,i  #aaf? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #eeai  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,decemb] #ai1         
#bjai,mr4 ,mc,nerney introduc$ ! foll[+ 
bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on   
,sci5ce1 ,space1 & ,te*nology  ,a ,,bill
  ,to am5d ! ,am]ica ,,competes ,act to 
improve measurem5t & assessm5t          
capabilities = und]/&+ propos$          
atmosph]ic int]v5tions 9 ,e>?'s climate1
 includ+1 z a priority1 ! effects (     
propos$ int]v5tions 9 ! /ratosph]e & 9  
cl\d-a]osol processes4  #a4 ,%ort title 
,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,atmosph]ic   
,climate ,int]v5tion ,rese>* ,act4  #b4 
,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,!
 ,national ,oceanic & ,atmosph]ic       
,adm9i/ration 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is section z
 ,,noaa7 & its ,(fice ( ,ocean &        
,atmosph]ic ,rese>* und]takes rese>*1   
includ+ sci5tific rese>*1 comput] model+
 & o!r =ms ( analysis1 & uses satellite1
 airborne1 & gr\nd-bas$ sy/ems to       
monitor atmosph]ic *emi/ry & dynamics1  
includ+ radiative =c+ gases &           

/ratosph]ic ozone z well z ! *emical    
comp\nds & atmosph]ic conditions t      
affect its conc5tration4  7#b7 ,! ,,noaa
 ,e>? ,sy/em ,rese>* ,laboratory1 !     
,,noaa ,geophysical ,fluid ,dynamics    
,laboratory1 & ! ,,noaa ,air ,res\rce   
,laboratory are actively involv$ 9      
obs]vations1 model+1 & monitor+ t       
enhance ! sci5tific und]/&+ ( atmosph]ic
 *emi/ry & dynamics1 driv]s ( radiative 
=c+ ( climate *ange 9 ! atmosph]e1 !    
heal? ( ! /ratosph]e1 includ+ ozone & ! 
processes affect+ its conc5tration 9 !  
/ratosph]e1 & cl\d a]osol int]actions & 
_! climate effects4  7#c7 ,!re are      
significant risks pos$ by ! pot5tial    
introduction ( mat]ial into ! /ratosph]e
 f natural ev5ts su* z volcanic         
eruptions1 increas$ air & space traffic1
 & proposals to inject mat]ial to       
tempor>ily r$uce global radiative =c+ ( 
climate t curr5tly are ! subject ( a    
=?com+ report by ! ,national ,academies 
( ,sci5ces4  7#d7 ,to monitor & assess  
^! risks requires significant           

improvem5ts to obs]vations ( !          
abundances & *emi/ry ( ! /ratosph]ic    
gases & p>ticles & ! reflectivity ( !   
/ratosph]e to e/abli% ! basel9e /ate ( !
 /ratosph]e & its tr5d ov] "t & to      
develop enhancem5ts to /ratosph]ic      
models us$ = pr$ict+ climate impacts (  
mat]ial introduc$ into ! /ratosph]e by  
natural or o!r means4  7#e7 ,"u ! ,wea!r
 ,modification ,report+ ,act ( #aigb    
7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #ccj et seq471 ,,noaa is 
responsible = ov]sight ( any activities 
und]tak5 to modify wea!r1 :i* includes  
rese>* or te/+ activities relat$ to     
modify+ ! atmosph]e to affect local1    
regional1 or global climate 7def9$ z    
atmosph]ic climate int]v5tion "u su*    
,act74  7#f7 ,! ,montreal ,protocol1    
f9aliz$ 9 #aihg1 & ratifi$ by ! ,unit$  
,/ates 9 #aihh1 has prov5 to be         
innovative & successful 9 protect+ !    
,e>?'s ozone lay]1 & is ! only          
environm5tal treaty to a*ieve univ]sal  
ratification by all c\ntries 9 ! _w4 ,! 
,unit$ ,/ates has be5 a lead] )9 !      

,protocol ?r\gh\t its exi/5ce4 ,h5ce1 ! 
,protocol %\ld rema9 ! gov]n+ global    
agreem5t to protect ! /ratosph]ic ozone 
lay]4  #c4 ,/ratosph]e & ,climate       
,int]v5tion ,rese>* ,program ,section   
#djja ( ! ,am]ica ,,competes ,act 7#cc  
,u4,s4,c4 #hic7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9       
subsection 7a7--  7,a7 by /rik+         
atmosph]ic rese>* & ins]t+ atmosph]ic & 
climate int]v5tion rese>*2 &  7,b7 by   
ins]t+ & obs]vational1 monitor+1 =eca/+1
 aft] advanc$ te*nologies2 &  7#b7 9    
subsection 7b7-- 7,a7 9 ! head+1 by     
/rik+ & atmosph]ic & ins]t+ 1           
atmosph]ic1 & climate int]v5tion2  7,b7 
9 p>agraph 7#b71 by /rik+ & at ! end2   
7,c7 9 p>agraph 7#c71 by /rik+ ! p]iod  
at ! end & ins]t+ a semicolon2 &  7,d7  
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#d7 to     
improve measurem5t & assessm5t          
capabilities = und]/&+ propos$          
atmosph]ic int]v5tions 9 climate1       
includ+1 z a priority1 ! effects (      
propos$ int]v5tions 9 ! /ratosph]e & 9  
cl\d-a]osol processes2  7#e7 )9 ! ,(fice

 ( ,ocean & ,atmosph]ic ,rese>* ( !     
,national ,oceanic & ,atmosph]ic        
,adm9i/ration1 to und]take rese>*1      
includ+ sci5tific rese>*1 & develop     
increas$ obs]vations1 improv$ models1   
new analyses1 comput+ & relat$          
te*nologies1 & risk assessm5t to improve
 und]/&+ & pr$iction (--  7,a7 ! *emi/ry
 & dynamics ( ! /ratosph]e2  7,b7 ,e>?'s
 radiation budget2 &  7,c7 ! impacts (  
*anges 9 atmosph]ic a]osol =c+ on !     
,e>?'s en]gy balance & climate2  7#f7 to
 exp& ! use ( cl\d comput+1 space-bas$ &
 gr\nd-bas$ remote s5s+ capabilities1 & 
o!r comm]cially available te*nologies to
 accel]ate rese>*2 &  7#g7 )9 ! ,(fice (
 ,oceanic & ,atmosph]ic ,rese>*1 to     
assess & advise ! ,secret>y ) respect to
 reports submitt$ "u ! ,wea!r           
,modification ,report+ ,act ( #aigb 7#ae
 ,u4,s4,c4 #ccj et seq47 relat+ to      
atmosph]ic climate int]v5tion exp]im5ts1
 &1 z det]m9$ appropriate by ! ,(fice1  
make available to ! public f9d+s & data 
relat+ to su* reports4  4