,,iii  #aae? ,,congress  #a/ ,session   
,s4 ,,res4 #aee  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!
 ,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,may #d1 #bjag ,mr4   
,c>d9 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,m55dez1 ,mrs4   
,%ahe51 ,mr4 ,coons1 ,mr4 ,udall1 ,mr4  
,murphy1 ,mr4 ,ka9e1 ,mr4 ,m>key1 ,mr4  
,m]kley1 & ,mr4 ,book]7 submitt$ !      
foll[+ resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to !    
,committee on ,=eign ,relations         
,,resolution  ,express+ ! s5se ( !      
,s5ate t ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld "w 9      
coop]ation ) ! int]national community & 
cont9ue to ex]cise global lead]%ip to   
address ! causes & effects ( climate    
*ange1 & = o!r purposes4  ,:]eas !      
cons5sus among climatologi/s & sci5ti/s 
/udy+ ! effects ( atmosph]ic *ange1     
includ+ ! ,int]gov]nm5tal ,panel on     
,climate ,*ange1 ! ,national ,academy ( 
,sci5ce1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,geological    
,survey1 ! ,national ,oceanic &         
,atmosph]ic ,adm9i/ration1 ! ,national  
,a]onautics & ,space ,adm9i/ration1 &   
o!r ag5cies )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,global  
,*ange ,rese>* ,program1 h det]m9$ t !  

impact ( climate *ange w include        
widespread effects on heal? & welf>e1   
includ+ increas$ outbreaks f wat]borne  
diseases1 m dr\ghts1 dim9i%$            
agricultural production1 sev]e /orms &  
floods1 heat waves1 wildfires1 & a      
sub/antial rise 9 global sea levels2    
,:]eas ! objective ( ! #aiib ,unit$     
,nations ,framework ,conv5tion on       
,climate ,*ange 7,,unfccc7 is to        
/abilize gre5h\se gas conc5trations 9 ! 
atmosph]e at a level t w prev5t dang]\s 
human int]f]5ce ) ! climate sy/em2      
,:]eas1 "u ! ,,unfccc1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
is obligat$ to report its progress on   
r$uc+ emissions2 ,:]eas ! ,s5ate provid$
 its advice & cons5t to ! ,,unfccc by   
division1 ) two-?irds ( ,s5ators pres5t 
vot+ 9 ! affirmative1 on ,octob] #g1    
#aiib2 ,:]eas1 9 #bjaa1 at ! #ag?       
,conf]5ce ( ! ,p>ties 7,,cop #ag7 to !  
,,unfccc 9 ,durban1 ,s\? ,africa1 p>ties
 agre$ to negotiate an agreem5t by ! end
 ( #bjae to r$uce emissions 9 !         
po/-#bjbj p]iod2 ,:]eas ! ,,unfccc calls

 on p>ties to submit int5d$ nationally  
det]m9$ contributions outl9+ volunt>y   
individual t>gets = emissions r$uctions 
by ! "t p>ties conv5$ 9 ,p>is on        
,novemb] #cj1 #bjae1 = ! #ba/ ,conf]5ce 
( ! ,p>ties 7,,cop #ba7 to ! ,,unfccc2  
,:]eas1 prior to complet+ ! multilat]al 
,p>is ,agreem5t on int]national         
coop]ation to address climate *ange1    
done at ,p>is ,decemb] #ab1 #bjae1 #ahg 
nations1 repres5t+ m ?an #ig p]c5t (    
global gre5h\se gas emissions1          
volunt>ily submitt$ nationally det]m9$  
goals & plans to r$uce _! gre5h\se gas  
pollution2 ,:]eas indep5d5t analyses by 
! ,national ,oceanic & ,atmosph]ic      
,adm9i/ration & ! ,national ,a]onautics 
& ,space ,adm9i/ration confirm$ t #bjaf 
0 ! w>me/ ye> on record1 mak+ #bjae !   
second w>me/ ye> on record & #bjad !    
?ird w>me/ ye> on record1 cont9u+ a #ce 
ye>-long w>m+ tr5d ) #af ( ! #ag w>me/  
ye>s on record occurr+ s9ce #bjja2      
,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,/ates-,*9a ,jo9t       
,ann\ncem5t on ,climate ,*ange (        

,novemb] #bjad includ$ a ,unit$ ,/ates  
goal to r$uce its emissions by #bf-bh   
p]c5t bel[ #bjje levels by #bjbe & a    
,*9ese goal to peak emissions output by 
#bjcj & increase ! use ( non-fossil     
fuels to #bj p]c5t ( its ov]all en]gy   
portfolio by #bjcj2 ,:]eas1 "u ! ,unit$ 
,/ates-,india ,jo9t ,ann\ncem5t on      
,climate & ,clean ,en]gy ( ,janu>y      
#bjae1 ! two c\ntries pl$g$ to increase 
coop]ation on clean en]gy f9anc+ &      
developm5t & ,india committ$ to phase   
out use ( hydr(luoroc>bons & increase   
promotion ( en]gy effici5cy tools &     
reaffirm$ its commitm5t to add #ajj     
gigawatts ( sol> capacity by #bjbb2     
,:]eas small isl& /ates1 ^: p are among 
! mo/ vuln]able to climate *ange1 are   
?reat5$ ) p>tial or virtually total     
inundation by imm95t rises 9 sea level &
 increas$ int5sity & frequ5cy ( /orms2  
,:]eas global gre5h\se gas emissions h  
rema9$ level = ! pa/ ?ree ye>s1 ev5 :ile
 global ,gross ,dome/ic ,product 7,,gdp7
 has gr[n2 ,:]eas ,unit$ ,/ates         

int]national lead]%ip on ! global /age  
?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,nations ,framework    
,conv5tion on ,climate ,*ange's #ba/    
,conf]5ce ( ,p>ties process result$ 9   
unprec$5t$ int]national coop]ation &    
engagem5t on ! developm5t ( ! ,p>is     
,agreem5t2 ,:]eas ! ,p>is ,agreem5t     
receiv$ cons5sus approval f ! m ?an #aij
 delegates to ! ,unit$ ,nations         
,framework ,conv5tion on ,climate       
,*ange's #ba/ ,conf]5ce ( ,p>ties2      
,:]eas ! ,p>is ,agreem5t rea*$ its      
?re%olds = entry into =ce fa/] ?an any  
o!r multilat]al int]national agreem5t ( 
comp>able size & scope2 ,:]eas1 z ( !   
date ( introduction ( ?is resolution1   
#abg ( ! #aig p>ties to ! ,p>is         
,agreem5t1 repres5t+ #ha4d p]c5t (      
global gre5h\se gas emissions1 h        
(ficially jo9$ ! agreem5t1 demon/rat+ ! 
urg5cy & importance ! global community  
places on address+ climate *ange2 ,:]eas
 ! co/ ( inaction on climate *ange w h  
deva/at+ impacts to ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
economy1 co/+ billions ( doll>s 9 lo/   

,,gdp2 ,:]eas extreme wea!r1 int5sifi$  
by climate *ange1 has already co/ ,unit$
 ,/ates taxpay]s billions ( doll>s ea*  
ye> 9 recov]y ef=ts1 & w cont9ue to     
increase if climate *ange is left       
unaddress$2 ,:]eas decreas$ ,,gdp &     
increas$ co/s ( infra/ructure repairs & 
o!r recov]y ef=ts w significantly       
increase budget deficits & und]m9e !    
fiscal /ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2      
,:]eas climate *ange w h deva/at+ public
 heal? implications1 includ+ increas$   
rates ( a/hma & o!r respiratory         
diseases1 especially 9 vuln]able        
populations l *ildr5 & l[-income        
communities1 ! spread ( infecti\s       
diseases1 risks to food & wat] supplies1
 & increas$ premature dea?s2 ,:]eas !   
emissions r$uctions pl$g$ by ! ,unit$   
,/ates "u ! ,p>is ,agreem5t may save    
ne>ly #cjj1jjj lives 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
by #bjcj z a result ( positive heal?    
outcomes correspond+ to l[] air         
pollution2 ,:]eas /udies conduct$ by !  
,,nasa ,e>? ,obs]vatory det]m9$ t z !   

oceans h w>m$1 pol> ice has melt$ &     
por\s l&masses h subsid$1 global mean   
sea level has ris5 by #h in*es 7#bj     
c5timet]s7 s9ce #ahgj1 & ! rate ( sea   
level rise is fa/] n[ ?an at any "t 9 ! 
pa/ #b1jjj ye>s1 hav+ d\bl$ 9 ! pa/ two 
decades1 putt+ #ee to #fj p]c5t ( ,unit$
 ,/ates citiz5s :o live 9 c\nties t\*+ !
 ,atlantic or ,pacific ,ocean1 ! ,gulf (
 ,mexico1 or ! ,great ,lakes at risk f !
 effects ( sea level rise2 ,:]eas !     
,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se has id5tifi$ climate
 *ange z a ?reat multipli] t w increase 
global in/ability & conflict ) !        
pot5tial to increase t]rorism2 ,:]eas ! 
#bjad ,quadr5nial ,def5se ,review /ates 
t the impacts ( climate *ange may       
increase ! frequ5cy1 scale1 & complexity
 ( future missions1 includ+ def5se      
support to civil au?orities1 :ile at !  
same "t und]m9+ ! capacity ( our dome/ic
 in/allations to support tra9+          
activities1 & notes t--  7#a7 climate   
*ange may exac]bate wat] sc>city & lead 
to %>p increases 9 food co/s2  7#b7 !   

pressures caus$ by climate *ange w      
influ5ce res\rce competition :ile plac+ 
additional burd5s on economies1         
societies1 & gov]nance in/itutions ar\nd
 ! _w2 &  7#c7 ^! effects are ?reat     
multipli]s t w aggravate /ressors abroad
 su* z pov]ty1 environm5tal degradation1
 political in/ability1 & social         
t5sions--conditions t c enable t]rori/  
activity & o!r =ms ( viol5ce2  ,:]eas ! 
,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se report1 ,national   
,security ,implications (               
,climate-,relat$ ,risks & a ,*ang+      
,climate--  7#a7 /ates t global climate 
*ange w h wide-rang+ implications =     
,unit$ ,/ates national security int]e/s 
ov] ! =eseeable future because x w      
aggravate exi/+ problems1 su* z pov]ty1 
social t5sions1 environm5tal            
degradation1 ineffectual lead]%ip1 &    
weak political in/itutions1 t ?reat5    
dome/ic /ability 9 a numb] ( c\ntries2 &
  7#b7 id5tifies f\r g5]al areas (      
climate-relat$ risks3 p]si/5tly recurr+ 
conditions su* z flood+1 dr\ght1 & high]

 temp]atures2 m frequ5t & m sev]e       
extreme wea!r ev5ts2 sea level rise &   
temp]ature *anges2 & decreases 9 ,arctic
 ice cov]1 type1 & ?ickness2  ,:]eas !  
,director ( ,national ,intellig5ce's    
#bjag ,global ,tr5ds ,report det]m9$ t--
 7#a7 *anges 9 ! climate w produce m    
extreme wea!r ev5ts & put great] /ress  
on humans & critical sy/ems1 includ+    
oceans1 fre%wat]1 & biodiv]sity2  7#b7  
^! *anges1 9 turn1 w h direct & indirect
 social1 economic1 political1 & security
 effects2 &  7#c7 extreme wea!r c trigg]
 crop failures1 wildfires1 en]gy        
black\ts1 infra/ructure breakd[n1 supply
 *a9 breakd[ns1 migration1 & infecti\s  
disease outbreaks1 & w be m pron\nc$ z p
 conc5trate 9 climate vuln]able         
locations1 su* z cities1 coa/al areas1 &
 wat]-/ress$ regions2  ,:]eas !         
,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture has det]m9$ t  
climate *ange is likely to dim9i%       
cont9u$ progress on global food security
 ?r\gh production disruptions t lead to 
local availability limitations & price  

increases1 int]rupt$ transport conduits1
 & dim9i%$ food safety1 among o!r       
causes2 ,:]eas1 accord+ to ! ,_w ,bank1 
#a1fjj1jjj1jjj p curr5tly live 9        
c\ntries & regions ) absolute wat]      
sc>city & ! numb] is expect$ to rise to 
#b1hjj1jjj1jjj p by #bjbe due to !      
effects ( climate *ange2 ,:]eas !       
transition to a clean en]gy economy is  
feasible ) exi/+ te*nology2 ,:]eas !    
transition to clean en]gy w create      
millions ( jobs2 ,:]eas ! transition to 
clean en]gy w increase ,unit$ ,/ates    
,,gdp & increase h\sehold income2 ,:]eas
 ! transition to clean en]gy w save     
billions ( doll>s 9 avoid$ heal? co/s2  
,:]eas ! transition to clean en]gy w    
save lives & improve public heal?2      
,:]eas ! transition to clean en]gy w l[]
 en]gy co/s = bus9esses & consum]s2     
,:]eas ! transition to clean en]gy w    
unlock billions ( doll>s 9 private      
inve/m5t2 & ,:]eas1 m ?an half ( all    
electrical g5]at+ capacity add$ 9 ! _w  
la/ ye> 0 r5ewable3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x  ,t

 x is ! s5se ( ! ,s5ate t ! ,unit$      
,/ates %\ld-- 7#a7 "w 9 coop]ation ) !  
int]national community & cont9ue to     
ex]cise global lead]%ip 9 our %>$       
responsibilities1 includ+ hold+ p>ties  
acc\ntable = meet+ _! commitm5ts1 &     
address ! causes & effects ( climate    
*ange2  7#b7 rema9 p>ty to ! ,p>is      
,agreem5t & ! ,,unfccc2  7#c7 cont9ue   
demon/rat+ /rong lead]%ip 9 implem5t+ ! 
,p>is ,agreem5t2  7#d7 ensure t !       
developm5t ( ! policies & proc$ures     
prescrib$ by ! ,p>is ,agreem5t a*ieve   
maximum b5efits = ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 &    
7#e7 implem5t its commitm5ts "u ! ,p>is 
,agreem5t & ! ,,unfccc4