,i  #aaf? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #ddfd  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #bd1        
#bjai,mr4 ,rask9 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,bey]1
 ,mr4 ,coh51 ,mr4 ,coop]1 ,mr4 ,k5n$y1  
,mr4 ,khanna1 ,mr4 ,mc,govern1 ,mr4     
,m\lton1 ,mr4 ,pet]s1 ,ms4 ,p+ree1 ,miss
 ,rice ( ,new ,york1 & ,ms4 ,pressley7  
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to
 ! ,committee on ,h\se ,adm9i/ration  ,a
 ,,bill  ,to e/abli% ! use ( rank$ *oice
 vot+ 9 elections = ! (fices ( ,s5ator &
 ,repres5tative 9 ,congress1 & = o!r    
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title2 f9d+ (      
con/itutional au?ority  7a7 ,%ort ,title
 ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,rank$ ,*oice
 ,vot+ ,act4  7b7 ,f9d+ ( ,con/itutional
 au?ority ,congress f9ds t x has !      
au?ority to e/abli% ! t]ms & conditions 
,/ates mu/ foll[ 9 adm9i/]+ elections = 
! (fices ( ,s5ator & ,repres5tative 9   
,congress because ! au?ority grant$ to  
,congress "u article ,i1 section #d ( ! 
,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates gives    
,congress ! p[] to enact laws gov]n+ !  

"t1 place1 & mann] ( elections = su*    
(fices4  #b4 ,requir+ rank$ *oice vot+ =
 election ( ,s5ators & ,repres5tatives  
7a7 ,9 ,g5]al ,title ,,iii ( ! ,help    
,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb         
,u4,s4,c4 #bajha et seq47 is am5d$ by   
add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subtitle3  ,c
 ,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+  #a ,requir+ ,rank$
 ,*oice ,vot+ = ,election ( ,s5ators &  
,repres5tatives  #cba4 ,requir+ rank$   
*oice vot+ = election ( ,s5ators &      
,repres5tatives  7a7 ,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+
 ,ea* ,/ate %all c>ry out elections = ! 
(fice ( ,s5ator & ! (fice (             
,repres5tative 9 ,congress1 includ+     
prim>y1 special1 & g5]al elections = su*
 (fice1 us+ a sy/em ( rank$ *oice vot+  
7also kn[n z in/ant run(f vot+7 "u :i*  
ea* vot] %all rank ! c&idates = ! (fice 
9 ! ord] ( ! vot]'s pref]5ce1 9         
accordance ) ?is title4  7b7 ,ballot    
,design ,ea* ,/ate %all ensure t !      
ballot us$ 9 an election c>ri$ out us+ a
 sy/em ( rank$ *oice vot+ "u ?is title  
meets ea* ( ! foll[+ requirem5ts3  7#a7 

,! ballot %all be simple & easy to      
und]/&4  7#b7 ,! ballot %all include all
 qualifi$ c&idates = ! election & 7to ! 
ext5t p]mitt$ "u ,/ate law7 options =   
vot]s to select write-9 c&idates4 ,if   
feasible1 ! ballot %all p]mit vot]s to  
rank e c&idate 9 ! election4 ,if x is n 
feasible = ! ballot to p]mit vot]s to   
rank e c&idate1 ! ,/ate may limit !     
numb] ( c&idates :o may be rank$ on !   
ballot to n few] ?an #f4  7#c7 ,! ballot
 %all include su* in/ructions z ! ,/ate 
consid]s necess>y to enable ! vot] to   
rank c&idates & successfully ca/ !      
ballot "u ! sy/em4  #cbb4 ,prohibit+    
additional run(f elections  7a7 ,prim>y 
elections ,no ,/ate may hold a run(f    
prim>y election = ! (fice ( ,s5ator or !
 (fice ( ,repres5tative 9 ,congress aft]
 ! date e/abli%$ "u ,/ate law = ! prim>y
 election = su* (fice4  7b7 ,g5]al      
elections ,no ,/ate may hold a run(f    
g5]al election = ! (fice ( ,s5ator or ! 
(fice ( ,repres5tative 9 ,congress aft] 
! date e/abli%$ "u section #be ( !      

,revis$ ,/atutes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7#b  
,u4,s4,c4 #g7 = ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al 
election = su* (fice4  7c7 ,special     
elections ,no ,/ate may hold a run(f    
special election = ! (fice ( ,s5ator or 
! (fice ( ,repres5tative 9 ,congress    
aft] ! date e/abli%$ by ! ,/ate "u ,/ate
 law = su* special election = su* (fice4
  #cbc4 ,treatm5t ( prim>y elections    
7a7 ,conditions = hold+ nonp>tisan      
blanket prim>y elections ,a ,/ate may   
hold a nonp>tisan blanket prim>y        
election = ! (fice ( ,s5ator or ! (fice 
( ,repres5tative 9 ,congress only if    
,/ate law provides t at lea/ #c c&idates
 advance to ! subsequ5t g5]al election1 
or1 if write-9 c&idates are all[$ 9 !   
g5]al election1 at lea/ #b c&idates     
advance4  7b7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 
9 ?is title %all be con/ru$ to require a
 ,/ate to hold a prim>y election = !    
(fice ( ,s5ator or ! (fice (            
,repres5tative 9 ,congress prior to !   
date e/abli%$ "u section #be ( ! ,revis$
 ,/atutes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7#b         

,u4,s4,c4 #g7 = ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al 
election = su* (fice1 s long z !        
det]m9ation ( ! c&idates :o are elect$  
to su* (fice is bas$ solely on ! votes  
ca/ ) respect to ! election held on su* 
date1 z det]m9$ 9 accordance ) ! sy/em (
 rank$ *oice vot+ "u ?is title4  #cbd4  
,application to ,di/rict ( ,columbia &  
,t]ritories  7a7 ,election ( ,delegates 
& ,resid5t ,commission] ,9 ?is subtitle1
 ! t]m ,repres5tative includes a        
,delegate or ,resid5t ,commission] to ! 
,congress4  7b7 ,application to ,nor!rn 
,m>iana ,isl&s ,?is subtitle %all apply 
) respect to ! ,commonweal? ( ! ,nor!rn 
,m>iana ,isl&s 9 ! same mann] z ?is     
subtitle applies to a ,/ate4  #b        
,tabulation ,process  #cca4 ,tabulation 
process  7a7 ,9 ,g5]al  7#a7            
,det]m9ation ( c&idate's numb] ( votes  
,! numb] ( votes receiv$ by a c&idate 9 
ei!r ! initial tabulation or 9 an       
additional r\nd ( tabulation %all be    
equal to ! numb] ( ballots on :i* t     
c&idate is ! highe/ rank$ cont9u+       

c&idate4  7#b7 ,crit]ia = election      
,except z provid$ 9 section #ccb1 a     
c&idate %all be elect$ to ! (fice (     
,s5ator or ! (fice ( ,repres5tative 9   
,congress 7or1 9 ! case ( a prim>y      
election1 %all advance to ! g5]al       
election = su* (fice z provid$ "u ! law 
( ! ,/ate involv$7 if--  7,a7 ! c&idate 
receives a numb] ( votes great] ?an #ej 
p]c5t ( ! numb] ( ballots ca/ 9 !       
election2 or  7,b7 if ! election (ficial
 c>ries out additional r\nds (          
tabulation "u subsection 7b71 ! c&idate 
receives ! greate/ numb] ( votes ( !    
rema9+ cont9u+ c&idates 7z describ$ 9   
su* subsection74  7b7 ,process 9 ,case  
no ,c&idate ,elect$ ,"u ,initial        
,tabulation  7#a7 ,additional r\nds (   
tabulation ,if1 "u ! initial tabulation 
( ballots1 no c&idate is elect$ to (fice
 7or1 9 ! case ( a prim>y election1 no  
c&idate advances to ! g5]al election =  
su* (fice7 "u ! crit]ia describ$ 9      
subsection 7a77#b77;,a71 ! election     
(ficial %all c>ry out additional r\nds (

 tabulation 9 accordance ) p>agraph 7#b7
 until only #b cont9u+ c&idates rema94  
7#b7 ,treatm5t ( ballots 9 additional   
r\nds ,9 ea* additional r\nd (          
tabulation c>ri$ out "u ?is subsection--
 7,a7 ! c&idate receiv+ ! fewe/ numb] ( 
votes among all c&idates 7or1 9 ! case (
 a ,/ate :i* applies bat* elim9ation "u 
section #ccd1 ea* c&idate 9 ! bat*      
elim9ation gr\p7 %all be treat$ z a     
defeat$ c&idate2  7,b7 = ea* ballot ca/ 
= a defeat$ c&idate1 ! election (ficial 
%all det]m9e ! highe/-rank$ c&idate on !
 ballot :o is a cont9u+ c&idate2 &  7,c7
 ! vote ca/ on ! ballot %all be         
transf]r$ to1 & add$ to ! total numb] ( 
votes receiv$ by1 ! highe/-rank$ cont9u+
 c&idate det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,b74   
#ccb4 ,special rules = nonp>tisan       
blanket prim>y elections  7a7           
,det]m9ation ( w9n+ c&idates ,9 ! case (
 a nonp>tisan blanket prim>y election1 a
 c&idate = ! (fice ( ,s5ator or ! (fice 
( ,repres5tative 9 ,congress %all be    
treat$ z a w9n+ c&idate & %all advance  

to ! g5]al election = su* (fice if1 dur+
 any r\nd ( tabulation c>ri$ out "u ?is 
section1 ! c&idate is a cont9u+ c&idate 
& ! total numb] ( w9n+ & cont9u+        
c&idates is equal to or less ?an !      
requir$ numb] ( w9n+ c&idates ) respect 
to ! election1 z provid$ "u ! law ( !   
,/ate involv$4  7b7 ,tabulation process 
7#a7 ,additional r\nds ( tabulation     
,aft] ! initial tabulation ( ballots 9 a
 nonp>tisan blanket prim>y election1 !  
election (ficial %all c>ry out          
additional r\nds ( tabulation 9         
accordance ) p>agraph 7#b7 until ! numb]
 ( w9n+ c&idates is equal to ! requir$  
numb] ( w9n+ c&idates ) respect to !    
election1 z provid$ "u ! law ( ! ,/ate  
involv$4  7#b7 ,treatm5t ( ballots 9    
additional r\nds ,9 ea* additional r\nd 
( tabulation c>ri$ out "u ?is           
subsection-- 7,a7 ! c&idate receiv+ !   
fewe/ numb] ( votes among all c&idates  
7or1 9 ! case ( a ,/ate :i* applies bat*
 elim9ation "u section #ccd1 ea* c&idate
 9 ! bat* elim9ation gr\p7 %all be      

treat$ z a defeat$ c&idate2  7,b7 = ea* 
ballot ca/ = a defeat$ c&idate1 !       
election (ficial %all det]m9e !         
highe/-rank$ c&idate on ! ballot :o is a
 cont9u+ c&idate2 &  7,c7 ! vote ca/ on 
! ballot %all be transf]r$ to1 & add$ to
 ! total numb] ( votes receiv$ by1 !    
highe/-rank$ cont9u+ c&idate det]m9$ "u 
subp>agraph 7,b74  #ccc4 ,exclusion (   
inactive ballots  ,9 any r\nd (         
tabulation ( ballots "u ?is "p1 includ+ 
! initial tabulation ( ballots1 a vote  
%all n be c\nt$ = any c&idate if x is   
ca/ on an inactive ballot4  #ccd4 ,use (
 bat* elim9ation  7a7 ,bat* elim9ation  
describ$ ,at ! option ( ! ,/ate1 )      
respect to any c&idate elim9ation r\nd  
c>ri$ out "u ?is subsection1 a ,/ate may
 use bat* elim9ation to treat multiple  
c&idates z defeat$ c&idates = purposes (
 ! additional r\nds ( tabulation        
describ$ 9 section #cca7;b77#b7 or      
section #ccb7;b77#b74 ,a cont9u+ c&idate
 is 9 ! elim9ation bat* if x is         
ma!matically impossible = t c&idate to  

be a w9n+ c&idate 9 ! election = any ( !
 foll[+ reasons3  7#a7 ,! c&idate's vote
 total 9 ! initial tabulation ( ballots 
plus all ( ! votes t c\ld possibly be   
transf]r$ to ! c&idate 9 ! additional   
r\nds ( tabulation w\ld n be en\gh to   
equal or surpass ! cont9u+ c&idate ) !  
next highe/ vote total 9 ! initial      
tabulation ( ballots4  7#b7 ,! c&idate  
has a l[] curr5t vote total ?an a       
cont9u+ c&idate describ$ 9 p>agraph     
7#a74  7b7 ,special rule = nonp>tisan   
blanket prim>y elections ,9 ! case ( a  
nonp>tisan blanket prim>y election = :i*
 tabulation is c>ri$ out 9 accordance ) 
section #ccb1 a c&idate may n be 9 !    
elim9ation bat* if ! c&idate's vote     
total is "o ( ! top  vote totals among  
all cont9u+ c&idates1 ) ! blank space   
fill$ 9 ) ! requir$ numb] ( w9n+        
c&idates ) respect to ! election1 z     
provid$ "u ! law ( ! ,/ate involv$4     
#cce4 ,treatm5t ( ties betwe5 c&idates  
,if a tie occurs betwe5 c&idates ) !    
greate/ numb] ( votes or ! fewe/ numb] (

 votes at any po9t 9 ! tabulation (     
ballots "u ?is "p & ! tabulation _c     
proce$ until ! tie is resolv$1 ! tie    
%all be resolv$ 9 accordance ) ,/ate    
law4  #ccf4 ,det]m9ation ( votes ca/ =  
c&idates ( political p>ties = purposes (
 access to ballot 9 ,f$]al elections ,to
 ! ext5t t a ,/ate takes into acc\nt !  
numb] ( votes ca/ 9 an election =       
c&idates ( a political p>ty 9 det]m9+ ! 
"r ( c&idates ( ! p>ty to appe> on !    
ballot 9 subsequ5t elections = ,f$]al   
(fice 9 ! ,/ate1 ! ,/ate %all det]m9e ! 
numb] ( votes ca/ = a c&idate solely on 
! basis ( ! initial tabulation ( ballots
 9 ! election1 & %all n take into acc\nt
 any additional r\nd ( tabulation "u    
section #cca7;b7 or section #ccb7;b74   
#c ,paym5ts to ,/ates ,to ,implem5t     
,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+  #cda4 ,paym5ts to  
,/ates to implem5t rank$ *oice vot+  7a7
 ,paym5ts ,n lat] ?an ,june #a1 #bjba1 !
 ,commission %all make a paym5t to !    
,/ate 9 an am\nt equal to--  7#a7 9 !   
case ( ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 !        

,commonweal? ( ,pu]to ,rico1 ,am]ican   
,samoa1 ,guam1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,virg9   
,isl&s1 & ! ,commonweal? ( ! ,nor!rn    
,m>iana ,isl&s1 #a1jjj1jjj2 or  7#b7 9 !
 case ( any o!r ,/ate1 ! sum ( #gej1jjj 
& ! product (-- 7,a7 ! numb] (          
,repres5tatives to :i* ! ,/ate is       
entitl$ "u ! reapportionm5t (           
,repres5tatives result+ f ! regul>      
dec5nial c5sus conduct$ dur+ #bjbj2 &   
7,b7 #bej1jjj4  7b7 ,use ( ,funds ,a    
,/ate %all use ! paym5t made "u         
subsection 7a7 to implem5t rank$ *oice  
vot+ "u ?is subtitle1 includ+ educat+   
vot]s ab\t rank$ *oice vot+1 & to       
o!rwise c>ry out elections = ,f$]al     
(fice 9 ! ,/ate4  7c7 ,au?orization (   
,appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be 
appropriat$ su* sums z may be necess>y =
 paym5ts "u ?is section4  #d ,def9itions
  #cea4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is subtitle1 !  
foll[+ def9itions apply3 7#a7 ,! t]m    
cont9u+ c&idate means1 ) respect to an  
additional r\nd ( tabulation conduct$ "u
 section #cca7;b7 or section #ccb7;b71 a

 c&idate :o is nei!r a w9n+ c&idate nor 
a c&idate :o is treat$ z a defeat$      
c&idate "u su* section dur+ ! tabulation
 ( ballots "u su* section4  7#b7 ,! t]m 
inactive ballot means1 ) respect to a   
r\nd ( tabulation "u section #cca or    
section #ccb-- 7,a7 a ballot on :i* !   
vot] does n rank any ( ! cont9u+        
c&idates 9 ord] ( pref]5ce2  7,b7 a     
ballot on :i* ! vot] rank$ m ?an "o     
cont9u+ c&idate at ! highe/ ord] (      
pref]5ce2 or  7,c7 a ballot on :i* !    
vot] skips two or m consecutive num]ical
 rank+s prior to ! rank+ = ! cont9u+    
c&idate at ! highe/ ord] ( pref]5ce4    
7#c7 ,! t]m nonp>tisan blanket prim>y   
election means a s+le1 op5 prim>y       
election = ! (fice ( ,s5ator or ! (fice 
( ,repres5tative 9 ,congress 9 :i* all  
c&idates = ! (fice are li/$ on ! same   
prim>y election ballot1 reg>dless (     
political p>ty affiliation4  7#d7 ,! t]m
 w9n+ c&idate means a c&idate :o 0      
elect$ to (fice 7or1 9 ! case ( a prim>y
 election1 :o advanc$ to ! g5]al        

election = su* (fice z provid$ "u ! law 
( ! ,/ate involv$7 "u ! tabulation      
process applicable to ! election "u "p  
#b at any "t dur+ ! tabulation (        
ballots4  4  7b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5t relat+ 
to applicability ( en=cem5t provisions  
,section #dja ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 
#baaaa7 is am5d$ by /rik+ sections #cja1
 #cjb1 & #cjc & ins]t+ title ,,iii4  7c7
 ,cl]ical ,am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts ( 
su* ,act is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ( !  
item relat+ to title ,,iii ! foll[+3    
,subtitle ,c--,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+ ,"p   
#a--,requir+ ,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+ =      
,election ( ,s5ators & ,repres5tatives  
,sec4 #cba4 ,requir+ rank$ *oice vot+ = 
election ( ,s5ators & ,repres5tatives4  
,sec4 #cbb4 ,prohibit+ additional run(f 
elections4 ,sec4 #cbc4 ,treatm5t (      
prim>y elections4 ,sec4 #cbd4           
,application to ,di/rict ( ,columbia &  
,t]ritories4 ,"p #b--,tabulation        
,process ,sec4 #cca4 ,tabulation        
process4 ,sec4 #ccb4 ,special rules =   
nonp>tisan blanket prim>y elections4    

,sec4 #ccc4 ,exclusion ( inactive       
ballots4 ,sec4 #ccd4 ,use ( bat*        
elim9ation4 ,sec4 #cce4 ,treatm5t ( ties
 betwe5 c&idates4 ,sec4 #ccf4           
,det]m9ation ( votes ca/ = c&idates (   
political p>ties = purposes ( access to 
ballot 9 ,f$]al elections4 ,"p          
#c--,paym5ts to ,/ates ,to ,implem5t    
,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+ ,sec4 #cda4 ,paym5ts
 to ,/ates to implem5t rank$ *oice vot+4
 ,"p #d--;,def9itions ,sec4 #cea4       
,def9itions4  4  #c4 ,no effect on      
elections = ,/ate & local (fice ,no?+ 9 
?is ,act or 9 any am5dm5t made by ?is   
,act may be con/ru$ to affect ! mann] 9 
:i* a ,/ate c>ries out elections = ,/ate
 or local (fice4  #d4 ,sev]ability ,if  
any provision ( ?is ,act or any am5dm5t 
made by ?is ,act1 or ! application ( a  
provision ( ?is ,act or an am5dm5t made 
by ?is ,act to any p]son or circum/ance1
 is held to be uncon/itutional1 !       
rema9d] ( ?is ,act1 & ! application ( ! 
provisions to any p]son or circum/ance1 
%all n be affect$ by ! hold+4  #e4      

,effective date ,?is ,act & ! am5dm5ts  
made by ?is ,act %all apply ) respect to
 elections = ,f$]al (fice held on or    
aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjbb4