,i  #aaf? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  ,h4
 ,r4 #fchh  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(          
,,repres5tatives  ,m>* #be1 #bjbj,ms4   
,h\lahan 7= h]self & ,mr4 ,web] (       
,texas7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0  
ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,sci5ce1      
,space1 & ,te*nology  ,a ,,bill  ,to    
direct ! ,national ,space ,c\ncil to    
develop a /rategy to ensure ! ,unit$    
,/ates rema9s ! preem95t space p[] 9 !  
face ( gr[+ global competition4  #a4    
,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z !   
,space ,te*nology ,advancem5t ,report   
7,,/>7 ,act ( #bjbj4  #b4 ,f9d+s        
,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,z /at$ 9 
! ,unit$ ,/ates-,*9a ,economic &        
,security ,commission's #bjai ,report to
 ,congress1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates reta9s _m   
advantages ov] ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a  
7,,prc7 9 space1 includ+-- 7,a7 !       
organization & te*nical exp]tise ( its  
space program2  7,b7 ,,nasa's national  
capabilities = human spaceflight &      
exploration2  7,c7 its vibrant comm]cial
 space sector2  7,d7 its long hi/ory (  

space lead]%ip2 &  7,e7 _m int]national 
p>tn]%ips4  7#b7 ,! ,,prc seeks to      
e/abli% a lead+ position 9 ! economic & 
milit>y use ( out] space & views space z
 critical to its future security &      
economic int]e/s4  7#c7 ,! ,,prc's      
national-level commitm5t to e/abli%+    
itself z a global space lead] h>ms      
,unit$ ,/ates int]e/s & ?reat5s to      
und]m9e _m ( ! advantages ! ,unit$      
,/ates has work$ s long to e/abli%4     
7#d7 ,= ov] #fj ye>s1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates   
has l$ ! _w 9 space exploration & human 
space flight ?r\gh a robu/ national     
program t ensures ,,nasa develops &     
ma9ta9s critical spaceflight sy/ems to  
enable ?is lead]%ip1 includ+ ! ,apollo  
program's ,saturn ,v rocket1 ! ,space   
,%uttle1 ! ,int]national ,space ,/ation 
& ! ,space ,laun* ,sy/em & ,orion today4
  7#e7 ,a #bjai ,def5se ,intellig5ce    
,ag5cy not$ 9 its ,*all5ges to ,u4,s4   
,security 9 ,space report t ! ,,prc 0   
develop+ a national sup]-heavy lift     
rocket comp>able to ,,nasa's ,space     

,laun* ,sy/em4  7#f7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates   
space program & comm]cial space sector  
risks be+ holl[$ out by ! ,,prc's plans 
to atta9 lead]%ip 9 key te*nologies4    
7#g7 ,x is 9 ! economic & security      
int]e/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to rema9 !     
global lead] 9 space p[]4  7#h7 ,a rec5t
 report by ! ,air ,=ce ,rese>*          
,laboratory & ! ,def5se ,innovation     
,unit f\nd t ,*9a's /rategy to bol/] its
 dome/ic space indu/ry includes a global
 program ( !ft & o!r misappropriation ( 
intellectual prop]ty1 direct integration
 ( /ate-own$ entities & _! te*nology )  
comm]cial />t-ups1 ! use ( front        
companies to inve/ 9 ,unit$ ,/ates space
 companies1 v]tical control ( supply    
*a9s1 & pr$atory pric+4  7#i7 ,! ,unit$ 
,/ates ,congress pass$ ! ,wolf ,am5dm5t 
z "p ( ! ,fiscal ,ye> #bjab ,consolidat$
 & ,fur!r ,cont9u+ ,appropriations ,act 
7,public ,law #aab-ee7 & e ye> !reaft] 9
 response to ! nef>i\s & (f5sive nature 
( ,*9ese activities 9 ! space indu/ry4  
#c4 ,report  7a7 ,requirem5t = report ,n

 lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t 
( ?is ,act1 & updat$ ea* ye> !reaft]1 ! 
,national ,space ,c\ncil %all submit to 
! appropriate congressional committees  
an int]ag5cy assessm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 ability to effectively compete ) =eign 
space programs & 9 ! em]g+ comm]cial    
space economy4  7b7 ,cont5t ( report ,! 
report mu/ include1 at m9imum1 ! foll[+3
 7#a7 ,unit$ ,/ates national space      
program human exploration & spaceflight 
capabilities relative to ,,prc national 
programs4  7#b7 ,an assessm5t (-- 7,a7 !
 viability ( extraction ( space-bas$    
preci\s m9]als1 onsite exploitation (   
space-bas$ natural res\rces1 &          
utilization ( space-bas$ sol> p[]2  7,b7
 a comp>ative assessm5t ( ! ,,prc's     
programs relat$ to ^! issues2 &  7,c7 an
 assessm5t ( any pot5tial t]re/rial or  
space environm5tal impacts ( space-bas$ 
sol> p[]4  7#c7 ,an assessm5t ( ,unit$  
,/ates /rategic int]e/s 9 or relat$ to  
cislun> space4  7#d7 ,a comp>ative      
assessm5t ( future ,unit$ ,/ates space  

laun* capabilities & ^? ( ! ,,prc4  7#e7
 ,! ext5t ( =eign inve/m5t 9 ! ,unit$   
,/ates comm]cial space sector1          
especially 9 v5ture capital & o!r       
private equity inve/m5ts t seek to "w ) 
! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t4  7#f7 ,! /eps
 by :i* ,,nasa1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se1 &
 o!r ,unit$ ,/ates ,f$]al ag5cies       
conduct ! necess>y due dilig5ce &       
security reviews prior to inve/+ 9      
private space entities t may h receiv$  
fund+ f =eign inve/m5t4  7#g7 ,curr5t   
/eps ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t is tak+  
to protect its dome/ic space indu/ry f  
,*9ese influ5ce4  7#h7 ,an assessm5t ( !
 ,u4,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se's curr5t    
ability to gu>antee ! protection (      
comm]cial communications & navigation 9 
space f ! ,,prc's gr[+ c\nt]space       
capabilities1 & any actions requir$ to  
improve ?is capability4  7#i7 ,an       
assessm5t ( h[ ! ,,prc's activities are 
impact+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates comm]cial space 
indu/ry's competitiv5ess & ,unit$ ,/ates
 national security1 includ+-- 7,a7      

,*9ese !ft ( ,unit$ ,/ates intellectual 
prop]ty ?r\gh te*nology transf]         
requirem5ts or o!rwise2 &  7,b7 ,*9ese  
ef=ts to seize control ( critical       
elem5ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates space indu/ry 
supply *a9 & ,unit$ ,/ates space indu/ry
 companies or si/] companies ) %>$      
lead]%ip2 & gov]nm5t cyb]security       
capabilities4  7#aj7 ,an assessm5t (    
,*9ese ef=ts to pursue coop]ative       
agreem5ts ) o!r nations to advance space
 developm5t4  7#aa7 ,recomm5dations to  
,congress includ+-- 7,a7 any legislative
 action to address ,*9ese ?reats to !   
,unit$ ,/ates national space programs z 
well z dome/ic comm]cial laun* &        
satellite indu/ries2  7,b7 h[ ! ,unit$  
,/ates ,gov]nm5t c be/ utilize exi/+    
,f$]al entities to inve/igate & prev5t  
pot5tially h>mful ,*9ese inve/m5t 9 !   
,unit$ ,/ates comm]cial space indu/ry2  
7,c7 h[ ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t c     
bol/] dome/ic inve/m5t 9 space traffic  
managem5t 7,,/m7 to ensure ! ,unit$     
,/ates space indu/ry seizes & reta9s    

lead]%ip /atus 9 ,,/m s]vices1 /&>ds1 & 
be/ practices2 &  7,d7 h[ ! ,unit$      
,/ates ,gov]nm5t c bol/] dome/ic        
inve/m5t 9 critical ,unit$ ,/ates space 
indu/ry te*nologies4  7c7 ,=m ,! report 
requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all be       
submitt$ 9 unclassifi$ =m1 b may include
 a classifi$ annex4  #d4 ,/rategy  7a7  
,requirem5t = /rategy ,n lat] ?an #a ye>
 aft] ! submission ( ! report requir$ 9 
section #c1 ! ,presid5t1 9 consultation 
) ! ,national ,space ,c\ncil1 %all      
develop & submit to ! appropriate       
congressional committees a /rategy to   
ensure ! ,unit$ ,/ates c effectively    
compete ) o!r national space programs1  
ma9ta9 dom9ance 9 ! em]g+ comm]cial     
space economy1 & has m>ket1 regulatory1 
& o!r means available to address unfair 
competition f ! ,,prc bas$ on ! f9d+s 9 
! report requir$ 9 section #c4  7b7     
,cont5t ( /rategy ,! /rategy %\ld       
include1 at m9imum1 ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,a   
long-t]m plan = develop+ ! economic     
pot5tial ( space1 includ+ b n limit$ to 

! indu/ries & sectors detail$ 9 section 
#c 7b77#a77;,a74  7#b7 ,a plan to ensure
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates leads ! creation (     
int]national /&>ds = int]op]able        
comm]cial space capabilities1 includ+ b 
n limit$ to ! creation ( a space        
commodities ex*ange4  7#c7 ,a plan to   
/reaml9e & /r5g!n ,unit$ ,/ates         
coop]ation ) allies & p>tn]s 9 space4   
7#d7 ,an int]ag5cy /rategy t includes b 
is n limit$ to ,,nasa1 ! ,dep>tm5t (    
,def5se1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,transportation1   
,f$]al ,aviation ,adm9i/ration1         
,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate1
 & ,dep>tm5t ( ,en]gy to def5d ,unit$   
,/ates supply *a9s & manufactur+        
capacity critical to competitiv5ess 9   
space4  7#e7 ,a plan to ensure !        
,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se has ! legal & o!r   
au?orities requir$ to protect ,unit$    
,/ates economic & security int]e/s 9    
space4  7#f7 ,a plan to /reaml9e &      
/r5g!n ,unit$ ,/ates coop]ation )       
int]national allies & p>tn]s 9 space4   
7c7 ,=m ,! /rategy requir$ "u subsection

 7a7 %all be submitt$ 9 unclassifi$ =m1 
b may include a classifi$ annex4  #e4   
,def9itions ,9 ?is section1 ! foll[+    
def9itions apply3 7#a7 ,appropriate     
congressional committees ( congress ,!  
t]m appropriate congressional committees
 means-- 7,a7 ! ,committee on ,arm$     
,s]vices1 ! ,committee on ,=eign        
,relations1 & ! ,committee on ,comm]ce1 
,sci5ce1 & ,transportation ( ! ,s5ate2 &
  7,b7 ! ,committee on ,arm$ ,s]vices1 !
 ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs1 & !     
,committee on ,sci5ce1 ,space1 &        
,te*nology ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 
7#b7 ,,prc ,! t]m ,,prc means ! ,p's    
,republic ( ,*9a4  7#c7 ,space          
commodities ,! t]m space commodities    
means all commodities to be def9$ by !  
,space ,commodities ,ex*ange = trad+    
!reon1 includ+ b n limit$ to-- 7,a7 raw 
mat]ials2  7,b7 process$ goods1 su* z   
r>e e>? m9]als2  7,c7 s]vices1 su* z    
s]vices 9 ,l[ ,e>? ,orbit or cislun>    
orbit = en]gy /orage1 laun*1 9-orbit    
refuel+1 satellite imag]y1              

telecommunications1 & debris removal2   
7,d7 f9ancial d]ivatives1 su* z supply &
 risk transf] h$ges2 &  7,e7 f9ancial   
indexes1 su* z an index = commodities   
us$ 9 ,l[ ,e>? ,orbit or cis-lun> orbit4
  7#d7 ,space commodities ex*ange ,! t]m
 ,space ,commodities ,ex*ange means an  
ex*ange lic5s$ "u ! ,commodity ,ex*ange 
,act ( #aicf z am5d$ 7#g ,u4,s4,c4 #a71 
or ano!r suitable ,f$]al m>ket          
regulatory s*eme t s]ves to enhance     
trad+ ( commodities produc$ by1 us$ 91  
or d]iv$ or index$ to activities ( !    
space economy4