,i  #aaf? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #dhfd  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,octob] #bh1 #bjai,mr4
 ,ca/ro ( ,texas 7= himself1 ,mr4       
,fitzpatrick1 ,mrs4 ,watson ,coleman1   
,mr4 ,cisn]os1 & ,ms4 ,moore7 introduc$ 
! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to !        
,committee on ,=eign ,affairs  ,a ,,bill
  ,to develop & implem5t policies to    
advance e>ly *ildhood developm5t1 to    
provide assi/ance = orphans & o!r       
vuln]able *ildr5 9 develop+ c\ntries1 & 
= o!r purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is   
,act may be cit$ z ! ,global ,*ild      
,?rive ,act ( #bjai4  #b4 ,f9d+s        
,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,accord+ 
to a #bjai report f ! ,unit$ ,nations   
,int]-,ag5cy ,gr\p = ,*ild ,mortality   
,e/imation entitl$ ,levels  ,tr5ds 9    
,*ild ,mortality1 ! total numb] ( dea?s 
among *ildr5 y\ng] ?an #ae ye>s ( age   
dropp$ by #ef p]c5t betwe5 #aiij &      
#bjah1 f approximately #ad1bjj1jjj to   
approximately #f1bjj1jjj4  7#b7 ,accord+
 to a #bjaf article publi%$ 9 ,! ,lancet

 entitl$ ,e>ly *ildhood developm5t3 !   
f\ndation ( su/a9able developm5t-- 7,a7 
an e/imat$ #bej1jjj1jjj *ildr5 9        
l[-income & middle-income c\ntries suff]
 suboptimal developm5t due to pov]ty &  
/unt+ alone2 &  7,b7 *ildr5 :o d n meet 
developm5tal mile/ones are expect$ to   
lose ab\t #be p]c5t ( _! av]age ye>ly   
income once !y become adults4  7#c7     
,accord+ to a report f ! ,unit$ ,nations
 ,*ildr5's ,fund 7,,unicef71 entitl$ ,! 
,/ate ( ! ,_w's ,*ildr5 #bjaf3 ,a fair  
*ance = e *ild1 ne>ly #bej1jjj1jjj ( !  
_w's #fej1jjj1jjj prim>y s*ool age      
*ildr5 d n ma/] basic lit]acy & num]acy4
  7#d7 ,accord+ to a #bjah report f !   
,_w ,heal? ,organization entitl$        
,nurtur+ ,c>e = e>ly *ildhood           
developm5t-- 7,a7 ! environm5t 9 :i* a  
*ild gr[s has a pr(\nd impact on future 
le>n+1 behavior1 & heal?2 &  7,b7 a     
c\ntry's economic div]sity & gr[? c\ld  
be improv$ by inve/m5t 9 e>ly *ildhood  
developm5t4  7#e7 ,accord+ to a #bjag   
,,unicef report entitl$ ,,unicef's      

,programme ,guidance = ,e>ly ,*ildhood  
,developm5t1 nurtur+ c>e1 :i* is key to 
e>ly *ildhood developm5t1 consi/s ( a   
core set ( int]relat$ compon5ts1        
includ+--  7,a7 behaviors1 attitudes1 & 
k ab\t c>egiv+1 includ+ heal?1 hygi5e   
c>e1 & fe$+2  7,b7 /imulation1 su* z    
talk+1 s++1 & play+2  7,c7              
responsiv5ess1 su* z e>ly bond+1 secure 
atta*m5t1 tru/1 & s5sitive              
communication2 &  7,d7 safety1 includ+  
r\t9es1 protection f viol5ce1 abuse1    
neglect1 h>m1 & environm5tal pollution4 
7#f7 ,accord+ to a #bjaf report publi%$ 
9 ,! ,lancet entitl$ ,advanc+ ,e>ly     
,*ildhood ,developm5t3 ,f ,sci5ce to    
,scale-- 7,a7 nurtur+ c>e f p>5ts1      
relatives1 & o!r c>egiv]s & s]vices are 
=mative exp]i5ces = "y *ildr52  7,b7    
programs promot+ nurtur+ c>e c improve  
e>ly *ildhood developm5t outcomes2 &    
7,c7 *ildr5 :o d n receive nurtur+ c>e  
display negative developm5t outcomes1   
su* z great] s5sitivity to ! effects (  
/ress or behavioral problems1 especially

 *ildr5 :o d n receive nurtur+ c>e be=e 
_! second bir?day4  7#g7 ,accord+ to !  
,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t ,action ,plan on
 ,*ildr5 9 ,adv]sity1 ,a ,framework =   
,int]national ,assi/ance3 #bjab-bjag1   
*ildr5 :o live )\t protective family    
c>e1 9 abusive h\seholds1 on ! /reets1  
or 9 in/itutions1 or :o are traffick$1  
are p>ticipat+ 9 arm$ gr\ps1 or are be+ 
exploit$ = _! labor are m likely to be  
expos$ to viol5ce1 exploitation1 abuse1 
& neglect4  7#h7 ,accord+ to a #bjag    
,,unicef report entitl$ ,e>ly ,mom5ts   
,matt] = e *ild1 viol5ce1 abuse1        
neglect1 & traumatic exp]i5ces produce  
toxic /ress t limits neural connectivity
 9 develop+ bra9s4  7#i7 ,accord+ to a  
#bjad work+ pap] f ! ,national          
,sci5tific ,c\ncil on ! ,develop+ ,*ild 
at ,h>v>d ,univ]sity entitl$ ,excessive 
,/ress ,disrupts ! ,ar*itecture ( !     
,develop+ ,bra9--  7,a7 situations t    
produce toxic /ress increase !          
production ( cortisol 9 a *ild's bra91  
:i* disrupts its heal?y developm5t2 &   

7,b7 *ronic /ress c pot5tially affect ! 
expression ( g5es t regulate ! /ress    
response across ! life c\rse4  7#aj7    
,accord+ to a #bjah article 9 ! ,nor?   
,c>ol9a ,m$ical ,j\rnal entitl$ ,adv]se 
,*ildhood ,exp]i5ces 7,a,c,es73 ,an     
,important ,elem5t ( a ,compreh5sive    
,approa* to ! ,opioid ,crisis1 adv]se   
*ildhood exp]i5ces 7,a,c,es7 are        
traumatic or /ressful exp]i5ces1 includ+
 emotional1 physical1 or sexual abuse1  
dome/ic viol5ce1 h\sehold sub/ance      
abuse1 h\sehold m5tal illness1 p>5tal   
sep>ation or divorce1 & ! inc>c]ation ( 
a h\sehold family memb]4  7#aa7 ,accord+
 to a #bjaf report 9 ,developm5t &      
,psy*opa?ology entitl$ ,*ildhood        
,adv]sity & ,epig5etic ,regulation (    
,glucocorticoid ,signal+ ,g5es3         
,associations 9 ,*ildr5 & ,adults--     
7,a7 *ildr5 & adults are at risk (      
develop+ psy*iatric disord]s & o!r      
m$ical conditions if !y h _h an adv]se  
*ildhood exp]i5ce 7,,ace72 &  7,b7      
adults :o h _h num]\s ,a,c,es die ne>ly 

#bj ye>s e>li]1 on av]age1 ?an adults :o
 h n _h num]\s ,a,c,es4  #c4 ,s5se (    
,congress ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t--  
7#a7 x is "t to build on ! r$uction 9   
prev5table *ild dea?s worldwide a*iev$  
by focus+ new ef=ts & att5tion on--     
7,a7 sav+ *ildr5's lives2 &  7,b7       
support+ ! heal?y developm5t ( *ildr5's 
bra9s2  7#b7 me?ods ( deliv]+ p>5t tra9+
 & education on nurtur+ c>e1 su* z !    
,c5t] = ,disease ,control & ,prev5tion's
 ,mat]nal1 ,infant1 & ,e>ly ,*ildhood   
,home ,visit+ programs1 c\ld help o!r   
c\ntries realize great] ga9s 9 e>ly     
*ildhood developm5t2  7#c7 negative e>ly
 *ildhood exp]i5ces c ob/ruct lifelong  
heal? & opportunity2  7#d7 well-develop$
 & inquisitive *ildr5 are ! global      
lead]s ( tomorr[2  7#e7 c\ntries w only 
be able to rea* & exce$ _! developm5t   
goals if _! y\nge/ *ildr5 get a /rong   
/>t2 &  7#f7 focus$ cross-sectoral      
coord9ation = promot+ e>ly *ildhood     
developm5t is ess5tial = ! effici5cy1   
effectiv5ess1 & su/a9ability ( all e>ly 

*ildhood developm5t initiatives4  #d4   
,assi/ance to improve e>ly *ildhood     
outcomes globally ,*apt] #a ( "p ,i ( ! 
,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb     
,u4,s4,c4 #baea et seq47 is am5d$-- 7#a7
 9 section #ace7;f77#a7 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4  
#baeb;f7f77#a771 by /rik+ #bjjf & #bjjg 
& ins]t+ #bjbj ?r\gh #bjbe2 &  7#b7 by  
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  #acg4          
,assi/ance to improve e>ly *ildhood     
outcomes globally  7a7 ,def9itions ,9   
?is section3  7#a7 ,appropriate         
congressional committees ,! t]m         
appropriate congressional committees    
means-- 7,a7 ! ,committee on            
,appropriations ( ! ,s5ate2  7,b7 !     
,committee on ,=eign ,relations ( !     
,s5ate2  7,c7 ! ,committee on           
,appropriations ( ! ,h\se (             
,repres5tatives2 &  7,d7 ! ,committee on
 ,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se (            
,repres5tatives4  7#b7 ,*ildr5 ,! t]m   
*ildr5 means p]sons :o are y\ng] ?an #ah
 ye>s ( age4  7#c7 ,de9/itutionalization
 ,! t]m de9/itutionalization means !    

process ( transition+ f a *ild c>e      
protection sy/em t relies on resid5tial 
c>e to a sy/em t prim>ily supports      
family-bas$ c>e4  7#d7 ,e>ly *ildhood   
developm5t ,! t]m e>ly *ildhood         
developm5t means ! developm5t & le>n+ ( 
a *ild y\ng] ?an #h ye>s ( age1 includ+ 
physical1 cognitive1 social1 & emotional
 developm5t & approa*es to le>n+ t all[ 
a *ild to rea* 8 or h] full developm5tal
 pot5tial4  7#e7 ,e>ly *ildhood         
developm5t program ,! t]m e>ly *ildhood 
developm5t program means a program t    
ensures t e *ild has ! conditions =     
heal?y gr[?1 nurtur+ family-bas$ c>e1   
developm5t & le>n+1 & protection f      
viol5ce1 exploitation1 abuse1 & neglect1
 includ+--  7,a7 a heal?1 clean wat]1   
sanitation1 & hygi5e program t s]ves    
pregnant wom51 *ildr5 y\ng] ?an #e ye>s 
( age1 & ! p>5ts ( su* *ildr52  7,b7 a  
nutrition program1 comb9$ ) /imulat+    
*ild developm5t activity2  7,c7 age     
appropriate cognitive /imulation1       
especially = newborns1 infants1 &       

toddl]s1 includ+ an e>ly *ildhood       
int]v5tion program = *ildr5 exp]i5c+    
at-risk situations1 developm5tal delays1
 disabilities1 & behavioral & m5tal     
heal? conditions2  7,d7 an e>ly le>n+   
7#cf mon?s & y\ng]71 pres*ool1 & basic  
education program = *ildr5 until !y rea*
 #h ye>s ( age or complete prim>y s*ool2
 &  7,e7 a *ild protection program1 ) an
 emphasis on ! promotion ( p]man5t1     
safe1 & nurtur+ families1 r ?an placem5t
 9 resid5tial c>e or in/itutions1       
includ+ = *ildr5 ) disabilities4  7#f7  
,inclusive e>ly *ildhood developm5t ,!  
t]m inclusive e>ly *ildhood developm5t  
means ! full & effective p>ticipation1  
accessibility1 att5dance1 & a*ievem5t ( 
all *ildr51 especially *ildr5 :o are    
exclud$ or at risk ( be+ m>g9aliz$1 su* 
z *ildr5 ) disabilities4  7#g7 ,relevant
 executive bran* ag5cies & (ficials ,!  
t]m relevant ,executive bran* ag5cies & 
(ficials means-- 7,a7 ! ,dep>tm5t (     
,/ate2  7,b7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ag5cy =   
,int]national ,developm5t2  7,c7 !      

,dep>tm5t ( ! ,treasury2  7,d7 !        
,dep>tm5t ( ,labor2  7,e7 ! ,dep>tm5t ( 
,education2  7,f7 ! ,dep>tm5t (         
,agriculture2  7,g7 ! ,dep>tm5t (       
,def5se2  7,h7 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,heal? &   
,human ,s]vices1 includ+-- 7i7 ! ,c5t]s 
= ,disease ,control & ,prev5tion2 &     
7ii7 ! ,national ,in/itutes ( ,heal?2   
7,i7 ! ,(fice ( ! ,global ,,aids        
,coord9ator2  7,j7 ! ,*ief ,executive   
,(fic] ( ! ,mill5nium ,*all5ge          
,corporation2  7,k7 ! ,national         
,security ,advisor2 &  7,l7 ! ,director 
( ! ,peace ,corps4  7#h7 ,resid5tial c>e
 ,! t]m resid5tial c>e means c>e provid$
 9 any nonfamily-bas$ gr\p sett+1       
includ+ orphanages1 transit or int]im   
c>e c5t]s1 *ildr5's homes1 *ildr5's     
villages or cottage complexes1 gr\p     
homes1 & bo>d+ s*ools us$ prim>ily = c>e
 purposes z an alt]native to a *ildr5's 
home4  7b7 ,/atem5t ( policy ,x is !    
policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates-- 7#a7 to      
support e>ly *ildhood developm5t 9 all  
*ild-focus$ int]national assi/ance      

programs1 9 p>tn]%ip ) affect$ c\ntries1
 o!r donor c\ntry gov]nm5ts1            
int]national f9ancial in/itutions1      
nongov]nm5tal organizations1 fai?-bas$  
organizations1 int]national             
organizations1 multilat]al              
organizations1 & ! private sector2 &    
7#b7 to enc\rage p>tn] c\ntries to lead 
e>ly *ildhood developm5t initiatives t  
include inc5tives = build+ local        
capacity = su/a9able implem5tation by-- 
7,a7 scal+ up ! mo/ effective1          
evid5ce-bas$1 national int]v5tions1     
includ+ = ! mo/ vuln]able populations & 
*ildr5 ) disabilities & developm5tal    
delays1 ) a focus on adaptation to      
c\ntry res\rces1 cultures1 & languages2 
7,b7 design+1 implem5t+1 monitor+1 &    
evaluat+ programs 9 a way t enhances _! 
quality1 transp>5cy1 equity1 &          
acc\ntability1 increases su/a9ability1 &
 improves *ild & family outcomes 9 p>tn]
 c\ntries2 &  7,c7 utiliz+ & exp&+      
innovative public-private f9anc+        
me*anisms4  7c7 ,implem5tation  7#a7 ,9 

g5]al ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( !
 enactm5t ( ! ,global ,*ild ,?rive ,act 
( #bjai1 ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,unit$      
,/ates ,ag5cy = ,int]national           
,developm5t1 on behalf ( ! ,presid5t1   
%all direct relevant ,executive bran*   
ag5cies & (ficials support+ "y *ildr5-- 
7,a7 to incorporate e>ly *ildhood       
developm5t into curr5t programm+ to be  
c>ri$ out dur+ ! foll[+ #e fiscal ye>s2 
&  7,b7 to promote inclusive e>ly       
*ildhood developm5t 9 p>tn] c\ntries4   
7#b7 ,elem5ts ,9 c>ry+ out p>agraph     
7#a71 ! ,adm9i/rator & relevant         
,executive bran* ag5cies & (ficials     
%all--  7,a7 build on ! evid5ce &       
priorities outl9$ 9 ,advanc+ ,protection
 & ,c>e = ,*ildr5 9 ,adv]sity3 ,a ,u4,s4
 ,gov]nm5t ,/rategy = ,int]national     
,assi/ance #bjai-bjbc1 publi%$ 9 ,june  
#bjai 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is section z        
,,apcca72  7,b7 to ! ext5t practicable1 
id5tify evid5ce-bas$ /rategic           
priorities1 indicators1 outcomes1 &     
t>gets1 p>ticul>ly emphasiz+ ! mo/      

vuln]able populations & *ildr5 )        
disabilities & developm5tal delays1 to  
support inclusive e>ly *ildhood         
developm5t2  7,c7 support ! design1     
implem5tation1 & evaluation ( pilot     
projects 9 p>tn] c\ntries1 ) ! goal (   
tak+ su* projects to scale2  7,d7       
support inclusive e>ly *ildhood         
developm5t by support+ bureaus1 work+   
gr\ps1 & task =ces implem5t+ relevant   
sector /rategies & public laws1         
includ+--  7i7 ! ,global ,wat] ,/rategy 
requir$ "u section #acf7;j7 ( ! ,=eign  
,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4  
#baeb;h7j772  7ii7 ! :ole-(-gov]nm5t    
/rategy requir$ "u section #e ( !       
,global ,food ,security ,act ( #bjaf    
7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #icjd note72  7iii7 !    
,basic ,education ,/rategy set =? 9     
section #aje7;c7 ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance  
,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baea;c7c772
  7iv7 ! ,u4,s4 ,gov]nm5t ,global       
,nutrition ,coord9ation ,plan1          
#bjaf-bjba2 &  7v7 ,,apcca2  7,e7 focus 
on improv+ coord9ation ) =eign gov]nm5ts

 & int]national & regional organizations
 ) respect to (ficial c\ntry policies & 
plans = e>ly *ildhood developm5t1       
mat]nal1 newborn1 & *ild heal? &        
nutrition c>e1 basic education plans1   
wat]1 sanitation & hygi5e1 & *ild       
protection plans2  7,f7 support         
/rategies t-- 7i7 enable p>5ts to c>e = 
_! *ildr52  7ii7 prev5t unnecess>y      
family-*ild sep>ation2  7iii7 assi/     
families ) *ildr5 ) disabilities2  7iv7 
assi/ c\ntries 9 plann+ & implem5t+     
de9/itutionalization programs2 &  7v7   
promote nurtur+1 appropriate1           
protective1 & p]man5t family c>e1 :ile  
r$uc+ ! p]c5tage ( *ildr5 liv+ 9        
resid5tial c>e or on ! /reet2 &  7,g7   
consult ) gov]nm5ts1 int]national       
f9ancial in/itutions1 nongov]nm5tal     
organizations1 local & int]national     
civil society gr\ps1 multilat]al        
organizations1 ! private sector1        
fai?-bas$ organizations1 community-bas$ 
organizations1 organizations run by p ) 
disabilities1 & e>ly *ildhood networks  

academic & pr(essional associations1 &  
local field work]s1 z appropriate4  7d7 
,annual report on ! implem5tation ( !   
/rategy ,! ,special ,advis] = ,*ildr5 9 
,adv]sity %all include1 9 ! annual      
report requir$ "u section #e ( !        
,assi/ance = ,orphans & ,o!r ,vuln]able 
,*ildr5 9 ,develop+ ,c\ntries ,act (    
#bjje 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baeb;g71 :i* %all 
be submitt$ to ! appropriate            
congressional committees & made         
available to ! public1 a description (--
  7#a7 ! progress made t[>d integrat+   
e>ly *ildhood developm5t int]v5tions    
into curr5t programm+2  7#b7 ! ef=ts    
made by relevant ,executive bran*       
ag5cies & (ficials to implem5t          
subsection 7c71 ) a p>ticul> focus on ! 
activities describ$ 9 su* subsection2   
7#c7 ! progress a*iev$ dur+ ! report+   
p]iod t[>d meet+ ! goals1 objectives1   
b5*m>ks1 & timeframes describ$ 9        
subsection 7c72 &  7#d7 ! progress      
a*iev$ dur+ ! report+ p]iod t[>d meet+ !
 goals1 objectives1 b5*m>ks1 &          

timeframes describ$ 9 subsection 7c7 at 
! program level1 along ) specific       
*all5ges or gaps t may require %ifts 9  
t>get+1 f9anc+1 or timeframes 9 ! foll[+
 fiscal ye>4  7e7 ,int]ag5cy task =ce ,!
 ,special ,advisor = ,*ildr5 9 ,adv]sity
 %all regul>ly conv5e an int]ag5cy task 
=ce1 :i* %\ld--  7#a7 provide           
int]gov]nm5tal & int]ag5cy coord9ation1 
monitor+1 evaluation1 & report+ ( !     
activities c>ri$ out pursuant to ?is    
,act2  7#b7 promote coord9ation on e>ly 
*ildhood developm5t initiatives t       
include *ildr5 ) a v>iety ( ne$s &      
circum/ances2 &  7#c7 e/abli% a         
coord9ation me*anism )9 ,unit$ ,/ates   
,ag5cy = ,int]national ,developm5t to   
ov]see & coord9ate ,unit$ ,/ates        
,gov]nm5t ,e>ly ,*ildhood ,developm5t   
programs1 /rategies1 & p>tn]%ips across 
,f$]al dep>tm5ts & ag5cies4  4  #e4     
,special advisor = assi/ance to orphans 
& vuln]able *ildr5 ,section #ace7;e77#b7
 ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb
 ,u4,s4,c4 #baeb;f7e77#b77 is am5d$--   

7#a7 by am5d+ subp>agraph 7,a7 to read z
 foll[s3  7,a7 ,coord9ate assi/ance to  
orphans & o!r vuln]able *ildr5 among !  
relevant ,executive bran* ag5cies &     
(ficials4  2 &  7#b7 9 subp>agraph 7,b71
 by /rik+ ! v>i\s (fices1 bureaus1 &    
field missions )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ag5cy
 = ,int]national ,developm5t & ins]t+ ! 
relevant ,executive bran* ag5cies &     
(ficials1 p>tn] gov]nm5ts1 multilat]al  
in/itutions1 ! private sector1 &        
nongov]nm5tal & civil society           
organizations4  #f4 ,rule ( con/ruction 
,no?+ 9 ! am5dm5ts made by sections #d &
 #e ( ?is ,act may be con/ru$ to re/rict
 or abrogate any o!r au?orization =     
,unit$ ,/ates ,ag5cy = ,int]national    
,developm5t activities or programs4