,,ib  ,union ,cal5d> ,no4 #bab  #aaf?   
,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 ,r4 #ce   
,report ,no4 #aaf-bfg  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se   
,,( ,,repres5tatives  ,janu>y #c1 #bjai 
,mr4 ,ru% introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0
 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y  
,octob] #ca1 #bjai ,additional sponsors3
 ,mr4 ,bi%op ( ,georgia1 ,mr4 ,meeks1   
,mr4 ,blum5au]1 ,mr4 ,ha/+s1 ,ms4       
,s*ak[sky1 ,ms4 ,norton1 ,mr4 ,vela1    
,mr4 ,coh51 ,mr4 ,evans1 ,mr4 ,cumm+s1  
,mrs4 ,napolitano1 ,mr4 ,khanna1 ,ms4   
,bass1 ,mr4 ,rupp]sb]g]1 ,mr4 ,c>son (  
,indiana1 ,mr4 ,fo/]1 ,mr4 ,c>bajal1    
,mr4 ,s]rano1 ,mr4 ,soto1 ,mr4 ,lawson (
 ,florida1 ,ms4 ,velzquez1 ,mr4 ,br[n ( 
,m>yl&1 ,mr4 ,danny ,k4 ,davis (        
,ill9ois1 ,mr4 ,cicill9e1 ,mrs4 ,beatty1
 ,mr4 ,?ompson ( ,mississippi1 ,mr4     
,johnson ( ,georgia1 ,mr4 ,espaillat1   
,mr4 ,smi? ( ,wa%+ton1 ,mr4 ,br5dan ,f4 
,boyle ( ,p5nsylvania1 ,mr4 ,ca/ro (    
,texas1 ,mr4 ,c>twright1 ,ms4 ,jackson  
,lee1 ,mr4 ,t$ ,lieu ( ,cali=nia1 ,ms4  
,cl>k ( ,massa*usetts1 ,ms4 ,cl>ke (    

,new ,york1 ,mr4 ,v>gas1 ,ms4 ,spei]1   
,mr4 ,scott ( ,virg9ia1 ,mr4 ,sean      
,patrick ,maloney ( ,new ,york1 ,ms4    
,tlaib1 ,mr4 ,butt]field1 ,mr4 ,m\lton1 
,ms4 ,kelly ( ,ill9ois1 ,mr4 ,clay1     
,mrs4 ,watson ,coleman1 ,mr4 ,deut*1    
,mrs4 ,lawr5ce1 ,mr4 ,higg9s ( ,new     
,york1 ,mr4 ,gre5 ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,sires1
 ,mrs4 ,c>olyn ,b4 ,maloney ( ,new      
,york1 ,mr4 ,s*neid]1 ,mr4 ,lewis1 ,mr4 
,pallone1 ,mr4 ,coop]1 ,mr4 ,quigley1   
,ms4 ,bonamici1 ,mr4 ,kri%namoor?i1     
,mrs4 ,d+ell1 ,ms4 ,lee ( ,cali=nia1    
,mr4 ,mc,govern1 ,mr4 ,payne1 ,mrs4     
,murphy ( ,florida1 ,mrs4 ,dem+s1 ,ms4  
,johnson ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,ryan1 ,ms4     
,fudge1 ,mr4 ,neal1 ,ms4 ,de,gette1 ,mr4
 ,wel*1 ,mr4 ,y>mu?1 ,miss ,rice ( ,new 
,york1 ,mrs4 ,luria1 ,ms4 ,ca/or (      
,florida1 ,mr4 ,pet]s1 ,ms4             
,roybal-,all>d1 ,ms4 ,m5g1 ,mr4 ,engel1 
,ms4 ,mc,collum1 ,mrs4 ,bu/os1 ,mr4     
,grijalva1 ,mr4 ,ri*mond1 ,mr4 ,clyburn1
 ,mr4 ,/anton1 ,mr4 ,swalwell (         
,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,kildee1 ,mr4 ,david    

,scott ( ,georgia1 ,mr4 ,mc,nerney1 ,ms4
 ,adams1 ,ms4 ,%alala1 ,ms4 ,pressley1  
,ms4 ,judy ,*u ( ,cali=nia1 ,ms4        
,wass]man ,s*ultz1 ,ms4 ,gabb>d1 ,ms4   
,ocasio-,cortez1 ,mr4 ,r\da1 ,ms4 ,e%oo1
 ,ms4 ,sewell ( ,alabama1 ,ms4          
,muc>sel-,p[ell1 ,ms4 ,wilson (         
,florida1 ,mrs4 ,davis ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4
 ,lyn*1 ,mr4 ,pappas1 ,mr4 ,cisn]os1    
,mr4 ,%]man1 ,mr4 ,veasey1 ,mr4 ,turn]1 
,mrs4 ,trahan1 ,mr4 ,s>banes1 ,ms4      
,dean1 ,mr4 ,rose ( ,new ,york1 ,ms4    
,wat]s1 ,mr4 ,rask91 ,mr4 ,visclosky1   
,ms4 ,wexton1 ,mr4 ,l[5?al1 ,mr4        
,panetta1 ,ms4 ,spanb]g]1 ,mr4 ,g>am5di1
 ,ms4 ,craig1 ,mr4 ,g>ca ( ,ill9ois1    
,ms4 ,wild1 ,mr4 ,mal9[ski1 ,ms4 ,moore1
 ,mr4 ,ca/5 ( ,ill9ois1 ,ms4 ,om>1 ,mrs4
 ,kirkpatrick1 ,mr4 ,h>d] ( ,cali=nia1  
,mr4 ,huffman1 ,mr4 ,phillips1 ,mr4     
,de,fazio1 ,mr4 ,de,saulnier1 ,ms4      
,matsui1 ,mr4 ,lujn1 ,mr4 ,price ( ,nor?
 ,c>ol9a1 ,ms4 ,slotk91 ,mr4 ,cleav]1   
,mrs4 ,mc,bath1 ,mr4 ,hors=d1 ,mr4      
,k5n$y1 ,mr4 ,norcross1 ,mr4 ,morelle1  

,ms4 ,blunt ,ro*e/]1 ,mr4 ,jeffries1    
,ms4 ,und]wood1 ,mr4 ,mc,eachin1 & ,mr4 
,neguse  ,octob] #ca1 #bjai ,committ$ to
 ! ,committee ( ! ,:ole ,h\se on ! ,/ate
 ( ! ,union & ord]$ to be pr9t$  ,a     
,,bill  ,to am5d section #bdi ( title   
#ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 to specify    
lyn*+ z a hate crime act4  #a4 ,%ort    
title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,emmett 
,till ,antilyn*+ ,act4  #b4 ,f9d+s      
,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,9 ! #bj?
 c5tury lyn*+ occurr$ mo/ly 9 s\!rn     
,/ates by ,:ite s\!rn]s aga9/ ,black    
s\!rn]s4  7#b7 ,9 #ahib1 ! ,tuskegee    
,in/itute began to record /ati/ics (    
lyn*+s & report$ t #d1gdb report$ lyn*+s
 _h tak5 place by #aifh1 ( :i* #c1dde ( 
! victims 7 ,black4  7#c7 ,mo/ ( !      
lyn*+s t occurr$ 9 ! ,s\? 7 mass moblike
 lyn*+s4  7#d7 ,mass moblike lyn*+s 7   
b>b>ic by nature *>act]iz$ by memb]s ( !
 mob1 mo/ly ,:ite s\!rn]s1 %oot+1 burn+1
 & mutilat+ ! victim's body1 alive4     
7#e7 ,9 ,anatomy ( a ,lyn*+3 ,! ,kill+ (
 ,claude ,neal1 community pap]s readily 

adv]tis$ mob lyn*+s1 z evid5c$ by a     
,florida local pap] headl9e3 ,florida to
 ,burn ,negro at ,/ake3 ,sex ,crim9al   
,seiz$ f ,brewton ,jail1 ,w be          
,mutilat$1 ,set ,afire 9 ,extra-,legal  
,v5geance = ,de$4  7#f7 ,civil rights   
gr\ps docum5t$ & pres5t$ ,congress      
evid5ce ( vigilante moblike lyn*+s4     
7#g7 ,evid5ce by ,,naacp inve/igator    
,h[>d ,ke/] docum5t$ ! extreme brutality
 ( ^! lyn*+s4 ,an exc]pt f ,anatomy ( a 
,lyn*+ fur!r illu/rates ?is po9t3 ,aft] 
tak+ ! nigg] to ! woods ab\t f\r miles f
 ,gre5wood1 !y cut (f 8 p5is4 ,he 0 made
 to eat x4 ,!n !y cut (f 8 te/icles &   
made him eat !m & say he lik$ x4  7#h7  
,_m civil rights gr\ps1 notably !       
,anti-,lyn*+ ,crusad]s1 also kn[n z !   
,,alc1 op]at+ "u ! umbrella ( ! ,,naacp1
 made num]\s reque/s to ,congress to    
make lyn*+ a ,f$]al crime4  7#i7        
,congressman ,george ,h5ry ,:ite1 an    
,african ,am]ican1 introduc$ ! fir/     
,f$]al antilyn*+ bill & subsequ5tly     
ne>ly #bjj antilyn*+ bills 7 introduc$ 9

 ! ,congress dur+ ! fir/ half ( ! #bj?  
c5tury4  7#aj7 ,betwe5 #ahij & #aieb1   
sev5 ,presid5ts petition$ ,congress to  
end lyn*+4  7#aa7 ,betwe5 #aibj & #aidj1
 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives pass$ ?ree   
/rong antilyn*+ measures1 ( :i*         
,congress came close/ to enact+         
antilyn*+ legislation sponsor$ by       
,congressman ,leonidas ,c4 ,dy] 9 #aibb4
  7#ab7 ,on all ?ree occasions1 oppon5ts
 ( antilyn*+ legislation1 argu$ ,/ates' 
rights & us$ ! filibu/]1 or ! ?reat ( x1
 to block ! ,s5ate f vot+ on ! measures4
  7#ac7 ,! enactm5t ( ! ,civil ,rights  
,act ( #aifh 0 ! close/ ,congress ev]   
came 9 ! po/-,recon/ruction era to      
enact+ antilyn*+ legislation4  7#ad7 ,9 
#bjje1 ! ,s5ate pass$ a resolution1     
sponsor$ by ,s5ators ,m>y ,l&rieu &     
,george ,all51 apologiz+ = ! ,s5ate's   
failure to enact antilyn*+ legislation z
 a ,f$]al crime1 ) ,s5ator ,l&rieu say+1
 ,!re may be no o!r inju/ice 9 ,am]ican 
hi/ory = :i* ! ,s5ate s uniquely be>s   
responsibility4  7#ae7 ,to heal pa/ &   

pres5t racial inju/ice1 ,congress mu/   
make lyn*+ a ,f$]al crime s our ,nation 
c beg9 reconciliation4  #c4 ,specify+   
lyn*+ z a hate crime act ,section       
#bdi7;a7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates     
,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by r$esignat+    
p>agraph 7#d7 z p>agraph 7#e72 &  7#b7  
by ins]t+ aft] p>agraph 7#c7 ! foll[+3  
7#d7 ,(f5ses involv+ lyn*+ ,:oev]1 :e!r 
or n act+ "u color ( law1 willfully1    
act+ z "p ( any collection ( p1 assembl$
 = ! purpose & ) ! int5tion ( committ+  
an act ( viol5ce ^u any p]son1 causes   
dea? to any p]son1 %all be imprison$ =  
any t]m ( ye>s or = life1 f9$ "u ?is    
title1 or bo?4  4  ,octob] #ca1 #bjai   
,committ$ to ! ,committee ( ! ,:ole     
,h\se on ! ,/ate ( ! ,union & ord]$ to  
be pr9t$