,,ii ,calendar ,no4 #agf #aafth         
,,congress  #ast ,session  ,s4 #ajeb    
,report ,no4 #aaf-gd ,,in ,,the ,,senate
 ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states  ,april   
#d1 #bjai,mr4 ,manchin 7for himself1    
,mrs4 ,capito1 and ,ms4 ,murkowski7     
introduced the following bill2 which was
 read twice and referred to the         
,committee on ,energy and ,natural      
,resources  ,august #af1 #bjai,reported 
under authority of the order of the     
,senate of ,august #a1 #bjai1 by ,ms4   
,murkowski1 with an amendment,strike out
 all after the enacting clause and      
insert the part printed in italic  ,a   
,,bill  ,to authorize the ,office of    
,fossil ,energy to develop advanced     
separation technologies for the         
extraction and recovery of rare earth   
elements and minerals from coal and coal
 byproducts1 and for other purposes4    
#a4 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited
 as the ,rare ,earth ,element ,advanced 
,coal ,technologies ,act4  #b4 ,findings
 ,congress finds that--  7#a7 the       

,united ,states is largely dependent on 
foreign imports for the domestic supply 
of rare earth elements and critical     
minerals in the ,united ,states2  7#b7  
as of the date of enactment of this     
,act1 the ,united ,states does not have 
domestic production capability for1 or a
 guaranteed supply chain of1 rare earth 
elements and critical minerals2  7#c7   
access to certain rare earth elements   
and minerals is critical for the        
national security of the ,united        
,states2  7#d7 ,china maintains a near  
monopoly of the global supply chain of  
rare earth elements and critical        
minerals2  7#e7 the successful          
development of commercially viable      
refining methods of rare earth elements 
from coal byproducts could lead to new  
economic development opportunities in   
parts of the ,united ,states most       
affected by the downturn of the coal    
industry2  7#f7 rare earth elements--   
7,a7 comprise elements on the periodic  
table1 including--  7i7 the lanthanides1

 which are lanthanum 7,la71 cerium      
7,ce71 praseodymium 7,pr71 neodymium    
7,nd71 samarium 7,sm71 europium 7,eu71  
gadolinium 7,gd71 terbium 7,tb71        
dysprosium 7,dy71 holmium 7,ho71 erbium 
7,er71 thulium 7,tm71 ytterbium 7,yb71  
and lutetium 7,lu72 and  7ii7 transition
 elements1 which are scandium 7,sc7 and 
yttrium 7,y72 and  7,b7 can be divided  
into--  7i7 light rare earth elements1  
which are lanthanum 7,la71 cerium 7,ce71
 praseodymium 7,pr71 neodymium 7,nd71   
promethium 7,pm71 and samarium 7,sm72   
and  7ii7 heavy rare earth elements1    
which are scandium 7,sc71 yttrium 7,y71 
gadolinium 7,gd71 terbium 7,tb71        
dysprosium 7,dy71 holmium 7,ho71 erbium 
7,er71 thulium 7,tm71 ytterbium 7,yb71  
and lutetium 7,lu72 and  7#g7 it is in  
the interest of the ,federal            
,government-- 7,a7 to guide responsible 
domestic production methods of rare     
earth elements and minerals to ensure   
industry and consumers in the ,united   
,states have access to a reliable       

domestic supply of valuable rare earth  
elements and minerals2 and  7,b7 7i7 to 
identify the areas of highest potential 
interruption in the global supply chain 
of rare earth elements and minerals2 and
  7ii7 to strengthen the position of the
 ,united ,states in that supply chain by
 mitigating potential interruptions     
through the development of advanced     
separation technologies for coal and    
coal byproducts4  #c4 ,program for      
extraction and recovery of rare earth   
elements and minerals from coal and coal
 byproducts  7a7 ,in general ,the       
,secretary of ,energy1 acting through   
the ,assistant ,secretary for ,fossil   
,energy 7referred to in this ,act as the
 ,secretary71 shall carry out a program 
under which the ,secretary shall develop
 advanced separation technologies for   
the extraction and recovery of rare     
earth elements and minerals from coal   
and coal byproducts4  7b7 ,authorization
 of appropriations ,there is authorized 
to be appropriated to the ,secretary to 

carry out the program described in      
subsection 7a7 #bc1jjj1jjj for each of  
fiscal years #bjbj through #bjbg4  #d4  
,assessment and report  7a7 ,in general 
,not later than #a year after the date  
of enactment of this ,act1 the          
,secretary1 in consultation with the    
,secretary of ,defense and the          
,secretary of the ,interior1 shall carry
 out1 and submit to the ,committee on   
,energy and ,natural ,resources of the  
,senate and the ,committee on ,energy   
and ,commerce of the ,house of          
,representatives--  7#a7 an assessment--
 7,a7 identifying and ranking the rare  
earth elements that--  7i7 are most     
important to consumers in the ,united   
,states2  7ii7 are most jeopardized in  
the global supply chain2 and  7iii7 will
 have the greatest impact to consumers  
in the ,united ,states in the event of a
 disruption in the global supply chain2 
7,b7 evaluating the development of      
advanced separation technologies for the
 extraction and recovery of rare earth  

elements and minerals from coal and coal
 byproducts 7referred to in this        
subsection as the technologies72  7,c7  
identifying and evaluating the results  
of the development of the technologies1 
including the results with respect to   
the extraction and recovery of each rare
 earth element2  7,d7 determining what  
the technologies are capable of         
producing2  7,e7 evaluating the         
performance of the technologies1        
including what the technologies--  7i7  
succeed and fail at accomplishing2 and  
7ii7 can and cannot do cost-effectively2
 and  7,f7 7i7 evaluating the market    
impact on each rare earth mineral of the
 penetration of commercially viable     
technologies2 and  7ii7 how the         
penetration of commercially viable      
coal-based technology will impact the   
global supply chain2 and  7#b7 a report 
analyzing--  7,a7 the additional        
resources required for the development  
of commercial-ready deployment of       
technologies that are second generation 

and transformational2 and  7,b7 the     
market impact of processes to treat and 
recover rare earth elements and minerals
 from acid mine drainage from coal      
mines4  7b7 ,requirement ,in carrying   
out the assessment and report under     
subsection 7a71 the ,secretary shall    
focus on the rare earth elements        
determined by the ,secretary to be most 
critical to the national security of the
 ,united ,states4  #a4 ,short title     
,this ,act may be cited as the ,rare    
,earth ,element ,advanced ,coal         
,technologies ,act4  #b4 ,program for   
extraction and recovery of rare earth   
elements and minerals from coal and coal
 byproducts  7a7 ,in general ,the       
,secretary of ,energy1 acting through   
the ,assistant ,secretary for ,fossil   
,energy 7referred to in this ,act as the
 ,secretary71 shall carry out a program 
under which the ,secretary shall develop
 advanced separation technologies for   
the extraction and recovery of rare     
earth elements and minerals from coal   

and coal byproducts4  7b7 ,authorization
 of appropriations ,there is authorized 
to be appropriated to the ,secretary to 
carry out the program described in      
subsection 7a7 #bc1jjj1jjj for each of  
fiscal years #bjbj through #bjbg4  #c4  
,report ,not later than #a year after   
the date of enactment of this ,act1 the 
,secretary shall submit to the          
,committee on ,energy and ,natural      
,resources of the ,senate and the       
,committee on ,energy and ,commerce of  
the ,house of ,representatives a report 
evaluating the development of advanced  
separation technologies for the         
extraction and recovery of rare earth   
elements and minerals from coal and coal
 byproducts1 including acid mine        
drainage from coal mines4  ,august #af1 
#bjai,reported with an amendment