,,ii #aaeth ,,congress #ast ,session ,s4 #dih ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,march #b1 #bjag,mr4 ,wyden 7for himself and ,mr4 ,peters7 introduced the following bill2 which was read twice and referred to the ,committee on ,armed ,services ,a ,,bill ,to amend title #aj1 ,united ,states ,code1 to require the ,secretary of ,defense to use only human-based methods for training members of the ,armed ,forces in the treatment of severe combat injuries1 and for other purposes4 #a4 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the ,battlefield ,excellence through ,superior ,training ,practices ,act or the ,,best ,practices ,act4 #b4 ,findings ,congress makes the following findings3 7#a7 ,the ,department of ,defense has made impressive strides in the development and use of methods of medical training and troop protection1 such as the use of tourniquets and improvements in body armor1 that have led to decreased battlefield fatalities4 7#b7 ,the ,department of ,defense uses more than #h1ejj live animals each year to train physicians1 medics1 corpsmen1 and other personnel methods of responding to severe battlefield injuries4 7#c7 ,the civilian sector has almost exclusively phased in the use of superior human-based training methods for numerous medical procedures currently taught in military courses using animals4 7#d7 ,human-based medical training methods such as simulators replicate human anatomy and can allow for repetitive practice and data collection4 7#e7 ,according to scientific1 peer-reviewed literature1 medical simulation increases patient safety and decreases errors by healthcare providers4 7#f7 ,the ,army ,research1 ,development and ,engineering ,command and other entities of the ,department of ,defense have taken significant steps to develop methods to replace live animal-based training4 7#g7 ,according to the report by the ,department of ,defense titled ,final ,report on the use of ,live ,animals in ,medical ,education and ,training ,joint ,analysis ,team1 published on ,july #ab1 #bjji-- 7,a7 validated1 high-fidelity simulators were to have been available for nearly every high-volume or high-value battlefield medical procedure by the end of #bjaa1 and many were available as of #bjji2 and 7,b7 validated1 high-fidelity simulators were to have been available to teach all other procedures to respond to common battlefield injuries by #bjad4 7#h7 ,the ,center for ,sustainment of ,trauma and ,readiness ,skills of the ,air ,force exclusively uses human-based training methods in its courses and does not use animals4 7#i7 ,in #bjac1 the ,army instituted a policy forbidding non-medical personnel from participating in training courses involving the use of animals4 7#aj7 ,in #bjac1 the medical school of the ,department of ,defense1 part of the ,uniformed ,services ,university of the ,health ,sciences1 replaced animal use within its medical student curriculum4 7#aa7 ,the ,coast ,guard announced in #bjad that it would reduce by half the number of animals it uses for combat trauma training courses but stated that animals would continue to be used in courses designed for ,department of ,defense personnel4 7#ab7 ,effective ,january #a1 #bjae1 the ,department of ,defense replaced animal use in six areas of medical training1 including ,advanced ,trauma ,life ,support courses and the development and maintenance of surgical and critical care skills for field operational surgery and field assessment and skills tests for international students offered at the ,defense ,institute of ,medical ,operations4 #c4 ,requirement to use human-based methods for certain medical training 7a7 ,in general ,chapter #aja of title #aj1 ,united ,states ,code1 is amended by adding at the end the following new section3 #bjag4 ,use of human-based methods for certain medical training 7a7 ,combat trauma injuries 7#a7 ,not later than ,october #a1 #bjbj1 the ,secretary of ,defense shall develop1 test1 and validate human-based training methods for the purpose of training members of the armed forces in the treatment of combat trauma injuries with the goal of replacing live animal-based training methods4 7#b7 ,not later than ,october #a1 #bjbb1 the ,secretary-- 7,a7 shall only use human-based training methods for the purpose of training members of the armed forces in the treatment of combat trauma injuries2 and 7,b7 may not use animals for such purpose4 7b7 ,exception for particular commands and training methods 7#a7 ,the ,secretary may exempt a particular command1 particular training method1 or both1 from the requirement for human-based training methods under subsection 7a77#b7 if the ,secretary determines that human-based training methods will not provide an educationally equivalent or superior substitute for live animal-based training methods for such command or training method1 as the case may be4 7#b7 ,any exemption under this subsection shall be for such period1 not more than one year1 as the ,secretary shall specify in granting the exemption4 ,any exemption may be renewed 7subject to the preceding sentence74 7c7 ,annual reports 7#a7 ,not later than ,october #a1 #bjah1 and each year thereafter1 the ,secretary shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report on the development and implementation of human-based training methods for the purpose of training members of the armed forces in the treatment of combat trauma injuries under this section4 7#b7 ,each report under this subsection on or after ,october #a1 #bjbb1 shall include a description of any exemption under subsection 7b7 that is in force at the time of such report1 and a current justification for such exemption4 7d7 ,definitions ,in this section3 7#a7 ,the term combat trauma injuries means severe injuries likely to occur during combat1 including-- 7,a7 hemorrhage2 7,b7 tension pneumothorax2 7,c7 amputation resulting from blast injury2 7,d7 compromises to the airway2 and 7,e7 other injuries4 7#b7 ,the term human-based training methods means1 with respect to training individuals in medical treatment1 the use of systems and devices that do not use animals1 including-- 7,a7 simulators2 7,b7 partial task trainers2 7,c7 moulage2 7,d7 simulated combat environments2 7,e7 human cadavers2 and 7,f7 rotations in civilian and military trauma centers4 7#c7 ,the term partial task trainers means training aids that allow individuals to learn or practice specific medical procedures4 4 7b7 ,clerical amendment ,the table of sections at the beginning of chapter #aja of such title is amended by adding at the end the following new item3 #bjag4 ,use of human-based methods for certain medical training4 4