,,ii #aaf? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,s4 #abja ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,april #aa1 #bjai,mr4 ,man*9 7= himself1 ,ms4 ,murk[ski1 ,mrs4 ,capito1 ,mr4 ,cram]1 & ,mr4 ,da9es7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,en]gy & ,natural ,res\rces ,a ,,bill ,to am5d ! fossil en]gy rese>* & developm5t provisions ( ! ,en]gy ,policy ,act ( #bjje to enhance fossil fuel te*nology1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,enhanc+ ,fossil ,fuel ,en]gy ,c>bon ,te*nology ,act ( #bjai4 #b4 ,e/abli%m5t ( coal & natural gas te*nology program 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,en]gy ,policy ,act ( #bjje is am5d$ by /rik+ section #ifb 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #afbib7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 #ifb4 ,coal & natural gas te*nology program 7a7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is section3 7#a7 ,l>ge-scale pilot project ,! t]m l>ge-scale pilot project means a pilot project t-- 7,a7 repres5ts ! scale ( te*nology developm5t beyond laboratory developm5t & b5* scale te/+1 b n yet advanc$ to ! po9t ( be+ te/$ "u real op]ational conditions at comm]cial scale2 7,b7 repres5ts ! scale ( te*nology necess>y to ga9 ! op]ational data ne$$ to und]/& ! te*nical & p]=mance risks ( ! te*nology be=e ! application ( t te*nology at comm]cial scale or 9 comm]cial-scale demon/ration2 & 7,c7 is l>ge en\gh-- 7i7 to validate scal+ factors2 & 7ii7 to demon/rate ! int]action betwe5 major compon5ts s t control philosophies = a new process c be develop$ & enable ! te*nology to advance f l>ge-scale pilot plant application to comm]cial-scale demon/ration or application4 7#b7 ,net-negative c>bon dioxide emissions te*nology ,! t]m net-negative c>bon dioxide emissions te*nology means te*nology-- 7,a7 = !rmo*emical co-conv]sion ( coal & biomass fuels t-- 7i7 uses a c>bon capture sy/em2 & 7ii7 ) c>bon dioxide removal1 ! ,secret>y det]m9es c provide electricity1 fuels1 or *emicals ) net-negative c>bon dioxide emissions f production & consumption ( ! end products1 :ile remov+ atmosph]ic c>bon dioxide2 & 7,b7 ?r\gh :i* ea* use ( coal w be comb9$ ) ! use ( a regionally indig5\s =m ( biomass en]gy1 provid$ on a r5ewable basis1 t is suffici5t 9 quantity to all[ = net-negative emissions ( c>bon dioxide 79 comb9ation ) a c>bon capture sy/em71 :ile avoid+ impacts on food production activities4 7#c7 ,program ,! t]m program means ! program e/abli%$ "u subsection 7b77#a74 7#d7 ,trans=mational te*nology 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m trans=mational te*nology means a p[] g5]ation te*nology t repres5ts a significant *ange 9 ! me?ods us$ to conv]t en]gy t w enable a /ep *ange 9 p]=mance1 effici5cy1 & co/ ( electricity z comp>$ to ! te*nology 9 exi/5ce on ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,enhanc+ ,fossil ,fuel ,en]gy ,c>bon ,te*nology ,act ( #bjai4 7,b7 ,inclusions ,! t]m trans=mational te*nology includes a broad range ( te*nology improvem5ts1 includ+-- 7i7 !rmodynamic improvem5ts 9 en]gy conv]sion & heat transf]1 includ+-- 7,i7 advanc$ combu/ion sy/ems1 includ+ oxyg5 combu/ion sy/ems & *emical loop+2 & 7,,ii7 ! replacem5t ( /eam cycles ) sup]critical c>bon dioxide cycles2 7ii7 improvem5ts 9 /eam or c>bon dioxide turb9e te*nology2 7iii7 improvem5ts 9 c>bon capture1 utilization1 & /orage sy/ems te*nology2 7iv7 improvem5ts 9 small-scale & modul> coal-fir$ te*nologies ) r$uc$ c>bon output or c>bon capture t c support increm5tal p[] g5]ation capacity additions2 7v7 fuel cell te*nologies = l[-co/1 high-effici5cy1 fuel-flexible modul> p[] sy/ems2 7vi7 advanc$ gasification sy/ems2 7vii7 !rmal cycl+ te*nologies2 & 7viii7 any o!r te*nology ! ,secret>y recognizes z trans=mational te*nology4 7b7 ,coal & natural gas te*nology program 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all e/abli% a coal & natural gas te*nology program to ensure ! cont9u$ use ( ! abundant dome/ic coal & natural gas res\rces ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ?r\gh ! developm5t ( te*nologies t w significantly improve ! effici5cy1 effectiv5ess1 co/s1 & environm5tal p]=mance ( coal & natural gas use4 7#b7 ,requirem5ts ,! program %all include-- 7,a7 a rese>* & developm5t program2 7,b7 l>ge-scale pilot projects2 7,c7 demon/ration projects2 & 7,d7 a front-end eng9e]+ & design program4 7#c7 ,program goals & objectives ,9 consultation ) ! int]e/$ entities describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#e77;,c71 ! ,secret>y %all develop goals & objectives = ! program to be appli$ to ! te*nologies develop$ )9 ! program1 tak+ into consid]ation ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,increas+ ! p]=mance ( coal & natural gas plants1 includ+ by-- 7i7 ensur+ reliable1 l[-co/ p[] f new & exi/+ coal & natural gas plants2 7ii7 a*iev+ high conv]sion effici5cies2 7iii7 address+ emissions ( c>bon dioxide ?r\gh high-effici5cy plat=ms2 7iv7 develop+ small-scale & modul> te*nologies to support increm5tal capacity additions & load foll[+ g5]ation1 9 addition to l>ge-scale g5]ation te*nologies2 7v7 support+ dispat*able op]ations = new & exi/+ applications ( coal & natural gas g5]ation2 & 7vi7 accel]at+ ! developm5t ( te*nologies t h trans=mational en]gy conv]sion *>act]i/ics4 7,b7 ,us+ c>bon capture1 utilization1 & seque/ration te*nologies to decrease ! c>bon dioxide emissions1 & ! environm5tal impact f c>bon dioxide emissions1 f new & exi/+ coal & natural gas plants1 includ+ by-- 7i7 accel]at+ ! developm5t ( te*nologies to capture c>bon dioxide emissions f new & exi/+ coal & natural gas plants2 7ii7 accel]at+ ! developm5t ( te*nologies to capture c>bon dioxide emissions f indu/rial facilities1 includ+-- 7,i7 nontraditional fuel manufactur+ facilities1 includ+ e?anol or o!r bi(uel production plants2 & 7,,ii7 en]gy-int5sive manufactur+ facilities t produce c>bon dioxide z a byproduct ( op]ations2 7iii7 support+ sites = safe geological /orage ( l>ge volumes ( an?ropog5ic s\rces ( c>bon dioxide & ! developm5t ( ! infra/ructure ne$$ to support a c>bon dioxide utilization & /orage indu/ry2 7iv7 improv+ ! conv]sion1 utilization1 & /orage ( c>bon dioxide produc$ f fossil fuels & o!r an?ropog5ic s\rces ( c>bon dioxide2 7v7 l[]+ gre5h\se gas emissions = all fossil fuel production1 g5]ation1 deliv]y1 & use1 to ! maximum ext5t practicable2 7vi7 develop+ c>bon utilization te*nologies1 products1 & me?ods1 includ+ c>bon use & reuse = comm]cial application2 & 7vii7 develop+ net-negative c>bon dioxide emissions te*nologies4 7,c7 ,decreas+ ! non-c>bon dioxide relevant environm5tal impacts ( coal & natural gas production1 includ+ by-- 7i7 fur!r r$uc+ non-c>bon dioxide air emissions2 & 7ii7 r$uc+ ! use1 & manag+ ! dis*>ge1 ( wat] 9 p[] plant op]ations4 7,d7 ,exam9+ me?ods ( conv]t+ coal & natural gas to o!r valuable products & commodities 9 addition to electricity4 7#d7 ,cross-cutt+ direction = c>bon capture1 utilization1 & seque/ration activities ,! c>bon capture1 utilization1 & seque/ration activities describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c77;,b7 %all be-- 7,a7 cross-cutt+ 9 nature2 & 7,b7 c>ri$ out by ! ,assi/ant ,secret>y = ,fossil ,en]gy1 9 coord9ation ) ! heads ( o!r relevant (fices ( ! ,dep>tm5t1 includ+ ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,sci5ce & ! ,assi/ant ,secret>y = ,en]gy ,effici5cy & ,r5ewable ,en]gy4 7#e7 ,consultations requir$ ,9 c>ry+ out ! program1 ! ,secret>y %all-- 7,a7 und]take int]national collaborations1 tak+ into consid]ation ! recomm5dations ( ! ,national ,coal ,c\ncil2 7,b7 use exi/+ au?orities to enc\rage int]national coop]ation2 & 7,c7 consult ) int]e/$ entities1 includ+-- 7i7 coal & natural gas produc]s2 7ii7 indu/ries t use coal & natural gas2 7iii7 organizations t promote coal1 advanc$ coal1 & natural gas te*nologies2 7iv7 environm5tal organizations2 7v7 organizations repres5t+ work]s2 & 7vi7 organizations repres5t+ consum]s4 7c7 ,report 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ah mon?s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,enhanc+ ,fossil ,fuel ,en]gy ,c>bon ,te*nology ,act ( #bjai1 ! ,secret>y %all submit to ,congress a report describ+ ! program goals & objectives adopt$ "u subsection 7b77#c74 7#b7 ,update ,n less frequ5tly ?an once e #b ye>s aft] ! initial report is submitt$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y %all submit to ,congress a report describ+ ! progress made t[>ds a*iev+ ! program goals & objectives adopt$ "u subsection 7b77#c74 7d7 ,fund+ 7#a7 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to ! ,secret>y to c>ry out ?is section1 to rema9 available until exp5d$-- 7,a7 = activities "u ! rese>* & developm5t program compon5t describ$ 9 subsection 7b77#b77;,a7-- 7i7 #bcj1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjbj & #bjba2 & 7ii7 #aej1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjbb ?r\gh #bjbd2 7,b7 subject to p>agraph 7#b71 = activities "u ! l>ge-scale pilot projects program compon5t describ$ 9 subsection 7b77#b77;,b7-- 7i7 #cdg1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjbj & #bjba2 7ii7 #bgb1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjbb & #bjbc2 & 7iii7 #bej1jjj1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjbd2 7,c7 = activities "u ! demon/ration projects program compon5t describ$ 9 subsection 7b77#b77;,c7-- 7i7 #ajj1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjbj & #bjba2 & 7ii7 #ejj1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjbb ?r\gh #bjbd2 & 7,d7 = activities "u ! front-end eng9e]+ & design program describ$ 9 subsection 7b77#b77;,d71 #ej1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjbj ?r\gh #bjbc4 7#b7 ,co/ %>+ = l>ge-scale pilot projects ,activities "u subsection 7b77#b77;,b7 %all be subject to ! co/-%>+ requirem5ts ( section #ihh7;b74 4 7b7 ,te*nical am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts = ! ,en]gy ,policy ,act ( #bjje 7,public ,law #aji-eh2 #aai ,/at4 #fjj7 is am5d$ by /rik+ ! item relat+ to section #ifb & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 ,sec4 #ifb4 ,coal & natural gas te*nology program4 4 #c4 ,c>bon /orage validation & te/+ 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,en]gy ,policy ,act ( #bjje is am5d$ by /rik+ section #ifc 7#db ,u4,s4 ,c4 #afbic7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 #ifc4 ,c>bon /orage validation & te/+ 7a7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is section3 7#a7 ,electric g5]ation unit ,! t]m electric g5]ation unit means an electric g5]ation unit t-- 7,a7 uses coal- or natural gas-bas$ g5]ation te*nology2 & 7,b7 is capable ( captur+ c>bon dioxide emissions f ! unit4 7#b7 ,l>ge-scale c>bon seque/ration ,! t]m l>ge-scale c>bon seque/ration means a scale t demon/rates ! ability to inject into geologic =mations & seque/] sev]al million metric tons ( c>bon dioxide = n less ?an a #aj-ye> p]iod4 7#c7 ,program ,! t]m program means ! program e/abli%$ "u subsection 7b77#a74 7b7 ,c>bon /orage program 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all e/abli% a program ( rese>*1 developm5t1 & demon/ration = c>bon /orage4 7#b7 ,program activities ,activities "u ! program %all include-- 7,a7 9 coord9ation ) relevant ,f$]al ag5cies1 develop+ & ma9ta9+ mapp+ tools & res\rces t assess ! capacity ( geologic /orage =mation 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 7,b7 develop+ monitor+ tools1 model+ ( geologic =mations1 & analyses-- 7i7 to pr$ict & v]ify c>bon dioxide conta9m5t2 & 7ii7 to acc\nt = seque/]$ c>bon dioxide 9 geologic /orage sites2 7,c7 rese>*+-- 7i7 pot5tial environm5tal1 safety1 & heal? impacts 9 ! ev5t ( a leak into ! atmosph]e or to an aquif]2 & 7ii7 any correspond+ mitigation actions or responses to limit h>mful consequ5ces ( su* a leak2 7,d7 evaluat+ ! int]actions ( c>bon dioxide ) =mation solids & fluids1 includ+ ! prop5sity ( injections to induce seismic activity2 7,e7 assess+ & ensur+ ! safety ( op]ations relat+ to geologic seque/ration ( c>bon dioxide2 7,f7 det]m9+ ! fate ( c>bon dioxide concurr5t ) & foll[+ injection into geologic =mations2 & 7,g7 support+ co/ & bus9ess model assessm5ts to exam9e ! economic viability ( te*nologies & sy/ems develop$ "u ! program4 7#c7 ,geologic sett+s ,9 c>ry+ out rese>* activities "u ?is subsection1 ! ,secret>y %all consid] a v>iety ( c&idate geologic sett+s1 includ+-- 7,a7 op]at+ oil & gas fields2 7,b7 deplet$ oil & gas fields2 7,c7 residual oil zones2 7,d7 unconv5tional res]voirs & rock types2 7,e7 unm9eable coal seams2 7,f7 sal9e =mations 9 bo? s$im5t>y & basaltic geologies2 7,g7 geologic sy/ems t may be us$ z eng9e]$ res]voirs to extract economical quantities ( br9e f geo!rmal res\rces ( l[ p]meability or porosity2 & 7,h7 geologic sy/ems conta9+ 9 situ c>bon dioxide m9]alization =mations4 7c7 ,l>ge-,scale c>bon seque/ration demon/ration program 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all e/abli% a demon/ration program "u :i* ! ,secret>y %all provide fund+ = demon/ration projects to collect & validate in=mation on ! co/ & feasibility ( comm]cial deploym5t ( l>ge-scale c>bon seque/ration te*nologies4 7#b7 ,exi/+ regional c>bon seque/ration p>tn]%ips ,9 c>ry+ out p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y may provide additional fund+ to regional c>bon seque/ration p>tn]%ips t are c>ry+ out or h complet$ a l>ge-scale c>bon seque/ration demon/ration project "u ?is section 7z 9 effect on ! day be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,enhanc+ ,fossil ,fuel ,en]gy ,c>bon ,te*nology ,act ( #bjai7 = additional "w on t project4 7#c7 ,demon/ration compon5ts ,ea* demon/ration project c>ri$ out "u ?is subsection %all include longitud9al te/s involv+ c>bon dioxide injection & monitor+1 mitigation1 & v]ification op]ations4 7#d7 ,cle>+h\se ,! ,national ,en]gy ,te*nology ,laboratory %all act z a cle>+h\se ( %>$ in=mation & res\rces =-- 7,a7 exi/+ or complet$ demon/ration projects receiv+ additional fund+ "u p>agraph 7#b72 & 7,b7 any new demon/ration projects fund$ "u ?is subsection4 7#e7 ,report ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,enhanc+ ,fossil ,fuel ,en]gy ,c>bon ,te*nology ,act ( #bjai1 ! ,secret>y %all submit to ! ,committee on ,en]gy & ,natural ,res\rces ( ! ,s5ate & ! ,committee on ,sci5ce1 ,space1 & ,te*nology ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives a report t-- 7,a7 assesses ! progress ( all regional c>bon seque/ration p>tn]%ips c>ry+ out a demon/ration project "u ?is subsection2 7,b7 id5tifies ! rema9+ *all5ges 9 a*iev+ l>ge-scale c>bon seque/ration t is reliable & safe = ! environm5t & public heal?2 & 7,c7 creates a roadmap = c>bon /orage rese>* & developm5t activities ( ! ,dep>tm5t ?r\gh #bjbe1 ) ! goal ( r$uc+ economic & policy b>ri]s to comm]cial c>bon seque/ration4 7d7 ,integrat$ /orage program 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y may e/abli% a program to transition l>ge-scale c>bon seque/ration demon/ration projects "u subsection 7c7 into integrat$ comm]cial /orage complexes4 7#b7 ,goals & objectives ,! goals & objectives ( ! program describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 %all be-- 7,a7 to id5tify geologic /orage sites t are able to accept l>ge volumes ( c>bon dioxide acceptable = comm]cial contracts2 7,b7 to und]/& ! te*nical & comm]cial viability ( c>bon dioxide geologic /orage sites2 & 7,c7 to c>ry out any o!r activities necess>y to transition ! l>ge-scale c>bon seque/ration demon/ration projects "u subsection 7c7 into integrat$ comm]cial /orage complexes4 7e7 ,co/ %>+ ,activities c>ri$ out "u ?is section %all be subject to ! co/-%>+ requirem5ts ( section #ihh4 7f7 ,report on c>bon dioxide capture contract+ au?ority 7#a7 ,report ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,enhanc+ ,fossil ,fuel ,en]gy ,c>bon ,te*nology ,act ( #bjai1 ! ,secret>y %all submit to ! ,committee on ,en]gy & ,natural ,res\rces ( ! ,s5ate & ! ,committee on ,sci5ce1 ,space1 & ,te*nology ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives a report t-- 7,a7 describes ! co/s & b5efits ( ent]+ into long-t]m b9d+ contracts on behalf ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t ) qualifi$ p>ties to provide support = captur+ c>bon dioxide f electricity g5]at$ at an electric g5]ation unit or c>bon dioxide captur$ f an electric g5]ation unit & sold to a pur*as] =-- 7i7 ! recov]y ( crude oil2 or 7ii7 o!r purposes = :i* a comm]cial m>ket exi/s2 7,b7 conta9s an analysis ( h[ ! ,dep>tm5t w\ld e/abli%1 implem5t1 & ma9ta9 a contract+ program describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a72 & 7,c7 outl9es options = h[ contracts may be /ructur$1 & regulations t w\ld be necess>y1 to implem5t a contract+ program describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a74 7g7 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to ! ,secret>y to c>ry out ?is section-- 7#a7 #aje1jjj1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjbj2 7#b7 #aaj1bej1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjba2 7#c7 #aae1gfc1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjbb2 7#d7 #aba1eea1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjbc2 & 7#e7 #abg1fbh1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjbd4 4 7b7 ,te*nical am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts = ! ,en]gy ,policy ,act ( #bjje 7,public ,law #aji-eh2 #aai ,/at4 #fjj2 #aba ,/at4 #agjh7 is am5d$ by /rik+ ! item relat+ to section #ifc & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 ,sec4 #ifc4 ,c>bon /orage validation & te/+4 4 #d4 ,c>bon utilization program 7a7 ,c>bon utilization program 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,subtitle ,f ( title ,,ix ( ! ,en]gy ,policy ,act ( #bjje 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #afbia et seq47 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #ifi4 ,c>bon utilization program 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all e/abli% a program ( rese>*1 developm5t1 & demon/ration = c>bon utilization-- 7#a7 to assess & monitor-- 7,a7 pot5tial *anges 9 lifecycle c>bon dioxide & o!r gre5h\se gas emissions2 & 7,b7 o!r environm5tal safety indicators ( new te*nologies1 practices1 processes1 or me?ods us$ 9 enhanc$ hydroc>bon recov]y z "p ( ! activities au?oriz$ "u section #ifc2 7#b7 to id5tify & assess novel uses = c>bon1 includ+ ! conv]sion ( c>bon dioxide = comm]cial & indu/rial products1 su* z-- 7,a7 *emicals2 7,b7 pla/ics2 7,c7 build+ mat]ials2 7,d7 fuels2 7,e7 cem5t2 7,f7 products ( coal use 9 p[] sy/ems or o!r applications2 or 7,g7 o!r products ) demon/rat$ m>ket value2 7#c7 to id5tify & assess c>bon capture te*nologies = indu/rial sy/ems2 & 7#d7 to id5tify & assess alt]native uses = coal1 includ+ products d]iv$ f c>bon eng9e]+1 c>bon fib]1 & coal conv]sion me?ods4 7b7 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to ! ,secret>y to c>ry out ?is section-- 7#a7 #be1jjj1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjbj2 7#b7 #bf1bej1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjba2 7#c7 #bg1efb1ejj = fiscal ye> #bjbb2 7#d7 #bh1idj1fbe = fiscal ye> #bjbc2 & 7#e7 #cj1chg1fef = fiscal ye> #bjbd4 4 7#b7 ,te*nical am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts = ! ,en]gy ,policy ,act ( #bjje 7,public ,law #aji-eh2 #aai ,/at4 #fjj7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ( ! items relat+ to subtitle ,f ( title ,,ix ! foll[+3 ,sec4 #ifi4 ,c>bon utilization program4 4 7b7 ,/udy 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,en]gy %all ent] into an agreem5t ) ! ,national ,academies ( ,sci5ces1 ,eng9e]+1 & ,m$ic9e "u :i* ! ,national ,academies ( ,sci5ces1 ,eng9e]+1 & ,m$ic9e %all conduct a /udy to assess any b>ri]s & opportunities relat+ to comm]cializ+ c>bon dioxide 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#b7 ,requirem5ts ,! /udy "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7,a7 analyze *all5ges to comm]cializ+ c>bon dioxide1 includ+-- 7i7 exp&+ c>bon dioxide pipel9e capacity2 7ii7 mitigat+ environm5tal impacts2 7iii7 access to capital2 7iv7 geographic b>ri]s2 & 7v7 regional economic *all5ges & opportunities2 7,b7 id5tify pot5tial m>kets1 indu/ries1 or sectors t may b5efit f great] access to comm]cial c>bon dioxide2 7,c7 assess-- 7i7 ! /ate ( infra/ructure z ( ! date ( ! /udy2 & 7ii7 any necess>y updates to infra/ructure to all[ = ! integration ( safe & reliable c>bon dioxide transportation1 use1 & /orage2 7,d7 describe ! economic1 climate1 & environm5tal impacts ( any well-integrat$ national c>bon dioxide pipel9e sy/em1 includ+ sugge/ions = policies t c\ld-- 7i7 improve ! economic impact ( ! sy/em2 & 7ii7 mitigate impacts ( ! sy/em2 7,e7 assess ! global /atus & progress ( *emical & biological c>bon utilization te*nologies 9 practice z ( ! date ( ! /udy t utilize an?ropog5ic c>bon1 includ+ c>bon dioxide1 c>bon monoxide1 me?ane1 & biogas1 f p[] g5]ation1 bi(uels production1 & o!r indu/rial processes2 7,f7 id5tify em]g+ te*nologies & approa*es = c>bon utilization t %[ promise = scale-up1 demon/ration1 deploym5t1 & comm]cialization2 7,g7 analyze ! factors associat$ ) mak+ c>bon utilization te*nologies viable at a comm]cial scale1 includ+ c>bon wa/e /ream availability1 economics1 m>ket capacity1 en]gy1 & lifecycle requirem5ts2 7,h7 7i7 assess ! major te*nical *all5ges associat$ ) increas+ ! comm]cial viability ( c>bon reuse te*nologies2 & 7ii7 id5tify ! rese>* & developm5t que/ions t w address ! *all5ges describ$ 9 clause 7i72 7,i7 7i7 assess rese>* ef=ts be+ c>ri$ out z ( ! date ( ! /udy1 includ+ basic1 appli$1 eng9e]+1 & computational rese>* ef=ts1 t are address+ ! *all5ges describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,h77i72 & 7ii7 id5tify gaps 9 ! rese>* ef=ts "u clause 7i72 & 7,j7 develop a compreh5sive rese>* ag5da t addresses long- & %ort-t]m rese>* ne$s & opportunities4 7#c7 ,deadl9e ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,national ,academies ( ,sci5ces1 ,eng9e]+1 & ,m$ic9e %all submit to ! ,secret>y ( ,en]gy a report describ+ ! results ( ! /udy "u p>agraph 7#a74 #e4 ,c>bon removal 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,subtitle ,f ( title ,,ix ( ! ,en]gy ,policy ,act ( #bjje 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #afbia et seq47 7z am5d$ by section #d7;a77#a77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #ifi;,a4 ,c>bon removal 7a7 ,e/abli%m5t ,! ,secret>y1 9 coord9ation ) ! heads ( appropriate ,f$]al ag5cies1 includ+ ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all e/abli% a rese>*1 developm5t1 & demon/ration program 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is section z ! program7 to te/1 validate1 or improve te*nologies & /rategies to remove c>bon dioxide f ! atmosph]e on a l>ge scale4 7b7 ,cross-,cutt+ direction ,! ,secret>y %all ensure t ! program-- 7#a7 is cross-cutt+ 9 nature2 & 7#b7 includes ! coord9at$ p>ticipation ( ! ,(fice ( ,fossil ,en]gy1 ! ,(fice ( ,sci5ce1 & ! ,(fice ( ,en]gy ,effici5cy & ,r5ewable ,en]gy4 7c7 ,program activities ,! program may include rese>*1 developm5t1 & demon/ration activities relat+ to-- 7#a7 direct air capture & /orage te*nologies2 7#b7 bio5]gy ) c>bon capture & seque/ration2 7#c7 enhanc$ geological wea!r+2 7#d7 agricultural & graz+ practices2 7#e7 =e/ managem5t & af=e/ation2 & 7#f7 plann$ or manag$ c>bon s9ks1 includ+ natural & artificial4 7d7 ,requirem5ts ,9 develop+ & id5tify+ c>bon removal te*nologies & /rategies "u ! program1 ! ,secret>y %all consid]-- 7#a7 l& use *anges1 includ+ impacts on natural & manag$ ecosy/ems2 7#b7 ocean acidification2 7#c7 net gre5h\se gas emissions2 7#d7 comm]cial viability2 7#e7 pot5tial = ne>-t]m impact2 7#f7 pot5tial = c>bon r$uctions on a gigaton scale2 & 7#g7 economic cob5efits4 7e7 ,air capture te*nology prize competition 7#a7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is subsection3 7,a7 ,dilute m$ia ,! t]m dilute m$ia means m$ia 9 :i* ! conc5tration ( c>bon dioxide is less ?an #a p]c5t by volume4 7,b7 ,prize competition ,! t]m prize competition means ! competitive te*nology prize competition e/abli%$ "u p>agraph 7#b74 7#b7 ,e/abli%m5t ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,enhanc+ ,fossil ,fuel ,en]gy ,c>bon ,te*nology ,act ( #bjai1 ! ,secret>y1 9 consultation ) ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy1 %all e/abli% z "p ( ! program a competitive te*nology prize competition to aw>d prizes = c>bon dioxide capture f dilute m$ia4 7#c7 ,requirem5ts ,9 c>ry+ out ?is subsection1 ! ,secret>y1 9 accordance ) section #bd ( ! ,/ev5son-,wydl] ,te*nology ,innovation ,act ( #aihj 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #cgai71 %all develop requirem5ts =-- 7,a7 ! prize competition process2 & 7,b7 monitor+ & v]ification proc$ures = projects select$ to receive a prize "u ! prize competition4 7#d7 ,eligible projects ,to be eligible to be aw>d$ a prize "u ! prize competition1 a project %all-- 7,a7 meet m9imum p]=mance /&>ds set by ! ,secret>y2 7,b7 meet m9imum levels set by ! ,secret>y = ! capture ( c>bon dioxide f dilute m$ia2 & 7,c7 demon/rate 9 ! application ( ! project = a prize-- 7i7 a design = a promis+ c>bon capture te*nology t w-- 7,i7 be op]at$ on a demon/ration scale2 & 7,,ii7 h ! pot5tial to a*ieve significant r$uction 9 ! level ( c>bon dioxide 9 ! atmosph]e2 7ii7 a successful b5*-scale demon/ration ( a c>bon capture te*nology2 or 7iii7 an op]ational c>bon capture te*nology on a comm]cial scale4 7f7 ,intraag5cy coord9ation ,! direct air capture activities c>ri$ out "u subsections 7c77#a7 & 7e7 %all be c>ri$ out 9 coord9ation )1 & lev]ag+ lessons le>n$ f1 ! coal & natural gas te*nology program e/abli%$ "u section #ifb7;b77#a74 7g7 ,acc\nt+ ,! ,secret>y %all collaborate ) ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy & ! heads ( o!r relevant ,f$]al ag5cies to develop & improve acc\nt+ frameworks & tools to accurately measure c>bon removal & seque/ration me?ods & te*nologies across ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 7h7 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to ! ,secret>y to c>ry out ?is section-- 7#a7 #de1jjj1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjbj1 ( :i* #ae1jjj1jjj %all be us$ to c>ry out subsection 7e72 7#b7 #ca1ejj1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjba2 7#c7 #cc1jge1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjbb2 7#d7 #cd1gbi1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjbc2 & 7#e7 #cf1dfe1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjbd4 4 7b7 ,te*nical am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts = ! ,en]gy ,policy ,act ( #bjje 7,public ,law #aji-eh2 #aai ,/at4 #fjj7 7z am5d$ by section #d7;a77#b77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ( ! items relat+ to subtitle ,f ( title ,,ix ! foll[+3 ,sec4 #ifi;,a4 ,c>bon removal4 4 #f4 ,fossil en]gy ,section #ifa7;a7 ( ! ,en]gy ,policy ,act ( #bjje 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #afbia7;a77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph 7#f71 by ins]t+ 1 includ+ te*nology developm5t to r$uce emissions ( c>bon dioxide & associat$ emissions ( heavy metals )9 coal combu/ion residues & gas /reams result+ f fossil fuel use & production be=e ! p]iod at ! end2 & 7#b7 by /rik+ p>agraph 7#g7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7#g7 ,increas+ ! export ( emissions control te*nologies f ! ,unit$ ,/ates = fossil en]gy-relat$ equipm5t1 te*nology1 & s]vices4 7#h7 ,develop+ c>bon removal & utilization te*nologies1 products1 & me?ods t result 9 net r$uctions 9 gre5h\se gas emissions1 includ+ direct air capture & /orage1 & c>bon use & reuse = comm]cial application4 7#i7 ,improv+ ! conv]sion1 use1 & /orage ( c>bon dioxide produc$ f fossil fuels4 4