,i  #aafth ,,congress  #b;d ,session    
,h4 ,r4 #gbeb  ,,in ,,the ,,house ,,of  
,,representatives  ,june #ah1 #bjbj,ms4 
,johnson of ,texas introduced the       
following bill2 which was referred to   
the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and 
,technology1 and in addition to the     
,committees on ,homeland ,security1 and 
the ,judiciary1 for a period to be      
subsequently determined by the ,speaker1
 in each case for consideration of such 
provisions as fall within the           
jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
,a ,,bill  ,to provide for research to  
examine law enforcement policies and    
practices1 including the causes1        
consequences1 and mitigation of         
excessive use of force1 and for other   
purposes4  #a4 ,short title ,this ,act  
may be cited as the ,promoting ,fair and
 ,effective ,policing ,through ,research
 ,act4  #b4 ,findings ,congress finds   
the following3 7#a7 ,despite the pivotal
 role police officers play in preventing
 and controlling crime1 there are       

significant gaps in research on the     
fairness and efficacy of policing       
policies and practices1 including those 
related to use of force4  7#b7 ,the lack
 of accurate and comprehensive data on  
police use of force is often cited as   
one of the most significant barriers to 
identifying and understanding patterns  
of police use of excessive force against
 civilians4  7#c7 ,the best available   
evidence reveals increased likelihood of
 police use of force against people of  
color1 people with disabilities1 ,,lgbt 
people1 people with mental health       
conditions1 people with low incomes1 and
 those at the intersections of these    
groups4  7#d7 ,biases in advanced       
policing technologies1 including        
biometric identification systems1 have  
the potential to exacerbate such        
disparities4  7#e7 ,along with better   
data1 more social and behavioral        
research is needed to improve our       
understanding of the potential factors  
that influence excessive use of force as

 well as the related psychological and  
social effects of such incidents on     
individuals and communities4  #c4       
,definitions ,in this ,act3 7#a7        
,community-based organization ,the term 
community-based organization means a    
grassroots organization that monitors   
the issue of police misconduct and that 
has a national presence and membership1 
such as the ,national ,association for  
the ,advancement of ,colored ,people    
7,,naacp71 the ,american ,civil         
,liberties ,union 7,,aclu71 the         
,national ,council of ,la ,raza1 the    
,national ,urban ,league1 the ,national 
,congress of ,american ,indians1 and the
 ,national ,asian ,pacific ,legal       
,consortium 7,,napalc74  7#b7           
,institution of higher education ,the   
term institution of higher education has
 the meaning given the term in section  
#aja of the ,higher ,education ,act of  
#aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajja74  7#c7 ,law 
enforcement agency ,the term law        
enforcement agency means any ,federal1  

,state1 or local public agency engaged  
in the prevention1 detection1 or        
investigation of violations of criminal1
 immigration1 or customs law4  7#d7     
,non-profit organization ,the term      
non-profit organization means an        
organization described in section       
#eja7;c77#c7 of the ,internal ,revenue  
,code of #aihf and exempt from tax under
 section #eja7;a7 of such code4  7#e7   
,professional law enforcement           
association ,the term professional law  
enforcement association means a law     
enforcement membership association that 
works for the needs of ,federal1 ,state1
 local1 or ,indian tribal law           
enforcement agencies and with the       
civilian community on matters of common 
interest1 such as the ,hispanic ,police 
,command ,officers ,association         
7,,hapcoa71 the ,national ,asian        
,pacific ,officers ,association         
7,,napoa71 the ,national ,black ,police 
,association 7,,nbpa71 the ,national    
,organization of ,black ,law            

,enforcement ,executives 7,,noble71     
,women in ,law ,enforcement1 the ,native
 ,american ,law ,enforcement            
,association 7,,nalea71 the             
,international ,association of ,chiefs  
of ,police 7,,iacp71 the ,national      
,sheriffs' ,association 7,,nfa71 the    
,fraternal ,order of ,police 7,,fop71   
and the ,national ,association of       
,school ,resource ,officers4  #d4       
,agency activities  7a7 ,national       
,science ,foundation  7#a7 ,research    
,the ,director of the ,national ,science
 ,foundation shall award grants1 on a   
competitive basis1 to institutions of   
higher education or nonprofit           
organizations 7or consortia of such     
institutions or organizations7-- 7,a7 to
 support social and behavioral research 
on-- 7i7 policies and practices of law  
enforcement agencies and related        
outcomes1 including the use of data and 
technology by law enforcement agencies2 
7ii7 the causes and consequences of     
police violence2  7iii7 interventions   

designed to mitigate police use of      
excessive force1 including de-escalation
 training and advanced policing         
technologies2  7iv7 organizational      
configurations and personnel practices  
in law enforcement agencies1 such as    
recruitment1 training1 oversight1       
performance standards1 decision-making1 
methods of supervising officers1        
resource allocation1 and the role of    
police leadership2 and  7v7 the role of 
cooperation among law enforcement       
agencies and the communities served by  
such agencies in reducing crime and     
ensuring community safety2 and  7,b7 to 
educate and train the next generation of
 researchers in areas of social and     
behavioral sciences research relevant to
 policing policies and practices in     
democratic societies4  7#b7             
,researcher-law enforcement partnerships
  7,a7 ,in general ,the ,director of the
 ,national ,science ,foundation shall   
carry out a program to award grants1 on 
a competitive basis1 to institutions of 

higher education or nonprofit           
organizations 7or consortia of such     
institutions or organizations7 to       
improve the fairness and efficacy of    
policing policies and practices1        
including by reducing the incidence and 
mitigating the negative consequences of 
excessive and lethal use of force by law
 enforcement4  7,b7 ,partnerships ,in   
order to be eligible to receive a grant 
under this subsection1 an institution of
 higher education or nonprofit          
organization 7or consortia of such      
institutions or organizations7 shall    
enter into a partnership with-- 7i7 one 
or more law enforcement agency2  7ii7   
one or more community-based             
organization2 or  7iii7 one or more     
professional law enforcement            
association4  7,c7 ,annual meeting ,the 
,director of the ,national ,science     
,foundation1 in consultation with the   
,attorney ,general of the ,united       
,states1 shall convene an annual meeting
 of the partnerships participating under

 this section to foster greater national
 collaboration4  7#c7 ,national         
academies study ,not later than #de days
 after the date of enactment of this    
,act1 the ,director shall enter into an 
agreement with the ,academies to conduct
 a study-- 7,a7 to review the research  
literature and identify research gaps   
related to policing policies and        
practices1 including research into the  
causes1 consequences1 and mitigation of 
police violence2  7,b7 to present a     
compendium of promising policing        
policies and practices1 including those 
shown to reduce the incidence and       
mitigate the negative consequences of   
police violence2  7,c7 identify barriers
 to widespread and sustained            
implementation of such policies and     
practices2 and  7,d7 to make            
recommendations to the ,foundation1 the 
,department of ,justice1 law enforcement
 agencies1 and other relevant           
stakeholders on measures to address such
 barriers4  7b7 ,national ,institute of 

,standards and ,technology  7#a7 ,in    
general ,the ,secretary of ,commerce1   
acting through the ,director of the     
,national ,institute of ,standards and  
,technology1 shall establish a program  
to support measurement research to      
inform the development of best          
practices1 benchmarks1 methodologies1   
procedures1 and voluntary consensus     
standards for biometric identification  
systems and other advanced policing     
tools to assess and improve fairness in 
such systems4 ,in carrying out such     
program1 the ,director shall-- 7,a7     
conduct research to support efforts to  
improve biometric identification        
systems1 including in areas related to  
conformity assessment1 image            
interoperability1 and capture device    
certification2  7,b7 establish common   
definitions and characterizations for   
biometric identification systems1       
including fairness1 bias1 validation1   
transparency1 safety1 privacy1 security1
 robustness1 and other properties2  7,c7

 produce data sets that are curated1    
standardized1 representative1 secure1   
and privacy protected for biometric     
identification technology research1     
development1 and use2  7,d7 provide     
outreach1 coordination1 and technical   
support to relevant industry and        
non-industry stakeholders and standards 
development organizations to assist such
 entities in the development of best    
practices and voluntary standards2 and  
7,e7 develop such standard reference    
material as the ,director of the        
,national ,institute of ,standards and  
,technology determines is appropriate to
 further the development of such        
standards4  7#b7 ,biometrics vendor test
 program  7,a7 ,in general ,the         
,secretary1 acting through the ,director
 of the ,national ,institute of         
,standards and ,technology1 shall carry 
out a test program to provide biometrics
 vendors the opportunity to test        
biometric identification technologies4  
7,b7 ,activities ,in carrying out the   

program under subparagraph 7,a71 the    
,director shall-- 7i7 conduct research  
and testing to improve and benchmark the
 accuracy1 efficacy1 and fairness of    
biometric identification systems1       
including research and testing on       
demographic variations1 capture devices1
 presentation attack detection1 template
 protection1 de-identification1 and     
comparison of algorithm and human facial
 recognition capability2  7ii7 produce  
public-facing reports of the findings   
from such testing for a general         
audience2  7iii7 in coordination with   
the ,department of ,homeland ,security1 
provide guidance to law enforcement     
agencies to support decision-making with
 respect to acquisition and             
implementation of biometric             
identification systems and related      
technologies2 and  7iv7 conduct such    
other activities as the ,director of the
 ,national ,institute of ,standards and 
,technology determines appropriate4     
7,c7 ,funding ,to carry out this        

subsection1 the ,director of the        
,national ,institute of ,standards and  
,technology may enter into contracts1   
including cooperative research and      
development arrangements1 grants1       
cooperative agreements1 and other       
transactions as the ,director determines
 appropriate4  7,d7 ,partnerships with  
other ,federal agencies ,in addition to 
such sums as may be authorized to be    
appropriated or otherwise made available
 to carry out this section1 the         
,director my accept funds from other    
departments and agencies of the ,federal
 ,government1 and from the ,state and   
local governments1 to carry out the     
program under this subsection4  7c7     
,department of ,homeland ,security  7#a7
 ,in general ,the ,secretary of         
,homeland ,security1 acting through the 
,under ,secretary for ,science and      
,technology1 in consultation with the   
,federal ,law ,enforcement ,training    
,centers1 shall establish a program with
 the purpose of reducing excessive use  

of force and lethal use of force by law 
enforcement4  7#b7 ,activities ,in      
carrying out such program1 the          
,secretary shall-- 7,a7 support research
 and data analysis to improve training1 
policies1 and practices to support      
development of guidelines and best      
practices for recruitment and training  
of law enforcement officials to reduce  
excessive use of force and mitigate     
racial bias in policing2  7,b7 develop1 
test1 and evaluate innovative tools or  
technologies to assist in risk          
assessment and provide law enforcement  
agencies with tools1 restraints1 and    
maneuvers that are non-lethal or less   
harmful than tools1 restraints1 and     
maneuvers used by such agencies2  7,c7  
provide the scientific basis for a      
national standard for police use of     
force continuums2 and  7,d7 conduct     
outreach to ,federal1 ,state1 local1 and
 tribal law enforcement agencies1       
academia1 researchers1 practitioners1   
and trainers to share information and   

disseminate guidelines and best         
practices4  #e4 ,authorization of       
appropriations ,there are authorized to 
be appropriated for each of fiscal years
 #bjba through #bjbf to carry out the   
activities in this ,act-- 7#a7          
#aj1jjj1jjj to the ,director of the     
,national ,science ,foundation2  7#b7   
#b1jjj1jjj to the ,director of the      
,national ,institute of ,standards and  
,technology2 and  7#c7 #b1jjj1jjj to the
 ,secretary of ,homeland ,security4