,i #aaf? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,h4 ,r4 #ciab ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,july #bc1 #bjai,mr4 ,lewis 7= himself & ,mr4 ,bu*anan7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,en]gy & ,comm]ce1 & 9 addition to ! ,committee on ,ways & ,means1 = a p]iod to be subsequ5tly det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* case = consid]ation ( su* provisions z fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! committee conc]n$ ,a ,,bill ,to am5d title ,,xviii ( ! ,social ,security ,act to increase aw>5ess1 exp& prev5tative s]vices1 & improve c>e = individuals ) end-/age r5al disease1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,*ronic ,kidney ,disease ,improvem5t 9 ,rese>* & ,treatm5t ,act4 ,i ,increas+ ,aw>5ess1 ,exp&+ ,prev5tative ,s]vices1 & ,improv+ ,c>e ,coord9ation #aja4 ,increas+ access to m$ic>e kidney disease education b5efit 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #ahfa7;ggg7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aciex7ggg77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 by ins]t+ or /age ,v aft] /age ,,iv2 & 7,b7 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 by ins]t+ or ( a physician assi/ant1 nurse practition]1 or cl9ical nurse speciali/ 7z def9$ 9 section #ahfa7;aa77#e77 assi/+ 9 ! treatm5t ( ! individual's kidney condition aft] kidney condition2 & 7#b7 9 p>agraph 7#b7-- 7,a7 by /rik+ subp>agraph 7,b72 & 7,b7 9 subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 by /rik+ 7,a7 aft] 7#b72 7ii7 by /rik+ & at ! end ( clause 7i72 7iii7 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end ( clause 7ii7 & ins]t+ 2 &2 7iv7 by r$esignat+ clauses 7i7 & 7ii7 z subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,b71 respectively2 & 7v7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7,c7 a r5al dialysis facility subject to ! requirem5ts ( section #ahha7;b77#a7 ) p]sonnel :o-- 7i7 provide ! s]vices describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a72 & 7ii7 is a physician 7z def9$ 9 subsection 7r77#a77 or a physician assi/ant1 nurse practition]1 or cl9ical nurse speciali/ 7z def9$ 9 subsection 7aa77#e774 4 7b7 ,paym5t to r5al dialysis facilities ,section #ahha7;b7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acierr7b77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new p>agraph3 7#ae7 ,= purposes ( p>agraph 7#ad71 ! s+le paym5t = r5al dialysis s]vices "u su* p>agraph %all n take into acc\nt ! am\nt ( paym5t = kidney disease education s]vices 7z def9$ 9 section #ahfa7;ggg774 ,in/ead1 paym5t = su* s]vices %all be made to ! r5al dialysis facility on an assignm5t-relat$ basis "u section #ahdh4 4 7c7 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by ?is section apply to kidney disease education s]vices furni%$ on or aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjbj4 #ajb4 ,und]/&+ curr5t utilization ( palliative c>e s]vices 7a7 ,/udy 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,comptroll] ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 79 ?is section ref]r$ to z ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al7 %all conduct a /udy on ! utilization ( palliative c>e 9 treat+ individuals ) advanc$ kidney disease1 f /age #d ?r\gh /age #e1 includ+ individuals ) kidney failure on dialysis ?r\gh any progression ( ! disease4 ,su* /udy %all include an analysis (-- 7,a7 h[ palliative c>e c be utiliz$ to improve ! quality ( life ( ^? ) kidney disease & facilitate c>e tailor$ to _! individual goals & values2 7,b7 ! successful use ( palliative c>e 9 ! c>e ( pati5ts ) o!r *ronic diseases & s]i\s illnesses2 7,c7 ! utilization ( palliative c>e at any po9t 9 an illness1 includ+ :5 us$ at ! same "t z curative treatm5t2 & 7,d7 o!r areas det]m9$ appropriate by ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al4 7#b7 ,def9ition ( palliative c>e ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m palliative c>e means pati5t & family c5t]$ c>e t optimizes quality ( life by anticipat+1 prev5t+1 & treat+ suff]+4 ,su* t]m includes c>e t is furni%$ ?r\gh\t ! cont9uum ( ! illness t addresses physical1 intellectual1 emotional1 social1 & spiritual ne$s & t facilitates pati5t autonomy1 access to in=mation & *oice4 7b7 ,report ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al %all submit to ! ,congress a report on ! /udy conduct$ "u subsection 7a71 toge!r ) su* recomm5dations z ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al det]m9es to be appropriate4 #ajc4 ,improv+ access 9 und]s]v$ areas 7a7 ,def9ition ( prim>y c>e s]vices ,section #cca7;a77#c77;,d7 ( ! ,public ,heal? ,s]vice ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #bed;d7a77#c77;,d77 is am5d$ by ins]t+ & includes r5al dialysis s]vices be=e ! p]iod at ! end4 7b7 ,national heal? s]vice corps s*ol>%ip program ,section #cch;,a7a77#b7 ( ! ,public ,heal? ,s]vice ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #bedl7a77#b77 is am5d$ by ins]t+ 1 includ+ nephrology heal? pr(essionals be=e ! p]iod at ! end4 7c7 ,national heal? s]vice corps loan repaym5t program ,section #cch;,b7a77#b7 ( ! ,public ,heal? ,s]vice ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #bedl-#a7;a77#b77 is am5d$ by ins]t+ 1 includ+ nephrology heal? pr(essionals be=e ! p]iod at ! end4 #ajd4 ,improv+ c>e coord9ation = dialysis pati5ts 7a7 ,hospitals requir$ ,to provide in=mation ,section #ahha ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acierr7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subsection3 7i7 ,hospitals requir$ ,to provide in=mation 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all e/abli% a process "u :i* a hospital or a critical access hospital %all provide a r5al dialysis facility ) heal? & treatm5t in=mation ) respect to an individual :o is dis*>g$ f ! hospital or critical access hospital & :o subsequ5tly receives treatm5t at facility4 7#b7 ,elem5ts ,"u ! process e/abli%$ "u p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 ! reque/ = ! heal? in=mation may be initiat$ by ! individual prior to dis*>ge or ^u reque/ by ! r5al dialysis facility aft] ! pati5t is dis*>g$2 & 7,b7 ! in=mation mu/ be provid$ to ! facility )9 #g days ( ! reque/ be+ made4 4 ,,ii ,inc5tiviz+ ,innovation = ,truly ,innovative ,new ,drugs1 ,biologicals1 ,devices1 & ,o!r ,te*nologies4 #bja4 ,ma9ta9 an economically /able dialysis infra/ructure 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #ahha7;b77#ad7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acierr7b77#ad77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subp>agraph 7,d71 9 ! matt] prec$+ clause 7i71 by /rik+ ,su* sy/em & ins]t+ ,subject to subp>agraph 7,j71 su* sy/em2 & 7#b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subp>agraph3 7,j7 ,= paym5t = r5al dialysis s]vices furni%$ on or aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjbj1 "u ! sy/em "u ?is p>agraph-- 7i7 ! paym5t adju/m5t describ$ 9 clause 7i7 ( subp>agraph 7,d7-- 7,i7 %all n take into acc\nt comorbidities2 & 7,,ii7 %all only take into acc\nt age = purposes ( di/+ui%+ betwe5 individuals :o are "u #ah ye>s ( age & ^? :o are #ah ye>s ( age & old] b %all n include any o!r adju/m5t = age2 7ii7 ! ,secret>y %all reassess any adju/m5ts relat$ to pati5t weight "u su* clause2 7iii7 ! paym5t adju/m5t describ$ 9 clause 7ii7 ( su* subp>agraph %all n be includ$2 7iv7 ! /&>dization factor describ$ 9 ! f9al rule publi%$ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] on ,novemb] #h1 #bjab 7#gg ,f$4 ,reg4 #fgdgj71 %all be e/abli%$ us+ ! mo/ curr5tly available data 7& n hi/orical data7 & adju/$ on an annual basis1 bas$ on su* available data1 to acc\nt = any *ange 9 utilization ( drugs & any modification 9 adju/ors appli$ "u ?is p>agraph2 & 7v7 take into acc\nt reasonable co/s = det]m9+ ! paym5t rate consi/5t ) p>agraph 7#b77;,b74 4 7b7 ,inclusion ( network fee z an all[able co/ ,section #ahha7;b77#ad7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acierr7b77#ad771 z am5d$ by subsection 7a71 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subp>agraph3 7,k7 ,n lat] ?an ,janu>y #a1 #bjbj1 ! ,secret>y %all am5d ! ,,esrd facility co/ report to include ! p] treatm5t network fee 7z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#g77 z an all[able co/ or (fset to rev5ue4 4 7c7 ,affirmation ( availability ( bad debt reimbursem5t = non-,composite rate s]vices 7#a7 ,repeal ( ,,mippa bad debt rule ( contruction ,section #aec7;b77#d7 ( ! ,m$ic>e ,improvem5ts = ,pati5ts & ,provid]s ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acierr note7 is repeal$4 7#b7 ,bad debt paym5ts ,section #ahha7;b77#ad7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acierr7b771 z am5d$ by subsections 7a7 & 7b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subp>agraphs3 7,l7 ,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( ?is title1 ! ,secret>y %all provide paym5ts = any unrecov]$ am\nt = any bad debt attributable to d$uctible & co9surance = any item or s]vice reimburs$ "u ! sy/em "u ?is p>agraph or bad debt describ$ 9 section #aec7;b77#d7 ( ! ,m$ic>e ,improvem5ts = ,pati5ts & ,provid]s ,act ( #bjjh4 ,su* paym5ts = any unrecov]$ am\nt %all be made 9 addition to paym5ts made "u su* sy/em & su* drug designation process4 7,m7 ,! additional paym5ts made "u subp>agraph 7,l7-- 7i7 %all n be consid]$ an adju/m5t "u subp>agraph 7,d72 & 7ii7 %all n be implem5t$ 9 a budget neutral mann]4 4 7#c7 ,effective date ,p>agraph 7#a7 & ! am5dm5ts made by p>agraph 7#b7 %all apply to paym5ts beg9n+ on ,janu>y #a1 #bjbj4 7d7 ,productivity adju/m5t ,section #ahhf7;b77#c77;,b77xi7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acieww7b77#c77;,b77xi77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subclause 7,i71 by /rik+ ,= #bjab & ins]t+ ,subject to subclause 7,,iv71 = #bjab2 & 7#b7 by add+ at ! end1 ! foll[+ new subclause3 7,,iv7 ,= #bjbj ?r\gh #bjbd1 ! productivity adju/m5t describ$ 9 subclause 7,,ii7 %all be z]o = a paym5t sy/em = any ye> 9 :i* ! ,m$ic>e ,paym5t ,advisory ,commission e/abli%$ "u section #ahje e/imates t paym5ts provid$ "u su* paym5t sy/em1 on an aggregate national basis1 exce$ co/s1 on an aggregate national basis1 by #c4j p]c5t or less4 4 7e7 ,paym5t = new & innovative drugs & biologicals t are r5al dialysis s]vices ,section #ahha7;b77#ad7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acieww7b77#ad771 z am5d$ by subsections 7a71 7b71 & 7c71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ ! foll[+ new subp>agraph3 7,n7 ,paym5t = new & innovative drugs1 biologicals1 & devices t are r5al dialysis s]vices 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,= drugs or biologicals det]m9$ to be )9 a functional category1 ! ,secret>y1 9 consultation ) /akehold]s1 %all ensure t ! s+le paym5t am\nt is adequate to cov] ! co/ ( new innovative drugs or biologicals & increase ! s+le paym5t am\nt if x is n4 ,! ,secret>y %all use ! co/ & utilization data collect$ dur+ ! two-ye> transitional p]iod1 z set =? 9 ! f9al regulation entitl$ ,m$ic>e ,program2 ,end-,/age ,r5al ,disease ,prospective ,paym5t ,sy/em1 ,paym5t = ,r5al ,dialysis ,s]vices ,furni%$ to ,individuals ,) ,acute ,kidney ,injury1 ,end-,/age ,r5al ,disease ,quality ,inc5tive ,program1 ,durable ,m$ical ,equipm5t1 ,pro/hetics1 ,or?otics & ,supplies 7,,dmepos7 ,competitive ,bidd+ ,program 7,,cbp7 & ,fee ,s*$ule ,am\nts1 & ,te*nical ,am5dm5ts ,to ,correct ,exi/+ ,regulations ,relat$ to ! ,,cbp = ,c]ta9 ,,dmepos publi%$ on ,novemb] #ad1 #bjah 7#hc ,f$4 ,reg4 #efibb et seq474 7ii7 ,money to foll[ ! pati5t ,! ,secret>y ?r\gh notice & comm5t rulemak+ %all implem5t a policy = any drug or biological t is n provid$ to ! av]age pati5t t results 9 ! am\nt by :i* ! s+le paym5t am\nt is increas$ pursuant to ?is clause %all be paid only :5 a provid] or r5al dialysis facility has demon/rat$ t x has adm9i/]$ ! drug or biological to a pati5t4 4 7f7 ,new devices & o!r te*nologies ,z "p ( ! promulgation ( ! annual rule = ! ,m$ic>e end-/age r5al disease prospective paym5t sy/em "u section #ahha7;b77#ad7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acierr7b77#ad77 = cal5d> ye> #bjba & 9 consultation ) /akehold]s1 ! ,secret>y ( ,heal? & ,human ,s]vices %all e/abli% a process = id5tify+ & det]m9+ appropriate paym5t am\nts = incorporat+ new devices & te*nologies into ! bundl$ paym5t "u su* sy/em4 ,,iii ,improv+ ! ,accuracy & ,transp>5cy ( ,end-,/age ,r5al ,disease ,quality ,programs #cja4 ,improve pati5t decision mak+ & transp>5cy by consolidat+ & mod]niz+ quality programs 7a7 ,measures ,section #ahha7;h77#b7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acierr7h77#b77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ subp>agraph 7,a7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! measures specifi$ "u ?is p>agraph ) respect to ! ye> involv$ %all be select$ 9 consultation ) /akehold]s to promote improvem5t 9 b5efici>y outcomes & %>$ decision-mak+ ) b5efici>ies & _! c>egiv]s4 ,:5 select+ measures specifi$ "u ?is p>agraph1 ! ,secret>y %all take into acc\nt cl9ical gaps 9 c>e1 und]utilization t may lead to b5efici>y h>m1 pati5t safety1 & outcomes4 4 7#b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subp>agraphs3 7,f7 ,weight+ limitation ,no s+le measure specifi$ by ! ,secret>y or individual measure )9 a composite measure s specifi$ may be weight$ less ?an #aj p]c5t ( ! total p]=mance score4 7,g7 ,/ati/ically valid & reliable ,9 specify+ measures "u subp>agraph 7,a71 ! ,secret>y %all only specify measures t h be5 %[n to be /ati/ically valid & reliable ?r\gh te/+4 4 7b7 ,endorsem5t ,section #ahha7;h77#b77;,b7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acierr7h77#b77;,b77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 clause 7ii71 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new s5t5ce3 ,! exception "u ! prec$+ s5t5ce %all n apply to a measure t ! entity ) a contract "u section #ahij7;a7 7or a simil> entity7 consid]$ b fail$ to endorse42 & 7#b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new clause3 7iii7 ,composite measures ,clauses 7i7 & 7ii7 %all apply to composite measures 9 ! same mann] z su* clauses apply to individual measures4 4 7c7 ,requirem5ts = dialysis facility comp>e /> rat+ program ,section #ahha7;h77#f7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acierr7h77#f77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subp>agraph3 7,e7 ,requirem5ts = any dialysis facility comp>e /> rat+ program ,to ! ext5t t ! ,secret>y ma9ta9s a dialysis facility comp>e /> rat+ program1 "u su* a program ! ,secret>y %all-- 7i7 assign />s us+ ! same me?odology & total p]=mance score results f ! quality inc5tive program "u ?is subsection2 7ii7 det]m9e ! />s us+ ! same me?odology us$ "u su* quality inc5tive program2 & 7iii7 n use a =c$ bell curve :5 det]m9+ ! />s or rebasel9+ ! />s4 4 7d7 ,inc5tive paym5ts 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #ahha7;h77#a7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #acierr7h77#a77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subp>agraph3 7,d7 ,inc5tive paym5ts 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ! case ( a provid] ( s]vices or a r5al dialysis facility t ! ,secret>y det]m9es exce$s ! atta9m5t p]=mance /&>ds "u p>agraph 7#d7 ) respect to a ye>1 ! ,secret>y may make a bonus paym5t to ! provid] or facility 7pursuant to a process e/abli%$ by ! ,secret>y74 7ii7 ,fund+ ,! total am\nt ( bonus paym5ts "u clause 7i7 9 a ye> %all be equal to ! total am\nt ( r$uc$ paym5ts 9 a ye> "u subp>agraph 7,a74 7iii7 ,no effect 9 subsequ5t ye>s ,! provisions ( subp>agraph 7,c7 %all apply to a bonus paym5t "u ?is subp>agraph 9 ! same mann] subp>agraph 7,c7 applies to a r$uction "u su* subp>agraph4 4 7#b7 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by ?is section %all apply to items & s]vices furni%$ on or aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjbj4 ,,iv ,emp[]+ ,pati5ts #dja4 ,m$igap cov]age = b5efici>ies ) end-/age r5al disease 7a7 ,gu>ante$ availability ( ,m$igap policies to all ,,esrd m$ic>e b5efici>ies 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #ahhb7s7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aciess7s77 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#b7-- 7i7 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 by /rik+ is #fe & all t foll[s ?r\gh ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 is-- 7i7 #fe ye>s ( age or old] & is enroll$ = b5efits "u "p ,b2 or 7ii7 is entitl$ to b5efits "u #bbf;,a7b7 & is enroll$ = b5efits "u "p ,b4 2 & 7ii7 9 subp>agraph 7,d71 9 ! matt] prec$+ clause 7i71 by ins]t+ 7or is entitl$ to b5efits "u #bbf;,a7b77 aft] is #fe ye>s ( age or old]2 & 7,b7 9 p>agraph 7#c77;,b7-- 7i7 9 clause 7ii71 by ins]t+ 7or is entitl$ to b5efits "u #bbf;,a7b77 aft] is #fe ye>s ( age or old]2 & 7ii7 9 clause 7vi71 by ins]t+ 7or "u #bbf;,a7b77 aft] at age #fe4 7#b7 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by p>agraph 7#a7 %all apply to ,m$ic>e supplem5tal policies effective on or aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjba4 7b7 ,additional enrollm5t p]iod = c]ta9 individuals 7#a7 ,"o-"t enrollm5t p]iod 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ! case ( an individual describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 ! ,secret>y ( ,heal? & ,human ,s]vices %all e/abli% a "o-"t enrollm5t p]iod dur+ :i* su* an individual may enroll 9 any ,m$ic>e supplem5tal policy "u section #ahhb ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aciess7 ( ! individual's *oos+4 7,b7 ,enrollm5t p]iod ,! enrollm5t p]iod e/abli%$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all beg9 on ,janu>y #a1 #bjba1 & %all end ,june #cj1 #bjba4 7#b7 ,individual describ$ ,an individual describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph is an individual :o-- 7,a7 is entitl$ to hospital insurance b5efits "u "p ,a ( title ,,xviii ( ! ,social ,security ,act "u section #bbf;,a7b7 ( su* ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #dbf-a7;b772 7,b7 is enroll$ = b5efits "u "p ,b ( su* title ,,xviii2 & 7,c7 w\ld n1 b = ! provisions (1 & am5dm5ts made by1 subsection 7a7 be eligible = ! gu>ante$ issue ( a ,m$ic>e supplem5tal policy "u p>agraph 7#b7 or 7#c7 ( section #ahhb7s7 ( su* ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aciess7s774 #djb4 ,all[+ individuals ) kidney failure to reta9 access to private insurance 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #ahfb7;b77#a77;,c7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aciey7b77#a77;,c77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 ! la/ s5t5ce1 by ins]t+ & be=e ,janu>y #a1 #bjbj aft] prior to su* date2 & 7#b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new s5t5ce3 ,effective = items & s]vices furni%$ on or aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjbj 7) respect to p]iods beg9n+ on or aft] ! date t is #db mon?s prior to su* date71 clauses 7i7 & 7ii7 %all be appli$ by sub/itut+ #db-mon? = #ab-mon? ea* place x appe>s44 7b7 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by ?is subsection %all take effect on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 ,= purposes ( det]m9+ an individual's /atus "u section #ahfb7;b77#a77;,c7 ( ! ,social ,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aciey7b77#a77;,c771 z am5d$ by subsection 7a71 an individual :o is )9 ! coord9at+ p]iod z ( ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act %all h t p]iod ext5d$ to ! full #db mon?s describ$ 9 ! la/ s5t5ce ( su* section1 z add$ by ! am5dm5t made by subsection 7a77#b74