,i  #aaf? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  ,h4
 ,r4 #hbjh  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(          
,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #aa1        
#bjbj,mr4 ,cook introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2
 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on        
,natural ,res\rces  ,a ,,bill  ,to ext5d
 ,f$]al recognition to ! ,mono ,lake    
,kutzadikaa ,tribe1 & = o!r purposes4   
#a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z 
! ,mono ,lake ,kutzadikaa ,tribe        
,recognition ,act 4  #b4 ,f9d+s         
,congress f9ds z foll[s3 7#a7 ,! ,mono  
,lake ,kutzadikaa ,tribe has exi/$ = "t 
immemorial 9 ! ,mono ,bas9 ( ea/-c5tral 
,cali=nia & adjac5t ,nevada4  7#b7 ,!   
,mono ,lake ,kutzadikaa p 7 fir/        
enc\nt]$ 9 #ahbe by e>ly trapp]s 9 !    
area1 b 7 (ficially docum5t$ by ! ,f$]al
 ,gov]nm5t 9 ,june #aheb by ,army       
,lieut5ant ,tr$well ,moore1 :o 0 9      
pursuit ( ho/ile ,indians 9 !           
,yo-,ham-i-te 7today ,yosemite7 ,valley1
 & track$ !m ?r\gh a previ\sly          
undiscov]$ pass ?r\gh ! ,si]ra ,m\nta9s 
t lead to ,mono ,lake4 ,! pass 0 lat]   

nam$ ,mono ,pass also kn[n z ,tsadoba1  
aft] ! ,indians ( t "n4  7#c7 ,! ,tribe1
 l all tribes 9 ,cali=nia1 0 n !        
b5efici>y ( a res]vation ?r\gh ! treaty 
process & rema9$ l&less & )\t ,f$]al    
protection 9 ! wake ( ! ,cali=nia gold  
ru% & o!r non-,indian encroa*m5t into ! 
,tribe's aborig9al l&s4  7#d7 ,9 #aijd1 
! plight ( ! ,tribe 0 br\ght to !       
att5tion ( ! ,committee on ,indian      
,affairs by ! ,nor!rn ,cali=nia ,indian 
,association ?r\gh a petition &         
ext5sive1 b n exhau/ive1 /udy docum5t+ !
 l&less ,indians 9 ,cali=nia4 ,! /udy   
id5tifi$ ! num]\s tribal communities 9  
,cali=nia :o 7 9 desp]ate ne$ ( l&1 z   
well z ,f$]al support & protection1 & ! 
,mono ,lake ,kutzadikaa community 0     
among ^? survey$4 ,z a result ( !       
petition1 ,congress began to appropriate
 fund+ = ! pur*ase ( l&s 9 ,cali=nia = !
 homeless ,indians4  7#e7 ,9 #aijg1     
hi/orical memb]s ( ! ,tribe 7 issu$     
individual allott$ l&s ne> ,mono ,lake  
"u ! ,g5]al ,allotm5t ,act4 ,9          

accordance to ! ,g5]al ,allotm5t ,act1  
allott$ l&s 7 only provid$ to ,indians  
%[n to be recogniz$ or entitl$ to be    
recogniz$ memb]s ( an ,indian tribe4 ,! 
,f$]al ,gov]nm5t det]m9$ t ,mono ,lake  
,kutzadikaa memb]s met ?is crit]ia4     
7#f7 ,9 ! e>ly #aibjs1 ! ,los ,angeles  
,dep>tm5t ( ,wat] & ,p[] began pur*as+  
l&s ?r\gh\t ,inyo & ,mono ,c\nties 9 its
 ef=t to secure a reliable wat] supply =
 ! exp&+ city ( ,los ,angeles 9 s\!rn   
,cali=nia4 ,! ,mono ,lake ,kutzadikaa   
allottees 7 n immune to ! pressures (   
,los ,angeles ,dep>tm5t ( ,wat] & ,p[] &
 7 enc\rag$ to sell _! l&1 :i* mo/ did4 
,h[ev]1 ,tribal memb]s rema9$ at ,mono  
,lake work+ & liv+ on local f>ms & 9 "s 
cases squatt+ on ,los ,angeles ,dep>tm5t
 ( ,wat] & ,p[] or o!r ,f$]al l&s4  7#g7
 ,al?\gh ,tribal memb]s 7 once aga9     
l&less1 !y rema9$ "u ! jurisdiction ( ! 
,f$]al ,gov]nm5t & appe>$ on ! ,bureau (
 ,indian ,affairs c5sus records1 _!     
*ildr5 att5d$ ,bureau ( ,indian ,affairs
 bo>d+ s*ools1 & memb]s receiv$ 7& d    

today7 heal? c>e s]vices1 & o!r ,f$]al  
b5efits & s]vices4  7#h7 ,f$]al         
repres5tatives work$ ) ! ,tribe to no   
avail 9 ! #aibjs & #aicjs to secure a l&
 base1 & ^! ef=ts are well docum5t$ 9   
(ficial ,bureau ( ,indian ,affairs      
correspond5ce & records4  7#i7 ,9 ,june 
#aiej1 ,tribal memb]s submitt$ a        
petition to ! ,committee on ,int]ior &  
,insul> ,affairs & ! ,subcommittee on   
,indian ,affairs1 reque/+ an            
inve/igation into _! liv+ conditions4 ,9
 ! petition1 !y /at$ t !y hop$ t ?r\gh  
an inve/igation1 ! ag5cies might        
appropriate1 rehabilitate1 or set aside 
l& = u4 ,h4,r4 ,muskrat1 a ,bureau (    
,indian ,affairs field repres5tative :o 
inve/igat$ ! conditions ( ,tribal       
memb]s1 report$ to ,j4,m4 ,/ew>t1 !     
,bureau ( ,indian ,affairs ,area        
,director = ,cali=nia1 t !re 7 no public
 l&s available = ! ,tribe or its memb]s1
 & all wat] res\rces 7 own$ by ! ,los   
,angeles ,dep>tm5t ( ,wat] & ,p[]4      
7#aj7 ,on ,decemb] #bf1 #aiej1 a =mal   

petition 0 fil$ be=e ! ,indian ,claims  
,commission on behalf ( ! ,nor!rn       
,paiute ,nation1 :i* includ$ v>i\s      
individual ,nor!rn ,paiute ,indians &   
sev]al res]vation tribes1 all locat$ 9  
,nevada4 ,! orig9al claim1 designat$ z  
,docket ,no4 #hg1 did n include         
,cali=nia ,paiute tribes f ! ,ow5s      
,valley1 ,mono ,lake1 ,deep ,spr+s      
,valley1 or ,fi% ,lake ,valley4 ,dur+ ! 
c\rse ( ! liability phase ( ! trial1    
exp]t te/imony 0 introduc$ correct+ !   
ov]sight1 & on ,augu/ #h1 #aiea1 an     
am5d$ petition 0 fil$ t includ$ ! ,tribe
 & o!r ov]look$ ,cali=nia ,paiute       
,nations4 ,un=tunately1 ! ,commission   
aw>d$ only meag] comp5sation to         
individual memb]s & did n provide l&s to
 ! ,tribe4  7#aa7 ,9 #aiee1 ! ,tribe    
submitt$ a petition to ,/ate ,s5ator    
,*>les ,br[n ( ,sacram5to1 ,cali=nia1   
seek+ to e/abli% a res]vation t includ$ 
#ff1jjj acres ( l&4 ,! petition re/$ on 
a #aiab ,presid5tial ,executive ord] t  
_h set aside l&s = ! ,tribe & o!r tribes

 9 ,inyo & ,mono ,c\nty1 b 0 lat] )drawn
 because ! orig9al l& id5tifi$ 0        
unsuitable4 ,! ,tribe's petition 0 aga9 
met ) ! /atem5t t !re 0 no l& available 
= a res]vation4  7#ab7 ,believ+ t       
recognition might lead to l& = ! ,tribe1
 ! ,tribe submitt$ a lett] ( ,int5t to  
,petition = ,recognition 9 #aigf to !   
,(fice ( ,f$]al ,ackn[l$gm5t & began    
work+ on a petition = recognition1 an   
ef=t t cont9ues today4  7#ac7 ,9 #aigg1 
! ,tribe adopt$ =mal ,articles (        
,association to def9e its enrollm5t     
crit]ia & election ( ,tribal lead]s4    
7#ad7 ,also 9 #aigg1 ! ,tribe petition$ 
& 0 recogniz$ by ! ,,bia z an adult     
,indian community ( "o-half degree (    
,indian blood "u ! ,indian              
,reorganization ,act ( #aicd 7#be       
,u4,s4,c4 #eaja et seq474 ,h[ev]1 !     
,bureau ( ,indian ,affairs made cle> t  
?is /atus did n give ,f$]al recognition 
to ! ,tribe4 ,! /atus did solidify t    
,tribal memb]s 7 recogniz$ z ,indians & 
entitl$ to ,f$]al b5efits & s]vices4    

7#ae7 ,ev5 )\t =mal ,tribal recognition1
 ! ,tribe has rema9$ a political =ce & !
 protector ( ,mono ,lake1 ,kutzapaa' :i*
 is at ! c5t] ( ! ,tribe's culture &    
hi/ory & provid$ its ance/ors ) a       
critical food s\rce4 ,on ,m>* #ai1      
#aihc1 ,jessie ,durant1 a rev]$ ,tribal 
eld]1 te/ifi$ be=e ! ,subcommittee on   
,public ,l&s & ,national ,p>ks on !     
importance ( ,mono ,lake to ! ,mono     
,lake p & culture4 ,mono ,lake is n[    
kn[n z ! ,mono ,lake ,tufa ,/ate        
,natural ,res]ve ?anks 9 l>ge "p to !   
ef=ts ( ! ,tribe & ! ,mono ,lake        
,f\ndation4  7#af7 ,on ,april #bh1      
#aihi1 ! ,s5ate ,select ,committee on   
,indian ,affairs held he>+s 9           
,sacram5to1 ,cali=nia1 on ,,sb #faa1 a  
bill to ,e/abli% ,adm9i/rative          
,proc$ures to ,det]m9e ,/atus ( ,c]ta9  
,indian ,gr\ps4 ,tribal memb] ,ri*>d    
,blav] 0 invit$ to & provid$ te/imony on
 behalf ( ! ,tribe on ! difficulties    
enc\nt]$ by tribes seek+ recognition    
?r\gh ! ,bureau ( ,indian ,affairs'     

adm9i/rative ackn[l$gm5t process4  7#ag7
 ,! ,f$]al ag5cies t n[ manage ,f$]al   
l&s1 "s ( :i* are ! ance/ral l&s ( !    
,tribe1 %>e a deep respect = ! ,tribe1 &
 ackn[l$ge t ! ,kutzadikaa memb]s are ! 
aborig9al p ( ! ,mono ,bas94 ,small     
examples c be se5 f ! ,=e/ ,s]vice1 t 9 
#aiia work$ ) ! ,tribe 9 protect+ !     
,tribe's ,indian cemet]y locat$ 9 "p on 
,=e/ ,s]vice l&s4  7#ah7 ,9 #aiic1 !    
,=e/ ,s]vice ho/$ a d$ication 9 honor ( 
! eld]s ( ! ,kutzadikaa ,tribe by sett+ 
aside a grove ( ,jeffrey p9e trees =    
traditional purposes & designat$ ! area 
z ! ,piaga ,p>k4 ,! ,=e/ ,s]vice        
specifically d$icat$ ! trees 9 honor ( !
 ,mono ,lake ,kutzadikaa ,eld]s :o h    
hi/orically h>ve/$ ! ,piaga f ! area4   
7#ai7 ,9 #aiif1 ! ,national ,p>k ,s]vice
 issu$ a directive to all ,yosemite     
,entrance ,/ation p]sonnel in=m+ !m t   
memb]s ( ! ,tribe 7 to be grant$        
entrance to ! ,yosemite ,national ,p>k  
at no co/4 ,m rec5t examples are ! ongo+
 ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & c\nty ag5cies         

consultations ) ! ,tribe on propos$     
environm5tal projects1 l& managem5t     
plann+1 & repatriation ( ,tribal fun]>y 
objects & artifacts "u ! ,native        
,am]ican ,graves ,protection &          
,repatriation ,act :5 enc\nt]$ on ,f$]al
 l&s4  7#bj7 ,9 #bjjj1 ! ,tribe p>tn]$ )
 ! ,mono ,c\nty ,bo>d ( ,sup]visors to  
seek fund+ to assi/ ! c\nty 9 complet+ a
 community c5t] 9 ,lee ,v9+1 ,cali=nia4 
,! ,tribe 0 aw>d$ a ,/ate ,community    
,developm5t ,block ,grant f ! ,cali=nia 
,native ,am]ican ,allocation = #dge1jjj1
 :i* 0 us$ to complete con/ruction ( !  
community c5t]4 ,9 ex*ange = ?is        
contribution1 ! c\nty has d$icat$ (fice 
space to ! ,tribe & a l>ge meet+ room = 
,tribal g5]al c\ncil meet+s1 & ! build+ 
is id5tifi$ z ! ,mono ,lake ,indian &   
,lee ,v9+ ,community ,c5t]4  7#ba7 ,9   
#bjjc1 ! ,tribe adopt$ a ,con/itution & 
o!r gov]n+ docum5ts to =malize its      
,tribal ,gov]nm5t /ructure1 enrollm5t   
process1 & elections ( its lead]s4 ,ev5 
)\t ,f$]al f9ancial assi/ance to c>ry   

out its gov]nm5tal functions or a l&    
base1 ! ,tribe rema9s a di/9ct community
 bo? politically & culturally4 ,! ,tribe
 works ) its ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & c\nty     
ag5cy p>tn]s to protect cultural & sacr$
 sites1 ! environm5t1 ,mono ,lake1 &    
habitat4 ,9 rec5t ye>s1 ! ,tribe has    
e/abli%$ ! ,mono ,lake_/,yosemite       
,traditional ,walk1 :i* is !            
revitalization ( ! walk _! ance/ors took
 f ,mono ,lake to ,yosemite 9 ord] to   
trade ) & engage ) family & neighbor+   
tribes4 ,! ,tribe celebrates & honors _!
 eld]s & vet]ans ?r\gh community ev5ts &
 ,tribal functions on an annual basis4  
7#bb7 ,f$]al recognition ( ! ,tribe     
?r\gh ?is ,act is support$ by ! ,mono   
,c\nty ,bo>d ( ,sup]visors1 all five    
f$]ally recogniz$ ,tribes 9 ,inyo       
,c\nty1 ! non-f$]ally recogniz$ tribe   
,s\!rn ,si]ra ,muwuk ,nation1 & !       
f$]ally recogniz$ tribes ( ,tuolumne ,b&
 ( ,me-,wuk ,indians1 ,picayune ,ran*]ia
 ( ! ,*uckansi ,tribe1 & ! ,nor? ,=k    
,ran*]ia ( ,mono ,indians4 ,support also

 comes f ! ,national ,p>k ,s]vice1 !    
,si]ra ,club1 ,fri5ds ( ,inyo ,c\nty1 ! 
,an?ropology ,dep>tm5t ( ,cali=nia ,/ate
 ,univ]sity ,*ico1 ,cali=nia ,indian    
,legal ,s]vices1 & o!r organizations4   
#c4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,memb]
 ,! t]m memb] means an individual :o is 
enroll$ 9 ! ,tribe pursuant to !        
con/itution ( ! ,tribe4  7#b7 ,secret>y 
,! t]m ,secret>y means ! ,secret>y ( !  
,int]ior4  7#c7 ,tribe ,! t]m ,tribe    
means ! ,mono ,lake ,kutzadikaa ,tribe4 
#d4 ,f$]al recognition  7a7 ,9 g5]al    
,f$]al recognition is ext5d$ to !       
,tribe4  7b7 ,effect ( f$]al laws       
,except z o!rwise provid$ 9 ?is ,act1   
all ,f$]al laws 7includ+ regulations7 ( 
g5]al application to ,indians & ,indian 
tribes1 includ+ ! ,act ( ,june #ah1     
#aicd 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #eaja et seq42     
commonly kn[n z ! ,indian               
,reorganization ,act71 %all apply to !  
,tribe & memb]s4  #e4 ,f$]al s]vices &  
b5efits  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,tribe & ea*   
memb] ( ! ,tribe %all be eligible = all 

s]vices & b5efits provid$ by ! ,unit$   
,/ates to ,indians & f$]ally recogniz$  
,indian ,tribes1 )\t reg>d to-- 7#a7 !  
exi/5ce ( a res]vation = ! ,tribe2 or   
7#b7 ! location ( ! resid5ce ( any memb]
 on or ne> an ,indian res]vation4  7b7  
,s]vice area ,= purposes ( ! deliv]y (  
s]vices & b5efits to memb]s1 ! s]vice   
area ( ! ,tribe %all be consid]$ to be !
 c\nties ( ,mono & ,inyo1 9 ! ,/ate (   
,cali=nia4  #f4 ,reaffirmation ( rights 
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act dim9i%es  
any "r or privilege ( ! ,tribe or any   
memb] t exi/$ be=e ! date ( ! enactm5t (
 ?is ,act4  7b7 ,claims ( tribe ,except 
z o!rwise provid$ 9 ?is ,act1 no?+ 9 ?is
 ,act alt]s or affects any legal or     
equitable claim ( ! ,tribe to en=ce any 
"r or privilege res]v$ by1 or grant$ to1
 ! ,tribe t 0 wrongfully d5i$ to1 or    
tak5 f1 ! ,tribe be=e ! date ( !        
enactm5t ( ?is ,act4  7c7 ,hunt+ & fi%+ 
rights ,! ,tribe %all be grant$ hunt+ & 
fi%+ rights on all ,f$]al l&s )9 its    
aborig9al l& area4 ,ea* ,f$]al ag5cy :o 

adm9i/]s l&s )9 ! ,tribe's aborig9al l& 
area %all "w ) ! ,tribe s z to          
accommodate ! ex]cise ( its hunt+ & fi%+
 rights )9 ! ag5cies exi/+ l& use plans1
 ,f$]al law & gov]n+ regulations4  #g4  
,memb]%ip roll  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,z a       
condition ( receiv+ recognition1        
s]vices1 & b5efits pursuant to ?is ,act1
 ! ,tribe %all submit to ! ,secret>y1 by
 n lat] ?an #ah mon?s aft] ! date ( !   
enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 a memb]%ip roll    
consi/+ ( ! "n ( ea* individual enroll$ 
z a memb] ( ! ,tribe4  7b7 ,det]m9ation 
( memb]%ip ,! qualifications = inclusion
 on ! memb]%ip roll ( ! ,tribe %all be  
det]m9$ 9 accordance ) section 7a7 (    
,article ,,iii ( ! con/itution ( !      
,tribe1 dat$ ,june #bc1 #bjjc4  7c7     
,ma9t5ance ( roll ,! ,tribe %all ma9ta9 
! memb]%ip roll4  #h4 ,tru/ l&  7a7     
,id5tification ( l& ,! ,secret>y %all   
id5tify l& adm9i/]$ by ! ,bureau ( ,l&  
,managem5t t is locat$ 9 t portion (    
,mono ,c\nty t is )9 ! ,tribe's ance/ral
 homel&s1 suffici5t to support !        

location ( ,tribal ,gov]nm5t            
adm9i/ration & s]vices1 economic        
developm5t1 & h\s+4  7b7 ,l& into tru/  
,aft] ! ,secret>y id5tifies said l& to  
meet ! purposes s describ$1 ! ,tribe    
%all reque/ & ! ,secret>y %all accept   
su* l&s into tru/ = ! b5efit ( ! ,tribe4
 ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all prev5t !      
,secret>y or ! ,tribe f acquir+ l&1 & ! 
,secret>y tak+ l& into tru/ = ! b5efit (
 ! ,tribe1 pursuant to section #e ( !   
,act ( ,june #ah1 #aicd 7#be ,u4,s4,c4  
#eaajh2 commonly kn[n z ! ,indian       
,reorganization ,act74 ,= purposes (    
acquisitions "u su* ,act1 ! ,tribe %all 
be deem$ to h be5 "u ,f$]al jurisdiction
 9 #aicd4