,,ii #aae? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,s4 #bbej ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,decemb] #ai1 #bjag ,ms4 ,duckwor? 7= h]self1 ,ms4 ,hirono1 ,mr4 ,blum5?al1 ,mr4 ,s*atz1 ,mr4 ,book]1 & ,mrs4 ,fe9/e97 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y ,a ,,bill ,to ensure due process protections ( individuals 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates aga9/ unlawful det5tion bas$ solely on a protect$ *>act]i/ic4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,korematsu-,takai ,civil ,lib]ties ,protection ,act ( #bjag4 #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,on ,febru>y #ai1 #aidb1 ,presid5t ,frankl9 ,d4 ,roosevelt sign$ ,executive ,ord] #ijff 7#g ,f$4 ,reg4 #adjg2 relat+ to au?oriz+ ! ,secret>y ( ,w> to prescribe milit>y areas71 end[+ ! ,secret>y ( ,w> & ! designat$ milit>y comm&]s ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w> ) ! p[] to create milit>y zones & =cibly exclude p]sons z ! ,secret>y ( ,w> & ! designat$ milit>y comm&]s det]m9$ to be necess>y & desirable4 7#b7 ,on ,m>* #b1 #aidb1 milit>y comm&] ,lieut5ant ,g5]al ,john ,l4 ,de,witt promulgat$ ,public ,proclamation ,no4 #a1 :i* decl>$ t ! entire ,pacific ,coa/ 0 p>ticul>ly subject to attack1 to attempt$ invasion ''' &1 9 connection !re)1 0 subject to espionage & acts ( sabotage & t su* p]sons or classes ( p]sons z ! situation may require w by subsequ5t proclamation be exclud$ f all ( ,milit>y ,area ,no4 #a & ''' "s zones ''' )9 ,milit>y ,area ,no4 #b44 ,on t basis1 ,g5]al ,dewitt designat$ all ( ,cali=nia1 ! we/]n halves ( ,oregon & ,wa%+ton1 & ! s\!rn half ( ,arizona z ,milit>y ,area ,no4 #a4 7#c7 ,on ,m>* #ba1 #aidb1 ,presid5t ,roosevelt sign$ ! ,act ( ,m>* #ba1 #aidb 7#ef ,/at4 #agc1 *apt] #aia7 7commonly ref]r$ to z ,public ,law #ejc71 :i* /at$1 ,whoev] %all ent]1 rema9 91 leave1 or commit any act 9 any milit>y area or milit>y zone ''' %all ''' be guilty ''' & ^u conviction %all be liable to a f9e ''' or ''' imprisonm5t ''' or bo?4 '''4 7#d7 ,pursuant to ,executive ,ord] #ijff 7#g ,f$4 ,reg4 #adjg2 relat+ to au?oriz+ ! ,secret>y ( ,w> to prescribe milit>y areas71 ,public ,proclamation ,no4 #a1 & ,public ,law #ejc1 on ,m>* #bg1 #aidb1 ,g5]al ,de,witt issu$ ,civilian ,exclusion ,ord] ,no4 #cd1 mak+ x a crime = ,japanese ,am]icans to leave ,milit>y ,area ,no4 #a4 7#e7 ,on ,may #c1 #aidb1 "u ! au?ority ( ,civilian ,exclusion ,ord] ,no4 #cd1 ,g5]al ,de,witt issu$ ano!r milit>y ord] mak+ x a crime = ,japanese ,am]icans to rema9 9 ,milit>y ,area ,no4 #a & ord]+ ^? ,japanese ,am]icans into make-%ift det5tion c5t]s1 all[+ ^? individuals to take only t :i* !y c\ld c>ry4 7#f7 ,! ord] ( ,may #c1 #aidb1 creat$ an impossible pr$icam5t = ,japanese ,am]icans-- 7,a7 z ^? ord]s 7 diametrically contradictory because-- 7i7 simultane\sly1 ,japanese ,am]icans 7 made crim9als :e!r !y left _! homes or did n leave _! homes2 & 7ii7 ob$i5ce to "o "p ( ,public ,law #ejc w\ld necess>ily violate ! o!r2 & 7,b7 because ! only way t ,japanese ,am]icans c\ld avoid crim9al prosecution 0 to submit to indet]m9ate inc>c]ation 9 tempor>y det5tion camps ?r\gh :at 0 call$ an evacuation1 :i* 0 9 fact a mass r\ndup ( all individuals ( ,japanese ance/ry1 includ+ orphans1 babies1 ! ill1 & ! eld]ly4 7#g7 ,congress e/abli%$ ! ,commission on ,w>time ,relocation & ,int]nm5t ( ,civilians1 :i* lat] f\nd t1 ,decades ( discrim9ation aga9/ immigrants f ,japan & public ho/ility t[>d ,am]icans ( ,japanese desc5t fuel$ outrag$ %ock at ! ,pe>l ,h>bor attack44 7#h7 ,! ,febru>y #aidb recomm5dation ( ,g5]al ,de,witt said1 ,! ,japanese race is an enemy race & :ile _m second & ?ird g5]ation ,japanese born on ,am]ican soil1 possess$ ( ,unit$ ,/ates citiz5%ip1 h become ,am]icaniz$1 ! racial /ra9s are undilut$ ''' ,x !re=e1 foll[s t along ! vital ,pacific ,coa/ ov] #aab1jjj pot5tial enemies1 ( ,japanese extraction1 are at l>ge today ''' ,! v fact t no sabotage has tak5 place to date is a di/urb+ & confirm+ indication t su* action w be tak544 7#i7 ,by ! spr+ ( #aidc1 ,japanese ,am]icans 7 volunte]+ to s]ve 9 ! ,arm$ ,=ces ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & !re 0 gr[+ s5tim5t to all[ !m & _! families to return home4 ,! te/imony ( ,g5]al ,de,witt be=e a subcommittee ( ! ,committee on ,naval ,affairs ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives on ,april #ac1 #aidc1 highlight$ ! discrim9atory nature ( ! ord]s to evacuate1 relocate1 & inc>c]ate ,japanese ,am]icans4 ,hi/orians h quot$ ,g5]al ,de,witt z /at+1 ,a ,jap's a ,jap6 ''' ,x makes no diff]5ce :e!r he is an ,am]ican or n44 7#aj7 ,9 #aidb1 !re 7 #a1ajj1jjj nationals ( enemy nations 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 &1 ( ^? individuals1 few] ?an #d p]c5t 7 ,japanese nationals4 ,a curfew 0 enact$ t appli$ to nationals f ,g]many1 ,italy1 & ,japan4 ,am]ican citiz5s ( ,japanese ance/ry also _h to abide by ! curfew1 :]eas1 ,am]ican citiz5s ( ,g]man ance/ry & ,italian ance/ry did n4 7#aa7 ,individuals 7 =c$ to leave _! homes & livelihoods beh9d4 ,mo/ bank acc\nts 7 froz5 or confiscat$ z enemy assets4 ,p 7 all[$ to take :at !y c\ld c>ry1 exclud+ any item t ! ,gov]nm5t deem$ contrab&4 7#ab7 ,!re 7 #aj p]man5t inc>c]ation sites1 all ( :i* 7 9 isolat$ areas-- 7,a7 at ,gila ,riv]1 ,arizona2 7,b7 at ,po/on1 ,arizona2 7,c7 at ,j]ome1 ,arkansas2 7,d7 at ,rohw]1 ,arkansas2 7,e7 at ,manzan>1 ,cali=nia2 7,f7 at ,tule ,lake ,segregation ,c5t]1 ,cali=nia2 7,g7 at ,granada1 ,colorado 7commonly ref]r$ to z ,ama*e72 7,h7 at ,m9adoka1 ,idaho2 7,i7 at ,topaz1 ,utah2 & 7,j7 at ,he>t ,m\nta91 ,wyom+4 7#ac7 ,ea* inc>c]ation site held betwe5 #g1jjj & #ah1jjj individuals1 & a total ( approximately #abj1jjj ,japanese ,am]icans 7 ultimately deta9$4 7#ad7 ,"s ,japanese ,am]icans1 includ+ ,fr$ ,korematsu1 ,gordon ,hirabaya%i1 & ,m9oru ,yasui1 *all5g$ ! det5tion1 exclusion1 & curfew ord]s aim$ at ,japanese ,am]icans4 7#ae7 ,9 ,june #aidc1 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates unanim\sly decid$ ,hirabaya%i v4 ,unit$ ,/ates1 #cbj ,u4,s4 #ha 7#aidc71 & ! companion case ,yasui v4 ,unit$ ,/ates1 #cbj ,u4,s4 #aae 7#aidc74 ,9 ! ,hirabaya%i case1 ! ,supreme ,c\rt f\nd t bo? ! p[] delegat$ to ! milit>y to impose curfews & ! ,executive ord]s creat+ t p[] 7 con/itutional despite-- 7,a7 _! applications prim>ily to ,am]icans ( ,japanese ance/ry on ! basis ( ! p>ticul> racial *>act]i/ics ( ,am]icans ( ,japanese ance/ry2 & 7,b7 ! fact t ! ultimate result ( ! ord]s 0 imprisonm5t = an indef9ite p]iod ( conf9em5t t 0 impos$ )\t-- 7i7 ! "r to an attorney2 7ii7 ! "r to notice ( ! *>ges aga9/ ! individual be+ imprison$2 & 7iii7 ! "r to a trial4 7#af7 ,on ,decemb] #ah1 #aidd1 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 ! #f-c decision 9 ,korematsu v4 ,unit$ ,/ates1 #cbc ,u4,s4 #bad 7#aidd71 held t ! ord] requir+ exclusion ( p]sons ( ,japanese ance/ry f ,/ates on ! ,we/ ,coa/ 0 con/itutional4 ,! majority ( ! ,c\rt-- 7,a7 f\nd t ! ord] did n violate ! ,fif? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & 0 con/itutional z a milit>y necessity2 & 7,b7 cit$ ! racial *>act]i/ic ju/ification f ! ,hirabaya%i case to support ! decision 9 ! ,korematsu case4 7#ag7 ,! diss5t+ ,ju/ices 9 ! ,korematsu case po9t$ out ! blatant race-bas$ deprivation ( con/itutional rights caus$ by ! curfew & exclusion ord]s z foll[s3 7,a7 ,ju/ice ,jackson ackn[l$g$ ! def]5ce af=d$ to ! o!r bran*es ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t 9 times ( w> b argu$ t su* def]5ce %\ld n =ce ! ,c\rt to ratify or en=ce uncon/itutional ord]s4 ,ju/ice ,jackson not$ t ,fr$ ,korematsu %\ld be f\nd innoc5t1 z 8 guilt 0 bas$ only 9 t he 0 born ( diff]5t racial /ock4 7,b7 ,ju/ice ,murphy emphasiz$ t ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 n "u m>tial law & t su* exclusion goes ov] ! v br9k ( con/itutional p[]1 & falls into ! ugly abyss ( racism4 7,c7 ,ju/ice ,rob]ts explicitly ackn[l$g$ ! raci/ basis ( ! ord]s1 /at+ t the obvi\s purpose ( ! ord]s made1 tak5 toge!r1 0 to drive all citiz5s ( ,japanese ance/ry into ,assembly ,c5t]s )9 ! zones ( _! resid5ce1 "u pa9 ( crim9al prosecution44 ,ju/ice ,rob]ts also expla9$ ! cle> uncon/itutional basis ( ! ord]s1 po9t+ out t if a citiz5 0 con/ra9$ by two laws1 or two ord]s hav+ ! =ce ( law1 & ob$i5ce to "o w\ld violate ! o!r1 to puni% him = violation ( ei!r w\ld d5y him due process ( law44 7#ah7 ,! public1 ,congress1 & ! ,presid5t began ef=ts to address ! wrongs ( inc>c]ation & to provide r$ress = individuals :o _h be5 inc>c]at$4 7#ai7 ,9 #aiga1 ,congress repeal$ ! ,em]g5cy ,det5tion ,act ( #aiej1 approv$ ,septemb] #bc1 #aiej 7#fd ,/at4 #ajai71 :i* grant$ ! ,presid5t ! p[] to deta9 individuals )\t due process & e/abli% det5tion c5t]s1 ?r\gh ! passage ( ! ,act entitl$ ,an ,act to am5d title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 to prohibit ! e/abli%m5t ( det5tion camps1 & = o!r purposes1 approv$ ,septemb] #be1 #aiga 7#he ,/at4 #cdh7 7commonly ref]r$ to z ! ,non-,det5tion ,act ( #aiga74 ,s5ator ,daniel ,in\ye & ! ,japanese ,am]ican ,citiz5s' ,league l$ ef=ts to repeal ! ,em]g5cy ,det5tion ,act ( #aiej4 7#bj7 ,executive ,ord] #ijff 7#g ,f$4 ,reg4 #adjg2 relat+ to au?oriz+ ! ,secret>y ( ,w> to prescribe milit>y areas7 0 (ficially t]m9at$ on ,decemb] #ca1 #aigf1 by ,presid5t ,g]ald ,r4 ,=d ?r\gh ,presid5tial ,proclamation #ddag1 dat$ ,febru>y #ai1 #aigf 7#da ,f$4 ,reg4 #ggda74 ,presid5t ,=d condemn$ ,executive ,ord] #ijff z a national mi/ake1 ask+ ! public to affirm ! ,am]ican ,promise1 a promise to le>n f ! trag$y ( t long-ago exp]i5ce =ev] to treasure lib]ty & ju/ice = ea* individual ,am]ican1 & resolve t ?is k9d ( action %all nev] aga9 be repeat$44 7#ba7 ,9 #aihj1 ,congress e/abli%$ ! ,commission on ! ,w>time ,relocation & ,int]nm5t ( ,civilians4 ,aft] public he>+s ar\nd ! c\ntry & review ( all docum5tation ! ,commission 0 able to compile1 ! ,commission-- 7,a7 issu$ a report titl$ ,p]sonal ,ju/ice ,d5i$ ) recomm5dations on legislative rem$ies to address ! inc>c]ation2 & 7,b7 conclud$ t ! milit>y ord]s & subsequ5t curfew1 exclusion1 & det5tion 7 n bas$ on milit>y necessity b in/ead arose due to race prejudice1 w> hy/]ia & a failure ( political lead]%ip44 7#bb7 ,9 #aihc1 petitions = writs ( error coram nobis 7 fil$ 9 ,f$]al c\rts on behalf ( ,fr$ ,korematsu1 ,gordon ,hirabaya%i1 & ,m9oru ,yasui bas$ on ! discov]y ( secret intellig5ce reports & memor&a ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice1 ! ,f$]al ,bureau ( ,inve/igation1 ! ,f$]al ,communications ,commission1 ! ,navy1 & ! ,army categorically d5y+ t ,japanese ,am]icans _h committ$ any wrong & admitt+ t !re 0 no reason to inc>c]ate ,japanese ,am]icans4 ,lawy]s ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice :o 7 responsible = def5d+ ! ,gov]nm5t dur+ ! orig9al cases 9 #aidc & #aidd *>act]iz$ ! claims ( ! ,army t ,japanese ,am]icans 7 engag+ 9 espionage z int5tional falsehoods & *>act]iz$ ! ju/ification ( a milit>y necessity z a fabrication4 ,! lawy]s unsuccessfully plead$ ) ! ,solicitor ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ! "t ( ! ord]s1 ,*>les ,fahy1 to disclose to ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ^! intellig5ce reports1 /at+ t to )hold ! cont5ts ( ! reports w\ld approximate ! suppression ( evid5ce4 ,! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates has caution$ t writs ( coram nobis %\ld be grant$ only "u c]ta9 circum/ances compell+ su* action to a*ieve ju/ice & to correct errors ( ! mo/ fundam5tal "*4 7#bc7 ,betwe5 #aihc & #aihg1 ,f$]al c\rts grant$ petitions = writs ( coram nobis = ,fr$ ,korematsu & ,gordon ,hirabaya%i1 vacat+ _! crim9al convictions = violat+ ,public ,law #ejc1 f9d+ t fundam5tal error _h result$ f suppression ( evid5ce1 de/ruction ( evid5ce1 & pres5tation ( false & mislead+ in=mation to ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates by ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,m9oru ,yasui di$ :ile 8 case 0 9 ! process ( appeal1 &1 z su*1 he nev] receiv$ an evid5ti>y he>+4 7#bd7 ,presid5t ,ronald ,w4 ,reagan-- 7,a7 urg$ ,congress to pass ! ,civil ,lib]ties ,act ( #aihh 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 ,app4 #aihi;b et seq471 :i* apologiz$ = ! inc>c]ation ( ,japanese ,am]icans & au?oriz$ paym5t to ! survivors1 say+ ! ,civil ,lib]ties ,act ( #aihh 0 ne$$ to end a sad *apt] 9 ,am]ican hi/ory 9 a way t reaffirms ,am]ica's commitm5t to ! pres]vation ( lib]ty & ju/ice = all2 & 7,b7 sign$ ! ,civil ,lib]ties ,act ( #aihh into law on ,augu/ #aj1 #aihh4 7#be7 ,9 #bjaa1 ! ,act+ ,solicitor ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,neal ,katyal1 issu$ an admission ( misconduct = ! ord]s & actions aga9/ ,japanese ,am]icans dur+ ,_w ,w> ,,ii4 ,act+ ,solicitor ,g5]al ,katyal admitt$ t 8 pr$ecessor1 ,solicitor ,g5]al ,*>les ,fahy1 _h made gross g5]alizations bas$ on race & _h fail$ to disclose a naval intellig5ce report conclud+ t ,japanese ,am]icans1 includ+ ^? inc>c]at$1 did n pose a ?reat to ! national security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#bf7 ,fr$ ,korematsu receiv$ ! ,presid5tial ,m$al ( ,fre$om = 8 civil rights "w f ,presid5t ,william ,j4 ,cl9ton 9 #aiih4 ,gordon ,hirabaya%i receiv$ ! ,presid5tial ,m$al ( ,fre$om 9 #bjab f ,presid5t ,b>ack ,h4 ,obama4 ,m9oru ,yasui receiv$ ! ,presid5tial ,m$al ( ,fre$om f ,presid5t ,obama po/hum\sly 9 #bjae4 7#bg7 ,korematsu v4 ,unit$ ,/ates1 #cbc ,u4,s4 #bad 7#aidd71 is n[ "p ( ! anti-canon1 a gr\p ( cases includ+ ,dr$ ,scott v4 ,s&=d1 #fj ,u4,s4 #cic 7#aheg71 ,plessy v4 ,f]guson1 #afc ,u4,s4 #ecg 7#ahif71 & ,lo*n] v4 ,new ,york1 #aih ,u4,s4 #de 7#aije71 t1 ?\gh f\nd to be con/itutional at ! "t1 are n[ view$ z prec$5t n to be reli$ ^u & z lessons on h[ n to repeat ! mi/akes ( hi/ory4 7#bh7 ,! "r to be free f discrim9ation bas$ on memb]%ip 9 a protect$ class & ! "r to due process are en%r9$ 9 ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#bi7 ,section #a ( ! #ad? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates provides t no /ate %all make or en=ce any law :i* %all abridge ! privileges or immunities ( citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 nor %all any ,/ate deprive any p]son ( life1 lib]ty1 or prop]ty1 )\t due process ( law2 nor d5y to any p]son )9 its jurisdiction ! equal protection ( ! laws44 7#cj7 ,! #ad? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates embodies ! pr9ciple t ! gov]nm5t mu/ treat citiz5s z individuals1 & n z memb]s ( racial1 e?nic1 or religi\s gr\ps44 7#ca7 ,despite ! rejection ( ,korematsu v4 ,unit$ ,/ates1 #cbc ,u4,s4 #bad 7#aidd71 & ! d>k legacy ( ! inc>c]ation ( individuals ( ,japanese ance/ry dur+ ,_w ,w> ,,ii1 ! ,korematsu case is /ill us$ z a ju/ification = discrim9ation "u ! guise ( national security4 7#cb7 ,a spokesman = ,great ,am]ica ,,pac said on a broadca/ ( ! ,fox ,news ,network t inc>c]ation ( ,japanese ,am]icans provid$ ! prec$5t = ! proposal = a regi/ry ( ,muslims made by !n ,presid5t-elect ,donald ,j4 ,trump4 7#cc7 ,9 #bjae1 !n ,presid5tial c&idate ,donald ,j4 ,trump told ! ,am]ican ,broadca/+ ,company 7commonly ref]r$ to z ,,abc7 t he w\ld h to consid] ! same policies z ,presid5t ,frankl9 ,d4 ,roosevelt1 ev5 on a tempor>y basis because :at ,i am do+ is no diff]5t ?an :at ,,fdr--,,fdr's solution = ,g]mans1 ,italians1 ,japanese1 y "k1 _m ye>s ago44 7#cd7 ,c\rts h reject$ ef=ts to ban entry ( individuals to ! ,unit$ ,/ates solely on ! basis ( ! national orig9 or religi\s backgr\nd ( ^? individuals1 ef=ts t include ! det5tion ( c]ta9 individuals at airports )\t individualiz$ due process foll[+ ! implem5tation ( ,executive ,ord] #acgfi 7#hb ,f$4 ,reg4 #higg2 relat+ to protect+ ! ,nation f =eign t]rori/ entry into ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 & ,executive ,ord] #acghj 7#hb ,f$4 ,reg4 #acbji2 relat+ to protect+ ! ,nation f =eign t]rori/ entry into ! ,unit$ ,/ates74 7#ce7 ,ju/ice ,jackson1 9 ,korematsu v4 ,unit$ ,/ates1 #cbc ,u4,s4 #bad 7#aidd71 w>n$ t1 once a judicial op9ion rationalizes su* an ord] to %[ t x con=ms to ! ,con/itution1 or r rationalizes ! ,con/itution to %[ t ! ,con/itution sanctions su* an ord]1 ! ,c\rt = all "t has validat$ ! pr9ciple ( racial discrim9ation 9 crim9al proc$ure & ( transplant+ ,am]ican citiz5s4 ,! pr9ciple !n lies ab\t l a load$ weapon1 ready = ! h& ( any au?ority t c br+ =w>d a plausible claim ( an urg5t ne$44 7#cf7 ,lead]s su* z ! late ,repres5tative ,m>k ,takai f ,hawaii 7 d$icat$ to rememb]+ ! inju/ices suff]$ by ,japanese ,am]icans & fight+ to ensure ! equal protection ( ! civil lib]ties ( e citiz5 = all future g5]ations4 ,repres5tative ,takai s]v$ #bj ye>s 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ( ,hawaii & _h a di/+ui%$ c>e] 9 ! ,national ,gu>d ( ,hawaii1 e>n+ ! rank ( ,lieut5ant ,colonel be=e be+ elect$ to ,congress 9 #bjad4 ,repres5tative ,takai 0 an advocate = ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,hon\liuli ,national ,monum5t1 ! fir/ monum5t d$icat$ to tea*+ future g5]ations ab\t ! inc>c]ation camps = individuals ( ,japanese ance/ry dur+ ,_w ,w> ,,ii4 ,repres5tative ,takai said1 ,! int]nm5t ( ,japanese ,am]ican citiz5s dur+ ,_w ,w> ,,ii is a tragic example ( :at happ5s :5 we all[ fe> & hatr$ to take ! place ( rational & j actions44 ,"o ( ! la/ acts ( ,repres5tative ,takai 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ( ,hawaii 0 ! passage ( ,civil ,rights ,day legislation rememb]+ ,fr$ ,korematsu & ! hi/oric fight ( ,fr$ ,korematsu = due process & civil rights4 ,repres5tative ,takai said ,n[ m ?an ev]1 we mu/ le>n f ! mi/akes ( ! pa/ ''' & educate ! com+ g5]ations ab\t ! importance ( civil lib]ties = all p44 #c4 ,prohibition aga9/ unlawful det5tion ,section #djja ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by r$esignat+ subsection 7b7 z subsection 7c72 & 7#b7 by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7a7 ! foll[+3 7b7 ,prohibition on det5tion bas$ on protect$ *>act]i/ics 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,no individual may be imprison$ or o!rwise deta9$ bas$ solely on an actual or p]ceiv$ protect$ *>act]i/ic ( ! individual4 7#b7 ,def9ition ,9 ?is subsection1 ! t]m protect$ *>act]i/ic includes-- 7,a7 race2 7,b7 e?nicity2 7,c7 national orig92 7,d7 religion2 7,e7 g5d]2 7,f7 g5d] id5tity2 & 7,g7 sexual ori5tation4 4