#aaf? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 ,r4 
#dcee  ,,an ,,act  ,to direct !         
,director ( ! ,national ,sci5ce         
,f\ndation to support rese>* on !       
outputs t may be g5]at$ by g5]ative     
adv]s>ial networks1 o!rwise kn[n z      
deepfakes1 & o!r comp>able te*niques t  
may be develop$ 9 ! future1 & = o!r     
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ! ,id5tify+ ,outputs (       
,g5]ative ,adv]s>ial ,networks ,act or !
 ,,iogan ,act4  #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress    
f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,rese>* gaps       
curr5tly exi/ on ! und]ly+ te*nology    
ne$$ to develop tools to id5tify au!ntic
 videos1 voice reproduction1 or photos f
 manipulat$ or syn!siz$ cont5t1 includ+ 
^? g5]at$ by g5]ative adv]s>ial         
networks4  7#b7 ,! ,national ,sci5ce    
,f\ndation's focus to support rese>* 9  
artificial intellig5ce ?r\gh comput] &  
in=mation sci5ce & eng9e]+1 cognitive   
sci5ce & psy*ology1 economics & game    
!ory1 control !ory1 l+ui/ics1 ma!matics1
 & philosophy1 is build+ a bett] und]/&+

 ( h[ new te*nologies are %ap+ ! society
 & economy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7#c7 ,!  
,national ,sci5ce ,f\ndation has        
id5tifi$ ! #aj ,big ,ideas = ,,nsf      
,future ,inve/m5t includ+ ,h>ness+ !    
,data ,revolution & ! ,future ( ,"w at !
 ,human-,te*nology ,fronti]1 9 )        
artificial intellig5ce is a critical    
compon5t4  7#d7 ,! outputs g5]at$ by    
g5]ative adv]s>ial networks %\ld be     
includ$ "u ! umbrella ( rese>* describ$ 
9 p>agraph 7#c7 giv5 ! grave national   
security & societal impact pot5tial (   
su* networks4  7#e7 ,g5]ative adv]s>ial 
networks are n likely to be utiliz$ z ! 
sole te*nique ( artificial intellig5ce  
or ma*9e le>n+ capable ( creat+ cr$ible 
deepfakes & o!r comp>able te*niques may 
be develop$ 9 ! future to produce simil>
 outputs4  #c4 ,,nsf support ( rese>* on
 manipulat$ or syn!siz$ cont5t &        
in=mation security ,! ,director ( !     
,national ,sci5ce ,f\ndation1 9         
consultation ) o!r relevant ,f$]al      
ag5cies1 %all support m]it-review$ &    

competitively aw>d$ rese>* on manipulat$
 or syn!siz$ cont5t & in=mation         
au!nticity1 :i* may include--  7#a7     
fundam5tal rese>* on digital =5sic tools
 or o!r te*nologies = v]ify+ !          
au!nticity ( in=mation & detection (    
manipulat$ or syn!siz$ cont5t1 includ+  
cont5t g5]at$ by g5]ative adv]s>ial     
networks2  7#b7 fundam5tal rese>* on    
te*nical tools = id5tify+ manipulat$ or 
syn!siz$ cont5t1 su* z wat]m>k+ sy/ems =
 g5]at$ m$ia2  7#c7 social & behavioral 
rese>* relat$ to manipulat$ or syn!siz$ 
cont5t1 includ+ ! e?ics ( ! te*nology & 
human engagem5t ) ! cont5t2  7#d7 rese>*
 on public und]/&+ & aw>5ess (          
manipulat$ & syn!siz$ cont5t1 includ+   
rese>* on be/ practices = educat+ !     
public to disc]n au!nticity ( digital   
cont5t2 &  7#e7 rese>* aw>ds coord9at$ )
 o!r f$]al ag5cies & programs includ+ ! 
,network+ & ,in=mation ,te*nology       
,rese>* & ,developm5t ,program1 !       
,def5se ,advanc$ ,rese>* ,projects      
,ag5cy & ! ,intellig5ce ,advanc$ ,rese>*

 ,projects ,ag5cy4  #d4 ,,ni/ support = 
rese>* & /&>ds on g5]ative adv]s>ial    
networks  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,director ( ! 
,national ,in/itute ( ,/&>ds &          
,te*nology %all support rese>* = !      
developm5t ( measurem5ts & /&>ds        
necess>y to accel]ate ! developm5t ( !  
te*nological tools to exam9e ! function 
& outputs ( g5]ative adv]s>ial networks 
or o!r te*nologies t syn!size or        
manipulate cont5t4  7b7 ,outrea* ,!     
,director ( ! ,national ,in/itute (     
,/&>ds & ,te*nology %all conduct        
outrea*-- 7#a7 to receive input f       
private1 public1 & academic /akehold]s  
on fundam5tal measurem5ts & /&>ds rese>*
 necess>y to exam9e ! function & outputs
 ( g5]ative adv]s>ial networks2 &  7#b7 
to consid] ! feasibility ( an ongo+     
public & private sector engagem5t to    
develop volunt>y /&>ds = ! function &   
outputs ( g5]ative adv]s>ial networks or
 o!r te*nologies t syn!size or          
manipulate cont5t4  #e4 ,report on      
feasibility ( public-private p>tn]%ip to

 detect manipulat$ or syn!siz$ cont5t ,n
 lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( !        
enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,director ( !    
,national ,sci5ce ,f\ndation & !        
,director ( ! ,national ,in/itute (     
,/&>ds & ,te*nology %all jo9tly submit  
to ! ,committee on ,space1 ,sci5ce1 &   
,te*nology ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives &
 ! ,committee on ,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 &   
,transportation a report conta9+--  7#a7
 ! ,directors' f9d+s ) respect to !     
feasibility = rese>* opportunities ) !  
private sector1 includ+ digital m$ia    
companies to detect ! function & outputs
 ( g5]ative adv]s>ial networks or o!r   
te*nologies t syn!size or manipulate    
cont5t2 &  7#b7 any policy              
recomm5dations ( ! ,directors t c\ld    
facilitate & improve communication &    
coord9ation betwe5 ! private sector1 !  
,national ,sci5ce ,f\ndation1 & relevant
 ,f$]al ag5cies ?r\gh ! implem5tation ( 
innovative approa*es to detect digital  
cont5t produc$ by g5]ative adv]s>ial    
networks or o!r te*nologies t syn!size  

or manipulate cont5t4  #f4 ,g5]ative    
adv]s>ial network def9$ ,9 ?is ,act1 !  
t]m g5]ative adv]s>ial network means1 ) 
respect to artificial intellig5ce1 !    
ma*9e le>n+ process ( attempt+ to cause 
a g5]ator artificial neural network     
7ref]r$ to 9 ?is p>agraph z ! g5]ator & 
a discrim9ator artificial neural network
 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is p>agraph z a          
discrim9ator7 to compete aga9/ ea* o!r  
to become m accurate 9 _! function &    
outputs1 ?r\gh :i* ! g5]ator &          
discrim9ator create a fe$back loop1     
caus+ ! g5]ator to produce increas+ly   
high]-quality artificial outputs & !    
discrim9ator to increas+ly improve 9    
detect+ su* artificial outputs4  ,pass$ 
! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ,decemb] #i1  
#bjai4;,cl]k4