,,ib ,union ,cal5d> ,no4 #efi #aaf? ,,congress #b;d ,session ,h4 ,r4 #eahg ,report ,no4 #aaf-fhf ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,novemb] #bj1 #bjai,ms4 ,wat]s introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,f9ancial ,s]vices ,decemb] #bd1 #bjbj;,additional sponsors3 ,mr4 ,clay1 ,ms4 ,pressley1 ,ms4 ,norton1 ,mr4 ,mc,govern1 ,mr4 ,nadl]1 ,ms4 ,scanlon1 ,ms4 ,tlaib1 ,mr4 ,lyn*1 ,mr4 ,coh51 ,mr4 ,scott ( ,virg9ia1 ,mr4 ,%]man1 ,ms4 ,lee ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,gonzalez ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,engel1 ,mr4 ,panetta1 ,mrs4 ,hayes1 ,mr4 ,grijalva1 ,mr4 ,?ompson ( ,mississippi1 ,mr4 ,de,fazio1 ,ms4 ,cl>ke ( ,new ,york1 ,ms4 ,e%oo1 ,mr4 ,gre5 ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,t$ ,lieu ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,blum5au]1 ,ms4 ,jayapal1 ,mr4 ,case1 ,ms4 ,adams1 ,ms4 ,spei]1 ,mr4 ,pocan1 ,ms4 ,velzquez1 ,mr4 ,cleav]1 ,mr4 ,g>ca ( ,ill9ois1 ,ms4 ,moore1 ,ms4 ,matsui1 ,mr4 ,mc,nerney1 ,ms4 ,l(gr51 ,ms4 ,gabb>d1 ,mr4 ,evans1 ,mr4 ,?ompson ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,de,saulnier1 ,mr4 ,c\rtney1 ,ms4 ,s*ak[sky1 ,ms4 ,kelly ( ,ill9ois1 ,mr4 ,espaillat1 ,mr4 ,vela1 ,mr4 ,s*iff1 ,mr4 ,g>am5di1 ,ms4 ,blunt ,ro*e/]1 ,ms4 ,haal&1 ,mr4 ,c>son ( ,indiana1 ,mr4 ,rask91 ,mr4 ,khanna1 ,ms4 ,om>1 ,ms4 ,wilson ( ,florida1 ,mr4 ,hors=d1 & ,mr4 ,san ,nicolas ,decemb] #bd1 #bjbj,report$ ) an am5dm5t1 committ$ to ! ,committee ( ! ,:ole ,h\se on ! ,/ate ( ! ,union1 & ord]$ to be printed,strike out all aft] ! enact+ clause & ins]t ! "p pr9t$ 9 italic,for text ( introduc$ bill1 see copy ( bill z introduc$ on ,novemb] #bj1 #bjai ,a ,,bill ,to facilitate ! developm5t ( af=dable h\s+1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,h\s+ is ,infra/ructure ,act ( #bjbj4 #b4 ,f9d+s ,! ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,af=dable h\s+ is a critical "p ( ! national infra/ructure ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates b !re is a sev]e %ortage ( af=dable h\s+ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! exi/+ /ock is badly 9 ne$ ( repair4 7#b7 ,accord+ to a #bjaj /udy sponsor$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,h\s+ & ,urban ,developm5t1 !re 0 a #bf billion backlog ( capital ne$s = public h\s+2 t figure is likely high] today1 ) "s gr\ps e/imat+ ! backlog ( capital ne$s = public h\s+ to be z high z #gj billion4 7#c7 ,!re are #ad1jjj units support$ by ,rural ,r5tal ,h\s+ ,loans "u section #eae ( ! ,h\s+ ,act ( #aidi & ,f>m ,labor ,h\s+ ,loans "u section #ead ( ! ,h\s+ ,act ( #aidi4 ,accord+ to ,national ,rural ,h\s+ ,coalition1 x w\ld take an e/imat$ #a billion 9 ! ,multi-,family ,h\s+ ,revitalization ,demon/ration ,program 7,,mpr7 fund+ to fully address ! capital backlog = rural h\s+ prop]ties4 7#d7 ,f$]al inve/m5t 9 h\s+ helps to create jobs & /imulate ! economy4 7#e7 ,:5 ! ,am]ican ,recov]y & ,re9ve/m5t ,act ( #bjji 7,public ,law #aaa-e7 0 enact$1 :i* includ$ fund+ = public h\s+1 rese>*]s f\nd t = ea* #a4jj 9 direct sp5d+ on public h\s+1 !re 0 an additional #b4ab ( indirect & induc$ economic activity nationwide = a total economic impact ( #c4ab = ea* #a4jj 9 direct sp5d+ on public h\s+4 7#f7 ,accord+ to ! ,national ,association ( ,home ,build]s1 build+ #ajj af=dable r5tal homes g5]ates #aa4g million 9 local income1 #b1bjj1jjj 9 taxes & rev5ue = local gov]nm5ts1 & #afa local jobs4 7#g7 ,rese>*]s e/imate t ! gr[? 9 ! gross dome/ic product f #aifd-bjji w\ld h be5 #ac4e p]c5t high] if families _h bett] access to af=dable h\s+1 :i* 9 turn c\ld h l$ to an additional #a4g trillion increase 9 income1 equival5t to #h1gge 9 additional wages = ea* work]4 #c4 ,public ,h\s+ ,capital ,fund 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ = ! ,capital ,fund "u section #i7;d7 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,h\s+ ,act ( #aicg 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #adcg;g7d77 #gj1jjj1jjj1jjj & any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to ?is subsection %all rema9 available until ! expiration ( ! #e-ye> p]iod beg9n+ ^u ! date ( su* appropriation4 7b7 ,requirem5ts ,! ,secret>y ( ,h\s+ & ,urban ,developm5t 79 ?is ,act ref]r$ to z ! ,secret>y7 %all-- 7#a7 di/ribute n less ?an #ce p]c5t & n m ?an #ge p]c5t ( any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to subsection 7a7 "u ! same =mula us$ = am\nts made available = ! ,capital ,fund = fiscal ye> #bjbj2 & 7#b7 make available all rema9+ am\nts by competition = priority inve/m5ts1 includ+ inve/m5ts t address lead haz>ds1 o!r urg5t heal? & safety conc]ns1 & su* o!r priorities z ! ,secret>y may id5tify4 7c7 ,tim+ ,! ,secret>y %all obligate am\nts-- 7#a7 made available "u subsection 7b77#a7 )9 #cj days ( enactm5t ( ! ,act appropriat+ su* funds2 & 7#b7 made available "u subsection 7b77#b7 )9 #ab mon?s ( enactm5t ( ! ,act appropriat+ su* funds4 7d7 ,limitation ,am\nts provid$ pursuant to ?is section may n be us$ = op]at+ co/s or r5tal assi/ance4 7e7 ,use ( funds ,n m ?an #j4e p]c5t ( any am\nt appropriat$ pursuant to ?is section %all be us$ by ! ,secret>y = co/s associat$ ) /aff1 tra9+1 te*nical assi/ance1 te*nology1 monitor+1 travel1 en=cem5t1 rese>*1 & evaluation4 7f7 ,supplem5t n supplant ,! ,secret>y %all ensure t am\nts provid$ pursuant to ?is section %all s]ve to supplem5t & n supplant o!r am\nts g5]at$ by a recipi5t ( su* am\nts or am\nts provid$ by o!r ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local s\rces4 7g7 ,wat] & en]gy effici5cy ,9 di/ribut+ any am\nts pursuant to subsection 7b71 ! ,secret>y %all give priority to public h\s+ ag5cies locat$ 9 ,/ates & localities t h a plan to increase wat] & en]gy effici5cy :5 develop+ or rehabilitat+ public h\s+ us+ any am\nts di/ribut$4 #d4 ,rural ,multifamily ,pres]vation & ,revitalization ,demon/ration ,program 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ = c>ry+ out ! ,multifamily ,pres]vation & ,revitalization ,demon/ration program ( ! ,rural ,h\s+ ,s]vice 7z au?oriz$ "u sections #ead1 #eae1 & #eaf ( ! ,h\s+ ,act ( #aidi 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #adhd2 #adhe2 #adhf77 #a1jjj1jjj1jjj & any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to ?is section %all rema9 available until exp5d$4 7b7 ,wat] & en]gy effici5cy ,n less ?an #aj p]c5t ( all am\nts made available pursuant to ?is section %all be us$ only = activities relat+ to wat] & en]gy effici5cy &1 at ! ,secret>y's discretion1 o!r /rategies to enhance ! environm5tal su/a9ability ( h\s+ production & design4 #e4 ,flood ,mitigation ,assi/ance ,grant ,program 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ = c>ry+ out ! ,flood ,mitigation ,assi/ance ,grant ,program "u section #acff ( ! ,national ,flood ,insurance ,act ( #aifh 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #dajd;c7 #a1jjj1jjj1jjj & any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to ?is section %all rema9 available until exp5d$4 7b7 ,multifamily resid5ces & atta*$ & semi-,atta*$ homes ,) reg>d to any /ructure t is a multifamily resid5ce or an atta*$ or semi-atta*$ resid5ce1 ! ,adm9i/rator %all consult ) ! ,secret>y ( ,h\s+ & ,urban ,developm5t & e/abli% alt]native =ms ( mitigation4 7c7 ,def9itions ,= ! purposes ( ?is section1 ! t]m multifamily resid5ce has ! same mean+ z 9 ! ,flood ,disa/] ,protection ,act ( #aigc & ! ,national ,flood ,insurance ,act ( #aifh4 #f4 ,h\s+ ,tru/ ,fund 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ = ! ,h\s+ ,tru/ ,fund "u section #acch ( ! ,h\s+ & ,urban ,developm5t ,act ( #aiib 7#ab ,u4,s4,c4 #defh7 #e1jjj1jjj1jjj & any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to ?is subsection %all rema9 available until exp5d$4 ,! ,secret>y %all ensure t priority = occupancy 9 dwell+ units assi/$ ) am\nts made available pursuant to ?is section t become available = occupancy %all be giv5 to p]sons & h\seholds :o are homeless 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #ajc ( ! ,mc,kinney-,v5to ,homeless ,assi/ance ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aacjb77 or at risk ( homelessness 7z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #dja ( su* ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aacfj774 7b7 ,wat] & en]gy effici5cy ,n less ?an #aj p]c5t ( all am\nts made available pursuant to ?is section %all be us$ only = activities relat+ to wat] & en]gy effici5cy &1 at ! ,secret>y's discretion1 o!r /rategies to enhance ! environm5tal su/a9ability ( h\s+ production & design4 #g4 ,s+le-,family ,h\s+ ,repair ,loans & ,grants 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ = c>ry+ out s+le family h\s+ repair loans & grants "u section #ejd ( ! ,h\s+ ,act ( #aidi 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #adgd7 #ajj1jjj1jjj & any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to ?is section %all rema9 available until exp5d$4 7b7 ,wat] & en]gy effici5cy ,n less ?an #aj p]c5t ( all am\nts made available pursuant to ?is section %all be us$ only = activities relat+ to wat] & en]gy effici5cy &1 at ! ,secret>y's discretion1 o!r /rategies to enhance ! environm5tal su/a9ability ( h\s+ production & design4 #h4 ,native ,am]ican ,h\s+ ,block ,grant ,program 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ = c>ry+ out ! ,native ,am]ican h\s+ block grant program "u title ,i ( ! ,native ,am]ican ,h\s+ ,assi/ance & ,self-,det]m9ation ,act ( #aiif 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #daaa et seq47 #a1jjj1jjj1jjj & any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to ?is section %all rema9 available until exp5d$4 7b7 ,wat] & en]gy effici5cy ,n less ?an #aj p]c5t ( all am\nts made available pursuant to ?is section %all be us$ only = activities relat+ to wat] & en]gy effici5cy &1 at ! ,secret>y's discretion1 o!r /rategies to enhance ! environm5tal su/a9ability ( h\s+ production & design4 #i4 ,,home ,inve/m5t ,p>tn]%ips ,program 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ = c>ry+ out ! ,,home ,inve/m5t ,p>tn]%ip ,program "u title ,,ii ( ! ,cran/on-,gonzalez ,national ,af=dable ,h\s+ ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #abgba et seq47 #e1jjj1jjj1jjj & any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to ?is section %all rema9 available until exp5d$4 7b7 ,wat] & en]gy effici5cy ,n less ?an #aj p]c5t ( all am\nts made available pursuant to ?is section %all be us$ only = activities relat+ to wat] & en]gy effici5cy &1 at ! ,secret>y's discretion1 o!r /rategies to enhance ! environm5tal su/a9ability ( h\s+ production & design4 #aj4 ,program = supportive h\s+ = p]sons ) disabilities 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ #b1ejj1jjj1jjj = project r5tal assi/ance "u ! program = supportive h\s+ = p]sons ) disabilities "u section #haa7;b77#c7 ( ! ,cran/on-,gonzalez ,national ,af=dable ,h\s+ ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #hjac7;b77#c77 = ,/ate h\s+ f9ance ag5cies & any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to ?is section %all rema9 available until exp5d$4 7b7 ,wat] & en]gy effici5cy ,n less ?an #aj p]c5t ( all am\nts made available pursuant to ?is section %all be us$ only = activities relat+ to wat] & en]gy effici5cy &1 at ! ,secret>y's discretion1 o!r /rategies to enhance ! environm5tal su/a9ability ( h\s+ production & design4 #aa4 ,program = supportive h\s+ = ! eld]ly 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ #b1ejj1jjj1jjj =-- 7#a7 capital advances pursuant to section #bjb7;c77#a7 ( ! ,h\s+ ,act ( #aiei 7#ab ,u4,s4,c4 #agjaq7c77#a771 includ+ am5dm5ts to capital advance contracts = h\s+ = ! eld]ly z au?oriz$ by section #bjb ( su* ,act2 7#b7 project r5tal assi/ance = ! eld]ly "u section #bjb7;c77#b7 ( su* ,act1 includ+ am5dm5ts to contracts = su* assi/ance & r5ewal ( expir+ contracts = su* assi/ance = up to a #a-ye> t]m2 7#c7 s5ior pres]vation r5tal assi/ance contracts1 includ+ r5ewals1 z au?oriz$ by section #haa7;e7 ( ! ,am]ican ,h\s+ & ,economic ,opportunity ,act ( #bjjj 7#ab ,u4,s4,c4 #agja;g note72 & 7#d7 supportive s]vices associat$ ) h\s+ assi/$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 7#b71 or 7#c74 7b7 ,availability ( am\nts ,any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to ?is section %all rema9 available until ,septemb] #cj1 #bjbc4 7c7 ,wat] & en]gy effici5cy ,n less ?an #aj p]c5t ( all am\nts made available pursuant to ?is section %all be us$ only = activities relat+ to wat] & en]gy effici5cy &1 at ! ,secret>y's discretion1 o!r /rategies to enhance ! environm5tal su/a9ability ( h\s+ production & design4 #ab4 ,capital ,magnet ,fund 7a7 ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ = ! ,capital ,magnet ,fund "u section #acci ( ! ,f$]al ,h\s+ ,ent]prises ,f9ancial ,safety & ,s\ndness ,act ( #aiib 7#ab ,u4,s4,c4 #defi7 #b1ejj1jjj1jjj & any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to ?is subsection %all rema9 available until exp5d$4 7b7 ,wat] & en]gy effici5cy ,n less ?an #aj p]c5t ( all am\nts made available pursuant to ?is section %all be us$ only = activities relat+ to wat] & en]gy effici5cy &1 at ! ,secret>y's discretion1 o!r /rategies to enhance ! environm5tal su/a9ability ( h\s+ production & design4 #ac4 ,community developm5t block grant fund+ = af=dable h\s+ & infra/ructure 7a7 ,au?orization ( appropriations 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to ! provisions ( ?is section1 !re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ = assi/ance "u ! community developm5t block grant program "u title ,i ( ! ,h\s+ & ,community ,developm5t ,act ( #aigd 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ecja et seq47 #aj1jjj1jjj1jjj & any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to ?is section %all rema9 available until exp5d$4 7#b7 ,adm9i/rative & plann+ co/s ,n m ?an #ae p]c5t ( any am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to p>agraph 7#a7 may be us$ = adm9i/rative & plann+ co/s4 7b7 ,eligible activities ,am\nts made available = assi/ance "u ?is section may be us$ only =-- 7#a7 ! developm5t & pres]vation ( qualifi$ af=dable h\s+1 includ+ ! con/ruction ( su* h\s+2 7#b7 ! responsible elim9ation or waiv+ ( zon+ requirem5ts & o!r requirem5ts t limit af=dable h\s+ developm5t1 includ+ high d5sity & multifamily developm5t re/rictions1 (f-/reet p>k+ requirem5ts1 & height limitations2 or 7#c7 any project or entity eligible = a discretion>y grant provid$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,transportation4 7c7 ,limitation ,) respect to am\nts us$ pursuant to subsection 7b77#b71 ! ,secret>y %all ensure t recipi5ts ( am\nts provid$ pursuant to ?is section are n inc5tiviz$ or o!rwise rew>d$ = elim9at+ or und]m9+ ! int5t ( ! zon+ regulations or o!r regulations or policies t-- 7#a7 e/abli% fair wages = labors2 7#b7 ensure ! heal? & safety ( build+s = resid5ts & ! g5]al public2 7#c7 protect fair h\s+2 7#d7 provide environm5tal protections2 7#e7 prev5t t5ant displacem5t2 or 7#f7 protect any o!r int]e/ t ! ,secret>y det]m9es is 9 ! public int]e/ to pres]ve4 7d7 ,competition ,am\nts made available = assi/ance "u ?is section %all be aw>d$ to ,/ates1 units ( g5]al local gov]nm5t1 & ,indian tribes on a competitive basis1 bas$ on ! ext5t to :i* ! applicant-- 7#a7 demon/rates t ! applicant is responsibly /reaml9+ ! process = developm5t ( qualifi$ af=dable h\s+2 7#b7 is elim9at+ or r$uc+ impact fees = h\s+ )9 b\nd>ies ( ! ,/ate1 unit ( local gov]nm5t1 or ,indian tribe1 z applicable1 & o!r assessm5ts by ,/ate or local gov]nm5ts ^u ! own]s ( new h\s+ developm5t projects t (fset gov]nm5tal capital exp5ditures = infra/ructure requir$ to s]ve or made necess>y by ! new h\s+ developm5ts1 except = fees t are inve/$ exclusively = h\s+2 & 7#c7 provides assurances t ! applicant w supplem5t assi/ance provid$ "u ?is section ) am\nts f non-,f$]al s\rces = co/s ( ! qualifi$ af=dable h\s+ or infra/ructure eligible "u subsection 7b7 to be fund$ ) assi/ance "u ?is section1 & ! ext5t ( su* supplem5tal assi/ance to be provid$4 7e7 ,wat] & en]gy effici5cy ,n less ?an #aj p]c5t ( all am\nts made available = assi/ance pursuant to ?is section %all be us$ only = eligible activities relat+ to wat] & en]gy effici5cy &1 at ! ,secret>y's discretion1 o!r /rategies to enhance ! environm5tal su/a9ability ( h\s+ production & design4 7f7 ,qualifi$ af=dable h\s+ ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! t]m qualifi$ af=dable h\s+ means a h\s+ developm5t t-- 7#a7 is ei!r-- 7,a7 fund$ 9 any "p by assi/ance provid$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,h\s+ & ,urban ,developm5t or ! ,rural ,h\s+ ,s]vice ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture2 or 7,b7 includes a qualifi$ l[ income build+ z su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #db ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf2 or 7#b7 consi/s ( #e or m dwell+ units ( :i* #bj p]c5t or m are made available-- 7,a7 = r5tal only by a l[-income family 7z def9$ 9 section #c7;b7 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,h\s+ ,act ( #aicg 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #adcg;a7b7772 7,b7 at a mon?ly r5t am\nt t does n exce$ #cj p]c5t ( ! mon?ly adju/$ income 7z def9$ 9 su* section #c7;b77 ( ! t5ant l[-income family2 & 7,c7 ma9ta9s af=dability = resid5ts :o are l[-income families = a p]iod ( n less ?an #cj ye>s4 #ad4 ,inclusion ( m9ority & wom5's bus9ess ent]prises 7a7 ,duty ,x %all be ! duty ( ea* relevant ag5cy head-- 7#a7 to consult & coop]ate ) grantees & recipi5ts1 :5 utiliz+ funds made available pursuant to ?is ,act1 to promote ! inclusion ( m9ority & wom5's bus9ess ent]prises1 z def9$ 9 subsection 7b7 includ+ to e/abli%-- 7,a7 special consid]ation to increas+ grantee & recipi5t outrea* to m9ority & wom5's bus9ess ent]prises to in=m su* bus9esses ( hir+ opportunities creat$ ?r\gh su* funds2 & 7,b7 procurem5t goals = ! utilization ( m9ority & wom5's bus9ess ent]prises2 & 7#b7 to conv5e meet+s ) lead]s & (ficials ( ,/ate & local gov]nm5ts1 tribal entities1 & public h\s+ au?orities = ! purpose ( recomm5d+ & promot+ fund+ opportunities & initiatives ne$$ to advance ! position ( m9ority & wom5's bus9ess ent]prises :5 compet+ = funds provid$ 9 ?is ,act4 7b7 ,def9itions ,= ! purposes ( ?is section1 ! foll[+ def9itions %all apply3 7#a7 ,m9ority ,! t]m m9ority has ! mean+ giv5 su* t]m 9 section #cjh7;b7 ( ! ,f9ancial ,in/itutions ,re=m1 ,recov]y1 & ,en=cem5t ,act ( #aihi 7#ab ,u4,s4,c4 #adfc note7 & also includes any indig5\s p]son 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates or its t]ritories4 7#b7 ,m9ority & wom5's bus9ess ent]prise ,! t]m m9ority & wom5's bus9ess ent]prise means a bus9ess at lea/ #ea p]c5t own$ & controll$ by m9ority gr\p memb]s or wom54 7#c7 ,relevant ag5cy head ,! t]m relevant ag5cy head means1 ) respect to funds made available pursuant to any section ( ?is ,act1 ! head ( ! ,f$]al ag5cy responsible = adm9i/]+ ! program "u :i* su* funds are to be exp5d$4 ,decemb] #bd1 #bjbj,report$ ) an am5dm5t1 committ$ to ! ,committee ( ! ,:ole ,h\se on ! ,/ate ( ! ,union1 & ord]$ to be pr9t$