,i  #aaf? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #gbg  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(            
,,repres5tatives  ,janu>y #bc1 #bjai,mr4
 ,ha/+s 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,coh51 ,mr4    
,de,saulnier1 ,ms4 ,norton1 ,ms4 ,p+ree1
 & ,mr4 ,ryan7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 
:i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on         
,education & ,labor  ,a ,,bill  ,to end 
! use ( corporal puni%m5t 9 s*ools1 & = 
o!r purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act
 may be cit$ z ! ,end+ ,corporal        
,puni%m5t 9 ,s*ools ,act ( #bjai4  #b4  
,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7   
,behavioral int]v5tions = *ildr5 mu/    
promote ! "r ( all *ildr5 to be treat$ )
 dignity4 ,all *ildr5 h ! "r to be free 
f any corporal puni%m5t4  7#b7 ,safe1   
effective1 evid5ce-bas$ /rategies are   
available to support *ildr5 :o display  
*all5g+ behaviors 9 s*ool sett+s4  7#c7 
,s*ool p]sonnel h ! "r to "w 9 a safe   
environm5t & %\ld be provid$ tra9+ &    
support to prev5t injury & trauma to    
!mselves & o!rs4  7#d7 ,accord+ to !    
,dep>tm5t ( ,education's ,te*nical      

,assi/ance ,c5t] on ,s*ool-,wide        
,positive ,behavior ,int]v5tions &      
,support1 outcomes associat$ )          
s*ool-wide positive behavior support    
are3 decreas$ (fice discipl9e ref]rals1 
increas$ in/ructional "t1 decreas$      
adm9i/rator "t sp5t on discipl9e issues1
 effici5t & effective use ( sc>ce       
res\rces1 & increas$ p]ception ( s*ool  
safety & su/a9ability ?r\gh a team      
approa*4  7#e7 ,e #cj seconds dur+ !    
s*ool ye>1 a public s*ool /ud5t is      
corporally puni%$4  7#f7 ,n9ete5 ,/ates 
cont9ue to p]mit corporal puni%m5t 9    
public s*ools4  7#g7 ,accord+ to        
,dep>tm5t ( ,education /ati/ics1 ea* ye>
 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 hundr$s ( ?\s&s (   
s*ool *ildr5 are subject$ to corporal   
puni%m5t 9 public s*ools4 ,s*ool        
corporal puni%m5t is usually execut$ 9 !
 =m ( paddl+1 or /rik+ /ud5ts ) a wood5 
paddle on _! buttocks or legs1 :i* c    
result 9 abrasions1 bruis+1 sev]e muscle
 injury1 hematomas1 :ipla% damage1      
life-?reat5+ hemorrhages1 & o!r m$ical  

complications t may require             
hospitalization4  7#h7 ,gross racial    
disp>ity exi/s 9 ! execution ( corporal 
puni%m5t ( public s*ool *ildr51 &       
,african-,am]ican s*ool*ildr5 are       
disproportionately corporally puni%$4 ,!
 mo/ rec5t available /ati/ics %[ t      
,african-,am]ican /ud5ts make up #ah    
p]c5t ( ! national /ud5t population1 b  
comprise #dj p]c5t ( all /ud5ts subject$
 to physical puni%m5t at s*ool4 ,black  
*ildr5 are ne>ly two-&-a-half times m   
likely to be corporally puni%$ ?an ,:ite
 *ildr51 & ne>ly eight times m likely to
 be corporally puni%$ ?an ,hispanic     
*ildr54  #c4 ,purposes ,! purposes ( ?is
 ,act are to-- 7#a7 elim9ate ! use (    
corporal puni%m5t 9 s*ools2  7#b7 ensure
 ! safety ( all /ud5ts & s*ool p]sonnel 
9 s*ools & promote a positive s*ool     
culture & climate2 &  7#c7 assi/ ,/ates1
 local educational ag5cies1 & s*ools 9  
id5tify+ & implem5t+ effective          
evid5ce-bas$ models to prev5t & r$uce-- 
7,a7 corporal puni%m5t 9 s*ools2 &  7,b7

 av]sive behavior int]v5tions t         
compromise heal?4  #d4 ,prohibition     
aga9/ corporal puni%m5t ,subp>t #d ( "p 
,c ( ! ,g5]al ,education ,provisions    
,act 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #abcb;f et seq47 is 
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  #ddh4 
,prohibition aga9/ corporal puni%m5t    
7a7 ,g5]al prohibition ,no funds %all be
 made available "u any applicable       
program to any educational ag5cy or     
in/itution1 includ+ a local educational 
ag5cy or ,/ate educational ag5cy1 t has 
a policy or practice :i* all[s s*ool    
p]sonnel to inflict corporal puni%m5t ^u
 a /ud5t--  7#a7 z a =m ( puni%m5t2 or  
7#b7 = ! purpose ( modify+ undesirable  
behavior4  7b7 ,local educational       
ag5cies  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ! case ( an   
applicable program "u :i* a local       
educational ag5cy may only receive funds
 ?r\gh a ,/ate educational ag5cy t is   
prohibit$ "u subsection 7a7 f receiv+   
funds "u any applicable program1 a local
 educational ag5cy t is n prohibit$ "u  
subsection 7a7 f receiv+ su* funds may  

apply directly to ! ,secret>y to receive
 funds "u ! program4  7#b7 ,c]tification
 ,ea* local educational ag5cy apply+    
directly to ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph 7#a7
 %all c]tify 9 su* application t ! ag5cy
 is n prohibit$ "u subsection 7a7 f     
receiv+ funds "u any applicable program4
  7c7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is   
section %all be con/ru$ to preclude     
s*ool p]sonnel f us+1 )9 ! scope (      
employm5t1 reasonable re/ra9t to !      
lighte/ possible degree ^u a /ud5t1 if--
  7#a7 ! /ud5t's behavior poses an      
imm95t dang] ( physical injury to !     
/ud5t1 s*ool p]sonnel1 or o!rs2  7#b7   
less re/rictive int]v5tions w\ld be     
ineffective 9 /opp+ su* imm95t dang] (  
physical injury2 &  7#c7 ! reasonable   
re/ra9t ends imm$iately ^u ! cessation (
 ! conditions describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 
& 7#b74  7d7 ,def9itions ,= purposes (  
?is section-- 7#a7 ! t]m corporal       
puni%m5t has ! mean+ giv5 su* t]m 9     
section #ab ( ! ,end+ ,corporal         
,puni%m5t 9 ,s*ools ,act ( #bjai2  7#b7 

! t]m educational ag5cy or in/itution   
means any public or private ag5cy or    
in/itution :i* is ! recipi5t1 or s]ves  
/ud5ts :o are recipi5ts (1 funds "u any 
applicable program2  7#c7 ! t]ms local  
educational ag5cy & ,/ate educational   
ag5cy h ! mean+s giv5 su* t]ms 9 section
 #haja ( ! ,elem5t>y & ,second>y        
,education ,act ( #aife2  7#d7 ! t]m    
s*ool p]sonnel has ! mean+ giv5 su* t]m 
9 section #ab ( ! ,end+ ,corporal       
,puni%m5t 9 ,s*ools ,act ( #bjai2 &     
7#e7 ! t]m /ud5t includes any p]son :o  
is 9 att5dance at an educational ag5cy  
or in/itution4  4  #e4 ,/ate plan &     
en=cem5t  7a7 ,/ate plan ,n lat] ?an #ah
 mon?s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act
 & e ?ird ye> !reaft]1 ea* ,/ate        
educational ag5cy %all submit to !      
,secret>y a ,/ate plan t provides--     
7#a7 assurances to ! ,secret>y t ! ,/ate
 has 9 effect policies & proc$ures t    
elim9ate ! use ( corporal puni%m5t 9    
s*ools2  7#b7 a description ( ! ,/ate's 
policies & proc$ures2 &  7#c7 a         

description ( ! ,/ate plans to ensure   
s*ool p]sonnel & p>5ts1 includ+ private 
s*ool p]sonnel & p>5ts1 are aw>e ( !    
,/ate's policies & proc$ures4  7b7      
,en=cem5t  7#a7 ,9 g5]al  7,a7 ,use (   
rem$ies ,if a ,/ate educational ag5cy   
fails to comply ) subsection 7a71 !     
,secret>y %all-- 7i7 )hold1 9 :ole or 9 
"p1 fur!r paym5ts "u an applicable      
program 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section   
#djj7;c7 ( ! ,g5]al ,education          
,provisions ,act 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #abba77 
9 accordance ) section #dee ( su* ,act  
7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #abcd;d72  7ii7 ent] into
 a compliance agreem5t 9 accordance )   
section #deg ( ! ,g5]al ,education      
,provisions ,act 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4         
#abcd;f72 or  7iii7 issue a compla9t to 
compel compliance ( ! ,/ate educational 
ag5cy ?r\gh a cease & desi/ ord]1 9 !   
same mann] ! ,secret>y is au?oriz$ to   
take su* action "u section #def ( !     
,g5]al ,education ,provisions ,act 7#bj 
,u4,s4,c4 #abcd;e74  7,b7 ,cessation (  
)hold+ ( funds ,:5ev] ! ,secret>y       

det]m9es 7:e!r by c]tification or o!r   
appropriate evid5ce7 t a ,/ate          
educational ag5cy t is subject to !     
)hold+ ( paym5ts "u subp>agraph 7,a77i7 
has cur$ ! failure provid+ ! basis = !  
)hold+ ( paym5ts1 ! ,secret>y %all cease
 ! )hold+ ( paym5ts ) respect to ! ,/ate
 educational ag5cy "u su* subp>agraph4  
7#b7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is    
subsection %all be con/ru$ to limit !   
,secret>y's au?ority "u ! ,g5]al        
,education ,provisions ,act 7#bj        
,u4,s4,c4 #abba et seq474  7c7 ,rule (  
con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be 
con/ru$ to preclude s*ool p]sonnel f    
us+1 )9 ! scope ( employm5t1 reasonable 
re/ra9t to ! lighte/ possible degree ^u 
a /ud5t1 if--  7#a7 ! /ud5t's behavior  
poses an imm95t dang] ( physical injury 
to ! /ud5t1 s*ool p]sonnel1 or o!rs2    
7#b7 less re/rictive int]v5tions w\ld be
 ineffective 9 /opp+ su* imm95t dang] ( 
physical injury2 &  7#c7 ! reasonable   
re/ra9t ends imm$iately ^u ! cessation (
 ! conditions describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 

& 7#b74  #f4 ,grant au?ority  7a7 ,9    
g5]al ,f ! am\nt appropriat$ "u section 
#aa1 ! ,secret>y may aw>d grants to     
,/ate educational ag5cies to assi/ !    
ag5cies 9 improv+ s*ool climate &       
culture by implem5t+ s*ool-wide positive
 behavior support approa*es4  7b7       
,duration ( grant ,a grant "u ?is       
section %all be aw>d$ to a ,/ate        
educational ag5cy = a #c-ye> p]iod4  7c7
 ,application ,ea* ,/ate educational    
ag5cy desir+ a grant "u ?is section %all
 submit an application to ! ,secret>y at
 su* "t1 9 su* mann]1 & accompani$ by   
su* in=mation z ! ,secret>y may require1
 includ+ in=mation on h[ ! ,/ate        
educational ag5cy--  7#a7 w develop     
,/ate tra9+ programs on s*ool-wide      
positive behavior support approa*es1 su*
 z tra9+ programs develop$ ) ! assi/ance
 ( ! ,secret>y 7act+ ?r\gh ! ,(fice (   
,special ,education ,programs ,te*nical 
,assi/ance ,c5t] on ,positive           
,behavioral ,int]v5tions & ,supports ( !
 ,dep>tm5t ( ,education72 &  7#b7 w     

t>get res\rces to s*ools & local        
educational ag5cies 9 ne$ ( assi/ance   
relat$ to improv+ s*ool culture &       
climate ?r\gh positive behavior         
supports4  7d7 ,au?ority ,to make       
subgrants  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,a ,/ate       
educational ag5cy receiv+ a grant "u ?is
 section may use su* grant funds to aw>d
 subgrants1 on a competitive basis1 to  
local educational ag5cies4  7#b7        
,application ,a local educational ag5cy 
desir+ to receive a subgrant "u ?is     
section %all submit an application to ! 
applicable ,/ate educational ag5cy at   
su* "t1 9 su* mann]1 & conta9+ su*      
in=mation z ! ,/ate educational ag5cy   
may require4  7e7 ,private s*ool        
p>ticipation  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,a local    
educational ag5cy receiv+ subgrant funds
 "u ?is section %all1 aft] timely &     
mean+ful consultation ) appropriate     
private s*ool (ficials1 ensure t private
 s*ool p]sonnel c p>ticipate1 on an     
equitable basis1 9 activities support$  
by funds "u ?is section4  7#b7 ,public  

control ( funds ,! control ( funds      
provid$ "u ?is section1 & title to      
mat]ials1 equipm5t1 & prop]ty pur*as$ ) 
su* funds1 %all be 9 a public ag5cy1 & a
 public ag5cy %all adm9i/] su* funds1   
mat]ials1 equipm5t1 & prop]ty4  7f7     
,requir$ activities ,a ,/ate educational
 ag5cy receiv+ a grant1 or a local      
educational ag5cy receiv+ a subgrant1 "u
 ?is section %all use su* grant or      
subgrant funds to c>ry out ! foll[+3    
7#a7 ,develop+ & implem5t+ high-quality 
pr(essional developm5t & tra9+ programs1
 su* z tra9+ programs develop$ ) !      
assi/ance ( ! ,secret>y 7act+ ?r\gh !   
,(fice ( ,special ,education ,programs  
,te*nical ,assi/ance ,c5t] on ,positive 
,behavioral ,int]v5tions & ,supports ( !
 ,dep>tm5t ( ,education71 to implem5t   
evid5ce-bas$ sy/ematic approa*es to     
s*ool-wide positive behavior supports1  
includ+ improv+ coa*+1 facilitation1 &  
tra9+ capacity = pr9cipals & o!r        
adm9i/rators1 tea*]s1 specializ$        
in/ructional support p]sonnel1 & o!r    

/aff4  7#b7 ,provid+ te*nical assi/ance 
to develop & implem5t evid5ce-bas$      
sy/ematic approa*es to s*ool-wide       
positive behavior supports1 includ+     
te*nical assi/ance = data-driv5         
decisionmak+ relat$ to behavioral       
supports & int]v5tions 9 ! classroom &  
?r\gh\t common areas4  7#c7 ,rese>*+1   
evaluat+1 & dissem9at+ high-quality     
evid5ce-bas$ programs & activities t    
implem5t s*ool-wide positive behavior   
supports ) fidelity4  7#d7 ,support+ o!r
 local positive behavior support        
implem5tation activities consi/5t ) ?is 
subsection1 includ+ outrea* to families 
& community ag5cies & provid]s1 su* z   
m5tal heal? au?orities4  7g7 ,evaluation
 & report ,ea* ,/ate educational ag5cy  
receiv+ a grant "u ?is section %all1 at 
! end ( ! #c-ye> grant p]iod = su*      
grant1 prep>e & submit to ! ,secret>y1 a
 report t--  7#a7 evaluates ! ,/ate's   
progress t[>d develop+ & implem5t+      
evid5ce-bas$ sy/ematic approa*es to     
s*ool-wide positive behavior supports2 &

  7#b7 includes su* in=mation z !       
,secret>y may require4  7h7 ,dep>tm5t ( 
! int]ior ,f ! am\nt appropriat$ "u     
section #aa1 ! ,secret>y may allocate   
funds to ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior =     
activities "u ?is section ) respect to  
s*ools op]at$ or fund$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( 
! ,int]ior1 "u su* t]ms z ! ,secret>y ( 
,education may prescribe4  #g4 ,national
 assessm5t  7a7 ,national assessm5t ,!  
,secret>y %all c>ry out a national      
assessm5t to-- 7#a7 det]m9e compliance )
 ! requirem5ts ( ?is ,act2 &  7#b7      
id5tify be/ practices ) respect to      
pr(essional developm5t & tra9+ programs 
c>ri$ out "u section #f1 :i* %all       
include id5tify+ evid5ce-bas$ s*ool     
p]sonnel tra9+ models ) demon/rat$      
success 7includ+ models t emphasize     
positive behavior supports &            
de-escalation te*niques ov] physical    
int]v5tion74  7b7 ,report ,! ,secret>y  
%all submit to ! ,committee on          
,education & ,labor ( ! ,h\se (         
,repres5tatives & ! ,committee on       

,heal?1 ,education1 ,labor1 & ,p5sions (
 ! ,s5ate--  7#a7 an int]im report t    
summ>izes ! prelim9>y f9d+s ( !         
assessm5t describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 n   
lat] ?an #c ye>s aft] ! date ( enactm5t 
( ?is ,act2 &  7#b7 a f9al report ( !   
f9d+s ( ! assessm5t n lat] ?an #e ye>s  
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4    
#h4 ,protection & advocacy sy/ems       
,protection & ,advocacy ,sy/ems %all h !
 au?ority provid$ "u section #adc ( !   
,developm5tal ,disabilities ,assi/ance &
 ,bill ( ,rights ,act ( #bjjj 7#db      
,u4,s4,c4 #aejdc7 to inve/igate1        
monitor1 & en=ce protections provid$ =  
/ud5ts "u ?is ,act & ! am5dm5ts made by 
?is ,act4  #i4 ,limitation ( au?ority   
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be   
con/ru$ to re/rict or limit1 or all[ !  
,secret>y to re/rict or limit1 any o!r  
rights or rem$ies o!rwise available to  
/ud5ts or p>5ts "u ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or    
local law or regulation4  7b7           
,applicability  7#a7 ,private s*ools    
,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be con/ru$ to     

affect any private s*ool t does n       
receive1 or does n s]ve /ud5ts :o       
receive1 support 9 any =m f any program 
support$1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ) funds       
appropriat$ to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,education4
  7#b7 ,home s*ools ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act    
%all be con/ru$ to-- 7,a7 affect a home 
s*ool1 :e!r or n a home s*ool is treat$ 
z a private s*ool or home s*ool "u ,/ate
 law2 or  7,b7 consid] p>5ts :o are     
s*ool+ a *ild at home z s*ool p]sonnel4 
#aj4 ,rule ( con/ruction on data        
collection ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be     
con/ru$ to affect ! collection (        
in=mation or data ) respect to corporal 
puni%m5t au?oriz$ "u ! /atutes &        
regulations implem5t+ title ,,vi ( !    
,civil ,rights ,act ( #aifd 7#db        
,u4,s4,c4 #bjjj;d et seq471 title ,,ix (
 ! ,education ,am5dm5ts ( #aigb 7#bj    
,u4,s4,c4 #afha et seq471 section #ejd (
 ! ,rehabilitation ,act ( #aigc 7#bi    
,u4,s4,c4 #gid et seq471 or ! ,dep>tm5t 
( ,education ,organization ,act 7#bj    
,u4,s4,c4 #cdja et seq474  #aa4         

,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are 
au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ su* sums z   
may be necess>y to c>ry out ?is ,act =  
fiscal ye> #bjai & ea* ( ! #d succe$+   
fiscal ye>s4  #ab4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is   
,act3 7#a7 ,corporal puni%m5t ,! t]m    
corporal puni%m5t means paddl+1 spank+1 
or o!r =ms ( physical puni%m5t1 h[ev]   
light1 impos$ ^u a /ud5t4  7#b7         
,educational s]vice ag5cy ,! t]m        
educational s]vice ag5cy has ! mean+    
giv5 su* t]m 9 section #haja7ah7 ( !    
,elem5t>y & ,second>y ,education ,act ( 
#aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ghja7ah774  7#c7  
,elem5t>y s*ool ,! t]m elem5t>y s*ool   
has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section        
#haja7ai7 ( ! ,elem5t>y & ,second>y     
,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4  
#ghja7ai774  7#d7 ,local educational    
ag5cy ,! t]m local educational ag5cy has
 ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #haja7cj7 
( ! ,elem5t>y & ,second>y ,education    
,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ghja7cj774 
7#e7 ,p>5t ,! t]m p>5t has ! mean+ giv5 
! t]m 9 section #haja7ch7 ( ! ,elem5t>y 

& ,second>y ,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj
 ,u4,s4,c4 #ghja7ch774  7#f7 ,positive  
behavior supports ,! t]m positive       
behavior supports means a sy/ematic     
approa* to emb$ evid5ce-bas$ practices &
 data-driv5 decision mak+ to improve    
s*ool climate & culture1 includ+ a range
 ( sy/emic & individualiz$ /rategies to 
re9=ce desir$ behaviors & dim9i%        
reoccurr5ce ( problem behaviors1 9 ord] 
to a*ieve improv$ academic & social     
outcomes & increase le>n+ = all /ud5ts1 
includ+ ^? ) ! mo/ complex & int5sive   
behavioral ne$s4  7#g7 ,protection &    
advocacy sy/em ,! t]m protection &      
advocacy sy/em means a protection &     
advocacy sy/em e/abli%$ "u section #adc 
( ! ,developm5tal ,disabilities         
,assi/ance & ,bill ( ,rights ,act (     
#bjjj 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aejdc74  7#h7     
,s*ool ,! t]m s*ool means an entity--   
7,a7 t--  7i7 is a public or private--  
7,i7 day or resid5tial elem5t>y s*ool or
 second>y s*ool2 or  7,,ii7 e>ly        
*ildhood1 elem5t>y s*ool1 or second>y   

s*ool program t is "u ! jurisdiction ( a
 s*ool1 local educational ag5cy1        
educational s]vice ag5cy1 or o!r        
educational in/itution or program2 &    
7ii7 receives1 or s]ves /ud5ts :o       
receive1 support 9 any =m f any program 
support$1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 ) funds       
appropriat$ to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,education2
 or  7,b7 t is a s*ool fund$ or op]at$  
by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior4  7#i7      
,specializ$ in/ructional support        
p]sonnel ,! t]m specializ$ in/ructional 
support p]sonnel means s*ool c\nselors1 
s*ool social work]s1 s*ool nurses1 s*ool
 psy*ologi/s1 & o!r qualifi$ pr(essional
 p]sonnel involv$ 9 provid+ assessm5t1  
diagnosis1 c\nsel+1 educational1 heal?1 
!rapeutic1 & o!r necess>y corrective or 
supportive s]vices4  7#aj7 ,second>y    
s*ool ,! t]m second>y s*ool has ! mean+ 
giv5 ! t]m 9 section #haja7de7 ( !      
,elem5t>y & ,second>y ,education ,act ( 
#aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ghja7de774  7#aa7 
,secret>y ,! t]m ,secret>y means !      
,secret>y ( ,education4  7#ab7 ,/ate ,! 

t]m ,/ate has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9      
section #haja ( ! ,elem5t>y & ,second>y 
,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4  
#ghja74  7#ac7 ,/ate educational ag5cy  
,! t]m ,/ate educational ag5cy has !    
mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #haja7dh7 ( !
 ,elem5t>y & ,second>y ,education ,act (
 #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ghja7dh774  7#ad7
 ,/ud5t ,! t]m /ud5t means a /ud5t      
enroll$ 9 a s*ool def9$ 9 p>agraph 7#h74
  #ac4 ,presumption ( congress relat+ to
 competitive proc$ures  7a7 ,presumption
 ,x is ! presumption ( ,congress t      
grants aw>d$ "u ?is ,act w be aw>d$ us+ 
competitive proc$ures bas$ on m]it4  7b7
 ,report to congress ,if grants are     
aw>d$ "u ?is ,act us+ proc$ures o!r ?an 
competitive proc$ures1 ! ,secret>y %all 
submit to ,congress a report expla9+ :y 
competitive proc$ures 7 n us$4  #ad4    
,prohibition on e>m>ks ,none ( ! funds  
appropriat$ to c>ry out ?is ,act may be 
us$ = a congressional e>m>k z def9$ 9   
clause #i7;e7 ( rule ,,xxi ( ! ,rules ( 
! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ( ! #aad?     

,congress4