,i  #aaf? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #ffi  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(            
,,repres5tatives  ,janu>y #ag1 #bjai,mr4
 ,t$ ,lieu ( ,cali=nia 7= himself1 ,ms4 
,s*ak[sky1 ,mr4 ,bey]1 ,ms4 ,p+ree1 ,ms4
 ,cl>ke ( ,new ,york1 ,mr4 ,panetta1    
,ms4 ,e%oo1 ,mr4 ,mc,govern1 ,mr4 ,coh51
 ,mr4 ,nadl]1 ,mr4 ,de,fazio1 ,mr4      
,grijalva1 ,mr4 ,ru%1 ,ms4 ,lee (       
,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,espaillat1 ,ms4        
,bonamici1 ,mrs4 ,watson ,coleman1 ,mr4 
,br5dan ,f4 ,boyle ( ,p5nsylvania1 ,mr4 
,khanna1 ,ms4 ,spei]1 ,ms4 ,velzquez1   
,ms4 ,mc,collum1 ,ms4 ,cl>k (           
,massa*usetts1 ,ms4 ,port]1 ,ms4 ,judy  
,*u ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,g>am5di1 ,ms4    
,jayapal1 ,mr4 ,jones1 ,ms4 ,de,lauro1  
,ms4 ,gabb>d1 ,mr4 ,blum5au]1 ,mr4      
,johnson ( ,georgia1 ,ms4 ,norton1 ,mr4 
,%]man1 ,mr4 ,payne1 ,mrs4 ,napolitano1 
,ms4 ,l(gr51 ,mr4 ,pocan1 ,mr4 ,wel*1   
,mr4 ,cri/1 ,mr4 ,c>bajal1 ,mr4 ,s]rano1
 & ,mr4 ,c\rtney7 introduc$ ! foll[+    
bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on   
,=eign ,affairs  ,a ,,bill  ,to prohibit

 ! conduct ( a fir/-use nucle> /rike    
abs5t a decl>ation ( w> by ,congress4   
#a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z 
! ,re/rict+ ,fir/ ,use ( ,nucle>        
,weapons ,act ( #bjai4  #b4 ,f9d+s &    
decl>ation ( policy  7a7 ,f9d+s         
,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,!       
,con/itution gives ,congress ! sole p[] 
to decl>e w>4  7#b7 ,! fram]s ( !       
,con/itution und]/ood t ! monum5tal     
decision to g to w>1 :i* c result 9     
massive dea? & ! de/ruction ( civiliz$  
society1 mu/ be made by ! repres5tatives
 ( ! p & n by a s+le p]son4  7#c7 ,z    
/at$ by section #b7;c7 ( ! ,w> ,p[]s    
,resolution 7,public ,law #ic-adh2 #ej  
,u4,s4,c4 #aeda71 ! con/itutional p[]s (
 ! ,presid5t z ,comm&]-9-,*ief to       
introduce ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces into
 ho/ilities1 or into situations :]e     
imm95t involvem5t 9 ho/ilities is cle>ly
 indicat$ by ! circum/ances1 are ex]cis$
 only pursuant to 7#a7 a decl>ation (   
w>1 7#b7 specific /atutory au?orization1
 or 7#c7 a national em]g5cy creat$ by   

attack ^u ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 its          
t]ritories or possessions1 or its arm$  
=ces4  7#d7 ,nucle> weapons are uniquely
 p[]ful weapons t h ! capability to     
in/antly kill millions ( p1 create      
long-t]m heal? & environm5tal           
consequ5ces ?r\gh\t ! _w1 directly      
und]m9e global peace1 & put ! ,unit$    
,/ates at exi/5tial risk f retaliatory  
nucle> /rikes4  7#e7 ,by any def9ition (
 w>1 a fir/-use nucle> /rike f ! ,unit$ 
,/ates w\ld con/itute a major act ( w>4 
7#f7 ,a fir/-use nucle> /rike conduct$  
abs5t a decl>ation ( w> by ,congress    
w\ld violate ! ,con/itution4  7b7       
,decl>ation ( policy ,x is ! policy ( ! 
,unit$ ,/ates t no fir/-use nucle> /rike
 %\ld be conduct$ abs5t a decl>ation (  
w> by ,congress4  #c4 ,prohibition on   
conduct ( fir/-use nucle> /rikes  7a7   
,prohibition ,not)/&+ any o!r provision 
( law1 ! ,presid5t may n use ! ,arm$    
,=ces ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to conduct a    
fir/-use nucle> /rike unless su* /rike  
is conduct$ pursuant to a decl>ation (  

w> by ,congress t expressly au?orizes   
su* /rike4  7b7 ,fir/-,use nucle> /rike 
def9$ ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m fir/-use    
nucle> /rike means an attack us+ nucle> 
weapons aga9/ an enemy t is conduct$ )\t
 ! ,presid5t det]m9+ t ! enemy has fir/ 
laun*$ a nucle> /rike aga9/ ! ,unit$    
,/ates or an ally ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4