,,iv #aaf? ,,congress #b;d ,session ,h4 ,,con4 ,,res4 #hc ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,janu>y #h1 #bjbj,ms4 ,slotk9 7= h]self1 ,mr4 ,gre5 ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,cisn]os1 ,mr4 ,gallego1 ,mr4 ,b]a1 ,mr4 ,connolly1 ,mr4 ,clay1 ,mr4 ,allr$1 ,mr4 ,l>s5 ( ,wa%+ton1 ,ms4 ,spanb]g]1 ,mr4 ,tonko1 ,mr4 ,ha/+s1 ,mr4 ,johnson ( ,georgia1 ,mrs4 ,watson ,coleman1 ,ms4 ,spei]1 ,mr4 ,higg9s ( ,new ,york1 ,ms4 ,adams1 ,ms4 ,h\lahan1 ,ms4 ,om>1 ,mr4 ,l>son ( ,connecticut1 ,mr4 ,br[n ( ,m>yl&1 ,mr4 ,espaillat1 ,mr4 ,deut*1 ,mr4 ,engel1 ,mr4 ,t$ ,lieu ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,g>am5di1 ,mr4 ,cox ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,takano1 ,ms4 ,escob>1 ,ms4 ,b>ragn1 ,mr4 ,lev9 ( ,cali=nia1 ,ms4 ,ca/or ( ,florida1 ,mr4 ,ca/ro ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,crd5as1 ,mr4 ,sires1 ,ms4 ,wild1 ,ms4 ,g>cia ( ,texas1 ,miss ,rice ( ,new ,york1 ,mr4 ,langev91 ,ms4 ,sn*ez1 ,mr4 ,s]rano1 ,mr4 ,keat+1 ,ms4 ,haal&1 ,mr4 ,cr[1 ,ms4 ,velzquez1 ,mr4 ,s*rad]1 ,mr4 ,bey]1 ,ms4 ,br[nley ( ,cali=nia1 ,ms4 ,wilson ( ,florida1 ,ms4 ,%]rill1 ,mr4 ,soto1 ,ms4 ,p+ree1 ,mr4 ,?ompson ( ,cali=nia1 ,ms4 ,kaptur1 ,mr4 ,mal9[ski1 ,ms4 ,wexton1 ,mr4 ,kildee1 ,mrs4 ,d+ell1 ,mr4 ,coop]1 ,ms4 ,e%oo1 ,ms4 ,de,lauro1 ,mr4 ,morelle1 ,mr4 ,s*iff1 ,mr4 ,danny ,k4 ,davis ( ,ill9ois1 ,ms4 ,wat]s1 ,mr4 ,c>twright1 ,ms4 ,jackson ,lee1 ,mr4 ,y>mu?1 ,mr4 ,pascrell1 ,mr4 ,l[5?al1 ,mr4 ,m\lton1 ,mr4 ,himes1 ,mrs4 ,napolitano1 ,mr4 ,kilm]1 ,mr4 ,wel*1 ,ms4 ,norton1 ,ms4 ,pressley1 ,mr4 ,rupp]sb]g]1 ,mr4 ,mc,eachin1 ,ms4 ,matsui1 ,ms4 ,gabb>d1 ,mr4 ,trone1 ,mr4 ,lewis1 ,mr4 ,ca/5 ( ,ill9ois1 ,mr4 ,meeks1 ,mr4 ,coh51 ,mr4 ,k5n$y1 ,mrs4 ,c>olyn ,b4 ,maloney ( ,new ,york1 ,mr4 ,ryan1 ,mr4 ,lujn1 ,mr4 ,k9d1 ,ms4 ,scanlon1 ,ms4 ,del,bene1 ,mr4 ,visclosky1 ,ms4 ,port]1 ,mr4 ,case1 ,mr4 ,panetta1 ,mr4 ,h>d] ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,correa1 ,mr4 ,neal1 ,ms4 ,mc,collum1 ,mr4 ,suozzi1 ,ms4 ,ku/] ( ,new ,hamp%ire1 ,mr4 ,pappas1 ,ms4 ,%alala1 ,mr4 ,price ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 ,mr4 ,huffman1 ,mrs4 ,davis ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,khanna1 ,mr4 ,cleav]1 ,ms4 ,frankel1 ,ms4 ,m5g1 ,mr4 ,norcross1 ,mr4 ,grijalva1 ,ms4 ,johnson ( ,texas1 ,ms4 ,de,gette1 ,mr4 ,neguse1 ,mr4 ,bi%op ( ,georgia1 ,ms4 ,roybal-,all>d1 ,mr4 ,/anton1 ,mr4 ,g>ca ( ,ill9ois1 ,mr4 ,jeffries1 ,mr4 ,butt]field1 ,mr4 ,de,fazio1 ,mrs4 ,trahan1 ,ms4 ,blunt ,ro*e/]1 ,mr4 ,scott ( ,virg9ia1 ,mr4 ,s*neid]1 ,mr4 ,pocan1 ,mr4 ,cicill9e1 ,ms4 ,lee ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,c>son ( ,indiana1 ,mr4 ,br5dan ,f4 ,boyle ( ,p5nsylvania1 ,mrs4 ,l[ey1 & ,ms4 ,jayapal7 submitt$ ! foll[+ concurr5t resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs ,,concurr5t ,,resolution ,direct+ ! ,presid5t pursuant to section #e7;c7 ( ! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution to t]m9ate ! use ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to engage 9 ho/ilities 9 or aga9/ ,iran4 #a4 ,t]m9ation ( use ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to engage 9 ho/ilities 9 or aga9/ ,iran 7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress makes ! foll[+ f9d+s3 7#a7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,iran is a lead+ /ate sponsor ( t]rorism & engages 9 a range ( de/abiliz+ activities across ! ,middle ,ea/4 ,iranian ,g5]al ,qassem ,soleimani 0 ! lead ar*itect ( mu* ( ,iran's de/abiliz+ activities ?r\gh\t ! _w4 7#b7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates has an inh]5t "r to self-def5se aga9/ imm95t arm$ attacks4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ma9ta9s ! "r to ensure ! safety ( diplomatic p]sonnel s]v+ abroad4 7#c7 ,9 matt]s ( imm95t arm$ attacks1 ! executive bran* %\ld indicate to ,congress :y milit>y action 0 necess>y )9 a c]ta9 w9d[ ( opportunity1 ! possible h>m t miss+ ! w9d[ w\ld cause1 & :y ! action 0 likely to prev5t future disa/r\s attacks aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#d7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates has national int]e/s 9 pres]v+ its p>tn]%ip ) ,iraq & o!r c\ntries 9 ! region1 includ+ by-- 7,a7 combat+ t]rori/s1 includ+ ! ,islamic ,/ate ( ,iraq & ,syria 7,,isis72 7,b7 prev5t+ ,iran f a*iev+ a nucle> weapons capability2 & 7,c7 support+ ! p ( ,iraq1 ,iran1 & o!r c\ntries ?r\gh\t ! ,middle ,ea/ :o dem& an end to gov]nm5t corruption & violations ( basic human rights4 7#e7 ,ov] ! pa/ eight mon?s1 9 response to ris+ t5sions ) ,iran1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates has introduc$ ov] #ae1jjj additional =ces into ! ,middle ,ea/4 ,! kill+ ( ,iranian ,g5]al ,qassem ,soleimani1 z well z ,iran's balli/ic missile attack on ,iraqi bases1 risks significant escalation 9 ho/ilities betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,iran4 7#f7 ,:5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates uses milit>y =ce1 ! ,am]ican p & memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces des]ve a cr$ible explanation reg>d+ su* use ( milit>y =ce4 7#g7 ,! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #aeda et seq47 requires ! ,presid5t to consult ) ,congress 9 e possible in/ance be=e introduc+ ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces into ho/ilities4 7#h7 ,congress has n au?oriz$ ! ,presid5t to use milit>y =ce aga9/ ,iran4 7b7 ,t]m9ation ,pursuant to section #e7;c7 ( ! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #aedd7;c771 ,congress h]eby directs ! ,presid5t to t]m9ate ! use ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to engage 9 ho/ilities 9 or aga9/ ,iran or any "p ( its gov]nm5t or milit>y1 unless-- 7#a7 ,congress has decl>$ w> or enact$ specific /atutory au?orization = su* use ( ! ,arm$ ,=ces2 or 7#b7 su* use ( ! ,arm$ ,=ces is necess>y & appropriate to def5d aga9/ an imm95t arm$ attack ^u ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 its t]ritories or possessions1 or its ,arm$ ,=ces1 consi/5t ) ! requirem5ts ( ! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution4 7c7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is section may be con/ru$-- 7#a7 to prev5t ! ,presid5t f us+ milit>y =ce aga9/ al ,qa$a or associat$ =ces2 7#b7 to limit ! obligations ( ! executive bran* set =? 9 ! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #aeda et seq472 7#c7 to affect ! provisions ( an ,act or jo9t resolution ( ,congress specifically au?oriz+ ! use ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces to engage 9 ho/ilities aga9/ ,iran or any "p ( its gov]nm5t or milit>y t is enact$ aft] ! date ( ! adoption ( ?is concurr5t resolution2 7#d7 to prev5t ! use ( necess>y & appropriate milit>y =ce to def5d ,unit$ ,/ates allies & p>tn]s if au?oriz$ by ,congress consi/5t ) ! requirem5ts ( ! ,w> ,p[]s ,resolution2 or 7#e7 to au?orize ! use ( milit>y =ce4