,i  #aaf? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  ,h4
 ,r4 #hcge  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(          
,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #bd1        
#bjbj,ms4 ,de,lauro introduc$ ! foll[+  
bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on   
,education & ,labor1 & 9 addition to !  
,committees on ,ov]sight & ,re=m1 ,h\se 
,adm9i/ration1 & ,ways & ,means1 = a    
p]iod to be subsequ5tly det]m9$ by !    
,speak]1 9 ea* case = consid]ation ( su*
 provisions z fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( !
 committee conc]n$  ,a ,,bill  ,to      
provide a "r to flexibility & to broad5 
& increase employee protections at "w1  
to protect small bus9esses ?r\gh %>$    
responsibility = work]s' rights1 to     
provide public transp>5cy on work]s'    
rights violations1 & = o!r purposes4    
#a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z 
! ,work] ,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess 
,protection ,act ( #bjbj4  #b4 ,table ( 
cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts = ?is ,act is
 z foll[s3 ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort title4,sec4  
#b4 ,table ( cont5ts4,,title ,i--,"r to 
flexibility & employee protections at   

work,sec4 #aja4 ,"r to flexibility4,sec4
 #ajb4 ,"r to employee protections at   
"w4,,title ,,ii--,small bus9ess         
protection ?r\gh %>$ responsibility =   
work]s' rights,sec4 #bja4 ,g5]al %>$    
responsibility = work]s' rights4,sec4   
#bjb4 ,massive corporations4,sec4 #bjc4 
,fran*isors4,sec4 #bjd4 ,tempor>y /aff+ 
companies4,sec4 #bje4 ,lic5sors4,sec4   
#bjf4 ,labor contractors4,sec4 #bjg4    
,supply *a9 responsibility plan4,sec4   
#bjh4 ,con=m+ am5dm5ts4,,title          
,,iii--,public transp>5cy on work]s'    
rights violations,sec4 #cja4 ,consum] "r
 to "k ab\t compliance ) work]s'        
rights4,,title ,,iv--,creat+ broad &    
increas+ work] protections,sec4 #dja4   
,g5]al /&>ds = apply+ & int]pret+       
work]s' rights4,sec4 #djb4 ,/atutes (   
limitation4,,title ,v--,g5]al           
provisions,sec4 #eja4 ,sev]ability4  ,i 
,"r to flexibility & employee           
protections at "w  #aja4 ,"r to         
flexibility  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,fair      
,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi         

,u4,s4,c4 #bja et seq47 is am5d$-- 7#a7 
by ins]t+ aft] section #g 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4
 #bjg7 ! foll[+3  #h4 ,"r to flexibility
  7a7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is section3 7#a7  
,cov]$ employee ,! t]m cov]$ employee   
means1 ) respect to an employ]1 an      
employee :o-- 7,a7 prior to ! date (    
enactm5t ( ! ,work] ,flexibility &      
,small ,bus9ess ,protection ,act (      
#bjbj1 0 classifi$ by ! employ] z an    
indep5d5t contractor2 &  7,b7 9 any     
workweek is engag$ 9 comm]ce or 9 !     
production ( goods = comm]ce1 or is     
employ$ by an ent]prise engag$ 9 comm]ce
 or 9 ! production ( goods = comm]ce4   
7#b7 ,s*$ule & s*$ul+ flexibility ,! t]m
 s*$ule & s*$ul+ flexibility1 ) respect 
to ! "w ( a cov]$ employee "u subsection
 7b71 includes-- 7,a7 ! tim+ ( ! "w     
?r\gh\t an h\r1 day1 week1 mon?1 or ye>2
  7,b7 ! total duration ( ! "w 9 any    
giv5 p]iod2  7,c7 ! location :]e ! "w is
 p]=m$2 &  7,d7 ! ability to p]=m "w =  
any entity o!r ?an ! employ] ( ! cov]$  
employee1 includ+ any direct competitor 

( ! employ]4  7b7 ,"r ,to keep          
flexibility  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,any cov]$   
employee ( an employ] has ! "r to ma9ta9
 ! same s*$ule & s*$ul+ flexibility t ! 
cov]$ employee possess$ at any "t :ile  
p]=m+ labor = su* employ] z an indep5d5t
 contractor 9 ! #ab-mon? p]iod prior to 
! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,work]            
,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess          
,protection ,act ( #bjbj4  7#b7         
,duration ( "r ,a cov]$ employee %all   
cont9ue to possess ! "r to ma9ta9 ! same
 s*$ule & s*$ul+ flexibility describ$ 9 
p>agraph 7#a7 = ! duration ( ! employm5t
 ( ! cov]$ employee ) ! employ]4  7#c7  
,nonretaliation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an      
employ] ( a cov]$ employee-- 7i7 may n  
dis*>ge ! cov]$ employee = any reason   
except ^u a %[+ ( j cause2 &  7ii7 may n
 o!rwise discrim9ate aga9/ ! cov]$      
employee because ( or ) relation to !   
s*$ule or s*$ul+ flexibility ( !        
employee4  7,b7 ,discrim9ation ,= !     
purposes ( subp>agraph 7,a77ii71 ! t]m  
discrim9ate1 ) respect to a cov]$       

employee1 %all include-- 7i7 r$uc+ !    
am\nt or numb] ( h\rs ( "w ( ! cov]$    
employee2  7ii7 re/rict+ or limit+ ! "w 
( ! cov]$ employee = ! employ]2 or      
7iii7 remov+ ! cov]$ employee f !       
workplace1 includ+ by susp5d+ or        
deactivat+ an acc\nt ! cov]$ employee   
uses to p]=m "w = ! employ]4  7,c7      
,motivat+ factor ,= ! purposes (        
subp>agraph 7,a77ii71 unlawful          
discrim9ation is e/abli%$ :5 a cov]$    
employee demon/rates t ! s*$ule or      
s*$ul+ flexibility ( ! cov]$ employee 0 
a motivat+ factor = any adv]se employm5t
 action tak5 by an employ]1 ev5 if su*  
action 0 also motivat$ by o!r factors4  
7c7 ,"r ,to reque/ future flexibility   
7#a7 ,"r to reque/ ,an employee %all h !
 "r to reque/ to h ! s*$ule t ! employee
 desires1 includ+-- 7,a7 ! numb] ( %ifts
 or o!r units ( "w p] day or week2  7,b7
 ! numb] ( h\rs ( "w p] day2  7,c7 !    
numb] ( days ( "w p] week2  7,d7 !      
location :]e ! employee p]=ms ! "w2 &   
7,e7 any unpaid "t (f ! employee desires

 to take4  7#b7 ,nonretaliation  7,a7 ,9
 g5]al ,an employ] %all n dis*>ge or 9  
any o!r mann] discrim9ate aga9/ an      
employee = mak+ a reque/ describ$ 9     
p>agraph 7#a74  7,b7 ,motivat+ factor   
,unlawful dis*>ge or discrim9ation aga9/
 an employee is e/abli%$ "u subp>agraph 
7,a7 :5 ! compla9+ p>ty demon/rates t ! 
reque/ describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 0 a     
motivat+ factor = su* dis*>ge or        
discrim9ation1 ev5 if su* dis*>ge or    
discrim9ation 0 also motivat$ by o!r    
factors4  7#c7 ,response  7,a7 ,9 g5]al 
,an employ] %all respond to a reque/    
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 by ei!r grant+ 
! reque/ 9 full or provid+ ! employee ) 
a writt5 ju/ification = any portion ( ! 
reque/ t ! employ] d5ies bas$ on a      
compell+ bus9ess necessity4  7,b7       
,review by ,secret>y ,if ! employ] does 
n grant a reque/ describ$ 9 p>agraph    
7#a7 9 full1 ! employee may reque/      
review by ! ,secret>y4 ,! ,secret>y     
may-- 7i7 issue an ord] to ov]rule !    
employ]'s d5ial ( ! employee's reque/1  

or any portion ( ! employee's reque/1 if
 ! ,secret>y f9ds t ! employ] does n h a
 compell+ bus9ess necessity = ! d5ial2  
or  7ii7 issue an ord] to confirm !     
employ]'s d5ial ( ! employee's reque/1  
or any portion ( ! employee's reque/1 if
 ! ,secret>y f9ds t ! employ] has a     
compell+ bus9ess necessity = ! d5ial4   
7,c7 ,appeals  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an aggriev$
 employ] or employee may-- 7,i7 appeal  
an ord] ( ! ,secret>y "u subp>agraph    
7,b7 to an adm9i/rative law judge2 &    
7,,ii7 appeal an ord] ( an adm9i/rative 
law judge "u subclause 7,i7 to a ,f$]al 
or ,/ate c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction4  
7ii7 ,compliance ) ord] dur+ appeal ,= !
 duration ( an appeal describ$ 9 clause 
7i77,i71 ! employ] & employee %all      
comply ) ! ord] ( ! ,secret>y until &   
unless ! ord] is ov]turn$ by an         
adm9i/rative law judge4 ,= ! duration ( 
an appeal describ$ 9 clause 7i77,,ii71 !
 employ] & employee %all comply ) ! ord]
 ( ! adm9i/rative law judge until &     
unless ! ord] is ov]turn$ by a ,f$]al or

 ,/ate c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction4    
7,d7 ,compell+ bus9ess necessity ,=     
purposes ( ?is p>agraph1 ! t]m compell+ 
bus9ess necessity means only any ( !    
foll[+3 7i7 ,a significant burd5 (      
additional co/s to ! employ] t w\ld be  
prohibitive ( cont9u+ to conduct        
bus9ess4  7ii7 ,a complete inability ( !
 employ] to reorganize "w among/ exi/+  
employees4  7iii7 ,a complete inability 
( ! employ] to recruit additional       
employees4  7iv7 ,a significant         
detrim5tal effect on ! ability ( !      
employ] to meet cu/om] dem&4  7v7 ,a    
lack ( "w dur+ ! p]iod ! employee       
proposes to "w4  7vi7 ,a plann$         
/ructural *ange to ! employ]'s bus9ess1 
:i* 0 plann$ be=e ! reque/ 0 made4      
7vii7 ,any o!r gr\nds z det]m9$ by !    
,secret>y ?r\gh regulation t ! ,secret>y
 demon/rates satisfy ! high b> ( be+    
compell+ly necess>y = an employ] to     
cont9ue conduct+ bus9ess & be+ m ?an    
m]ely a legitimate bus9ess reason4  2   
7#b7 by /rik+ section #aj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4

 #baj72 &  7#c7 by r$esignat+ section #i
 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bji7 z section #aj4    
7b7 ,en=cem5t  7#a7 ,prohibit$ acts     
,section #ae7;a77#b7 ( ! ,fair ,labor   
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      
#bae7;a77#b77 is am5d$ by /rik+ section 
#f or #g & ins]t+ section #f1 #g1 or #h4
  7#b7 ,p5alties ,section #af7;e7 ( !   
,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #baf7;e77 is am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7#f7 ,p5alties =       
violat+ "r to flexibility ,any p]son :o 
violates section #h %all be subject to a
 civil p5alty1 = ea* employee aggriev$  
by ! violation & = ea* day 9 :i* !      
employ] is 9 su* violation1 (-- 7,a7    
#a1jjj2 or  7,b7 if ! violation is      
repeat$ or willful1 #e1jjj4  4  7c7     
,con=m+ am5dm5ts to o!r laws  7#a7 ,age 
,discrim9ation 9 ,employm5t ,act ( #aifg
 ,section #g7;a7 ( ! ,age ,discrim9ation
 9 ,employm5t ,act ( #aifg 7#bi         
,u4,s4,c4 #fbf7;a77 is am5d$ by /rik+   
sections #i & #aa ( ! ,fair ,labor      
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich1 z am5d$ 7#bi       

,u4,s4,c4 #bji & #baa7 & ins]t+ sections
 #aj & #aa ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act 
( #aich1 z am5d$ 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baj &  
#baa74  7#b7 ,family & ,m$ical ,leave   
,act ( #aiic ,section #ajf7;d7 ( !      
,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfaf7;d77 is am5d$ by   
/rik+ section #i ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds
 ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bji7 &    
ins]t+ section #aj ( ! ,fair ,labor     
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      
#baj74  #ajb4 ,"r to employee           
protections at "w  7a7 ,fair ,labor     
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich  7#a7 ,/r5g!n+      
employee te/ ,section #c7;e7 ( ! ,fair  
,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi         
,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7;e77 is am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7#f7 7,a7 ,= purposes (
 ?is ,act1 & except z provid$ 9         
p>agraphs 7#b71 7#c71 7#d71 7#e71 7#g71 
& 7#i71 an individual p]=m+ any labor = 
remun]ation = a p]son %all be an        
employee employ$ by ! p]son & n an      
indep5d5t contractor ( ! p]son1 unless--
 7i7 ! individual is free f control &   

direction 9 connection ) ! p]=mance ( ! 
labor1 bo? "u ! contract = ! p]=mance ( 
! labor & 9 fact2  7ii7 ! labor is p]=m$
 outside ! usual c\rse ( ! bus9ess ( !  
p]son2 &  7iii7 ! individual is         
cu/om>ily engag$ 9 an indep5d5tly       
e/abli%$ trade1 occupation1 pr(ession1  
or bus9ess ( ! same nature z t involv$ 9
 ! labor p]=m$4  7,b7 7i7 ,subp>agraph  
7,a7 is n a codification ( ! common law 
& %all n be int]pret$ to reflect1 or to 
be limit$ or re/rict$ by1 common law    
int]pretations reg>d+ :5 an individual  
is an employee ( ano!r p]son4           
,subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be consid]$      
complete z writt51 & any judicial or    
ag5cy int]pretation ( su* subp>agraph   
%all be limit$ to ! explicit requirem5ts
 ( su* subp>agraph4  7ii7 ,! requirem5ts
 ( subp>agraph 7,a7 %all n be 9 any way 
affect$ by any agreem5t1 writt5 or      
o!rwise1 t purports to demon/rate an    
individual's ackn[l$gm5t ( or           
acquiesc5ce to ! abs5ce ( an            
employ]-employee relation%ip ) a        

p>ticul> employ]4  7#g7 7,a7 ,not)/&+   
any contr>y provisions 9 ?is subsection 
or subsection 7d7 or 7g71 9 any in/ance 
9 :i* !re is a non-compete agreem5t     
betwe5 a p]son & an individual :o p]=ms 
labor = su* p]son1 ! pres5ce ( !        
non-compete agreem5t1 )\t reg>d to !    
legality or en=ceability ( ! non-compete
 agreem5t1 %all be evid5ce ( control =  
purposes ( p>agraph 7#f77;,a77i71 b %all
 n by itself e/abli% an employm5t       
relation%ip betwe5 su* p]son & !        
individual4  7,b7 ,9 ?is p>agraph1 ! t]m
 non-compete agreem5t means an agreem5t 
betwe5 a p]son & an individual :o p]=ms 
labor = su* p]son t re/ricts !          
individual f p]=m+1 ei!r dur+ or aft] ! 
individual p]=ms labor = su* p]son-- 7i7
 any labor = ano!r p]son2  7ii7 any     
labor = a specifi$ p]iod ( "t2  7iii7   
any labor 9 a specifi$ geographical     
area2 or  7iv7 any labor = ano!r p]son t
 is simil> to ! labor su* individual    
p]=m$ = ! p]son t is a p>ty to su*      
agreem5t4  4  7#b7 ,presumption (       

employee /atus ,section #c7;e7 ( ! ,fair
 ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi        
,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7;e771 z am5d$ by p>agraph
 7#a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !
 foll[+3  7#h7 ,= purposes ( ?is ,act1  
an individual p]=m+ any labor =         
remun]ation = a p]son %all be presum$ to
 be an employee ( ! p]son1 unless ! p>ty
 seek+ to ass]t o!rwise e/abli%es by    
cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce t ! individual is
 n an employee 9 accordance ) p>agraphs 
7#a7 ?r\gh 7#g7 & p>agraph 7#i74  4     
7#c7 ,misclassification z a /&alone     
violation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,fair ,labor
 ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bja
 et seq47 is am5d$-- 7i7 by ins]t+ aft] 
section #d 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjd7 !       
foll[+3  #e4 ,misclassification ,no     
employ] %all misclassify any employee1  
:o 9 any workweek is engag$ 9 comm]ce or
 9 ! production ( goods = comm]ce1 or is
 employ$ 9 an ent]prise engag$ 9 comm]ce
 or 9 ! production ( goods = comm]ce1 ( 
! employ] z n an employee ( ! employ] = 
purposes ( ?is ,act4  2 &  7ii7 9       

section #ae7;a7 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4          
#bae7;a77-- 7,i7 9 p>agraph 7#e71 by    
/rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ a       
semicolon2 &  7,,ii7 by add+ at ! end ! 
foll[+3  7#f7 to violate section #e2  4 
7,b7 ,incorporation to fur!r violations 
,section #ae7;a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds
 ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bae7;a771 
z am5d$ by subp>agraph 7,a77ii71 is     
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  
7#g7 = ! purpose1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 (     
facilitat+1 or evad+ detection (1 a     
violation ( ?is ,act1 includ+ a         
violation ( p>agraph 7#f7-- 7,a7 to     
incorporate or =m1 or assi/ 9 !         
incorporation or =mation (1 a           
corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$ liability 
corporation1 or o!r entity2 or  7,b7 to 
pay or collect a fee = use ( a =eign or 
dome/ic corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$   
liability corporation1 or o!r entity2 or
  4  7,c7 ,p5alties ,section #af7;e7 ( !
 ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi  
,u4,s4,c4 #baf7;e771 z am5d$ by section 
#aja7;b77#b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 

! end ! foll[+3  7#g7 ,p5alties =       
misclassification & incorporation ,to   
fur!r violations  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,any    
p]son :o violates p>agraph 7#f7 or 7#g7 
( section #ae7;a7 %all be subject to a  
civil p5alty (-- 7i7 subject to clauses 
7ii7 & 7iii71 #aj1jjj2  7ii7 if !       
violation is repeat$ or willful1        
#cj1jjj2 or  7iii7 if ! violation is    
widespread1 #a p]c5t ( ! net pr(its ( ! 
p]son = ! ye> 9 :i* ! p]son _h ! highe/ 
net pr(its out ( all ye>s 9 :i* ! p]son 
0 9 su* violation4  7,b7 ,repeat$1 or   
willful1 & widespread violations ,if a  
violation ( p>agraph 7#f7 or 7#g7 (     
section #ae7;a7 is repeat$ or willful1 z
 describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a77ii71 & is  
widespread1 z describ$ 9 subp>agraph    
7,a77iii71 ! high] p5alty ( ! p5alties  
describ$ 9 su* subp>agraphs %all apply4 
7,c7 ,paym5t ( p5alties ,any p5alty     
assess$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 = a         
violation ( p>agraph 7#f7 or 7#g7 (     
section #ae7;a7 %all be paid f an acc\nt
 ( ! p]son 9 su* violation & n paid1 or 

reimburs$1 by any insurance plan t w\ld 
indemnify ! p]son f violations ( su*    
p>agraph 7#f7 or 7#g71 respectively4 ,if
 a p]son receives a paym5t f an         
insurance plan to indemnify ! p]son f a 
violation ( su* p>agraph1 ! p]son %all  
transf] ! paym5t to ! ,secret>y1 9      
addition to ! am\nt to be paid f !      
acc\nt ( ! p]son = ! p5alty4 ,! am\nt ( 
a paym5t transf]r$ to ! ,secret>y "u ?is
 subp>agraph %all be treat$ z a civil   
p5alty "u ?is section = a violation (   
section #ae = purposes ( p>agraph 7#e7 (
 ?is subsection & subsection 7f74  4    
7#d7 ,protection f retaliation = be+ an 
employee ,section #ae7;a77#c7 ( ! ,fair 
,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi         
,u4,s4,c4 #bae7;a77#c77 is am5d$-- 7,a7 
by /rik+ employee because su* employee  
has fil$ & ins]t+ 8employee because--   
7,a7 su* employee has fil$2  2  7,b7 by 
/rik+ committee2 & ins]t+ committee2 or2
 &  7,c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3     
7,b7 su* employee-- 7i7 is requir$1     
pursuant to ! enactm5t ( ! ,work]       

,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess          
,protection ,act ( #bjbj1 to be         
classifi$ z an employee ( ! p]son =     
purposes ( ?is ,act & n an indep5d5t    
contractor2 &  7ii7 0 classifi$ by !    
p]son z an indep5d5t contractor prior to
 ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,work]           
,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess          
,protection ,act ( #bjbj2  4  7#e7      
,rules reg>d+ unlawful dis*>ge or       
discrim9ation ,section #ae ( ! ,fair    
,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi         
,u4,s4,c4 #bae7 is am5d$ by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7c7 ,rules reg>d+        
unlawful dis*>ge or discrim9ation  7#a7 
,presumption ( retaliation ,any action  
tak5 aga9/ an employee )9 #ij days ( !  
employee tak+ any action describ$ 9     
subsection 7a77#c77;,a71 includ+ tak+   
any su* action ) respect to ex]cis+ ! "r
 ( ! employee pursuant to section #e to 
n be misclassifi$1 %all e/abli% a       
rebuttable presumption t ! action is    
discrim9ation aga9/ ! employee 9        
violation ( subsection 7a77#c74  7#b7   

,motivat+ factor ,unlawful dis*>ge or   
o!r discrim9ation aga9/ an employee "u  
subsection 7a77#c7 is e/abli%$ :5 !     
compla9+ p>ty demon/rates t "o ( !      
actions or ! classification describ$ 9  
su* subsection 0 a motivat+ factor = su*
 dis*>ge or o!r discrim9ation1 ev5 if   
su* dis*>ge or o!r discrim9ation 0 also 
motivat$ by o!r factors4  4  7#f7       
,/atutory employ]s 9 heavily            
misclassifi$ indu/ries  7,a7 ,def9ition 
( employ] ,section #c7;d7 ( ! ,fair     
,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi         
,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7;d77 is am5d$ to read z  
foll[s3  7d7 ,employ]  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! 
t]m employ] includes any p]son act+     
directly or indirectly 9 ! int]e/ ( an  
employ] 9 relation to an employee4  7#b7
 ,inclusions & exclusions ,! t]m employ]
 includes a public ag5cy b does n       
include any labor organization 7o!r ?an 
:5 act+ z an employ]7 or anyone act+ 9 !
 capacity ( (fic] or ag5t ( su* labor   
organization4  7#c7 ,application )      
ref]5ce to o!r def9itions ,! t]m employ]

 %all be int]pret$ & appli$ 9 a mann] t 
is consi/5t ) ! o!r def9itions 9 ?is    
section & t incorporates ! t]m employee1
 z def9$ 9 subsection 7e71 & ! t]m      
employ1 z def9$ 9 subsection 7g74  7#d7 
,/atutory employ]s 9 c]ta9 indu/ries ,! 
t]m employ] %all include any p]son1     
except a p]son exclud$ "u p>agraph 7#b71
 ) respect to an individual describ$ 9  
subsection 7e77#i7 p]=m+ labor t is     
b5eficial to ! p]son1 t is engag$ 9 any 
( ! foll[+ "w3 7,a7 ,transportation1    
includ+ any p]son t b5efits f labor     
p]=m$ by individuals 9 ! =m (           
transportation 9 a motoriz$ or          
unmotoriz$ vehicle1 by foot1 or by any  
o!r means1 includ+ transportation       
network companies1 te*nology plat=m     
companies1 pass5g] transportation or    
food transportation companies1 & c>go   
transportation companies4  7,b7 ,network
 dispat*+1 includ+ any p]son t uses a   
digital network to connect individuals  
or entities seek+ s]vices or labor )    
individuals or entities seek+ to provide

 s]vices or labor1 b n includ+ any p]son
 :o owns1 controls1 or manages-- 7i7 a  
completely neutral physical or int]net  
m>ketplace :]e ! procurem5t ( goods or  
s]vices takes place betwe5 individuals  
:o are completely indep5d5t f & free f  
any & all direction or control by !     
p]son own+1 controll+1 or manag+ !      
neutral m>ketplace1 includ+ su* p]son   
hav+ absolutely no role 9 ! sett+ (     
prices or rates1 9 ! assignm5t or       
ref]ral ( reque/s = goods or s]vices to 
individuals :o c\ld pot5tially provide  
su* goods or s]vices1 & 9 ! acceptance  
or rejection ( any reque/s = goods or   
s]vices2 &  7ii7 a labor organization   
hir+ hall4  4  7,b7 ,def9ition (        
employee ,section #c7;e7 ( ! ,fair      
,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi         
,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7;e771 z am5d$ by p>agraph
 7#b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !
 foll[+3  7#i7 ,not)/&+ p>agraph 7#a7 or
 7#f7 ( ?is subsection1 subsection 7d7  
7o!r ?an p>agraph 7#d7 ( su*            
subsection71 or subsection 7g71 & except

 z provid$ 9 p>agraphs 7#b71 7#c71 7#d71
 & 7#e71 ! t]m employee1 ) respect to an
 employ] describ$ 9 subsection 7d77#d71 
%all include any individual p]=m+ labor 
t is b5eficial to ! employ]1 includ+--  
7,a7 ) respect to transportation        
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 ( su*       
subsection1 any individual :o p]=ms any 
portion ( ! labor includ$ "u su*        
subp>agraph1 includ+ individuals :o p]=m
 labor 9 ! =m ( engag+ 9 transportation 
b5eficial to transportation network     
companies1 te*nology plat=m companies1  
pass5g] transportation or food          
transportation companies1 or c>go       
transportation companies2 &  7,b7 )     
respect to network dispat*+ describ$ 9  
subp>agraph 7,b7 ( su* subsection1 any  
individual :o p]=ms any portion ( !     
s]vices or labor includ$ "u su*         
subp>agraph1 includ+ provid+ ! s]vices  
or labor to ! individuals or entities   
seek+ su* s]vices or labor4  4  7,c7    
,comp5sable "t work$  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,!   
,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi   

,u4,s4,c4 #bja et seq47 is am5d$ by     
ins]t+ aft] section #h ! foll[+3  #i4   
,special requirem5ts = c]ta9 work]s  7a7
 ,det]m9+ comp5sable h\rs work$ =       
transportation & network dispat*+ work]s
  7#a7 ,det]m9+ h\rs work$  7,a7 ,9     
g5]al ,= ! purposes ( sections #f & #g1 
9 det]m9+ ! h\rs = :i* an employee      
describ$ 9 section #c7;e77#i7 is        
employ$1 !re %all be includ$ any        
reasonable am\nt ( "t1 z det]m9$ by !   
,secret>y 9 accordance ) subp>agraph    
7,c71 sp5t on wait+ =1 receiv+1 review+1
 consid]+1 accept+1 & transport+ oneself
 to fulfill an assignm5t or reque/ to   
p]=m any portion ( labor imm$iately be=e
 p]=m+ su* portion ( labor1 includ+     
?r\gh a sm>tphone application1 te*nology
 plat=m1 dispat* network1 or any o!r    
me*anism t is us$ to connect individuals
 or entities seek+ s]vices or labor )   
employees seek+ to provide s]vices or   
labor4  7,b7 ,rate ( comp5sation        
,comp5sation paid = any reasonable am\nt
 ( "t describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 %all  

be paid at a rate no less ?an !         
employee's regul> rate ( pay4  7,c7     
,det]m9ation ( am\nt ( "t ,! ,secret>y  
%all h discretion to det]m9e a          
reasonable am\nt ( "t = purposes (      
subp>agraph 7,a7 giv5 ! specific        
circum/ances involv$1 except t 9 all    
cases-- 7i7 ! m9imum am\nt ( !          
reasonable am\nt ( "t = ! activities    
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 be=e accept+
 & p]=m+ a portion ( labor %all be #c   
m9utes2 &  7ii7 ! maximum am\nt ( su*   
reasonable am\nt ( "t %all be #cj       
m9utes4  7,d7 ,collective b>ga9+        
,not)/&+ subp>agraph 7,a71 no employ]   
%all be det]m9$ to h violat$ section #f 
or #g by employ+ any employee describ$ 9
 section #c7;e77#i7 )\t provid+ su*     
employee comp5sation = ! reasonable     
am\nt ( "t "u subp>agraph 7,a7 if su*   
employee is s employ$ 9 pursuance ( an  
agreem5t1 made z a result ( collective  
b>ga9+ by a bona fide repres5tative (   
employees = purposes ( section #h7;f7 or
 7#i77;a7 ( ! ,national ,labor          

,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aeh7;f71
 #aei7;a771 t alt]s or waives !         
comp5sation requirem5ts ( ?is p>agraph4 
7#b7 ,in=mation ,! ,secret>y %all h !   
au?ority to reque/1 inspect1 & pursue   
subpo5as = any in=mation or data held by
 an employ] t ! ,secret>y det]m9es to be
 relevant-- 7,a7 9 det]m9+ ! reasonable 
am\nt ( "t "u p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 = :i*  
an employee describ$ 9 section          
#c7;e77#i7 %\ld be comp5sat$2  7,b7 9   
det]m9+ an employee's regul> rate ( pay 
= purposes ( p>agraph 7#a77;,b72 or     
7,c7 = any o!r purpose relat$ to ?is    
subsection4  4  7ii7 ,p5alties ,section 
#ae7;a77#b7 is am5d$ by ins]t+ includ+  
violations due to failure to comply )   
section #i7;a71 aft] section #g14  7#g7 
,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh       
reclassification ord]s & /op "w ord]s   
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #ag ( ! ,fair    
,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi         
,u4,s4,c4 #bag7 is am5d$-- 7i7 by /rik+ 
,! di/rict c\rts & ins]t+ 7a7 ,! di/rict
 c\rts2  7ii7 by ins]t+ ord]s issu$ "u  

subsection 7b77#a7 or 7c77#a7 or        
violations ( be=e section #ae12 &  7iii7
 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7b7        
,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh       
reclassification ord]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al   
,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es1 aft] an       
inve/igation "u section #aa1 t an       
employ] has misclassifi$ #a or m        
individuals :o are employees ( ! employ]
 z n employees 9 violation ( section    
#ae7;a77#f7-- 7,a7 ! ,secret>y %all     
issue1 n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] mak+ su*
 det]m9ation1 an ord] aga9/ ! employ]   
requir+ ! employ] to imm$iately classify
 ! #a or m individuals z employees ( !  
employ]2 &  7,b7 ! employ] %all         
imm$iately comply ) ! ord] issu$ "u     
subp>agraph 7,a7 or %all o!rwise be 9   
violation ( section #ae7;a77#f74  7#b7  
,ord]s ,an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7  
%all-- 7,a7 be effective at ! "t at :i* 
! ord] is s]v$ ^u ! employ]1 :i* may be 
accompli%$ by ! po/+ ( a copy ( ! ord] 9
 a conspicu\s location at ! place (     
bus9ess ( ! employ]2 &  7,b7 rema9 9    

effect dur+ any review conduct$ "u      
p>agraph 7#c7 ) respect to su* ord] &   
dur+ any he>+ & appeal ( su* ord] "u    
p>agraph 7#d74  7#c7 ,review =          
reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an       
employ] aga9/ :om an ord] is issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 may reque/ a review by !  
,secret>y to conte/ ! ord]4  7,b7       
,reque/s ,a reque/ "u subp>agraph 7,a7  
%all be made 9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y n m 
?an #e days aft] ! issuance ( ! ord]4   
7,c7 ,requirem5ts = review  7i7 ,9 g5]al
 ,a review "u ?is p>agraph %all-- 7,i7  
comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] a      
reque/ is made "u subp>agraph 7,b72 &   
7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft]
 su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7 ,det]m9ation ,n  
lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a review         
concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !        
,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1  
modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,he>+s & appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by 
a det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph 
7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 reque/ a he>+  
to appeal su* det]m9ation to an         

adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7 appeal  
an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law judge "u  
subp>agraph 7,a7 to a ,f$]al or ,/ate   
c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction4  7#e7     
,injunction proce$+s ,! ,secret>y may   
seek an injunction proce$+ "u subsection
 7a7 aga9/ any employ] t violates an    
ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 ,a c\rt    
%all issue su* injunction if ! ,secret>y
 has demon/rat$ x is j & prop]4  7#f7   
,successfully disprov+ occurr5ce (      
misclassification  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,if an 
employ] ) respect to :om an ord] 0 issu$
 "u p>agraph 7#a7 successfully proves   
?r\gh a review "u p>agraph 7#c71 or a   
he>+ or appeal "u p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #a 
or m individuals :o 7 ! subject ( ! ord]
 7 n misclassifi$ 9 violation ( section 
#ae7;a77#f7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$ "u       
p>agraph 7#a7 %all cease to be 9 effect2
  7ii7 ! employ] %all n be liable = any 
applicable unpaid m9imum wages1 unpaid  
ov]time comp5sation1 o!r damages1 or    
civil p5alties ow$ by ! employ] "u      
section #af ) respect to !              

misclassification ( su* #a or m         
individuals2 &  7iii7 ! ,secret>y (     
,labor1 adm9i/rative law judge1 or !    
c\rt %all aw>d 7& ! ,secret>y ( !       
,treasury %all1 9 accordance )          
subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to ! employ]     
reasonable fees & exp5ses ( attorneys 9 
! same mann] z su* fees & exp5ses c\ld  
be aw>d$ "u section #bdab ( title #bh1  
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 if ! employ] 0 a   
prevail+ p>ty & ! review1 he>+1 or      
appeals proce$+ 0 a civil action br\ght 
by or aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7,b7      
,s\rce ( funds ,! ,secret>y ( !         
,treasury %all1 ^u notification by !    
,secret>y ( ,labor1 adm9i/rative law    
judge1 or c\rt1 z applicable1 pay any   
fees or exp5ses aw>d$ "u subp>agraph    
7,a77iii7 f am\nts 9 ! g5]al fund ( !   
,treasury4  7c7 ,misclassification      
en=cem5t ?r\gh /op "w ord]s  7#a7 ,9    
g5]al ,9 any case :]e an employ] does n 
comply ) a reclassification ord] issu$  
by ! ,secret>y "u subsection 7b77#a71 ) 
respect to #b or m individuals :o are   

misclassifi$ 9 violation ( section      
#ae7;a77#f71 )9 #cj days ( be+ s]v$ ) ! 
ord]1 ! ,secret>y %all issue-- 7,a7     
subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 an ord]    
aga9/ ! employ] requir+ ! cessation (   
all bus9ess op]ations ( su* employ] at !
 location ( ! violation2 or  7,b7 if an 
ord] describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 has be5
 previ\sly issu$ aga9/ ! employ] by any 
,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local ag5cy =         
misclassify+ an employee z n an employee
 9 violation ( section #ae7;a77#f71 or  
an equival5t ,/ate or local law z       
det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y1 an ord] aga9/ ! 
employ] requir+ ! cessation ( all       
bus9ess op]ations ( su* employ] at all  
bus9ess locations ( ! employ]1 includ+  
locations o!r ?an ! location :]e !      
misclassification occurr$4  7#b7 ,ord]s 
7,a7 ,applicability ,an ord] issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7i7 be effective at
 ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ ^u !        
employ]1 :i* may be accompli%$ by ! po/+
 ( a copy ( ! ord] 9 a conspicu\s       
location at ! place ( bus9ess ( !       

employ]2 &  7ii7 rema9 9 effect-- 7,i7  
dur+ any review conduct$ "u p>agraph    
7#c7 ) respect to su* ord] & dur+ any   
he>+ & appeal ( su* ord] "u p>agraph    
7#d72 &  7,,ii7 until ! ,secret>y issues
 a release ord] "u subp>agraph 7,b74    
7,b7 ,release ord]s  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an   
ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 7t is n     
revok$ by ! ,secret>y or held unlawful  
or set aside by an adm9i/rative law     
judge or a c\rt7 %all rema9 9 effect    
until ! ,secret>y issues ano!r ord]     
releas+ ! ord] issu$ "u su* p>agraph ^u 
a f9d+ by ! ,secret>y t ! employ]-- 7,i7
 has correct$ ! violation ( section     
#ae7;a77#f7 ) respect to ! #b or m      
individuals :o 7 misclassifi$ result+ 9 
! ord]2 &  7,,ii7 has agre$ to a paym5t 
s*$ule = all applicable unpaid m9imum   
wages1 unpaid ov]time comp5sation1 o!r  
damages1 & civil p5alties ow$ by !      
employ] "u section #af4  7ii7           
,re9/atem5t ,if1 at any "t aft] !       
,secret>y issues a release ord] "u      
clause 7i71 ! employ] fails to comply ) 

! t]ms ( ! paym5t s*$ule describ$ 9     
clause 7i77,,ii71 ! ,secret>y %all      
re9/ate ! ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7   
until ! employ] is 9 compliance ) su*   
t]ms4  7#c7 ,review = reconsid]ation    
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an employ] aga9/ :om an  
ord] is issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 may      
reque/ a review by ! ,secret>y to conte/
 ! ord]4  7,b7 ,reque/s ,a reque/ "u    
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be made 9 writ+ to
 ! ,secret>y n m ?an #e days aft] !     
issuance ( ! ord]4  7,c7 ,requirem5ts = 
review  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,a review "u ?is   
p>agraph %all-- 7,i7 comm5ce n lat] ?an 
#bd h\rs aft] a reque/ is made "u       
subp>agraph 7,b72 &  7,,ii7 conclude n  
lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] su* comm5cem5t4  
7ii7 ,det]m9ation ,n lat] ?an #gb h\rs  
aft] a review concludes "u clause       
7i77,,ii71 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r
 to affirm1 modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ 
ord]4  7#d7 ,he>+s & appeals ,any p]son 
aggriev$ by a det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y 
"u p>agraph 7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7    
reque/ a he>+ to appeal su* det]m9ation 

to an adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7   
appeal an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law    
judge "u subp>agraph 7,a7 to a ,f$]al or
 ,/ate c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction4    
7#e7 ,injunction proce$+s ,! ,secret>y  
may seek an injunction proce$+ "u       
subsection 7a7 aga9/ any employ] t      
violates an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74
 ,a c\rt %all issue su* injunction if ! 
,secret>y has demon/rat$ x is j & prop]4
  7#f7 ,comp5sation = lo/ "w  7,a7 ,9   
g5]al ,subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 an  
employ] ) respect to :om an ord] is     
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all pay ea*     
employee ( ! employ]1 :o loses          
comp5sation due to ! "w ( su* employee  
ceas+ z a result ( su* ord]1 !          
comp5sation t w\ld be ow$ to su*        
employee if ! ord] 0 n issu$4  7,b7     
,limitation ,comp5sation paid "u        
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be = ea* day1 n to
 exce$ #aj days1 = :i* ! employee w\ld  
be paid if ! ord] describ$ 9 su*        
subp>agraph 7 n 9 effect4  7#g7         
,successfully disprov+ occurr5ce (      

misclassification  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any 
case :]e an employ] ) respect to :om an 
ord] 0 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7           
successfully proves1 ?r\gh a review "u  
p>agraph 7#c7 or a subsequ5t he>+ or    
appeals proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #b
 or m individuals :o 7 ! subject ( !    
ord] 7 n misclassifi$ 9 violation (     
section #ae7;a77#f7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$  
"u p>agraph 7#a71 & any ord] issu$ aga9/
 ! employ] "u subsection 7b77#a7 )      
respect to su* #b or m individuals1 %all
 cease to be 9 effect2  7ii7 ! employ]  
%all n be liable = any applicable unpaid
 m9imum wages1 unpaid ov]time           
comp5sation1 o!r damages1 or civil      
p5alties ow$ by ! employ] "u section #af
 ) respect to ! misclassification ( su* 
#b or m individuals2 &  7iii7 !         
,secret>y ( ,labor1 adm9i/rative law    
judge1 or ! c\rt %all aw>d 7& !         
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 9         
accordance ) subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to !
 employ]-- 7,i7 an am\nt equal to any   
demon/rable lo/ net pr(its result+ f !  

ord]1 z demon/rat$ by cle> & conv9c+    
evid5ce2 &  7,,ii7 reasonable fees &    
exp5ses ( attorneys 9 ! same mann] z su*
 fees & exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u section
 #bdab ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1
 if ! employ] 0 a prevail+ p>ty & !     
review1 he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a    
civil action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$
 ,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!        
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1   
adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1 z      
applicable1 pay any am\nts1 fees1 or    
exp5ses aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f
 am\nts available 9 ! g5]al fund ( !    
,treasury4  4  7,b7 ,p5alties ,section  
#af7;e7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act (  
#aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baf7;e771 z am5d$ 
by p>agraph 7#c77;,c71 is fur!r am5d$ by
 add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#h7 ,p5alties
 = violat+ reclassification ord]s  7,a7 
,civil p5alties ,any p]son :o violates a
 reclassification ord] issu$ by !       
,secret>y "u section #ag7;b77#a7 %all be
 subject to a civil p5alty ( n less ?an 

#e1jjj p] day1 ) ea* day con/itut+ a    
sep>ate (f5se4  7,b7 ,additional damages
 ,9 any case 9 :i* an employ] conte/s a 
reclassification ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 
7#a7 ( section #ag7;b7 9 a review "u    
p>agraph 7#c7 ( su* section1 a he>+ "u  
p>agraph 7#d77;,a7 ( su* section1 & a   
subsequ5t judicial proce$+ "u p>agraph  
7#d77;,b7 ( su* section1 & ! c\rt 9 su* 
proce$+ rules 9 favor ( ! ,secret>y--   
7i7 ! c\rt %all det]m9e if1 dur+ ! p]iod
 betwe5 ! issuance ( su* ord] & !       
conclusion ( ! proce$+1 ! employ]       
violat$ su* ord] by n classify+ ! #a or 
m individuals z employees dur+ t p]iod2 
&  7ii7 if ! c\rt det]m9es ! employ] s  
violat$ ! ord] dur+ t p]iod-- 7,i7 !    
c\rt %all det]m9e ! am\nt ( net pr(its  
d]iv$ by ! employ] f ! individuals'     
labor dur+ t p]iod2 &  7,,ii7 ! c\rt    
%all assess damages 9 ! am\nt det]m9$ "u
 subclause 7,i71 :i* damages %all be    
aw>d$ to su* individuals by ! c\rt4  4  
7,c7 ,con=m+ am5dm5ts ,sections #ab7;b7 
& #af7;b7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act (

 #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bab7;b7 &        
#baf7;b77 are am5d$ by /rik+ section #ag
 ea* place x appe>s & ins]t+ section    
#ag7;a74  7#h7 ,private attorneys g5]al 
,section #af ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds    
,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baf71 z    
am5d$ by p>agraph 7#g77;,b71 is fur!r   
am5d$-- 7,a7 9 subsection 7b71 by ins]t+
 aft] ! ?ird s5t5ce ! foll[+3 ,any      
employ] :o violates a provision ( ?is   
,act = :i* a civil p5alty may be assess$
 by ! ,secret>y "u ?is ,act may1 9      
accordance ) subsection 7f71 be liable  
to ! employee or employees affect$ 9 !  
am\nt ( ! civil p5alty42  7,b7 9        
subsection 7e7-- 7i7 9 p>agraph 7#c71 9 
! matt] prec$+ subp>agraph 7,a7 ( !     
second s5t5ce1 by ins]t+ 1 except z     
provid$ 9 subsection 7f77#c77;,a71 aft] 
may2 &  7ii7 9 p>agraph 7#e7-- 7,i7 9 ! 
fir/ s5t5ce1 by ins]t+ & z provid$ 9    
subsection 7f77#c77;,b71 aft] ,except = 
civil p5alties collect$ = violations (  
section #ab2 &  7,,ii7 9 ! second       
s5t5ce1 by /rik+ ,civil p5alties &      

ins]t+ ,except z provid$ 9 subsection   
7f77#c77;,b71 civil p5alties2 &  7,c7 by
 add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7f7 ,private  
"r ( action = p5alties  7#a7 ,9 g5]al   
,not)/&+ any o!r provision 9 ?is ,act1  
an employee t is affect$ by a violation 
( a provision ( ?is ,act = :i* a civil  
p5alty may be assess$ by ! ,secret>y "u 
?is ,act may1 subject to p>agraph 7#b71 
br+ a civil action 9 accordance )       
subsection 7b7 = ! recov]y ( ! am\nt ( !
 p5alty on behalf ( ! employee & any o!r
 employees simil>ly situat$ 7subject to 
! requirem5ts = be+ a p>ty pla9tiff "u  
su* subsection74  7#b7 ,notice  7,a7 ,9 
g5]al ,prior to fil+ ! civil action     
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 ! employee    
fil+ su* action %all file ) ! ,secret>y 
a notice (-- 7i7 ! compla9t ( !         
employee2 &  7ii7 ! int5tion ( !        
employee to file ! action & recov] !    
am\nt ( ! p5alty & any o!r am\nt !      
employee is seek+ "u subsection 7b7 f ! 
employ]4  7,b7 ,notification by         
,secret>y to employee  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,!  

,secret>y %all1 n lat] ?an #fj days aft]
 receiv+ ! notice "u subp>agraph 7,a71  
notify ! employee ( :e!r ! ,secret>y has
 assess$1 is assess+1 or plans to assess
 ! civil p5alty 9 accordance ) ?is ,act4
  7ii7 ,t]m9ation ( employee "r ,! "r ( 
an employee to br+ an action "u         
subsection 7b7 to recov] a civil p5alty 
"u ?is subsection %all t]m9ate ^u ! fil+
 ( a notification by ! ,secret>y "u     
clause 7i7 t ! ,secret>y has assess$1 is
 assess+1 or plans to assess ! civil    
p5alty 9 accordance ) ?is ,act4  7#c7   
,treatm5t ( p5alties recov]$ by         
employees ,9 a case 9 :i* ! ,secret>y   
notifies ! employee t ! ,secret>y has n 
assess$1 is n assess+1 & plans n to     
assess ! civil p5alty 7or fails to meet 
! requir$ deadl9e = notify+ ! employee  
"u p>agraph 7#b77;,b77i77-- 7,a7 !      
second s5t5ce ( p>agraph 7#c71 &        
p>agraph 7#e71 ( subsection 7e7 %all n  
apply ) respect to ! civil p5alty s\ght 
by ! employee2 &  7,b7 if ! p5alty is   
successfully recov]$ ?r\gh a civil      

action by ! employee1 ! employee & any  
o!r simil>ly situat$ employee 7z        
applicable7 %all reta9 ! am\nt ( !      
p5alty 9 accordance ) p>agraph 7#d7 7z  
applicable74  7#d7 ,multiple employees  
,9 a case 9 :i* an employee br+s a civil
 action 9 any ,f$]al or ,/ate c\rt (    
compet5t jurisdiction "u ?is subsection 
= ! recov]y ( a civil p5alty "u ?is ,act
 on behalf ( ! employee & o!r simil>ly  
situat$ employees-- 7,a7 ! employee br++
 ! action %all be entitl$ to-- 7i7 #ajj 
p]c5t ( ! am\nt ( ! p5alty assess$ = su*
 employee2 &  7ii7 #be p]c5t ( ! am\nt (
 ! p5alty assess$ = simil>ly situat$    
employees involv$ 9 ! action2 &  7,b7 ! 
c\rt %all det]m9e h[ to divide ! rema9d]
 ( ! am\nt ( ! p5alty assess$ = simil>ly
 situat$ employees involv$ 9 ! action   
equitably among su* employees4  7#e7    
,arbitration  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,not)/&+ any
 o!r provision ( ,f$]al law & except z  
provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 ! "r to br+ 
a civil action "u ?is subsection may n  
be waiv$1 limit$1 or o!rwise re/rict$ by

 any contract or o!r agreem5t betwe5 an 
employee & an employ] ent]$ into be=e ! 
ev5ts giv+ rise to ! civil action "u ?is
 subsection occurr$1 includ+ any        
contract or o!r agreem5t to resolve     
disputes ?r\gh arbitration4  7,b7       
,cons5t ( ,secret>y ,no civil action    
br\ght "u ?is subsection may be s5t to  
or resolv$ ?r\gh arbitration1 reg>dless 
( :e!r all p>ties to ! civil action h   
cons5t$ to arbitration1 )\t ! explicit  
cons5t ( ! ,secret>y = s5d+ t specific  
action to arbitration4  4  7b7 ,national
 ,labor ,relations ,act  7#a7 ,/r5g!n+  
employee te/ ,section #b7c7 ( !         
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #aeb7c77 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by   
/rik+ ,! t]m & ins]t+ 7,a7 ,! t]m2  7,b7
 by /rik+ employm5t1 b %all n & ins]t+  
employm5t4 ,su* t]m %all n2 &  7,c7 by  
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,b7 7i7 ,=    
purposes ( ?is ,act1 & except z provid$ 
9 ! second s5t5ce ( subp>agraph 7,a7 &  
subp>agraphs 7,c7 & 7,e71 an individual 
p]=m+ any labor = remun]ation = a p]son 

%all be an employee employ$ by su* p]son
 & n an indep5d5t contractor ( ! p]son1 
unless-- 7,i7 ! individual is free f    
control & direction 9 connection ) !    
p]=mance ( ! labor1 bo? "u ! contract = 
! p]=mance ( ! labor & 9 fact2  7,,ii7 !
 labor is p]=m$ outside ! usual c\rse ( 
! bus9ess ( ! p]son2 &  7,,iii7 !       
individual is cu/om>ily engag$ 9 an     
indep5d5tly e/abli%$ trade1 occupation1 
pr(ession1 or bus9ess ( ! same nature z 
t involv$ 9 ! labor p]=m$4  7ii7 7,i7   
,clause 7i7 is n a codification ( !     
common law & %all n be int]pret$ to     
reflect1 or to be limit$ or re/rict$ by1
 common law int]pretations reg>d+ :5 an 
individual is an employee ( ano!r p]son4
 ,clause 7i7 %all be consid]$ complete z
 writt51 & any judicial or ag5cy        
int]pretation ( su* clause %all be      
limit$ to ! explicit requirem5ts ( su*  
clause4  7,,ii7 ,! requirem5ts ( clause 
7i7 %all n be 9 any way affect$ by any  
agreem5t1 writt5 or o!rwise1 t purports 
to demon/rate an individual's           

ackn[l$gm5t ( or acquiesc5ce to ! abs5ce
 ( an employ]-employee relation%ip ) a  
p>ticul> employ]4  7,c7 7i7 ,not)/&+ any
 contr>y provisions 9 ?is p>agraph or   
p>agraph 7#b71 9 any in/ance 9 :i* !re  
is a non-compete agreem5t betwe5 a p]son
 & an individual :o p]=ms labor = su*   
p]son1 ! pres5ce ( ! non-compete        
agreem5t1 )\t reg>d to ! legality or    
en=ceability ( ! non-compete agreem5t1  
%all be evid5ce ( control = purposes (  
subp>agraph 7,b77i77,i71 b %all n by    
itself e/abli% an employm5t relation%ip 
betwe5 su* p]son & ! individual4  7ii7  
,9 ?is subp>agraph1 ! t]m non-compete   
agreem5t means an agreem5t betwe5 a     
p]son & an individual :o p]=ms labor =  
su* p]son t re/ricts ! individual f     
p]=m+1 ei!r dur+ or aft] ! individual   
p]=ms labor = su* p]son-- 7,i7 any labor
 = ano!r p]son2  7,,ii7 any labor = a   
specifi$ p]iod ( "t2  7,,iii7 any labor 
9 a specifi$ geographical area2 or      
7,,iv7 any labor = ano!r p]son t is     
simil> to ! labor su* individual p]=m$ =

 ! p]son t is a p>ty to su* agreem5t4  4
  7#b7 ,presumption ( employee /atus    
,section #b7c7 ( ! ,national ,labor     
,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aeb7c771
 z am5d$ by p>agraph 7#a71 is fur!r     
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,d7  
,= purposes ( ?is ,act1 an individual   
p]=m+ any labor = remun]ation = a p]son 
%all be presum$ to be an employee ( !   
p]son1 unless ! p>ty seek+ to ass]t     
o!rwise e/abli%es by cle> & conv9c+     
evid5ce t ! individual is n an employee 
( ! p]son 9 accordance ) ?is p>agraph4  
4  7#c7 ,misclassification z a /&alone  
violation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #h7;a7
 ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aeh7;a77 is am5d$-- 7i7 
9 p>agraph 7#e71 by /rik+ ! p]iod at !  
end & ins]t+ a semicolon2 &  7ii7 by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#f7 to        
misclassify an employee ( ! employ]1 :o 
is engag$ 9 comm]ce or an indu/ry       
affect+ comm]ce1 z n an employee ( !    
employ] = purposes ( ?is ,act2  4  7,b7 
,incorporation to fur!r violations      

,section #h7;a7 ( ! ,national ,labor    
,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4          
#aeh7;a771 z am5d$ by subp>agraph 7,a71 
is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7#g7 = ! purpose1 9 :ole or 9  
"p1 ( facilitat+1 or evad+ detection (1 
a violation ( ?is ,act1 includ+ a       
violation ( p>agraph 7#f7-- 7,a7 to     
incorporate or =m1 or assi/ 9 !         
incorporation or =mation (1 a           
corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$ liability 
corporation1 or o!r entity2 or  7,b7 to 
pay or collect a fee = use ( a =eign or 
dome/ic corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$   
liability corporation1 or o!r entity2 or
  4  7,c7 ,p5alties ,section #ab ( !    
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #afb7 is am5d$ to read z      
foll[s3  #ab4 ,p5alties  7a7 ,9 g5]al   
,any p]son :o %all willfully resi/1     
prev5t1 imp$e1 or int]f]e ) any memb] ( 
! ,bo>d or any ( its ag5ts or ag5cies 9 
! p]=mance ( duties pursuant to ?is ,act
 %all be puni%$ by a f9e ( n m ?an      
#e1jjj or by imprisonm5t = n m ?an "o   

ye>1 or bo?4  7b7 ,civil p5alties =     
misclassification or incorporation ,to  
fur!r violations  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,any    
p]son :o violates p>agraph 7#f7 or 7#g7 
( section #h7;a7 %all be subject to a   
civil p5alty (-- 7,a7 subject to        
subp>agraphs 7,b7 & 7,c71 #aj1jjj2  7,b7
 if ! violation is repeat$ or willful1  
#cj1jjj2 or  7,c7 if ! violation is     
widespread1 #a p]c5t ( ! net pr(its ( ! 
p]son = ! ye> 9 :i* ! p]son _h ! highe/ 
net pr(its out ( all ye>s 9 :i* ! p]son 
0 9 su* violation4  7#b7 ,repeat$1 or   
willful1 & widespread violations ,if a  
violation ( p>agraph 7#f7 or 7#g7 (     
section #h7;a7 is repeat$ or willful1 z 
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,b71 & is     
widespread1 z describ$ 9 p>agraph       
7#a77;,c71 ! high] p5alty ( ! p5alties  
describ$ 9 su* p>agraphs %all apply4    
7#c7 ,paym5t ( p5alties ,any p5alty     
assess$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 = a violation (
 p>agraph 7#f7 or 7#g7 ( section #h7;a7 
%all be paid f an acc\nt ( ! p]son 9 su*
 violation & n paid1 or reimburs$1 by   

any insurance plan t w\ld indemnify !   
p]son f violations ( su* p>agraph 7#f7  
or 7#g71 respectively4 ,if a p]son      
receives a paym5t f an insurance plan to
 indemnify ! p]son f a violation ( su*  
p>agraph1 ! p]son %all transf] ! paym5t 
to ! ,bo>d1 9 addition to ! am\nt to be 
paid f ! acc\nt ( ! p]son = ! p5alty4  4
  7#d7 ,protection f retaliation = be+  
an employee ,section #h7;a77#d7 ( !     
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #aeh7;a77#d77 is am5d$-- 7,a7 
by /rik+ employee because he has fil$ & 
ins]t+ 8employee because--  7,a7 su*    
employee has fil$2  2  7,b7 by /rik+    
,act2 & ins]t+ ,act2 or2 &  7,c7 by add+
 at ! end ! foll[+3  7,b7 su* employee--
 7i7 is requir$1 pursuant to ! enactm5t 
( ! ,work] ,flexibility & ,small        
,bus9ess ,protection ,act ( #bjbj1 to be
 classifi$ z an employee ( ! employ] =  
purposes ( ?is ,act & n an indep5d5t    
contractor2 &  7ii7 0 classifi$ by !    
employ] z an indep5d5t contractor prior 
to ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,work]         

,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess          
,protection ,act ( #bjbj2  4  7#e7      
,presumption ( retaliation ,section #h (
 ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi
 ,u4,s4,c4 #aeh7 is am5d$ by add+ at !  
end ! foll[+3  7h7 ,presumption (       
retaliation ,any action tak5 aga9/ an   
employee )9 #ij days ( ! employee tak+  
any action describ$ 9 subsection        
7a77#d77;,a71 includ+ tak+ any su*      
action ) respect to ex]cis+ ! "r ( !    
employee pursuant to subsection 7a77#f7 
to n be misclassifi$1 %all e/abli% a    
rebuttable presumption t ! action is    
discrim9ation aga9/ ! employee 9        
violation ( subsection 7a77#d74  4  7#f7
 ,/atutory employ]s 9 heavily           
misclassifi$ indu/ries  7,a7 ,def9ition 
( employ] ,section #b7b7 ( ! ,national  
,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4   
#aeb7b77 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3     
7#b7 ,employ]  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m     
employ] includes any p]son act+ z an    
ag5t ( an employ]1 directly or          
indirectly1 b %all n include ! ,unit$   

,/ates or any :olly own$ ,gov]nm5t      
corporation1 or any ,f$]al ,res]ve      
,bank1 or any ,/ate or political        
subdivision !re(1 or any p]son subject  
to ! ,railway ,labor ,act1 z am5d$ f "t 
to "t1 or any labor organization 7o!r   
?an :5 act+ z an employ]71 or anyone    
act+ 9 ! capacity ( (fic] or ag5t ( su* 
labor organization4  7,b7 ,/atutory     
employ]s 9 c]ta9 indu/ries ,! t]m       
employ] %all include any p]son 7except a
 p]son describ$ z exclud$ f ! t]m "u    
subp>agraph 7,a771 ) respect to an      
individual describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c77;,e7
 p]=m+ labor t is b5eficial to ! p]son1 
t is engag$ 9 any ( ! foll[+ "w3 7i7    
,transportation1 includ+ any p]son t    
b5efits f labor p]=m$ by individuals 9 !
 =m ( transportation 9 a motoriz$ or    
unmotoriz$ vehicle1 by foot1 or by any  
o!r means1 includ+ transportation       
network companies1 te*nology plat=m     
companies1 pass5g] transportation or    
food transportation companies1 & c>go   
transportation companies4  7ii7 ,network

 dispat*+1 includ+ any p]son t uses a   
digital network to connect individuals  
or entities seek+ s]vices or labor )    
individuals or entities seek+ to provide
 s]vices or labor1 b n includ+ any p]son
 :o owns1 controls or manages-- 7,i7 a  
completely neutral physical or int]net  
m>ketplace :]e ! procurem5t ( goods or  
s]vices takes place betwe5 individuals  
:o are completely indep5d5t f & free f  
any & all direction or control by !     
p]son own+1 controll+1 or manag+ !      
neutral m>ketplace1 includ+ su* p]son   
hav+ absolutely no role 9 ! sett+ (     
prices or rates1 9 ! assignm5t or       
ref]ral ( reque/s = goods or s]vices to 
individuals :o c\ld pot5tially provide  
su* goods or s]vices1 & 9 ! acceptance  
or rejection ( any reque/s = goods or   
s]vices2 &  7,,ii7 a labor organization 
hir+ hall4  4  7,b7 ,def9ition (        
employee ,section #b7c7 ( ! ,national   
,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4   
#aeb7c771 z am5d$ by p>agraph 7#b71 is  
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  

7,e7 ,not)/&+ subp>agraphs 7,a7 7except 
! second s5t5ce ( su* subp>agraph7 &    
7,b7 ( ?is p>agraph or p>agraph 7#b7    
7o!r ?an subp>agraph 7,b7 ( su*         
p>agraph71 & except z provid$ 9 ! second
 s5t5ce ( su* subp>agraph 7,a71 ! t]m   
employee1 ) respect to an employ]       
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b71 %all     
include any individual p]=m+ labor t is 
b5eficial to ! employ]1 includ+-- 7i7 ) 
respect to transportation describ$ 9    
clause 7i7 ( su* p>agraph1 any          
individual :o p]=ms any portion ( !     
labor includ$ "u su* clause1 includ+    
individuals :o p]=m labor 9 ! =m (      
engag+ 9 transportation b5eficial to    
transportation network companies1       
te*nology plat=m companies1 pass5g]     
transportation or food transportation   
companies1 or c>go transportation       
companies2 &  7ii7 ) respect to network 
dispat*+ describ$ 9 clause 7ii7 ( su*   
p>agraph1 any individual :o p]=ms any   
portion ( ! labor includ$ "u su* clause1
 includ+ provid+ ! s]vices or labor     

describ$ 9 su* clause to ! individuals  
or entities seek+ su* s]vices or labor4 
4  7#g7 ,misclassification en=cem5t     
?r\gh reclassification ord]s & /op "w   
ord]s  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #aj ( !   
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #afj7 is am5d$ by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7n7 ,misclassification   
en=cem5t ?r\gh reclassification ord]s   
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if a regional director1  
aft] an inve/igation "u section #aa1 has
 reasonable cause to believe t an       
employ] has misclassifi$ #a or m        
individuals :o are employees ( ! employ]
 z n employees 9 violation ( section    
#h7;a77#f7 & t1 reg>dless ( :e!r a *>ge 
has be5 or w be fil$1 if *>g$ a compla9t
 w\ld issue-- 7,a7 ! regional director  
%all issue1 n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft]    
mak+ su* det]m9ation1 an ord] aga9/ !   
employ] requir+ ! employ] to imm$iately 
classify ! #a or m individuals z        
employees ( ! employ]2 &  7,b7 ! employ]
 %all imm$iately comply ) ! ord] issu$  
"u subp>agraph 7,a7 or %all o!rwise be 9

 violation ( section #h7;a77#f74  7#b7  
,ord]s ,an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7  
%all-- 7,a7 be effective at ! "t at :i* 
! ord] is s]v$ ^u ! employ]1 :i* may be 
accompli%$ by ! po/+ ( a copy ( ! ord] 9
 a conspicu\s location at ! place (     
bus9ess ( ! employ]2 &  7,b7 rema9 9    
effect dur+ any review conduct$ "u      
p>agraph 7#c7 ) respect to su* ord] &   
dur+ any he>+ & appeal reg>d+ su* ord]  
"u p>agraph 7#d74  7#c7 ,review =       
reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an       
employ] aga9/ :om an ord] is issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 may reque/ a review =     
reconsid]ation ) ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel to    
conte/ ! ord]4  7,b7 ,reque/s ,a reque/ 
"u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be made 9 writ+
 to ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel n m ?an #e days    
aft] ! issuance ( ! ord]4  7,c7         
,requirem5ts = review  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,a  
review "u ?is p>agraph %all-- 7,i7      
comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] a      
reque/ is made "u subp>agraph 7,b72 &   
7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft]
 su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7 ,det]m9ation ,n  

lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a review         
concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 ! ,g5]al 
,c\nsel %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1    
modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,he>+s & appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by 
a det]m9ation ( ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel "u     
p>agraph 7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 reque/
 a he>+ on ! m]its be=e an ,adm9i/rative
 ,law ,judge2  7,b7 appeal ! det]m9ation
 ( an ,adm9i/rative ,law ,judge "u      
subp>agraph 7,a7 to ! ,bo>d2 &  7,c7    
appeal an ord] ( ! ,bo>d "u subp>agraph 
7,b7 to any c\rt ( appeals ( ! ,unit$   
,/ates 9 ! circuit :]e9 !               
misclassification 9 "q 0 alleg$ to h be5
 engag$ 9 or :]e9 su* p]son resides or  
transacts bus9ess1 or to ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict (        
,columbia4  7#e7 ,tempor>y relief or    
re/ra9+ ord] ,! regional director issu+ 
an ord] "u p>agraph 7#a7 may seek1 9 any
 c\rt describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#d77;,c7     
aga9/ an employ] t violates an ord]     
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 tempor>y relief 
or a re/ra9+ ord] to br+ ! employ] into 

compliance ) su* ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 
7#a74 ,a c\rt %all issue su* tempor>y   
relief or re/ra9+ ord] if ! regional    
director has demon/rat$ x is j & prop]4 
7#f7 ,successfully disprov+ occurr5ce ( 
misclassification  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,if an 
employ] ) respect to :om an ord] 0 issu$
 "u p>agraph 7#a7 successfully proves   
?r\gh a review "u p>agraph 7#c71 or a   
subsequ5t he>+ or appeals proce$+ "u    
p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #a or m individuals  
:o 7 ! subject ( ! ord] 7 n misclassifi$
 9 violation ( section #h7;a77#f7-- 7i7 
! ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all cease
 to be 9 effect2  7ii7 ! employ] %all n 
be liable = any applicable back pay1    
damages1 or civil p5alties ow$ by !     
employ] "u ?is ,act ) respect to !      
misclassification ( su* #a or m         
individuals2 &  7iii7 ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel1 
! ,adm9i/rative ,law ,judge1 ! ,bo>d1 or
 ! c\rt 7z applicable7 %all aw>d 7& !   
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 9         
accordance ) subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to !
 employ] reasonable fees & exp5ses (    

attorneys 9 ! same mann] z su* fees &   
exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u section #bdab (
 title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 if !   
employ] 0 a prevail+ p>ty & ! review1   
he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a civil      
action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$      
,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!         
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel1 !     
,adm9i/rative ,law ,judge1 ! ,bo>d1 or !
 c\rt1 z applicable1 pay any fees or    
exp5ses aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f
 am\nts 9 ! g5]al fund ( ! ,treasury4   
7o7 ,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh   
/op "w ord]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any case 
:]e a regional director has reasonable  
cause to believe t an employ] has n     
compli$ ) a reclassification ord] issu$ 
by a regional director "u subsection    
7n77#a71 ) respect to #b or m           
individuals :o are misclassifi$1 )9 #cj 
days ( be+ s]v$ ) ! ord]1 ! regional    
director %all issue-- 7,a7 subject to   
subp>agraph 7,b71 an ord] aga9/ !       
employ] requir+ ! cessation ( all       

bus9ess op]ations ( su* employ] at !    
location ( ! violation2 or  7,b7 if an  
ord] describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 has be5
 previ\sly issu$ aga9/ ! employ] by any 
,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local ag5cy =         
misclassify+ an employee z n an employee
 9 violation ( section #h7;a77#f71 or an
 equival5t ,/ate or local law z det]m9$ 
by ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel1 an ord] aga9/ !    
employ] requir+ ! cessation ( all       
bus9ess op]ations ( su* employ] at all  
bus9ess locations ( ! employ]1 includ+  
locations o!r ?an ! location :]e !      
misclassification occurr$4  7#b7 ,ord]s 
7,a7 ,applicability ,an ord] issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7i7 be effective at
 ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ ^u !        
employ]1 :i* may be accompli%$ by ! po/+
 ( a copy ( ! ord] 9 a conspicu\s       
location at ! place ( bus9ess ( !       
employ]2 &  7ii7 rema9 9 effect-- 7,i7  
dur+ any review "u p>agraph 7#c7 )      
respect to su* ord] or he>+ & appeal (  
su* ord] "u p>agraph 7#d72 &  7,,ii7    
until ! regional director issues a      

release ord] "u subp>agraph 7,b74  7,b7 
,release ord]s  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an ord]   
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 7t is n revok$ by
 ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel or ! ,bo>d or held    
unlawful or set aside by a c\rt7 %all   
rema9 9 effect until ! regional director
 issues ano!r ord] releas+ ! ord] issu$ 
"u p>agraph 7#a7 ^u a f9d+ by ! regional
 director t ! employ]-- 7,i7 has        
correct$ ! violation ( section          
#h7;a77#f7 ) respect to ! #b or m       
individuals :o 7 misclassifi$ result+ 9 
! ord]2 &  7,,ii7 has agre$ to a paym5t 
s*$ule = all applicable back pay1       
damages1 & civil p5alties ow$ by !      
employ] "u ?is ,act4  7ii7 ,re9/atem5t  
,if1 at any "t aft] ! regional director 
issues a release ord] "u clause 7i71 !  
employ] fails to comply ) ! t]ms ( !    
paym5t s*$ule describ$ 9 clause         
7i77,,ii71 ! regional director %all     
re9/ate ! ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7   
until ! employ] is 9 compliance ) su*   
t]ms4  7#c7 ,review = reconsid]ation    
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an employ] aga9/ :om an  

ord] is issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 may      
reque/ a review = reconsid]ation by !   
,g5]al ,c\nsel to conte/ ! ord]4  7,b7  
,reque/s ,a reque/ "u subp>agraph 7,a7  
%all be made 9 writ+ to ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel
 n m ?an #e days aft] ! issuance ( !    
ord]4  7,c7 ,requirem5ts = review  7i7  
,9 g5]al ,a review "u ?is p>agraph      
%all-- 7,i7 comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs 
aft] a reque/ is made "u subp>agraph    
7,b72 &  7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd 
h\rs aft] su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7         
,det]m9ation ,n lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a
 review concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !
 ,g5]al ,c\nsel %all det]m9e :e!r to    
affirm1 modify1 or revoke ! conte/$     
ord]4  7#d7 ,he>+s & appeals ,any p]son 
aggriev$ by a det]m9ation ( ! ,g5]al    
,c\nsel "u p>agraph 7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 
7,a7 reque/ a he>+ on ! m]its be=e an   
,adm9i/rative ,law ,judge2  7,b7 appeal 
a det]m9ation by an ,adm9i/rative ,law  
,judge "u subp>agraph 7,a7 to ! ,bo>d2 &
  7,c7 appeal an ord] ( ! ,bo>d "u      
subp>agraph 7,b7 to any c\rt ( appeals (

 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! circuit :]e9 !     
misclassification 9 "q 0 alleg$ to h be5
 engag$ 9 or :]e9 su* p]son resides or  
transacts bus9ess1 or to ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict (        
,columbia4  7#e7 ,tempor>y relief or    
re/ra9+ ord]s ,! regional director may  
seek1 9 any c\rt describ$ 9 p>agraph    
7#d77;,c7 aga9/ an employ] t violates an
 ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 tempor>y  
relief or a re/ra9+ ord] to br+ !       
employ] into compliance ) su* ord]4 ,a  
c\rt %all issue su* tempor>y relief or  
re/ra9+ ord] if ! regional director has 
demon/rat$ x is j & prop]4  7#f7        
,comp5sation = lo/ "w  7,a7 ,9 g5]al    
,subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 an employ]
 ) respect to :om an ord] is issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 %all pay ea* employee ( ! 
employ]1 :o loses comp5sation due to !  
"w ( su* employee ceas+ z a result ( su*
 ord]1 ! comp5sation t w\ld be ow$ to   
su* employee if ! ord] 0 n issu$4  7,b7 
,limitation ,comp5sation paid "u        
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be = ea* day1 n to

 exce$ #aj days1 = :i* ! employee w\ld  
be paid if ! ord] describ$ 9 su*        
subp>agraph 7 n 9 effect4  7#g7         
,successfully disprov+ occurr5ce (      
misclassification  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any 
case :]e an employ] ) respect to :om an 
ord] 0 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7           
successfully proves1 ?r\gh a review "u  
p>agraph 7#c7 or a subsequ5t he>+ or    
appeals proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #b
 or m individuals :o 7 ! subject ( !    
ord] 7 n misclassifi$ 9 violation (     
section #h7;a77#f7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$ "u
 p>agraph 7#a71 & any ord] issu$ aga9/ !
 employ] "u subsection 7n77#a7 ) respect
 to su* #b or m individuals1 %all cease 
to be 9 effect2  7ii7 ! employ] %all n  
be liable = any applicable back pay1    
damages1 or civil p5alties ow$ by !     
employ] "u ?is ,act ) respect to !      
misclassification ( su* #b or m         
individuals2 &  7iii7 ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel1 
! ,adm9i/rative ,law ,judge1 ! ,bo>d1 or
 ! c\rt1 z applicable1 %all aw>d 7& !   
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 9         

accordance ) subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to !
 employ]-- 7,i7 ! am\nt equal to any    
demon/rable lo/ net pr(its result+ f !  
ord]1 z demon/rat$ by cle> & conv9c+    
evid5ce2 &  7,,ii7 reasonable fees &    
exp5ses ( attorneys 9 ! same mann] z su*
 fees & exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u section
 #bdab ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1
 if ! employ] 0 a prevail+ p>ty & !     
review1 he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a    
civil action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$
 ,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!        
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel1 !     
,adm9i/rative ,law ,judge1 ! ,bo>d1 or !
 c\rt1 z applicable1 pay any am\nts1    
fees1 or exp5ses aw>d$ "u subp>agraph   
7,a77iii7 f am\nts available 9 ! g5]al  
fund ( ! ,treasury4  4  7,b7 ,p5alties  
,section #ab ( ! ,national ,labor       
,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #afb71 z 
am5d$ by p>agraph 7#c77;,c71 is fur!r   
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7c7   
,p5alties = violations (                
reclassification ord]s  7#a7 ,civil     

p5alties ,any p]son :o violates a       
reclassification ord] issu$ by a        
regional director "u section #aj7n77#a7 
%all be subject to a civil p5alty ( n   
less ?an #e1jjj p] day1 ) ea* day       
con/itut+ a sep>ate (f5se4  7#b7        
,additional damages ,9 any case :]e an  
employ] conte/s a reclassification ord] 
issu$ by a regional director "u p>agraph
 7#a7 ( section #aj7n7 9 a review "u    
p>agraph 7#c7 ( su* section1 a he>+ "u  
p>agraph 7#d77;,a7 ( su* section1 an    
appeal to ! ,bo>d "u p>agraph 7#d77;,b7 
( su* section1 & a subsequ5t judicial   
proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d77;,c7 ( su*     
section & a c\rt rules 9 favor ( !      
regional director-- 7,a7 ! c\rt %all    
det]m9e if1 dur+ ! p]iod betwe5 !       
issuance ( ! ord] & ! conclusion ( !    
proce$+1 ! employ] violat$ su* ord] by n
 classify+ ! #a or m individuals z      
employees dur+ t p]iod2 &  7,b7 if !    
c\rt det]m9es ! employ] s violat$ ! ord]
 dur+ t p]iod-- 7i7 ! c\rt %all det]m9e 
! am\nt ( net pr(its d]iv$ by ! employ] 

f ! individuals' labor dur+ t p]iod2 &  
7ii7 ! c\rt %all assess damages 9 !     
am\nt det]m9$ "u clause 7i71 :i* damages
 %all be aw>d$ to su* individuals by !  
c\rt4  4  7c7 ,occupational ,safety &   
,heal? ,act ( #aigj  7#a7 ,/r5g!n+      
employee te/ ,section #c7f7 ( !         
,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   
#aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #feb7f77 is am5d$--
 7,a7 by /rik+ ,! t]m & ins]t+ 7,a7 ,!  
t]m2 &  7,b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 
7,b7 7i7 ,= purposes ( ?is ,act1 includ+
 any /&>d1 rule1 regulation1 or ord]    
promulgat$ pursuant to ?is ,act1 except 
z provid$ 9 subp>agraphs 7,c7 & 7,e71 an
 individual p]=m+ any labor =           
remun]ation = a p]son %all be an        
employee employ$ by su* p]son & n an    
indep5d5t contractor ( ! p]son1 unless--
 7,i7 ! individual is free f control &  
direction 9 connection ) ! p]=mance ( ! 
labor1 bo? "u ! contract = ! p]=mance ( 
! labor & 9 fact2  7,,ii7 ! labor is    
p]=m$ outside ! usual c\rse ( ! bus9ess 
( ! p]son2 &  7,,iii7 ! individual is   

cu/om>ily engag$ 9 an indep5d5tly       
e/abli%$ trade1 occupation1 pr(ession1  
or bus9ess ( ! same nature z t involv$ 9
 ! labor p]=m$4  7ii7 ,clause 7i7 is n a
 codification ( ! common law & %all n be
 int]pret$ to reflect1 or to be limit$  
or re/rict$ by1 common law              
int]pretations reg>d+ :5 an individual  
is an employee ( ano!r p]son4 ,clause   
7i7 %all be consid]$ complete z writt51 
& any judicial or ag5cy int]pretation ( 
su* clause %all be limit$ to ! explicit 
requirem5ts ( su* clause4  7iii7 ,!     
requirem5ts ( clause 7i7 %all n be 9 any
 way affect$ by any agreem5t1 writt5 or 
o!rwise1 t purports to demon/rate an    
individual's ackn[l$gm5t ( or           
acquiesc5ce to ! abs5ce ( an            
employ]-employee relation%ip ) a        
p>ticul> employ]4  7,c7 7i7 ,not)/&+ any
 contr>y provisions 9 ?is p>agraph or   
p>agraph 7#e71 9 any in/ance 9 :i* !re  
is a non-compete agreem5t betwe5 a p]son
 & an individual :o p]=ms labor = su*   
p]son1 ! pres5ce ( ! non-compete        

agreem5t1 )\t reg>d to ! legality or    
en=ceability ( ! non-compete agreem5t1  
%all be evid5ce ( control = purposes (  
subp>agraph 7,b77i77,i71 b %all n by    
itself e/abli% an employm5t relation%ip 
betwe5 su* p]son & ! individual4  7ii7  
,9 ?is subp>agraph1 ! t]m non-compete   
agreem5t means an agreem5t betwe5 a     
p]son & an individual :o p]=ms labor =  
su* p]son t re/ricts ! individual f     
p]=m+1 ei!r dur+ or aft] ! individual   
p]=ms labor = su* p]son-- 7,i7 any labor
 = ano!r p]son2  7,,ii7 any labor = a   
specifi$ p]iod ( "t2  7,,iii7 any labor 
9 a specifi$ geographical area2 or      
7,,iv7 any labor = ano!r p]son t is     
simil> to ! labor su* individual p]=m$ =
 ! p]son t is a p>ty to su* agreem5t4  4
  7#b7 ,presumption ( employee /atus    
,section #c7f7 ( ! ,occupational ,safety
 & ,heal? ,act ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4   
#feb7f771 z am5d$ by p>agraph 7#a71 is  
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  
7,d7 ,= purposes ( ?is ,act1 includ+ any
 /&>d1 rule1 regulation1 or ord]        

promulgat$ pursuant to ?is ,act1 an     
individual p]=m+ any labor = remun]ation
 = a p]son %all be presum$ to be an     
employee ( ! p]son1 unless ! p>ty seek+ 
to ass]t o!rwise e/abli%es by cle> &    
conv9c+ evid5ce t ! individual is n an  
employee 9 accordance ) ?is p>agraph4  4
  7#c7 ,misclassification z a /&alone   
violation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #e7;a7
 ( ! ,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act
 ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #fed7;a77 is    
am5d$-- 7i7 9 p>agraph 7#b71 by /rik+ ! 
p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ a semicolon2 &  
7ii7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#c7   
%all n misclassify an employee ( !      
employ] z n an employee ( ! employ] =   
purposes ( ?is ,act1 includ+ any /&>d1  
rule1 regulation1 or ord] promulgat$    
pursuant to ?is ,act2 &  4  7,b7        
,incorporation to fur!r violations      
,section #e7;a7 ( ! ,occupational       
,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigj 7#bi      
,u4,s4,c4 #fed7;a771 z am5d$ by         
subp>agraph 7,a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+
 at ! end ! foll[+3  7#d7 %all n1 = !   

purpose1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ( facilitat+1  
or evad+ detection (1 a violation ( ?is 
,act1 includ+ a violation ( p>agraph    
7#c7 or any /&>d1 rule1 regulation1 or  
ord] promulgat$ pursuant to ?is ,act--  
7,a7 incorporate or =m1 or assi/ 9 !    
incorporation or =mation (1 a           
corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$ liability 
corporation1 or o!r entity2 or  7,b7 pay
 or collect a fee = use ( a =eign or    
dome/ic corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$   
liability corporation1 or o!r entity4  4
  7,c7 ,p5alties ,section #ag ( !       
,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   
#aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #fff7 is am5d$--   
7i7 by r$esignat+ subsections 7j71 7k71 
& 7l7 z subsections 7o71 7p71 & 7q71    
respectively2 &  7ii7 by ins]t+ aft]    
subsection 7i7 ! foll[+3  7j7 ,civil    
p5alties = misclassification or         
incorporation ,to fur!r violations  7#a7
 ,9 g5]al ,any p]son :o violates        
p>agraph 7#c7 or 7#d7 ( section #e7;a7  
%all be subject to a civil p5alty (--   
7,a7 subject to subp>agraphs 7,b7 &     

7,c71 #aj1jjj2  7,b7 if ! violation is  
repeat$ or willful1 #cj1jjj2 or  7,c7 if
 ! violation is widespread1 #a p]c5t ( !
 net pr(its ( ! p]son = ! ye> 9 :i* !   
p]son _h ! highe/ net pr(its out ( all  
ye>s 9 :i* ! p]son 0 9 su* violation4   
7#b7 ,repeat$1 or willful1 & widespread 
violations ,if a violation ( p>agraph   
7#c7 or 7#d7 ( section #e7;a7 is repeat$
 or willful1 z describ$ 9 p>agraph      
7#a77;,b71 & is widespread1 z describ$ 9
 p>agraph 7#a77;,c71 ! high] p5alty ( ! 
p5alties describ$ 9 su* p>agraphs %all  
apply4  7#c7 ,paym5t ( p5alties ,any    
p5alty assess$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 = a     
violation ( p>agraph 7#c7 or 7#d7 (     
section #e7;a7 %all be paid f an acc\nt 
( ! p]son 9 su* violation & n paid1 or  
reimburs$1 by any insurance plan t w\ld 
indemnify ! p]son f violations ( su*    
p>agraph 7#c7 or 7#d71 respectively4 ,if
 a p]son receives a paym5t f an         
insurance plan to indemnify ! p]son f a 
violation ( su* p>agraph1 ! p]son %all  
transf] ! paym5t to ! ,secret>y1 9      

addition to ! am\nt to be paid f !      
acc\nt ( ! p]son = ! p5alty4  4  7#d7   
,protection f retaliation = be+ an      
employee ,section #aa7;c77#a7 ( !       
,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   
#aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ffj7;c77#a77 is   
am5d$-- 7,a7 by /rik+ because su*       
employee & ins]t+ 8because--  7,a7 su*  
employee2  2  7,b7 by /rik+ af=d$ by ?is
 ,act4 & ins]t+ af=d$ by ?is ,act2 or2 &
  7,c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,b7 
su* employee-- 7i7 is requir$1 pursuant 
to ! enactm5t ( ! ,work] ,flexibility & 
,small ,bus9ess ,protection ,act (      
#bjbj1 to be classifi$ z an employee ( !
 p]son = purposes ( ?is ,act1 includ+   
any /&>d1 rule1 regulation1 or ord]     
promulgat$ pursuant to ?is ,act1 & n an 
indep5d5t contractor2 &  7ii7 0         
classifi$ by ! p]son z an indep5d5t     
contractor prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( 
! ,work] ,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess 
,protection ,act ( #bjbj4  4  7#e7      
,rules reg>d+ unlawful dis*>ge or       
discrim9ation ,section #aa7;c7 ( !      

,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   
#aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ffj7;c77 is am5d$ 
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#d7        
,presumption ( retaliation ,any action  
tak5 by a p]son describ$ 9 p>agraph     
7#a77;,a7 aga9/ an employee )9 #ij days 
( ! employee tak+ any action describ$ 9 
su* p>agraph1 includ+ tak+ any su*      
action ) respect to ex]cis+ ! "r ( !    
employee pursuant to section #e7;a77#c7 
to n be misclassifi$1 %all e/abli% a    
rebuttable presumption t ! action is    
discrim9ation aga9/ ! employee 9        
violation ( p>agraph 7#a74  7#e7        
,motivat+ factor ,unlawful dis*>ge or   
o!r discrim9ation aga9/ an employee "u  
p>agraph 7#a7 is e/abli%$ :5 ! compla9+ 
p>ty demon/rates t "o ( ! actions or !  
classification describ$ 9 su* p>agraph 0
 a motivat+ factor = su* dis*>ge or o!r 
discrim9ation1 ev5 if su* dis*>ge or o!r
 discrim9ation 0 also motivat$ by o!r   
factors4  4  7#f7 ,/atutory employ]s 9  
heavily misclassifi$ indu/ries  7,a7    
,def9ition ( employ] ,section #c7e7 ( ! 

,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   
#aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #feb7e77 is am5d$  
to read z foll[s3  7#e7 ,employ]  7,a7  
,9 g5]al ,! t]m employ] means a p]son   
engag$ 9 a bus9ess affect+ comm]ce :o   
has employees4  7,b7 ,exclusion ,! t]m  
employ] does n include ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
7n includ+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,po/al       
,s]vice7 or any ,/ate or political      
subdivision ( a ,/ate4  7,c7 ,/atutory  
employ]s 9 c]ta9 indu/ries ,! t]m       
employ] %all include any p]son 7except z
 provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b771 ) respect 
to an individual describ$ 9 p>agraph    
7#f77;,e7 p]=m+ labor t is b5eficial to 
! p]son1 t is engag$ 9 any ( ! foll[+   
"w3 7i7 ,transportation1 includ+ any    
p]son t b5efits f labor p]=m$ by        
individuals 9 ! =m ( transportation 9 a 
motoriz$ or unmotoriz$ vehicle1 by foot1
 or by any o!r means1 includ+           
transportation network companies1       
te*nology plat=m companies1 pass5g]     
transportation or food transportation   
companies1 & c>go transportation        

companies4  7ii7 ,network dispat*+1     
includ+ any p]son t uses a digital      
network to connect individuals or       
entities seek+ s]vices or labor )       
individuals or entities seek+ to provide
 s]vices or labor1 b n includ+ any p]son
 :o owns1 controls1 or manages-- 7,i7 a 
completely neutral physical or int]net  
m>ketplace :]e ! procurem5t ( goods or  
s]vices takes place betwe5 individuals  
:o are completely indep5d5t f & free f  
any & all direction or control by !     
p]son own+1 controll+1 or manag+ !      
neutral m>ketplace1 includ+ su* p]son   
hav+ absolutely no role 9 ! sett+ (     
prices or rates1 9 ! assignm5t or       
ref]ral ( reque/s = goods or s]vices to 
individuals :o c\ld pot5tially provide  
su* goods or s]vices1 & 9 ! acceptance  
or rejection ( any reque/s = goods or   
s]vices2 &  7,,ii7 a labor organization 
hir+ hall4  4  7,b7 ,def9ition (        
employee ,section #c7f7 ( !             
,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   
#aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #feb7f771 z am5d$  

by p>agraph 7#b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+
 at ! end ! foll[+3  7,e7 ,not)/&+      
subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,b7 ( ?is p>agraph 
or p>agraph 7#e7 7o!r ?an subp>agraph   
7,c7 ( su* p>agraph71 ! t]m employee1 ) 
respect to an employ] describ$ 9        
p>agraph 7#e77;,c71 %all include any    
individual p]=m+ labor t is b5eficial to
 ! employ]1 includ+-- 7i7 ) respect to  
transportation describ$ 9 clause 7i7 (  
su* p>agraph1 any individual :o p]=ms   
any portion ( ! labor includ$ "u su*    
clause1 includ+ individuals :o p]=m     
labor 9 ! =m ( engag+ 9 transportation  
b5eficial to transportation network     
companies1 te*nology plat=m companies1  
pass5g] transportation or food          
transportation companies1 or c>go       
transportation companies2 &  7ii7 )     
respect to network dispat*+ describ$ 9  
clause 7ii7 ( su* p>agraph1 any         
individual :o p]=ms any portion ( !     
labor includ$ "u su* clause1 includ+    
provid+ ! s]vices or labor describ$ 9   
su* clause to ! individuals or entities 

seek+ su* s]vices or labor4  4  7#g7    
,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh       
reclassification ord]s & /op "w ord]s   
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,occupational ,safety &
 ,heal? ,act ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #fea
 et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft]       
section #ac 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ffb7 !      
foll[+3  #ac;,a4 ,misclassification     
en=cem5t ?r\gh reclassification ord]s & 
/op "w ord]s  7a7 ,reclassification     
ord]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if ! ,secret>y    
det]m9es1 aft] an inve/igation "u       
section #h1 t an employ] has            
misclassifi$ #a or m individuals :o are 
employees ( ! employ] z n employees 9   
violation ( section #e7;a77#c7-- 7,a7 ! 
,secret>y %all issue1 n lat] ?an #bd    
h\rs aft] mak+ su* det]m9ation1 an ord] 
aga9/ ! employ] requir+ ! employ] to    
imm$iately classify ! #a or m           
individuals z employees ( ! employ]2 &  
7,b7 ! employ] %all imm$iately comply ) 
! ord] issu$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 or %all
 o!rwise be 9 violation ( section       
#e7;a77#c74  7#b7 ,ord]s ,an ord] issu$ 

"u p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7,a7 be         
effective at ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ 
^u ! employ]1 :i* may be accompli%$ by !
 po/+ ( a copy ( ! ord] 9 a conspicu\s  
location at ! place ( bus9ess ( !       
employ]2 &  7,b7 rema9 9 effect dur+ any
 review conduct$ "u p>agraph 7#c7 )     
respect to su* ord] & dur+ any he>+ &   
appeal ( su* ord] "u p>agraph 7#d74     
7#c7 ,review = reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9  
g5]al ,an employ] aga9/ :om an ord] is  
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 may reque/ a     
review by ! ,secret>y to conte/ ! ord]4 
7,b7 ,reque/s ,a reque/ "u subp>agraph  
7,a7 %all be made 9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y
 n m ?an #e days aft] ! issuance ( !    
ord]4  7,c7 ,requirem5ts = review  7i7  
,9 g5]al ,a review "u ?is p>agraph      
%all-- 7,i7 comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs 
aft] a reque/ is made "u subp>agraph    
7,b72 &  7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd 
h\rs aft] su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7         
,det]m9ation ,n lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a
 review concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !
 ,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1 

modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,he>+s & appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by 
a det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph 
7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 reque/ a he>+  
to appeal su* det]m9ation to an         
adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7 appeal  
an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law judge "u  
subp>agraph 7,a7 to any ,unit$ ,/ates   
c\rt ( appeals = ! circuit 9 :i* !      
violation is alleg$ to h occurr$ or :]e 
! employ] has its pr9cipal (fice1 or 9 !
 ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict (        
,columbia ,circuit4  7#e7 ,appropriate  
relief ,! ,secret>y may seek appropriate
 relief1 9 a c\rt describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#d77;,b71 to re/ra9 any employ] t      
violates an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74
 ,a c\rt %all issue su* appropriate     
relief if ! ,secret>y has demon/rat$ x  
is j & prop]4  7#f7 ,successfully       
disprov+ occurr5ce ( misclassification  
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,if an employ] ) respect  
to :om an ord] 0 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 
successfully proves ?r\gh a review "u   
p>agraph 7#c71 or a he>+ or appeal "u   

p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #a or m individuals  
:o 7 ! subject ( ! ord] 7 n misclassifi$
 9 violation ( section #e7;a77#c7-- 7i7 
! ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all cease
 to be 9 effect2  7ii7 ! employ] %all n 
be liable = any applicable back pay1    
damages1 or civil p5alties ow$ by !     
employ] "u ?is ,act 7includ+ any /&>d1  
rule1 regulation1 or ord] promulgat$    
pursuant to ?is ,act7 ) respect to !    
misclassification ( su* #a or m         
individuals2 &  7iii7 ! ,secret>y1      
adm9i/rative law judge1 or ! c\rt1 z    
applicable1 %all aw>d 7& ! ,secret>y (  
,labor %all1 9 accordance ) subp>agraph 
7,b71 pay7 to ! employ] reasonable fees 
& exp5ses ( attorneys 9 ! same mann] z  
su* fees & exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u     
section #bdab ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,code1 if ! employ] 0 a prevail+ p>ty &
 ! review1 he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a 
civil action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$
 ,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!        
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1   

adm9i/rative law judge1 or a c\rt1 z    
applicable1 pay any fees or exp5ses     
aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f am\nts 
9 ! g5]al fund ( ! ,treasury4  7b7 ,/op 
"w ord]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any case :]e 
an employ] does n comply ) a            
reclassification ord] issu$ by !        
,secret>y "u subsection 7a77#a71 )      
respect to #b or m individuals :o are   
misclassifi$1 )9 #cj days ( be+ s]v$ ) !
 ord]1 ! ,secret>y %all issue-- 7,a7    
subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 an ord]    
aga9/ ! employ] requir+ ! cessation (   
all bus9ess op]ations ( su* employ] at !
 location ( ! violation2 or  7,b7 if an 
ord] describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 has be5
 previ\sly issu$ aga9/ ! employ] by any 
,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local ag5cy =         
misclassify+ an employee z n an employee
 9 violation ( section #e7;a77#c71 or an
 equival5t ,/ate or local law z det]m9$ 
by ! ,secret>y1 an ord] aga9/ ! employ] 
requir+ ! cessation ( all bus9ess       
op]ations ( su* employ] at all bus9ess  
locations ( ! employ]1 includ+ locations

 o!r ?an ! location :]e !               
misclassification occurr$4  7#b7 ,ord]s 
7,a7 ,applicability ,an ord] issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7i7 be effective at
 ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ ^u !        
employ]1 :i* may be accompli%$ by ! po/+
 ( a copy ( ! ord] 9 a conspicu\s       
location at ! place ( bus9ess ( !       
employ]2 &  7ii7 rema9 9 effect-- 7,i7  
dur+ any review conduct$ "u p>agraph    
7#c7 ) respect to su* ord] & any he>+ & 
appeal ( su* ord] "u p>agraph 7#d72 &   
7,,ii7 until ! ,secret>y issues a       
release ord] "u subp>agraph 7,b74  7,b7 
,release ord]s  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an ord]   
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 7t is n revok$ by
 ! ,secret>y or held unlawful or set    
aside by an adm9i/rative law judge or a 
c\rt7 %all rema9 9 effect until !       
,secret>y issues ano!r ord] releas+ !   
ord] issu$ "u su* p>agraph ^u a f9d+ by 
! ,secret>y t ! employ]-- 7,i7 has      
correct$ ! violation ( section          
#e7;a77#c7 ) respect to ! #b or m       
individuals :o 7 misclassifi$ result+ 9 

! ord]2 &  7,,ii7 has agre$ to a paym5t 
s*$ule = all applicable back pay1       
damages1 & civil p5alties ow$ by !      
employ] "u ?is ,act1 includ+ any /&>d1  
rule1 regulation1 or ord] promulgat$    
pursuant to ?is ,act4  7ii7 ,re9/atem5t 
,if1 at any "t aft] ! ,secret>y issues a
 release ord] "u subp>agraph 7,a71 !    
employ] fails to comply ) ! t]ms ( !    
paym5t s*$ule describ$ 9 clause         
7i77,,ii71 ! ,secret>y %all re9/ate !   
ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 until !     
employ] is 9 compliance ) su* t]ms4     
7#c7 ,review = reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9  
g5]al ,an employ] aga9/ :om an ord] is  
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 may reque/ a     
review by ! ,secret>y to conte/ ! ord]4 
7,b7 ,reque/s ,a reque/ "u subp>agraph  
7,a7 %all be made 9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y
 n m ?an #e days aft] ! issuance ( !    
ord]4  7,c7 ,requirem5ts = review  7i7  
,9 g5]al ,a review "u ?is p>agraph      
%all-- 7,i7 comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs 
aft] a reque/ is made "u subp>agraph    
7,b72 &  7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd 

h\rs aft] su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7         
,det]m9ation ,n lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a
 review concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !
 ,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1 
modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,he>+s & appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by 
a det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph 
7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 reque/ a he>+  
to appeal su* det]m9ation to an         
adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7 appeal  
an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law judge "u  
subp>agraph 7,a7 to any ,unit$ ,/ates   
c\rt ( appeals = ! circuit 9 :i* !      
violation is alleg$ to h occurr$ or :]e 
! employ] has its pr9cipal (fice1 or 9 !
 ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict (        
,columbia ,circuit4  7#e7 ,appropriate  
relief ,! ,secret>y may seek appropriate
 relief1 9 a c\rt describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#d77;,b71 to re/ra9 any employ] t      
violates an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74
 ,a c\rt %all issue su* appropriate     
relief if ! ,secret>y has demon/rat$ x  
is j & prop]4  7#f7 ,comp5sation = lo/  
"w  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to           

subp>agraph 7,b71 an employ] ) respect  
to :om an ord] is issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7
 %all pay ea* employee ( ! employ]1 :o  
loses comp5sation due to ! "w ( su*     
employee ceas+ z a result ( su* ord]1 ! 
comp5sation t w\ld be ow$ to su*        
employee if ! ord] 0 n issu$4  7,b7     
,limitation ,comp5sation paid "u        
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be = ea* day1 n to
 exce$ #aj days1 = :i* ! employee w\ld  
be paid if ! ord] describ$ 9 su*        
p>agraph 7 n 9 effect4  7#g7            
,successfully disprov+ occurr5ce (      
misclassification  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any 
case :]e an employ] ) respect to :om an 
ord] 0 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7           
successfully proves1 ?r\gh a review "u  
p>agraph 7#c7 or a subsequ5t he>+ or    
appeals proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #b
 or m individuals :o 7 ! subject ( !    
ord] 7 n misclassifi$ 9 violation (     
section #e7;a77#c7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$ "u
 p>agraph 7#a71 & any ord] issu$ aga9/ !
 employ] "u subsection 7a77#a7 ) respect
 to su* #b or m individuals1 %all cease 

to be 9 effect2  7ii7 ! employ] %all n  
be liable = any applicable back pay1    
damages1 or civil p5alties ow$ by !     
employ] "u ?is ,act 7includ+ any /&>d1  
rule1 regulation1 or ord] promulgat$    
pursuant to ?is ,act7 ) respect to !    
misclassification ( su* #b or m         
individuals2 &  7iii7 ! ,secret>y (     
,labor1 adm9i/rative law judge1 or !    
c\rt1 %all aw>d 7& ! ,secret>y ( !      
,treasury %all1 9 accordance )          
subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to ! employ]--   
7,i7 an am\nt equal to any demon/rable  
lo/ net pr(its result+ f ! ord]1 z      
demon/rat$ by cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce2 & 
7,,ii7 reasonable fees & exp5ses (      
attorneys 9 ! same mann] z su* fees &   
exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u section #bdab (
 title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 if !   
employ] 0 a prevail+ p>ty & ! review1   
he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a civil      
action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$      
,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!         
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1   

adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1 z      
applicable1 pay any am\nts1 fees1 or    
exp5ses aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f
 am\nts available 9 ! g5]al fund ( !    
,treasury4  4  7,b7 ,p5alties ,section  
#ag ( ! ,occupational ,safety & ,heal?  
,act ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #fff71 z    
am5d$ by p>agraph 7#c77;,c71 is fur!r   
am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7j7 !   
foll[+3  7k7 ,p5alties = violations (   
reclassification ord]s  7#a7 ,civil     
p5alties ,any p]son :o violates a       
reclassification ord] issu$ by !        
,secret>y "u section #ac;,a7a77#a7 %all 
be subject to a civil p5alty ( n less   
?an #e1jjj p] day1 ) ea* day con/itut+ a
 sep>ate (f5se4  7#b7 ,additional       
damages ,9 any case :]e an employ]      
conte/s a reclassification ord] issu$ by
 ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph 7#a7 ( section 
#ac;,a7a7 9 a review "u p>agraph 7#c7 ( 
su* section1 he>+ "u p>agraph 7#d77;,a7 
( su* section1 & subsequ5t judicial     
proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d77;,b7 ( su*     
section & a c\rt rules 9 favor ( !      

,secret>y-- 7,a7 ! c\rt %all det]m9e if1
 dur+ ! p]iod betwe5 ! issuance ( ! ord]
 & ! conclusion ( ! proce$+1 ! employ]  
violat$ su* ord] by n classify+ ! #a or 
m individuals z employees dur+ t p]iod2 
&  7,b7 if ! c\rt det]m9es ! employ] s  
violat$ ! ord] dur+ t p]iod-- 7i7 ! c\rt
 %all det]m9e ! am\nt ( net pr(its d]iv$
 by ! employ] f ! individuals' labor    
dur+ t p]iod2 &  7ii7 ! c\rt %all assess
 damages 9 ! am\nt det]m9$ "u clause    
7i71 :i* damages %all be aw>d$ to su*   
individuals by ! c\rt4  4  7d7 ,f$]al   
,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigg  7#a7
 ,/r5g!n+ employee te/ ,! ,f$]al ,m9e   
,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigg 7#cj      
,u4,s4,c4 #hja et seq47 is am5d$ by     
ins]t+ aft] section #d 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4   
#hjc7 ! foll[+3  #d;,a4 ,employee te/   
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,= purposes ( ?is ,act1    
includ+ any m&atory heal? or safety     
/&>d1 rule1 ord]1 or regulation         
promulgat$ pursuant to ?is ,act1 &      
except z provid$ 9 subsection 7c71 an   
individual p]=m+ any labor 9 a coal or  

o!r m9e = remun]ation = a p]son %all be 
an employee employ$ by su* p]son & n an 
indep5d5t contractor ( ! p]son1 unless--
 7#a7 ! individual is free f control &  
direction 9 connection ) ! p]=mance ( ! 
labor1 bo? "u ! contract = ! p]=mance ( 
! labor & 9 fact2  7#b7 ! labor is p]=m$
 outside ! usual c\rse ( ! bus9ess ( !  
p]son2 &  7#c7 ! individual is cu/om>ily
 engag$ 9 an indep5d5tly e/abli%$ trade1
 occupation1 pr(ession1 or bus9ess ( !  
same nature z t involv$ 9 ! labor p]=m$4
  7b7 ,cl>ifications  7#a7 ,relation%ip 
) common law ,subsection 7a7 is n a     
codification ( ! common law & %all n be 
int]pret$ to reflect1 or to be limit$ or
 re/rict$ by1 common law int]pretations 
reg>d+ :5 an individual is an employee (
 ano!r p]son4 ,subsection 7a7 %all be   
consid]$ complete z writt51 & any       
judicial or ag5cy int]pretation ( su*   
subsection %all be limit$ to ! explicit 
requirem5ts ( su* subsection4  7#b7     
,impact ( writt5 or o!r agreem5ts ,!    
requirem5ts ( subsection 7a7 %all n be 9

 any way affect$ by any agreem5t1 writt5
 or o!rwise1 t purports to demon/rate an
 individual's ackn[l$gm5t ( or          
acquiesc5ce to ! abs5ce ( an            
employ]-employee relation%ip ) a        
p>ticul> employ]4  7c7 ,non-,compete    
agreem5ts  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,not)/&+ any   
contr>y provisions 9 ?is ,act1 9 any    
in/ance 9 :i* !re is a non-compete      
agreem5t betwe5 a p]son & an individual 
:o p]=ms labor = su* p]son1 ! pres5ce ( 
! non-compete agreem5t1 )\t reg>d to !  
legality or en=ceability ( ! non-compete
 agreem5t1 %all be evid5ce ( control =  
purposes ( subsection 7a77#a71 b %all n 
by itself e/abli% an employm5t          
relation%ip betwe5 su* p]son & !        
individual4  7#b7 ,def9ition (          
non-compete agreem5t ,9 ?is subsection1 
! t]m non-compete agreem5t means an     
agreem5t betwe5 a p]son & an individual 
:o p]=ms labor = su* p]son t re/ricts ! 
individual f p]=m+1 ei!r dur+ or aft] ! 
individual p]=ms labor = su* p]son--    
7,a7 any labor = ano!r p]son2  7,b7 any 

labor = a specifi$ p]iod ( "t2  7,c7 any
 labor 9 a specifi$ geographical area2  
or  7,d7 any labor = ano!r p]son t is   
simil> to ! labor su* individual p]=m$ =
 ! p]son t is a p>ty to su* agreem5t4  4
  7#b7 ,presumption ( employee /atus    
,section #d;,a ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety &
 ,heal? ,act ( #aigg1 z add$ by p>agraph
 7#a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !
 foll[+3  7d7 ,presumption ( employee   
/atus ,= purposes ( ?is ,act1 includ+   
any m&atory heal? or safety /&>d1 rule1 
ord]1 or regulation promulgat$ pursuant 
to ?is ,act1 an individual p]=m+ any    
labor 9 a coal or o!r m9e = remun]ation 
= a p]son %all be presum$ to be an      
employee ( ! p]son1 unless ! p>ty seek+ 
to ass]t o!rwise e/abli%es by cle> &    
conv9c+ evid5ce t ! individual is n an  
employee 9 accordance ) ?is section4  4 
7#c7 ,misclassification z a /&alone     
violation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,title ,i ( !  
,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act (     
#aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #haa et seq47 is   
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  #aag4 

,misclassification2 incorporation to    
fur!r violations  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,no      
op]ator ( a coal or o!r m9e %all        
misclassify an employee ( ! op]ator     
p]=m+ labor 9 a coal or o!r m9e = !     
op]ator z n an employee ( ! p]son =     
purposes ( ?is ,act1 includ+ any m&atory
 heal? or safety /&>d1 rule1 ord]1 or   
regulation promulgat$ pursuant to ?is   
,act4  4  7,b7 ,incorporation to fur!r  
violations ,section #aag ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e
 ,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigg1 z add$  
by subp>agraph 7,a71 is am5d$ by add+ at
 ! end ! foll[+3  7b7 ,incorporation ,to
 fur!r violations ,no p]son %all1 = !   
purpose1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ( facilitat+1  
or evad+ detection (1 a violation ( ?is 
,act1 includ+ a violation ( subsection  
7a7 or any m&atory heal? or safety /&>d1
 rule1 ord]1 or regulation promulgat$   
pursuant to ?is ,act-- 7#a7 incorporate 
or =m1 or assi/ 9 ! incorporation or    
=mation (1 a corporation1 p>tn]%ip1     
limit$ liability corporation1 or o!r    
entity2 or  7#b7 pay or collect a fee = 

use ( a =eign or dome/ic corporation1   
p>tn]%ip1 limit$ liability corporation1 
or o!r entity4  4  7,c7 ,p5alties       
,section #aaj ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & 
,heal? ,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #hbj7
 is am5d$-- 7i7 by r$esignat+           
subsections 7i7 ?r\gh 7l7 z subsections 
7l7 ?r\gh 7o71 respectively2 &  7ii7 by 
ins]t+ aft] subsection 7h7 ! foll[+3    
7i7 ,p5alties = misclassification &     
incorporation ,to fur!r violations  7#a7
 ,9 g5]al ,any op]ator ( a coal or o!r  
m9e :o violates section #aag %all be    
subject to a civil p5alty (-- 7,a7      
subject to subp>agraphs 7,b7 & 7,c71    
#aj1jjj2  7,b7 if ! violation is repeat$
 or willful1 #cj1jjj2 or  7,c7 if !     
violation is widespread1 #a p]c5t ( !   
net pr(its ( ! op]ator = ! ye> 9 :i* !  
op]ator _h ! highe/ net pr(its out ( all
 ye>s 9 :i* ! op]ator 0 9 su* violation4
  7#b7 ,repeat$1 or willful1 &          
widespread violations ,if a violation ( 
section #aag is repeat$ or willful1 z   
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,b71 & is     

widespread1 z describ$ 9 p>agraph       
7#a77;,c71 ! high] p5alty ( ! p5alties  
describ$ 9 su* p>agraphs %all apply4    
7#c7 ,paym5t ( p5alties ,any p5alty     
assess$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 = a violation (
 section #aag %all be paid f an acc\nt (
 ! op]ator 9 su* violation & n paid1 or 
reimburs$1 by any insurance plan t w\ld 
indemnify ! op]ator f violations ( su*  
section4 ,if an op]ator ( a coal or o!r 
m9e receives a paym5t f an insurance    
plan to indemnify ! p]son f a violation 
( su* section1 ! op]ator %all transf] ! 
paym5t to ! ,secret>y1 9 addition to !  
am\nt to be paid f ! acc\nt ( ! op]ator 
= ! p5alty4  4  7#d7 ,protection f      
retaliation = be+ an employee ,section  
#aje7;c77#a7 ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety &  
,heal? ,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4      
#hae7;c77#a77 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by /rik+  
,no p]son & ins]t+ 7,a7 ,no p]son2 &    
7,b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,b7   
,no p]son %all dis*>ge or 9 any mann]   
discrim9ate aga9/ or cause to be dis*>g$
 or cause discrim9ation aga9/ or o!rwise

 int]f]e ) ! ex]cise ( ! /atutory rights
 ( any m9]1 or repres5tative ( m9]s1 9  
any coal or o!r m9e subject to ?is ,act1
 because su* m9]-- 7i7 is requir$       
pursuant to ! enactm5t ( ! ,work]       
,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess          
,protection ,act ( #bjbj to be classifi$
 z an employee ( ! p]son = purposes (   
?is ,act1 includ+ any m&atory heal? or  
safety /&>d1 rule1 ord]1 or regulation  
promulgat$ pursuant to ?is ,act1 & n z  
an indep5d5t contractor2 &  7ii7 0      
classifi$ by ! p]son z an indep5d5t     
contractor prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( 
! ,work] ,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess 
,protection ,act ( #bjbj4  4  7#e7      
,rules reg>d+ unlawful dis*>ge or       
discrim9ation ,section #aje7;c7 ( !     
,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act (     
#aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #hae7;c77 is am5d$ 
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#d7        
,presumption ( retaliation ,any action  
tak5 by a p]son describ$ 9 p>agraph     
7#a77;,a7 aga9/ any m9]1 repres5tative (
 m9]s1 or applicant = employm5t 9 any   

coal or o!r m9e subject to ?is ,act1 )9 
#ij days ( ! m9]1 repres5tative1 or     
applicant tak+ any action describ$ 9 su*
 p>agraph1 includ+ tak+ any su* action )
 respect to ex]cis+ ! "r ( an employee  
pursuant to section #aag7;a7 to n be    
misclassifi$1 %all e/abli% a rebuttable 
presumption t ! action is discrim9ation 
aga9/ ! m9]1 repres5tative1 or applicant
 9 violation ( p>agraph 7#a74  7#e7     
,motivat+ factor ,unlawful dis*>ge or   
discrim9ation "u p>agraph 7#a7 aga9/ a  
m9]1 repres5tative ( m9]s1 or applicant 
= employm5t 9 any coal or o!r m9e       
subject to ?is ,act is e/abli%$ :5 !    
compla9+ p>ty demon/rates t "o ( !      
actions or ! classification describ$ 9  
su* p>agraph 0 a motivat+ factor = su*  
dis*>ge or discrim9ation1 ev5 if su*    
dis*>ge or discrim9ation 0 also motivat$
 by o!r factors4  4  7#f7               
,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh       
reclassification ord]s & /op "w ord]s   
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety &  
,heal? ,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #hja 

et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section
 #ajh 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #hah7 ! foll[+3    
#ajh;,a4 ,misclassification en=cem5t    
?r\gh reclassification ord]s & /op "w   
ord]s  7a7 ,reclassification ord]s  7#a7
 ,9 g5]al ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es1 aft]
 an inve/igation "u section #ajc1 t an  
op]ator ( a coal or o!r m9e has         
misclassifi$ #a or m individuals :o are 
employees p]=m+ labor = ! op]ator 9 a   
coal or o!r m9e z n employees 9         
violation ( section #aag7;a7-- 7,a7 !   
,secret>y %all issue1 n lat] ?an #bd    
h\rs aft] mak+ su* det]m9ation1 an ord] 
aga9/ ! op]ator requir+ ! op]ator to    
imm$iately classify ! #a or m           
individuals z employees ( ! op]ator2 &  
7,b7 ! op]ator %all imm$iately comply ) 
! ord] issu$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 or     
o!rwise be 9 violation ( section        
#aag7;a74  7#b7 ,ord]s ,an ord] issu$ "u
 p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7,a7 be effective 
at ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ ^u !      
op]ator1 :i* may be accompli%$ by ! po/+
 ( a copy ( ! ord] 9 a conspicu\s       

location at ! place ( bus9ess ( !       
op]ator2 &  7,b7 rema9 9 effect dur+ any
 review conduct$ "u p>agraph 7#c7 & dur+
 any he>+ & appeal ( su* ord] "u        
p>agraph 7#d74  7#c7 ,review =          
reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an       
op]ator aga9/ :om an ord] is issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 may reque/ a review by !  
,secret>y to conte/ ! ord]4  7,b7       
,reque/s ,a reque/ "u subp>agraph 7,a7  
%all be made 9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y n m 
?an #e days aft] ! issuance ( ! ord]4   
7,c7 ,requirem5ts = review  7i7 ,9 g5]al
 ,a review "u ?is p>agraph %all-- 7,i7  
comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] a      
reque/ is made "u subp>agraph 7,b72 &   
7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft]
 su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7 ,det]m9ation ,n  
lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a review         
concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !        
,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1  
modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,he>+s & appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by 
a det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph 
7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 reque/ a he>+  

to appeal su* det]m9ation to an         
adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7 appeal  
an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law judge "u  
subp>agraph 7,a7 to ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict (         
,columbia ,circuit or ! circuit :]e9 su*
 p]son resides or has _! pr9cipal place 
( bus9ess4  7#e7 ,relief ,! ,secret>y   
may seek1 9 a c\rt 7includ+ circuit7    
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#d77;,b71 relief   
?r\gh a civil action "u section #ajh7;a7
 aga9/ any op]ator ( a coal or o!r m9e t
 violates an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph     
7#a74 ,a c\rt %all issue su* relief if !
 ,secret>y has demon/rat$ x is j &      
prop]4  7#f7 ,successfully disprov+     
occurr5ce ( misclassification  7,a7 ,9  
g5]al ,if an op]ator ) respect to :om an
 ord] 0 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7          
successfully proves ?r\gh a review "u   
p>agraph 7#c71 or a he>+ or appeal      
proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #a or m   
individuals :o 7 ! subject ( ! ord] 7 n 
misclassifi$ 9 violation ( section      
#aag7;a7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 

7#a7 %all cease to be 9 effect2  7ii7 ! 
op]ator %all n be liable = any          
applicable back pay1 damages1 or civil  
p5alties ow$ by ! op]ator "u ?is ,act   
7includ+ any m&atory heal? or safety    
/&>d1 rule1 ord]1 or regulation         
promulgat$ pursuant to ?is ,act7 )      
respect to ! misclassification ( su* #a 
or m individuals2 &  7iii7 ! ,secret>y (
 ,labor1 adm9i/rative law judge1 or !   
c\rt1 z applicable1 %all aw>d 7& !      
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 9         
accordance ) subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to !
 op]ator reasonable fees & exp5ses (    
attorneys 9 ! same mann] z su* fees &   
exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u section #bdab (
 title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 if !   
op]ator 0 a prevail+ p>ty & ! review1   
he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a civil      
action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$      
,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!         
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1   
adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1 z      
applicable1 pay any fees or exp5ses     

aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f am\nts 
9 ! g5]al fund ( ! ,treasury4  7b7 ,/op 
"w ord]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any case :]e 
an op]ator ( a coal or o!r m9e does n   
comply ) a reclassification ord] issu$  
by ! ,secret>y "u subsection 7a77#a71 ) 
respect to #b or m individuals :o are   
misclassifi$ 9 violation ( section      
#aag7;a71 )9 #cj days ( be+ s]v$ ! ord]1
 ! ,secret>y %all issue-- 7,a7 subject  
to subp>agraph 7,b71 an ord] aga9/ !    
op]ator requir+ ! cessation ( all       
bus9ess op]ations ( su* op]ator at !    
location ( ! violation2 or  7,b7 if an  
ord] describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 has be5
 previ\sly issu$ aga9/ ! op]ator by any 
,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local ag5cy =         
misclassify+ an employee p]=m+ labor = !
 op]ator 9 a coal or o!r m9e z n an     
employee 9 violation ( section #aag7;a71
 or an equival5t ,/ate or local law z   
det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y1 an ord] aga9/ ! 
op]ator requir+ ! cessation ( all       
bus9ess op]ations ( su* op]ator at all  
bus9ess locations ( ! op]ator1 includ+  

locations o!r ?an ! location :]e !      
misclassification occurr$4  7#b7 ,ord]s 
7,a7 ,applicability ,an ord] issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7i7 be effective at
 ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ ^u !        
op]ator1 :i* may be accompli%$ by ! po/+
 ( a copy ( ! ord] 9 a conspicu\s       
location at ! place ( bus9ess ( !       
op]ator2 &  7ii7 rema9 9 effect-- 7,i7  
dur+ any review conduct$ "u p>agraph    
7#c7 ) respect to su* ord] & dur+ any   
he>+ & appeal ( su* ord] "u p>agraph    
7#d72 &  7,,ii7 until ! ,secret>y issues
 a release ord] "u subp>agraph 7,b74    
7,b7 ,release ord]s  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an   
ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 7t is n     
revok$ by ! ,secret>y or held unlawful  
or set aside by an adm9i/rative law     
judge or a c\rt7 %all rema9 9 effect    
until ! ,secret>y issues ano!r ord]     
releas+ ! ord] issu$ "u su* p>agraph ^u 
a f9d+ by ! ,secret>y t ! op]ator-- 7,i7
 has correct$ ! violation ( section     
#aag7;a7 ) respect to ! #b or m         
individuals :o 7 misclassifi$ result+ 9 

! ord]2 &  7,,ii7 has agre$ to a paym5t 
s*$ule = all applicable back pay1       
damages1 & civil p5alties ow$ by !      
op]ator "u ?is ,act1 includ+ any m&atory
 heal? or safety /&>d1 rule1 ord]1 or   
regulation promulgat$ pursuant to ?is   
,act4  7ii7 ,re9/atem5t ,if1 at any "t  
aft] ! ,secret>y issues a release ord]  
"u p>agraph 7#a71 ! op]ator fails to    
comply ) ! t]ms ( ! paym5t s*$ule       
describ$ 9 clause 7i77,,ii71 ! ,secret>y
 %all re9/ate ! ord] issu$ "u p>agraph  
7#a7 until ! op]ator is 9 compliance )  
su* t]ms4  7#c7 ,review = reconsid]ation
  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an op]ator ( a coal or 
o!r m9e aga9/ :om an ord] is issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 may reque/ a review by !  
,secret>y to conte/ ! ord]4  7,b7       
,reque/s ,a reque/ "u subp>agraph 7,a7  
%all be made 9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y n m 
?an #e days aft] ! issuance ( ! ord]4   
7,c7 ,requirem5ts = review  7i7 ,9 g5]al
 ,a review "u ?is p>agraph %all-- 7,i7  
comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] a      
reque/ is made "u subp>agraph 7,b72 &   

7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft]
 su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7 ,det]m9ation ,n  
lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a review         
concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !        
,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1  
modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,he>+ & appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by a
 det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph  
7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 appeal su*     
det]m9ation to an adm9i/rative law      
judge2 &  7,b7 appeal an ord] ( an      
adm9i/rative law judge "u subp>agraph   
7,a7 to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,appeals
 = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia ,circuit or ! 
circuit :]e9 su* p]son resides or has _!
 pr9cipal place ( bus9ess4  7#e7 ,relief
 ,! ,secret>y may seek1 9 any c\rt      
7includ+ circuit7 describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#d77;,b71 relief ?r\gh a civil action  
"u section #ajh7;a7 aga9/ any op]ator ( 
a coal or o!r m9e t violates an ord]    
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 ,a c\rt %all    
issue su* relief if ! ,secret>y has     
demon/rat$ x is j & prop]4  7#f7        
,comp5sation = lo/ "w  7,a7 ,9 g5]al    

,subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 an op]ator
 ( a coal or o!r m9e ) respect to :om an
 ord] is issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all pay
 ea* m9] :o loses comp5sation due to !  
"w ( su* m9] ceas+ z a result ( su*     
ord]1 ! comp5sation t w\ld be ow$ to su*
 m9] if ! ord] 0 n issu$4  7,b7         
,limitation ,comp5sation paid "u        
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be = ea* day1 n to
 exce$ #aj days1 = :i* ! m9] w\ld be    
paid if ! ord] describ$ 9 su* p>agraph 7
 n 9 effect4  7#g7 ,successfully        
disprov+ occurr5ce ( misclassification  
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any case :]e an op]ator
 ( a coal or o!r m9e ) respect to :om an
 ord] 0 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7          
successfully proves ?r\gh a review "u   
p>agraph 7#c71 or a subsequ5t he>+ or   
appeals proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #b
 or m individuals :o 7 ! subject ( !    
ord] 7 n misclassifi$ 9 violation (     
section #aag7;a7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$ "u  
p>agraph 7#a71 & any ord] issu$ aga9/ ! 
op]ator "u subsection 7a77#a7 ) respect 
to su* #b or m individuals1 %all cease  

to be 9 effect2  7ii7 ! op]ator %all n  
be liable = any applicable back pay1    
damages1 or civil p5alties ow$ by !     
op]ator "u ?is ,act 7includ+ any m&atory
 heal? or safety /&>d1 rule1 ord]1 or   
regulation promulgat$ pursuant to ?is   
,act7 ) respect to ! misclassification (
 su* #b or m individuals2 &  7iii7 !    
,secret>y ( ,labor1 adm9i/rative law    
judge1 or c\rt %all aw>d 7& ! ,secret>y 
( ! ,treasury1 %all 9 accordance )      
subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to ! op]ator--   
7,i7 an am\nt equal to any demon/rable  
lo/ net pr(its result+ f ! ord]1 z      
demon/rat$ by cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce2 & 
7,,ii7 reasonable attorney fees &       
exp5ses ( attorneys 9 ! same mann] z su*
 fees & exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u section
 #bdab ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1
 if ! op]ator 0 a prevail+ p>ty & !     
review1 he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a    
civil action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$
 ,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!        
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1   

adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1 z      
applicable1 pay any am\nts1 fees1 or    
exp5ses aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f
 am\nts available 9 ! g5]al fund ( !    
,treasury4  4  7,b7 ,p5alties ,section  
#aaj ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & ,heal?   
,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #hbj71 z    
am5d$ by p>agraph 7#c77;,c71 is fur!r   
am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7i71 z s
 r$esignat$1 ! foll[+3  7j7 ,p5alties = 
violat+ reclassification ord]s  7#a7    
,civil p5alties ,any op]ator ( a coal or
 o!r m9e :o violates a reclassification 
ord] issu$ by ! ,secret>y "u section    
#ajh;,a7a77#a7 %all be subject to a     
civil p5alty ( n less ?an #e1jjj p] day1
 ) ea* day con/itut+ a sep>ate (f5se4   
7#b7 ,additional damages ,9 any case 9  
:i* an op]ator ( a coal or o!r m9e      
conte/s a reclassification ord] issu$ "u
 p>agraph 7#a7 ( section #ajh;,a7a7 9 a 
review "u p>agraph 7#c7 ( su* section1 a
 he>+ "u p>agraph 7#d77;,a7 ( su*       
section1 & a subsequ5t judicial proce$+ 
"u p>agraph 7#d77;,b7 ( su* section1 & !

 c\rt rules 9 favor ( ! ,secret>y-- 7,a7
 ! c\rt %all det]m9e if1 dur+ ! p]iod   
betwe5 ! issuance ( su* ord] & !        
conclusion ( ! proce$+1 ! op]ator       
violat$ su* ord] by n classify+ ! #a or 
m individuals z employees dur+ t p]iod2 
&  7,b7 if ! c\rt det]m9es ! op]ator s  
violat$ ! ord] dur+ t p]iod-- 7i7 ! c\rt
 %all det]m9e ! am\nt ( ! net pr(its    
d]iv$ by ! op]ator f ! individuals'     
labor dur+ t p]iod2 &  7ii7 ! c\rt %all 
assess damages 9 ! am\nt det]m9$ "u     
clause 7i71 :i* damages %all be aw>d$ to
 su* individuals by ! c\rt4  4  7e7     
,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural      
,work] ,protection ,act  7#a7 ,/r5g!n+  
employee te/ ,! ,migrant & ,seasonal    
,agricultural ,work] ,protection ,act   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ahja et seq47 is am5d$--
 7,a7 by r$esignat+ section #d 7#bi     
,u4,s4,c4 #ahjc7 z section #e2 &  7,b7  
by ins]t+ aft] section #c 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4
 #ahjb7 ! foll[+3  #d4 ,employee te/    
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,= purposes ( ?is ,act1    
includ+ any regulation "u ?is ,act &    

except z provid$ 9 subsection 7c71 an   
individual p]=m+ any s]vice or activity 
describ$ 9 section #c7c71 includ+ !     
h&l+1 plant+1 dry+1 pack+1 packag+1     
process+1 freez+1 or grad+ describ$ 9   
su* section1 = remun]ation = a p]son    
%all be an employee employ$ 9           
agricultural employm5t by su* p]son & n 
an indep5d5t contractor ( ! p]son1      
unless-- 7#a7 ! individual is free f    
control & direction 9 connection ) !    
p]=mance ( ! s]vice or activity1 bo? "u 
! contract = ! p]=mance ( ! s]vice or   
activity & 9 fact2  7#b7 ! s]vice or    
activity is p]=m$ outside ! usual c\rse 
( ! bus9ess ( ! p]son2 &  7#c7 !        
individual is cu/om>ily engag$ 9 an     
indep5d5tly e/abli%$ trade1 occupation1 
pr(ession1 or bus9ess ( ! same nature z 
t involv$ 9 ! s]vice or activity p]=m$4 
7b7 ,cl>ification  7#a7 ,relation%ip )  
common law ,subsection 7a7 is n a       
codification ( ! common law & %all n be 
int]pret$ to reflect1 or to be limit$ or
 re/rict$ by1 common law int]pretations 

reg>d+ :5 an individual is an employee (
 ano!r p]son4 ,subsection 7a7 %all be   
consid]$ complete z writt51 & any       
judicial or ag5cy int]pretation ( su*   
subsection %all be limit$ to ! explicit 
requirem5ts ( su* subsection4  7#b7     
,impact ( writt5 or o!r agreem5ts ,!    
requirem5ts ( subsection 7a7 %all n be 9
 any way affect$ by any agreem5t1 writt5
 or o!rwise1 t purports to demon/rate an
 individual's ackn[l$gm5t ( or          
acquiesc5ce to ! abs5ce ( an            
employ]-employee relation%ip ) a        
p>ticul> employ]4  7c7 ,non-,compete    
agreem5ts  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,not)/&+ any   
contr>y provisions 9 ?is ,act1 9 any    
in/ance 9 :i* !re is a non-compete      
agreem5t betwe5 a p]son & an individual 
:o p]=ms labor = su* p]son1 ! pres5ce ( 
! non-compete agreem5t1 )\t reg>d to !  
legality or en=ceability ( ! non-compete
 agreem5t1 %all be evid5ce ( control =  
purposes ( subsection 7a77#a71 b %all n 
by itself e/abli% an employm5t          
relation%ip betwe5 su* p]son & !        

individual4  7#b7 ,def9ition (          
non-compete agreem5t ,9 ?is subsection1 
! t]m non-compete agreem5t means an     
agreem5t betwe5 a p]son & an individual 
:o p]=ms labor = su* p]son t re/ricts ! 
individual f p]=m+1 ei!r dur+ or aft] ! 
individual p]=ms labor = su* p]son--    
7,a7 any labor = ano!r p]son2  7,b7 any 
labor = a specifi$ p]iod ( "t2  7,c7 any
 labor 9 a specifi$ geographical area2  
or  7,d7 any labor = ano!r p]son t is   
simil> to ! labor su* individual p]=m$ =
 ! p]son t is a p>ty to su* agreem5t4  4
  7#b7 ,presumption ( employee /atus    
,section #d ( ! ,migrant & ,seasonal    
,agricultural ,work] ,protection ,act1 z
 am5d$ by p>agraph 7#a71 is fur!r am5d$ 
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7d7         
,presumption ( employee /atus ,=        
purposes ( ?is ,act1 includ+ any        
regulation "u ?is ,act1 an individual   
p]=m+ any s]vice or activity describ$ 9 
section #c7c71 includ+ ! h&l+1 plant+1  
dry+1 pack+1 packag+1 process+1 freez+1 
or grad+ describ$ 9 su* section1 =      

remun]ation = a p]son %all be presum$ to
 be an employee employ$ 9 agricultural  
employm5t ( ! p]son1 unless ! p>ty seek+
 to ass]t o!rwise e/abli%es by cle> &   
conv9c+ evid5ce t ! individual is n su* 
an employee 9 accordance ) ?is section4 
4  7#c7 ,misclassification z a /&alone  
violation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,title ,,iv ( !
 ,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural     
,work] ,protection ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4  
#ahda et seq47 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end
 ! foll[+3  #dje4 ,misclassification2   
incorporation to fur!r violations  7a7  
,9 g5]al ,no agricultural employ]1      
agricultural association1 or f>m labor  
contractor %all misclassify a migrant   
agricultural work] or seasonal          
agricultural work] employ$ z an employee
 by ! employ]1 association1 or          
contractor z n a migrant agricultural   
work] or seasonal agricultural work]    
employ$ z an employee by ! employ]1     
association1 or contractor = purposes ( 
?is ,act1 includ+ any regulation "u ?is 
,act4  4  7,b7 ,incorporation to fur!r  

violations ,section #dje ( ! ,migrant & 
,seasonal ,agricultural ,work]          
,protection ,act1 z add$ by subp>agraph 
7,a71 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7b7 ,incorporation ,to fur!r   
violations ,no p]son %all1 = ! purpose1 
9 :ole or 9 "p1 ( facilitat+1 or evad+  
detection (1 a violation ( ?is ,act1    
includ+ a violation ( subsection 7a7 or 
any regulation "u ?is ,act-- 7#a7       
incorporate or =m1 or assi/ 9 !         
incorporation or =mation (1 a           
corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$ liability 
corporation1 or o!r entity2 or  7#b7 pay
 or collect a fee = use ( a =eign or    
dome/ic corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$   
liability corporation1 or o!r entity4  4
  7,c7 ,p5alties ,section #ejc7;a7 ( !  
,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural      
,work] ,protection ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4  
#ahec7;a77 is am5d$-- 7i7 9 p>agraph    
7#a71 by /rik+ p>agraph 7#b7 & ins]t+   
p>agraphs 7#b71 7#c71 7#d71 & 7#e72 &   
7ii7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#c7   
,p5alties = misclassification &         

incorporation to fur!r violations  7,a7 
,9 g5]al ,any p]son :o violates section 
#dje %all be subject to a civil p5alty  
(-- 7i7 subject to clauses 7ii7 & 7iii71
 #aj1jjj2  7ii7 if ! violation is       
repeat$ or willful1 #cj1jjj2 or  7iii7  
if ! violation is widespread1 #a p]c5t (
 ! net pr(its ( ! p]son = ! ye> 9 :i* ! 
p]son _h ! highe/ net pr(its out ( all  
ye>s 9 :i* ! p]son 0 9 su* violation4   
7,b7 ,repeat$1 or willful1 & widespread 
violations ,if a violation ( section    
#dje is repeat$ or willful1 z describ$ 9
 subp>agraph 7,a77ii71 & is widespread1 
z describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a77iii71 !   
high] p5alty ( ! p5alties describ$ 9 su*
 subp>agraphs %all apply4  7,c7 ,paym5t 
( p5alties ,any p5alty assess$ "u       
subp>agraph 7,a7 = a violation ( section
 #dje %all be paid f an acc\nt ( ! p]son
 9 su* violation & n paid1 or reimburs$1
 by any insurance plan t w\ld indemnify 
! p]son f violations ( su* section4 ,if 
a p]son receives a paym5t f an insurance
 plan to indemnify ! p]son f a violation

 ( su* section1 ! p]son %all transf] !  
paym5t to ! ,secret>y1 9 addition to !  
am\nt to be paid f ! acc\nt ( ! p]son = 
! p5alty4  4  7#d7 ,protection f        
retaliation = be+ an employee ,"p ,a (  
title ,v ( ! ,migrant & ,seasonal       
,agricultural ,work] ,protection ,act   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ahea et seq47 is am5d$--
 7,a7 by r$esignat+ sections #eje & #ejf
 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ahee & #ahef7 z        
sections #ejf & #ejg1 respectively2 &   
7,b7 9 section #ejf7;a7 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4  
#ahee7;a771 z s r$esignat$-- 7i7 by     
/rik+ ,no p]son & ins]t+ 7#a7 ,no p]son2
 &  7ii7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3     
7#b7 ,no p]son %all intimidate1 ?reat51 
re/ra91 co]ce1 blackli/1 dis*>ge1 or 9  
any mann] discrim9ate aga9/ any migrant 
agricultural work] or seasonal          
agricultural work] because su* work]--  
7,a7 is requir$ to be classifi$ z       
employ$ 9 agricultural employm5t by !   
p]son = purposes ( ?is ,act1 includ+ any
 regulation "u ?is ,act1 & n z an       
indep5d5t contractor2 &  7,b7 0         

classifi$ by ! p]son z an indep5d5t     
contractor prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( 
! ,work] ,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess 
,protection ,act ( #bjbj4  4  7#e7      
,rules reg>d+ unlawful dis*>ge or       
discrim9ation ,section #ejf ( ! ,migrant
 & ,seasonal ,agricultural ,work]       
,protection ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ahee71 
z s r$esignat$1 is am5d$ by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7c7 ,rules reg>d+        
unlawful dis*>ge or discrim9ation  7#a7 
,presumption ( retaliation ,any action  
tak5 by a p]son describ$ 9 subsection   
7a77#a7 aga9/ any migrant agricultural  
work] or seasonal agricultural work] )9 
#ij days ( ! work] tak+ any action      
describ$ 9 su* subsection1 includ+ tak+ 
any su* action ) respect to ex]cis+ ! "r
 pursuant to section #dje7;a7 to n be   
misclassifi$1 %all e/abli% a rebuttable 
presumption t ! action is discrim9ation 
aga9/ ! work] 9 violation ( subsection  
7a74  7#b7 ,motivat+ factor ,unlawful   
discrim9ation1 includ+ by intimidation1 
?reat1 re/ra9t1 co]cion1 blackli/+1 or  

dis*>ge z describ$ 9 subsection 7a71    
aga9/ a migrant agricultural work] or   
seasonal agricultural work] "u su*      
subsection1 is e/abli%$ :5 ! compla9+   
p>ty demon/rates t "o or m actions or ! 
classification describ$ 9 su* subsection
 0 a motivat+ factor = su*              
discrim9ation1 ev5 if su* discrim9ation 
0 also motivat$ by o!r factors4  4  7#f7
 ,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh      
reclassification ord]s & /op "w ord]s   
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,"p ,a ( title ,v ( !     
,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural      
,work] ,protection ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4  
#ahea et seq471 z am5d$ by p>agraph     
7#e71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! 
foll[+3  #ejh4 ,misclassification       
en=cem5t ?r\gh reclassification ord]s & 
/op "w ord]s  7a7 ,reclassification     
ord]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if ! ,secret>y    
det]m9es1 aft] an inve/igation "u       
section #eab1 t an agricultural employ]1
 agricultural association1 or f>m labor 
contractor has misclassifi$ #a or m     
individuals :o are migrant agricultural 

work]s or seasonal agricultural work]s  
employ$ by ! employ]1 association1 or   
contractor z n su* work]s employ$ by su*
 employ]1 association1 or contractor 9  
violation ( section #dje7;a7-- 7,a7 !   
,secret>y %all issue1 n lat] ?an #bd    
h\rs aft] mak+ su* det]m9ation1 an ord] 
aga9/ ! employ]1 association1 or        
contractor requir+ ! employ]1           
association1 or contractor to imm$iately
 classify ! #a or m individuals z       
employ$ by ! employ]1 association1 or   
contractor2 &  7,b7 ! employ]1          
association1 or contractor %all         
imm$iately comply ) ! ord] issu$ "u     
subp>agraph 7,a7 or %all o!rwise be 9   
violation ( section #dje7;a74  7#b7     
,ord]s ,an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7  
%all-- 7,a7 be effective at ! "t at :i* 
! ord] is s]v$ ^u ! employ]1            
association1 or contractor1 :i* may be  
accompli%$ by ! po/+ ( a copy ( ! ord] 9
 a conspicu\s location at ! place (     
bus9ess ( ! employ]1 association1 or    
contractor2 &  7,b7 rema9 9 effect dur+ 

any review "u p>agraph 7#c7 ) respect to
 su* ord] & dur+ any he>+ & appeal ( su*
 ord] "u p>agraph 7#d74  7#c7 ,review = 
reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an       
agricultural employ]1 agricultural      
association1 or f>m labor contractor    
aga9/ :om an ord] is issu$ "u p>agraph  
7#a7 may reque/ a review by ! ,secret>y 
to conte/ ! ord]4  7,b7 ,reque/s ,a     
reque/ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be made 
9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y n m ?an #e days  
aft] ! issuance ( ! ord]4  7,c7         
,requirem5ts = review  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,a  
review "u ?is p>agraph %all-- 7,i7      
comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] a      
reque/ is made "u subp>agraph 7,b72 &   
7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft]
 su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7 ,det]m9ation ,n  
lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a review         
concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !        
,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1  
modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,he>+s & appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by 
a det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph 
7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 reque/ a he>+  

to appeal su* det]m9ation to an         
adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7 appeal  
an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law judge "u  
subp>agraph 7,a7 to ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
di/rict c\rt = any di/rict 9 :i* ! p]son
 is locat$ or ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict  
,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia4  7#e7   
,tempor>y or p]man5t injunctive relief  
,! ,secret>y may petition any c\rt      
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#d77;,b7 = tempor>y
 or p]man5t injunctive relief "u section
 #ejb7;a7 aga9/ any agricultural        
employ]1 agricultural association1 or   
f>m labor contractor t violates an ord] 
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 ,a c\rt %all    
issue su* tempor>y or p]man5t injunctive
 relief if ! ,secret>y has demon/rat$ x 
is j & prop]4  7#f7 ,successfully       
disprov+ occurr5ce ( misclassification  
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,if an agricultural       
employ]1 agricultural association1 or   
f>m labor contractor ) respect to :om an
 ord] 0 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7          
successfully proves ?r\gh a review "u   
p>agraph 7#c71 or a subsequ5t he>+ or   

appeals proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #a
 or m individuals :o 7 ! subject ( !    
ord] 7 n misclassifi$ 9 violation (     
section #dje7;a7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$ "u  
p>agraph 7#a7 %all cease to be 9 effect2
  7ii7 ! employ]1 association1 or       
contractor %all n be liable = any       
applicable back pay1 damages1 or civil  
p5alties ow$ by ! employ]1 association1 
or contractor "u ?is ,act 7includ+ any  
regulation "u ?is ,act7 ) respect to !  
misclassification ( su* #a or m         
individuals2 &  7iii7 ! ,secret>y (     
,labor1 adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1
 z applicable1 %all aw>d 7& ! ,secret>y 
( ! ,treasury %all1 9 accordance )      
subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to ! employ]1    
association1 or contractor reasonable   
fees & exp5ses ( attorneys 9 ! same     
mann] z su* fees & exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$
 "u section #bdab ( title #bh1 ,unit$   
,/ates ,code1 if ! employ]1 association1
 or contractor 0 a prevail+ p>ty & !    
review1 he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a    
civil action br\ght aga9/ ! ,unit$      

,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!         
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1   
adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1 z      
applicable1 pay any fees or exp5ses     
aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f am\nts 
9 ! g5]al fund ( ! ,treasury4  7b7 ,/op 
"w ord]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any case :]e 
an agricultural employ]1 agricultural   
association1 or f>m labor contractor    
does n comply ) a reclassification ord] 
issu$ by ! ,secret>y "u subsection      
7a77#a71 ) respect to #b or m           
individuals :o are misclassifi$ 9       
violation ( section #dje7;a71 !         
,secret>y %all issue-- 7,a7 subject to  
subp>agraph 7,b71 an ord] aga9/ !       
employ]1 association1 or contractor     
requir+ ! cessation ( all bus9ess       
op]ations ( su* employ]1 association1 or
 contractor at ! location ( ! violation2
 or  7,b7 if an ord] describ$ 9         
subp>agraph 7,a7 has be5 previ\sly issu$
 aga9/ ! employ]1 association1 or       
contractor by any ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or     

local ag5cy = misclassify+ an individual
 :o is a migrant agricultural work] or  
seasonal agricultural work] employ$ z an
 employee by ! employ]1 association1 or 
contractor z n su* an employee 9        
violation ( section #dje7;a71 or an     
equival5t ,/ate or local law z det]m9$  
by ! ,secret>y1 an ord] aga9/ ! employ]1
 association1 or contractor requir+ !   
cessation ( all bus9ess op]ations ( su* 
employ]1 association1 or contractor at  
all bus9ess locations ( ! employ]1      
association1 or contractor1 includ+     
locations o!r ?an ! location :]e !      
misclassification occurr$4  7#b7 ,ord]s 
7,a7 ,applicability ,an ord] issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7i7 be effective at
 ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ ^u !        
employ]1 association1 or contractor1 :i*
 may be accompli%$ by ! po/+ ( a copy ( 
! ord] 9 a conspicu\s location at !     
place ( bus9ess ( ! employ]1            
association1 or contractor2 &  7ii7     
rema9 9 effect-- 7,i7 dur+ any review   
conduct$ "u p>agraph 7#c7 ) respect to  

su* ord] & dur+ any he>+ & appeal ( su* 
ord] "u p>agraph 7#d72 &  7,,ii7 until !
 ,secret>y issues a release ord] "u     
subp>agraph 7,b74  7,b7 ,release ord]s  
7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 
7#a7 7t is n revok$ by ! ,secret>y or   
held unlawful or set aside by an        
adm9i/rative law judge or a c\rt7 %all  
rema9 9 effect until ! ,secret>y issues 
ano!r ord] releas+ ! ord] issu$ "u su*  
p>agraph ^u a f9d+ by ! ,secret>y t !   
employ]1 association1 or contractor--   
7,i7 has correct$ ! violation ( section 
#dje7;a7 ) respect to ! #b or m         
individuals :o 7 misclassifi$ result+ 9 
! ord]2 &  7,,ii7 has agre$ to a paym5t 
s*$ule = all applicable back pay1       
damages1 & civil p5alties ow$ by !      
employ]1 association1 or contractor "u  
?is ,act1 includ+ any regulation "u ?is 
,act4  7ii7 ,re9/atem5t ,if1 at any "t  
aft] ! ,secret>y issues a release ord]  
"u clause 7i71 ! employ]1 association1  
or contractor fails to comply ) ! t]ms (
 ! paym5t s*$ule describ$ 9 clause      

7i77,,ii71 ! ,secret>y %all re9/ate !   
ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 until !     
employ]1 association1 or contractor is 9
 compliance ) su* t]ms4  7#c7 ,review = 
reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an       
agricultural employ]1 agricultural      
association1 or f>m labor contractor    
aga9/ :om an ord] is issu$ "u p>agraph  
7#a7 may reque/ a review by ! ,secret>y 
to conte/ ! ord]4  7,b7 ,reque/s ,a     
reque/ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be made 
9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y n m ?an #e days  
aft] ! issuance ( ! ord]4  7,c7         
,requirem5ts = review  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,a  
review "u ?is p>agraph %all-- 7,i7      
comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] a      
reque/ is made "u subp>agraph 7,b72 &   
7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft]
 su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7 ,det]m9ation ,n  
lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a review         
concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !        
,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1  
modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by a       
det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph   

7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 appeal su*     
det]m9ation to an adm9i/rative law      
judge2 &  7,b7 appeal an ord] ( an      
adm9i/rative law judge "u subp>agraph   
7,a7 to ! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt =  
any di/rict 9 :i* ! p]son is locat$ or !
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = !       
,di/rict ( ,columbia4  7#e7 ,tempor>y or
 p]man5t injunctive relief ,! ,secret>y 
may petition a c\rt describ$ 9 p>agraph 
7#d77;,b7 = tempor>y or p]man5t         
injunctive relief "u section #ejb7;a7   
aga9/ any agricultural employ]1         
agricultural association1 or f>m labor  
contractor t violates an ord] issu$ "u  
p>agraph 7#a74 ,a c\rt %all issue su*   
tempor>y or p]man5t injunctive relief if
 ! ,secret>y has demon/rat$ x is j &    
prop]4  7#f7 ,comp5sation = lo/ "w  7,a7
 ,9 g5]al ,subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 
an agricultural employ]1 agricultural   
association1 or f>m labor contractor )  
respect to :om an ord] is issu$ "u      
p>agraph 7#a7 %all pay ea* migrant      
agricultural work] or seasonal          

agricultural work] employ$ by ! employ]1
 association1 or contractor1 :o loses   
comp5sation due to ! "w ( su* work]     
ceas+ z a result ( su* ord]1 !          
comp5sation t w\ld be ow$ to su* work]  
if ! ord] 0 n issu$4  7,b7 ,limitation  
,comp5sation paid "u subp>agraph 7,a7   
%all be = ea* day1 n to exce$ #aj days1 
= :i* ! migrant agricultural work] or   
seasonal agricultural work] w\ld be paid
 if ! ord] describ$ 9 su* subp>agraph 7 
n 9 effect4  7#g7 ,successfully disprov+
 occurr5ce ( misclassification  7,a7 ,9 
g5]al ,9 any case :]e an agricultural   
employ]1 agricultural association1 or   
f>m labor contractor ) respect to :om an
 ord] 0 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7          
successfully proves ?r\gh a review "u   
p>agraph 7#c7 or a subsequ5t he>+ or    
appeals proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d7 t ! #b 
or m individuals :o 7 ! subject ( ! ord]
 7 n misclassifi$ 9 violation ( section 
#dje7;a7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 
7#a71 & any ord] issu$ aga9/ ! employ]1 
association1 or contractor "u subsection

 7a77#a71 ) respect to su* #b or m      
individuals1 %all cease to be 9 effect2 
7ii7 ! employ]1 association1 or         
contractor %all n be liable = any       
applicable back pay1 damages1 or civil  
p5alties ow$ by ! employ]1 association1 
or contractor "u ?is ,act 7includ+ any  
regulation "u ?is ,act7 ) respect to !  
misclassification ( su* #b or m         
individuals2 &  7iii7 ! ,secret>y (     
,labor1 adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt 
%all aw>d 7& ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury  
%all1 9 accordance ) subp>agraph 7,b71  
pay7 to ! employ]1 association1 or      
contractor-- 7,i7 an am\nt equal to any 
demon/rable lo/ net pr(its result+ f !  
ord]1 z demon/rat$ by cle> & conv9c+    
evid5ce2 &  7,,ii7 reasonable fees &    
exp5ses ( attorneys 9 ! same mann] z su*
 fees & exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u section
 #bdab ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1
 if ! employ]1 association1 or          
contractor 0 a prevail+ p>ty & ! review1
 he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a civil     
action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$      

,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!         
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1   
adm9i/rative law judge1 or a c\rt1 z    
applicable1 pay any am\nts1 fees1 or    
exp5ses aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f
 am\nts available 9 ! g5]al fund ( !    
,treasury4  4  7,b7 ,p5alties ,section  
#ejc7;a7 ( ! ,migrant & ,seasonal       
,agricultural ,work] ,protection ,act   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ahec7;a771 z am5d$ by   
p>agraph 7#c77;,c71 is fur!r am5d$ by   
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#d7 ,p5alties 
= violat+ reclassification ord]s  7,a7  
,civil p5alties ,any p]son :o violates a
 reclassification ord] issu$ by !       
,secret>y "u section #ejh7;a77#a7 %all  
be subject to a civil p5alty ( n less   
?an #e1jjj p] day1 ) ea* day con/itut+ a
 sep>ate (f5se4  7,b7 ,additional       
damages ,9 any case 9 :i* an            
agricultural employ]1 agricultural      
association1 or f>m labor contractor    
conte/s a reclassification ord] issu$ "u
 p>agraph 7#a7 ( section #ejh7;a7 9 a   

review "u p>agraph 7#c7 ( su* section1 a
 he>+ "u p>agraph 7#d77;,a7 ( su*       
section1 & a subsequ5t judicial proce$+ 
"u p>agraph 7#d77;,b7 ( su* section1 & !
 c\rt 9 su* proce$+ rules 9 favor ( !   
,secret>y-- 7i7 ! c\rt %all det]m9e if1 
dur+ ! p]iod betwe5 ! issuance ( su*    
ord] & ! conclusion ( ! proce$+1 !      
employ]1 association1 or contractor     
violat$ su* ord] by n classify+ ! #a or 
m individuals z employees employ$ by !  
employ]1 association1 or contractor dur+
 t p]iod2 &  7ii7 if ! c\rt det]m9es !  
employ]1 association1 or contractor s   
violat$ ! ord] dur+ t p]iod-- 7,i7 !    
c\rt %all det]m9e ! am\nt ( net pr(its  
d]iv$ by ! employ]1 association1 or     
contractor f ! individuals' labor dur+ t
 p]iod2 &  7,,ii7 ! c\rt %all assess    
damages 9 ! am\nt det]m9$ "u subclause  
7,i71 :i* damages %all be aw>d$ to su*  
individuals by ! c\rt4  4  7f7          
,davis-,bacon ,act  7#a7 ,/r5g!n+       
employee te/ ,sub*apt] ,,iv ( *apt] #ca 
( title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is    

am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #cada !    
foll[+3  #cada;a4 ,employee te/  7a7 ,9 
g5]al ,= purposes ( ?is sub*apt] &      
except z provid$ 9 subsection 7c71 a    
labor] or me*anic p]=m+ any labor "u a  
contract or subcontract to :i* ?is      
sub*apt] applies %all be an employee    
employ$ by ! contractor or subcontractor
 ( ! contract or subcontract & n an     
indep5d5t contractor1 unless-- 7#a7 !   
labor] or me*anic is free f control &   
direction 9 connection ) ! p]=mance ( ! 
labor1 bo? "u ! contract or subcontract 
= ! p]=mance ( ! labor & 9 fact2  7#b7 !
 labor is p]=m$ outside ! usual c\rse ( 
! bus9ess ( su* contractor or           
subcontractor2 &  7#c7 ! labor] or      
me*anic is cu/om>ily engag$ 9 an        
indep5d5tly e/abli%$ trade1 occupation1 
pr(ession1 or bus9ess ( ! same nature z 
t involv$ 9 ! labor p]=m$4  7b7         
,cl>ifications  7#a7 ,relation%ip )     
common law ,subsection 7a7 is n a       
codification ( ! common law & %all n be 
int]pret$ to reflect1 or to be limit$ or

 re/rict$ by1 common law int]pretations 
reg>d+ :5 an individual is an employee (
 ano!r p]son4 ,subsection 7a7 %all be   
consid]$ complete z writt51 & any       
judicial or ag5cy int]pretation ( su*   
subsection %all be limit$ to ! explicit 
requirem5ts ( su* subsection4  7#b7     
,impact ( writt5 or o!r agreem5ts ,!    
requirem5ts ( subsection 7a7 %all n be 9
 any way affect$ by any agreem5t1 writt5
 or o!rwise1 t purports to demon/rate an
 individual's ackn[l$gm5t ( or          
acquiesc5ce to ! abs5ce ( an            
employ]-employee relation%ip ) a        
p>ticul> employ]4  7c7 ,non-,compete    
agreem5ts  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,not)/&+ any   
contr>y provisions 9 ?is sub*apt]1 9 any
 in/ance 9 :i* !re is a non-compete     
agreem5t betwe5 a p]son & an individual 
:o p]=ms labor = su* p]son1 ! pres5ce ( 
! non-compete agreem5t1 )\t reg>d to !  
legality or en=ceability ( ! non-compete
 agreem5t1 %all be evid5ce ( control =  
purposes ( subsection 7a77#a71 b %all n 
by itself e/abli% an employm5t          

relation%ip betwe5 su* p]son & !        
individual4  7#b7 ,def9ition (          
non-compete agreem5t ,9 ?is subsection1 
! t]m non-compete agreem5t means an     
agreem5t betwe5 a p]son & an individual 
:o p]=ms labor = su* p]son t re/ricts ! 
individual f p]=m+1 ei!r dur+ or aft] ! 
individual p]=ms labor = su* p]son--    
7,a7 any labor = ano!r p]son2  7,b7 any 
labor = a specifi$ p]iod ( "t2  7,c7 any
 labor 9 a specifi$ geographical area2  
or  7,d7 any labor = ano!r p]son t is   
simil> to ! labor su* individual p]=m$ =
 ! p]son t is a p>ty to su* agreem5t4  4
  7#b7 ,presumption ( employee /atus    
,section #cada;a ( title #dj1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 z add$ by p>agraph 7#a71  
is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7d7
 ,presumption ( employee /atus ,=       
purposes ( ?is sub*apt]1 a labor] or    
me*anic p]=m+ any labor "u a contract or
 subcontract to :i* ?is sub*apt] applies
 %all be an employee employ$ by !       
contractor or subcontractor ( ! contract
 or subcontract & n an indep5d5t        

contractor1 unless ! p>ty seek+ to ass]t
 o!rwise e/abli%es by cle> & conv9c+    
evid5ce t ! labor] or me*anic is n su*  
an employee 9 accordance ) ?is section4 
4  7#c7 ,misclassification z a /&alone  
violation2 incorporation to fur!r       
violations ,sub*apt] ,,iv ( *apt] #ca ( 
title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$
 by ins]t+ aft] section #cadd1 ! foll[+3
  #cadd;a4 ,prohibitions aga9/          
misclassification1 incorporation to     
fur!r violations1 & retaliation2        
reclassification ord]s & /op "w ord]s   
7a7 ,misclassification ,no contractor or
 subcontractor ( a contract or          
subcontract to :i* ?is sub*apt] applies 
%all misclassify a labor] or me*anic1 :o
 is an employee ( ! contractor or       
subcontractor & is p]=m+ any labor "u ! 
contract or subcontract1 z n an employee
 ( ! contractor or subcontractor =      
purposes ( ?is sub*apt]4  7b7           
,incorporation ,to fur!r violations ,no 
contractor or subcontractor1 = !        
purpose1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ( facilitat+1  

or evad+ detection (1 a violation ( ?is 
sub*apt]1 includ+ a violation (         
subsection 7a71 %all-- 7#a7 incorporate 
or =m1 or assi/ 9 ! incorporation or    
=mation (1 a corporation1 p>tn]%ip1     
limit$ liability corporation1 or o!r    
entity2 or  7#b7 pay or collect a fee = 
use ( a =eign or dome/ic corporation1   
p>tn]%ip1 limit$ liability corporation1 
or o!r entity4  4  7#d7 ,protection f   
retaliation = be+ an employee2          
presumption ( retaliation ,section      
#cadd;a ( title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates      
,code1 add$ by p>agraph 7#c71 is am5d$  
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7c7         
,retaliation  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,a          
contractor or subcontractor ( a contract
 or subcontract to :i* ?is sub*apt]     
applies %all n dis*>ge or 9 any o!r     
mann] discrim9ate aga9/ a labor] or     
me*anic :o is employ$ by ! contractor or
 subcontractor & is p]=m+ any labor "u !
 contract or subcontract1 because-- 7,a7
 su* labor] or me*anic has fil$ any     
compla9t or in/itut$ or caus$ to be     

in/itut$ any proce$+ "u or relat$ to ?is
 sub*apt]1 or has te/ifi$ or is ab\t to 
te/ify 9 any su* proce$+1 or has s]v$ or
 is ab\t to s]ve on an indu/ry          
committee2 or  7,b7 su* labor] or       
me*anic-- 7i7 is requir$1 pursuant to ! 
enactm5t ( ! ,work] ,flexibility &      
,small ,bus9ess ,protection ,act (      
#bjbj1 to be classifi$ z an employee ( !
 contractor or subcontractor = purposes 
( ?is sub*apt] & n an indep5d5t         
contractor2 &  7ii7 0 classifi$ by !    
contractor or subcontractor z an        
indep5d5t contractor prior to ! date (  
enactm5t ( ! ,work] ,flexibility &      
,small ,bus9ess ,protection ,act (      
#bjbj4  7#b7 ,rules reg>d+ unlawful     
dis*>ge or discrim9ation  7,a7          
,presumption ( retaliation ,any action  
tak5 by a contractor or subcontractor ( 
a contract or subcontract to :i* ?is    
sub*apt] applies aga9/ a labor] or      
me*anic :o is employ$ by ! contractor or
 subcontractor1 & is p]=m+ any labor "u 
! contract or subcontract1 )9 #ij days (

 ! labor] or me*anic tak+ any action    
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,a71 includ+  
tak+ any su* action ) respect to ex]cis+
 ! "r ( ! labor] or me*anic pursuant to 
subsection 7a7 to n be misclassifi$1    
%all e/abli% a rebuttable presumption t 
! action is discrim9ation aga9/ ! labor]
 or me*anic 9 violation ( p>agraph 7#a74
  7,b7 ,motivat+ factor ,unlawful       
dis*>ge or o!r discrim9ation aga9/ a    
labor] or me*anic "u p>agraph 7#a7 is   
e/abli%$ :5 ! compla9+ p>ty demon/rates 
t "o ( ! actions or ! classification    
describ$ 9 su* p>agraph 0 a motivat+    
factor = su* dis*>ge or o!r             
discrim9ation1 ev5 if su* dis*>ge or o!r
 discrim9ation 0 also motivat$ by o!r   
factors4  4  7#e7 ,misclassification    
en=cem5t ?r\gh reclassification ord]s & 
/op "w ord]s ,section #cadd;a ( title   
#dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by    
p>agraph 7#d71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at
 ! end ! foll[+3  7d7 ,misclassification
 en=cem5t ?r\gh reclassification ord]s  
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t

 a contractor or subcontractor ( a      
contract or subcontract to :i* ?is      
sub*apt] applies has misclassifi$ #a or 
m labor]s or me*anics 9 violation (     
subsection 7a7-- 7,a7 ! ,secret>y %all  
issue1 n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] mak+ su*
 det]m9ation1 an ord] aga9/ ! contractor
 or subcontractor requir+ ! contractor  
or subcontractor to imm$iately classify 
! #a or m labor]s or me*anics z         
employees ( ! contractor or             
subcontractor2 &  7,b7 ! contractor or  
subcontractor %all imm$iately comply ) !
 ord] issu$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 or %all 
o!rwise be 9 violation ( subsection 7a74
  7#b7 ,ord]s ,an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph
 7#a7 %all-- 7,a7 be effective at ! "t  
at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ ^u ! contractor or
 subcontractor1 :i* may be accompli%$ by
 ! po/+ ( a copy ( ! ord] 9 a conspicu\s
 location at ! place ( bus9ess ( !      
contractor or subcontractor2 &  7,b7    
rema9 9 effect dur+ any review conduct$ 
"u p>agraph 7#c7 & dur+ any he>+ &      
appeal ( su* ord] "u p>agraph 7#d74     

7#c7 ,review = reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9  
g5]al ,a contractor or subcontractor    
aga9/ :om an ord] is issu$ "u p>agraph  
7#a7 may reque/ a review by ! ,secret>y 
to conte/ ! ord]4  7,b7 ,reque/s ,a     
reque/ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be made 
9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y n m ?an #e days  
aft] ! issuance ( ! ord]4  7,c7         
,requirem5ts = review  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,a  
he>+ "u ?is p>agraph %all-- 7,i7 comm5ce
 n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] a reque/ is   
made "u subp>agraph 7,b72 &  7,,ii7     
conclude n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] su*   
comm5cem5t4  7ii7 ,det]m9ation ,n lat]  
?an #gb h\rs aft] a review concludes "u 
clause 7i77,,ii71 ! ,secret>y %all      
det]m9e :e!r to affirm1 modify1 or      
revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 ,he>+s &   
appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by a        
det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph   
7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 reque/ a he>+  
to appeal su* det]m9ation to an         
adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7 appeal  
an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law judge "u  
subp>agraph 7,a7 to a c\rt ( compet5t   

jurisdiction4  7#e7 ,tempor>y or p]man5t
 injunctive relief ,! ,secret>y may     
petition any c\rt ( compet5t            
jurisdiction = tempor>y or p]man5t      
injunctive relief aga9/ any contractor  
or subcontractor t violates an ord]     
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 ,a c\rt %all    
issue su* tempor>y or p]man5t injunctive
 relief if ! ,secret>y has demon/rat$ x 
is j & prop]4  7#f7 ,successfully       
disprov+ occurr5ce ( misclassification  
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,if a contractor or       
subcontractor ) respect to :om an ord] 0
 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 successfully    
proves ?r\gh a review "u p>agraph 7#c71 
or a subsequ5t he>+ or appeals proce$+  
"u p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #a or m labor]s or
 me*anics :o 7 ! subject ( ! ord] 7 n   
misclassifi$ 9 violation ( subsection   
7a7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 
%all cease to be 9 effect2  7ii7 !      
contractor or subcontractor %all n be   
liable = any applicable back pay1       
damages1 or civil p5alties ow$ by !     
contractor or subcontractor "u ?is      

sub*apt] ) respect to !                 
misclassification ( su* #b or m labor]s 
or me*anics2 &  7iii7 ! ,secret>y (     
,labor1 adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1
 z applicable1 %all aw>d 7& ! ,secret>y 
( ! ,treasury %all1 9 accordance )      
subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to ! contractor  
or subcontractor reasonable fees &      
exp5ses ( attorneys 9 ! same mann] z su*
 fees & exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u section
 #bdab ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1
 if ! contractor or subcontractor 0 a   
prevail+ p>ty & ! he>+ or appeals       
proce$+ 0 a civil action br\ght by or   
aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce (   
funds ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1  
^u notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1
 adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1 z     
applicable1 pay any fees or exp5ses     
aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f am\nts 
9 ! g5]al fund ( ! ,treasury4  7e7      
,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh /op "w
 ord]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any case :]e a 
contractor or subcontractor ( a contract
 or subcontract to :i* ?is sub*apt]     

applies does n comply ) a               
reclassification ord] issu$ by !        
,secret>y "u subsection 7d77#a71 )      
respect to #b or m labor]s or me*anics  
:o are misclassifi$ 9 violation (       
subsection 7a71 ! ,secret>y %all issue--
 7,a7 subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 an   
ord] aga9/ ! contractor or subcontractor
 requir+ ! cessation ( all bus9ess      
op]ations ( su* contractor or           
subcontractor at ! location ( !         
violation2 or  7,b7 if an ord] describ$ 
9 subp>agraph 7,a7 has be5 previ\sly    
issu$ aga9/ ! contractor or             
subcontractor by any ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or  
local ag5cy = misclassify+ a labor] or  
me*anic employ$ by ! contractor or      
subcontractor & p]=m+ any labor "u !    
contract or subcontract1 z n an employee
 ( ! contractor or subcontractor 9      
violation ( subsection 7a71 or an       
equival5t ,/ate or local law z det]m9$  
by ! ,secret>y1 an ord] aga9/ !         
contractor or subcontractor requir+ !   
cessation ( all bus9ess op]ations ( su* 

contractor or subcontractor at all      
bus9ess locations ( ! contractor or     
subcontractor1 includ+ locations o!r ?an
 ! location :]e ! misclassification     
occurr$4  7#b7 ,ord]s  7,a7             
,applicability ,an ord] issu$ "u        
p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7i7 be effective at
 ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ ^u !        
contractor or subcontractor1 :i* may be 
accompli%$ by ! po/+ ( a copy ( ! ord] 9
 a conspicu\s location at ! place (     
bus9ess ( ! contractor or subcontractor2
 &  7ii7 rema9 9 effect-- 7,i7 dur+ any 
review conduct$ "u p>agraph 7#c7 )      
respect to su* ord] & dur+ any he>+ &   
appeal ( su* ord] "u p>agraph 7#d72 &   
7,,ii7 until ! ,secret>y issues a       
release ord] "u subp>agraph 7,b74  7,b7 
,release ord]s  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an ord]   
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 7t is n revok$ by
 ! ,secret>y or held unlawful or set    
aside by an adm9i/rative law judge or a 
c\rt7 %all rema9 9 effect until !       
,secret>y issues ano!r ord] releas+ !   
ord] issu$ "u su* p>agraph ^u a f9d+ by 

! ,secret>y t ! contractor or           
subcontractor-- 7,i7 has correct$ !     
violation ( subsection 7a7 ) respect to 
! #b or m labor]s or me*anics :o 7      
misclassifi$ result+ 9 ! ord]2 &  7,,ii7
 has agre$ to a paym5t s*$ule = all     
applicable back pay1 damages1 & civil   
p5alties ow$ by ! contractor or         
subcontractor "u ?is sub*apt]4  7ii7    
,re9/atem5t ,if1 at any "t aft] !       
,secret>y issues a release ord] "u      
clause 7i71 ! contractor or             
subcontractor fails to comply ) ! t]ms (
 ! paym5t s*$ule describ$ 9 clause      
7i77,,ii71 ! ,secret>y %all re9/ate !   
ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 until !     
contractor or subcontractor is 9        
compliance ) su* t]ms4  7#c7 ,review =  
reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a        
contractor or subcontractor aga9/ :om an
 ord] is issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 may     
reque/ a review by ! ,secret>y to conte/
 ! ord]4  7,b7 ,reque/s ,a reque/ "u    
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be made 9 writ+ to
 ! ,secret>y n m ?an #e days aft] !     

issuance ( ! ord]4  7,c7 ,requirem5ts = 
review  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,a review "u ?is   
p>agraph %all-- 7,i7 comm5ce n lat] ?an 
#bd h\rs aft] a reque/ is made "u       
subp>agraph 7,b72 &  7,,ii7 conclude n  
lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] su* comm5cem5t4  
7,d7 ,det]m9ation ,n lat] ?an #gb h\rs  
aft] a review concludes "u clause       
7i77,,ii71 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r
 to affirm1 modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ 
ord]4  7#d7 ,he>+ & appeals ,any p]son  
aggriev$ by a det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y 
"u p>agraph 7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7    
reque/ a he>+ to appeal su* det]m9ation 
to an adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7   
appeal an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law    
judge "u subp>agraph 7,a7 to a c\rt (   
compet5t jurisdiction4  7#e7 ,tempor>y  
or p]man5t injunctive relief ,!         
,secret>y may petition any c\rt (       
compet5t jurisdiction = tempor>y or     
p]man5t injunctive relief aga9/ any     
contractor or subcontractor t violates  
an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 ,a c\rt 
%all issue su* tempor>y or p]man5t      

injunctive relief if ! ,secret>y has    
demon/rat$ x is j & prop]4  7#f7        
,comp5sation = lo/ "w  7,a7 ,9 g5]al    
,subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 a         
contractor or subcontractor ) respect to
 :om an ord] is issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7  
%all pay ea* labor] or me*anic describ$ 
9 subp>agraph 7,c7 ! comp5sation t w\ld 
be ow$ to su* labor] or me*anic if !    
ord] 0 n issu$4  7,b7 ,limitation       
,comp5sation paid "u subp>agraph 7,a7   
%all be = ea* day1 n to exce$ #aj days1 
= :i* ! labor] or me*anic w\ld be paid  
if ! ord] describ$ 9 su* subp>agraph 7 n
 9 effect4  7,c7 ,applicability         
,subp>agraph 7,a7 applies to a labor] or
 me*anic :o-- 7i7 is an employee ( !    
contractor or subcontractor aga9/ :om an
 ord] is issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a72  7ii7  
is p]=m+ labor "u ! contract or         
subcontract1 respectively1 t is subject 
to ! ord]2 &  7iii7 loses comp5sation   
due to ! "w ( su* labor] or me*anic     
ceas+ z a result ( su* ord]4  7#g7      
,successfully disprov+ occurr5ce (      

misclassification  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any 
case :]e a contractor or subcontractor )
 respect to :om an ord] 0 issu$ "u      
p>agraph 7#a7 successfully proves ?r\gh 
a review "u p>agraph 7#c7 or subsequ5t  
he>+ or appeals proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d7
 t ! #b or m labor]s or me*anics :o 7 ! 
subject ( ! ord] 7 n misclassifi$ 9     
violation ( subsection 7a7-- 7i7 ! ord] 
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 & any ord] issu$
 aga9/ ! contractor or subcontractor "u 
subsection 7d77#a7 ) respect to su* #b  
or m labor]s or me*anics1 %all cease to 
be 9 effect2  7ii7 ! contractor or      
subcontractor %all n be liable = any    
applicable back pay1 damages1 or civil  
p5alties ow$ by ! contractor or         
subcontractor "u ?is sub*apt] ) respect 
to ! misclassification ( su* #b or m    
labor]s or me*anics2 &  7iii7 !         
,secret>y ( ,labor1 adm9i/rative law    
judge1 or ! c\rt %all aw>d 7& !         
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 9         
accordance ) subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to !
 contractor or subcontractor-- 7,i7 an  

am\nt equal to any demon/rable lo/ net  
pr(its result+ f ! ord]1 z demon/rat$ by
 cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce2 &  7,,ii7      
reasonable fees & exp5ses ( attorneys 9 
! same mann] z su* fees & exp5ses c\ld  
be aw>d$ "u section #bdab ( title #bh1  
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 if ! contractor or 
subcontractor 0 a prevail+ p>ty & !     
review1 he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a    
civil action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$
 ,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!        
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1   
adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1 z      
applicable1 pay any am\nts1 fees1 or    
exp5ses aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f
 am\nts available 9 ! g5]al fund ( !    
,treasury4  4  7#f7 ,p5alties =         
violations ( new requirem5ts ,sub*apt]  
,,iv ( *apt] #ca ( title #dj1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft]   
section #cadd;a1 z add$ by p>agraph     
7#c71 ! foll[+3  #cadd;c4 ,p5alties2    
exp&$ liability  7a7 ,misclassification2
 incorporation ,to fur!r violations2    

retaliation  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,a contractor
 or subcontractor t violates subsection 
7a71 7b71 or 7c7 ( section #cadd;a ( ?is
 title %all be subject to a civil p5alty
 (-- 7,a7 subject to subp>agraphs 7,b7 &
 7,c71 #aj1jjj2  7,b7 if ! violation is 
repeat$ or willful1 #cj1jjj2 or  7,c7 if
 ! violation is widespread1 #a p]c5t ( !
 net pr(its ( ! contractor or           
subcontractor = ! ye> 9 :i* ! contractor
 or subcontractor _h ! highe/ net pr(its
 out ( all ye>s 9 :i* ! contractor or   
subcontractor 0 9 su* violation4  7#b7  
,repeat$1 or willful1 & widespread      
violations ,if ! violation ( subsection 
7a71 7b71 or 7c7 ( section #cadd;a ( ?is
 title is repeat$ or willful1 z describ$
 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,b71 & is widespread1 
z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,c71 ! high]
 am\nt ( ! am\nts describ$ 9 su*        
p>agraphs %all apply4  7#c7 ,paym5t (   
damages ,any p5alty assess$ "u p>agraph 
7#a7 = a violation ( subsection 7a71    
7b71 or 7c7 ( section #cadd;a ( ?is     
title %all be paid f an acc\nt ( !      

contractor or subcontractor 9 su*       
violation = ! violation & n paid1 or    
reimburs$1 by any insurance plan t w\ld 
indemnify ! contractor or subcontractor 
f violations ( su* subsection4 ,if a    
contractor or subcontractor receives a  
paym5t f an insurance plan to indemnify 
! contractor or subcontractor f a       
violation ( su* subsection1 ! contractor
 or subcontractor %all transf] ! paym5t 
to ! ,secret>y1 9 addition to ! am\nt to
 be paid f ! acc\nt ( ! contractor or   
subcontractor = ! p5alty4  7b7          
,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh       
reclassification ord]s  7#a7 ,civil     
p5alties ,a contractor or subcontractor 
t violates a reclassification ord] issu$
 "u section #cadd;a7d77#a7 %all be      
subject to a civil p5alty ( n less ?an  
#e1jjj p] day1 ) ea* day con/itut+ a    
sep>ate (f5se4  7#b7 ,additional damages
 ,9 any case 9 :i* a contractor or      
subcontractor conte/s a reclassification
 ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 ( section  
#cadd;a7d7 9 a review "u p>agraph 7#c7 (

 su* section1 a he>+ "u p>agraph        
7#d77;,a7 ( su* section1 & a subsequ5t  
judicial proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d77;,b7 (
 su* section1 & ! c\rt 9 su* proce$+    
rules 9 favor ( ! ,secret>y-- 7,a7 !    
c\rt %all det]m9e if1 dur+ ! p]iod      
betwe5 ! issuance ( su* ord] & !        
conclusion ( ! proce$+1 ! contractor or 
subcontractor violat$ su* ord] by n     
classify+ ! #a or m labor] or me*anics z
 employees dur+ t p]iod2 &  7,b7 if !   
c\rt det]m9es ! contractor or           
subcontractor s violat$ ! ord] dur+ t   
p]iod-- 7i7 ! c\rt %all det]m9e ! am\nt 
( net pr(its d]iv$ by ! contractor or   
subcontractor f ! labor ( ! labor]s or  
me*anics dur+ t p]iod2 &  7ii7 ! c\rt   
%all assess damages 9 ! am\nt det]m9$ "u
 clause 7i71 :i* damages %all be aw>d$  
to su* individuals by ! c\rt4  4  7#g7  
,con=m+ am5dm5ts ,! table ( sections =  
sub*apt] ,,iv ( *apt] #ca ( title #dj1  
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by 
ins]t+ aft] ! item relat+ to section    
#cada ! foll[+3  ,sec4 #cada;a4         

,employee te/4  2  &  7,b7 by ins]t+    
aft] ! item relat+ to section #cadd !   
foll[+3  ,sec4 #cadd;a4 ,prohibitions   
aga9/ misclassification1 incorporation  
to fur!r violations1 & retaliation2     
reclassification ord]s & /op "w ord]s4  
,sec4 #cadd;c4 ,p5alties2 exp&$         
liability4  4  7g7 ,wal%-,healey ,public
 ,contracts ,act  7#a7 ,/r5g!n+ employee
 te/ ,*apt] #fe ( title #da1 ,unit$     
,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft]   
section #feja ( su* title ! foll[+3     
#feja;a4 ,employee te/  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,= 
purposes ( ?is *apt] & except z provid$ 
9 subsection 7c71 an individual p]=m+   
any labor1 ) respect to ! manufacture or
 furni%+ ( mat]ials1 supplies1 articles1
 or equipm5t1 "u a contract to :i* ?is  
*apt] applies1 %all be an employee      
employ$ by ! contractor ( su* contract &
 n an indep5d5t contractor1 unless--    
7#a7 ! individual is free f control &   
direction 9 connection ) ! p]=mance ( ! 
labor1 bo? "u ! contract = ! p]=mance ( 
! labor & 9 fact2  7#b7 ! labor is p]=m$

 outside ! usual c\rse ( ! bus9ess ( su*
 contractor2 &  7#c7 ! individual is    
cu/om>ily engag$ 9 an indep5d5tly       
e/abli%$ trade1 occupation1 pr(ession1  
or bus9ess ( ! same nature z t involv$ 9
 ! labor p]=m$4  7b7 ,cl>ifications     
7#a7 ,relation%ip ) common law          
,subsection 7a7 is n a codification ( ! 
common law & %all n be int]pret$ to     
reflect1 or to be limit$ or re/rict$ by1
 common law int]pretations reg>d+ :5 an 
individual is an employee ( ano!r p]son4
 ,subsection 7a7 %all be consid]$       
complete z writt51 & any judicial or    
ag5cy int]pretation ( su* subsection    
%all be limit$ to ! explicit requirem5ts
 ( su* subsection4  7#b7 ,impact (      
writt5 or o!r agreem5ts ,! requirem5ts (
 subsection 7a7 %all n be 9 any way     
affect$ by any agreem5t1 writt5 or      
o!rwise1 t purports to demon/rate an    
individual's ackn[l$gm5t ( or           
acquiesc5ce to ! abs5ce ( an            
employ]-employee relation%ip ) a        
p>ticul> employ]4  7c7 ,non-,compete    

agreem5ts  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,not)/&+ any   
contr>y provisions 9 ?is *apt]1 9 any   
in/ance 9 :i* !re is a non-compete      
agreem5t betwe5 a p]son & an individual 
:o p]=ms labor = su* p]son1 ! pres5ce ( 
! non-compete agreem5t1 )\t reg>d to !  
legality or en=ceability ( ! non-compete
 agreem5t1 %all be evid5ce ( control =  
purposes ( subsection 7a77#a71 b %all n 
by itself e/abli% an employm5t          
relation%ip betwe5 su* p]son & !        
individual4  7#b7 ,def9ition (          
non-compete agreem5t ,9 ?is subsection1 
! t]m non-compete agreem5t means an     
agreem5t betwe5 a p]son & an individual 
:o p]=ms labor = su* p]son t re/ricts ! 
individual f p]=m+1 ei!r dur+ or aft] ! 
individual p]=ms labor = su* p]son--    
7,a7 any labor = ano!r p]son2  7,b7 any 
labor = a specifi$ p]iod ( "t2  7,c7 any
 labor 9 a specifi$ geographical area2  
or  7,d7 any labor = ano!r p]son t is   
simil> to ! labor su* individual p]=m$ =
 ! p]son t is a p>ty to su* agreem5t4  4
  7#b7 ,presumption ( employee /atus    

,section #feja;a ( title #da1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 z add$ by p>agraph 7#a71  
is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7d7
 ,presumption ( employee /atus ,=       
purposes ( ?is *apt]1 an individual     
p]=m+ any labor1 ) respect to !         
manufacture or furni%+ ( mat]ials1      
supplies1 articles1 or equipm5t1 "u a   
contract to :i* ?is *apt] applies1 %all 
be an employee employ$ by ! contractor (
 su* contract unless ! p>ty seek+ to    
ass]t o!rwise e/abli%es by cle> &       
conv9c+ evid5ce t ! individual is n su* 
an employee 9 accordance ) ?is section4 
4  7#c7 ,misclassification z a /&alone  
violation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #fejb 
( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is    
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#e7  
,misclassification ,! contractor %all n 
misclassify an individual p]=m+ any     
labor1 ) respect to ! manufacture or    
furni%+ ( mat]ials1 supplies1 articles1 
or equipm5t "u ! contract1 :o is an     
employee ( ! contractor z n su* an      
employee = purposes ( ?is *apt]4  4     

7,b7 ,incorporation to fur!r violations 
,section #fejb ( title #da1 ,unit$      
,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by subp>agraph    
7,a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! 
foll[+3  7#f7 ,incorporation to fur!r   
violations ,! contractor %all n1 = !    
purpose1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ( facilitat+1  
or evad+ detection (1 a violation ( ?is 
*apt]1 includ+ a violation ( p>agraph   
7#e7-- 7,a7 incorporate or =m1 or assi/ 
9 ! incorporation or =mation (1 a       
corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$ liability 
corporation1 or o!r entity2 or  7,b7 pay
 or collect a fee = use ( a =eign or    
dome/ic corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$   
liability corporation1 or o!r entity4  4
  7#d7 ,protection f retaliation = be+  
an employee2 rules reg>d+ unlawful      
dis*>ge or discrim9ation ,section #fejb 
( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z     
am5d$ by p>agraph 7#d71 is fur!r am5d$  
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#g7        
,retaliation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,!          
contractor %all n dis*>ge or 9 any o!r  
mann] discrim9ate aga9/ an individual   

employ$ by ! contractor 9 ! manufacture 
or furni%+ ( mat]ials1 supplies1        
articles1 or equipm5t "u ! contract1    
because-- 7i7 su* individual has fil$   
any compla9t or in/itut$ or caus$ to be 
in/itut$ any proce$+ "u or relat$ to ?is
 *apt]1 or has te/ifi$ or is ab\t to    
te/ify 9 any su* proce$+1 or has s]v$ or
 is ab\t to s]ve on an indu/ry          
committee2 or  7ii7 su* individual--    
7,i7 is requir$1 pursuant to ! enactm5t 
( ! ,work] ,flexibility & ,small        
,bus9ess ,protection ,act ( #bjbj1 to be
 classifi$ z an employee ( ! contractor 
= purposes ( ?is *apt] & n an indep5d5t 
contractor2 &  7,,ii7 0 classifi$ by !  
contractor z an indep5d5t contractor    
prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,work]   
,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess          
,protection ,act ( #bjbj4  7,b7 ,rules  
reg>d+ unlawful dis*>ge or discrim9ation
  7i7 ,presumption ( retaliation ,any   
action tak5 aga9/ an individual1 employ$
 by ! contractor or subcontractor 9 !   
manufacture or furni%+ ( mat]ials1      

supplies1 articles1 or equipm5t "u !    
contract1 )9 #ij days ( ! individual    
tak+ any action describ$ 9 subp>agraph  
7,a77i71 includ+ tak+ any su* action )  
respect to ex]cis+ ! "r ( ! individual  
pursuant to p>agraph 7#e7 to n be       
misclassifi$1 %all e/abli% a rebuttable 
presumption t ! action is discrim9ation 
aga9/ ! individual 9 violation (        
subp>agraph 7,a74  7ii7 ,motivat+ factor
 ,unlawful dis*>ge or o!r discrim9ation 
aga9/ an employee "u subp>agraph 7,a7 is
 e/abli%$ :5 ! compla9+ p>ty demon/rates
 t "o ( ! actions or ! classification   
describ$ 9 su* subp>agraph 0 a motivat+ 
factor = su* dis*>ge or o!r             
discrim9ation1 ev5 if su* dis*>ge or o!r
 discrim9ation 0 also motivat$ by o!r   
factors4  4  7#e7 ,misclassification    
en=cem5t ?r\gh reclassification ord]s & 
/op "w ord]s ,*apt] #fe ( title #da1    
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ 
aft] section #fejf ! foll[+3  #fejf;a4  
,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh       
reclassification ord]s & /op "w ord]s   

7a7 ,reclassification ord]s  7#a7 ,9    
g5]al ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es1 aft] an 
inve/igation "u section #fejf7;e71 t a  
contractor ( a contract to :i* ?is *apt]
 applies has misclassifi$ #a or m       
individuals :o are employees ( !        
contractor p]=m+ any labor1 ) respect to
 ! manufacture or furni%+ ( mat]ials1   
supplies1 articles1 or equipm5t1 "u !   
contract1 z n employees ( ! contractor1 
9 violation ( section #fejb7e7-- 7,a7 ! 
,secret>y %all issue1 n lat] ?an #bd    
h\rs aft] mak+ su* det]m9ation1 an ord] 
aga9/ ! contractor requir+ ! contractor 
to imm$iately classify ! #a or m        
individuals z employees ( ! contractor2 
&  7,b7 ! contractor %all imm$iately    
comply ) ! ord] issu$ "u subp>agraph    
7,a7 or %all o!rwise be 9 violation (   
section #fejb7e74  7#b7 ,ord]s ,an ord] 
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7,a7 be   
effective at ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ 
^u ! contractor1 :i* may be accompli%$  
by ! po/+ ( a copy ( ! ord] 9 a         
conspicu\s location at ! place ( bus9ess

 ( ! contractor2 &  7,b7 rema9 9 effect 
dur+ any review conduct$ "u p>agraph    
7#c7 & dur+ any he>+ & appeal ( su* ord]
 "u p>agraph 7#d74  7#c7 ,review =      
reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a        
contractor aga9/ :om an ord] is issu$ "u
 p>agraph 7#a7 may reque/ a review by ! 
,secret>y to conte/ ! ord]4  7,b7       
,reque/s ,a reque/ "u subp>agraph 7,a7  
%all be made 9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y n m 
?an #e days aft] ! issuance ( ! ord]4   
7,c7 ,requirem5ts = review  7i7 ,9 g5]al
 ,a review "u ?is p>agraph %all-- 7,i7  
comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] a      
reque/ is made "u subp>agraph 7,b72 &   
7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft]
 su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7 ,det]m9ation ,n  
lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a review         
concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !        
,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1  
modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,he>+s & appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by 
a det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph 
7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 reque/ a he>+  
to appeal su* det]m9ation to an         

adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7 appeal  
an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law judge "u  
subp>agraph 7,a7 to a c\rt (            
jurisdiction z describ$ 9 section       
#fejg7;d74  7#e7 ,tempor>y or p]man5t   
injunctive relief ,! ,secret>y may      
petition a c\rt ( jurisdiction z        
describ$ 9 section #fejg7;d7 = tempor>y 
or p]man5t injunctive relief aga9/ any  
contractor t violates an ord] issu$ "u  
p>agraph 7#a74 ,a c\rt %all issue su*   
tempor>y or p]man5t injunctive relief if
 ! ,secret>y has demon/rat$ x is j &    
prop]4  7#f7 ,successfully disprov+     
occurr5ce ( misclassification  7,a7 ,9  
g5]al ,if contractor ) respect to :om an
 ord] 0 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7          
successfully proves ?r\gh a review "u   
p>agraph 7#c71 or a subsequ5t he>+ or   
appeals proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #a
 or m individuals :o 7 ! subject ( !    
ord] 7 n misclassifi$ 9 violation (     
section #fejb7e7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$ "u  
p>agraph 7#a7 %all cease to be 9 effect2
  7ii7 ! contractor %all n be liable =  

any applicable back pay1 damages1 or    
civil p5alties ow$ by ! contractor "u   
?is *apt] ) respect to !                
misclassification ( su* #a or m         
individuals2 &  7iii7 ! ,secret>y (     
,labor1 adm9i/rative law judge1 or !    
c\rt1 z applicable1 %all aw>d 7& !      
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 9         
accordance ) subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to !
 contractor reasonable fees & exp5ses ( 
attorneys 9 ! same mann] z su* fees &   
exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u section #bdab (
 title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 if !   
contractor 0 a prevail+ p>ty & ! review1
 he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a civil     
action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$      
,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!         
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1   
adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1 z      
applicable1 pay any fees or exp5ses     
aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f am\nts 
9 ! g5]al fund ( ! ,treasury4  7b7 ,/op 
"w ord]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any case :]e 
a contractor does n comply ) a          

reclassification ord] issu$ by !        
,secret>y "u subsection 7a77#a71 )      
respect to #b or m individuals :o are   
misclassifi$ 9 violation ( section      
#fejb7e71 )9 #cj days ( be+ s]v$ ) !    
ord]1 ! ,secret>y %all issue-- 7,a7     
subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 an ord]    
aga9/ ! contractor requir+ ! cessation (
 all bus9ess op]ations ( su* contractor 
at ! location ( ! violation2 or  7,b7 if
 an ord] describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 has
 be5 previ\sly issu$ aga9/ ! contractor 
by any ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local ag5cy =  
misclassify+ an employee p]=m+ any      
labor1 ) respect to ! manufacture or    
furni%+ ( mat]ials1 supplies1 articles1 
or equipm5t "u ! contract1 z n su* an   
employee 9 violation ( section #fejb7e71
 or an equival5t ,/ate or local law z   
det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y1 an ord] aga9/ ! 
contractor requir+ ! cessation ( all    
bus9ess op]ations ( su* contractor at   
all bus9ess locations ( ! contractor1   
includ+ locations o!r ?an ! location :]e
 ! misclassification occurr$4  7#b7     

,ord]s  7,a7 ,applicability ,an ord]    
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7i7 be    
effective at ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ 
^u ! contractor1 :i* may be accompli%$  
by ! po/+ ( a copy ( ! ord] 9 a         
conspicu\s location at ! place ( bus9ess
 ( ! contractor2 &  7ii7 rema9 9        
effect-- 7,i7 dur+ any review conduct$  
"u p>agraph 7#c7 ) respect to su* ord] &
 dur+ any he>+ & appeal ( su* ord] "u   
p>agraph 7#d72 &  7,,ii7 until !        
,secret>y issues a release ord] "u      
subp>agraph 7,b74  7,b7 ,release ord]s  
7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 
7#a7 7t is n revok$ by ! ,secret>y or   
held unlawful or set aside by an        
adm9i/rative law judge or a c\rt7 %all  
rema9 9 effect until ! ,secret>y issues 
ano!r ord] releas+ ! ord] issu$ "u su*  
subsection ^u a f9d+ by ! ,secret>y t ! 
contractor-- 7,i7 has correct$ !        
violation ( section #fejb7e7 ) respect  
to ! #b or m individuals :o 7           
misclassifi$ result+ 9 ! ord]2 &  7,,ii7
 has agre$ to a paym5t s*$ule = all     

applicable back pay1 damages1 & civil   
p5alties ow$ by ! contractor "u ?is     
*apt]4  7ii7 ,re9/atem5t ,if1 at any "t 
aft] ! ,secret>y issues a release ord]  
"u clause 7i71 ! contractor fails to    
comply ) ! t]ms ( ! paym5t s*$ule       
describ$ 9 clause 7i77,,ii71 ! ,secret>y
 %all re9/ate ! ord] issu$ "u p>agraph  
7#a7 until ! contractor is 9 compliance 
) su* t]ms4  7#c7 ,review =             
reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a        
contractor aga9/ :om an ord] is issu$ "u
 p>agraph 7#a7 may reque/ a review by ! 
,secret>y to conte/ ! ord]4  7,b7       
,reque/s ,a reque/ "u subp>agraph 7,a7  
%all be made 9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y n m 
?an #e days aft] ! issuance ( ! ord]4   
7,c7 ,requirem5ts = review  7i7 ,9 g5]al
 ,a review "u ?is p>agraph %all-- 7,i7  
comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] a      
reque/ is made "u subp>agraph 7,b72 &   
7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft]
 su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7 ,det]m9ation ,n  
lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a review         
concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !        

,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1  
modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,he>+s & appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by 
a det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph 
7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 reque/ a he>+  
to appeal su* det]m9ation to an         
adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7 appeal  
an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law judge "u  
subp>agraph 7,a7 to a c\rt (            
jurisdiction z describ$ 9 section       
#fejg7;d74  7#e7 ,tempor>y or p]man5t   
injunctive relief ,! ,secret>y may      
petition a c\rt ( jurisdiction z        
describ$ 9 section #fejg7;d7 = tempor>y 
or p]man5t injunctive relief aga9/ any  
contractor t violates an ord] issu$ "u  
p>agraph 7#a74 ,a c\rt %all issue su*   
tempor>y or p]man5t injunctive relief if
 ! ,secret>y has demon/rat$ x is j &    
prop]4  7#f7 ,comp5sation = lo/ "w  7,a7
 ,9 g5]al ,subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 
a contractor ) respect to :om an ord] is
 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all pay ea*    
employee describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,c7 !  
comp5sation t w\ld be ow$ to su*        

employee if ! ord] 0 n issu$4  7,b7     
,limitation ,comp5sation paid "u        
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be = ea* day1 n to
 exce$ #aj days1 = :i* ! employee w\ld  
be paid if ! ord] describ$ 9 su*        
p>agraph 7 n 9 effect4  7,c7 ,applicable
 employees ,an employee describ$ 9 ?is  
subp>agraph is an individual :o-- 7i7 is
 an employee ( a contractor aga9/ :om an
 ord] is issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a72  7ii7  
p]=ms labor ) respect to ! manufacture  
or furni%+ ( mat]ials1 supplies1        
articles1 or equipm5t "u ! contract t is
 subject to ! ord]2 &  7iii7 loses      
comp5sation due to ! "w ( su* employee  
ceas+ z a result ( su* ord]4  7#g7      
,successfully disprov+ occurr5ce (      
misclassification  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any 
case :]e a contractor ) respect to :om  
an ord] 0 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7        
successfully proves ?r\gh a review "u   
p>agraph 7#c7 or a subsequ5t he>+ or    
appeals proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d7 t ! #b 
or m individuals :o 7 ! subject ( ! ord]
 7 n misclassifi$ 9 violation ( section 

#fejb7e7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 
7#a71 & any ord] issu$ aga9/ !          
contractor "u subsection 7a77#a7 )      
respect to su* #b or m individuals1 %all
 cease to be 9 effect2  7ii7 !          
contractor %all n be liable = any       
applicable back pay1 damages1 or civil  
p5alties ow$ by ! contractor "u ?is     
*apt] ) respect to ! misclassification (
 su* #b or m individuals2 &  7iii7 !    
,secret>y ( ,labor1 adm9i/rative law    
judge1 or c\rt1 z applicable1 %all aw>d 
7& ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 9    
accordance ) subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to !
 contractor-- 7,i7 an am\nt equal to any
 demon/rable lo/ net pr(its result+ f ! 
ord]1 z demon/rat$ by cle> & conv9c+    
evid5ce2 &  7,,ii7 reasonable fees &    
exp5ses ( attorneys 9 ! same mann] z su*
 fees & exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u section
 #bdab ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1
 if ! contractor 0 a prevail+ p>ty & !  
review1 he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a    
civil action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$
 ,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!        

,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1   
adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1 z      
applicable1 pay any am\nts1 fees1 or    
exp5ses aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f
 am\nts available 9 ! g5]al fund ( !    
,treasury4  4  7#f7 ,p5alties =         
violations ( new requirem5ts ,*apt] #fe 
( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z     
am5d$ by p>agraph 7#e71 is fur!r am5d$  
by ins]t+ aft] section #fejf;a ! foll[+3
  #fejf;b4 ,p5alties2 exp&$ liability   
7a7 ,misclassification & incorporation  
,to fur!r violations  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,a  
contractor t violates p>agraph 7#e71    
7#f71 or 7#g7 ( section #fejb ( ?is     
title %all be subject to a civil p5alty 
(-- 7,a7 subject to subp>agraphs 7,b7 & 
7,c71 #aj1jjj2  7,b7 if ! violation is  
repeat$ or willful1 #cj1jjj2 or  7,c7 if
 ! violation is widespread1 #a p]c5t ( !
 net pr(its ( ! contractor = ! ye> 9 :i*
 ! contractor _h ! highe/ net pr(its out
 ( all ye>s 9 :i* ! contractor 0 9 su*  
violation4  7#b7 ,repeat$1 or willful1 &

 widespread violations ,if ! violation (
 p>agraph 7#e71 7#f71 or 7#g7 ( section 
#fejb ( ?is title is repeat$ or willful1
 z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,b71 & is  
widespread1 z describ$ 9 p>agraph       
7#a77;,c71 ! high] am\nt ( ! am\nts     
describ$ 9 su* p>agraphs %all apply4    
7#c7 ,paym5t ( damages ,any p5alty      
assess$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 = a violation (
 p>agraph 7#e71 7#f71 or 7#g7 ( section 
#fejb ( ?is title %all be paid f an     
acc\nt ( ! contractor 9 su* violation & 
n paid1 or reimburs$1 by any insurance  
plan t w\ld indemnify ! contractor f    
violations ( su* p>agraph 7#e71 7#f71 or
 7#g74 ,if a contractor receives a      
paym5t f an insurance plan to indemnify 
! contractor f a violation ( su*        
p>agraph 7#e71 7#f71 or 7#g71 !         
contractor %all transf] ! paym5t to !   
,secret>y1 9 addition to ! am\nt to be  
paid f ! acc\nt ( ! contractor = !      
p5alty4  7b7 ,reclassification ord]s    
7#a7 ,civil p5alties ,a contractor t    
violates a reclassification ord] issu$  

"u section #fejf;a7a77#a7 %all be       
subject to a civil p5alty 9 an am\nt n  
less ?an #e1jjj p] day1 ) ea* day       
con/itut+ a sep>ate (f5se4  7#b7        
,additional damages ,9 any case 9 :i* a 
contractor conte/s a reclassification   
ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 ( section   
#fejf;a7a7 9 a review "u p>agraph 7#c7 (
 su* section1 a he>+ "u p>agraph        
7#d77;,a7 ( su* section1 & a subsequ5t  
judicial proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d77;,b7 (
 su* section1 & ! c\rt 9 su* proce$+    
rules 9 favor ( ! ,secret>y-- 7,a7 !    
c\rt %all det]m9e if1 dur+ ! p]iod      
betwe5 ! issuance ( su* ord] & !        
conclusion ( ! proce$+1 ! contractor    
violat$ su* ord] by n classify+ ! #a or 
m individuals z employees dur+ t p]iod2 
&  7,b7 if ! c\rt det]m9es ! contractor 
s violat$ ! ord] dur+ t p]iod-- 7i7 !   
c\rt %all det]m9e ! am\nt ( net pr(its  
d]iv$ by ! contractor f ! individuals'  
labor dur+ t p]iod2 &  7ii7 ! c\rt %all 
assess damages 9 ! am\nt det]m9$ "u     
clause 7i71 :i* damages %all be aw>d$ to

 su* individuals by ! c\rt4  4  7#g7    
,con=m+ am5dm5ts ,! table ( sections =  
*apt] #fe ( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates    
,code1 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by ins]t+ aft] ! 
item relat+ to section #feja ! foll[+3  
,sec4 #feja;a4 ,employee te/4  2  &     
7,b7 by ins]t+ aft] ! item relat+ to    
section #fejf ! foll[+3  ,sec4 #fejf;a4 
,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh       
reclassification ord]s & /op "w ord]s4  
,sec4 #fejf;b4 ,p5alties2 exp&$         
liability4  4  7h7 ,family & ,m$ical    
,leave ,act ( #aiic  7#a7               
,misclassification z a /&alone violation
  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #aje ( !       
,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfae7 is am5d$ by add+  
at ! end ! foll[+3  7c7                 
,misclassification ,x %all be unlawful =
 any employ] to misclassify an eligible 
employee ( ! employ] z n an employee ( !
 employ] = purposes ( ?is title4  4     
7,b7 ,incorporation to fur!r violations 
,section #aje ( ! ,family & ,m$ical     
,leave ,act ( #aiic 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      

#bfae71 z am5d$ by subp>agraph 7,a71 is 
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  
7d7 ,incorporation ,to fur!r violations 
,x %all be unlawful = any employ] to1 = 
! purpose1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ( facilitat+1
 or evad+ detection (1 a violation ( ?is
 title1 includ+ a violation ( subsection
 7c7-- 7#a7 incorporate or =m1 or assi/ 
9 ! incorporation or =mation (1 a       
corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$ liability 
corporation1 or o!r entity2 or  7#b7 pay
 or collect a fee = use ( a =eign or    
dome/ic corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 limit$   
liability corporation1 or o!r entity4  4
  7,c7 ,p5alties ,section #ajg7;b7 ( !  
,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfag7;b77 is am5d$ by   
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#d7 ,p5alties 
= misclassification & incorporation to  
fur!r violations  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,any    
employ] :o violates subsection 7c7 or   
7d7 ( section #aje %all be subject to a 
civil p5alty (-- 7i7 subject to clauses 
7ii7 & 7iii71 #aj1jjj2  7ii7 if !       
violation is repeat$ or willful1        

#cj1jjj2 or  7iii7 if ! violation is    
widespread1 #a p]c5t ( ! net pr(its ( ! 
employ] = ! ye> 9 :i* ! employ] _h !    
highe/ net pr(its out ( all ye>s 9 :i* !
 employ] 0 9 su* violation4  7,b7       
,repeat$1 or willful1 & widespread      
violations ,if a violation ( subsection 
7c7 or 7d7 ( section #aje is repeat$ or 
willful1 z describ$ 9 subp>agraph       
7,a77ii71 & is widespread1 z describ$ 9 
subp>agraph 7,a77iii71 ! high] p5alty ( 
! p5alties describ$ 9 su* subp>agraphs  
%all apply4  7,c7 ,paym5t ( p5alties    
,any p5alty assess$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 
= a violation ( subsection 7c7 or 7d7 ( 
section #aje %all be paid f an acc\nt ( 
! employ] 9 su* violation & n paid1 or  
reimburs$1 by any insurance plan t w\ld 
indemnify ! employ] f violations ( su*  
subsection 7c7 or 7d71 respectively4 ,if
 an employ] receives a paym5t f an      
insurance plan to indemnify ! employ] f 
a violation ( su* subsection1 ! employ] 
%all transf] ! paym5t to ! ,secret>y1 9 
addition to ! am\nt to be paid f !      

acc\nt ( ! employ] = ! p5alty4  4  7#b7 
,protection f retaliation = be+ an      
employee2 presumption ( retaliation     
,section #aje7;b7 ( ! ,family & ,m$ical 
,leave ,act ( #aiic 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      
#bfae7;b77 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by r$esignat+
 p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#c7 z            
subp>agraphs 7,a7 ?r\gh 7,c71           
respectively1 & ind5t+ appropriately2   
7,b7 by /rik+ ,x %all & ins]t+ ! foll[+3
  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,x %all  2  7,c7 9      
subp>agraph 7,b71 z s r$esignat$1 by    
/rik+ 2 or & ins]t+ a semicolon2  7,d7 9
 subp>agraph 7,c71 z s r$esignat$1 by   
/rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ 2 or2 & 
7,e7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,d7   
7i7 is requir$1 pursuant to ! enactm5t (
 ! ,work] ,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess
 ,protection ,act ( #bjbj1 to be        
classifi$ z an employee ( ! p]son =     
purposes ( ?is title & n an indep5d5t   
contractor2 &  7ii7 0 classifi$ by !    
p]son z an indep5d5t contractor prior to
 ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,work]           
,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess          

,protection ,act ( #bjbj4  7#b7 ,rules  
reg>d+ unlawful dis*>ge or discrim9ation
  7,a7 ,presumption ( retaliation ,any  
action tak5 aga9/ an individual )9 #ij  
days ( ! individual tak+ any action     
describ$ 9 any ( subp>agraph 7,a71 7,b71
 or 7,c7 ( p>agraph 7#a71 includ+ tak+  
any su* action ) respect to ex]cis+ ! "r
 ( an employee pursuant to subsection   
7c7 to n be misclassifi$1 %all e/abli% a
 rebuttable presumption t ! action is   
discrim9ation aga9/ ! individual 9      
violation ( p>agraph 7#a74  7,b7        
,motivat+ factor ,unlawful dis*>ge or   
o!r discrim9ation aga9/ an employee "u  
p>agraph 7#a7 is e/abli%$ :5 ! compla9+ 
p>ty demon/rates t "o ( ! actions or !  
classification describ$ 9 su* p>agraph 0
 a motivat+ factor = su* dis*>ge or o!r 
discrim9ation1 ev5 if su* dis*>ge or o!r
 discrim9ation 0 also motivat$ by o!r   
factors4  4  7#c7 ,/atutory employ]s 9  
heavily misclassify+ indu/ries ,section 
#aja7d7 ( ! ,family & ,m$ical ,leave    
,act ( #aiic 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfaa7d77 is

 am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,c7 
,/atutory employ]s 9 heavily            
misclassify+ indu/ries ,! t]m employ]   
%all include any p]son :o-- 7i7 is      
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a77i72 &  7ii7 
is describ$ 9 section #c7;d77#d7 ( !    
,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7;d77#d774  4  7#d7       
,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh /op "w
 ord]s  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,title ,i ( !     
,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfaa et seq47 is am5d$  
by ins]t+ aft] section #ajg 7#bi        
,u4,s4,c4 #bfag7 ! foll[+3  #ajg;,a4    
,misclassification en=cem5t ?r\gh       
reclassification ord]s & /op "w ord]s   
7a7 ,reclassification ord]s  7#a7 ,9    
g5]al ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es1 aft] an 
inve/igation "u section #ajf1 t an      
employ] has misclassifi$ #a or m        
individuals :o are eligible employees ( 
! employ] z n employees 9 violation (   
section #aje7;c7-- 7,a7 ! ,secret>y %all
 issue1 n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] mak+   
su* det]m9ation1 an ord] aga9/ ! employ]

 requir+ ! employ] to imm$iately        
classify ! #a or m individuals z        
eligible employees ( ! employ]2 &  7,b7 
! employ] %all imm$iately comply ) !    
ord] issu$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 or %all  
o!rwise be 9 violation ( section        
#aje7;c74  7#b7 ,ord]s ,an ord] issu$ "u
 p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7,a7 be effective 
at ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ ^u !      
employ]1 :i* may be accompli%$ by ! po/+
 ( a copy ( ! ord] 9 a conspicu\s       
location at ! place ( bus9ess ( !       
employ]2 &  7,b7 rema9 9 effect dur+ any
 review conduct$ "u p>agraph 7#c7 )     
respect to su* ord] & dur+ any he>+ &   
appeal ( su* ord] "u p>agraph 7#d74     
7#c7 ,review = reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9  
g5]al ,an employ] aga9/ :om an ord] is  
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 may reque/ a     
review by ! ,secret>y to conte/ ! ord]4 
7,b7 ,reque/s ,a reque/ "u subp>agraph  
7,a7 %all be made 9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y
 n m ?an #e days aft] ! issuance ( !    
ord]4  7,c7 ,requirem5ts = review  7i7  
,9 g5]al ,a review "u ?is p>agraph      

%all-- 7,i7 comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs 
aft] a reque/ is made "u subp>agraph    
7,b72 &  7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd 
h\rs aft] su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7         
,det]m9ation ,n lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a
 review concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !
 ,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1 
modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,he>+s & appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by 
a det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph 
7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 reque/ a he>+  
to appeal su* det]m9ation to an         
adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7 appeal  
an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law judge "u  
subp>agraph 7,a7 to any ,f$]al or ,/ate 
c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction4  7#e7     
,action = injunction ,! ,secret>y may   
petition any di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates to re/ra9 a violation ( an ord]  
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 ,a c\rt %all    
issue su* relief if ! ,secret>y has     
demon/rat$ x is j & prop]4  7#f7        
,successfully disprov+ occurr5ce (      
misclassification  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,if an 
employ] ) respect to :om an ord] 0 issu$

 "u p>agraph 7#a7 successfully proves   
?r\gh a review "u p>agraph 7#c71 or a   
subsequ5t he>+ or appeals proce$+ "u    
p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #a or m individuals  
:o 7 ! subject ( ! ord] 7 n misclassifi$
 9 violation ( section #aje7;c7-- 7i7 ! 
ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all cease  
to be 9 effect2  7ii7 ! employ] %all n  
be liable = any applicable back pay1    
damages1 or civil p5alties ow$ by !     
employ] "u ?is title ) respect to !     
misclassification ( su* #b or m         
individuals2 &  7iii7 ! ,secret>y (     
,labor1 adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1
 z applicable1 %all aw>d 7& ! ,secret>y 
( ! ,treasury %all1 9 accordance )      
subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to ! employ]     
reasonable fees & exp5ses ( attorneys 9 
! same mann] z su* fees & exp5ses c\ld  
be aw>d$ "u section #bdab ( title #bh1  
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 if ! employ] 0 a   
prevail+ p>ty & ! review1 he>+1 or      
appeals proce$+ 0 a civil action br\ght 
by or aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7,b7      
,s\rce ( funds ,! ,secret>y ( !         

,treasury %all1 ^u notification by !    
,secret>y ( ,labor1 adm9i/rative law    
judge1 or c\rt1 z applicable1 pay any   
fees or exp5ses aw>d$ "u subp>agraph    
7,a77iii7 f am\nts 9 ! g5]al fund ( !   
,treasury4  7b7 ,/op "w ord]s  7#a7 ,9  
g5]al ,9 any case :]e an employ] does n 
comply ) a reclassification ord] issu$  
by ! ,secret>y "u subsection 7a77#a71 ) 
respect to #b or m individuals :o are   
misclassifi$ 9 violation ( section      
#aje7;c71 )9 #cj days ( be+ s]v$ ! ord]1
 ! ,secret>y %all issue-- 7,a7 subject  
to subp>agraph 7,b71 an ord] aga9/ !    
employ] requir+ ! cessation ( all       
bus9ess op]ations ( su* employ] at !    
location ( ! violation2 or  7,b7 if an  
ord] describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 has be5
 previ\sly issu$ aga9/ ! employ] by any 
,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local ag5cy =         
misclassify+ an eligible employee z n an
 employee 9 violation ( section         
#aje7;c71 or an equival5t ,/ate or local
 law z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y1 an ord]  
aga9/ ! employ] requir+ ! cessation (   

all bus9ess op]ations ( su* employ] at  
all bus9ess locations ( ! employ]1      
includ+ locations o!r ?an ! location :]e
 ! misclassification occurr$4  7#b7     
,ord]s  7,a7 ,applicability ,an ord]    
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7i7 be    
effective at ! "t at :i* ! ord] is s]v$ 
^u ! employ]1 :i* may be accompli%$ by !
 po/+ ( a copy ( ! ord] 9 a conspicu\s  
location at ! place ( bus9ess ( !       
employ]2 &  7ii7 rema9 9 effect-- 7,i7  
dur+ any review conduct$ "u p>agraph    
7#c7 ) respect to su* ord] & dur+ any   
he>+ & appeal ( su* ord] "u p>agraph    
7#d72 &  7,,ii7 until ! ,secret>y issues
 a release ord] "u subp>agraph 7,b74    
7,b7 ,release ord]s  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an   
ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 7t is n     
revok$ by ! ,secret>y or held unlawful  
or set aside by an adm9i/rative law     
judge or a c\rt7 %all rema9 9 effect    
until ! ,secret>y issues ano!r ord]     
releas+ ! ord] issu$ "u su* p>agraph ^u 
a f9d+ by ! ,secret>y t ! employ]-- 7,i7
 has correct$ ! violation ( section     

#aje7;c7 ) respect to ! #b or m         
individuals :o 7 misclassifi$ result+ 9 
! ord]2 &  7,,ii7 has agre$ to a paym5t 
s*$ule = all applicable back pay1       
damages1 & civil p5alties ow$ by !      
employ] "u ?is title4  7ii7 ,re9/atem5t 
,if1 at any "t aft] ! ,secret>y issues a
 release ord] "u clause 7i71 ! employ]  
fails to comply ) ! t]ms ( ! paym5t     
s*$ule describ$ 9 clause 7i77,,ii71 !   
,secret>y %all re9/ate ! ord] issu$ "u  
p>agraph 7#a7 until ! employ] is 9      
compliance ) su* t]ms4  7#c7 ,review =  
reconsid]ation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,an       
employ] aga9/ :om an ord] is issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 may reque/ a review by !  
,secret>y to conte/ ! ord]4  7,b7       
,reque/s ,a reque/ "u subp>agraph 7,a7  
%all be made 9 writ+ to ! ,secret>y n m 
?an #e days aft] ! issuance ( ! ord]4   
7,c7 ,requirem5ts = review  7i7 ,9 g5]al
 ,a review "u ?is p>agraph %all-- 7,i7  
comm5ce n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] a      
reque/ is made "u subp>agraph 7,b72 &   
7,,ii7 conclude n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft]

 su* comm5cem5t4  7ii7 ,det]m9ation ,n  
lat] ?an #gb h\rs aft] a review         
concludes "u clause 7i77,,ii71 !        
,secret>y %all det]m9e :e!r to affirm1  
modify1 or revoke ! conte/$ ord]4  7#d7 
,he>+ & appeals ,any p]son aggriev$ by a
 det]m9ation ( ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph  
7#c77;,c77ii7 may-- 7,a7 reque/ a he>+  
to appeal su* det]m9ation to an         
adm9i/rative law judge2 &  7,b7 appeal  
an ord] ( an adm9i/rative law judge "u  
subp>agraph 7,a7 to any ,f$]al or ,/ate 
c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction4  7#e7     
,action = injunction ,! ,secret>y may   
petition any di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates to re/ra9 a violation ( an ord]  
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 ,a c\rt %all    
issue su* relief if ! ,secret>y has     
demon/rat$ x is j & prop]4  7#f7        
,comp5sation = lo/ "w  7,a7 ,9 g5]al    
,subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 an employ]
 ) respect to :om an ord] is issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a7 %all pay ea* eligible     
employee ( ! employ] :o loses           
comp5sation due to ! "w ( su* employee  

ceas+ z a result ( su* ord]1 !          
comp5sation t w\ld be ow$ to su*        
employee if ! ord] 0 n issu$4  7,b7     
,limitation ,comp5sation paid "u        
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be = ea* day1 n to
 exce$ #aj days1 = :i* ! eligible       
employee w\ld be paid if ! ord] describ$
 9 su* subp>agraph 7 n 9 effect4  7#g7  
,successfully disprov+ occurr5ce (      
misclassification  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any 
case :]e an employ] ) respect to :om an 
ord] 0 issu$ "u p>agraph 7#a7           
successfully proves ?r\gh a review "u   
p>agraph 7#c71 or a subsequ5t he>+ or   
appeals proce$+ "u p>agraph 7#d71 t ! #b
 or m individuals :o 7 ! subject ( !    
ord] 7 n misclassifi$ 9 violation (     
section #aje7;c7-- 7i7 ! ord] issu$ "u  
p>agraph 7#a71 & any ord] issu$ aga9/ ! 
employ] "u subsection 7a77#a7 ) respect 
to su* #b or m individuals1 %all cease  
to be 9 effect2  7ii7 ! employ] %all n  
be liable = any applicable back pay1    
damages1 or civil p5alties ow$ by !     
employ] "u ?is title ) respect to !     

misclassification ( su* #b or m         
individuals2 &  7iii7 ! ,secret>y (     
,labor1 adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1
 z applicable1 %all aw>d 7& ! ,secret>y 
( ! ,treasury %all1 9 accordance )      
subp>agraph 7,b71 pay7 to ! employ]--   
7,i7 an am\nt equal to any demon/rable  
lo/ net pr(its result+ f ! ord]1 z      
demon/rat$ by cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce2 & 
7,,ii7 reasonable fees & exp5ses (      
attorneys 9 ! same mann] z su* fees &   
exp5ses c\ld be aw>d$ "u section #bdab (
 title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 if !   
employ] 0 a prevail+ p>ty & ! review1   
he>+1 or appeals proce$+ 0 a civil      
action br\ght by or aga9/ ! ,unit$      
,/ates4  7,b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!         
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all1 ^u        
notification by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1   
adm9i/rative law judge1 or c\rt1 z      
applicable1 pay any am\nts1 fees1 or    
exp5ses aw>d$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 f
 am\nts available 9 ! g5]al fund ( !    
,treasury4  4  7,b7 ,p5alties ,section  
#ajg7;b7 ( ! ,family & ,m$ical ,leave   

,act ( #aiic 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfag7;b771 
z am5d$ by p>agraph 7#a77;,c71 is fur!r 
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#e7  
,p5alties = violations (                
reclassification ord]s  7,a7 ,civil     
p5alties ,any employ] :o violates a     
reclassification ord] issu$ by !        
,secret>y "u section #ajg;,a7a77#a7 %all
 be subject to a civil p5alty ( n less  
?an #e1jjj p] day1 ) ea* day con/itut+ a
 sep>ate (f5se4  7,b7 ,additional       
damages ,9 any case 9 :i* an employ]    
conte/s a reclassification ord] issu$ "u
 p>agraph 7#a7 ( section #ajg;,a7a7 9 a 
review "u p>agraph 7#c7 ( su* section1 a
 he>+ "u p>agraph 7#d77;,a7 ( su*       
section1 & a subsequ5t judicial proce$+ 
"u p>agraph 7#d77;,b7 ( su* section1 & !
 c\rt 9 su* proce$+ rules 9 favor ( !   
,secret>y-- 7i7 ! c\rt %all det]m9e if1 
dur+ ! p]iod betwe5 ! issuance ( su*    
ord] & ! conclusion ( ! proce$+1 !      
employ] violat$ su* ord] by n classify+ 
! #a or m individuals z eligible        
employees dur+ t p]iod2 &  7ii7 if !    

c\rt det]m9es ! employ] s violat$ ! ord]
 dur+ t p]iod-- 7,i7 ! c\rt %all det]m9e
 ! am\nt ( net pr(its d]iv$ by ! employ]
 f ! individuals' labor dur+ t p]iod2 & 
7,,ii7 ! c\rt %all assess damages 9 !   
am\nt det]m9$ "u subclause 7,i71 :i*    
damages %all be aw>d$ to su* individuals
 by ! c\rt4  4  7i7 ,f$]al ,unemploym5t 
,tax ,act 7,,futa7  7#a7 ,9 g5]al       
,section #ccjf ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue     
,code ( #aihf is am5d$ by add+ at ! end 
! foll[+ new subsection3  7w7 ,special  
rules = purposes ( def9+ employ] &      
employee ,9 def9+ employ] & employee =  
purposes ( ?is *apt]1 su* def9itions    
%all comply ) ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,p>agraph  
7#d7 ( section #c7;d7 ( ! ,fair ,labor  
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich4  7#b7 ,p>agraphs   
7#f71 7#g71 7#h71 & 7#i7 ( section      
#c7;e7 ( su* ,act4  4  7#b7 ,effective  
date ,! am5dm5ts made by p>agraph 7#a7  
%all apply to s]vices r5d]$ on or aft]  
,janu>y #a1 #bjbb4  ,,ii ,small bus9ess 
protection ?r\gh %>$ responsibility =   
work]s' rights  #bja4 ,g5]al %>$        

responsibility = work]s' rights  7a7    
,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich        
,section #c7;d7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds 
,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7;d771 z
 am5d$ by section #ajb7;a77#f77;,a71 is 
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  
7#e7 ,multiple employ]s  7,a7 ,rule (   
int]pretation ,?is p>agraph-- 7i7 is to 
be read z an addition to1 & an          
augm5tation & expansion (1 all relevant 
judicial & ag5cy int]pretations 9       
exi/5ce on ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,work] 
,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess          
,protection ,act ( #bjbj reg>d+ :i*     
p]sons qualify z employ]s 9 relation to 
a giv5 employee "u ?is ,act1 includ+ 9 a
 multiple employ] or jo9t employm5t     
/ructure2  7ii7 %all n be int]pret$ by  
any c\rt or ag5cy z a re/riction on1 or 
n>r[+ (1 any su* int]pretations2 &      
7iii7 is n a codification ( ! common law
 & %all n be int]pret$ to reflect1 or to
 be limit$ or re/rict$ by1 common law   
int]pretations reg>d+ :e!r a p]son is an
 employ] ( a giv5 employee or :e!r      

multiple p]sons are employ]s ( a giv5   
employee4  7,b7 ,9 g5]al ,two or m      
p]sons %all be employ]s ) respect to an 
employee if ea* su* p]son individually1 
act+ directly or indirectly1 is an      
employ] ( ! employee1 bas$ on & 9       
accordance ) ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m employ] 
"u p>agraphs 7#a71 7#b71 & 7#c7 ( ?is   
subsection1 ! def9ition ( employee "u   
subsection 7e71 & ! def9ition ( employ  
"u subsection 7g74  7,c7 ,additional    
multiple employ] det]m9ations ,not)/&+  
subp>agraph 7,b71 #b or m p]sons %all be
 employ]s1 act+ directly or indirectly1 
) respect to an employee if-- 7i7 ea*   
su* p]son directly or indirectly b5efits
 or seeks to directly or indirectly     
b5efit f ! p]=mance ( labor by an       
employee2 &  7ii7 7,i7 ea* su* p]son    
ex]ts actual direction or control1      
directly or indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial 
t]m or condition ( employm5t ( !        
employee1 includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2   
7,,ii7 ea* su* p]son ex]ts functional   
direction or control1 directly or       

indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial t]m or      
condition ( employm5t ( ! employee1     
includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2  7,,iii7 ea*
 su* p]son is legally capable1 )\t reg>d
 z to :e!r su* capability is us$1 (     
directly or indirectly-- 7aa7 ex]t+     
direction or control ov] any mat]ial t]m
 or condition ( employm5t ( ! employee2 
7bb7 ensur+ compliance ) ! requirem5ts (
 ?is ,act ) reg>d to ! employee's       
p]=mance ( su* labor2 or  7cc7 uphold+ !
 rights & protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d
 to ! employee's p]=mance ( su* labor2  
or  7,,iv7 bas$ on an act or omission ( 
! #b or m p]sons1 ! employee reasonably 
believ$ t su* p]sons 7 ! employee's     
employ]s & ! employee did n h actual k t
 any ( ! p]sons 7 n ! employee's employ]
 "u ?is ,act4  4  7b7 ,national ,labor  
,relations ,act ,section #b7b7 ( !      
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #aeb7b771 z am5d$ by section  
#ajb7;b77#f77;,a71 is fur!r am5d$ by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,c7 ,multiple 
employ]s  7i7 ,rule ( int]pretation ,?is

 subp>agraph-- 7,i7 is to be read z an  
addition to1 & an augm5tation &         
expansion (1 all relevant judicial &    
ag5cy int]pretations 9 exi/5ce on ! date
 ( enactm5t ( ! ,work] ,flexibility &   
,small ,bus9ess ,protection ,act ( #bjbj
 reg>d+ :i* p]sons qualify z employ]s 9 
relation to a giv5 employee "u ?is ,act1
 includ+ 9 a multiple employ] or jo9t   
employm5t /ructure2  7,,ii7 %all n be   
int]pret$ by any c\rt or ag5cy z a      
re/riction on1 or n>r[+ (1 any su*      
int]pretations2 &  7,,iii7 is n a       
codification ( ! common law & %all n be 
int]pret$ to reflect1 or to be limit$ or
 re/rict$ by1 common law int]pretations 
reg>d+ :e!r a p]son is an employ] ( a   
giv5 employee or :e!r multiple p]sons   
are employ]s ( a giv5 employee4  7ii7 ,9
 g5]al ,two or m p]sons %all be employ]s
 ) respect to an employee if ea* su*    
p]son individually1 act+ directly or    
indirectly1 is an employ] ( ! employee1 
bas$ on & 9 accordance ) ! mean+s giv5 !
 t]m employ] "u subp>agraph 7,a7 & ! t]m

 employee "u p>agraph 7#c74  7iii7      
,additional multiple employ]            
det]m9ations ,not)/&+ clause 7ii71 #b or
 m p]sons %all be employ]s1 act+        
directly or indirectly1 ) respect to an 
employee if-- 7,i7 ea* su* p]son        
directly or indirectly b5efits or seeks 
to directly or indirectly b5efit f !    
p]=mance ( labor by an employee2 &      
7,,ii7 7aa7 ea* su* p]son ex]ts actual  
direction or control1 directly or       
indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial t]m or      
condition ( employm5t ( ! employee1     
includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2  7bb7 ea*   
su* p]son ex]ts functional direction or 
control1 directly or indirectly1 ov] any
 mat]ial t]m or condition ( employm5t ( 
! employee1 includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2 
7cc7 ea* su* p]son is legally capable1  
)\t reg>d z to :e!r su* capability is   
us$1 ( directly or indirectly-- 7,,aa7  
ex]t+ direction or control ov] any      
mat]ial t]m or condition ( employm5t ( !
 employee2 7,,bb7 ensur+ compliance ) ! 
requirem5ts ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to !     

employee's p]=mance ( su* labor2 or     
7,,cc7 uphold+ ! rights & protections ( 
?is ,act ) reg>d to ! employee's        
p]=mance ( su* labor2  7dd7 bas$ on an  
act or omission ( ! #b or m p]sons1 !   
employee reasonably believ$ t su* p]sons
 7 ! employee's employ]s & ! employee   
did n h actual k t any ( ! p]sons 7 n ! 
employee's employ] "u ?is ,act2 or  7ee7
 bas$ on ! totality ( ! circum/ances ( !
 indu/rial realities1 includ+ ! way     
sep>ate p]sons h /ructur$ _! comm]cial  
relation%ip1 #b or m p]sons wield       
suffici5t influ5ce ov] any mat]ial t]m  
or condition ( employm5t ( ! employee   
su* t mean+ful b>ga9+ c\ld n occur 9 !  
abs5ce ( ! #b or m p]sons4  4  7c7      
,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   
#aigj ,section #c7e7 ( ! ,occupational  
,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigj 7#bi      
,u4,s4,c4 #feb7e771 z am5d$ by section  
#ajb7;c77#f77;,a71 is fur!r am5d$ by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,c7 ,multiple 
employ]s  7i7 ,rule ( int]pretation ,?is
 subp>agraph-- 7,i7 is to be read z an  

addition to1 & an augm5tation &         
expansion (1 all relevant judicial &    
ag5cy int]pretations 9 exi/5ce on ! date
 ( enactm5t ( ! ,work] ,flexibility &   
,small ,bus9ess ,protection ,act ( #bjbj
 reg>d+ :i* p]sons qualify z employ]s 9 
relation to a giv5 employee "u ?is ,act1
 includ+ 9 a multiple employ] or jo9t   
employm5t /ructure2  7,,ii7 %all n be   
int]pret$ by any c\rt or ag5cy z a      
re/riction on1 or n>r[+ (1 any su*      
int]pretations2 &  7,,iii7 is n a       
codification ( ! common law & %all n be 
int]pret$ to reflect1 or to be limit$ or
 re/rict$ by1 common law int]pretations 
reg>d+ :e!r a p]son is an employ] ( a   
giv5 employee or :e!r multiple p]sons   
are employ]s ( a giv5 employee4  7ii7 ,9
 g5]al ,two or m p]sons %all be employ]s
 ) respect to an employee if ea* su*    
p]son individually1 act+ directly or    
indirectly1 is an employ] ( ! employee1 
bas$ on & 9 accordance ) ! mean+ giv5 ! 
t]m employ] "u subp>agraph 7,a7 & !     
def9ition ( employee "u p>agraph 7#f74  

7iii7 ,additional multiple employ]      
det]m9ations ,not)/&+ clause 7ii71 #b or
 m p]sons %all be employ]s1 act+        
directly or indirectly1 ) respect to an 
employee if-- 7,i7 ea* su* p]son        
directly or indirectly b5efits or seeks 
to directly or indirectly b5efit f !    
p]=mance ( labor by an employee2 &      
7,,ii7 7aa7 ea* su* p]son ex]ts actual  
direction or control1 directly or       
indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial t]m or      
condition ( employm5t ( ! employee1     
includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2  7bb7 ea*   
su* p]son ex]ts functional direction or 
control1 directly or indirectly1 ov] any
 mat]ial t]m or condition ( employm5t ( 
! employee1 includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2 
7cc7 ea* su* p]son is legally capable1  
)\t reg>d z to :e!r su* capability is   
us$1 ( directly or indirectly-- 7,,aa7  
ex]t+ direction or control ov] any      
mat]ial t]m or condition ( employm5t ( !
 employee2 7,,bb7 ensur+ compliance ) ! 
requirem5ts ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to !     
employee's p]=mance ( su* labor2 or     

7,,cc7 uphold+ ! rights & protections ( 
?is ,act ) reg>d to ! employee's        
p]=mance ( su* labor2 or  7dd7 bas$ on  
an act or omission ( ! #b or m p]sons1 !
 employee reasonably believ$ t su*      
p]sons 7 ! employee's employ]s & !      
employee did n h actual k t any ( !     
p]sons 7 n ! employee's employ] "u ?is  
,act4  4  7d7 ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety &     
,heal? ,act ( #aigg ,! ,f$]al ,m9e      
,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigg 7#cj      
,u4,s4,c4 #hja et seq471 z am5d$ by     
p>agraphs 7#a7 & 7#b7 ( section         
#ajb7;d71 is fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] 
section #d;,a ! foll[+3  #d;,b4         
,applicability to multiple employ]s &   
relat$ entities  7a7 ,multiple employ]s 
7#a7 ,rule ( int]pretation ,?is         
subsection-- 7,a7 is to be read z an    
addition to1 & an augm5tation &         
expansion (1 all relevant judicial &    
ag5cy int]pretations 9 exi/5ce on ! date
 ( enactm5t ( ! ,work] ,flexibility &   
,small ,bus9ess ,protection ,act ( #bjbj
 reg>d+ :i* p]sons qualify z op]ators 9 

relation to a giv5 m9] "u ?is ,act1     
includ+ 9 a multiple employ] or jo9t    
employm5t /ructure2  7,b7 %all n be     
int]pret$ by any c\rt or ag5cy z a      
re/riction on1 or n>r[+ (1 any su*      
int]pretations2 &  7,c7 is n a          
codification ( ! common law & %all n be 
int]pret$ to reflect1 or to be limit$ or
 re/rict$ by1 common law int]pretations 
reg>d+ :e!r a p]son is an employ] ( a   
giv5 m9] or :e!r multiple p]sons are    
employ]s ) respect to a giv5 m9]4  7#b7 
,9 g5]al ,two or m p]sons %all be       
employ]s ) respect to a m9] ( a coal or 
o!r m9e if1 bas$ on ! def9itions giv5 ! 
t]ms op]ator & m9] 9 section #c1 ea* su*
 p]son individually satisfies !         
def9ition ( an op]ator "u ?is ,act 9    
relation to a giv5 m9]4  7#c7           
,additional multiple employ]            
det]m9ations ,not)/&+ p>agraph 7#b71 #b 
or m p]sons %all be employ]s1 act+      
directly or indirectly1 ) respect to a  
m9] ( a coal or o!r m9e if-- 7,a7 "o ( !
 p]sons is an op]ator ( a coal or o!r   

m9e & ! m9] is p]=m+ labor = ! op]ator2 
7,b7 ea* su* p]son directly or          
indirectly b5efits or seeks to directly 
or indirectly b5efit f ! p]=mance (     
labor by ! m9]2 &  7,c7 7i7 ea* su*     
p]son ex]ts actual direction or control1
 directly or indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial
 t]m or condition ( employm5t ( ! m9]1  
includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2  7ii7 ea*   
su* p]son ex]ts functional direction or 
control1 directly or indirectly1 ov] any
 mat]ial t]m or condition ( employm5t ( 
! m9]1 includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2      
7iii7 ea* su* p]son is legally capable1 
)\t reg>d z to :e!r su* capability is   
us$1 ( directly or indirectly-- 7,i7    
ex]t+ direction or control ov] any      
mat]ial t]m or condition ( employm5t ( !
 m9]2  7,,ii7 ensur+ compliance ) !     
requirem5ts ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to !     
m9]'s p]=mance ( su* labor2 or  7,,iii7 
uphold+ ! rights & protections ( ?is    
,act ) reg>d to ! m9]'s p]=mance ( su*  
labor2 or  7iv7 bas$ on an act or       
omission ( ! #b or m p]sons1 ! m9]      

reasonably believ$ t su* p]sons 7 !     
m9]'s employ]s & ! m9] did n h actual k 
t any ( ! p]sons 7 n ! m9]'s employ] "u 
?is ,act4  4  7e7 ,migrant & ,seasonal  
,agricultural ,work] ,protection ,act   
,section #e ( ! ,migrant & ,seasonal    
,agricultural ,work] ,protection ,act   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ahjc71 z r$esignat$ by  
section #ajb7;e77#a77;,a71 is fur!r     
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7c7   
,exp&$ applicability  7#a7              
,responsibility ( agricultural employ]s 
& agricultural associations = work]s (  
f>m labor contractors ,9 any case :]e an
 agricultural employ] or an agricultural
 association has ent]$ into an agreem5t 
) a f>m labor contractor to provide     
migrant agricultural work]s or seasonal 
agricultural work]s to ! employ] or     
association1 bo? ! agricultural employ] 
or association & ! f>m labor contractor 
%all be responsible = ! rights &        
protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to !     
migrant agricultural work] or seasonal  
agricultural work]1 z ! case may be1 9  

any case :]e ! f>m labor contractor is  
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act4  7#b7 ,multiple employ]s  7,a7
 ,rule ( int]pretation ,?is p>agraph--  
7i7 is to be read z an addition to1 & an
 augm5tation & expansion (1 all relevant
 judicial & ag5cy int]pretations 9      
exi/5ce on ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,work] 
,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess          
,protection ,act ( #bjbj reg>d+ :i*     
p]sons qualify z agricultural employ]s1 
agricultural associations1 or f>m labor 
contractors 9 relation to a giv5        
employee "u ?is ,act1 includ+ 9 a       
multiple employ] or jo9t employm5t      
/ructure2  7ii7 %all n be int]pret$ by  
any c\rt or ag5cy z a re/riction on1 or 
n>r[+ (1 any su* int]pretations2 &      
7iii7 is n a codification ( ! common law
 & %all n be int]pret$ to reflect1 or to
 be limit$ or re/rict$ by1 common law   
int]pretations reg>d+ :e!r a p]son is an
 employ] ( a giv5 migrant agricultural  
work] or seasonal agricultural work] or 
:e!r multiple p]sons are employ]s ( a   

giv5 work]4  7,b7 ,9 g5]al ,two or m    
p]sons1 act+ directly or indirectly1    
%all be responsible = ! rights &        
protections ( ?is ,act ) respect to a   
migrant agricultural work] or seasonal  
agricultural work]1 if bas$ on !        
application ( ! def9itions (            
agricultural association1 agricultural  
employ]1 agricultural employm5t1 employ1
 f>m labor contractor1 migrant          
agricultural work]1 & seasonal          
agricultural work] "u section #c1 ea*   
su* p]son individually satisfies !      
def9ition ( a f>m labor contractor1     
agricultural employ]1 or agricultural   
association "u ?is ,act 9 relation to a 
giv5 migrant agricultural work] or      
seasonal agricultural work]4  7,c7      
,additional multiple employ]            
det]m9ations ,not)/&+ subp>agraph 7,b71 
#b or m p]sons1 act+ directly or        
indirectly1 %all be responsible = !     
rights & protections ( ?is ,act )       
respect to a migrant agricultural work] 
or seasonal agricultural work] if-- 7i7 

"o ( ! p]sons is a f>m labor contractor1
 agricultural employ]1 or agricultural  
association & ! migrant agricultural    
work] or seasonal agricultural work] is 
p]=m+ labor = su* p]son2  7ii7 ea* su*  
p]son directly or indirectly b5efits or 
seeks to directly or indirectly b5efit f
 ! p]=mance ( labor by ! work]2 &  7iii7
 7,i7 ea* su* p]son ex]ts actual        
direction or control1 directly or       
indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial t]m or      
condition ( employm5t ( ! work]1 includ+
 ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2  7,,ii7 ea* su*    
p]son ex]ts functional direction or     
control1 directly or indirectly1 ov] any
 mat]ial t]m or condition ( employm5t ( 
! work]1 includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2    
7,,iii7 ea* su* p]son is legally        
capable1 )\t reg>d z to :e!r su*        
capability is us$1 ( directly or        
indirectly-- 7aa7 ex]t+ direction or    
control ov] any mat]ial t]m or condition
 ( employm5t ( ! work]2  7bb7 ensur+    
compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is ,act ) 
reg>d to ! work]'s p]=mance ( su* labor2

 or  7cc7 uphold+ ! rights & protections
 ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to ! work]'s        
p]=mance ( su* labor2 or  7,,iv7 bas$ on
 an act or omission ( ! #b or m p]sons1 
! work] reasonably believ$ t ea* su*    
p]son 0 a f>m labor contractor1         
agricultural employ]1 or agricultural   
association t employ$ ! work] & ! work] 
did n h actual k t any ( ! p]sons 7 n ! 
work]'s employ] = purposes ( ?is ?is    
,act4  7#c7 ,int]action ) regi/ration   
requirem5ts ,not)/&+ p>agraph 7#b71 an  
agricultural employ] or agricultural    
association %all n be subject to        
liability = any violation ( title ,i by 
a f>m labor contractor4  4  7f7         
,davis-,bacon ,act ,sub*apt] ,,iv (     
*apt] #ca ( title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates    
,code1 z am5d$ by section #ajb7;f77#e71 
is fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section   
#cadd;a ! foll[+3  #cadd;b4             
,applicability to multiple employ]s &   
relat$ entities  7a7 ,multiple employ]s 
7#a7 ,rule ( int]pretation ,?is         
subsection-- 7,a7 is to be read z an    

addition to1 & an augm5tation &         
expansion (1 all relevant judicial &    
ag5cy int]pretations 9 exi/5ce on ! date
 ( enactm5t ( ! ,work] ,flexibility &   
,small ,bus9ess ,protection ,act ( #bjbj
 reg>d+ :i* p]sons qualify z employ]s 9 
relation to a giv5 labor] or me*anic "u 
?is sub*apt]1 includ+ 9 a multiple      
employ] or jo9t employm5t /ructure2     
7,b7 %all n be int]pret$ by any c\rt or 
ag5cy z a re/riction on1 or n>r[+ (1 any
 su* int]pretations2 &  7,c7 is n a     
codification ( ! common law & %all n be 
int]pret$ to reflect1 or to be limit$ or
 re/rict$ by1 common law int]pretations 
reg>d+ :e!r a p]son is an employ] ( a   
giv5 labor] or me*anic or :e!r multiple 
p]sons are employ]s ( a labor] or       
me*anic4  7#b7 ,additional multiple     
employ] det]m9ations ,two or m p]sons1  
act+ directly or indirectly1 %all be    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is sub*apt] ) respect to a labor] or   
me*anic if-- 7,a7 "o ( ! p]sons is a    
contractor1 or subcontractor1 = a       

contract to :i* ?is sub*apt] applies & !
 labor] or me*anic is p]=m+ labor "u su*
 contract2  7,b7 ea* su* p]son directly 
or indirectly b5efits or seeks to       
directly or indirectly b5efit f !       
p]=mance ( labor by ! labor] or me*anic2
 &  7,c7 7i7 ea* su* p]son ex]ts actual 
direction or control1 directly or       
indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial t]m or      
condition ( employm5t ( ! labor] or     
me*anic1 includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2    
7ii7 ea* su* p]son ex]ts functional     
direction or control1 directly or       
indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial t]m or      
condition ( employm5t ( ! labor] or     
me*anic1 includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2    
7iii7 ea* su* p]son is legally capable1 
)\t reg>d z to :e!r su* capability is   
us$1 ( directly or indirectly-- 7,i7    
ex]t+ direction or control ov] any      
mat]ial t]m or condition ( employm5t ( !
 labor] or me*anic2  7,,ii7 ensur+      
compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is        
sub*apt] ) reg>d to ! labor] or         
me*anic's p]=mance ( su* labor2 or      

7,,iii7 uphold+ ! rights & protections (
 ?is sub*apt] ) reg>d to ! labor] or    
me*anic's p]=mance ( su* labor2 or  7iv7
 bas$ on an act or omission ( ! #b or m 
p]sons1 ! labor] or me*anic reasonably  
believ$ t su* p]sons 7 ! labor] or      
me*anic's employ]s & ! labor] or me*anic
 did n h actual k t any ( ! p]sons 7 n !
 labor] or me*anic's employ] "u ?is     
sub*apt]4  4  7g7 ,mc,namara-,o',h>a    
,s]vice ,contract ,act ,*apt] #fg (     
title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$
 by ins]t+ aft] section #fgja ! foll[+3 
#fgja;a4 ,applicability to multiple     
employ]s & relat$ entities  7a7         
,multiple employ]s  7#a7 ,rule (        
int]pretation ,?is subsection-- 7,a7 is 
to be read z an addition to1 & an       
augm5tation & expansion (1 all relevant 
judicial & ag5cy int]pretations 9       
exi/5ce on ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,work] 
,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess          
,protection ,act ( #bjbj reg>d+ :i*     
p]sons qualify z employ]s 9 relation to 
a giv5 s]vice employee "u ?is *apt]1    

includ+ 9 a multiple employ] or jo9t    
employm5t /ructure2  7,b7 %all n be     
int]pret$ by any c\rt or ag5cy z a      
re/riction on1 or n>r[+ (1 any su*      
int]pretations2 &  7,c7 is n a          
codification ( ! common law & %all n be 
int]pret$ to reflect1 or to be limit$ or
 re/rict$ by1 common law int]pretations 
reg>d+ :e!r a p]son is an employ] ( a   
giv5 s]vice employee or :e!r multiple   
p]sons are employ]s ( a s]vice employee4
  7#b7 ,additional multiple employ]     
det]m9ations ,two or m p]sons1 act+     
directly or indirectly1 %all be         
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is *apt] ) respect to a s]vice employee
 if-- 7,a7 "o ( ! p]sons is a           
contractor1 or subcontractor1 = a       
contract to :i* ?is *apt] applies & !   
s]vice employee is p]=m+ labor "u su*   
contract2  7,b7 ea* su* p]son directly  
or indirectly b5efits or seeks to       
directly or indirectly b5efit f !       
p]=mance ( labor by ! s]vice employee2 &
  7,c7 7i7 ea* su* p]son ex]ts actual   

direction or control1 directly or       
indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial t]m or      
condition ( employm5t ( ! s]vice        
employee1 includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2   
7ii7 ea* su* p]son ex]ts functional     
direction or control1 directly or       
indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial t]m or      
condition ( employm5t ( ! s]vice        
employee1 includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2   
7iii7 ea* su* p]son is legally capable1 
)\t reg>d z to :e!r su* capability is   
us$1 ( directly or indirectly-- 7,i7    
ex]t+ direction or control ov] any      
mat]ial t]m or condition ( employm5t ( !
 s]vice employee2  7,,ii7 ensur+        
compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is *apt] )
 reg>d to ! s]vice employee's p]=mance (
 su* labor2 or  7,,iii7 uphold+ ! rights
 & protections ( ?is *apt] ) reg>d to ! 
s]vice employee's p]=mance ( su* labor2 
or  7iv7 bas$ on an act or omission ( ! 
#b or m p]sons1 ! s]vice employee       
reasonably believ$ t su* p]sons 7 !     
s]vice employee's employ]s & ! s]vice   
employee did n h actual k t any ( !     

p]sons 7 n ! s]vice employee's employ]  
"u ?is *apt]4  4  7h7 ,wal%-,healey     
,public ,contracts ,act ,*apt] #fe (    
title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$
 by ins]t+ aft] section #feja;a !       
foll[+3  #feja;b4 ,applicability to     
multiple employ]s & relat$ entities  7a7
 ,multiple employ]s  7#a7 ,rule (       
int]pretation ,?is subsection-- 7,a7 is 
to be read z an addition to1 & an       
augm5tation & expansion (1 all relevant 
judicial & ag5cy int]pretations 9       
exi/5ce on ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,work] 
,flexibility & ,small ,bus9ess          
,protection ,act ( #bjbj reg>d+ :i*     
p]sons qualify z employ]s 9 relation to 
a giv5 individual p]=m+ labor 9 !       
manufacture or furni%+ ( mat]ials1      
supplies1 articles1 or equipm5t "u a    
contract subject to ?is *apt]1 includ+ 9
 a multiple employ] or jo9t employm5t   
/ructure2  7,b7 %all n be int]pret$ by  
any c\rt or ag5cy z a re/riction on1 or 
n>r[+ (1 any su* int]pretations2 &  7,c7
 is n a codification ( ! common law &   

%all n be int]pret$ to reflect1 or to be
 limit$ or re/rict$ by1 common law      
int]pretations reg>d+ :e!r a p]son is an
 employ] ( an individual describ$ 9     
subp>agraph 7,a7 or :e!r multiple p]sons
 are employ]s ( su* individual4  7#b7   
,additional multiple employ]            
det]m9ations ,two or m p]sons1 act+     
directly or indirectly1 %all be         
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is *apt] ) respect to an individual    
if-- 7,a7 "o ( ! p]sons is a contractor 
= a contract to :i* ?is *apt] applies & 
! individual is p]=m+ labor 9 !         
manufacture or furni%+ ( mat]ials1      
supplies1 articles1 or equipm5t "u !    
contract2  7,b7 ea* su* p]son directly  
or indirectly b5efits or seeks to       
directly or indirectly b5efit f su*     
p]=mance ( labor by ! individual2 &     
7,c7 7i7 ea* su* p]son ex]ts actual     
direction or control1 directly or       
indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial t]m or      
condition ( employm5t ( ! individual2   
7ii7 ea* su* p]son ex]ts functional     

direction or control1 directly or       
indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial t]m or      
condition ( employm5t ( ! individual1   
includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2  7iii7 ea*  
su* p]son is legally capable1 )\t reg>d 
z to :e!r su* capability is us$1 (      
directly or indirectly-- 7,i7 ex]t+     
direction or control ov] any mat]ial t]m
 or condition ( employm5t ( !           
individual2  7,,ii7 ensur+ compliance ) 
! requirem5ts ( ?is *apt] ) reg>d to !  
individual's p]=mance ( su* labor2 or   
7,,iii7 uphold+ ! rights & protections (
 ?is *apt] ) reg>d to ! individual's    
p]=mance ( su* labor2 or  7iv7 bas$ on  
an act or omission ( ! #b or m p]sons1 !
 individual reasonably believ$ t su*    
p]sons 7 ! individual's employ]s & !    
individual did n h actual k t any ( !   
p]sons 7 n ! individual's employ] "u ?is
 *apt]4  4  7i7 ,family & ,m$ical ,leave
 ,act ( #aiic ,section #aja7d7 ( !      
,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfaa7d771 z am5d$ by    
section #ajb7;h77#c71 is fur!r am5d$ by 

add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,d7 ,multiple 
employ]s  7i7 ,rule ( int]pretation ,?is
 subp>agraph-- 7,i7 is to be read z an  
addition to1 & an augm5tation &         
expansion (1 all relevant judicial &    
ag5cy int]pretations 9 exi/5ce on ! date
 ( enactm5t ( ! ,work] ,flexibility &   
,small ,bus9ess ,protection ,act ( #bjbj
 reg>d+ :i* p]sons qualify z employ]s 9 
relation to a giv5 employee "u ?is ,act1
 includ+ 9 a multiple employ] or jo9t   
employm5t /ructure2  7,,ii7 %all n be   
int]pret$ by any c\rt or ag5cy z a      
re/riction on1 or n>r[+ (1 any su*      
int]pretations2 &  7,,iii7 is n a       
codification ( ! common law & %all n be 
int]pret$ to reflect1 or to be limit$ or
 re/rict$ by1 common law int]pretations 
reg>d+ :e!r a p]son is an employ] ( a   
giv5 employee or :e!r multiple p]sons   
are employ]s ( a giv5 employee4  7ii7 ,9
 g5]al ,two or m p]sons %all be employ]s
 ) respect to an employee if ea* su*    
p]son individually1 act+ directly or    
indirectly1 is an employ]1 bas$ on & 9  

accordance ) ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m employ] 
"u subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,b7 ( ?is       
p>agraph1 & ! def9itions ( employ &     
employee "u p>agraph 7#c74  7iii7       
,additional multiple employ]            
det]m9ations ,not)/&+ clause 7ii71 #b or
 m p]sons %all be employ]s1 act+        
directly or indirectly1 ) respect to an 
employee if-- 7,i7 ea* su* p]son        
directly or indirectly b5efits or seeks 
to directly or indirectly b5efit f !    
p]=mance ( labor by an employee2 &      
7,,ii7 7aa7 ea* su* p]son ex]ts actual  
direction or control1 directly or       
indirectly1 ov] any mat]ial t]m or      
condition ( employm5t ( ! employee1     
includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2  7bb7 ea*   
su* p]son ex]ts functional direction or 
control1 directly or indirectly1 ov] any
 mat]ial t]m or condition ( employm5t ( 
! employee1 includ+ ?r\gh an int]m$i>y2 
7cc7 ea* su* p]son is legally capable1  
)\t reg>d z to :e!r su* capability is   
us$1 ( directly or indirectly-- 7,,aa7  
ex]t+ direction or control ov] any      

mat]ial t]m or condition ( employm5t ( !
 employee2 7,,bb7 ensur+ compliance ) ! 
requirem5ts ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to !     
employee2 or 7,,cc7 uphold+ ! rights &  
protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to !     
employee2 or  7dd7 bas$ on an act or    
omission ( ! #b or m p]sons1 ! employee 
reasonably believ$ t su* p]sons 7 !     
employee's employ]s & ! employee did n h
 actual k t any ( ! p]sons 7 n !        
employee's employ] "u ?is ,act4  4  7j7 
,f$]al ,unemploym5t ,tax ,act 7,,futa7  
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #ccjf7w7 ( !     
,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf1 z add$  
by section #ajb7;j71 is am5d$ by add+ at
 ! end ! foll[+ new p>agraph3  7#c7     
,p>agraph 7#e7 ( section #c7;d7 ( su*   
,act4  4  7#b7 ,effective date ,!       
am5dm5t made by p>agraph 7#a7 %all apply
 to s]vices r5d]$ on or aft] ,janu>y #a1
 #bjbb4  #bjb4 ,massive corporations    
7a7 ,jo9t responsibility = all corporate
 family employees  7#a7 ,fair ,labor    
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich ,section #c7;d7 ( ! 
,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi   

,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7;d771 z am5d$ by section 
#bja7;a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7#f7 ,subsidi>ies ,an    
employ] %all also be responsible = !    
rights & protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d 
to an employee ( a subsidi>y ( !        
employ]1 or subsidi>y "u a subsidi>y1 9 
any case :]e ! subsidi>y is responsible 
= ! rights & protections ( ?is ,act = ! 
employee4  4  7#b7 ,national ,labor     
,relations ,act ,section #b7b7 ( !      
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #aeb7b771 z am5d$ by section  
#bja7;b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7,d7 ,subsidi>ies ,an    
employ] %all also be responsible = !    
rights & protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d 
to an employee ( a subsidi>y ( !        
employ]1 or subsidi>y "u a subsidi>y1 9 
any case :]e ! subsidi>y is responsible 
= ! rights & protections ( ?is ,act = ! 
employee4  4  7#c7 ,occupational ,safety
 & ,heal? ,act ( #aigj ,section #c7e7 ( 
! ,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act ( 
#aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #feb7e771 z am5d$  

by section #bja7;c71 is fur!r am5d$ by  
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,e7           
,subsidi>ies ,an employ] %all also be   
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to an employee ( a     
subsidi>y ( ! employ]1 or subsidi>y "u a
 subsidi>y1 9 any case :]e ! subsidi>y  
is responsible = ! rights & protections 
( ?is ,act = ! employee4  4  7#d7 ,f$]al
 ,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigg     
,section #d;,b ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety &
 ,heal? ,act ( #aigg1 z add$ by section 
#bja7;d71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7b7 ,subsidi>ies ,an     
employ] %all also be responsible = !    
rights & protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d 
to a m9] ( a coal or o!r m9e :o is an   
employee ( a subsidi>y ( ! employ]1 or  
subsidi>y "u a subsidi>y1 9 any case :]e
 ! subsidi>y is responsible = ! rights &
 protections ( ?is ,act = ! m9]4  4     
7#e7 ,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural 
,work] ,protection ,act ,section #e7;c7 
( ! ,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural  
,work] ,protection ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4  

#ahjc7;c771 z add$ by section #bja7;e71 
is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7#d7 ,subsidi>ies ,an entity   
%all also be responsible = ! rights &   
protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to an    
individual :o is a migrant agricultural 
work] or seasonal agricultural work]    
employ$ by a f>m labor contractor1      
agricultural employ]1 or agricultural   
association1 t is a subsidi>y ( !       
entity1 or a subsidi>y "u su* a         
subsidi>y1 9 any case :]e ! subsidi>y is
 responsible = ! rights & protections ( 
?is ,act = ! migrant agricultural work] 
or seasonal agricultural work]4  4  7#f7
 ,davis-,bacon ,act ,section #cadd;b (  
title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z add$  
by section #bja7;f71 is fur!r am5d$ by  
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7b7            
,subsidi>ies ,an entity %all also be    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is sub*apt] ) reg>d to a labor] or     
me*anic employ$ by a contractor or any  
subcontractor t is a subsidi>y ( !      
entity1 or a subsidi>y "u su* a         

subsidi>y1 9 any case :]e ! subsidi>y is
 responsible = ! rights & protections ( 
?is sub*apt] = ! labor] or me*anic4  4  
7#g7 ,mc,namara-,o',h>a ,s]vice         
,contract ,act ,section #fgja;a ( title 
#da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z add$ by     
section #bja7;g71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+
 at ! end ! foll[+3  7b7 ,subsidi>ies   
,an entity %all also be responsible = ! 
rights & protections ( ?is *apt] ) reg>d
 to a s]vice employee ( a contractor t  
is a subsidi>y ( ! entity1 or a         
subsidi>y "u su* a subsidi>y1 9 any case
 :]e ! subsidi>y is responsible = !     
rights & protections ( ?is *apt] = !    
s]vice employee4  4  7#h7 ,wal%-,healey 
,public ,contracts ,act ,section #feja;b
 ( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z    
add$ by section #bja7;h71 is fur!r am5d$
 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7b7        
,subsidi>ies ,an entity %all also be    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is *apt] ) reg>d to an individual      
employ$ by a contractor t is a subsidi>y
 ( ! entity1 or a subsidi>y "u su* a    

subsidi>y1 9 any case :]e ! subsidi>y is
 responsible = ! rights & protections ( 
?is *apt] = ! individual4  4  7#i7      
,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic   
,section #aja7d7 ( ! ,family & ,m$ical  
,leave ,act ( #aiic 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4      
#bfaa7d771 z am5d$ by section #bja7;i71 
is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7,e7 ,subsidi>ies ,an employ]  
%all also be responsible = ! rights &   
protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to an    
employee ( a subsidi>y ( ! employ]1 or  
subsidi>y "u a subsidi>y1 9 any case :]e
 ! subsidi>y is responsible = ! rights &
 protections ( ?is ,act = ! employee4  4
  7#aj7 ,f$]al ,unemploym5t ,tax ,act   
7,,futa7  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,section        
#ccjf7w7 ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code (   
#aihf1 z am5d$ by section #bja7;j71 is  
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new     
p>agraph3  7#d7 ,p>agraph 7#f7 ( section
 #c7;d7 ( su* ,act4  4  7,b7 ,effective 
date ,! am5dm5t made by subp>agraph 7,a7
 %all apply to s]vices r5d]$ on or aft] 
,janu>y #a1 #bjbb4  7b7 ,jo9t           

responsibility z own]s1 directors1      
(fic]s1 & manag+ ag5ts  7#a7 ,fair      
,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich ,section #af 
( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich    
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baf71 z am5d$ by section
 #ajb7;a77#h77;,c71 is fur!r am5d$ by   
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7g7 ,own]s1    
directors1 (fic]s1 & manag+ ag5ts  7#a7 
,9 g5]al ,9 any action or proce$+ = a   
violation ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y or    
c\rt may also assess a civil p5alty =   
su* violation aga9/ an own]1 director1  
(fic]1 or manag+ ag5t ( ! employ] if !  
,secret>y or c\rt det]m9es1 bas$ on !   
p>ticul> facts & circum/ances pres5t$1 t
 p]sonal liability = ! violation is     
w>rant$ because ! own]1 director1 (fic]1
 or manag+ ag5t-- 7,a7 direct$ or       
committ$ ! violation2  7,b7 e/abli%$ a  
policy t l$ to su* a violation2 or  7,c7
 _h actual or con/ructive k ( !         
violation1 _h ! au?ority to prev5t !    
violation1 & fail$ to prev5t !          
violation4  7#b7 ,am\nt ( civil p5alty  
,! am\nt (1 or range =1 a civil p5alty =

 a violation "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all1 9   
any case :]e a simil> civil p5alty aga9/
 ! employ] is e/abli%$ by law1 be !     
am\nt or range = ! civil p5alty t may be
 assess$ aga9/ ! employ] = su*          
violation4  4  7#b7 ,national ,labor    
,relations ,act ,section #ab ( !        
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #afb71 z am5d$ by section     
#ajb7;b77#g77;,b71 is fur!r am5d$ by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7e7 ,own]s1    
directors1 (fic]s1 & manag+ ag5ts  7#a7 
,9 g5]al ,9 any action or proce$+ = a   
violation ( ?is ,act1 ! ,bo>d or c\rt   
may also assess a civil p5alty = su*    
violation aga9/ an own]1 director1      
(fic]1 or manag+ ag5t ( ! employ] if !  
,bo>d or c\rt det]m9es1 bas$ on !       
p>ticul> facts & circum/ances pres5t$1 t
 p]sonal liability = ! violation is     
w>rant$ because ! own]1 director1 (fic]1
 or manag+ ag5t-- 7,a7 direct$ or       
committ$ ! violation2  7,b7 e/abli%$ a  
policy t l$ to su* a violation2 or  7,c7
 _h actual or con/ructive k ( !         

violation1 _h ! au?ority to prev5t !    
violation1 & fail$ to prev5t !          
violation4  7#b7 ,am\nt ( civil p5alty  
,! am\nt (1 or range =1 a civil p5alty =
 a violation "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all1 9   
any case :]e a simil> civil p5alty aga9/
 ! employ] is e/abli%$ by law1 be !     
am\nt or range = ! civil p5alty t may be
 assess$ aga9/ ! employ] = su*          
violation4  4  7#c7 ,occupational       
,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigj ,section  
#ag ( ! ,occupational ,safety & ,heal?  
,act ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #fff71 z    
am5d$ by section #ajb7;c77#g77;,b71 is  
am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7k7 !   
foll[+3  7m7 ,own]s1 directors1 (fic]s1 
& manag+ ag5ts  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any    
action or proce$+ = a violation ( ?is   
,act1 includ+ any /&>d1 rule1           
regulation1 or ord] promulgat$ pursuant 
to ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y or c\rt may    
also assess a civil p5alty = su*        
violation aga9/ an own]1 director1      
(fic]1 or manag+ ag5t ( ! employ] if !  
,secret>y or c\rt det]m9es1 bas$ on !   

p>ticul> facts & circum/ances pres5t$1 t
 p]sonal liability = ! violation is     
w>rant$ because ! own]1 director1 (fic]1
 or manag+ ag5t-- 7,a7 direct$ or       
committ$ ! violation2  7,b7 e/abli%$ a  
policy t l$ to su* a violation2 or  7,c7
 _h actual or con/ructive k ( !         
violation1 _h ! au?ority to prev5t !    
violation1 & fail$ to prev5t !          
violation4  7#b7 ,am\nt ( civil p5alty  
,! am\nt (1 or range =1 a civil p5alty =
 a violation "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all1 9   
any case :]e a simil> civil p5alty aga9/
 ! employ] is e/abli%$ by law1 be !     
am\nt or range = ! civil p5alty t may be
 assess$ aga9/ ! employ] = su*          
violation4  4  7#d7 ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety 
& ,heal? ,act ( #aigg  7,a7 ,9 g5]al    
,title ,i ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety &     
,heal? ,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4      
#hbj71 z am5d$ by section #ajb7;d71 is  
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  
#aah4 ,liability ( own]s1 directors1    
(fic]s1 manag+ ag5ts1 & l>ge %>ehold]s2 
indemnification  7a7 ,own]s1 directors1 

(fic]s1 & manag+ ag5ts  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9
 any action or proce$+ = a violation (  
?is ,act includ+ any m&atory heal? or   
safety /&>d1 rule1 ord]1 or regulation  
promulgat$ pursuant to ?is ,act1 !      
,secret>y or c\rt may also assess a     
civil p5alty aga9/ an own]1 director1   
(fic]1 or manag+ ag5t ( ! op]ator or    
employ] if ! ,secret>y or c\rt det]m9es1
 bas$ on ! p>ticul> facts & circum/ances
 pres5t$1 t p]sonal liability = !       
violation is w>rant$ because ! own]1    
director1 (fic]1 or manag+ ag5t-- 7,a7  
direct$ or committ$ ! violation2  7,b7  
e/abli%$ a policy t l$ to su* a         
violation2 or  7,c7 _h actual or        
con/ructive k ( ! violation1 _h !       
au?ority to prev5t ! violation1 & fail$ 
to prev5t ! violation4  7#b7 ,am\nt (   
civil p5alty ,! am\nt (1 or range =1 a  
civil p5alty = a violation "u p>agraph  
7#a7 %all1 9 any case :]e a simil> civil
 p5alty aga9/ ! employ] is e/abli%$ by  
law1 be ! am\nt or range = ! civil      
p5alty t may be assess$ aga9/ ! employ] 

= su* violation4  4  7#e7 ,migrant &    
,seasonal ,agricultural ,work]          
,protection ,act ,title ,v ( ! ,migrant 
& ,seasonal ,agricultural ,work]        
,protection ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ahea et
 seq471 z am5d$ by section              
#ajb7;e77#e77;,a71 is fur!r am5d$ by    
ins]t+ aft] section #ejd ! foll[+3      
#eje4 ,liability ( own]s1 directors1    
(fic]s1 manag+ ag5ts1 & l>ge %>ehold]s2 
indemnification  7a7 ,civil p5alty      
liability = own]s1 directors1 (fic]s1 & 
manag+ ag5ts ( f>m labor contractors1   
agricultural employ]s1 or agricultural  
associations  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any      
action or proce$+ = a violation ( ?is   
,act1 includ+ any regulation "u ?is     
,act1 by a f>m labor contractor1        
agricultural employ]1 or agricultural   
association1 ! ,secret>y or c\rt may    
also assess a civil p5alty = su*        
violation aga9/ an own]1 director1      
(fic]1 or manag+ ag5t ( ! f>m labor     
contractor1 agricultural employ]1 or    
agricultural association if ! ,secret>y 

or c\rt det]m9es1 bas$ on ! p>ticul>    
facts & circum/ances pres5t$1 t p]sonal 
liability = ! violation is w>rant$      
because ! own]1 director1 (fic]1 or     
manag+ ag5t-- 7,a7 direct$ or committ$ !
 violation2  7,b7 e/abli%$ a policy t l$
 to su* a violation2 or  7,c7 _h actual 
or con/ructive k ( ! violation1 _h !    
au?ority to prev5t ! violation1 & fail$ 
to prev5t ! violation4  7#b7 ,am\nt (   
civil p5alty ,! am\nt (1 or range =1 a  
civil p5alty = a violation "u p>agraph  
7#a7 %all1 9 any case :]e a simil> civil
 p5alty aga9/ ! employ] is e/abli%$ by  
law1 be ! am\nt or range = ! civil      
p5alty t may be assess$ aga9/ ! employ] 
= su* violation4  4  7#f7 ,davis-,bacon 
,act ,section #cadd;c ( title #dj1      
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section 
#ajb7;f77#f71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7d7 ,civil p5alty      
liability = own]s1 directors1 (fic]s1 & 
manag+ ag5ts  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any      
action or proce$+ = a violation ( ?is   
sub*apt]1 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor or c\rt  

may also assess a civil p5alty = su*    
violation aga9/ an own]1 director1      
(fic]1 or manag+ ag5t ( ! contractor or 
subcontractor if ! ,secret>y or c\rt    
det]m9es1 bas$ on ! p>ticul> facts &    
circum/ances pres5t$1 t p]sonal         
liability = ! violation is w>rant$      
because ! own]1 director1 (fic]1 or     
manag+ ag5t-- 7,a7 direct$ or committ$ !
 violation2  7,b7 e/abli%$ a policy t l$
 to su* a violation2 or  7,c7 _h actual 
or con/ructive k ( ! violation1 _h !    
au?ority to prev5t ! violation1 & fail$ 
to prev5t ! violation4  7#b7 ,am\nt (   
civil p5alty ,! am\nt (1 or range =1 a  
civil p5alty = a violation "u p>agraph  
7#a7 %all1 9 any case :]e a simil> civil
 p5alty aga9/ ! employ] is e/abli%$ by  
law1 be ! am\nt or range = ! civil      
p5alty t may be assess$ aga9/ !         
contractor or subcontractor = su*       
violation4  4  7#g7 ,mc,namara-,o',h>a  
,s]vice ,contract ,act ,*apt] #fg (     
title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is      
am5d$-- 7,a7 by r$esignat+ sections     

#fgje1 #fgjf1 & #fgjg z sections #fgjf1 
#fgjh1 & #fgji1 respectively2 &  7,b7 by
 ins]t+ aft] section #fgjf ! foll[+3    
#fgjg4 ,civil p5alties assess$ aga9/    
own]s1 directors1 (fic]s1 manag+ ag5ts1 
& l>ge %>ehold]s2 indemnification  7a7  
,civil p5alty liability = own]s1        
directors1 (fic]s1 & manag+ ag5ts  7#a7 
,9 g5]al ,9 any action or proce$+ = a   
violation ( ?is *apt]1 ! ,secret>y or   
c\rt may also assess a civil p5alty =   
su* violation aga9/ an own]1 director1  
(fic]1 or manag+ ag5t ( ! contractor if 
! ,secret>y or c\rt det]m9es1 bas$ on ! 
p>ticul> facts & circum/ances pres5t$1 t
 p]sonal liability = ! violation is     
w>rant$ because ! own]1 director1 (fic]1
 or manag+ ag5t-- 7,a7 direct$ or       
committ$ ! violation2  7,b7 e/abli%$ a  
policy t l$ to su* a violation2 or  7,c7
 _h actual or con/ructive k ( !         
violation1 _h ! au?ority to prev5t !    
violation1 & fail$ to prev5t !          
violation4  7#b7 ,am\nt ( civil p5alty  
,! am\nt (1 or range =1 a civil p5alty =

 a violation "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all1 9   
any case :]e a simil> civil p5alty aga9/
 ! employ] is e/abli%$ by law1 be !     
am\nt or range = ! civil p5alty t may be
 assess$ aga9/ ! contractor = su*       
violation4  4  7#h7 ,wal%-,healey       
,public ,contracts ,act ,section #fejf;b
 ( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z    
am5d$ by section #ajb7;g77#f71 is fur!r 
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7d7   
,civil p5alties assess$ aga9/ own]s1    
directors1 (fic]s1 manag+ ag5ts1 & l>ge 
%>ehold]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any action  
or proce$+ = a violation ( ?is *apt]1 ! 
,secret>y or c\rt may also assess a     
civil p5alty = su* violation aga9/ an   
own]1 director1 (fic]1 or manag+ ag5t ( 
! contractor if ! ,secret>y or c\rt     
det]m9es1 bas$ on ! p>ticul> facts &    
circum/ances pres5t$1 t p]sonal         
liability = ! violation is w>rant$      
because ! own]1 director1 (fic]1 or     
manag+ ag5t-- 7,a7 direct$ or committ$ !
 violation2  7,b7 e/abli%$ a policy t l$
 to su* a violation2 or  7,c7 _h actual 

or con/ructive k ( ! violation1 _h !    
au?ority to prev5t ! violation1 & fail$ 
to prev5t ! violation4  7#b7 ,am\nt (   
civil p5alty ,! am\nt (1 or range =1 a  
civil p5alty = a violation "u p>agraph  
7#a7 %all1 9 any case :]e a simil> civil
 p5alty aga9/ ! employ] is e/abli%$ by  
law1 be ! am\nt or range = ! civil      
p5alty t may be assess$ aga9/ !         
contractor = su* violation4  4  7#i7    
,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic   
,section #ajg ( ! ,family & ,m$ical     
,leave ,act ( #aiic 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      
#bfag7 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by r$esignat+    
subsections 7e7 & 7f7 z subsections 7i7 
& 7j71 respectively2 &  7,b7 by ins]t+  
aft] subsection 7d7 ! foll[+3  7e7      
,own]s1 directors1 (fic]s1 & manag+     
ag5ts  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any action or   
proce$+ = a violation ( ?is ,act1 !     
,secret>y or c\rt may also assess a     
civil p5alty = su* violation aga9/ an   
own]1 director1 (fic]1 or manag+ ag5t ( 
! employ] if ! ,secret>y or c\rt        
det]m9es1 bas$ on ! p>ticul> facts &    

circum/ances pres5t$1 t p]sonal         
liability = ! violation is w>rant$      
because ! own]1 director1 (fic]1 or     
manag+ ag5t-- 7,a7 direct$ or committ$ !
 violation2  7,b7 e/abli%$ a policy t l$
 to su* a violation2 or  7,c7 _h actual 
or con/ructive k ( ! violation1 _h !    
au?ority to prev5t ! violation1 & fail$ 
to prev5t ! violation4  7#b7 ,am\nt (   
civil p5alty ,! am\nt (1 or range =1 a  
civil p5alty = a violation "u p>agraph  
7#a7 %all1 9 any case :]e a simil> civil
 p5alty aga9/ ! employ] is e/abli%$ by  
law1 be ! am\nt or range = ! civil      
p5alty t may be assess$ aga9/ ! employ] 
= su* violation4  4  7c7                
,responsibilities ( #aj l>ge/ %>ehold]s 
7#a7 ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich   
,section #af ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds    
,act ( #aich 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #baf71 z    
am5d$ by subsection 7b77#a71 is fur!r   
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7h7   
,jo9t liability ( l>ge %>ehold]s  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,9 any action or proce$+ = a   
violation ( ?is ,act1 ! #aj l>ge/       

%>ehold]s ( an employ]1 z det]m9$ by !  
fair value = _! b5eficial int]e/ z ( !  
beg9n+ ( ! p]iod dur+ :i* ! violation   
occurr$1 %all-- 7,a7 jo9tly & sev]ally  
be p]sonally liable = all violations (  
?is ,act & = all damages aw>d$ & civil  
p5alties assess$ = violations ( ?is     
,act2 &  7,b7 not)/&+ subp>agraph 7,a71 
be p]sonally responsible = #aj p]c5t (  
any damages1 civil p5alties1 or o!r     
re/itution or fees assess$ aga9/ !      
employ] = ! violations1 ) ! employ]     
responsible = n m ?an #ij p]c5t4  7#b7  
,no reimbursem5t ,an employ] may n      
refund 9 any way any am\nts paid by a   
%>ehold] "u p>agraph 7#a74  4  7#b7     
,national ,labor ,relations ,act        
,section #ab ( ! ,national ,labor       
,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #afb71 z 
am5d$ by subsection 7b77#b71 is fur!r   
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7f7   
,jo9t liability ( l>ge %>ehold]s  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,9 any action or proce$+ = a   
violation ( ?is ,act1 ! #aj l>ge/       
%>ehold]s ( an employ]1 z det]m9$ by !  

fair value = _! b5eficial int]e/ z ( !  
beg9n+ ( ! p]iod dur+ :i* ! violation   
occurr$1 %all-- 7,a7 jo9tly & sev]ally  
be p]sonally liable = all violations (  
?is ,act & = all damages aw>d$ & civil  
p5alties assess$ = violations ( ?is     
,act2 &  7,b7 not)/&+ subp>agraph 7,a71 
be p]sonally responsible = #aj p]c5t (  
any damages1 civil p5alties1 or o!r     
re/itution or fees assess$ aga9/ !      
employ] = ! violations1 ) ! employ]     
responsible = n m ?an #ij p]c5t4  7#b7  
,no reimbursem5t ,an employ] may n      
refund 9 any way any am\nts paid by a   
%>ehold] "u p>agraph 7#a74  4  7#c7     
,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   
#aigj ,section #ag ( ! ,occupational    
,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigj 7#bi      
,u4,s4,c4 #fff71 z am5d$ by subsection  
7b77#c71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end
 ! foll[+3  7n7 ,jo9t liability ( l>ge  
%>ehold]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any action  
or proce$+ = a violation ( ?is ,act1    
includ+ any /&>d1 rule1 regulation1 or  
ord] promulgat$ pursuant to ?is ,act1 ! 

#aj l>ge/ %>ehold]s ( an employ]1 z     
det]m9$ by ! fair value = _! b5eficial  
int]e/ z ( ! beg9n+ ( ! p]iod dur+ :i* !
 violation occurr$1 %all-- 7,a7 jo9tly &
 sev]ally be p]sonally liable = all     
violations ( ?is ,act & = all damages   
aw>d$ & civil p5alties assess$ =        
violations ( ?is ,act2 &  7,b7 not)/&+  
subp>agraph 7,a71 be p]sonally          
responsible = #aj p]c5t ( any damages1  
civil p5alties1 or o!r re/itution or    
fees assess$ aga9/ ! employ] = !        
violations1 ) ! employ] responsible = n 
m ?an #ij p]c5t4  7#b7 ,no reimbursem5t 
,an employ] may n refund 9 any way any  
am\nts paid by a %>ehold] "u p>agraph   
7#a74  4  7#d7 ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety &    
,heal? ,act ( #aigg ,section #aah ( !   
,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act (     
#aigg1 z add$ by subsection 7b77#d71 is 
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  
7b7 ,jo9t liability ( l>ge %>ehold]s    
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any action or proce$+ =
 a violation ( ?is ,act1 includ+ any    
m&atory heal? or safety /&>d1 rule1     

ord]1 or regulation promulgat$ pursuant 
to ?is ,act1 ! #aj l>ge/ %>ehold]s ( an 
op]ator ( a coal or o!r m9e1 z det]m9$  
by ! fair value = _! b5eficial int]e/ z 
( ! beg9n+ ( ! p]iod dur+ :i* su*       
violation occurr$1 %all-- 7,a7 jo9tly & 
sev]ally be p]sonally liable = all su*  
violations1 & = all damages aw>d$ &     
civil p5alties assess$ = su* violations2
 &  7,b7 not)/&+ subp>agraph 7,a71 be   
p]sonally responsible = #aj p]c5t ( any 
damages1 civil p5alties1 or o!r         
re/itution or fees assess$ aga9/ !      
op]ator = all violations1 ) ! op]ator   
responsible = n m ?an #ij p]c5t4  7#b7  
,no reimbursem5t ,an op]ator may n      
refund 9 any way any am\nts paid by a   
%>ehold] "u p>agraph 7#a74  4  7#e7     
,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural      
,work] ,protection ,act ,section #eje ( 
! ,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural    
,work] ,protection ,act1 z add$ by      
subsection 7b77#e71 is fur!r am5d$ by   
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7b7 ,jo9t      
liability ( l>ge %>ehold]s  7#a7 ,9     

g5]al ,9 any action or proce$+ = a      
violation ( ?is ,act1 includ+ any       
regulation "u ?is ,act1 ! #aj l>ge/     
%>ehold]s ( a f>m labor contractor1     
agricultural employ]1 or agricultural   
association1 z det]m9$ by ! fair value =
 _! b5eficial int]e/ z ( ! beg9n+ ( !   
p]iod dur+ :i* su* violation occurr$1   
%all-- 7,a7 jo9tly & sev]ally be        
p]sonally liable = all violations ( ?is 
,act1 includ+ any regulation "u ?is     
,act1 & = all damages aw>d$ & civil     
p5alties assess$ = su* violations2 &    
7,b7 not)/&+ subp>agraph 7,a71 be       
p]sonally responsible = #aj p]c5t ( any 
damages1 civil p5alties1 or o!r         
re/itution or fees assess$ aga9/ ! f>m  
labor contractor1 agricultural employ]1 
or agricultural association = all       
violations1 ) ! f>m labor contractor1   
agricultural employ]1 or agricultural   
association 7respectively7 responsible =
 n m ?an #ij p]c5t4  7#b7 ,no           
reimbursem5t ,a f>m labor contractor1   
agricultural employ]1 or agricultural   

association may n refund 9 any way any  
am\nts paid by a %>ehold] "u p>agraph   
7#a74  4  7#f7 ,davis-,bacon ,act       
,section #cadd;c ( title #dj1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by subsection     
7b77#f71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end
 ! foll[+3  7e7 ,jo9t liability ( l>ge  
%>ehold]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any action  
or proce$+ = a violation ( ?is sub*apt]1
 ! #aj l>ge/ %>ehold]s ( a contractor or
 subcontractor1 z det]m9$ by ! fair     
value = _! b5eficial int]e/ z ( ! beg9n+
 ( ! p]iod dur+ :i* ! violation occurr$1
 %all-- 7,a7 jo9tly & sev]ally be       
p]sonally liable = all violations ( ?is 
sub*apt]1 & = all damages aw>d$ & civil 
p5alties assess$ = violations ( ?is     
sub*apt]2 &  7,b7 not)/&+ subp>agraph   
7,a71 be p]sonally responsible = #aj    
p]c5t ( any damages1 civil p5alties1 or 
o!r re/itution or fees assess$ aga9/ !  
contractor or subcontractor = !         
violations1 ) ! contractor or           
subcontractor responsible = n m ?an #ij 
p]c5t4  7#b7 ,no reimbursem5t ,a        

contractor or subcontractor may n refund
 9 any way any am\nts paid by a %>ehold]
 "u p>agraph 7#a74  4  7#g7             
,mc,namara-,o',h>a ,s]vice ,contract    
,act ,section #fgjg ( title #da1 ,unit$ 
,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by subsection     
7b77#g77;,a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7b7 ,jo9t liability (  
l>ge %>ehold]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 any    
action or proce$+ = a violation ( ?is   
*apt]1 ! #aj l>ge/ %>ehold]s ( a        
contractor1 z det]m9$ by ! fair value = 
_! b5eficial int]e/ z ( ! beg9n+ ( !    
p]iod dur+ :i* ! violation occurr$1     
%all-- 7,a7 jo9tly & sev]ally be        
p]sonally liable = all violations ( ?is 
*apt]1 & = all damages aw>d$ & civil    
p5alties assess$ = violations ( ?is     
*apt]2 &  7,b7 not)/&+ subp>agraph 7,a71
 be p]sonally responsible = #aj p]c5t ( 
any damages1 civil p5alties1 or o!r     
re/itution or fees assess$ aga9/ !      
contractor = ! violations1 ) !          
contractor responsible = n m ?an #ij    
p]c5t4  7#b7 ,no reimbursem5t ,a        

contractor may n refund 9 any way any   
am\nts paid by a %>ehold] "u p>agraph   
7#a74  4  7#h7 ,wal%-,healey ,public    
,contracts ,act ,section #fejf;b ( title
 #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by   
subsection 7b77#h71 is fur!r am5d$ by   
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7e7 ,jo9t      
liability ( l>ge %>ehold]s  7#a7 ,9     
g5]al ,9 any action or proce$+ = a      
violation ( ?is *apt]1 ! #aj l>ge/      
%>ehold]s ( a contractor1 z det]m9$ by !
 fair value = _! b5eficial int]e/ z ( ! 
beg9n+ ( ! p]iod dur+ :i* ! violation   
occurr$1 %all-- 7,a7 jo9tly & sev]ally  
be p]sonally liable = all violations (  
?is *apt]1 & = all damages aw>d$ & civil
 p5alties assess$ = violations ( ?is    
*apt]2 &  7,b7 not)/&+ subp>agraph 7,a71
 be p]sonally responsible = #aj p]c5t ( 
any damages1 civil p5alties1 or o!r     
re/itution or fees assess$ aga9/ !      
contractor = ! violations1 ) !          
contractor responsible = n m ?an #ij    
p]c5t4  7#b7 ,no reimbursem5t ,a        
contractor may n refund 9 any way any   

am\nts paid by a %>ehold] "u p>agraph   
7#a74  4  7#i7 ,family & ,m$ical ,leave 
,act ( #aiic ,section #ajg ( ! ,family &
 ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic 7#bi       
,u4,s4,c4 #bfag71 z am5d$ by subsection 
7b77#i71 is fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ aft]  
subsection 7e7 ! foll[+3  7f7 ,jo9t     
liability ( l>ge %>ehold]s  7#a7 ,9     
g5]al ,9 any action or proce$+ = a      
violation ( ?is ,act1 ! #aj l>ge/       
%>ehold]s ( an employ]1 z det]m9$ by !  
fair value = _! b5eficial int]e/ z ( !  
beg9n+ ( ! p]iod dur+ :i* ! violation   
occurr$1 %all-- 7,a7 jo9tly & sev]ally  
be p]sonally liable = all violations (  
?is ,act & = all damages aw>d$ & civil  
p5alties assess$ = violations ( ?is     
,act2 &  7,b7 not)/&+ subp>agraph 7,a71 
be p]sonally responsible = #aj p]c5t (  
any damages1 civil p5alties1 or o!r     
re/itution or fees assess$ aga9/ !      
employ] = ! violations1 ) ! employ]     
responsible = n m ?an #ij p]c5t4  7#b7  
,no reimbursem5t ,an employ] may n      
refund 9 any way any am\nts paid by a   

%>ehold] "u p>agraph 7#a74  4  #bjc4    
,fran*isors  7a7 ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds    
,act ( #aich  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section    
#c7;d7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act (   
#aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7;d771 z am5d$ 
by section #bjb7;a77#a71 is fur!r am5d$ 
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#g7        
,fran*isors & fran*isees ,a fran*isor   
%all also be responsible = ! rights &   
protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to an    
employee1 9 any case :]e a fran*isee ( !
 fran*isor is responsible = ! rights &  
protections ( ?is ,act = ! employee4  4 
7#b7 ,indemnification ,section #af ( !  
,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich1 z     
am5d$ by section #bjb7;c77#a71 is fur!r 
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7i7   
,fran*isees & ,fran*isors  7#a7         
,indemnification by fran*isor ,an       
employ] or entity t is f\nd to be 9     
violation ( ?is ,act & is a fran*isee   
%all h ! "r to indemnification z        
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 f ! fran*isor1 
9 any case :]e ! violation 0-- 7,a7 at !
 behe/ ( ! fran*isor2  7,b7 at !        

direction ( ! fran*isor2  7,c7 pursuant 
to any policies1 agreem5ts1 or          
contractual obligations emanat+ f !     
fran*isor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r direct or
 indirect control or pressure f !       
fran*isor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (    
indemnification ,indemnification "u     
p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  
fran*isee 9 any c\rt ( compet5t         
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! fran*isor ( all        
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
fran*isee z a result ( ! violation ( ?is
 ,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7
 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n require or
 o!rwise reque/ a fran*isee to waive !  
fran*isee's "r to indemnification "u ?is
 subsection4  7,b7 ,rem$y & civil p5alty
 ,if a fran*isor violates subp>agraph   
7,a7-- 7i7 any indemnification waiv]    
obta9$ %all be null & void2 &  7ii7 !   
fran*isor %all be subject to a civil    
p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7 ,prohibition on

 retaliation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor
 %all n end a fran*ise agreem5t )1 take 
adv]se action 9 relation to1 or o!rwise 
discrim9ate aga9/1 a fran*isee = pursu+ 
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,any fran*isor :o
 violates subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be      
subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4
  7b7 ,national ,labor ,relations ,act  
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #b7b7 ( !        
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #aeb7b771 z am5d$ by section  
#bjb7;a77#b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7,e7 ,fran*isors &     
fran*isees ,a fran*isor %all also be    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to an employee1 9 any  
case :]e a fran*isee ( ! fran*isor is   
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act = ! employee4  4  7#b7         
,indemnification ,section #ab ( !       
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #afb71 z am5d$ by section     
#bjb7;c77#b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7g7 ,fran*isees &      

,fran*isors  7#a7 ,indemnification by   
fran*isor ,an employ] or entity t is    
f\nd to be 9 violation ( ?is ,act & is a
 fran*isee %all h ! "r to               
indemnification z describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#b7 f ! fran*isor1 9 any case :]e !    
violation 0-- 7,a7 at ! behe/ ( !       
fran*isor2  7,b7 at ! direction ( !     
fran*isor2  7,c7 pursuant to any        
policies1 agreem5ts1 or contractual     
obligations emanat+ f ! fran*isor2 or   
7,d7 due to o!r direct or indirect      
control or pressure f ! fran*isor4  7#b7
 ,process = & type ( indemnification    
,indemnification "u p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7
 may be s\ght by a fran*isee 9 any c\rt 
( compet5t jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all   
include a full recov]y f ! fran*isor (  
all comp5satory & punitive damages1     
civil monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1
 or o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !  
fran*isee z a result ( ! violation ( ?is
 ,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7
 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n require or
 o!rwise reque/ a fran*isee to waive !  

fran*isee's "r to indemnification "u ?is
 subsection4  7,b7 ,rem$y & civil p5alty
 ,if a fran*isor violates subp>agraph   
7,a7-- 7i7 any indemnification waiv]    
obta9$ %all be null & void2 &  7ii7 !   
fran*isor %all be subject to a civil    
p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7 ,prohibition on
 retaliation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor
 %all n end a fran*ise agreem5t )1 take 
adv]se action 9 relation to1 or o!rwise 
discrim9ate aga9/1 a fran*isee = pursu+ 
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,any fran*isor :o
 violates subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be      
subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4
  7c7 ,occupational ,safety & ,heal?    
,act ( #aigj  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section    
#c7e7 ( ! ,occupational ,safety & ,heal?
 ,act ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #feb7e771 z
 am5d$ by section #bjb7;a77#c71 is fur!r
 am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,f7 
,fran*isors & fran*isees ,a fran*isor   
%all also be responsible = ! rights &   
protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to an    
employee1 9 any case :]e a fran*isee ( !

 fran*isor is responsible = ! rights &  
protections ( ?is ,act = ! employee4  4 
7#b7 ,indemnification ,section #ag ( !  
,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   
#aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #fff71 z am5d$ by  
section #bjb7;c77#c71 is fur!r am5d$ by 
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7o7 ,fran*isees
 & ,fran*isors  7#a7 ,indemnification by
 fran*isor ,an employ] or o!r entity t  
is a fran*isee & is f\nd to be 9        
violation ( ?is ,act %all h ! "r to     
indemnification z describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#b7 f ! fran*isor1 9 any case :]e !    
violation 0-- 7,a7 at ! behe/ ( !       
fran*isor2  7,b7 at ! direction ( !     
fran*isor2  7,c7 pursuant to any        
policies1 agreem5ts1 or contractual     
obligations emanat+ f ! fran*isor2 or   
7,d7 due to o!r direct or indirect      
control or pressure f ! fran*isor4  7#b7
 ,process = & type ( indemnification    
,indemnification "u p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7
 may be s\ght by a fran*isee 9 any c\rt 
( compet5t jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all   
include a full recov]y f ! fran*isor (  

all comp5satory & punitive damages1     
civil monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1
 or o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !  
fran*isee z a result ( ! violation ( ?is
 ,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7
 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n require or
 o!rwise reque/ a fran*isee to waive !  
fran*isee's "r to indemnification "u ?is
 subsection4  7,b7 ,rem$y & civil p5alty
 ,if a fran*isor violates subp>agraph   
7,a7-- 7i7 any indemnification waiv]    
obta9$ %all be null & void2 &  7ii7 !   
fran*isor %all be subject to a civil    
p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7 ,prohibition on
 retaliation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor
 %all n end a fran*ise agreem5t )1 take 
adv]se action 9 relation to1 or o!rwise 
discrim9ate aga9/1 a fran*isee = pursu+ 
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,any fran*isor :o
 violates subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be      
subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4
  7d7 ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act 
( #aigg  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #d;,b ( 
! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   

#aigg1 z am5d$ by section #bjb7;a77#d71 
is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7c7 ,fran*isors & fran*isees ,a
 fran*isor %all also be responsible = ! 
rights & protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d 
to a m9]1 9 any case :]e a fran*isee ( !
 fran*isor is responsible = ! rights &  
protections ( ?is ,act = ! m9]4  4  7#b7
 ,indemnification ,section #aah ( !     
,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act (     
#aigg1 z am5d$ by section #bjb7;c77#d71 
is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7c7 ,fran*isees & ,fran*isors  
7#a7 ,indemnification by fran*isor ,an  
op]ator or o!r entity t is f\nd to be 9 
violation ( ?is ,act & is a fran*isee   
%all h ! "r to indemnification z        
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 f ! fran*isor1 
9 any case :]e ! violation 0-- 7,a7 at !
 behe/ ( ! fran*isor2  7,b7 at !        
direction ( ! fran*isor2  7,c7 pursuant 
to any policies1 agreem5ts1 or          
contractual obligations emanat+ f !     
fran*isor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r direct or
 indirect control or pressure f !       

fran*isor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (    
indemnification ,indemnification "u     
p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  
fran*isee 9 any c\rt ( compet5t         
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! fran*isor ( all        
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
fran*isee z a result ( ! violation ( ?is
 ,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7
 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n require or
 o!rwise reque/ a fran*isee to waive !  
fran*isee's "r to indemnification "u ?is
 subsection4  7,b7 ,rem$y & civil p5alty
 ,if a fran*isor violates subp>agraph   
7,a7-- 7i7 any indemnification waiv]    
obta9$ %all be null & void2 &  7ii7 !   
fran*isor %all be subject to a civil    
p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7 ,prohibition on
 retaliation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor
 %all n end a fran*ise agreem5t )1 take 
adv]se action 9 relation to1 or o!rwise 
discrim9ate aga9/1 a fran*isee = pursu+ 
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7

 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,any fran*isor :o
 violates subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be      
subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4
  7e7 ,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural
 ,work] ,protection ,act  7#a7 ,9 g5]al 
,section #e7;c7 ( ! ,migrant & ,seasonal
 ,agricultural ,work] ,protection ,act1 
z am5d$ by section #bjb7;a77#e71 is     
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  
7#d7 ,fran*isors & fran*isees ,a        
fran*isor %all also be responsible = !  
rights & protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d 
to an individual :o is a migrant        
agricultural work] or seasonal          
agricultural work] employ$ by a f>m     
labor contractor1 agricultural employ]1 
or agricultural association1 9 any case 
:]e a fran*isee ( ! fran*isor is        
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act = ! migrant agricultural work] 
or seasonal agricultural work]4  4  7#b7
 ,indemnification ,section #eje ( !     
,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural      
,work] ,protection ,act1 z am5d$ by     
section #bjb7;c77#e71 is fur!r am5d$ by 

add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7c7 ,fran*isees
 & ,fran*isors  7#a7 ,indemnification by
 fran*isor ,a f>m labor contractor1     
agricultural employ]1 agricultural      
association1 or o!r entity t is f\nd to 
be 9 violation ( ?is ,act & is a        
fran*isee %all h ! "r to indemnification
 z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 f !         
fran*isor1 9 any case :]e ! violation   
0-- 7,a7 at ! behe/ ( ! fran*isor2  7,b7
 at ! direction ( ! fran*isor2  7,c7    
pursuant to any policies1 agreem5ts1 or 
contractual obligations emanat+ f !     
fran*isor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r direct or
 indirect control or pressure f !       
fran*isor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (    
indemnification ,indemnification "u     
p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  
fran*isee 9 any c\rt ( compet5t         
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! fran*isor ( all        
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
fran*isee z a result ( ! violation ( ?is

 ,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7
 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n require or
 o!rwise reque/ a fran*isee to waive !  
fran*isee's "r to indemnification "u ?is
 subsection4  7,b7 ,rem$y & civil p5alty
 ,if a fran*isor violates subp>agraph   
7,a7-- 7i7 any indemnification waiv]    
obta9$ %all be null & void2 &  7ii7 !   
fran*isor %all be subject to a civil    
p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7 ,prohibition on
 retaliation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor
 %all n end a fran*ise agreem5t )1 take 
adv]se action 9 relation to1 or o!rwise 
discrim9ate aga9/1 a fran*isee = pursu+ 
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,any fran*isor :o
 violates subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be      
subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4
  7f7 ,davis-,bacon ,act  7#a7 ,9 g5]al 
,section #cadd;b ( title #dj1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section        
#bjb7;a77#f71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7c7 ,fran*isors &      
fran*isees ,a fran*isor %all also be    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  

?is sub*apt] ) reg>d to a labor] or     
me*anic 9 any case :]e a fran*isee ( !  
fran*isor is responsible = ! rights &   
protections ( ?is sub*apt] = ! labor] or
 me*anic4  4  7#b7 ,indemnification     
,section #cadd;c ( title #dj1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section        
#bjb7;c77#f71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7f7 ,fran*isees &      
,fran*isors  7#a7 ,indemnification by   
fran*isor ,a contractor1 subcontractor1 
or o!r entity t is f\nd to be 9         
violation ( ?is sub*apt] & is a         
fran*isee %all h ! "r to indemnification
 z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 f !         
fran*isor1 9 any case :]e ! violation   
0-- 7,a7 at ! behe/ ( ! fran*isor2  7,b7
 at ! direction ( ! fran*isor2  7,c7    
pursuant to any policies1 agreem5ts1 or 
contractual obligations emanat+ f !     
fran*isor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r direct or
 indirect control or pressure f !       
fran*isor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (    
indemnification ,indemnification "u     
p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  

fran*isee 9 any c\rt ( compet5t         
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! fran*isor ( all        
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
fran*isee z a result ( ! violation ( ?is
 sub*apt]4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n       
require or o!rwise reque/ a fran*isee to
 waive ! fran*isee's "r to              
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,if a fran*isor  
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     
indemnification waiv] obta9$ %all be    
null & void2 &  7ii7 ! fran*isor %all be
 subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  
7#d7 ,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7  
,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n end a      
fran*ise agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 
9 relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate   
aga9/1 a fran*isee = pursu+             
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,any fran*isor :o
 violates subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be      

subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4
  7g7 ,mc,namara-,o',h>a ,s]vice        
,contract ,act  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section  
#fgja;a ( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates      
,code1 z am5d$ by section #bjb7;a77#g71 
is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7c7 ,fran*isors & fran*isees ,a
 fran*isor %all also be responsible = ! 
rights & protections ( ?is *apt] ) reg>d
 to a s]vice employee 9 any case :]e a  
fran*isee ( ! fran*isor is responsible =
 ! rights & protections ( ?is *apt] = ! 
s]vice employee4  4  7#b7               
,indemnification ,section #fgjg ( title 
#da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by    
section #bjb7;c77#g71 is fur!r am5d$ by 
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7c7 ,fran*isees
 & ,fran*isors  7#a7 ,indemnification by
 fran*isor ,a contractor1 subcontractor1
 or o!r entity t is f\nd to be 9        
violation ( ?is *apt] & is a fran*isee  
%all h ! "r to indemnification z        
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 f ! fran*isor1 
9 any case :]e ! violation 0-- 7,a7 at !
 behe/ ( ! fran*isor2  7,b7 at !        

direction ( ! fran*isor2  7,c7 pursuant 
to any policies1 agreem5ts1 or          
contractual obligations emanat+ f !     
fran*isor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r direct or
 indirect control or pressure f !       
fran*isor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (    
indemnification ,indemnification "u     
p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  
fran*isee 9 any c\rt ( compet5t         
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! fran*isor ( all        
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
fran*isee z a result ( ! violation ( ?is
 *apt]4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]     
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n       
require or o!rwise reque/ a fran*isee to
 waive ! fran*isee's "r to              
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,if a fran*isor  
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     
indemnification waiv] obta9$ %all be    
null & void2 &  7ii7 ! fran*isor %all be
 subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  

7#d7 ,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7  
,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n end a      
fran*ise agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 
9 relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate   
aga9/1 a fran*isee = pursu+             
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,any fran*isor :o
 violates subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be      
subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4
  7h7 ,wal%-,healey ,public ,contracts  
,act  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #feja;b (  
title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ 
by section #bjb7;a77#h71 is fur!r am5d$ 
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7c7         
,fran*isors & fran*isees ,a fran*isor   
%all also be responsible = ! rights &   
protections ( ?is *apt] ) reg>d to an   
individual employ$ "u a contract to :i* 
?is *apt] applies1 9 any case :]e a     
fran*isee ( ! fran*isor is responsible =
 ! rights & protections ( ?is *apt] = ! 
individual4  4  7#b7 ,indemnification   
,section #fejf;b ( title #da1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section        
#bjb7;c77#h71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 

! end ! foll[+3  7f7 ,fran*isees &      
,fran*isors  7#a7 ,indemnification by   
fran*isor ,a contractor1 subcontractor1 
or o!r entity t is f\nd to be 9         
violation ( ?is *apt] & is a fran*isee  
%all h ! "r to indemnification z        
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 f ! fran*isor1 
9 any case :]e ! violation 0-- 7,a7 at !
 behe/ ( ! fran*isor2  7,b7 at !        
direction ( ! fran*isor2  7,c7 pursuant 
to any policies1 agreem5ts1 or          
contractual obligations emanat+ f !     
fran*isor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r direct or
 indirect control or pressure f !       
fran*isor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (    
indemnification ,indemnification "u     
p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  
fran*isee 9 any c\rt ( compet5t         
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! fran*isor ( all        
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
fran*isee z a result ( ! violation ( ?is
 *apt]4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]     

7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n       
require or o!rwise reque/ a fran*isee to
 waive ! fran*isee's "r to              
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,if a fran*isor  
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     
indemnification waiv] obta9$ %all be    
null & void2 &  7ii7 ! fran*isor %all be
 subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  
7#d7 ,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7  
,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n end a      
fran*ise agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 
9 relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate   
aga9/1 a fran*isee = pursu+             
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,any fran*isor :o
 violates subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be      
subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4
  7i7 ,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act (   
#aiic  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #aja7d7 ( 
! ,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic 
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfaa7d771 z am5d$ by    
section #bjb7;a77#i71 is fur!r am5d$ by 
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,f7           
,fran*isors & fran*isees ,a fran*isor   

%all also be responsible = ! rights &   
protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to an    
employee1 9 any case :]e a fran*isee ( !
 fran*isor is responsible = ! rights &  
protections ( ?is ,act = ! employee4  4 
7#b7 ,indemnification ,section #ajg ( ! 
,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfag71 z am5d$ by       
section #bjb7;c77#i71 is fur!r am5d$ by 
ins]t+ aft] subsection 7f7 ! foll[+3    
7g7 ,fran*isees & ,fran*isors  7#a7     
,indemnification by fran*isor ,an       
employ] or o!r entity t is f\nd to be 9 
violation ( ?is ,act & is a fran*isee   
%all h ! "r to indemnification z        
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 f ! fran*isor1 
9 any case :]e ! violation 0-- 7,a7 at !
 behe/ ( ! fran*isor2  7,b7 at !        
direction ( ! fran*isor2  7,c7 pursuant 
to any policies1 agreem5ts1 or          
contractual obligations emanat+ f !     
fran*isor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r direct or
 indirect control or pressure f !       
fran*isor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (    
indemnification ,indemnification "u     

p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  
fran*isee 9 any c\rt ( compet5t         
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! fran*isor ( all        
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
fran*isee z a result ( ! violation ( ?is
 ,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7
 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor %all n require or
 o!rwise reque/ a fran*isee to waive !  
fran*isee's "r to indemnification "u ?is
 subsection4  7,b7 ,rem$y & civil p5alty
 ,if a fran*isor violates subp>agraph   
7,a7-- 7i7 any indemnification waiv]    
obta9$ %all be null & void2 &  7ii7 !   
fran*isor %all be subject to a civil    
p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7 ,prohibition on
 retaliation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a fran*isor
 %all n end a fran*ise agreem5t )1 take 
adv]se action 9 relation to1 or o!rwise 
discrim9ate aga9/1 a fran*isee = pursu+ 
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,rem$y & civil p5alty ,any fran*isor :o
 violates subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be      

subject to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4
  7j7 ,f$]al ,unemploym5t ,tax ,act     
7,,futa7  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section        
#ccjf7w7 ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code (   
#aihf1 z am5d$ by section #bjb7;a77#aj71
 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new 
p>agraphs3  7#e7 ,p>agraph 7#g7 (       
section #c7;d7 ( su* ,act4  7#f7        
,subsection 7i7 ( section #af ( su*     
,act4  4  7#b7 ,effective date ,!       
am5dm5t made by p>agraph 7#a7 %all apply
 to s]vices r5d]$ on or aft] ,janu>y #a1
 #bjbb4  #bjd4 ,tempor>y /aff+ companies
  7a7 ,responsibilities ( employ]s      
utiliz+ employees ( /aff+ companies &   
o!r cov]$ employees  7#a7 ,fair ,labor  
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich ,section #c7;d7 ( ! 
,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7;d771 z am5d$ by section 
#bjc7;a77#a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7#h7 ,employ]s (       
employees ( /aff+ companies & o!r cov]$ 
employees ,an employ] %all also be      
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to "o or m cov]$       

employees 7z def9$ 9 section #f7;c77#a77
 provid$ by ano!r employ] to p]=m labor 
= ! employ]4  4  7#b7 ,national ,labor  
,relations ,act ,section #b7b7 ( !      
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #aeb7b771 z am5d$ by section  
#bjc7;b77#a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7,f7 ,employ]s (       
employees ( /aff+ companies & o!r cov]$ 
employees ,an employ] %all also be      
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to "o or m cov]$       
employees 7z def9$ 9 section #f7;c77#a7 
( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich    
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjf7;c77#a777 provid$ by
 ano!r employ] to p]=m labor = !        
employ]4  4  7#c7 ,occupational ,safety 
& ,heal? ,act ( #aigj ,section #c7e7 ( !
 ,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (  
#aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #feb7e771 z am5d$  
by section #bjc7;c71 is fur!r am5d$ by  
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,g7 ,employ]s 
( employees ( /aff+ companies & o!r     
cov]$ employees ,an employ] %all also be
 responsible = ! rights & protections ( 

?is ,act ) reg>d to "o or m cov]$       
employees 7z def9$ 9 section #f7;c77#a7 
( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act 7#bi       
,u4,s4,c4 #bjf7;c77#a777 provid$ by     
ano!r employ] to p]=m labor = ! employ]4
  4  7#d7 ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & ,heal?  
,act ( #aigg ,section #d;,b ( ! ,f$]al  
,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigg1 z   
am5d$ by section #bjc7;d77#a71 is fur!r 
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7d7   
,employ]s ( employees ( /aff+ companies 
& o!r cov]$ employees ,an op]ator ( a   
coal or o!r m9e %all also be responsible
 = ! rights & protections ( ?is ,act )  
reg>d to "o or m cov]$ employees 7z     
def9$ 9 section #f7;c77#a7 ( ! ,fair    
,labor ,/&>ds ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4       
#bjf7;c77#a777 provid$ by ano!r employ] 
to p]=m labor z m9]s = ! op]ator4  4    
7#e7 ,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural 
,work] ,protection ,act ,section #e7;c7 
( ! ,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural  
,work] ,protection ,act1 z am5d$ by     
section #bjc7;e71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+
 at ! end ! foll[+3  7#e7 ,employ]s (   

employees ( /aff+ companies & o!r cov]$ 
employees ,a f>m labor contractor1      
agricultural employ]1 or agricultural   
association %all also be responsible = !
 rights & protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d
 to "o or m migrant agricultural work]s 
or seasonal agricultural work]s :o--    
7,a7 are cov]$ employees 7z def9$ 9     
section #f7;c77#a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor     
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich72 &  7,b7 are       
provid$ by ano!r employ] to p]=m labor =
 ! f>m labor contractor1 agricultural   
employ]1 or agricultural association4  4
  7#f7 ,davis-,bacon ,act ,section      
#cadd;b ( title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates      
,code1 z am5d$ by section #bjc7;f77#a71 
is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7d7 ,employ]s ( employees (    
/aff+ companies & o!r cov]$ employees ,a
 contractor or any subcontractor %all   
also be responsible = ! rights &        
protections ( ?is sub*apt] ) reg>d to "o
 or m labor]s or me*anics :o are cov]$  
employees 7z def9$ 9 section #f7;c77#a7 
( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act 7#bi       

,u4,s4,c4 #bjf7;c77#a777 provid$ by     
ano!r employ] to p]=m labor = !         
contractor or subcontractor "u a        
contract to :i* ?is sub*apt] applies4  4
  7#g7 ,mc,namara-,o',h>a ,s]vice       
,contract ,act ,section #fgja;a ( title 
#da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by    
section #bjc7;g71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+
 at ! end ! foll[+3  7d7 ,employ]s (    
employees ( /aff+ companies & o!r cov]$ 
employees ,a contractor %all also be    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is *apt] ) reg>d to "o or m s]vice     
employees :o are cov]$ employees 7z     
def9$ 9 section #f7;c77#a7 ( ! ,fair    
,labor ,/&>ds ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4       
#bjf7;c77#a777 provid$ by ano!r employ] 
to p]=m labor = ! contractor "u a       
contract to :i* ?is *apt] applies4  4   
7#h7 ,wal%-,healey ,public ,contracts   
,act ,section #feja;b ( title #da1      
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section 
#bjc7;h71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7d7 ,employ]s ( employees
 ( /aff+ companies & o!r cov]$ employees

 ,a contractor %all also be responsible 
= ! rights & protections ( ?is *apt] )  
reg>d to "o or m individuals :o are     
cov]$ employees 7z def9$ 9 section      
#f7;c77#a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act 
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjf7;c77#a777 provid$ by
 ano!r employ] to p]=m labor 9 !        
manufacture or furni%+ ( mat]ials1      
supplies1 articles1 or equipm5t = !     
contractor "u a contract to :i* ?is     
*apt] applies4  4  7#i7 ,family &       
,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic ,section    
#aja7d7 ( ! ,family & ,m$ical ,leave    
,act ( #aiic 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfaa7d771 z
 am5d$ by section #bjc7;i71 is fur!r    
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,g7  
,employ]s ( employees ( /aff+ companies 
& o!r cov]$ employees ,an employ] %all  
also be responsible = ! rights &        
protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to "o or 
m cov]$ employees 7z def9$ 9 section    
#f7;c77#a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act 
( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjf7;c77#a777   
provid$ by ano!r employ] to p]=m labor =
 ! employ]4  4  7#aj7 ,f$]al            

,unemploym5t ,tax ,act 7,,futa7  7,a7 ,9
 g5]al ,section #ccjf7w7 ( ! ,int]nal   
,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf1 z am5d$ by       
section #bjc7;j71 is am5d$ by add+ at ! 
end ! foll[+ new p>agraph3  7#g7        
,p>agraph 7#h7 ( section #c7;d7 ( su*   
,act4  4  7,b7 ,effective date ,!       
am5dm5t made by subp>agraph 7,a7 %all   
apply to s]vices r5d]$ on or aft]       
,janu>y #a1 #bjbb4  7b7 ,equitable      
treatm5t = employees ( /aff+ companies &
 o!r cov]$ employees  7#a7 ,9 g5]al     
,section #f ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act
 ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bjf7 is am5d$  
by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7b7 ! foll[+3 
7c7 ,employees ( /aff+ companies & o!r  
cov]$ employees  7#a7 ,def9ition ( cov]$
 employee ,9 ?is subsection1 ! t]m cov]$
 employee means an employee provid$ by  
ano!r employ] to p]=m labor = ! employ]1
 includ+ a tempor>y or %ort-t]m contract
 employee4  7#b7 ,wages = cov]$         
employees  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,no employ]    
%all pay wages to a cov]$ employee      
provid$ by ano!r employ] to p]=m labor =

 ! employ]1 or all[ a cov]$ employee    
provid$ by ano!r employ] to p]=m labor =
 ! employ] at wages1 at a rate less ?an 
! prevail+ rate at :i* ! employ] = :om !
 labor is p]=m$ pays wages to direct    
employees = simil> "w on jobs ! p]=mance
 ( :i* requires simil> skill1 ef=t1 &   
responsibility1 & :i* are p]=m$ "u      
simil> work+ conditions1 except z       
provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b74  7,b7       
,exceptions ,an employ] may pay a cov]$ 
employee a wage at a rate less ?an !    
wage rate requir$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7   
if-- 7i7 su* paym5t is made pursuant    
to-- 7,i7 a s5iority sy/em2  7,,ii7 a   
m]it sy/em2  7,,iii7 a sy/em t measures 
rate ( pay by quantity or quality (     
production2 or  7,,iv7 a diff]5tial bas$
 on any lawful factor o!r ?an employm5t 
/atus2 &  7ii7 ! rate is n less ?an #hj 
p]c5t ( ! prevail+ rate at :i* ! employ]
 = :om ! labor is p]=m$ pays wages to   
direct employees = simil> "w on jobs !  
p]=mance ( :i* requires simil> skill1   
ef=t1 & responsibility1 & :i* are p]=m$ 

"u simil> work+ conditions4  7#c7       
,increas$ wages = cov]$ employees  7,a7 
,9 g5]al ,9 ! case ( a cov]$ employee :o
 is n provid$ ) ! same b5efits z !      
employ] = :om ! labor is be+ p]=m$      
provides to its direct employees1 !     
employ] = :om ! labor is be+ p]=m$ %all 
pay ! cov]$ employee1 or require !      
employ] provid+ ! cov]$ employee to pay 
! cov]$ employee1 a wage rate t1 subject
 to subp>agraph 7,b71 is n less ?an !   
sum (-- 7i7 ! wage rate requir$ "u      
p>agraph 7#b72 &  7ii7 ! less] (-- 7,i7 
an am\nt equal to #be p]c5t ( ! wage    
rate requir$ "u p>agraph 7#b72 or       
7,,ii7 ! am\nt ! employee w\ld h to pay 
to secure equival5t b5efits )\t an      
employ]'s assi/ance4  7,b7 ,m9imum ,9 no
 case %all ! m9imum wage rate requir$ "u
 subp>agraph 7,a7 be less ?an #abe p]c5t
 ( ! m9imum wage rate requir$ "u        
subsection 7a77#a74  4  7#b7 ,limit+    
exemptions ,section #ac ( ! ,fair ,labor
 ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4     
#bac7 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9 ! matt] prec$+  

p>agraph 7#a7 ( subsection 7a71 by      
ins]t+ & section #f7;c7 aft] ?is        
subsection2  7,b7 9 subsection 7d71 by  
ins]t+ 7except = subsection 7c7 ( su*   
section7 aft] sections #f2 &  7,c7 9    
subsection 7f71 by ins]t+ 7except =     
subsection 7c7 ( su* section7 aft]      
sections #f4  7c7 ,new protections =    
employees ( /aff+ companies & o!r cov]$ 
employees  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #i ( !
 ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich1 z    
add$ by section #ajb7;a77#f77;,c77i71 is
 fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 
7b7 ,protections = employees ( /aff+    
companies & o!r cov]$ employees  7#a7   
,def9ition ( cov]$ employee ,9 ?is      
subsection1 ! t]m cov]$ employee has !  
mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #f7;c77#a74  
7#b7 ,regi/ration ( provid+ employ]s    
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* employ] t provides   
cov]$ employees to p]=m labor = ano!r   
employ] %all regi/] ) ! ,secret>y ea*   
ye>1 9 accordance ) ?is subsection &    
regulations ( ! ,secret>y4 ,ea* su*     
provid+ employ] %all include ) !        

regi/ration-- 7i7 pro( ( an employ]     
acc\nt numb] = ! purposes ( ! paym5t (  
unemploym5t insurance contributions2    
7ii7 pro( ( valid work]s' comp5sation   
insurance 9 effect at ! "t ( regi/ration
 & cov]+ all cov]$ employees p]=m+ labor
 = ! employ]2 &  7iii7 a report conta9+ 
! in=mation describ$ 9 p>agraph         
7#g77;,a77ix71 9 ! aggregate = all cov]$
 employees ( ! provid+ employ] t p]=m$  
labor = ano!r employ] 9 ! prec$+ cal5d> 
ye> & disaggregat$ by bran* (fice4  7,b7
 ,regi/ration fee ,! ,secret>y %all     
assess ea* employ] t regi/]s "u         
subp>agraph 7,a7 a nonrefundable        
regi/ration fee equal to ! sum (-- 7i7  
#a1jjj p] ye>2 &  7ii7 an additional    
#bej = ea* bran* (fice ( ! employ]4     
7,c7 ,imm$iate report+ ( work]s'        
comp5sation lapse ,9 any case :]e !     
work]s' comp5sation insurance ( an      
employ] requir$ to regi/] "u subp>agraph
 7,a7 lapses-- 7i7 ! employ] %all report
 ! lapse to ! ,secret>y2 &  7ii7 !      
,secret>y %all susp5d ! employ]'s       

regi/ration until ! employ]'s work]s'   
comp5sation insurance is re9/at$4  7,d7 
,au?ority to d5y1 susp5d1 or revoke     
regi/ration  7i7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y  
%all h ! au?ority to d5y1 susp5d1 or    
revoke ! regi/ration ( an employ] "u    
subp>agraph 7,a7 if w>rant$ by          
violations ( ?is subsection or ( any o!r
 ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local work]          
protection law4  7ii7 ,duty to notify   
,an employ] ^: regi/ration "u           
subp>agraph 7,a7 is d5i$1 susp5d$1 or   
revok$ %all notify1 bo? by telephone & 9
 writ+1 ea* ( its cov]$ employees & ea* 
( ! employ]s = :om its cov]$ employees  
p]=m labor )9 #bd h\rs ( any d5ial1     
susp5sion1 or revocation ( its          
regi/ration4  7,e7 ,ineligibility ,an   
employ] reque/+ to regi/] ) ! ,secret>y 
"u subp>agraph 7,a7 is ineligible if1 )9
 ! #e ye>s imm$iately prec$+ ! date ( ! 
employ]'s regi/ration reque/1 ! employ] 
or any ( its (fic]s1 directors1 p>tn]s1 
or manag]s1 or any own] ( #be p]c5t or  
great] b5eficial int]e/1 has be5        

involv$1 z (fic]1 director1 p>tn]1      
manag]1 or own]1 9 ano!r employ] ^:     
regi/ration "u su* subp>agraph 0 revok$ 
or susp5d$ )\t be+ re9/at$4  7,f7       
,website ,! ,secret>y %all create &     
ma9ta9 a public website t includes-- 7i7
 a li/ ( all employ]s ^: regi/ration "u 
subp>agraph 7,a7 is 9 good /&+2  7ii7 a 
li/ ( all employ]s ^: regi/ration "u    
subp>agraph 7,a7 has be5 susp5d$1       
includ+ ! reason = ! susp5sion1 ! date !
 susp5sion 0 initiat$1 &1 if kn[n1 !    
date ! susp5sion is to be lift$2 &      
7iii7 a li/ ( all employ]s ^:           
regi/ration "u subp>agraph 7,a7 has be5 
revok$1 includ+ ! reason = ! revocation 
& ! date ! regi/ration 0 revok$4  7#c7  
,employ]s = :om employees p]=m labor    
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,no employ] = :om a cov]$ 
employee is provid$ by ano!r employ] to 
p]=m labor may ent] into a contract or  
any o!r agreem5t = su* labor ) any      
employ] n regi/]$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,a74
  7,b7 ,v]ification  7i7 ,requirem5ts = 
receiv+ employ]s ,an employ] = :om a    

cov]$ employee is provid$ by ano!r      
employ] to p]=m labor %all v]ify !      
provid+ employ]'s /atus ) ! ,secret>y ( 
,labor be=e ent]+ into a contract or o!r
 agreem5t ) ! provid+ employ]1 & at     
annual int]vals !reaft]4  7ii7          
,requirem5ts = provid+ employ]s ,an     
employ] t provides a cov]$ employee to  
ano!r employ] to p]=m labor %all provide
 any employ] = :om its cov]$ employee   
p]=ms labor ) pro( ( valid regi/ration  
"u p>agraph 7#b77;,a7 be=e ent]+ into   
any contract or o!r agreem5t ) ! receiv+
 employ]4  7,c7 ,li/ ( regi/]$ employ]s 
,^u reque/1 ! ,secret>y %all provide to 
any reque/+ p>ty a li/ ( employ]s       
regi/]$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,a7 & an      
employ] may rely 9 good fai? on !       
in=mation on su* li/ provid$ by !       
,secret>y4  7#d7 ,no "w re/rictions ,no 
employ] t provides a cov]$ employee to  
p]=m labor = ano!r employ] %all-- 7,a7  
re/rict ! "r ( a cov]$ employee to      
accept direct employm5t ) an employ] =  
:om ! cov]$ employee has p]=m$ labor2   

7,b7 re/rict ! "r ( an employ] = :om !  
cov]$ employee has p]=m$ labor to (f]   
su* direct employm5t2 or  7,c7 *>ge any 
fee1 ei!r to ! cov]$ employee or an     
employ] = :om ! cov]$ employee has p]=m$
 labor1 = ! cov]$ employee conv]t+ to   
direct employm5t ) su* employ]4  7#e7   
,prohibition on p]matemp work]s  7,a7   
,conv]sion ( tempor>y work]s to direct  
employees ,aft] a cov]$ employee p]=ms  
labor = an employ] = #a1jdj total h\rs  
dur+ any #ab-mon? p]iod1 su* employ]    
%all conv]t ! cov]$ employee to a direct
 employee ( su* employ]4  7,b7          
,prohibitions on evasion  7i7 ,no       
multiple contracts ,an employ] %all n   
t]m9ate or end ! agreem5t "u :i* a cov]$
 employee is provid+ labor to ! employ] 
& !n re5gage su* cov]$ employee at a    
lat] date 9 ord] to evade ! requirem5ts 
( ?is subsection4  7ii7 ,no replacem5t  
employees ,an employ] %all n t]m9ate or 
end ! agreem5t "u :i* a cov]$ employee  
is provid+ labor to ! employ] & !n      
engage a diff]5t cov]$ employee 9 ord]  

to evade ! requirem5ts ( ?is subsection4
  7#f7 ,employm5t notices  7,a7 ,9 g5]al
 ,:5ev] an employ] agrees to provide #a 
or m cov]$ employees to p]=m labor =    
ano!r employ]1 ! provid+ employ] %all   
provide to ea* cov]$ employee & to ! o!r
 employ]1 at ! "t ( dispat*1 a /atem5t  
conta9+ ! foll[+ in=mation on a =m      
approv$ by ! ,secret>y3 7i7 ,! "n ( !   
cov]$ employee4  7ii7 ,! "n1 address1 & 
phone numb] ( ! provid+ employ] t has   
agre$ to ! dispat*4  7iii7 ,! "n1       
address1 & phone numb] ( ! employ] = :om
 ! cov]$ employee w p]=m labor4  7iv7 ,!
 "n1 address1 & phone numb] ( ! provid+ 
employ]'s work]s' comp5sation insurance 
c>ri]4  7v7 ,! address & phone numb] ( !
 ne>e/ regional (fice ( ! ,dep>tm5t (   
,labor4  7vi7 ,! "n ( ! position1 !     
nature ( ! "w to be p]=m$1 & ! types (  
equipm5t1 clo?+1 & tra9+ t are requir$ =
 ! task4  7vii7 ,! wages (f]$1 includ+ !
 h\rly rate ( pay & ! h\rly rate (      
ov]time pay1 %\ld ov]time h\rs be p]=m$4
  7viii7 ,! designat$ pay day4  7ix7 ,! 

anticipat$ daily />t times & daily end  
times4  7x7 ,! anticipat$ duration ( !  
dispat*4  7xi7 ,! t]ms ( transportation4
  7xii7 ,:e!r meals or equipm5t1 or bo?1
 are provid$ & ! co/ ( ! meal & equipm5t
 to ! cov]$ employee1 if any4  7,b7     
,duration ,if a cov]$ employee :o is    
provid$ by an employ] to p]=m labor =   
ano!r employ] is assign$ to ! same      
employ] = m ?an #a day1 ! provid+       
employ] is requir$ to provide !         
employm5t in=mation describ$ 9          
subp>agraph 7,a7 only on-- 7i7 ! fir/   
day ( ! assignm5t2 &  7ii7 if any ( !   
t]ms describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 are    
*ang$1 ! fir/ day ( su* *ange4  7,c7    
,confirmation ( "w s\ght ,if an employ] 
t provides cov]$ employees to o!r       
employ]s to p]=m labor does n place a   
cov]$ employee ) an employ] = :om to    
p]=m labor = a p>ticul> day1 ! provid+  
employ] %all1 ^u reque/1 provide ! cov]$
 employee ) a writt5 & sign$            
confirmation t ! cov]$ employee s\ght   
"w1 :i* %all include ! "n ( ! provid+   

employ]1 ! "n & address ( ! cov]$       
employee1 & ! date & "t t ! cov]$       
employee receiv$ ! confirmation4  7,d7  
,no cov]$ employees dur+ labor disputes 
,no employ] may provide a cov]$ employee
 to p]=m labor at any workplace :]e a   
/rike1 lock\t1 or o!r labor dispute     
exi/s4  7#g7 ,recordkeep+  7,a7 ,provid+
 employ] ,:5ev] an employ] provides     
cov]$ employees to p]=m labor = ano!r   
employ]1 ! provid+ employ] %all keep !  
foll[+ records ) respect to ! cov]$     
employees3 7i7 ,! "n1 address1 &        
telephone numb] = ea* employ] to :om    
cov]$ employees 7 s5t to p]=m labor1    
includ+ ea* worksite to :i* cov]$       
employees 7 s5t1 & ! date ( !           
transaction effectuat+ ! agreem5t betwe5
 employ]s4  7ii7 ,= ea* cov]$ employee1 
! "n1 address1 & specific location ( !  
worksite1 ! type ( labor p]=m$1 ! numb] 
( h\rs work$1 & ! h\rly rate ( pay4     
7iii7 ,! "n & title ( all individuals   
responsible = ! transaction on behalf ( 
! employ] = :om ! cov]$ employee is     

p]=m+ labor4  7iv7 ,any specific        
qualifications or attributes ( an       
employee t are reque/$ by ! employ] =   
:om ! cov]$ employee p]=ms labor4  7v7  
,copies ( all contracts 7if any7 or o!r 
agreem5ts )1 & all invoices f1 ! employ]
 = :om ! cov]$ employee p]=ms labor4    
7vi7 ,copies ( all employm5t notices    
provid$ 9 accordance ) p>agraph         
7#f77;,a74  7vii7 ,d$uctions to be made 
f ! cov]$ employee's comp5sation1 made  
by ei!r ! provid+ employ] or ! employ] =
 :om ! cov]$ employee p]=ms labor1 = !  
cov]$ employee's transportation1 food1  
equipm5t1 )held income tax1 )held social
 security paym5ts1 & any o!r d$uction4  
7viii7 ,docum5tation v]ify+ ! actual co/
 ( any equipm5t or meal *>g$ to a cov]$ 
employee4  7ix7 ,! race & g5d] ( ea*    
cov]$ employee p]=m+ labor4  7x7 ,any   
additional in=mation z %all be requir$  
by regulation ( ! ,secret>y4  7,b7      
,transmission requirem5ts  7i7 ,9 g5]al 
,! employ] = :om ! cov]$ employee is    
p]=m+ labor %all transmit all in=mation 

requir$ "u subp>agraph 7,a77ii7 to !    
employ] :o has provid$ su* cov]$        
employee n lat] ?an #g days foll[+ ! la/
 day ( ! "w week work$ = :i* ! cov]$    
employee p]=m$ "w = ! employ]4  7ii7    
,int]action ) o!r requirem5ts ,! failure
 ( an employ] = :om a cov]$ employee is 
p]=m+ labor to transmit ! in=mation     
requir$ "u ?is subp>agraph %all n exempt
 ! cov]$ employee's provid+ employ] f   
any o!r recordkeep+ requirem5ts ( ?is   
subsection4  7#h7 ,meals ,if a cov]$    
employee is provid$ ) a meal1 ! cov]$   
employee %all n be *>g$ m ?an ! actual  
co/ ( ! meal4 ,a cov]$ employee %all n  
be *>g$ = any meal n consum$ by ! cov]$ 
employee4 ,pur*ase ( a meal by a cov]$  
employee %all n be a condition (        
employm5t or p]=mance ( labor4  7#i7    
,transportation  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a cov]$ 
employee may n be *>g$ any fee =        
transport to or f a designat$ worksite  
by ei!r ! employ] :o is provid+ ! cov]$ 
employee = ! p]=mance ( labor or !      
employ] = :om ! cov]$ employee is p]=m+ 

labor4  7,b7 ,responsibility ,! employ] 
:o is provid+ a cov]$ employee to p]=m  
labor = ano!r employ] is responsible = !
 conduct & p]=mance ( any p]son :om !   
employ] secures to transport ! cov]$    
employee to or f a designat$ worksite & 
= ! safety ( ! vehicle us$ = su*        
transport1 unless ! transport] is a "p (
 public mass transportation or a common 
c>ri]4  7,c7 ,ref]ral limitations ,!    
employ] :o is provid+ a cov]$ employee  
to p]=m labor = ano!r employ] may n ref]
 ! cov]$ employee to any p]son =        
transportation to or f a worksite unless
 t p]son is-- 7i7 "p ( public mass      
transportation2 or  7ii7 provid+ !      
transportation = no fee4  7,d7 ,vehicle 
requirem5ts ,any motor vehicle own$ or  
op]at$ by an employ] :o is provid+ a    
cov]$ employee to ano!r employ] t is us$
 = ! cov]$ employee's transportation to 
or f a worksite mu/ h a seat & safety   
belt = ea* pass5g] & mu/ be op]at$ by a 
driv] ) a valid lic5se to op]ate su*    
motor vehicle4  7,e7 ,r\nd-trip         

transportation ,if a cov]$ employee is  
provid$ ) transportation to a worksite  
by ei!r ! cov]$ employee's provid+      
employ] or ! employ] = :om ! cov]$      
employee is p]=m+ labor1 !n ! cov]$     
employee %all be provid$ )              
transportation back to ! po9t ( orig9   
unless ! cov]$ employee agrees prior to 
leav+ = ! worksite t ! cov]$ employee   
already has secur$ or w secure          
alt]native transportation at ! end ( !  
cov]$ employee's %ift4  7,f7            
,reimbursem5t & m9imum comp5sation ,9   
any case :]e an employ] provid+ a cov]$ 
employee to p]=m labor = ano!r employ]  
dispat*es a cov]$ employee to a job t   
does n exi/1 ! provid+ employ] %all--   
7i7 refund ! cov]$ employee's reasonable
 transportation co/s2 &  7ii7 pay !     
cov]$ employee comp5sation equival5t to 
#b h\rs ( "w4  7#aj7 ,equipm5t ,= any   
safety equipm5t1 specializ$ clo?+1      
accessories1 or any o!r items requir$ by
 ! nature ( ! "w1 ei!r by law1 cu/om1 or
 ! employ] = :om a cov]$ employee is    

p]=m+ labor1 ! cov]$ employee-- 7,a7    
%all n be *>g$ = ! items provid$ by !   
provid+ employ] or ! employ] = :om !    
cov]$ employee is p]=m+ labor1 unless ! 
cov]$ employee neglig5tly damages or    
de/roys su* items2 &  7,b7 if ! cov]$   
employee is requir$ to pur*ase any su*  
items1 ! employ] = :om ! cov]$ employee 
is p]=m+ labor %all refund ! co/ ( su*  
items1 includ+ any relat$ %ipp+ or h&l+1
 to ! cov]$ employee4  7#aa7 ,o!r *>ges 
,no cov]$ employee %all be *>g$ by !    
employ] :o is provid+ ! cov]$ employee  
to p]=m labor1 or ! employ] = :om !     
cov]$ employee is p]=m+ "w1 = any ( !   
foll[+3 7,a7 ,regi/]+ ) ! cov]$         
employee's provid+ employ]4  7,b7       
,obta9+ "w assignm5ts4  7,c7 ,drug te/s4
  7,d7 ,backgr\nd *ecks4  7,e7 ,debit   
c>ds us$ = paym5t ( wages or any o!r    
me?od ( wage paym5t4  4  7#b7 ,p5alties 
7,a7 ,prohibit$ acts ,section #ae7;a7 ( 
! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi 
,u4,s4,c4 #bae7;a771 z am5d$ by section 
#ajb7;a77#c77;,b71 is fur!r am5d$ by    

add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#h7 to violate
 any ( ! provisions ( section #i7;b74  4
  7,b7 ,p5alties ,section #af7;e7 ( !   
,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #baf7;e771 z am5d$ by section 
#ajb7;a77#g77;,b71 is fur!r am5d$ by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#i7 ,f9es &   
p5alties reg>d+ tempor>y & o!r cov]$    
employees  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y   
may1 aft] notice & an opportunity = a   
he>+1 assess a civil p5alty n to exce$  
#f1jjj aga9/ any employ] t violates any 
( ! provisions ( section #i7;b7 7except 
= p>agraph 7#b77;,a7 or 7#c7 ( su*      
section74 ,ea* violation ( su* section  
#i7;b7 = ea* day ( ! violation & = ea*  
cov]$ employee %all con/itute a sep>ate 
& di/9ct violation ( su* section #i7;b74
  7,b7 ,regi/ration violations ,!       
,secret>y may1 aft] notice & an         
opportunity = a he>+1 assess a civil    
p5alty aga9/ any employ] t fails to     
regi/] ) ! ,secret>y ( ,labor 9         
accordance ) section #i7;b77#b77;,a71   
includ+ any rules issu$ "u su* section1 

( #ejj p] violation4 ,ea* day dur+ :i*  
an employ] op]ates )\t regi/]+ %all be a
 sep>ate & di/9ct violation ( su*       
section4  7,c7 ,civil p5alty ,any       
employ] = :om a cov]$ employee p]=ms    
labor t violates section #i7;b77#c7 %all
 be subject to a civil p5alty ( #ejj4   
,ea* day dur+ :i* su* employ] contracts 
) a cov]$ employee's employ] :o is n    
regi/]$ ) ! ,secret>y ( ,labor "u       
section #i7;b77#b77;,a7 %all con/itute a
 sep>ate & di/9ct (f5se4  7,d7          
,revocation ,! ,secret>y may revoke !   
regi/ration ( an employ] "u section     
#i7;b77#b77;,a7 9 any case :]e an       
employ] willfully1 z det]m9$ by !       
,dep>tm5t1 commits a violation ( ?is    
section )9 #c ye>s ( an e>li] violation 
( su* section4  4  #bje4 ,lic5sors  7a7 
,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,section #c7;d7 ( ! ,fair      
,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi         
,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7;d771 z am5d$ by section 
#bjd7;a77#a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7#i7 ,lic5sors ,an     

entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or o!r       
lik5ess to an employ]1 or o!r entity    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to ! employees ( su*   
employ]1 = consid]ation %all also be    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to ! employees ( su*   
employ]4  4  7#b7 ,indemnification      
,section #af ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds    
,act ( #aich1 z am5d$ by section        
#bjc7;a77#b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7j7 ,lic5sees &        
lic5sors  7#a7 ,indemnification by      
lic5sor ,an employ] or o!r entity t is  
f\nd to be 9 violation ( ?is ,act %all h
 ! "r to indemnification z describ$ 9   
p>agraph 7#b7 f an entity lic5s+ its    
br&1 "n1 or o!r lik5ess to ! employ] or 
o!r entity1 9 any case :]e ! violation  
0-- 7,a7 at ! behe/ ( ! lic5sor2  7,b7  
at ! direction ( ! lic5sor2  7,c7       
pursuant to any policies1 agreem5ts1 or 
contractual obligations emanat+ f !     
lic5sor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r direct or  
indirect control or pressure f !        

lic5sor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (      
indemnification ,indemnification "u     
p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  
lic5see 9 any c\rt ( compet5t           
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! lic5sor ( all          
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
lic5see z a result ( ! violation ( ?is  
,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7 
,9 g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n require or   
o!rwise reque/ a lic5see to waive !     
lic5see's "r to indemnification "u ?is  
subsection4  7,b7 ,p5alty ,if a lic5sor 
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     
indemnification waiv] %all be null &    
void2 &  7ii7 ! lic5sor %all be subject 
to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7     
,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7 ,9    
g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n end ! lic5se    
agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 9        
relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate     
aga9/1 a lic5see = pursu+               
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7

 ,p5alty ,a lic5sor :o violates         
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be subject to a   
civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4  7b7        
,national ,labor ,relations ,act  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,section #b7b7 ( ! ,national   
,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4   
#aeb7b771 z am5d$ by section            
#bjd7;a77#b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7,g7 ,lic5sors ,an     
entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or o!r       
lik5ess to an employ]1 or o!r entity    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to ! employees ( su*   
employ]1 = consid]ation %all also be    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to ! employees ( su*   
employ]4  4  7#b7 ,indemnification      
,section #ab ( ! ,national ,labor       
,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #afb71 z 
am5d$ by section #bjc7;b77#b71 is fur!r 
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7h7   
,lic5sees & lic5sors  7#a7              
,indemnification by lic5sor ,an employ] 
or o!r entity t is f\nd to be 9         
violation ( ?is ,act %all h ! "r to     

indemnification z describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#b7 f an entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or 
o!r lik5ess to ! employ] or o!r entity1 
9 any case :]e ! violation 0-- 7,a7 at !
 behe/ ( ! lic5sor2  7,b7 at ! direction
 ( ! lic5sor2  7,c7 pursuant to any     
policies1 agreem5ts1 or contractual     
obligations emanat+ f ! lic5sor2 or     
7,d7 due to o!r direct or indirect      
control or pressure f ! lic5sor4  7#b7  
,process = & type ( indemnification     
,indemnification "u p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7
 may be s\ght by a lic5see 9 any c\rt ( 
compet5t jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all     
include a full recov]y f ! lic5sor ( all
 comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil  
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
lic5see z a result ( ! violation ( ?is  
,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7 
,9 g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n require or   
o!rwise reque/ a lic5see to waive !     
lic5see's "r to indemnification "u ?is  
subsection4  7,b7 ,p5alty ,if a lic5sor 
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     

indemnification waiv] %all be null &    
void2 &  7ii7 ! lic5sor %all be subject 
to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7     
,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7 ,9    
g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n end ! lic5se    
agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 9        
relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate     
aga9/1 a lic5see = pursu+               
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,p5alty ,a lic5sor :o violates         
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be subject to a   
civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4  7c7        
,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   
#aigj  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #c7e7 ( ! 
,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act (   
#aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #feb7e771 z am5d$  
by section #bjd7;a77#c71 is fur!r am5d$ 
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,h7        
,lic5sors ,an entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1
 or o!r lik5ess to an employ]1 or o!r   
entity responsible = ! rights &         
protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to !     
employees ( an employ]1 or o!r entity   
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to ! employees ( su*   

employ]1 = consid]ation %all also be    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to ! employees ( su*   
employ]4  4  7#b7 ,indemnification      
,section #ag ( ! ,occupational ,safety &
 ,heal? ,act ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4     
#fff71 z am5d$ by section #bjc7;c77#b71 
is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7p7 ,lic5sees & lic5sors  7#a7 
,indemnification by lic5sor ,an employ] 
or o!r entity t is f\nd to be 9         
violation ( ?is ,act %all h ! "r to     
indemnification z describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#b7 f an entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or 
o!r lik5ess to ! employ] or o!r entity1 
9 any case :]e ! violation 0-- 7,a7 at !
 behe/ ( ! lic5sor2  7,b7 at ! direction
 ( ! lic5sor2  7,c7 pursuant to any     
policies1 agreem5ts1 or contractual     
obligations emanat+ f ! lic5sor2 or     
7,d7 due to o!r direct or indirect      
control or pressure f ! lic5sor4  7#b7  
,process = & type ( indemnification     
,indemnification "u p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7
 may be s\ght by a lic5see 9 any c\rt ( 

compet5t jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all     
include a full recov]y f ! lic5sor ( all
 comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil  
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
lic5see z a result ( ! violation ( ?is  
,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7 
,9 g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n require or   
o!rwise reque/ a lic5see to waive !     
lic5see's "r to indemnification "u ?is  
subsection4  7,b7 ,p5alty ,if a lic5sor 
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     
indemnification waiv] %all be null &    
void2 &  7ii7 ! lic5sor %all be subject 
to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7     
,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7 ,9    
g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n end ! lic5se    
agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 9        
relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate     
aga9/1 a lic5see = pursu+               
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,p5alty ,a lic5sor :o violates         
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be subject to a   
civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4  7d7 ,f$]al 
,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigg  7#a7

 ,9 g5]al ,section #d;,b ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e
 ,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigg1 z am5d$ 
by section #bjd7;a77#d71 is fur!r am5d$ 
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7e7         
,lic5sors ,an entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1
 or o!r lik5ess to an op]ator ( a coal  
or o!r m9e1 or o!r entity responsible = 
! rights & protections ( ?is ,act )     
reg>d to ! m9]s employ$ by su* op]ator1 
= consid]ation %all also be responsible 
= ! rights & protections ( ?is ,act )   
reg>d to ! m9]s employ$ by su* op]ator4 
4  7#b7 ,indemnification ,section #aah (
 ! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act (  
#aigg1 z am5d$ by section #bjc7;d77#b71 
is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  7d7 ,lic5sees & lic5sors  7#a7 
,indemnification by lic5sor ,an op]ator 
or o!r entity t is f\nd to be 9         
violation ( ?is ,act %all h ! "r to     
indemnification z describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#b7 f an entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or 
o!r lik5ess to ! op]ator or o!r entity1 
9 any case :]e ! violation 0-- 7,a7 at !
 behe/ ( ! lic5sor2  7,b7 at ! direction

 ( ! lic5sor2  7,c7 pursuant to any     
policies1 agreem5ts1 or contractual     
obligations emanat+ f ! lic5sor2 or     
7,d7 due to o!r direct or indirect      
control or pressure f ! lic5sor4  7#b7  
,process = & type ( indemnification     
,indemnification "u p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7
 may be s\ght by a lic5see 9 any c\rt ( 
compet5t jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all     
include a full recov]y f ! lic5sor ( all
 comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil  
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
lic5see z a result ( ! violation ( ?is  
,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7 
,9 g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n require or   
o!rwise reque/ a lic5see to waive !     
lic5see's "r to indemnification "u ?is  
subsection4  7,b7 ,p5alty ,if a lic5sor 
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     
indemnification waiv] %all be null &    
void2 &  7ii7 ! lic5sor %all be subject 
to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7     
,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7 ,9    
g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n end ! lic5se    

agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 9        
relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate     
aga9/1 a lic5see = pursu+               
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,p5alty ,a lic5sor :o violates         
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be subject to a   
civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4  7e7        
,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural      
,work] ,protection ,act  7#a7 ,9 g5]al  
,section #e7;c7 ( ! ,migrant & ,seasonal
 ,agricultural ,work] ,protection ,act1 
z am5d$ by section #bjd7;a77#e71 is     
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  
7#f7 ,lic5sors ,an entity lic5s+ its    
br&1 "n1 or o!r lik5ess to a f>m labor  
contractor1 agricultural employ]1 or    
agricultural association1 or o!r entity 
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to ! migrant           
agricultural work]s or seasonal         
agricultural work]s ( ! f>m labor       
contractor1 agricultural employ]1 or    
agricultural association1 = consid]ation
 %all also be responsible = ! rights &  
protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to su*   

migrant agricultural work]s & seasonal  
agricultural work]s4  4  7#b7           
,indemnification ,section #eje ( !      
,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural      
,work] ,protection ,act1 z am5d$ by     
section #bjc7;e77#b71 is fur!r am5d$ by 
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7d7 ,lic5sees &
 lic5sors  7#a7 ,indemnification by     
lic5sor ,a f>m labor contractor1        
agricultural employ]1 agricultural      
association1 or o!r entity t is f\nd to 
be 9 violation ( ?is ,act %all h ! "r to
 indemnification z describ$ 9 p>agraph  
7#b7 f an entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or 
o!r lik5ess to ! f>m labor contractor1  
agricultural employ]1 agricultural      
association1 or o!r entity1 9 any case  
:]e ! violation 0-- 7,a7 at ! behe/ ( ! 
lic5sor2  7,b7 at ! direction ( !       
lic5sor2  7,c7 pursuant to any policies1
 agreem5ts1 or contractual obligations  
emanat+ f ! lic5sor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r
 direct or indirect control or pressure 
f ! lic5sor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (  
indemnification ,indemnification "u     

p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  
lic5see 9 any c\rt ( compet5t           
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! lic5sor ( all          
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
lic5see z a result ( ! violation ( ?is  
,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7 
,9 g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n require or   
o!rwise reque/ a lic5see to waive !     
lic5see's "r to indemnification "u ?is  
subsection4  7,b7 ,p5alty ,if a lic5sor 
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     
indemnification waiv] %all be null &    
void2 &  7ii7 ! lic5sor %all be subject 
to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7     
,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7 ,9    
g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n end ! lic5se    
agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 9        
relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate     
aga9/1 a lic5see = pursu+               
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,p5alty ,a lic5sor :o violates         
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be subject to a   

civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4  7f7        
,davis-,bacon ,act  7#a7 ,9 g5]al       
,section #cadd;b ( title #dj1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section        
#bjd7;a77#f71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7e7 ,lic5sors ,an      
entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or o!r       
lik5ess to a contractor or              
subcontractor1 or o!r entity responsible
 = ! rights & protections ( ?is sub*apt]
 ) reg>d to ! labor]s or me*anics ( su* 
contractor or subcontractor1 =          
consid]ation %all also be responsible = 
! rights & protections ( ?is sub*apt] ) 
reg>d to su* labor]s or me*anics4  4    
7#b7 ,indemnification ,section #cadd;c (
 title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$
 by section #bjc7;f77#b71 is fur!r am5d$
 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7g7        
,lic5sees & lic5sors  7#a7              
,indemnification by lic5sor ,a          
contractor1 subcontractor1 or o!r entity
 t is f\nd to be 9 violation ( ?is      
sub*apt] %all h ! "r to indemnification 
z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 f an entity  

lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or o!r lik5ess to ! 
employ] or o!r entity1 9 any case :]e ! 
violation 0-- 7,a7 at ! behe/ ( !       
lic5sor2  7,b7 at ! direction ( !       
lic5sor2  7,c7 pursuant to any policies1
 agreem5ts1 or contractual obligations  
emanat+ f ! lic5sor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r
 direct or indirect control or pressure 
f ! lic5sor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (  
indemnification ,indemnification "u     
p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  
lic5see 9 any c\rt ( compet5t           
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! lic5sor ( all          
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
lic5see z a result ( ! violation ( ?is  
sub*apt]4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]   
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n require 
or o!rwise reque/ a lic5see to waive !  
lic5see's "r to indemnification "u ?is  
subsection4  7,b7 ,p5alty ,if a lic5sor 
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     
indemnification waiv] %all be null &    

void2 &  7ii7 ! lic5sor %all be subject 
to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7     
,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7 ,9    
g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n end ! lic5se    
agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 9        
relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate     
aga9/1 a lic5see = pursu+               
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,p5alty ,a lic5sor :o violates         
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be subject to a   
civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4  7g7        
,mc,namara-,o',h>a ,s]vice ,contract    
,act  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #fgja;a (  
title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ 
by section #bjd7;a77#g71 is fur!r am5d$ 
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7e7         
,lic5sors ,an entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1
 or o!r lik5ess to a contractor1 or o!r 
entity responsible = ! rights &         
protections ( ?is *apt] ) reg>d to !    
s]vice employees ( su* contractor1 =    
consid]ation %all also be responsible = 
! rights & protections ( ?is *apt] )    
reg>d to su* s]vice employees4  4  7#b7 
,indemnification ,section #fgjg ( title 

#da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by    
section #bjc7;g77#b71 is fur!r am5d$ by 
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7d7 ,lic5sees &
 lic5sors  7#a7 ,indemnification by     
lic5sor ,a contractor1 subcontractor1 or
 o!r entity t is f\nd to be 9 violation 
( ?is *apt] %all h ! "r to              
indemnification z describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#b7 f an entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or 
o!r lik5ess to ! employ] or o!r entity1 
9 any case :]e ! violation 0-- 7,a7 at !
 behe/ ( ! lic5sor2  7,b7 at ! direction
 ( ! lic5sor2  7,c7 pursuant to any     
policies1 agreem5ts1 or contractual     
obligations emanat+ f ! lic5sor2 or     
7,d7 due to o!r direct or indirect      
control or pressure f ! lic5sor4  7#b7  
,process = & type ( indemnification     
,indemnification "u p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7
 may be s\ght by a lic5see 9 any c\rt ( 
compet5t jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all     
include a full recov]y f ! lic5sor ( all
 comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil  
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      

lic5see z a result ( ! violation ( ?is  
*apt]4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7
 ,9 g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n require or  
o!rwise reque/ a lic5see to waive !     
lic5see's "r to indemnification "u ?is  
subsection4  7,b7 ,p5alty ,if a lic5sor 
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     
indemnification waiv] %all be null &    
void2 &  7ii7 ! lic5sor %all be subject 
to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7     
,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7 ,9    
g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n end ! lic5se    
agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 9        
relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate     
aga9/1 a lic5see = pursu+               
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,p5alty ,a lic5sor :o violates         
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be subject to a   
civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4  7h7        
,wal%-,healey ,public ,contracts ,act   
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #feja;b ( title  
#da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by    
section #bjd7;a77#h71 is fur!r am5d$ by 
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7e7 ,lic5sors  
,an entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or o!r   

lik5ess to a contractor1 or o!r entity  
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is *apt] ) reg>d to individuals employ$
 9 ! manufacture or furni%+ ( mat]ials1 
supplies1 articles1 or equipm5t "u a    
contract to :i* ?is *apt] applies by su*
 contractor1 = consid]ation %all also be
 responsible = ! rights & protections ( 
?is *apt] ) reg>d to su* individuals4  4
  7#b7 ,indemnification ,section #fejf;b
 ( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z    
am5d$ by section #bjc7;h77#b71 is fur!r 
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7g7   
,lic5sees & lic5sors  7#a7              
,indemnification by lic5sor ,a          
contractor1 subcontractor1 or o!r entity
 t is f\nd to be 9 violation ( ?is *apt]
 %all h ! "r to indemnification z       
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 f an entity    
lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or o!r lik5ess to ! 
employ] or o!r entity1 9 any case :]e ! 
violation 0-- 7,a7 at ! behe/ ( !       
lic5sor2  7,b7 at ! direction ( !       
lic5sor2  7,c7 pursuant to any policies1
 agreem5ts1 or contractual obligations  

emanat+ f ! lic5sor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r
 direct or indirect control or pressure 
f ! lic5sor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (  
indemnification ,indemnification "u     
p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  
lic5see 9 any c\rt ( compet5t           
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! lic5sor ( all          
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
lic5see z a result ( ! violation ( ?is  
*apt]4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7
 ,9 g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n require or  
o!rwise reque/ a lic5see to waive !     
lic5see's "r to indemnification "u ?is  
subsection4  7,b7 ,p5alty ,if a lic5sor 
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     
indemnification waiv] %all be null &    
void2 &  7ii7 ! lic5sor %all be subject 
to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7     
,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7 ,9    
g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n end ! lic5se    
agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 9        
relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate     

aga9/1 a lic5see = pursu+               
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,p5alty ,a lic5sor :o violates         
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be subject to a   
civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4  7i7 ,family
 & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic  7#a7 ,9 
g5]al ,section #aja7d7 ( ! ,family &    
,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic 7#bi        
,u4,s4,c4 #bfaa71 z am5d$ by section    
#bjd7;a77#i71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7,h7 ,lic5sors ,an     
entity lic5s+ its br&1 "n1 or o!r       
lik5ess to an employ] = consid]ation    
%all also be responsible = ! rights &   
protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to !     
employees ( su* employ]4  4  7#b7       
,indemnification ,section #ajg ( !      
,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic   
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfag71 z am5d$ by       
section #bjc7;i77#b71 by ins]t+ aft]    
subsection 7g7 ! foll[+3  7h7 ,lic5sees 
& lic5sors  7#a7 ,indemnification by    
lic5sor ,an employ] or o!r entity t is  
f\nd to be 9 violation ( ?is ,act %all h
 ! "r to indemnification z describ$ 9   

p>agraph 7#b7 f an entity lic5s+ its    
br&1 "n1 or o!r lik5ess to ! employ] or 
o!r entity1 9 any case :]e ! violation  
0-- 7,a7 at ! behe/ ( ! lic5sor2  7,b7  
at ! direction ( ! lic5sor2  7,c7       
pursuant to any policies1 agreem5ts1 or 
contractual obligations emanat+ f !     
lic5sor2 or  7,d7 due to o!r direct or  
indirect control or pressure f !        
lic5sor4  7#b7 ,process = & type (      
indemnification ,indemnification "u     
p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 may be s\ght by a  
lic5see 9 any c\rt ( compet5t           
jurisdiction2 &  7,b7 %all include a    
full recov]y f ! lic5sor ( all          
comp5satory & punitive damages1 civil   
monet>y p5alties1 attorney's fees1 or   
o!r am\nts requir$ to be paid by !      
lic5see z a result ( ! violation ( ?is  
,act4  7#c7 ,prohibition on waiv]  7,a7 
,9 g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n require or   
o!rwise reque/ a lic5see to waive !     
lic5see's "r to indemnification "u ?is  
subsection4  7,b7 ,p5alty ,if a lic5sor 
violates subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 any     

indemnification waiv] %all be null &    
void2 &  7ii7 ! lic5sor %all be subject 
to a civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  7#d7     
,prohibition on retaliation  7,a7 ,9    
g5]al ,a lic5sor %all n end ! lic5se    
agreem5t )1 take adv]se action 9        
relation to1 or o!rwise discrim9ate     
aga9/1 a lic5see = pursu+               
indemnification "u ?is subsection4  7,b7
 ,p5alty ,a lic5sor :o violates         
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be subject to a   
civil p5alty ( #ajj1jjj4  4  7j7 ,f$]al 
,unemploym5t ,tax ,act 7,,futa7  7#a7 ,9
 g5]al ,section #ccjf7w7 ( ! ,int]nal   
,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf1 z am5d$ by       
section #bjd7;a77#aj71 is am5d$ by add+ 
at ! end ! foll[+ new p>agraphs3  7#h7  
,p>agraph 7#i7 ( section #c7;d7 ( su*   
,act4  7#i7 ,subsection 7j7 ( section   
#af ( su* ,act4  4  7#b7 ,effective date
 ,! am5dm5t made by p>agraph 7#a7 %all  
apply to s]vices r5d]$ on or aft]       
,janu>y #a1 #bjbb4  #bjf4 ,labor        
contractors  7a7 ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds    
,act ( #aich ,section #c7;d7 ( ! ,fair  

,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi         
,u4,s4,c4 #bjc7;d771 z am5d$ by section 
#bje7;a77#a71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7#aj7 ,labor           
contractors ,an employ] %all also be    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  
?is ,act ) reg>d to an employee ( a     
labor contractor1 or any labor          
subcontractors "u a labor contractor1 9 
any case :]e su* labor contractor or    
labor subcontractor is responsible = !  
rights & protections ( ?is ,act )       
respect to ! employee4  4  7b7 ,national
 ,labor ,relations ,act  7#a7 ,9 g5]al  
,section #b7b7 ( ! ,national ,labor     
,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aeb7b771
 z am5d$ by section #bje7;b71 is fur!r  
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,h7  
,labor contractors ,an employ] %all also
 be responsible = ! rights & protections
 ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to an employee ( a  
labor contractor1 or any labor          
subcontractors "u a labor contractor1 9 
any case :]e su* labor contractor or    
labor subcontractor is responsible = !  

rights & protections ( ?is ,act )       
respect to ! employee4  4  7#b7 ,unfair 
labor practice ,section #h7;a7 ( !      
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #aeh7;a771 z am5d$ by section 
#ajb7;b77#c77;,b71 is fur!r am5d$ by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#h7 to reject 
contractors 9 :ole or 9 "p because !    
contractors h work=ces repres5t$ by     
labor organizations1 includ+-- 7,a7 :5 !
 employ] initially solicits bids = a    
contract = an z-yet-un*os5 contractor to
 provide a good or s]vice to ! employ]1 
by reject+ any contractor 9 :ole or 9 "p
 because ! contractor's work=ce is      
repres5t$ by a labor organization2 or   
7,b7 :5 an employ] has an exi/+ contract
 ) a contractor & ! contractor's        
employees are consid]+ to organize or h 
*os5 to organize 9 accordance ) ! rights
 provid$ "u section #g1 by-- 7i7 end+ ! 
employ]'s exi/+ contract ) ! contractor2
  7ii7 n r5ew+ ! employ]'s exi/+        
contract ) ! contractor if ! contract is
 set to expire2 or  7iii7 ?reat5+ to end

 or n r5ew ! employ]'s exi/+ contract ) 
! contractor1  9 :ole or 9 "p because ( 
! labor organization consid]ation or    
repres5tation describ$ 9 ! matt] prec$+ 
clause 7i74  4  7c7 ,occupational       
,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigj ,section  
#c7e7 ( ! ,occupational ,safety & ,heal?
 ,act ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #feb7e771 z
 am5d$ by section #bje7;c77#a71 is fur!r
 am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,i7 
,labor contractors ,an employ] %all also
 be responsible = ! rights & protections
 ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to an employee ( a  
labor contractor1 or any labor          
subcontractors "u a labor contractor1 9 
any case :]e su* labor contractor or    
labor subcontractor is responsible = !  
rights & protections ( ?is ,act )       
respect to ! employee4  4  7d7 ,f$]al   
,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigg      
,section #d;,b ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety &
 ,heal? ,act ( #aigg1 z am5d$ by section
 #bje7;d71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at !  
end ! foll[+3  7f7 ,labor ,contractors  
,an employ] %all also be responsible = !

 rights & protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d
 to a m9] ( a coal or o!r m9e employ$ by
 a labor contractor1 or any labor       
subcontractors "u a labor contractor1 9 
any case :]e su* labor contractor or    
labor subcontractor is responsible = !  
rights & protections ( ?is ,act )       
respect to ! m9]4  4  7e7 ,migrant &    
,seasonal ,agricultural ,work]          
,protection ,act ,section #d7;c7 ( !    
,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural      
,work] ,protection ,act1 z am5d$ by     
section #bje7;e77#a71 is fur!r am5d$ by 
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#g7 ,labor    
,contractors ,a f>m labor contractor1   
agricultural employ]1 or agricultural   
association %all also be responsible = !
 rights & protections ( ?is ,act ) reg>d
 to a migrant agricultural work] or     
seasonal agricultural work] ( a labor   
contractor1 or any labor subcontractors 
"u a labor contractor1 9 any case :]e   
su* labor contractor or labor           
subcontractor is responsible = ! rights 
& protections ( ?is ,act ) respect to ! 

migrant agricultural work] or seasonal  
agricultural work]4  4  7f7             
,davis-,bacon ,act ,section #cadd;b (   
title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ 
by section #bje7;f77#a71 is fur!r am5d$ 
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7f7         
,contractors' liability = labor         
subcontractors ,an employ] :o is a      
contractor subject to ! requirem5ts (   
?is sub*apt] %all also be responsible = 
! rights & protections ( ?is sub*apt] ) 
reg>d to an employee ( any labor        
subcontractor ( ! contractor1 or any    
labor subcontractors "u a labor         
subcontractor1 9 any case :]e-- 7#a7 !  
employee is p]=m+ "w "u a contract to   
:i* ?is sub*apt] applies2 &  7#b7 su*   
labor subcontractor1 or labor           
subcontractor ( a labor subcontractor1  
is responsible = ! rights & protections 
( ?is sub*apt] ) respect to a labor] or 
me*anic4  4  7g7 ,mc,namara-,o',h>a     
,s]vice ,contract ,act ,section #fgja;a 
( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z     
am5d$ by section #bje7;g71 is fur!r     

am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7f7   
,contractors' liability = labor         
subcontractors ,an employ] :o is a      
contractor subject to ! requirem5ts (   
?is *apt] %all also be responsible = !  
rights & protections ( ?is *apt] ) reg>d
 to an employee ( any labor             
subcontractor ( ! contractor1 or any    
labor subcontractors "u a labor         
subcontractor1 9 any case :]e-- 7#a7 !  
employee is p]=m+ "w "u a contract to   
:i* ?is *apt] applies2 &  7#b7 su* labor
 subcontractor1 or labor subcontractor (
 a labor subcontractor1 is responsible =
 ! rights & protections ( ?is *apt] )   
respect to a s]vice employee4  4  7h7   
,wal%-,healey ,public ,contracts ,act   
,section #feja;b ( title #da1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section        
#bje7;h71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7f7 ,contractors'        
liability = labor subcontractors ,an    
employ] :o is a contractor subject to ! 
requirem5ts ( ?is *apt] %all also be    
responsible = ! rights & protections (  

?is *apt] ) reg>d to an employee ( any  
labor subcontractor ( ! contractor1 or  
any labor subcontractors "u a labor     
subcontractor1 9 any case :]e-- 7#a7 !  
employee is employ$ 9 ! manufacture or  
furni%+ ( mat]ials1 supplies1 articles1 
or equipm5t "u a contract to :i* ?is    
*apt] applies2 &  7#b7 su* labor        
subcontractor1 or labor subcontractor ( 
a labor subcontractor1 is responsible = 
! rights & protections ( ?is *apt] )    
respect to ! employee4  4  7i7 ,family &
 ,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic ,section   
#aja7d7 ( ! ,family & ,m$ical ,leave    
,act ( #aiic 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfaa71 z   
am5d$ by section #bje7;i71 is fur!r     
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,i7  
,labor contractors ,an employ] %all also
 be responsible = ! rights & protections
 ( ?is ,act ) reg>d to an employee ( a  
labor contractor1 or any labor          
subcontractors "u a labor contractor1 9 
any case :]e su* labor contractor or    
labor subcontractor is responsible = !  
rights & protections ( ?is ,act )       

respect to ! employee4  4  7j7 ,f$]al   
,unemploym5t ,tax ,act 7,,futa7  7#a7 ,9
 g5]al ,section #ccjf7w7 ( ! ,int]nal   
,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf1 z am5d$ by       
section #bje7;j71 is am5d$ by add+ at ! 
end ! foll[+ new p>agraph3  7#aj7       
,p>agraph 7#aj7 ( section #c7;d7 ( su*  
,act4  4  7#b7 ,effective date ,!       
am5dm5t made by p>agraph 7#a7 %all apply
 to s]vices r5d]$ on or aft] ,janu>y #a1
 #bjbb4  #bjg4 ,supply *a9              
responsibility plan  7a7 ,fair ,labor   
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich  7#a7 ,supply *a9   
responsibility plan ,section #aa ( !    
,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #baa7 is am5d$ by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7e7 ,supply *a9          
responsibility plan  7#a7 ,def9itions ,9
 ?is subsection3 7,a7 ,cov]$ employ] ,! 
t]m cov]$ employ] means an employ] t    
employs #ajj or m employees4  7,b7      
,cov]$ laws ,! t]m cov]$ laws means all 
( ! foll[+3 7i7 ,?is ,act4  7ii7 ,!     
,national ,labor ,relations ,act4  7iii7
 ,! ,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act 

( #aigj4  7iv7 ,! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & 
,heal? ,act ( #aigg4  7v7 ,! ,migrant & 
,seasonal ,agricultural ,work]          
,protection ,act4  7vi7 ,sub*apt] ,,iv (
 *apt] #ca ( title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates   
,code 7commonly kn[n z ! ,davis-,bacon  
,act74  7vii7 ,*apt] #fg ( title #da1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code 7commonly kn[n z !  
,mc,namara-,o',h>a ,s]vice ,contract    
,act74  7viii7 ,*apt] #fe ( title #da1  
,unit$ ,/ates ,code 7commonly kn[n z !  
,wal%-,healey ,public ,contracts ,act ( 
#aicf74  7ix7 ,! ,family & ,m$ical      
,leave ,act ( #aiic4  7x7 ,violations ( 
,/ate law requir$ "u section #ccjd ( !  
,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf4  7xi7 ,!
 applicable labor laws ( any c\ntry 9   
:i* an employ] t is "p ( a cov]$        
employ]'s supply *a9 op]ates1 ) respect 
to employees employ$ 9 su* c\ntry4  7#b7
 ,developm5t ( plan ,ea* cov]$ employ]  
%all develop & c>ry out a supply *a9    
responsibility plan describ$ 9 p>agraph 
7#c7 t describes h[ ! employ] w attempt 
to ensure t ! employ]'s prim>y supply   

*a9 does n include any employ] t        
regul>ly violates-- 7,a7 an individual  
cov]$ law2 or  7,b7 ! cov]$ laws1 :5    
consid]$ z a :ole4  7#c7 ,cont5ts ,ea*  
supply *a9 responsibility plan %all     
include1 at a m9imum-- 7,a7 an assessm5t
 (-- 7i7 ! violations "u ea* cov]$ law  
by ea* employ] ) m ?an #ai employees 9 !
 cov]$ employ]'s supply *a92 &  7ii7 !  
violations "u ea* cov]$ law by ea*      
employ] t provides a l>ge volume or     
doll> am\nt ( ! cov]$ employ]'s supply  
*a92  7,b7 a plan =-- 7i7 remov+ f !    
cov]$ employ]'s supply *a9 ea* employ]  
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 t regul>ly  
violates-- 7,i7 an individual cov]$ law2
 or  7,,ii7 ! cov]$ laws1 :5 consid]$ z 
a :ole2 or  7ii7 if clause 7i7 is n     
possible ) respect to a p>ticul> employ]
 describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 due to an  
extremely limit$ numb] ( employ]s t c\ld
 fulfill specific portions ( ! cov]$    
employ]'s supply *a91 utiliz+ ! lev]age 
t ! cov]$ employ] has z a pur*as] to    
pressure ! p>ticul> employ] to improve  

compliance ) ! cov]$ laws2  7,c7 a li/ (
 ! organizations t ! cov]$ employ] has  
id5tifi$ to assi/ ! cov]$ employ] 9 ?is 
process1 includ+ work]s' rights         
advocates2 &  7,d7 any o!r in=mation !  
,secret>y det]m9es necess>y4  7#d7      
,submission ,ea* cov]$ employ] %all     
annually submit ! supply *a9            
responsibility plan to ! ,secret>y &    
%all po/ ! mo/ rec5t plan publicly on ! 
cov]$ employ]'s website4  4  7#b7       
,p5alties ,section #af7;e7 ( ! ,fair    
,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi         
,u4,s4,c4 #baf7;e771 z am5d$ by section 
#bjd7;c77#b77;,b71 is fur!r am5d$ by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#aj7 ,p5alties
 = violations reg>d+ supply *a9         
responsibility plans ,any p]son :o      
violates section #aa7;e77#c7 by n       
submitt+ or po/+ a complete supply *a9  
responsibility plan ea* ye> %all be     
subject to a civil p5alty ( #ej1jjj =   
ea* mon? ( noncompliance4  4  7b7       
,national labor relations act  7#a7     
,supply *a9 responsibility plan ,section

 #h ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act
 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aeh71 z am5d$ by       
section #ajb7;b77#e71 is fur!r am5d$ by 
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7i7 ,supply *a9
 responsibility plan ,x %all be an      
unfair labor practice = an employ] :o is
 a cov]$ employ]1 z def9$ 9 section     
#aa7;e77#a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act
 ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baa7;e77#a771  
to fail to annually-- 7#a7 submit1 z "p 
( ! cov]$ employ]'s supply *a9          
responsibility plan "u section #aa7;e7 (
 su* ,act1 ! in=mation requir$ "u su*   
,act t relates to ?is ,act2 &  7#b7     
include su* in=mation 9 ! plan po/$     
publicly on ! cov]$ employ]'s website4  
4  7#b7 ,p5alties ,section #ab ( !      
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #afb71 z am5d$ by section     
#ajb7;b77#g77;,b71 is fur!r am5d$ by    
ins]t+ aft] subsection 7c7 ! foll[+3    
7d7 ,civil p5alty = failure ,to submit a
 complete supply *a9 responsibility plan
 ,any p]son :o violates section #h7;i7  
%all be subject to a civil p5alty (     

#ej1jjj = ea* mon? ( noncompliance4  4  
7c7 ,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act 
( #aigj  7#a7 ,supply *a9 responsibility
 plan ,section #e ( ! ,occupational     
,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigj 7#bi      
,u4,s4,c4 #fed7 is am5d$ by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7c7 ,supply *a9          
responsibility plan ,an employ] :o is a 
cov]$ employ]1 z def9$ 9 section        
#aa7;e77#a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act
 ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baa7;e77#a771  
%all annually-- 7#a7 submit1 z "p ( !   
employ]'s supply *a9 responsibility plan
 "u section #aa7;e7 ( su* ,act1 !       
in=mation requir$ "u su* section t      
relates to ?is ,act2 &  7#b7 include su*
 in=mation 9 ! plan po/$ publicly on !  
employ]'s website4  4  7#b7 ,p5alties   
,section #ag ( ! ,occupational ,safety &
 ,heal? ,act ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4     
#fff71 z am5d$ by section #bje7;c77#b71 
is fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] subsection
 7k7 ! foll[+3  7l7 ,p5alties =         
violations reg>d+ supply *a9            
responsibility plans ,any p]son :o      

violates section #e7;c7 %all be subject 
to a civil p5alty ( #ej1jjj = ea* mon? (
 noncompliance4  4  7d7 ,f$]al ,m9e     
,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigg  7#a7     
,supply *a9 responsibility plan ,section
 #aji ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & ,heal?  
,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #hai7 is    
am5d$-- 7,a7 9 ! section head+1 by      
ins]t+ 2 supply *a9 responsibility plans
 aft] decisions2 &  7,b7 by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7e7 ,supply *a9          
responsibility plans ,ea* op]ator t is a
 cov]$ employ]1 z def9$ 9 section       
#aa7;e77#a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act
 ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baa7;e77#a771  
%all annually-- 7#a7 submit1 z "p ( !   
op]ator's supply *a9 responsibility plan
 "u section #aa7;e7 ( su* ,act1 !       
in=mation requir$ "u su* section t      
relates to ?is ,act2 &  7#b7 include su*
 in=mation 9 ! plan po/$ publicly on !  
op]ator's website4  4  7#b7 ,p5alties   
,section #aaj ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & 
,heal? ,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4      
#hbj71 z am5d$ by section               

#ajb7;d77#f77;,b71 is fur!r am5d$ by    
ins]t+ aft] subsection 7j7 ! foll[+3    
7k7 ,civil p5alty = failure ,to submit a
 supply *a9 responsibility plan ,any    
op]ator :o violates section #aji7;e7    
%all be subject to a civil p5alty (     
#ej1jjj = ea* mon? ( noncompliance4  4  
7e7 ,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural  
,work] ,protection ,act  7#a7 ,supply   
*a9 responsibility plan ,title ,,iv ( ! 
,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural      
,work] ,protection ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4  
#ahda et seq471 z am5d$ by section      
#ajb7;e77#c771 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at
 ! end ! foll[+3  #djf4 ,supply *a9     
responsibility plan  7a7 ,def9ition (   
responsible entity ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m
 responsible entity means a f>m labor   
contractor1 agricultural employ]1 or    
agricultural association1 t is a cov]$  
employ]1 z def9$ 9 section #aa7;e77#a7 (
 ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi
 ,u4,s4,c4 #baa7;e77#a774  7b7 ,supply  
*a9 responsibility plans ,ea*           
responsible entity %all annually-- 7#a7 

submit1 z "p ( ! responsible entity's   
supply *a9 responsibility plan "u       
section #aa7;e7 ( su* ,act1 ! in=mation 
requir$ "u su* section t relates to ?is 
,act2 &  7#b7 include su* in=mation 9 ! 
plan po/$ publicly on ! responsible     
entity's website4  4  7#b7 ,p5alties    
,section #ejc7;a7 ( ! ,migrant &        
,seasonal ,agricultural ,work]          
,protection ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4         
#ahec7;a771 z am5d$ by section          
#ajb7;e77#f77;,b71 is fur!r am5d$ by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#e7 ,p5alties 
= violations reg>d+ supply *a9          
responsibility plans ,any p]son :o      
violates section #djf7;b7 %all be       
subject to a civil p5alty ( #ej1jjj =   
ea* mon? ( noncompliance4  4  7f7       
,davis-,bacon ,act  7#a7 ,supply *a9    
responsibility plan ,sub*apt] ,,iv (    
*apt] #ca ( title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates    
,code1 z am5d$ by ?is ,act1 is fur!r    
am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #cadc !    
foll[+3  #cadc;a4 ,supply *a9           
responsibility plan  7a7 ,cov]$         

contractor ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m cov]$  
contractor means a contractor or        
subcontractor-- 7#a7 = a contract       
subject to ! requirem5ts ( ?is sub*apt]2
 &  7#b7 t is a cov]$ employ]1 z def9$ 9
 section #aa7;e77#a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor   
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      
#baa7;e77#a774  7b7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* cov]$ 
contractor %all annually-- 7#a7 submit1 
z "p ( ! cov]$ contractor's supply *a9  
responsibility plan "u section #aa7;e7 (
 su* ,act1 ! in=mation requir$ "u su*   
section t relates to ?is sub*apt]2 &    
7#b7 include su* in=mation 9 ! plan po/$
 publicly on ! cov]$ contractor's       
website4  4  7#b7 ,p5alties ,section    
#cadd;c ( title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates      
,code1 z am5d$ by section #bjd7;f77#b71 
is fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] subsection
 7b7 ! foll[+3  7c7 ,p5alties =         
violations reg>d+ supply *a9            
responsibility plans ,any p]son :o      
violates section #cadc;a ( ?is title    
%all be subject to a civil p5alty (     
#ej1jjj = ea* mon? ( noncompliance4  4  

7g7 ,mc,namara-,o',h>a ,s]vice ,contract
 ,act ,*apt] #fg ( title #da1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by section        
#bjb7;b77#g77;,a71 is fur!r am5d$ by    
ins]t+ aft] section #fgjd ! foll[+3     
#fgje4 ,supply *a9 responsibility plan  
7a7 ,cov]$ contractor ,9 ?is section1 ! 
t]m cov]$ contractor means a contractor 
or subcontractor-- 7#a7 = a contract    
subject to ! requirem5ts ( ?is *apt]2 & 
7#b7 t is a cov]$ employ]1 z def9$ 9    
section #aa7;e77#a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor    
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      
#baa7;e77#a774  7b7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* cov]$ 
contractor %all annually-- 7#a7 submit1 
z "p ( ! cov]$ contractor's supply *a9  
responsibility plan "u section #aa7;e7 (
 su* ,act1 ! in=mation requir$ "u su*   
section t relates to ?is *apt]2 &  7#b7 
include su* in=mation 9 ! plan po/$     
publicly on ! cov]$ contractor's        
website4  7c7 ,p5alties = violations    
reg>d+ supply *a9 responsibility plans  
,any p]son :o violates subsection 7b7 ( 
?is section %all be subject to a civil  

p5alty ( #ej1jjj = ea* mon? (           
noncompliance4  4  7h7 ,wal%-,healey    
,public ,contracts ,act ( #aicf  7#a7   
,supply *a9 responsibility plan ,*apt]  
#fe ( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is
 fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section     
#fejb ! foll[+3  #fejb;a4 ,supply *a9   
responsibility plan  7a7 ,cov]$         
contractor ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m cov]$  
contractor means a contractor or        
subcontractor-- 7#a7 = a contract       
subject to ! requirem5ts ( ?is *apt]2 & 
7#b7 t is a cov]$ employ]1 z def9$ 9    
section #aa7;e77#a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor    
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      
#baa7;e77#a774  7b7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* cov]$ 
contractor %all annually-- 7#a7 submit1 
z "p ( ! cov]$ contractor's supply *a9  
responsibility plan "u section #aa7;e7 (
 su* ,act1 ! in=mation requir$ "u su*   
section t relates to ?is *apt]2 &  7#b7 
include su* in=mation 9 ! plan po/$     
publicly on ! cov]$ contractor's        
website4  4  7#b7 ,p5alties ,section    
#fejf;a ( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates      

,code1 z am5d$ by section #bjb7;c77#h71 
is fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] subsection
 7b7 ! foll[+3  7c7 ,p5alties =         
violations reg>d+ supply *a9            
responsibility plans ,any p]son :o      
violates section #fejb;a %all be subject
 to a civil p5alty ( #ej1jjj = ea* mon? 
( noncompliance4  4  7i7 ,family &      
,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic ,section    
#aji ( ! ,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act (
 #aiic 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfai7 is am5d$-- 
7#a7 9 ! section head+1 by ins]t+ 2     
supply *a9 responsibility plan aft]     
,notice2  7#b7 by /rik+ ,9 g5]al4--,ea* 
& ins]t+ ! foll[+3 ,notice4-- 7#a7 ,9   
g5]al ,ea*  2  7#c7 by r$esignat+       
subsection 7b7 z p>agraph 7#b7 (        
subsection 7a71 & align+ ! m>g9s ( su*  
p>agraph ) ! m>g9s ( p>agraph 7#a72     
7#d7 9 p>agraph 7#b7 7z s r$esignat$71  
by /rik+ ?is section & ins]t+ ?is       
subsection2 &  7#e7 by add+ at ! end !  
foll[+3  7b7 ,supply *a9 responsibility 
plan  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* employ] t is a 
cov]$ employ]1 z def9$ 9 section        

#aa7;e77#a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act
 ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baa7;e77#a771  
%all annually-- 7,a7 submit1 z "p ( !   
employ]'s supply *a9 responsibility plan
 "u section #aa7;e7 ( su* ,act1 !       
in=mation requir$ "u su* section t      
relates to ?is ,act2 &  7,b7 include su*
 in=mation 9 ! plan po/$ publicly on !  
employ]'s website4  7#b7 ,p5alty ,any   
p]son :o violates p>agraph 7#a7 %all be 
subject to a civil p5alty ( #ej1jjj =   
ea* mon? ( noncompliance4  4  7j7 ,f$]al
 ,unemploym5t ,tax ,act 7,,futa7  7#a7  
,/ate law requirem5t ,section #ccjd ( ! 
,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf 7relat+  
to approval ( ,/ate unemploym5t         
comp5sation laws7 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9     
subsection 7a7-- 7i7 9 p>agraph 7#ah71  
by /rik+ & at ! end2  7ii7 by r$esignat+
 p>agraph 7#ai7 z p>agraph 7#bj72  7iii7
 by ins]t+ aft] p>agraph 7#ah7 ! foll[+ 
new p>agraph3  7#ai7 ea* employ] t is a 
cov]$ employ]1 z def9$ 9 section        
#aa7;e77#a7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act
 ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baa7;e77#a77 is

 requir$ to comply ) subsection 7h72 &  
2 &  7iv7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3    
7h7 ,supply *a9 responsibility plans    
,ea* employ] t is a cov]$ employ]1 z    
def9$ 9 section #aa7;e77#a7 ( ! ,fair   
,labor ,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi         
,u4,s4,c4 #baa7;e77#a771 %all annually--
 7#a7 submit1 z "p ( ! employ]'s supply 
*a9 responsibility plan "u section      
#aa7;e7 ( su* ,act1 ! in=mation requir$ 
"u su* section t relates to ?is ,act2 & 
7#b7 include su* in=mation 9 ! plan po/$
 publicly on ! op]ator's website4  4    
7#b7 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by
 p>agraph 7#a7 %all apply to weeks (    
unemploym5t beg9n+ on or aft] ! e>li]   
(-- 7,a7 ! date ! ,/ate *anges its      
/atutes1 regulations1 or policies 9 ord]
 to comply ) su* am5dm5ts2 or  7,b7     
,janu>y #a1 #bjbb4  #bjh4 ,con=m+       
am5dm5ts  7a7 ,davis-,bacon ,act ,!     
table ( sections ( sub*apt] ,,iv ( *apt]
 #ca ( title #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z
 am5d$ by section #ajb7;f77#g71 is fur!r
 am5d$-- 7#a7 by ins]t+ aft] ! item     

relat+ to section #cdac ! foll[+3  ,sec4
 #cadc;a4 ,supply *a9 responsibility    
plan4  2  &  7#b7 by ins]t+ aft] ! item 
relat+ to section #cadd;a ! foll[+3     
,sec4 #cadd;b4 ,applicability to        
multiple employ]s & relat$ entities4  4 
7b7 ,mc,namara-,o',h>a ,s]vice ,contract
 ,act ,*apt] #fg ( title #da1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 ! table 
( sections-- 7,a7 by r$esignat+ ! items 
relat+ to sections #fgje1 #fgjf1 & #fgjg
 z ! items relat+ to sections #fgjf1    
#fgjh1 & #fgji1 respectively2  7,b7 by  
ins]t+ aft] ! item relat+ to section    
#fgja ! foll[+3  ,sec4 #fgja;a4         
,applicability to multiple employ]s &   
relat$ entities4  2  7,c7 by ins]t+ aft]
 ! item relat+ to section #fgjd !       
foll[+3  ,sec4 #fgje4 ,supply *a9       
responsibility plan4  2  &  7,d7 by     
ins]t+ aft] ! item relat+ to section    
#fgjf ! foll[+3  ,sec4 #fgjg4 ,civil    
p5alties assess$ aga9/ own]s1 directors1
 (fic]s1 manag+ ag5ts1 & l>ge %>ehold]s2
 indemnification4  4  7#b7 9 section    

#fgjd7;b71 by /rik+ sections #fgje to   
#fgjg7;d7 & ins]t+ sections #fgjf to    
#fgji7;d72 &  7#c7 9 section #fgje7;d71 
by /rik+ section #fgjg7;a7-7d7 & ins]t+ 
section #fgji7;a7-7d74  7c7             
,wal%-,healey ,public ,contracts ,act ,!
 table ( sections = *apt] #fe ( title   
#da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by    
section #ajb7;g77#g71 is fur!r am5d$--  
7#a7 by ins]t+ aft] ! item relat+ to    
section #feja;a ! foll[+3  ,sec4        
#feja;b4 ,applicability to multiple     
employ]s & relat$ entities4  2  &  7#b7 
by ins]t+ aft] ! item relat+ to section 
#fejb ! foll[+3  ,sec4 #fejb;a4 ,supply 
*a9 responsibility plan4  4  ,,iii      
,public transp>5cy on work]s' rights    
violations  #cja4 ,consum] "r to "k ab\t
 compliance ) work]s' rights  7a7 ,9    
g5]al ,! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act (     
#aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bja et seq47 is   
am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #ah;,c 7#bi
 ,u4,s4,c4 #bah;c7 ! foll[+3  #ah;,d4   
,compliance rat+s  7a7 ,requirem5t =    
po/+ notice ,an employ] %all po/ a      

notice1 provid$ ea* cal5d> ye> by !     
,secret>y "u subsection 7b71 ( !        
compliance ( ! employ] ) ! cov]$ labor  
laws dur+ ! #c cal5d> ye>s prec$+ !     
cal5d> ye> = :i* ! notice applies       
7ref]r$ to 9 ?is section z ! applicable 
#c-ye> p]iod74 ,su* notice %all be      
po/$-- 7#a7 9 ea* location ( ! employ]--
 7,a7 9 a w9d[ t is locat$ n less ?an #e
 feet f ! ma9 entry way ( su* location2 
or  7,b7 if su* a location does n h a   
w9d[ locat$ )9 #e feet ( ! ma9 entry    
way1 o!rwise )9 #e feet ( ! ma9 entry   
way2  7#b7 on ! (ficial website ( !     
employ]1 if ! employ] has su* a website2
 &  7#c7 until ! notice is replac$ by a 
revis$ notice "u ?is section or a notice
 = a subsequ5t cal5d> ye>4  7b7 ,rat+   
process  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all
 e/abli%-- 7,a7 9 accordance ) p>agraph 
7#b71 a process = annually-- 7i7 review+
 ! compliance ( ea* employ] ) ! cov]$   
labor laws dur+ ! applicable #c-ye>     
p]iod2 &  7ii7 provid+ a rat+ to ea*    
employ] indicat+ ! level ( su*          

compliance2 &  7,b7 a notice = ea*      
employ] to po/ 9 accordance ) subsection
 7a71 :i* %all-- 7i7 be easy = ! public 
to und]/&2  7ii7 indicate ! rat+ "u ?is 
subsection ( ! employ] = ! cal5d> ye>2 &
  7iii7 o!rwise be consi/5t across all  
employ]s4  7#b7 ,rat+  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! 
notice requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all   
provide a rat+ ( ! employ]'s compliance 
) ! cov]$ labor laws dur+ ! applicable  
#c-ye> p]iod 9 ! =m ( "o ( #d rat+s     
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 includ+--  
7i7 a concise summ>y1 9 ,engli%1 ( !    
compliance ( ! employ] ) ! cov]$ labor  
laws dur+ ! applicable #c-ye> p]iod2    
7ii7 an emoji face or c>toon face t     
reflects su* summ>y2 &  7iii7 a color t 
reflects su* summ>y4  7,b7 ,regulations 
,! ,secret>y %all prescribe ?r\gh       
regulations ! numb]1 degree1 & ext5t (  
violations ( ! cov]$ labor laws by an   
employ] dur+ ! applicable #c-ye> p]iod t
 w\ld qualify = ea* ( ! foll[+ #d rat+s3
 7i7 ,a rat+ ( ,excell5t-- 7,i7 mean+ ! 
employ] has _h no or few violations ( ! 

cov]$ labor laws dur+ su* p]iod2 &      
7,,ii7 :i* %all be pair$ ) a v op5-m\!d 
smil+ face & a deep-gre5 backgr\nd      
color4  7ii7 ,a rat+ ( ,good-- 7,i7     
mean+ ! employ] has _h "s violations ( !
 cov]$ labor laws dur+ su* p]iod1 b no  
major or ext5sive violations2 &  7,,ii7 
:i* %all be pair$ ) a wide-smil+ face & 
a light-gre5 backgr\nd color4  7iii7 ,a 
rat+ ( ,okay-- 7,i7 mean+ ! employ] has 
_h1 dur+ su* p]iod-- 7aa7 multiple      
violations ( ! cov]$ labor laws2 or     
7bb7 v few major or ext5sive violations 
( ! cov]$ labor laws2 &  7,,ii7 :i* %all
 be pair$ ) a flat-m\!d & un5?usia/ic   
face & a yell[ backgr\nd color4  7iv7 ,a
 rat+ ( ,ne$s ,improvem5t-- 7,i7 mean+ !
 employ] has _h1 dur+ su* p]iod-- 7aa7  
sev]al violations ( ! cov]$ labor laws2 
7bb7 m ?an a few major or ext5sive      
violations ( ! cov]$ labor laws2 or     
7cc7 willful or repeat$ violations ( !  
cov]$ labor laws 7z def9$ by ! ,secret>y
 ) respect to ! cov]$ labor laws72 &    
7,,ii7 :i* %all be pair$ ) a fr[n+ sad  

face & a gray backgr\nd color4  7#c7    
,review process ,= ea* review "u ?is    
section ( ! compliance ( an employ] ) ! 
cov]$ labor laws1 includ+ any additional
 review "u subsection 7c7 or 7d71 !     
,secret>y %all review-- 7,a7 any        
in=mation ! employ] provides to !       
,secret>y ) respect to ! compliance ( ! 
employ] ) ! cov]$ labor laws = !        
applicable #c-ye> p]iod2  7,b7 any      
in=mation provid$ by any o!r individual 
or organization ) respect to su*        
compliance2 &  7,c7 any o!r in=mation ! 
,secret>y det]m9es appropriate = !      
review4  7c7 ,additional review ^u claim
 ( inaccuracy  7#a7 ,reque/ ,if an      
employ] claims t ! rat+ provid$ = !     
employ] "u ?is section is inaccurate1 ! 
employ] may1 n lat] ?an #aj days aft]   
receiv+ ! notice "u ?is section1 reque/ 
an additional review by ! ,secret>y ( ! 
employ]'s compliance ) ! cov]$ labor    
laws dur+ ! applicable #c-ye> p]iod & a 
revis$ rat+ & notice4  7#b7 ,det]m9ation
  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,= ea* reque/ made "u   

p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y %all conduct 
an additional review describ$ 9 su*     
p>agraph & make a det]m9ation ( :e!r to 
provide a revis$ rat+ & notice4  7,b7   
,revis$ rat+ grant$ ,if ! ,secret>y     
det]m9es t an alt]ation ( ! rat+ is     
w>rant$1 ! ,secret>y may provide !      
employ] a revis$ rat+ & notice "u ?is   
section4 ,! employ] %all1 9 accordance )
 subsection 7a71 po/ any su* revis$     
notice n lat] ?an #e days aft] receiv+  
su* revis$ notice4  7,c7 ,revis$ rat+   
d5i$ ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t no      
alt]ation ( ! rat+ is w>rant$-- 7i7 !   
,secret>y %all notify ! employ] ( su*   
det]m9ation2 &  7ii7 ! employ] %all1 9  
accordance ) subsection 7a71 po/ !      
notice = :i* su* review 0 conduct$ n    
lat] ?an #e days aft] receiv+ !         
notification describ$ 9 clause 7i74     
7,d7 ,po/+ ( notice dur+ review ,if an  
employ] claims t a rat+ "u ?is section =
 a cal5d> ye> is inaccurate & submits a 
reque/ "u p>agraph 7#a7 = an additional 
review ( su* rat+1 ! employ] may refra9 

f po/+ ! notice "u ?is section = su*    
cal5d> ye> dur+ ! p]iod ( su* additional
 review4 ,if an employ] s refra9s f po/+
 su* notice1 ! employ] %all keep !      
notice ! employ] receiv$ "u ?is section 
= ! previ\s cal5d> ye> 7if ! employ]    
receiv$ su* a notice7 po/$ 9 accordance 
) subsection 7a7 dur+ ! p]iod ( su*     
additional review4  7,e7 ,limitation ,an
 employ] may n reque/ an additional     
review ( a rat+ = a cal5d> ye> "u ?is   
subsection if ! employ] has previ\sly   
reque/$ su* an additional review = !    
rat+ = su* cal5d> ye>4  7d7 ,additional 
review ^u rem$y ( violations  7#a7      
,reque/ ,if1 aft] receiv+ a notice "u   
?is section = a cal5d> ye>1 an employ]  
claims t ! employ] has1 n lat] ?an ! end
 ( su* cal5d> ye>1 fully rem$i$ a       
violation t affect$ ! rat+ ( ! employ]  
"u ?is section = t ye> & has re=m$ !    
practices ( ! employ] to ensure future  
compliance ) ! cov]$ labor laws1 !      
employ] may reque/ an additional review 
( ! employ]'s compliance ) ! cov]$ labor

 laws1 dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! fir/ day
 ( ! applicable #c-ye> p]iod & end+ on !
 date on :i* ! employ] submits ! reque/1
 & a revis$ rat+ & notice "u ?is section
 = ! ye>4  7#b7 ,det]m9ation  7,a7 ,9   
g5]al ,= ea* reque/ made "u p>agraph    
7#a71 ! ,secret>y %all conduct a review 
describ$ 9 su* p>agraph & make a        
det]m9ation z to :e!r to provide a      
revis$ rat+ & notice4  7,b7 ,revis$ rat+
 grant$ ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t !    
employ] has1 dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ on !   
fir/ day ( ! applicable #c-ye> p]iod &  
end+ on ! date on :i* ! employ] submits 
! reque/ "u p>agraph 7#a71 fully rem$i$ 
! violation ) respect to :i* ! employ]  
submitt$ ! reque/ & has re=m$ its       
practices to ensure future compliance ) 
! cov]$ labor laws-- 7i7 ! ,secret>y may
 provide ! employ] ) a revis$ rat+ &    
notice "u ?is section2 &  7ii7 if !     
,secret>y provides a revis$ rat+ &      
notice "u clause 7i71 ! employ] %all1 9 
accordance ) subsection 7a71 po/ su*    
revis$ notice n lat] ?an #e days aft]   

receiv+ su* revis$ notice4  7,c7 ,revis$
 rat+ d5i$ ,if ! ,secret>y decides n to 
grant a revis$ rat+ & notice "u ?is     
subsection1 ! ,secret>y %all notify !   
employ] ( su* decision4  7,d7 ,po/+ (   
notice dur+ review ,an employ] %all keep
 ! notice = :i* a review "u ?is         
subsection applies po/$ 9 accordance )  
subsection 7a7 until ! ,secret>y1 if    
applicable1 provides a revis$ rat+ &    
notice "u subp>agraph 7,b77i74  7e7     
,f9al review ,except = ! reviews        
describ$ 9 subsections 7c7 & 7d71 !re   
%all be no o!r reviews1 includ+ judicial
 review1 ( ! det]m9ations ( ! ,secret>y 
reg>d+ ! rat+ ( an employ] "u ?is       
section4  7f7 ,po/+ 9 local newspap] ,if
 an employ] violates a provision ( ?is  
section = m ?an "o mon?1 ! employ] %all1
 9 addition to ! p5alties "u section    
#af7;e77#aa71 publi% ! notice provid$ "u
 ?is section 9 ! mo/ prom95t local      
newspap]1 z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y4  7g7
 ,public website  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,!      
,secret>y %all e/abli% & ma9ta9 a public

 website t includes-- 7,a7 ! mo/ rec5t  
rat+1 & all previ\s rat+s1 "u ?is       
section = ea* employ]1 :i* %all be      
accessible ?r\gh a simple se>* feature--
 7i7 by employ] "n1 city1 or zip code2 &
  7ii7 by location on a digital map2 &  
7,b7 an acc\nt+ ( e violation by ea*    
employ] dur+ ! #c-ye> p]iod ( ! mo/     
rec5t rat+ "u ?is section4  7#b7 ,rank+s
 ,! ,secret>y may use ! website "u ?is  
subsection to provide rank+s ( employ]s1
 includ+ by comp>+ employ]s to o!r      
employ]s 9 ! same indu/ry4  7h7         
,def9ition ( cov]$ labor laws ,=        
purposes ( ?is section1 ! t]m cov]$     
labor laws means1 to ! ext5t applicable 
to ! employ]1 ea* ( ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,?is 
,act4  7#b7 ,! ,occupational ,safety &  
,heal? ,act ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #fea 
et seq474  7#c7 ,! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety &
 ,heal? ,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #hja
 et seq474  7#d7 ,! ,migrant & ,seasonal
 ,agricultural ,work] ,protection ,act  
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #ahja et seq474  7#e7 ,! 
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   

,u4,s4,c4 #aea et seq474  7#f7 ,sub*apt]
 ,,iv ( *apt] #ca ( title #dj1 ,unit$   
,/ates ,code 7commonly kn[n z !         
,davis-,bacon ,act74  7#g7 ,*apt] #fg ( 
title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code 7commonly
 kn[n z ! ,mc,namara-,o',h>a ,s]vice    
,contract ,act74  7#h7 ,section #ejc ( !
 ,rehabilitation ,act ( #aigc 7#bi      
,u4,s4,c4 #gic74  7#i7 ,! ,family &     
,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic 7#bi        
,u4,s4,c4 #bfja et seq474  7#aj7 ,title 
,,vii ( ! ,civil ,rights ,act ( #aifd   
7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #bjjj;e et seq474  7#aa7 
,! ,am]icans ) ,disabilities ,act (     
#aiij 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #abaja et seq474   
7#ab7 ,! ,age ,discrim9ation 9          
,employm5t ,act ( #aifg 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4  
#fba et seq474  7#ac7 ,title ,,ii ( !   
,g5etic ,in=mation ,nondiscrim9ation    
,act ( #bjjh 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #bjjj;ff et 
seq474  7#ad7 ,any ,/ate law t !        
,secret>y det]m9es is equival5t to a law
 describ$ 9 any ( p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh  
7#ac74  4  7b7 ,p5alties ,section       
#af7;e7 ( ! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act (  

#aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #baf7;e771 z am5d$ 
by section #bjg7;a77#b71 is fur!r am5d$ 
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#aa7       
,p5alties = violations ( compliance rat+
 provisions ,any p]son :o violates      
section #ah;,d %all be subject to a     
civil p5alty ( n m ?an #a1jjj = ea*     
employee ( ! employ] work+ at ! location
 :]e ! violation occurr$ & = ea* day ( !
 violation4  4  ,,iv ,creat+ broad &    
increas+ work] protections  #dja4 ,g5]al
 /&>ds = apply+ & int]pret+ work]s'     
rights  7a7 ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act (  
#aich ,! ,fair ,labor ,/&>ds ,act (     
#aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bja et seq47 is   
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  #bj4  
,g5]al /&>ds = apply+ & int]pret+       
work]s' rights  7a7 ,int]pretation (    
protections & exemptions  7#a7          
,protections ,all protections af=d$     
employees "u ?is ,act1 includ+ z appli$ 
?r\gh ! def9itions "u section #c1 %all  
be int]pret$ expansively 9 favor ( !    
employee or individual claim+           
classification z an employee4  7#b7     

,exemptions & exclusions  7,a7 ,9 g5]al 
,all exemptions & exclusions "u ?is     
,act1 includ+ z appli$ ?r\gh !          
def9itions "u section #c1 %all be       
int]pret$ n>r[ly aga9/ ! employ]1 or    
p]son alleg$ to be an employ]1 & limit$ 
9 application to ^? p]sons or           
circum/ances pla9ly & unmi/akably )9 !  
language & _s ( ! exemption or          
exclusion4  7,b7 ,cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce
 ,any p]son ass]t+ ! applicability ( an 
exemption or exclusion "u ?is ,act %all 
prove su* applicability by cle> &       
conv9c+ evid5ce4  7b7                   
,no-,less-,protection rule  7#a7 ,9     
g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all n take any      
action to r$uce a protection af=d$ an   
employee "u ?is ,act ?r\gh any          
regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1     
/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation f ! protection provid$
 to ! employee ?r\gh a prior regulation1
 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1    
adjudicative decision1 or o!r           
int]pretation 9 effect on ! day be=e !  

date ( su* action1 unless su* r$uction  
is explicitly & specifically m&at$ by an
 ,act ( ,congress4  7#b7 ,reque/ =      
,congressional action ,! ,secret>y may  
submit a proposal to ,congress = a      
r$uction describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 b    
%all n take any action describ$ 9 su*   
p>agraph )\t an explicit & specific     
m&ate by an ,act ( ,congress4  7#c7     
,/&>d ( def]5ce ,not)/&+ *apt] #g (     
title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 9 any    
action = judicial review ( an ag5cy     
action "u su* *apt]1 a review+ c\rt %all
 def] to a regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1
 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative         
decision1 or o!r int]pretation issu$ by 
! ag5cy t increases or o!rwise /r5g!ns a
 protection af=d$ to an employee "u ?is 
,act unless su* regulation1 guidance1   
op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative  
decision1 or o!r int]pretation is pla9ly
 errone\s or inconsi/5t ) ?is ,act4  4  
7b7 ,national ,labor ,relations ,act ,! 
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #aea et seq47 is am5d$ by add+

 at ! end ! foll[+3  #bj4 ,g5]al /&>ds =
 apply+ & int]pret+ work]s' rights  7a7 
,int]pretation ( protections &          
exemptions  7#a7 ,protections ,all      
protections af=d$ employees "u ?is ,act1
 includ+ z appli$ ?r\gh ! def9itions "u 
section #b1 %all be int]pret$           
expansively 9 favor ( ! employee or     
individual claim+ classification z an   
employee4  7#b7 ,exemptions & exclusions
  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,all exemptions &       
exclusions "u ?is ,act1 includ+ z appli$
 ?r\gh ! def9itions "u section #b1 %all 
be int]pret$ n>r[ly aga9/ ! employ]1 or 
p]son alleg$ to be an employ]1 & limit$ 
9 application to ^? p]sons or           
circum/ances pla9ly & unmi/akably )9 !  
language & _s ( ! exemption or          
exclusion4  7,b7 ,cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce
 ,any p]son ass]t+ ! applicability ( an 
exemption or exclusion "u ?is ,act %all 
prove su* applicability by cle> &       
conv9c+ evid5ce4  7b7                   
,no-,less-,protection rule  7#a7 ,9     
g5]al ,! ,bo>d1 ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel1 & any 

regional director %all n take any action
 to r$uce a protection af=d$ an employee
 "u ?is ,act ?r\gh any regulation1      
guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1     
adjudicative decision1 or o!r           
int]pretation f ! protection provid$ to 
! employee ?r\gh a prior regulation1    
guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1     
adjudicative decision1 or o!r           
int]pretation 9 effect on ! day be=e !  
date ( su* action1 unless su* r$uction  
is explicitly & specifically m&at$ by an
 ,act ( ,congress4  7#b7 ,reque/ =      
,congressional action ,! ,bo>d may      
submit a proposal to ,congress = a      
r$uction describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 b !  
,bo>d1 ! ,g5]al ,c\nsel1 or any regional
 director %all n take any action        
describ$ 9 su* p>agraph )\t an explicit 
& specific m&ate by an ,act ( ,congress4
  7#c7 ,/&>d ( def]5ce ,not)/&+ *apt] #g
 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 9 any 
action = judicial review ( an ag5cy     
action "u su* *apt]1 a review+ c\rt %all
 def] to a regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1

 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative         
decision1 or o!r int]pretation issu$ by 
! ag5cy t increases or o!rwise /r5g!ns a
 protection af=d$ to an employee "u ?is 
,act unless su* regulation1 guidance1   
op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative  
decision1 or o!r int]pretation is pla9ly
 errone\s or inconsi/5t ) ?is ,act4  4  
7c7 ,occupational ,safety & ,heal? ,act 
( #aigj ,! ,occupational ,safety &      
,heal? ,act ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #fea 
et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section
 #cb 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #fgg7 ! foll[+3     
#cb;,a4 ,g5]al /&>ds = apply+ &         
int]pret+ work]s' rights  7a7           
,int]pretation ( protections &          
exemptions  7#a7 ,protections ,all      
protections af=d$ employees "u ?is ,act1
 includ+ z appli$ ?r\gh ! def9itions "u 
section #c1 %all be int]pret$           
expansively 9 favor ( ! employee or     
individual claim+ classification z an   
employee4  7#b7 ,exemptions & exclusions
  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,all exemptions &       
exclusions "u ?is ,act1 includ+ z appli$

 ?r\gh ! def9itions "u section #c1 %all 
be int]pret$ n>r[ly aga9/ ! employ]1 or 
p]son alleg$ to be an employ]1 & limit$ 
9 application to ^? p]sons or           
circum/ances pla9ly & unmi/akably )9 !  
language & _s ( ! exemption or          
exclusion4  7,b7 ,cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce
 ,any p]son ass]t+ ! applicability ( an 
exemption or exclusion "u ?is ,act %all 
prove su* applicability by cle> &       
conv9c+ evid5ce4  7b7                   
,no-,less-,protection rule  7#a7 ,9     
g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all n take any      
action to r$uce a protection af=d$ an   
employee "u ?is ,act ?r\gh any          
regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1     
/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation f ! protection provid$
 to ! employee ?r\gh a prior regulation1
 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1    
adjudicative decision1 or o!r           
int]pretation 9 effect on ! day be=e !  
date ( su* action1 unless su* r$uction  
is explicitly & specifically m&at$ by an
 ,act ( ,congress4  7#b7 ,reque/ =      

,congressional action ,! ,secret>y may  
submit a proposal to ,congress = a      
r$uction describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 b    
%all n take any action describ$ 9 su*   
p>agraph )\t an explicit & specific     
m&ate by an ,act ( ,congress4  7#c7     
,/&>d ( def]5ce ,not)/&+ *apt] #g (     
title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 9 any    
action = judicial review ( an ag5cy     
action "u su* *apt]1 a review+ c\rt %all
 def] to a regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1
 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative         
decision1 or o!r int]pretation issu$ by 
! ag5cy t increases or o!rwise /r5g!ns a
 protection af=d$ to an employee "u ?is 
,act unless su* regulation1 guidance1   
op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative  
decision1 or o!r int]pretation is pla9ly
 errone\s or inconsi/5t ) ?is ,act4  4  
7d7 ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety & ,heal? ,act ( 
#aigg ,title ,i ( ! ,f$]al ,m9e ,safety 
& ,heal? ,act 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #haa et    
seq471 z am5d$ by section #bjb7;b77#d71 
is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  #aai4 ,g5]al /&>ds = apply+ &  

int]pret+ work]s' rights  7a7           
,int]pretation ( protections &          
exemptions  7#a7 ,protections ,all      
protections af=d$ "u ?is ,act1 includ+  
any m&atory heal? or safety /&>d1 rule1 
ord]1 or regulation promulgat$ pursuant 
to ?is ,act1 to employees p]=m+ labor 9 
a coal or o!r m9e %all be int]pret$     
expansively 9 favor ( ! employee or     
individual claim+ classification z an   
employee4  7#b7 ,exemptions & exclusions
  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,all exemptions &       
exclusions "u ?is ,act1 includ+ any     
m&atory heal? or safety /&>d1 rule1     
ord]1 or regulation promulgat$ pursuant 
to ?is ,act1 %all be int]pret$ n>r[ly   
aga9/ an op]ator ( a coal or o!r m9e    
employ+ employees p]=m+ labor 9 ! coal  
or o!r m9e1 or p]son alleg$ to be su* an
 op]ator1 & limit$ 9 application to ^?  
p]sons or circum/ances pla9ly &         
unmi/akably )9 ! language & _s ( !      
exemption or exclusion4  7,b7 ,cle> &   
conv9c+ evid5ce ,any p]son ass]t+ !     
applicability ( an exemption or         

exclusion "u ?is ,act1 includ+ any      
m&atory heal? or safety /&>d1 rule1     
ord]1 or regulation promulgat$ pursuant 
to ?is ,act1 %all prove su*             
applicability by cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce4
  7b7 ,no-,less-,protection rule  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all n take any   
action to r$uce a protection af=d$ "u   
?is ,act1 includ+ any m&atory heal? or  
safety /&>d1 rule1 ord]1 or regulation  
promulgat$ pursuant to ?is ,act1 to an  
employee p]=m+ labor 9 a coal or o!r m9e
 ?r\gh any regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1
 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative         
decision1 or o!r int]pretation f !      
protection provid$ to ! employee ?r\gh a
 prior regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1    
rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1
 or o!r int]pretation 9 effect on ! day 
be=e ! date ( su* action1 unless su*    
r$uction is explicitly & specifically   
m&at$ by an ,act ( ,congress4  7#b7     
,reque/ = ,congressional action ,!      
,secret>y may submit a proposal to      
,congress = a r$uction describ$ 9       

p>agraph 7#a71 b %all n take any action 
describ$ 9 su* p>agraph )\t an explicit 
& specific m&ate by an ,act ( ,congress4
  7#c7 ,/&>d ( def]5ce ,not)/&+ *apt] #g
 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 9 any 
action = judicial review ( an ag5cy     
action "u su* *apt]1 a review+ c\rt %all
 def] to a regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1
 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative         
decision1 or o!r int]pretation issu$ by 
! ag5cy t increases or o!rwise /r5g!ns a
 protection af=d$ to an employee p]=m+  
labor 9 a coal or o!r m9e "u ?is ,act1  
includ+ any m&atory heal? or safety     
/&>d1 rule1 ord]1 or regulation         
promulgat$ pursuant to ?is ,act1 unless 
su* regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1 
/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation is pla9ly errone\s or 
inconsi/5t ) ?is ,act1 includ+ any      
m&atory heal? or safety /&>d1 rule1     
ord]1 or regulation promulgat$ pursuant 
to ?is ,act4  4  7e7 ,migrant &         
,seasonal ,agricultural ,work]          
,protection ,act ,"p ,b ( title ,v ( !  

,migrant & ,seasonal ,agricultural      
,work] ,protection ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4  
#ahfa et seq47 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end
 ! foll[+3  #ead4 ,g5]al /&>ds = apply+ 
& int]pret+ work]s' rights  7a7         
,int]pretation ( protections &          
exemptions  7#a7 ,protections ,all      
protections af=d$ "u ?is ,act1 includ+  
any regulation "u ?is ,act1 to migrant  
agricultural work]s or seasonal         
agricultural work]s %all be int]pret$   
expansively 9 favor ( ! work] or        
individual claim+ classification z su* a
 work]4  7#b7 ,exemptions & exclusion   
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,all exemptions &         
exclusions "u ?is ,act1 includ+ any     
regulation "u ?is ,act1 %all be         
int]pret$ n>r[ly aga9/ an agricultural  
employ]1 agricultural association1 or   
f>m labor contractor employ+ a migrant  
agricultural work] or seasonal          
agricultural work]1 or p]son alleg$ to  
be su* an employ]1 association1 or      
contractor1 & limit$ 9 application to ^?
 p]sons or circum/ances pla9ly &        

unmi/akably )9 ! language & _s ( !      
exemption or exclusion4  7,b7 ,cle> &   
conv9c+ evid5ce ,any p]son ass]t+ !     
applicability ( an exemption or         
exclusion "u ?is ,act1 includ+ a        
regulation "u ?is ,act1 %all prove su*  
applicability by cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce4
  7b7 ,no-,less-,protection rule  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all n take any   
action to r$uce a protection af=d$ "u   
?is ,act1 includ+ a regulation "u ?is   
,act1 to a migrant agricultural work] or
 a seasonal agricultural work] ?r\gh any
 regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1    
/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation f ! protection provid$
 to ! work] ?r\gh a prior regulation1   
guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1     
adjudicative decision1 or o!r           
int]pretation 9 effect on ! day be=e !  
date ( su* action1 unless su* r$uction  
is explicitly & specifically m&at$ by an
 ,act ( ,congress4  7#b7 ,reque/ =      
,congressional action ,! ,secret>y may  
submit a proposal to ,congress = a      

r$uction describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 b    
%all n take any action describ$ 9 su*   
p>agraph )\t an explicit & specific     
m&ate by an ,act ( ,congress4  7#c7     
,/&>d ( def]5ce ,not)/&+ *apt] #g (     
title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 9 any    
action = judicial review ( an ag5cy     
action "u su* *apt]1 a review+ c\rt %all
 def] to a regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1
 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative         
decision1 or o!r int]pretation issu$ by 
! ag5cy t increases or o!rwise /r5g!ns a
 protection af=d$ "u ?is ,act1 includ+ a
 regulation "u ?is ,act1 to a migrant   
agricultural work] or seasonal          
agricultural work] unless su*           
regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1     
/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation is pla9ly errone\s or 
inconsi/5t ) ?is ,act1 includ+ a        
regulation "u ?is ,act4  4  7f7         
,davis-,bacon ,act  7#a7 ,9 g5]al       
,sub*apt] ,,iv ( *apt] #ca1 ,unit$      
,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end 
! foll[+3  #cadi4 ,g5]al /&>ds = apply+ 

& int]pret+ work]s' rights  7a7         
,int]pretation ( protections &          
exemptions  7#a7 ,protections ,all      
protections af=d$ "u ?is sub*apt] to    
labor]s & me*anics :o are employees     
p]=m+ labor "u a contract or subcontract
 to :i* ?is sub*apt] applies %all be    
int]pret$ expansively 9 favor ( su*     
labor] or me*anic or individual claim+  
classification z su* a labor] or        
me*anic4  7#b7 ,exemptions & exclusions 
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,all exemptions &         
exclusions "u ?is sub*apt] %all be      
int]pret$ n>r[ly aga9/ a contractor or  
subcontractor ( a contract to :i* ?is   
sub*apt] applies1 or p]son alleg$ to be 
su* a contractor or subcontractor1 &    
limit$ 9 application to ^? p]sons or    
circum/ances pla9ly & unmi/akably )9 !  
language & _s ( ! exemption or          
exclusion4  7,b7 ,cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce
 ,any p]son ass]t+ ! applicability ( an 
exemption or exclusion "u ?is sub*apt]  
%all prove su* applicability by cle> &  
conv9c+ evid5ce4  7b7                   

,no-,less-,protection rule  7#a7 ,9     
g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all n take any      
action to r$uce a protection af=d$ "u   
?is sub*apt] to a labor] or me*anic :o  
is an employee p]=m+ labor "u a contract
 or subcontract to :i* ?is sub*apt]     
applies ?r\gh any regulation1 guidance1 
op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative  
decision1 or o!r int]pretation f !      
protection provid$ to su* labor] or     
me*anic ?r\gh a prior regulation1       
guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1     
adjudicative decision1 or o!r           
int]pretation 9 effect on ! day be=e !  
date ( su* action1 unless su* r$uction  
is explicitly & specifically m&at$ by an
 ,act ( ,congress4  7#b7 ,reque/ =      
,congressional action ,! ,secret>y may  
submit a proposal to ,congress = a      
r$uction describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 b    
%all n take any action describ$ 9 su*   
p>agraph )\t an explicit & specific     
m&ate by an ,act ( ,congress4  7#c7     
,/&>d ( def]5ce ,not)/&+ *apt] #g (     
title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 9 any    

action = judicial review ( an ag5cy     
action "u su* *apt]1 a review+ c\rt %all
 def] to a regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1
 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative         
decision1 or o!r int]pretation issu$ by 
! ag5cy t increases or o!rwise /r5g!ns a
 protection af=d$ "u ?is sub*apt] to a  
labor] or me*anic :o is an employee     
p]=m+ labor "u a contract or subcontract
 to :i* ?is sub*apt] applies unless su* 
regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1     
/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation is pla9ly errone\s or 
inconsi/5t ) ?is sub*apt]4  4  7#b7     
,table ( sections ,! table ( sections = 
sub*apt] ,,iv ( *apt] #ca ( title #dj1  
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at
 ! end ! foll[+3 ,sec4 #cadi4 ,g5]al    
/&>ds = apply+ & int]pret+ work]s'      
rights4  7g7 ,mc,namara-,o',h>a ,s]vice 
,contract ,act ,section #fgji ( title   
#da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z am5d$ by    
section #bjb7;b77#g77;,a71 is fur!r     
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7g7   
,g5]al /&>ds = apply+ & int]pret+       

work]s' rights  7#a7 ,int]pretation (   
protections & exemptions  7,a7          
,protections ,all protections af=d$     
s]vice employees "u ?is *apt] %all be   
int]pret$ expansively 9 favor ( ! s]vice
 employee or individual claim+          
classification z a s]vice employee4     
7,b7 ,exemptions & exclusions  7i7 ,9   
g5]al ,all exemptions & exclusions "u   
?is *apt] %all be int]pret$ n>r[ly aga9/
 ! contractor or subcontractor to :i*   
?is *apt] applies1 or p]son alleg$ to be
 su* a contractor or subcontractor1 &   
limit$ 9 application to ^? p]sons or    
circum/ances pla9ly & unmi/akably )9 !  
language & _s ( ! exemption or          
exclusion4  7ii7 ,cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce
 ,any p]son ass]t+ ! applicability ( an 
exemption or exclusion "u ?is *apt] %all
 prove su* applicability by cle> &      
conv9c+ evid5ce4  7#b7                  
,no-less-protection rule  7,a7 ,9 g5]al 
,! ,secret>y %all n take any action to  
r$uce a protection af=d$ "u ?is *apt] to
 a s]vice employee ?r\gh any regulation1

 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1    
adjudicative decision1 or o!r           
int]pretation f ! protection provid$ to 
! s]vice employee ?r\gh a prior         
regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1     
/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation 9 effect on ! day be=e
 ! date ( su* action1 unless su*        
r$uction is explicitly & specifically   
m&at$ by an ,act ( ,congress4  7,b7     
,reque/ = ,congressional action ,!      
,secret>y may submit a proposal to      
,congress = a r$uction describ$ 9       
subp>agraph 7,a71 b %all n take any     
action describ$ 9 su* subp>agraph )\t an
 explicit & specific m&ate by an ,act ( 
,congress4  7,c7 ,/&>d ( def]5ce        
,not)/&+ *apt] #g ( title #e1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 9 any action = judicial   
review ( an ag5cy action "u su* *apt]1 a
 review+ c\rt %all def] to a regulation1
 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1    
adjudicative decision1 or o!r           
int]pretation issu$ by ! ag5cy t        
increases or o!rwise /r5g!ns a          

protection af=d$ to a s]vice employee "u
 ?is *apt] unless su* regulation1       
guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1     
adjudicative decision1 or o!r           
int]pretation is pla9ly errone\s or     
inconsi/5t ) ?is *apt]4  4  7h7         
,wal%-,healey ,public ,contracts ,act   
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,*apt] #fe ( title #da1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at
 ! end ! foll[+3  #feab4 ,g5]al /&>ds = 
apply+ & int]pret+ work]s' rights  7a7  
,int]pretation ( protections &          
exemptions  7#a7 ,protections ,all      
protections af=d$ "u ?is *apt] to       
individuals p]=m+ any labor1 ) respect  
to ! manufacture or furni%+ ( mat]ials1 
supplies1 articles1 or equipm5t "u a    
contract to :i* ?is *apt] applies1 :o is
 an employee ( ! contractor ( su*       
contract1 %all be int]pret$ expansively 
9 favor ( su* individual or an          
individual claim+ classification z su*  
an individual4  7#b7 ,exemptions &      
exclusions  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,all          
exemptions & exclusions "u ?is *apt]    

%all be int]pret$ n>r[ly aga9/ !        
contractor ( a contract to :i* ?is *apt]
 applies1 or p]son alleg$ to be su* a   
contractor1 & limit$ 9 application to ^?
 p]sons or circum/ances pla9ly &        
unmi/akably )9 ! language & _s ( !      
exemption or exclusion4  7,b7 ,cle> &   
conv9c+ evid5ce ,any p]son ass]t+ !     
applicability ( an exemption or         
exclusion "u ?is *apt] %all prove su*   
applicability by cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce4
  7b7 ,no-,less-,protection rule  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all n take any   
action to r$uce a protection af=d$ "u   
?is *apt] to an individual p]=m+ any    
labor1 ) respect to ! manufacture or    
furni%+ ( mat]ials1 supplies1 articles1 
or equipm5t "u a contract to :i* ?is    
*apt] applies1 :o is an employee ( !    
contractor ( su* contract1 ?r\gh any    
regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1     
/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation f ! protection provid$
 to su* individual ?r\gh a prior        
regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1     

/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation 9 effect on ! day be=e
 ! date ( su* action1 unless su*        
r$uction is explicitly & specifically   
m&at$ by an ,act ( ,congress4  7#b7     
,reque/ = ,congressional action ,!      
,secret>y may submit a proposal to      
,congress = a r$uction describ$ 9       
p>agraph 7#a71 b %all n take any action 
describ$ 9 su* p>agraph )\t an explicit 
& specific m&ate by an ,act ( ,congress4
  7#c7 ,/&>d ( def]5ce ,not)/&+ *apt] #g
 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 9 any 
action = judicial review ( an ag5cy     
action "u su* *apt]1 a review+ c\rt %all
 def] to a regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1
 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative         
decision1 or o!r int]pretation issu$ by 
! ag5cy t increases or o!rwise /r5g!ns a
 protection af=d$ "u ?is *apt] to an    
individual p]=m+ any labor1 ) respect to
 ! manufacture or furni%+ ( mat]ials1   
supplies1 articles1 or equipm5t "u a    
contract to :i* ?is *apt] applies1 :o is
 an employee ( ! contractor ( su*       

contract1 unless su* regulation1        
guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1     
adjudicative decision1 or o!r           
int]pretation is pla9ly errone\s or     
inconsi/5t ) ?is *apt]4  4  7#b7 ,table 
( sections ,! table ( sections = *apt]  
#fe ( title #da1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is
 am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 ,sec4 
#feab4 ,g5]al /&>ds = apply+ & int]pret+
 work]s' rights4  7i7 ,family & ,m$ical 
,leave ,act ( #aiic  7#a7 ,9 g5]al      
,title ,i ( ! ,family & ,m$ical ,leave  
,act ( #aiic 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #bfaa et    
seq47 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end !       
foll[+3  #aaj4 ,g5]al /&>ds = apply+ &  
int]pret+ work]s' rights  7a7           
,int]pretation ( protections &          
exemptions  7#a7 ,protections ,all      
protections af=d$ eligible employees "u 
?is title1 includ+ z appli$ ?r\gh !     
def9itions "u section #c1 %all be       
int]pret$ expansively 9 favor ( !       
eligible employee or individual claim+  
classification z an eligible employee4  
7#b7 ,exemptions & exclusions  7,a7 ,9  

g5]al ,all exemptions & exclusions "u   
?is title1 includ+ z appli$ ?r\gh !     
def9itions "u section #c1 %all be       
int]pret$ n>r[ly aga9/ ! employ]1 or    
p]son alleg$ to be an employ]1 & limit$ 
9 application to ^? p]sons or           
circum/ances pla9ly & unmi/akably )9 !  
language & _s ( ! exemption or          
exclusion4  7,b7 ,cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce
 ,any p]son ass]t+ ! applicability ( an 
exemption or exclusion "u ?is title %all
 prove su* applicability by cle> &      
conv9c+ evid5ce4  7b7                   
,no-,less-,protection rule  7#a7 ,9     
g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all n take any      
action to r$uce a protection af=d$ an   
eligible employee "u ?is title ?r\gh any
 regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1    
/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation f ! protection provid$
 to ! eligible employee ?r\gh a prior   
regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1     
/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation 9 effect on ! day be=e
 ! date ( su* action1 unless su*        

r$uction is explicitly & specifically   
m&at$ by an ,act ( ,congress4  7#b7     
,reque/ = ,congressional action ,!      
,secret>y may submit a proposal to      
,congress = a r$uction describ$ 9       
p>agraph 7#a71 b %all n take any action 
describ$ 9 su* p>agraph )\t an explicit 
& specific m&ate by an ,act ( ,congress4
  7#c7 ,/&>d ( def]5ce ,not)/&+ *apt] #g
 ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 9 any 
action = judicial review ( an ag5cy     
action "u su* *apt]1 a review+ c\rt %all
 def] to a regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1
 rul+1 /&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative         
decision1 or o!r int]pretation issu$ by 
! ag5cy t increases or o!rwise /r5g!ns a
 protection af=d$ to an eligible        
employee "u ?is title unless su*        
regulation1 guidance1 op9ion1 rul+1     
/&>d1 ord]1 adjudicative decision1 or   
o!r int]pretation is pla9ly errone\s or 
inconsi/5t ) ?is title4  4  7#b7 ,table 
( cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts 9 section  
#a7;b7 ( ! ,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act
 ( #aiic is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] ! item 

relat+ to section #aji ! foll[+3  ,sec4 
#aaj4 ,g5]al /&>ds = apply+ & int]pret+ 
work]s' rights4  4  7j7 ,f$]al          
,unemploym5t ,tax ,act 7,,futa7  7#a7 ,9
 g5]al ,section #ccjf7w7 ( ! ,int]nal   
,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf1 z am5d$ by       
section #bjf7;j71 is am5d$ by add+ at ! 
end ! foll[+ new p>agraph3  7#h7        
,section #bj ( su* ,act4  4  7#b7       
,effective date ,! am5dm5t made by      
p>agraph 7#a7 %all apply to s]vices     
r5d]$ on or aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjbb4     
#djb4 ,/atutes ( limitation  7a7 ,,flsa2
 ,wal%-,healey ,public ,contracts ,act2 
,davis-,bacon ,act ,section #f ( !      
,portal-to-,portal ,act ( #aidg 7#bi    
,u4,s4,c4 #bee7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 !     
matt] prec$+ subsection 7a71 by /rik+ = 
unpaid m9imum wages1 unpaid ov]time     
comp5sation1 or liquidat$ damages12 &   
7#b7 9 subsection 7a7-- 7,a7 by /rik+   
two ye>s ea* place x appe>s & ins]t+ #d 
ye>s2  7,b7 by ins]t+ or repeat$ aft]   
willful2 &  7,c7 by /rik+ ?ree ye>s &   
ins]t+ #f ye>s4  7b7 ,national ,labor   

,relations ,act ,section #aj7;b7 ( !    
,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi   
,u4,s4,c4 #afj7;b77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by  
/rik+ six mon?s prior to ! fil+ ( ! *>ge
 ) ! ,bo>d & ins]t+ #d ye>s prior to !  
fil+ ( ! *>ge ) ! ,bo>d1 or #f ye>s     
prior to su* fil+ 9 ! case ( an alleg$  
willful or repeat$ unfair labor         
practice12 &  7#b7 by /rik+ six-mon?    
p]iod & ins]t+ #d-ye> p]iod1 or #f-ye>  
p]iod1 z applicable14  7c7 ,occupational
 ,safety & ,heal? ,act ( #aigj ,section 
#i7;c7 ( ! ,occupational ,safety &      
,heal? ,act ( #aigj 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      
#feh7;c77 is am5d$ by /rik+ expiration (
 six mon?s foll[+ ! occurr5ce ( any     
violation & ins]t+ 8expiration (--  7#a7
 except z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 #d   
ye>s foll[+ ! occurr5ce ( any violation 
describ$ 9 subsection 7a72 or  7#b7 9 ! 
case ( a violation describ$ 9 subsection
 7a7 t is willful or repeat$1 #f ye>s   
foll[+ ! occurr5ce ( ! violation4  4    
7d7 ,family & ,m$ical ,leave ,act (     
#aiic ,section #ajg7;c7 ( ! ,family &   

,m$ical ,leave ,act ( #aiic 7#bi        
,u4,s4,c4 #bfag7;c77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9  
p>agraph 7#a71 by /rik+ #b ye>s & ins]t+
 #d ye>s2 &  7#b7 9 p>agraph 7#b71 by   
/rik+ #c ye>s & ins]t+ #f ye>s4  ,v     
,g5]al provisions  #eja4 ,sev]ability   
,if any provision ( ?is ,act or !       
application ( su* provision to any      
p]son1 entity1 gov]nm5t1 or circum/ance1
 is held to be uncon/itutional1 !       
rema9d] ( ?is ,act1 or ! application (  
su* provision to all o!r p]sons1        
entities1 gov]nm5ts1 or circum/ances1   
%all n be affect$ !reby4