,i  #aaf? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #gfd  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(            
,,repres5tatives  ,janu>y #bd1 #bjai    
,mr4 ,duffy 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,ad]holt1  
,mr4 ,coll9s ( ,new ,york1 ,mr4 ,cook1  
,mr4 ,diaz-,bal>t1 ,mr4 ,gaetz1 ,mr4    
,gibbs1 ,mr4 ,kelly ( ,p5nsylvania1 ,mr4
 ,long1 ,mr4 ,mc,kinley1 ,mrs4 ,mill]1  
,mr4 ,s5s5br5n]1 ,mr4 ,/aub]1 ,mr4      
,hunt]1 ,mr4 ,craw=d1 ,mr4 ,k+ ( ,new   
,york1 ,mr4 ,burgess1 ,mr4 ,palazzo1 &  
,mr4 ,r\z]7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i*
 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,ways &    
,means1 & 9 addition to ! ,committee on 
,rules1 = a p]iod to be subsequ5tly     
det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* case =      
consid]ation ( su* provisions z fall )9 
! jurisdiction ( ! committee conc]n$  ,a
 ,,bill  ,to au?orize ! ,presid5t to    
take c]ta9 actions relat+ to reciprocal 
trade1 & = o!r purposes4  #a4 ,%ort     
title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,unit$  
,/ates ,reciprocal ,trade ,act4  #b4    
,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,!
 ,unit$ ,/ates ma9ta9s an op5 m>ket =   

goods1 ) relatively l[ t>iffs1 & has    
long enc\rag$ trad+ p>tn]s1 bo?         
bilat]ally & 9 multilat]al =a1 to       
lib]alize _! m>kets4  7#b7 ,! ,unit$    
,/ates is ! _w's l>ge/ import] ( goods4 
7#c7 ,trad+ p>tn]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9  
_m in/ances impose significantly high]  
t>iffs on ,unit$ ,/ates goods ?an !     
,unit$ ,/ates imposes on ! same or      
simil> goods import$ f ^? same c\ntries4
  7#d7 ,unit$ ,/ates trad+ p>tn]s 9 _m  
in/ances impose significant nont>iff    
b>ri]s t greatly und]m9e ! value (      
negotiat$ t>iff concessions4  7#e7 ,!   
lack ( reciprocity 9 t>iff levels &     
disproportionate use ( nont>iff b>ri]s  
by ,unit$ ,/ates trad+ p>tn]s           
facilitates =eign imports1 disc\rages   
,unit$ ,/ates exports1 & puts ,unit$    
,/ates produc]s1 f>m]s1 & work]s at a   
competitive disadvantage4  7#f7 ,! lack 
( reciprocity 9 t>iff levels & nont>iff 
b>ri]s contributes to ! l>ge & gr[+     
,unit$ ,/ates trade deficit 9 goods1 :i*
 is a drag on economic gr[? & und]m9es  

economic prosp]ity4  7#g7 ,to date a    
numb] ( ,unit$ ,/ates trad+ p>tn]s h be5
 unwill+1 includ+ 9 multilat]al         
negotiations1 to r$uce t>iffs & elim9ate
 nont>iff b>ri]s appli$ to ,unit$ ,/ates
 exports4  7#h7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld   
seek action by ,unit$ ,/ates trad+      
p>tn]s to l[] t>iffs & elim9ate nont>iff
 b>ri]s1 to promote effici5cy 9 ^?      
m>kets & enhance opportunities = ,unit$ 
,/ates produc]s1 f>m]s1 & work]s4  7#i7 
,! ,presid5t %\ld h a wide array ( tools
 to op5 ! m>kets ( ,unit$ ,/ates trad+  
p>tn]s & enc\rage p>ticipation 9        
negotiations to lib]alize trade 9 goods 
on a fair & reciprocal basis1 includ+ ! 
au?ority to adju/ t>iff rates to        
reciprocal levels4  #c4 ,au?ority to    
take c]ta9 actions relat+ to reciprocal 
trade  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,if ! ,presid5t     
det]m9es t--  7#a7 ! rate ( duty impos$ 
by a =eign c\ntry ) respect to a        
p>ticul> good1 :5 import$ f ! ,unit$    
,/ates1 is significantly high] ?an !    
rate ( duty impos$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates on

 t good1 :5 import$ f t c\ntry1 or  7#b7
 ! nont>iff b>ri]s appli$ by a =eign    
c\ntry ) respect to a p>ticul> good1 :5 
import$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 impose       
significantly high] burd5s1 alone or 9  
comb9ation ) any t>iffs impos$ by t     
c\ntry on t good1 ?an ! burd5s ( !      
nont>iff b>ri]s appli$ by ! ,unit$      
,/ates ) respect to t good1 alone or 9  
comb9ation ) any t>iffs impos$ by !     
,unit$ ,/ates on t good1 :5 import$ f t 
c\ntry1  ! ,presid5t may take "o or m ( 
! actions au?oriz$ "u subsection 7b74   
7b7 ,actions au?oriz$ ,! actions        
au?oriz$ "u ?is subsection are ! foll[+3
 7#a7 ,to negotiate & seek to ent] into 
an agreem5t ) ! =eign c\ntry t commits !
 c\ntry to r$uce ! rate ( duty or r$uce 
or elim9ate nont>iff b>ri]s on ! good t 
is ! subject ( ! det]m9ation "u         
subsection 7a74  7#b7 ,to impose a rate 
( duty on imports ( ! good t is equal   
to-- 7,a7 ! rate ( duty impos$ by !     
=eign c\ntry ) respect to ! good1 9 !   
case ( a det]m9ation describ$ 9         

subsection 7a77#a72 or  7,b7 ! effective
 rate ( duty ( ! nont>iff b>ri]s appli$ 
by ! =eign c\ntry ) respect to ! good1  
alone or 9 comb9ation ) any t>iffs      
impos$ by t c\ntry on t good1 9 ! case (
 a det]m9ation describ$ 9 subsection    
7a77#b74  7c7 ,factors ,9 tak+ an action
 au?oriz$ "u subsection 7b71 ! ,presid5t
 %all consid] ! foll[+ factors3  7#a7 ,!
 t>iff classification ( ! good by !     
,unit$ ,/ates & ! t>iff classification (
 ! good by ! =eign c\ntry4  7#b7 ,! rate
 ( duty appli$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates )     
respect to ! good & ! rate ( duty appli$
 by ! =eign c\ntry ) respect to ! good4 
7#c7 ,! physical *>act]i/ics ( ! good4  
7#d7 ,! end uses & exi/5ce ( a          
competitive relation%ip betwe5 ! good-- 
7,a7 z export$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates to !   
=eign c\ntry2 &  7,b7 z import$ f !     
c\ntry to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7#e7 ,!     
level ( exports ( ! good by ! c\ntry to 
! ,unit$ ,/ates & to o!r c\ntries4  7#f7
 ,9 ! case ( a det]m9ation describ$ 9   
subsection 7a77#a71 ! ext5t to :i* !    

rate ( duty appli$ by ! =eign c\ntry )  
respect to ! good is imp$+ or di/ort+   
trade4  7#g7 ,9 ! case ( a det]m9ation  
describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b7-- 7,a7 !  
ext5t ( ! nont>iff b>ri]s appli$ by !   
=eign c\ntry ) respect to ! good & !    
ext5t ( ! nont>iff b>ri]s appli$ by !   
,unit$ ,/ates ) respect to ! good2  7,b7
 ! ext5t to :i* ! nont>iff b>ri]s appli$
 by ! c\ntry ) respect to ! good1 alone 
or 9 comb9ation ) any t>iffs impos$ by t
 c\ntry on t good1 are imp$+ or di/ort+ 
trade2  7,c7 ! id5tifi$ purpose ( !     
nont>iff b>ri]s appli$ by ! c\ntry )    
respect to ! good1 if any1 & ! ext5t to 
:i* ! nont>iff b>ri]s are m re/rictive  
?an necess>y to meet t purpose2 &  7,d7 
! degree ( transp>5cy ( ! process by :i*
 ! c\ntry adopt$ ! nont>iff b>ri]s4     
7#h7 ,o!r factors1 z ! ,presid5t        
det]m9es appropriate4  7d7 ,role ( ,,u/r
 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,trade ,repres5tative1
 9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y (         
,treasury1 ! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 & !  
heads ( o!r relevant ,f$]al ag5cies1    

%all advise ! ,presid5t 9 det]m9+ !     
effective rate ( duty impos$ by !       
nont>iff b>ri]s appli$ by a =eign c\ntry
 ) respect to a good1 alone or 9        
comb9ation ) any t>iffs impos$ by t     
c\ntry on t good1 9 ! case ( a          
det]m9ation describ$ 9 subsection       
7a77#b74  7e7 ,l[] rate ( duty ,!       
,presid5t may impose a rate ( duty on   
imports ( a good f a =eign c\ntry t is  
l[] ?an ! rate ( duty describ$ 9        
subsection 7b77#b77;,a7 or l[] ?an !    
effective rate ( duty describ$ 9        
subsection 7b77#b77;,b71 z ! case may   
be1 if ! ,presid5t det]m9es t           
application ( su* l[] rate ( duty is    
necess>y & appropriate4  7f7 ,high] rate
 ( duty ,if ! ,presid5t imposes a rate (
 duty on imports ( a good f a =eign     
c\ntry "u subsection 7b77#b71 & ! c\ntry
 fur!r increases its rate ( duty on     
imports ( ! good f ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 !   
,presid5t may fur!r increase ! rate (   
duty on imports ( ! good f ! c\ntry to a
 rate t is equal to ! rate ( duty appli$

 by t c\ntry4  7g7 ,t]m9ation ,!        
,presid5t %all t]m9ate ! imposition (   
any increase 9 ! rate ( duty on imports 
( a good f a =eign c\ntry "u subsection 
7b77#b7 effective on ! date on :i* !    
,presid5t det]m9es t--  7#a7 ! =eign    
c\ntry is no long]-- 7,a7 impos+ a rate 
( duty ) respect to ! good1 z describ$ 9
 subsection 7a77#a72 or  7,b7 apply+    
nont>iff b>ri]s ) respect to ! good1 z  
describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b72 or  7#b7 
cont9u$ imposition ( ! increas$ rate (  
duty on imports ( ! good f ! =eign      
c\ntry is n 9 ! economic or public      
int]e/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  #d4 ,notice &
 consultation  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,be=e tak+  
any action au?oriz$ "u section          
#c7;b77#a71 ! ,presid5t %all provide    
notice to & consult ) ! ,committee on   
,ways & ,means ( ! ,h\se (              
,repres5tatives & ! ,committee on       
,f9ance ( ! ,s5ate reg>d+ ! propos$     
action4  7b7 ,notice ,be=e tak+ any     
action au?oriz$ "u section #c7;b77#b71 !
 ,presid5t %all--  7#a7 n less ?an #de  

days be=e ! date on :i* imposition ( an 
increas$ rate ( duty on imports ( a good
 f a =eign c\ntry is to take effect1    
publi% notice 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] (1 &   
all[ = public comm5t on1 ! propos$      
imposition & level ( su* increas$ rate (
 duty2 &  7#b7 seek advice reg>d+ !     
propos$ action f ! advisory committees  
e/abli%$ "u section #ace ( ! ,trade ,act
 ( #aigd 7#ai ,u4,s4,c4 #baee74  7c7    
,additional notice ,! ,presid5t %all    
promptly publi% 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]      
notice ( any action tak5 pursuant to    
section #c7;f7 or #c7;g74  #e4          
,congressional disapproval (            
,presid5tial imposition ( rates ( duty  
on imports ( goods f =eign c\ntries "u  
section #c7;b77#b72 disapproval         
resolution  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,an action tak5
 by ! ,presid5t "u section #c7;b77#b7 to
 impose a rate ( duty on imports ( a    
good f a =eign c\ntry %all cease to h   
=ce & effect ^u ! enactm5t ( a          
disapproval resolution1 provid$ = 9     
subsection 7b71 relat+ to t action4  7b7

 ,congressional rulemak+ p[]2           
disapproval resolution  7#a7 ,9 g5]al   
,?is section is enact$ by ! ,congress-- 
7,a7 z an ex]cise ( ! rulemak+ p[] ( !  
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,s5ate1     
respectively1 & z su* is deem$ a "p ( ! 
rules ( ea* ,h\se1 respectively1 b      
applicable only ) respect to ! proc$ures
 to be foll[$ 9 t ,h\se 9 ! case (      
disapproval resolutions & su* proc$ures 
sup]s$e o!r rules only to ! ext5t t !y  
are inconsi/5t !re)2 &  7,b7 ) ! full   
recognition ( ! con/itutional "r ( ei!r 
,h\se to *ange ! rules 7s f> z relat+ to
 ! proc$ure ( t ,h\se7 at any "t1 9 !   
same mann]1 & to ! same ext5t z any o!r 
rule ( t ,h\se4  7#b7 ,disapproval      
resolution ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! 
t]m disapproval resolution means only a 
jo9t resolution ( ei!r ,h\se ( ,congress
 ! matt] aft] ! resolv+ clause ( :i* is 
z foll[s3 ,t ! ,congress disapproves !  
action tak5 "u section #c7;b77#b7 ( !   
,unit$ ,/ates ,reciprocal ,trade ,act ) 
respect to ! imposition ( a rate ( duty 

on imports (  f  "u su* section         
#c7;b77#b741 ! fir/ blank space be+     
fill$ ) a description ( ! good ) respect
 to :i* ! duty is impos$ "u section     
#c7;b77#b7 & ! second blank be+ fill$ ) 
! "n ( ! =eign c\ntry f :i* ! good is   
import$ into ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7#c7     
,consid]ation  7,a7 ,introduction ,all  
disapproval resolutions introduc$ 9 !   
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives %all be ref]r$  
to ! ,committee on ,ways & ,means & all 
disapproval resolutions introduc$ 9 !   
,s5ate %all be ref]r$ to ! ,committee on
 ,f9ance4  7,b7 ,am5dm5ts prohibit$2    
motions to susp5d application ( ?is     
subp>agraph prohibit$ ,no am5dm5t to a  
disapproval resolution %all be 9 ord] 9 
ei!r ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives or !     
,s5ate1 & no motion to susp5d !         
application ( ?is subp>agraph %all be 9 
ord] 9 ei!r ,h\se nor %all x be 9 ord] 9
 ei!r ,h\se = ! ,presid+ ,(fic] to      
ent]ta9 a reque/ to susp5d ! application
 ( ?is subp>agraph by unanim\s cons5t4  
7,c7 ,majority requir$ = adoption ,a    

disapproval resolution consid]$ "u ?is  
subsection %all require an affirmative  
vote ( two-?irds ( ! ,memb]s1 duly *os5 
& sworn1 = adoption4  #f4 ,report ,be=e 
ent]+ into an agreem5t ) a =eign c\ntry 
"u section #c7;b77#a71 ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,trade ,repres5tative %all submit to !  
appropriate congressional committees &  
lead]%ip a report t describes--  7#a7 ! 
implem5tation ( ! agreem5t1 includ+ h[ x
 is consi/5t ) & does n mat]ially diff] 
f or o!rwise affect ,f$]al or ,/ate laws
 or regulations2  7#b7 ! impact on !    
competitiv5ess ( ,unit$ ,/ates          
bus9esses2 &  7#c7 ! impact on ,unit$   
,/ates consum]s4  #g4 ,sunset (         
,presid5tial imposition ( rates ( duty  
on imports ( goods f =eign c\ntries "u  
section #c7;b77#b7 by disapproval       
resolution  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! au?ority ( !
 ,presid5t to take an action "u section 
#c7;b77#b7 to impose a rate ( duty on   
imports ( a good f a =eign c\ntry--     
7#a7 %all be effective = ! p]iod end+ on
 ! date t is ?ree ye>s aft] ! date ( !  

enactm5t ( ?is ,act2 &  7#b7 %all be    
ext5d$ = an additional p]iod ( ?ree ye>s
 if 7& only if7--  7,a7 ! ,presid5t     
reque/s su* ext5sion "u subsection 7b72 
&  7,b7 a disapproval resolution is n   
enact$ into law z provid$ = "u          
subsection 7c74  7b7 ,report to         
,congress ,if ! ,presid5t is ( ! op9ion 
t ! au?ority ( ! ,presid5t to take an   
action "u section #c7;b77#b7 to impose a
 rate ( duty on imports ( a good f a    
=eign c\ntry %\ld be ext5d$ = !         
additional p]iod describ$ 9 subsection  
7a77#b71 ! ,presid5t %all submit to     
,congress1 n lat] ?an ! date t is ?ree  
mon?s be=e ! end ( ! p]iod describ$ 9   
subsection 7a77#a71 a writt5 report t   
conta9s a reque/ = su* ext5sion1 toge!r 
) a description ( all actions tak5 "u   
section #c7;b77#b7 to date4  7c7        
,disapproval resolution  7#a7           
,congressional rulemak+ p[] ,?is section
 is enact$ by ! ,congress--  7,a7 z an  
ex]cise ( ! rulemak+ p[] ( ! ,h\se (    
,repres5tatives & ! ,s5ate1             

respectively1 & z su* is deem$ a "p ( ! 
rules ( ea* ,h\se1 respectively1 b      
applicable only ) respect to ! proc$ures
 to be foll[$ 9 t ,h\se 9 ! case (      
disapproval resolutions & su* proc$ures 
sup]s$e o!r rules only to ! ext5t t !y  
are inconsi/5t !re)2 &  7,b7 ) ! full   
recognition ( ! con/itutional "r ( ei!r 
,h\se to *ange ! rules 7s f> z relat+ to
 ! proc$ure ( t ,h\se7 at any "t1 9 !   
same mann]1 & to ! same ext5t z any o!r 
rule ( t ,h\se4  7#b7 ,disapproval      
resolution ,= purposes ( subsection 7a71
 ! t]m disapproval resolution means only
 a jo9t resolution ( ei!r ,h\se (       
,congress ! matt] aft] ! resolv+ clause 
( :i* is z foll[s3 ,t ! ,congress       
disapproves ! reque/ ( ! ,presid5t = !  
ext5sion1 "u section #g7;a77#b77;,a7 ( !
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,reciprocal ,trade ,act1 
( ! au?ority ( ! ,presid5t to take an   
action "u section #c7;b77#b7 ( su* ,act 
to impose a rate ( duty on imports ( a  
good f a =eign c\ntry aft] ! p]iod end+ 
on ! date t is ?ree ye>s aft] ! date ( !

 enactm5t ( su* ,act44  7#c7            
,introduction2 ref]ral ,a disapproval   
resolution--  7,a7 may be introduc$ 9   
ei!r ,h\se ( ,congress by any memb] (   
su* ,h\se2 &  7,b7 %all be ref]r$1 9 !  
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 to ! ,committee
 on ,ways & ,means &1 9 addition1 to !  
,committee on ,rules4  7#d7 ,floor      
consid]ation ,! provisions ( subsections
 7d7 & 7e7 ( section #aeb ( ! ,trade    
,act ( #aigd 7#ai ,u4,s4,c4 #baib7      
7relat+ to ! floor consid]ation ( c]ta9 
resolutions 9 ! ,h\se & ,s5ate7 apply to
 a disapproval resolution4  7#e7        
,limitations on consid]ation ,x is n 9  
ord] =--  7,a7 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives
 to consid] any disapproval resolution n
 report$ by ! ,committee on ,ways &     
,means &1 9 addition1 by ! ,committee on
 ,rules2  7,b7 ! ,s5ate to consid] any  
disapproval resolution n report$ by !   
,committee on ,f9ance2 or  7,c7 ei!r    
,h\se ( ,congress to consid] a          
disapproval resolution aft] ! date t is 
?ree ye>s aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is

 ,act4  7d7 ,rules ( con/ruction  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,an action au?oriz$ "u section 
#c7;b77#b7 to impose a rate ( duty on   
imports ( a good f a =eign c\ntry t is  
tak5 be=e ! end ( ! p]iod describ$ 9    
subsection 7a77#a7 or ! end ( ! p]iod   
describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b7 %all rema9
 9 effect aft] ! end ( su* respective   
p]iod4  7#b7 ,additional au?orities ,!  
,presid5t may ex]cise ! au?orities (    
subsections 7e71 7f71 & 7g7 ( section #c
 ) respect to an action describ$ 9      
p>agraph 7#a7 aft] ! end ( ! p]iod      
describ$ 9 su* p>agraph t is applicable 
to su* action4  #h4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is  
,act3  7#a7 ,appropriate congressional  
committees & lead]%ip ,! t]m appropriate
 congressional committees & lead]%ip    
means-- 7,a7 ! ,committee on ,ways &    
,means ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & !  
,committee on ,f9ance ( ! ,s5ate2 &     
7,b7 ! ,speak] ( ! ,h\se (              
,repres5tatives1 ! m9ority lead] ( !    
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 ! majority     
lead] ( ! ,s5ate1 & ! m9ority lead] ( ! 

,s5ate4  7#b7 ,nont>iff b>ri] ,! t]m    
nont>iff b>ri] includes any             
gov]nm5t-impos$ measure or policy1 o!r  
?an a cu/oms duty1 t re/ricts1 prev5ts1 
or imp$es int]national trade 9 goods1   
includ+ import policies1 sanit>y &      
phytosanit>y measures1 te*nical b>ri]s  
to trade1 gov]nm5t procurem5t1 export   
subsidies1 lack ( intellectual prop]ty  
protection1 digital trade b>ri]s1 &     
gov]nm5t-tol]at$ anticompetitive conduct
 ( /ate-own$ or private firms4  7#c7    
,rate ( duty ,! t]m rate ( duty means ! 
rate ( cu/oms duty appli$ on imports ( a
 good1 b does n include an antidump+ or 
c\nt]vail+ duty or a duty appli$ "u a   
pref]5tial t>iff arrangem5t4