,,ii  #aafth ,,congress  #ast ,session  
,s4 #ahgi  ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of     
,,the ,,united ,,states  ,june #ah1     
#bjai,mr4 ,hawley introduced the        
following bill2 which was read twice and
 referred to the ,committee on ,homeland
 ,security and ,governmental ,affairs   
,a ,,bill  ,to call on the ,secretary of
 ,homeland ,security to lead a task     
force to address the threat of foreign  
government influence and threats to     
academic research integrity on college  
campuses1 and for other purposes4  #a4  
,short ,title ,this ,act may be cited as
 the ,protect ,our ,universities ,act of
 #bjai4  #b4 ,findings ,congress finds  
the following3  7#a7 ,the ,united       
,states enjoys one of the most vibrant  
and open education systems in the world4
 ,the free flow of ideas has led to the 
development of innovative technologies  
and new modes of thinking4 ,the openness
 of the system also puts it at risk4    
,adversaries of the ,united ,states take
 advantage of access to federally funded

 sensitive research that takes place on 
the campuses of institutions of higher  
education4  7#b7 ,according to ,alex    
,joske of the ,australian ,strategic    
,policy ,institute1 there are thousands 
of scientists with links to ,china's    
,people's ,liberation ,army who have    
traveled to ,american universities over 
the last several years4 ,in his report1 
,joske described the ,chinese military's
 tactic as picking flowers in foreign   
lands to make honey in ,china4  7#c7 ,as
 stated in the ,january #bjah ,china's  
,technology ,transfer ,strategy report  
by the ,defense ,innovation ,unit1      
,academia is an opportune environment   
for learning about science and          
technology since the cultural values of 
,u4,s4 educational institutions reflect 
an open and free exchange of ideas4 ,as 
a result1 ,chinese science and          
engineering students frequently master  
technologies that later become critical 
to key military systems1 amounting over 
time to unintentional violations of     

,u4,s4 export control laws44  7#d7 ,in  
,federal ,bureau of ,investigation      
7,,fbi7 ,director ,wray's view1 ,chinese
 nontraditional intelligence collectors 
are exploiting the very open research   
and development environment that we     
have1 which we all revere4 ,but they're 
taking advantage of it1 so one of the   
things we're trying to do is view the   
,china threat as not just the           
whole-of-government threat1 but a       
whole-of-society threat on their end1   
and ,i think it's going to take a       
whole-of-society response by us44  7#e7 
,russia has also attempted to exploit   
the openness of our university system   
for intelligence purposes4 ,in #bjab1   
for instance1 the ,russian ,foreign     
,intelligence ,service 7,,svr7 tasked an
 undercover officer at ,columbia        
,university with recruiting classmates  
or professors who might have access to  
sensitive information4  7#f7 ,iran poses
 a similar threat4 ,in #bjab1 ,president
 ,barack ,obama signed into law the     

,iran ,threat ,reduction and ,syria     
,human ,rights ,act of #bjab 7,public   
,law #aab-aeh71 which prohibited        
issuance of a student visa to any       
,iranian who wished to pursue coursework
 in preparation for a career in the     
,iranian energy1 nuclear science1 or    
nuclear engineering sectors1 or related 
fields4  7#g7 ,the ,united ,states      
recognizes the great value of           
appropriate openness and the security   
need of striking a balance with asset   
protection4  7#h7 ,however1 technology  
and information that could be deemed    
sensitive to the national security      
interests of the ,united ,states should 
be given increased scrutiny to determine
 if access should be restricted in a    
research environment4  7#i7 ,an open    
federally funded research environment   
exposes the ,united ,states to the      
possibility of exchanging research      
affiliated with current or future       
critical military technological systems4
  7#aj7 ,this ,act preserves the        

openness of ,america's higher education 
system1 while preventing adversaries    
from exploiting that very system in     
furtherance of their own repressive     
agendas4  #c4 ,task force and sensitive 
research project designation  7a7 ,task 
force established ,not later than one   
year after the date of enactment of this
 ,act1 the ,secretary of ,homeland      
,security1 in consultation with the     
,secretary of ,state and the ,director  
of ,national ,intelligence1 shall       
establish the ,national ,security       
,technology ,task ,force 7hereinafter   
referred to as the ,task ,force7 to     
address the threat of espionage1        
targeting research and development at   
institutions of higher education that is
 funded in part or whole by any member  
agency of the ,task ,force4  7b7        
,membership  7#a7 ,designation  7,a7    
,participation ,the ,task ,force shall  
include not more than #cj members as    
follows3 7i7 ,at least #a representative
 shall be from the ,department of       

,homeland ,security1 designated by the  
,secretary of ,homeland ,security4  7ii7
 ,the ,secretary of ,homeland ,security 
shall coordinate with the following in  
order to secure their participation on  
the ,task ,force3  7,i7 ,the ,director  
of ,national ,intelligence for at least 
#a representative from the intelligence 
community4  7,,ii7 ,the ,united ,states 
,attorney ,general for at least #a      
representative from the ,department of  
,justice4  7,,iii7 ,the ,director of the
 ,federal ,bureau of ,investigation for 
at least #a representative from the     
,federal ,bureau of ,investigation4     
7,,iv7 ,the ,secretary of ,energy for at
 least #a representative from the       
,department of ,energy4  7,v7 ,the      
,secretary of ,education for at least #a
 representative from each of the        
following offices of the ,department of 
,education3  7aa7 ,the ,office of       
,postsecondary ,education4  7bb7 ,the   
,office of the ,general ,counsel4  7cc7 
,any other office the ,secretary of     

,homeland ,security determines to be    
appropriate4  7,,vi7 ,the ,secretary of 
,state for at least #a representative   
from the ,department of ,state4  7,,vii7
 ,the ,secretary of ,defense for at     
least #a representative from the        
,department of ,defense4  7,,viii7 ,the 
,director of the ,national ,institutes  
of ,health for at least #a              
representative from the ,national       
,institutes of ,health4  7,,ix7 ,the    
,director of the ,office of ,science and
 ,technology ,policy4  7,b7 ,equal      
representation ,each agency represented 
on the ,task ,force shall maintain equal
 representation with the other agencies 
on the ,task ,force4  7#b7 ,membership  
list ,not later than #aj days after the 
first meeting of the ,task ,force1 the  
,task ,force shall submit to ,congress a
 list identifying each member agency of 
the ,task ,force4  7c7 ,sensitive       
research topics list ,the ,task ,force  
shall maintain a list of topics         
determined sensitive by one or more     

,task ,force member agencies4 ,such list
 shall be referred to as the ,sensitive 
,research ,topics ,list and be populated
 and maintained in accordance with the  
following3  7#a7 ,not later than #ij    
days after the date of enactment of this
 ,act1 each ,task ,force member agency  
shall generate an initial list of       
research topics determined sensitive for
 national security reasons and submit   
such list to the ,office of the         
,director of ,national ,intelligence4   
7#b7 ,each ,task ,force member agency   
shall update their respective list of   
sensitive research topics on a #f-month 
basis and submit changes to the ,office 
of the ,director of ,national           
,intelligence4  7#c7 ,task ,force member
 agency inputs described in paragraphs  
7#a7 and 7#b7 shall be added to-- 7,a7  
any item listed on the ,commerce        
,control ,list 7,,ccl7 maintained by the
 ,department of ,commerce2 and  7,b7 any
 item listed on the ,united ,states     
,munitions ,list maintained by the      

,department of ,state4  7#d7 ,not later 
than #ij days after receipt of ,task    
,force member agency inputs described in
 paragraphs 7#a7 and 7#b71 the ,office  
of the ,director of ,national           
,intelligence shall compile the inputs  
and issue the first ,sensitive ,research
 ,topics ,list to all ,task ,force      
member agencies4 ,thereafter1 the       
,office of ,directory of ,national      
,intelligence shall maintain an updated 
list of the research topics based on    
,task ,force member agency inputs and   
any changes to the ,commerce ,control   
,list and the ,united ,states ,munitions
 ,list1 and ensure an updated version of
 the ,sensitive ,research ,topic ,lists 
is available to all of the ,task ,force 
member agencies4  7d7 ,sensitive        
research projects list ,the ,task ,force
 shall maintain a list of projects      
funded by ,task ,force member agencies  
and addressing sensitive research       
topics4 ,such list shall be referred to 
as the ,sensitive ,research ,projects   

,list and be populated and maintained in
 accordance with the following3  7#a7   
,not later than #ij days after the first
 issuance of the ,sensitive ,research   
,topics ,list1 each ,task ,force member 
agency shall identify any ongoing or    
scheduled projects that--  7,a7 receive 
or are scheduled to receive funding from
 said agency2  7,b7 involve personnel   
from an institution of higher education2
 and  7,c7 address one or more topics   
found on the ,sensitive ,research       
,topics ,list4  7#b7 ,the ,task ,force  
shall collect the following information 
relevant to each project identified in  
paragraph 7#a73  7,a7 ,the ,task ,force 
member agency that is funding the       
project4  7,b7 ,which topic on the      
,sensitive ,research ,topics ,list is   
addressed by the project4  7,c7 ,contact
 information for the principal          
investigator on the project4  7#c7 ,the 
,task ,force shall submit the ,sensitive
 ,research ,projects ,list1 with the    
required information1 to the ,office of 

the ,director of ,national              
,intelligence1 who shall maintain the   
,sensitive ,research ,projects ,list4   
7#d7 ,the ,sensitive ,research ,projects
 ,list shall be updated in response to  
any changes to the ,sensitive ,research 
,topics ,list1 and--  7,a7 the ,office  
of the ,director of ,national           
,intelligence shall issue notification  
to all ,task ,force member agencies of  
any changes to the ,sensitive ,research 
,topics ,list resulting from updated    
inputs from ,task ,force member agencies
 or the ,commerce ,control ,lists or    
,united ,states ,munitions ,list2 and   
7,b7 each ,task ,force member agency    
shall-- 7i7 reinitiate the process      
detailed in paragraph 7#a72 and  7ii7   
provide an updated list of agency-funded
 sensitive research projects to the     
,office of the ,director of ,national   
,intelligence4  7e7 ,consultation with  
,,oig ,the ,task ,force shall           
periodically1 but not less frequently   
than annually1 consult with the ,office 

of the ,inspector ,general of the       
,department of ,homeland ,security1     
which shall include annual reports to   
the ,office of the ,inspector ,general  
on the activities of the ,task ,force1  
with an opportunity for the ,office of  
the ,inspector ,general to provide      
active feedback related to such         
activities4  7f7 ,instruction to        
institutions of higher education ,not   
less frequently than annually1 the ,task
 ,force shall provide relevant          
instruction to institutions of higher   
education at which research projects on 
the ,sensitive ,research ,projects ,list
 are being carried out4 ,such           
instruction shall provide the           
institutions of higher education with   
information related to the threat posed 
by espionage1 best practices identified 
by the ,task ,force1 and1 to the extent 
possible1 any specific risks that the   
intelligence community1 the qualified   
funding agency1 or law enforcement      
entities determine appropriate to share 

with the institutions4  7g7 ,report to  
,congress ,not later than one year after
 the date of enactment of this ,act1 and
 every #f months thereafter1 the ,task  
,force shall provide a report to the    
,committee on ,homeland ,security and   
,governmental ,affairs1 the ,committee  
on ,health1 ,education1 ,labor1 and     
,pensions1 the ,committee on ,armed     
,services1 and the ,select ,committee on
 ,intelligence of the ,senate and to the
 ,committee on ,homeland ,security1 the 
,committee on ,education and ,labor1 the
 ,committee on ,armed ,services1 and the
 ,permanent ,select ,committee on       
,intelligence of the ,house of          
,representatives1 regarding the threat  
of espionage at institutions of higher  
education4 ,in each such briefing1 the  
,task ,force shall identify actions that
 may be taken to reduce espionage       
carried out through student             
participation in sensitive research     
projects4 ,the ,task ,force shall also  
include in this report an assessment of 

whether the current licensing           
regulations relating to the             
,international ,traffic in ,arms        
,regulations and the ,export            
,administration ,regulations are        
sufficient to protect the security of   
the projects listed on the ,sensitive   
,research ,projects ,list4  #d4 ,foreign
 student participation in sensitive     
research projects  7a7 ,approval of     
foreign student participation required  
7#a7 ,in general ,beginning on the date 
that is one year after the date of      
enactment of this ,act1 for each project
 on the ,sensitive ,research ,projects  
,list that is open to student           
participation1 the head of such project 
at the institution of higher education  
at which the project is being carried   
out shall--  7,a7 obtain proof of       
citizenship from any student            
participating or expected to participate
 in such project before the student is  
permitted to participate in such        
project2 and  7,b7 for any student who  

is a citizen of a country identified in 
subsection 7b71 submit the required     
information1 to be defined in           
coordination with the office designated 
by the ,task ,force to perform the      
background screening1 to their          
grantmaking agency1 who shall transmit  
that information in a standardized      
format1 to be stipulated in coordination
 with the office designated by the ,task
 ,force to perform the background       
screening1 to the office designated by  
the ,task ,force to perform the         
background screening4  7#b7 ,background 
screening ,an office designated by the  
,task ,force shall perform a background 
screening of a student described in     
paragraph 7#a7 and approve or deny the  
student's participation in the relevant 
project within #ij days of initial      
receipt of the information described in 
paragraph 7#a77;,b71 and--  7,a7 the    
scope of any such screening shall be    
determined by the designated office in  
consultation with the ,task ,force1 with

 reference to the specific project and  
the requirements of the grantmaking     
agency2  7,b7 the ,secretary of         
,homeland ,security1 as head of the     
,task ,force1 shall retain authority to 
delay approval or denial of a student's 
participation in a sensitive research   
project in #cj-;day increments1 as      
needed in coordination with ,task ,force
 member agencies2 and  7,c7 institutions
 of higher education shall maintain the 
right to petition findings and contest  
the outcome of a screening4  7b7 ,list  
of citizenship requiring approval       
,approval under subsection 7a7 shall be 
required for any student who is a       
citizen of a country that is one of the 
following3  7#a7 ,the ,people's         
,republic of ,china4  7#b7 ,the ,russian
 ,federation4  7#c7 ,the ,islamic       
,republic of ,iran4  #e4 ,foreign       
entities  7a7 ,list of foreign entities 
that pose an intelligence threat ,not   
later than one year after the date of   
the enactment of this ,act1 the         

,secretary of ,homeland ,security shall 
coordinate with the ,director of        
,national ,intelligence to identify     
foreign entities1 including governments1
 corporations1 nonprofit and for-profit 
organizations1 and any subsidiary or    
affiliate of such an entity1 that the   
,director determines pose a threat of   
espionage with respect to sensitive     
research projects1 and shall develop and
 maintain a list of such entities4 ,the 
,director may add or remove entities    
from such list at any time4 ,the initial
 list developed by the ,director shall  
include the following entities          
7including any subsidiary or affiliate73
  7#a7 ,huawei ,technologies ,company4  
7#b7 ,,zte ,corporation4  7#c7 ,hytera  
,communications ,corporation4  7#d7     
,hangzhou ,hikvision ,digital           
,technology ,company4  7#e7 ,dahua      
,technology ,company4  7#f7 ,kaspersky  
,lab4  7#g7 ,any entity that is owned or
 controlled by1 or otherwise has        
demonstrated financial ties to1 the     

government of a country identified under
 section #d7;b74  7b7 ,notice to        
institutions of higher education ,the   
,secretary of ,homeland ,security shall 
make the initial list required under    
subsection 7a7 in coordination with the 
,director of ,national ,intelligence1   
and any changes to such list1 available 
to the ,task ,force and the head of each
 qualified funding agency as soon as    
practicable4 ,the ,secretary of         
,homeland ,security shall provide such  
initial list and subsequent amendments  
to each institution of higher education 
at which a project on the ,sensitive    
,research ,projects ,list is being      
carried out4  7c7 ,prohibition on use of
 certain technologies ,beginning on the 
date that is one year after the date of 
the enactment of this ,act1 the head of 
each sensitive research project shall1  
as a condition of receipt of funds from 
the ,department of ,homeland ,security1 
certify to the ,secretary of ,homeland  
,security1 beginning on the date that is

 #b years after the date of the         
enactment of this ,act1 any technology  
developed by an entity included on the  
list maintained under subsection 7a7    
shall not be utilized in carrying out   
the sensitive research project4  #f4    
,enforcement ,the ,secretary of         
,homeland ,security shall take such     
steps as may be necessary to enforce the
 provisions of sections #d and #e of    
this ,act4 ,upon determination that the 
head of a sensitive research project has
 failed to meet the requirements of     
either section #d or section #e1 the    
,secretary of ,homeland ,security may   
determine the appropriate enforcement   
action1 including--  7#a7 imposing a    
probationary period1 not to exceed #f   
months1 on the head of such project1 or 
on the project2  7#b7 reducing or       
otherwise limiting the funding for such 
project until the violation has been    
remedied2  7#c7 permanently cancelling  
the funding for such project2 or  7#d7  
any other action the head of the        

qualified funding agency determines to  
be appropriate4  #g4 ,definitions ,in   
this ,act3  7#a7 ,citizen of a country  
,the term citizen of a country1 with    
respect to a student1 includes all      
countries in which the student has held 
or holds citizenship or holds permanent 
residency4  7#b7 ,institution of higher 
education ,the term institution of      
higher education means an institution   
described in section #ajb of the ,higher
 ,education ,act of #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4
 #ajjb7 that receives ,federal funds in 
any amount and for any purpose4  7#c7   
,intelligence community ,the term       
intelligence community has the meaning  
given that term in section #c of the    
,national ,security ,act of #aidg 7#ej  
,u4,s4,c4 #cjjc74  7#d7 ,qualified      
funding agency ,the term qualified      
funding agency1 with respect to a       
sensitive research project1 means-- 7,a7
 the ,department of ,defense1 if the    
sensitive research project is funded in 
whole or in part by the ,department of  

,defense2  7,b7 the ,department of      
,energy1 if the sensitive research      
project is funded in whole or in part by
 the ,department of ,energy2 or  7,c7 an
 element of the intelligence community1 
if the sensitive research project is    
funded in whole or in part by the       
element of the intelligence community4  
7#e7 ,sensitive research project ,the   
term sensitive research project means a 
research project at an institution of   
higher education that is funded by a    
,task ,force member agency1 except that 
such term shall not include any research
 project that is classified or that     
requires the participants in such       
project to obtain a security clearance4 
7#f7 ,student participation ,the term   
student participation means any student 
activity of a student with access to    
sensitive research project-specific     
information for any reason4