,i  #aaf? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #dcbf  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #ab1        
#bjai,mrs4 ,wagn] 7= h]self1 ,mr4       
,jeffries1 ,mr4 ,smi? ( ,new ,j]sey1 &  
,mr4 ,walb]g7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2  
:i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign  
,affairs  ,a ,,bill  ,to am5d !         
,traffick+ ,victims ,protection ,act (  
#bjjj relat+ to det]m9ations ) respect  
to ef=ts ( =eign c\ntries to r$uce dem& 
= comm]cial sex acts "u ! m9imum /&>ds =
 ! elim9ation ( traffick+4  #a4 ,%ort   
title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,sex    
,traffick+ ,dem& ,r$uction ,act4  #b4   
,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,x
 has be5 ! long/&+ position ( ! ,unit$  
,/ates to r$uce ! dem& = sex traffick+  
victims4 ,!re is also a wide            
int]national cons5sus on ! necessity (  
dem& r$uction 9 ord] to prev5t human    
traffick+4  7#b7 ,! ,unit$ ,nations     
,protocol to ,prev5t1 ,suppress & ,puni%
 ,traffick+ 9 ,p]sons1 ,especially ,wom5
 & ,*ildr51 ,supplem5t+ ! ,unit$        

,nations ,conv5tion ,aga9/              
,transnational ,organiz$ ,crime ( #bjjj 
7also ref]r$ to z ! ,pal]mo             
,protocol7s77 expressly addresses !     
requirem5t t nations make s]i\s ef=ts to
 r$uce dem& = traffick$ p]sons4  7#c7   
,article #i1 address+ prev5tion ( human 
traffick+1 specifically directs t1      
,/ates ,p>ties %all adopt or /r5g!n     
legislative or o!r measures1 su* z      
educational1 social or cultural         
measures1 includ+ ?r\gh bilat]al &      
multilat]al coop]ation1 to disc\rage !  
dem& t fo/]s all =ms ( exploitation (   
p]sons1 especially wom5 & *ildr51 t     
leads to traffick+44  7#d7 ,! ,unit$    
,nations ,protocol1 ! ,europe ,conv5tion
 on ,action aga9/ ,human ,traffick+1 & !
 #bjaa ,european ,union ,directive ( !  
,european ,p>liam5t & ! ,c\ncil on      
prev5t+ & combat+ traffick+ 9 human be+s
 also specifically address ! ne$ to     
prev5t human traffick+ by r$uc+ dem& =  
traffick+ victims4  7#e7 ,rese>* has %[n
 t legal pro/itution increases ! dem& = 

pro/itut$ p]sons & ?us increases ! m>ket
 = sex4 ,z a result1 !re is a           
significant increase 9 in/ances ( human 
traffick+4  7#f7 ,9 #bjab1 rese>*]s     
,seo-,"y ,*o1 ,axel ,dreh]1 & ,eric     
,neumay] publi%$ _! f9d+s 9 ,_w         
,developm5t e/abli%+ t1 ,! scale effect 
( legaliz$ pro/itution leads to an      
expansion ( ! pro/itution m>ket1        
increas+ human traffick+ ''' 4 ,on      
av]age1 c\ntries :]e pro/itution is     
legal exp]i5ce l>g] report$ human       
traffick+ infl[s44  7#g7 ,9 #bjje1 a    
/udy focus$ on #aa ,european ,union     
c\ntries reque/$ by ! ,european         
,p>liam5t's committee on ,wom5's ,rights
 & ,g5d] ,equality & p]=m$ by           
,transcrime f\nd t /rict] pro/itution   
laws are correlat$ ) few] human         
traffick+ victims4  7#h7 ,case /udies   
publi%$ by rese>*]s ,niklas ,jakobsson &
 ,&reas ,kotsadam support ! possibility 
( a causal l9k betwe5 h>%] pro/itution  
laws & r$uc$ human traffick+4 ,jakobsson
 & ,kotsadam f\nd t traffick+ ( p]sons =

 comm]cial sexual exploitation is lea/  
preval5t 9 c\ntries :]e pro/itution is  
illegal & mo/ preval5t 9 c\ntries :]e   
pro/itution is legaliz$4  7#i7 ,fur!r   
data has demon/rat$ ! correlation betwe5
 ! adoption ( legislation t crim9alizes 
dem& & r$uctions 9 sex traffick+4  #c4  
,am5dm5t relat+ to det]m9ations )       
respect to ef=ts ( =eign c\ntries to    
r$uce dem& = comm]cial sex acts "u !    
m9imum /&>ds = ! elim9ation ( traffick+ 
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,p>agraph 7#ab7 ( section  
#ajh7;b7 ( ! ,traffick+ ,victims        
,protection ,act ( #bjjj 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 
#gajf7;b77 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3   
7#ab7 ,:e!r ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry has   
made s]i\s & su/a9$ ef=ts to-- 7,a7     
prohibit ! pur*ase ( comm]cial sex acts 
to ! ext5t su* prohibition is )9 !      
au?ority ( ! c5tral gov]nm5t or implem5t
 a policy aga9/ ! pur*ase ( comm]cial   
sex acts to ! ext5t t prohibition is n  
)9 ! au?ority ( ! c5tral gov]nm5t2  7,b7
 educate buy]s ( comm]cial sex on h[    
traffick]s exploit pro/itut$ p]sons =   

human traffick+2 &  7,c7 r$uce dem& =   
p>ticipation 9 int]national sex t\rism  
by nationals ( ! c\ntry4  4  7b7        
,effective date ,! am5dm5t made by      
subsection 7a7 takes effect on ! date ( 
! enactm5t ( ?is ,act & applies )       
respect to det]m9ations "u subsection   
7a77#d7 ( section #ajh ( ! ,traffick+   
,victims ,protection ,act ( #bjjj t are 
made on or aft] su* date ( enactm5t4