presence of the ,united ,states in those
 countries4  7c7 ,consultation ,not less
 than #ae days before taking any action 
under subsection 7a71 the ,secretary    
shall consult with the appropriate      
congressional committees with respect to
 the action4  7d7 ,sense of congress ,it
 is the sense of ,congress that inaction
 by certain countries in the            
,indo-,pacific region to reduce         

cooperation with the ,democratic        
,people's ,republic of ,korea hinders   
the deepening of strategic relationships
 with the ,united ,states4  #bjc4       
,authorization to terminate or reduce   
,united ,states foreign assistance to   
countries enabling the ,democratic      
,people's ,republic of ,korea  7a7 ,in  
general ,the ,secretary of ,state may   
terminate or reduce ,united ,states     
foreign assistance to countries on the  
list required by section #bja7;b77#c74  
7b7 ,assistance included ,assistance    
terminated or reduced under subsection  
7a7 may include-- 7#a7 assistance under 
chapter #d of part ,,ii of the ,foreign 
,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4
 #bcdf et seq42 relating to the         
,economic ,support ,fund72  7#b7        
military assistance provided pursuant to
 section #bc of the ,arms ,export       
,control ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bgfc2     
relating to the ,foreign ,military      
,financing ,program72 and  7#c7         
assistance provided under chapter #e of 

part ,,ii of the ,foreign ,assistance   
,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bcdg et   
seq42 relating to international military
 education and training74  7c7          
,consultation ,not less than #ae days   
before taking any action under          
subsection 7a71 the ,secretary shall    
consult with the appropriate            
congressional committees with respect to
 the action4  7d7 ,sense of congress ,it
 is the sense of ,congress that inaction
 by certain countries in the            
,indo-,pacific region to reduce         
cooperation with the ,democratic        
,people's ,republic of ,korea hinders   
the deepening of strategic relationships
 with the ,united ,states4  #bjd4       
,appropriate congressional committees   
defined ,in this title1 the term        
appropriate congressional committees    
means-- 7#a7 the ,committee on ,foreign 
,relations and the ,committee on        
,appropriations of the ,senate2 and     
7#b7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs
 and the ,committee on ,appropriations  

of the ,house of ,representatives4      
,,iii ,strategy to end use of ,north    
,korean laborers by other countries     
#cja4 ,strategy to end use of ,north    
,korean laborers and human rights       
violations  7a7 ,in general ,not later  
than #fj days after the date of the     
enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary  
of ,state shall brief the appropriate   
congressional committees on a strategy  
for leveraging the sanctions imposed    
pursuant to section #cjb;,b of the      
,north ,korea ,sanctions and ,policy    
,enhancement ,act of #bjaf 7#bb         
,u4,s4,c4 #ibda;b7 to convince countries
 that import ,north ,korean laborers in 
a manner described in section           
#ajd7;b77#a77,l7 of that ,act 7#bb      
,u4,s4,c4 #ibad7;b77#a77,l77 to end that
 practice4  7b7 ,appropriate            
congressional committees defined ,in    
this section1 the term appropriate      
congressional committees means-- 7#a7   
the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations   
and the ,committee on ,banking1         

,housing1 and ,urban ,affairs of the    
,senate2 and  7#b7 the ,committee on    
,foreign ,affairs and the ,committee on 
,financial ,services of the ,house of   
,representatives4  #cjb4 ,amendment of  
reporting requirement regarding strategy
 to promote ,north ,korean human rights 
7#a7 ,in general ,section #cjb7;b7 of   
the ,north ,korea ,sanctions and ,policy
 ,enhancement ,act of #bjaf 7#bb        
,u4,s4,c4 #ibda7;b77 is amended--  7,a7 
in paragraph 7#b71 by striking and at   
the end2  7,b7 in paragraph 7#c71 by    
striking #ajd7;b77#a77,m74 and inserting
 #ajd7;b77#a77,l72 and2 and  7,c7 by    
adding at the end the following new     
paragraphs3  7#d7 a list of countries   
that have not repatriated to the        
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea--  7,a7 all nationals of the     
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea earning income in their          
jurisdictions2 and  7,b7 all safety     
oversight attachs of the ,democratic    
,people's ,republic of ,korea2 and  7#e7

 for each country on the list required  
by paragraph 7#d7-- 7,a7 a list of the  
entities that employ significant numbers
 of nationals of the ,democratic        
,people's ,republic of ,korea earning   
income in the jurisdiction of that      
country2 and  7,b7 an assessment of     
which national or local government      
agencies and officials are involved in  
facilitating the work1 presence1 or     
authorization for work of nationals of  
the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of  
,korea earning income in the            
jurisdiction of the country and of      
safety oversight attachs of the         
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea4  4  7#b7 ,frequency of reports  
clarified ,section #cjb7;a7 of the      
,north ,korea ,sanctions and ,policy    
,enhancement ,act of #bjaf 7#bb         
,u4,s4,c4 #ibda7;a77 is amended by      
striking periodically and inserting     
every #abj days4  ,,iv ,enhancing       
sanctions with respect to the           
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      

,korea  #dja4 ,sanctions related to     
enablers of the ,democratic ,people's   
,republic of ,korea ,section #ajd7;d7 of
 the ,north ,korea ,sanctions and       
,policy ,enhancement ,act of #bjaf 7#bb 
,u4,s4,c4 #ibad7;d77 is amended to read 
as follows3  7d7 ,application to certain
 persons1 subsidiaries1 and agents ,the 
designation of a person under subsection
 7a7 or 7b7 and the blocking of property
 and interests in property under        
subsection 7c7 shall apply with respect 
to a person who is determined--  7#a7 to
 be owned or controlled by1 or to have  
acted or purported to have acted for or 
on behalf of1 directly or indirectly1   
any person whose property and interests 
in property are blocked pursuant to this
 section2 or  7#b7 to knowingly assist1 
sponsor1 or provide significant         
financial1 material1 or technological   
support to or for a person designated   
under--  7,a7 subsection 7a7 or 7b72    
7,b7 an applicable ,executive order2 or 
7,c7 an applicable ,united ,nations     

,security ,council resolution4  4  #djb4
 ,modification of penalties relating to 
sanctions ,section #ajd7;f7 of the      
,north ,korea ,sanctions and ,policy    
,enhancement ,act of #bjaf 7#bb         
,u4,s4,c4 #ibad7;f77 is amended to read 
as follows3  7f7 ,penalties  7#a7       
,prohibited conduct ,it shall be        
unlawful for any person-- 7,a7 to engage
 in1 conspire or attempt to engage in1  
or cause any of the conduct described in
 paragraphs 7#a7 through 7#ad7 of       
subsection 7a72  7,b7 to knowingly evade
 or avoid a prohibition on such conduct 
or the imposition of a sanction or      
penalty relating to such conduct2 or    
7,c7 to violate1 attempt to violate1    
conspire to violate1 or cause a         
violation of any license1 order1        
regulation1 or prohibition issued to    
carry out this section4  7#b7 ,civil    
penalties ,a person who engages in an   
unlawful act described in paragraph 7#a7
 shall be subject to a civil penalty in 
an amount not to exceed the greater of--

  7,a7 #ejj1jjj2 or  7,b7 an amount that
 is twice the amount of the transaction 
that is the basis of the violation with 
respect to which the penalty is imposed4
  7#c7 ,criminal penalties ,a person who
 willfully engages in an unlawful act   
described in paragraph 7#a7 shall1 upon 
conviction1 be fined not more than      
#a1jjj1jjj and1 in the case of an       
individual1 imprisoned for not more than
 #bj years1 or both4  7#d7 ,rule of     
construction ,the civil and criminal    
penalties under paragraphs 7#b7 and 7#c7
 for engaging an unlawful act described 
in paragraph 7#a7 shall be imposed with 
respect to a person without regard to   
whether the ,president has designated   
the person for the imposition of        
sanctions under this section or pursuant
 to the ,international ,emergency       
,economic ,powers ,act 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4   
#agja et seq474  4  #djc4 ,enhancement  
of cargo screening criteria ,section    
#bje7;c77#a7 of the ,north ,korea       
,sanctions and ,policy ,enhancement ,act

 of #bjaf 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #ibbe7;c77#a77 
is amended--  7#a7 in subparagraph 7,b71
 by striking 2 or and inserting a       
semicolon2  7#b7 in subparagraph 7,c71  
by striking the period and inserting 2  
or2 and  7#c7 by adding at the end the  
following3  7,d7 originates in a        
jurisdiction or a geographical area that
 the ,secretary determines is otherwise 
of concern with respect to evasion of   
sanctions mandated with respect to      
,north ,korea4  4  #djd4 ,enforcement of
 ,united ,nations sanctions with respect
 to crude oil and refined petroleum     
products  7a7 ,in general ,title ,,ii of
 the ,north ,korea ,sanctions and       
,policy ,enhancement ,act of #bjaf 7#bb 
,u4,s4,c4 #ibba et seq47 is amended by  
inserting the following3  #bab4         
,enforcement of ,united ,nations        
sanctions with respect to crude oil and 
refined petroleum products  7a7 ,in     
general ,the ,president shall impose one
 or more of the sanctions described in  
subsection 7c7 on a person described in 

subsection 7b74  7b7 ,person described  
,a person described in this subsection  
is a person that-- 7#a7 the ,president  
determines knowingly1 on or after the   
date of the enactment of the ,leverage  
to ,enhance ,effective ,diplomacy ,act  
of #bjai1 directly or indirectly1       
supplies1 sells1 or transfers crude oil 
to any entity or instrumentality of the 
,government of ,north ,korea or any     
person representing that government2 and
  7#b7 is organized under the laws of a 
jurisdiction that the ,president        
determines to have exported more than   
the aggregate amount of #d1jjj1jjj      
barrels of crude oil during any         
#ab-month period to ,north ,korea4  7c7 
,sanctions described ,the sanctions     
described in this subsection are the    
following3 7#a7 ,asset blocking ,the    
,president may block and prohibit all   
transactions in all property and        
interests in property of a person       
described in subsection 7b7 if such     
property and interests in property are  

in the ,united ,states1 come within the 
,united ,states1 or are or come within  
the possession or control of a ,united  
,states person4  7#b7 ,ban on investment
 in equity or debt ,the ,president may1 
pursuant to such regulations or         
guidelines as the ,president may        
prescribe1 prohibit any ,united ,states 
person from investing in or purchasing  
significant amounts of equity or debt   
instruments of the person described in  
subsection 7b74  7#c7 ,exclusion of     
corporate officers ,the ,president may  
direct the ,secretary of ,state to deny 
a visa to1 and the ,secretary of        
,homeland ,security to exclude from the 
,united ,states1 any alien that the     
,president determines is a corporate    
officer or principal of1 or a           
shareholder with a controlling interest 
in1 the person described in subsection  
7b74  7#d7 ,sanctions on principal      
executive officers ,the ,president may  
impose on the principal executive       
officer or officers of the person       

described in subsection 7b71 or on      
persons performing similar functions and
 with similar authorities as such       
officer or officers1 any of the         
sanctions under this subsection4  7d7   
,waivers  7#a7 ,efforts to enforce      
united nations limits ,the ,president   
may waive the application of sanctions  
under subsection 7a7 if the ,president  
certifies to ,congress that the         
jurisdiction described in subsection    
7b77#b7 is applying appropriate effort  
to--  7,a7 fulfill its obligation under 
international law to prohibit its       
nationals1 individuals otherwise subject
 to its jurisdiction1 entities          
incorporated in its territory or subject
 to its jurisdiction1 and vessels flying
 its flag from facilitating or engaging 
in ship-to-ship transfers to or from    
,north ,korea-flagged vessels of any    
goods or items that are being supplied1 
sold1 or transferred to or from ,north  
,korea1 including refined petroleum     
products and coal2 and  7,b7 reduce1    

towards the limit established by the    
,united ,nations ,security ,council1 the
 aggregate amount of crude oil exported 
from or re-exported through the         
jurisdiction to ,north ,korea4  7#b7    
,national security ,the ,president may  
waive the application of sanctions under
 subsection 7a7 if the ,president       
certifies to ,congress that the waiver  
is important to the national security   
interest of the ,united ,states4  7#c7  
,briefing required ,if the ,president   
waives the application of sanctions     
under paragraph 7#a7 or 7#b71 the       
,president shall brief the following    
committees on the waiver3  7,a7 ,the    
,committee on ,banking1 ,housing1 and   
,urban ,affairs and the ,committee on   
,foreign ,relations of the ,senate4     
7,b7 ,the ,committee on ,financial      
,services and the ,committee on ,foreign
 ,affairs of the ,house of              
,representatives4  7e7 ,united ,states  
person defined ,in this section1 the    
term ,united ,states person means-- 7#a7

 a ,united ,states citizen or an alien  
lawfully admitted for permanent         
residence to the ,united ,states2 or    
7#b7 an entity organized under the laws 
of the ,united ,states or of any        
jurisdiction within the ,united ,states1
 including a foreign branch of such an  
entity4  4  7b7 ,clerical amendment ,the
 table of contents for the ,north ,korea
 ,sanctions and ,policy ,enhancement    
,act of #bjaf is amended by inserting   
after the item relating to section #baa 
the following3  ,sec4 #bab4 ,enforcement
 of ,united ,nations sanctions with     
respect to crude oil and refined        
petroleum products4  4  #dje4 ,sanctions
 with respect to sourcing1 manufacture1 
trade1 or distribution of illicit       
substances ,section #ajd7;a77#f7 of the 
,north ,korea ,sanctions and ,policy    
,enhancement ,act of #bjaf 7#bb         
,u4,s4,c4 #ibad7;a77#f77 is amended by  
striking narcotics trafficking and      
inserting trafficking of1 or            
facilitation of the souring1            

manufacture1 trade1 or distribution of  
methamphetamines1 narcotics including   
opioids such as fentanyl1 and other     
illicit substances14  #djf4 ,report on  
certain entities conducting business    
with the ,democratic ,people's ,republic
 of ,korea  7a7 ,in general ,not later  
than #ij days after the date of the date
 of the enactment of this ,act1 the     
,president shall submit to the          
appropriate congressional committees a  
report that includes the following3     
7#a7 ,a list of entities that1 during   
the #ab-month period preceding          
submission of the report1 have imported 
or exported any goods1 services1 or     
technology to or from the ,democratic   
,people's ,republic of ,korea valued at 
more than #ajj1jjj1jjj4  7#b7 ,a list of
 entities in the ,people's ,republic of 
,china1 the ,russian ,federation1 and   
other countries outside of the          
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea that are known to employ         
significant numbers of laborers from the

 ,democratic ,people's ,republic of     
,korea4  7#c7 ,for each country that    
hosts significant numbers of such       
laborers1 a list of specific economic   
sectors in which such laborers are most 
commonly used4  7b7 ,form ,the report   
required by subsection 7a7 shall be     
submitted in unclassified form1 but may 
include a classified annex4  7c7        
,briefing ,the ,president shall brief   
the appropriate congressional           
committees1 in a classified setting if  
necessary1 not later than #cj days after
 the delivery of the report required by 
subsection 7a7 on whether the entities  
identified in subsection 7a77#b7 meet   
the criteria for designation for the    
imposition of sanctions under applicable
 provisions of law4  #djg4 ,enhancing   
the review process for changes to       
sanctions and rulemaking ,section #bjh  
of the ,north ,korea ,sanctions and     
,policy ,enhancement ,act of #bjaf 7#bb 
,u4,s4,c4 #ibbh7 is amended by adding at
 the end the following3  7e7            

,certification requirement for removal  
of certain persons from the list of     
specially designated nationals and      
blocked persons  7#a7 ,in general ,on   
and after the date of the enactment of  
the ,leverage to ,enhance ,effective    
,diplomacy ,act of #bjai1 the ,president
 may not remove a person described in   
paragraph 7#b7 from the list of         
specially designated nationals and      
blocked persons maintained by the       
,office of ,foreign ,asset ,control of  
the ,department of the ,treasury unless 
and until the ,president submits to the 
appropriate congressional committees a  
certification described in paragraph    
7#c7 with respect to the person4  7#b7  
,persons described ,a person described  
in this paragraph is a person the       
property and interests in property of   
which are blocked pursuant to the       
,international ,emergency ,economic     
,powers ,act 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #agja et    
seq47 under this ,act1 an applicable    
,executive order1 or an applicable      

,united ,nations ,security ,council     
resolution4  7#c7 ,certification        
described ,a certification described in 
this paragraph with respect to a person 
is a certification that the person is   
not engaging in conduct--  7,a7 for     
which the person was included on the    
list of specially designated nationals  
and blocked persons by the ,office of   
,foreign ,assets ,control2 or  7,b7 that
 violates applicable ,united ,states or 
international laws4  7#d7 ,form ,a      
certification described in paragraph    
7#c7 shall be submitted in unclassified 
form1 but may include a classified      
annex4  7f7 ,certification requirement  
for removal of designation of ,north    
,korea as a jurisdiction of primary     
money laundering concern  7#a7 ,in      
general ,the ,president may not         
terminate the designation of ,north     
,korea as a jurisdiction of primary     
money laundering concern pursuant to    
section #ecah;,a of title #ca1 ,united  
,states ,code1 unless the ,president    

submits to the appropriate congressional
 committees a certification described in
 paragraph 7#b7 with respect to ,north  
,korea4  7#b7 ,certification described  
,a certification described in this      
paragraph is a certification that the   
,government of ,north ,korea--  7,a7 is 
no longer using state-controlled        
financial institutions and front        
companies to conduct transactions that  
support the proliferation of weapons of 
mass destruction and ballistic missiles2
  7,b7 has instituted sufficient bank   
supervision and controls with respect to
 anti-money laundering and combating the
 financing of terrorism2  7,c7 is       
cooperating with ,united ,states law    
enforcement and regulatory officials in 
obtaining information about transactions
 originating in or routed through or to 
,north ,korea2 and  7,d7 is no longer   
relying on the illicit and corrupt      
activity of high-level officials to     
support its government4  7#c7 ,form ,the
 certification described in paragraph   

7#b7 shall be submitted in unclassified 
form1 but may include a classified      
annex4  7g7 ,applicability of           
congressional review of certain agency  
rulemaking relating to ,north ,korea    
,notwithstanding any other provision of 
law1 any rule to amend or otherwise     
alter any provision of part #eaj of     
title #ca1 ,code of ,federal            
,regulations1 that is published on or   
after the date of the enactment of the  
,leverage to ,enhance ,effective        
,diplomacy ,act of #bjai shall be deemed
 to be a rule or major rule 7as the case
 may be7 for purposes of chapter #h of  
title #e1 ,united ,states ,code1 and    
shall be subject to all applicable      
requirements of that chapter4  4  #djh4 
,reinforcing global export controls     
,there are authorized to be appropriated
 to the ,secretary of ,state such sums  
as may be necessary to assess and1 where
 necessary1 to enhance the adequacy of  
the export control regimes of ,united   
,nations member countries1 including    

through the use of action plans to      
encourage and assist countries in       
adopting and using authorities necessary
 to enforce sanctions and export        
controls required by ,united ,nations   
,security ,council resolutions4  #dji4  
,additional resources to detect evasion 
of sanctions targeting the ,democratic  
,people's ,republic of ,korea  7a7      
,authorization of appropriations ,there 
are authorized to be appropriated to the
 ,secretary of ,state and the ,secretary
 of the ,treasury such sums as may be   
necessary to enhance the ability of the 
,department of ,state and the           
,department of the ,treasury to detect  
evasion of sanctions targeting the      
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea1 including through actions       
described in subsection 7b74  7b7       
,assignment of detailees ,the ,secretary
 of the ,treasury should assign one     
additional detailee to each ,united     
,states embassy or consulate in each    
country that the ,secretary1 in         

consultation with the ,secretary of     
,state1 assesses to be commonly linked  
to evasion of sanctions targeting the   
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea4  7c7 ,sense of congress ,it is  
the sense of ,congress that the ,united 
,states should devote additional        
maritime patrol and reconnaissance      
aircraft to areas known to be associated
 with maritime forms of sanctions       
evasion by the ,democratic ,people's    
,republic of ,korea1 including          
ship-to-ship transfers of refined       
petroleum products1 oil1 coal1 and other
 goods and the export of arms by the    
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea1 to enhance the capability of the
 ,united ,states to detect and publicize
 such activities4  #daj4 ,briefing on   
evasion of sanctions targeting the      
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea  7a7 ,in general ,not later than 
#ahj days after the date of the         
enactment of this ,act1 and annually    
thereafter until the date that is #e    

years after such date of enactment1 the 
,secretary of ,state and the ,secretary 
of the ,treasury shall brief the        
appropriate congressional committees    
regarding evasion of sanctions targeting
 the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of 
,korea4  7b7 ,elements ,each briefing   
required by subsection 7a7 shall-- 7#a7 
cover each country described in section 
#dji7;b7 by discussing any known or     
suspected cases or types of sanctions   
evasion that implicate that country2 and
  7#b7 be based on the input of         
detailees assigned as described in that 
section4  #daa4 ,briefing on illicit use
 of virtual currencies by the           
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea  7a7 ,in general ,not later than 
#ahj days after the date of the         
enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary  
of the ,treasury shall brief the        
appropriate congressional committees on 
the illicit use of virtual currencies by
 the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of 
,korea4  7b7 ,elements ,the briefing    

required by subsection 7a7 shall-- 7#a7 
to the extent possible1 provide an      
estimate of the amount of fiat currency 
that the ,democratic ,people's ,republic
 of ,korea has been able to generate as 
of the date of the briefing through     
conversion of virtual currency obtained 
by illicit means including cyberattacks2
  7#b7 describe known pathways through  
which the ,democratic ,people's         
,republic of ,korea executes such       
conversions1 with an emphasis on        
identifying virtual currency exchanges  
used by the ,democratic ,people's       
,republic of ,korea or its agents2 and  
7#c7 cover any known instances of       
purchases of goods or services by the   
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea using virtual currency without   
converting that currency to fiat        
currency before the purchases4  #dab4   
,briefing on cross-border flows of      
fentanyl and other illicit substances   
7a7 ,in general ,not later than #ahj    
days after the date of the date of the  

enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary  
of the ,treasury shall brief the        
appropriate congressional committees on 
the methods by which the ,democratic    
,people's ,republic of ,korea produces  
and exports methamphetamines and other  
narcotics1 including opioids such as    
fentanyl4  7b7 ,elements ,the briefing  
required by subsection 7a7 shall-- 7#a7 
provide estimates of the amounts of     
illicit substances exported by the      
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea and the associated revenues2     
7#b7 describe known pathways through    
which the ,democratic ,people's         
,republic of ,korea procures precursors 
for and conducts exports of such        
substances1 with particular focus on    
exports into the ,people's ,republic of 
,china2 and  7#c7 assess the extent to  
which such pathways differ from pathways
 used by the ,democratic ,people's      
,republic of ,korea to export arms and  
other goods the export of which is      
prohibited4  #dac4 ,briefing on ,united 

,states citizens detained by the        
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea  7a7 ,in general ,notwithstanding
 any other provision of law1 not later  
than #cj days after the date of the     
enactment of this ,act1 and every #ahj  
days thereafter until the date that is  
#b years after such date of enactment1  
the ,secretary of ,state shall brief the
 appropriate congressional committees on
 ,united ,states citizens detained by   
the ,government of the ,democratic      
,people's ,republic of ,korea1 including
 ,united ,states citizens who are also  
citizens of other countries4  7b7       
,elements ,each briefing required by    
subsection 7a7 shall1 to the extent     
practicable and appropriate1 include1   
with respect to each ,united ,states    
citizen detained by the ,government of  
the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of  
,korea1 the following3  7#a7 ,the name  
of the ,united ,states citizen4  7#b7 ,a
 description of the circumstances       
surrounding the detention of the ,united

 ,states citizen4  7#c7 ,an assessment  
of the health and welfare of the ,united
 ,states citizen4  7#d7 ,an assessment  
of whether any ,united ,states          
,government officials or foreign        
government officials have been provided 
access to the ,united ,states citizen4  
7#e7 ,a summary of any communications or
 comments by officials of the           
,government of the ,democratic ,people's
 ,republic of ,korea regarding the      
detention and welfare of the ,united    
,states citizen4  7#f7 ,a summary of    
official communications by ,united      
,states ,government officials or foreign
 government officials1 or other persons 
acting on behalf of those officials1    
regarding the ,united ,states citizen1  
including efforts to secure the release 
of the ,united ,states citizen4  7c7    
,interim briefings ,during periods      
between briefings under subsection 7a71 
the ,secretary of ,state shall brief the
 appropriate congressional committees on
 any significant updates on the status  

and welfare of any ,united ,states      
citizens detained by the ,government of 
the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of  
,korea4  #dad4 ,addition of discussion  
of sanctions evasion to annual report of
 the ,united ,states-,china ,economic   
and ,security ,review ,commission       
,section #abch7;c77#b7 of the ,floyd ,d4
 ,spence ,national ,defense             
,authorization ,act for ,fiscal ,year   
#bjja 7as enacted into law by ,public   
,law #ajf-cih2 #bb ,u4,s4,c4            
#gjjb7;c77#b77 is amended by adding at  
the end the following3  7,l7 ,the       
evasion of sanctions targeting the      
,democratic ,people's ,republic of      
,korea by or involving the ,people's    
,republic of ,china4  4  #dae4          
,exception relating to importation of   
goods  7a7 ,in general ,no provision    
affecting sanctions under this title or 
an amendment made by this title shall   
apply to sanctions on the importation of
 goods4  7b7 ,good defined ,in this     
section1 the term good means any        

article1 natural or manmade substance1  
material1 supply or manufactured        
product1 including inspection and test  
equipment1 and excluding technical data4
  #daf4 ,appropriate congressional      
committees defined ,in this title1 the  
term appropriate congressional          
committees means-- 7#a7 the ,committee  
on ,foreign ,relations and the          
,committee on ,banking1 ,housing1 and   
,urban ,affairs of the ,senate2 and     
7#b7 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs
 and the ,committee on ,financial       
,services of the ,house of              
,representatives4  #dag4 ,effective date
 ,the amendments made by this title     
shall take effect on the date of the    
enactment of this ,act and apply with   
respect to conduct engaged on or after  
such date of enactment4  ,v             
,miscellaneous  #eja4 ,authority to     
consolidate reports and briefings ,any  
reports or briefings required to be     
submitted to ,congress under this ,act  
or any amendments made by this ,act that

 are subject to a deadline for          
submission consisting of the same unit  
of time may be consolidated into a      
single report or briefing4 ,the         
consolidated report or briefing shall   
contain all information required under  
this ,act or any amendment made by this 
,act with respect to the reports        
comprising such consolidated report or  
briefing4