,,ii #aae? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,s4 #bbja ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,decemb] #f1 #bjag,mr4 ,coons introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,heal?1 ,education1 ,labor1 & ,p5sions ,a ,,bill ,to am5d ! ,high] ,education ,act ( #aife to improve college access & college completion = all /ud5ts4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,access1 ,success1 & ,p]si/5ce 9 ,re%ap+ ,education ,act ( #bjag or ! ,,aspire ,act4 #b4 ,improv+ college access & completion = all /ud5ts 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,"p ,g ( title ,,iv ( ! ,high] ,education ,act ( #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajhh et seq47 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #dic;,e4 ,improv+ college access & completion = all /ud5ts 7a7 ,def9itions ,except z o!rwise provid$ 9 ?is section1 9 ?is section3 7#a7 ,av]age /ud5t-relat$ exp5diture 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m av]age /ud5t-relat$ exp5diture means1 ) respect to ! mo/ rec5t fiscal ye> end+ be=e ! ,octob] ( an academic ye>1 ! total am\nt ( an in/itution's in/ructional exp5ditures1 /ud5t s]vices exp5ditures1 & ! proportion ( academic support exp5ditures t goes t[>ds in/ruction1 divid$ by ! numb] ( full-"t equival5t /ud5ts enroll$ 9 ! in/itution = ! academic ye>4 7,b7 ,in/ructional exp5ditures ,! t]m in/ructional exp5ditures-- 7i7 includes-- 7,i7 exp5ditures = ! colleges1 s*ools1 dep>tm5ts1 & o!r in/ructional divisions ( ! in/itution & exp5ses = dep>tm5tal rese>* & public s]vice t are n sep>ately budget$2 7,,ii7 g5]al academic in/ruction1 occupational & vocational in/ruction1 community education1 prep>atory & adult basic education1 & rem$ial & tutorial in/ruction conduct$ by ! tea*+ faculty = ! in/itution's /ud5ts2 & 7,,iii7 exp5ses = bo? cr$it & non-cr$it activities2 7ii7 may include in=mation te*nology exp5ses relat$ to in/ructional activities if ! in/itution sep>ately budgets & exp5ses in=mation te*nology res\rces2 & 7iii7 does n include exp5ses = academic adm9i/ration :]e ! prim>y function is adm9i/ration4 7,c7 ,/ud5t s]vices exp5ditures ,! t]m /ud5t s]vices exp5ditures-- 7i7 includes exp5ses = admissions1 regi/r> activities1 & activities ^: prim>y purpose is to contribute to ! emotional & physical well-be+ ( /ud5ts & to _! intellectual1 cultural1 & social developm5t outside ! context ( ! =mal in/ructional program2 & 7ii7 may include in=mation te*nology exp5ses relat$ to /ud5t s]vice activities if ! in/itution sep>ately budgets & exp5ses in=mation te*nology res\rces1 o!rwise ^! exp5ses are includ$ 9 in/itutional support4 7,d7 ,academic support exp5ditures ,! t]m academic support exp5ditures includes-- 7i7 exp5ses ( activities & s]vices t support ! in/itution's prim>y missions ( in/ruction1 rese>*1 & public s]vice1 includ+-- 7,i7 ! ret5tion1 pres]vation1 & display ( educational mat]ials2 7,,ii7 organiz$ activities t provide support s]vices to ! academic functions ( ! in/itution2 7,,iii7 m$ia su* z audiovisual s]vices2 7,,iv7 academic adm9i/ration2 & 7,v7 =mally organiz$ & sep>ately budget$ academic p]sonnel developm5t & c\rse & curriculum developm5t exp5ses2 & 7ii7 in=mation te*nology exp5ses relat$ to academic support activities or1 if an in/itution does n sep>ately budget & exp5se in=mation te*nology res\rces1 ! co/s associat$ ) ! ?ree prim>y programs %all be appli$ to ?is function & ! rema9d] to in/itutional support4 7,e7 ,full-"t equival5t /ud5ts enroll$ ,! t]m full-"t equival5t /ud5ts enroll$ means ! numb] ( full-"t /ud5ts enroll$1 plus-- 7i7 9 ! case ( an in/itution ( high] education t is a public1 #d-ye> in/itution-- 7,i7 ! numb] ( "p-"t und]graduate /ud5ts enroll$ multipli$ by #j4djcedc2 & 7,,ii7 ! numb] ( "p-"t graduate /ud5ts enroll$ multipli$ by #j4cfagjb2 7ii7 9 ! case ( an in/itution ( high] education t is a private1 nonpr(it or = pr(it1 #d-ye> in/itution-- 7,i7 ! numb] ( "p-"t und]graduate /ud5ts enroll$ multipli$ by #j4cibheg2 & 7,,ii7 ! numb] ( "p-"t graduate /ud5ts enroll$ multipli$ by #j4chbjei2 7iii7 9 ! case ( an in/itution ( high] education t is a public1 #b-ye> in/itution1 ! numb] ( "p-"t und]graduate /ud5ts enroll$ multipli$ by #j4ccegcg2 & 7iv7 9 ! case ( an in/itution ( high] education t is n describ$ 9 clause 7i71 7ii71 or 7iii71 ! numb] ( "p-"t und]graduate /ud5ts enroll$ multipli$ by #j4cigjeh4 7#b7 ,in/itution ( high] education ,! t]m in/itution ( high] education means an in/itution ( high] education 7z def9$ 9 section #aja7;a77 or a propriet>y in/itution ( high] education 7z def9$ 9 section #ajb7;b77-- 7,a7 t pr$om9ately aw>ds m ba*elor's degrees ?an associate's degrees & c]tificates2 & 7,b7 t enrolls n less ?an #cj fir/-"t1 full-"t1 degree- or c]tificate-seek+ und]graduate /ud5ts4 7#c7 ,l[-income or work+ class /ud5t ,! t]m l[-income or work+ class /ud5t means a /ud5t :o is eligible to receive a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant4 7#d7 ,mod]ate-income /ud5t ,! t]m mod]ate-income /ud5t means a /ud5t :o is eligible to receive a ,f$]al ,direct ,/af=d ,loan b n eligible to receive a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant4 7#e7 ,rem$ial c\rse ,! t]m rem$ial c\rse means a c\rse ( /udy t is det]m9$ by ! in/itution :i* (f]s su* c\rse to be necess>y to help a /ud5t be prep>$ = ! pursuit ( a fir/ und]graduate ba*elor's degree b does n c\nt = cr$it t[>d ! degree4 7#f7 ,und]repres5t$ m9ority ,! t]m und]repres5t$ m9ority means ,am]ican ,indian1 ,alaskan ,native1 ,black 7n ( ,hispanic orig971 ,hispanic 7includ+ p]sons ( ,mexican1 ,pu]to ,rican1 ,cuban1 & ,c5tral or ,s\? ,am]ican orig971 or ,pacific ,isl&] m9ority gr\p4 7b7 ,improv+ college access 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ord] = an in/itution ( high] education to p>ticipate 9 any /ud5t f9ancial assi/ance program "u ?is title1 ! in/itution %all comply ) ! improv+ college access program "u ?is subsection4 7#b7 ,calculation ( p]c5tages ( f$]al pell grant recipi5ts 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e1 = ea* in/itution ( high] education1 ! p]c5tage ( ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution = ! fir/-"t 9 a full-"t capacity = ! academic ye> :o receiv$ a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant = su* academic ye>4 7,b7 ,rank+ 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all rank ! in/itutions accord+ to ! p]c5tages det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,a74 7ii7 ,?re%old m>k ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e1 bas$ on ! rank+s "u ?is subp>agraph1 ! p]c5tage1 det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,a71 at :i* & above :i* m>ks ! top #ie p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$4 7,c7 ,floor rea*$ 7i7 ,floor m>k ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah1 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e1 bas$ on ! rank+s "u subp>agraph 7,b77i7 = su* academic ye>1 ! p]c5tage1 det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,a71 at :i* & above :i* m>ks ! top #ij p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$4 7ii7 ,comp>ison ( ?re%old m>k to floor m>k ,if ! ?re%old m>k det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,b77ii7 = an academic ye> is at or above ! floor m>k det]m9$ "u clause 7i71 no in/itution %all be subject to ! provisions ( p>agraph 7#c7 = su* academic ye>4 7#c7 ,consequ5ces ( l[ rank+ 7,a7 ,notification 7i7 ,9 g5]al 7,i7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to p>agraph 7#b77;,c77ii71 = academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all notify ea* in/itution ( high] education t is 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b7-- 7aa7 t ! in/itution is 9 su* bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$2 7bb7 ( ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii7 t su* in/itution mu/ meet or rise above2 & 7cc7 t ! in/itution has #ij days to appeal to ! ,secret>y to be remov$ f ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$4 7,,ii7 ,appeal ,an in/itution ( high] education t is 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b7 = an academic ye> may appeal to ! ,secret>y1 )9 #ij days ( ! notification "u subclause 7,i71 to be remov$ f su* bottom #e p]c5t rank+ if-- 7aa7 ! ,secret>y's calculation ( its rank+ is n accurate1 & t recalculation ( su* rank+ w\ld raise ! rank+ ( ! in/itution above ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$2 or 7bb7 ! in/itution's p]c5tage ( all ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts enroll$ at ! in/itution :o receiv$ a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant = ! academic ye> is suffici5tly high1 z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y4 7,,iii7 ,automatic removal ,an in/itution ( high] education t is 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b7 = an academic ye> b ^: av]age p]c5tage = ! academic ye> & ! #b prec$+ academic ye>s ( ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution = ! fir/-"t 9 a full-"t capacity = ! academic ye> & ! #b prec$+ academic ye>s :o receiv$ a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant = ! academic ye> & ! #b prec$+ academic ye>s is at or above ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii7 = ! academic ye>1 %all be automatically remov$ f su* bottom #e p]c5t rank+4 7ii7 ,consum] w>n+ report by ! secret>y 7,i7 ,9 g5]al ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all issue a report1 foll[+ resolution ( all appeals br\ght pursuant to ! #ij-;day appeal p]iod1 li/+ ea* in/itution ( high] education t is 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b71 & n remov$ f su* rank+ 9 accordance ) subclause 7,,ii7 or 7,,iii7 ( clause 7i71 along ) ! p]c5tage ( ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ea* su* in/itution = ! fir/-"t 9 a full-"t capacity = ! academic ye> :o receiv$ a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant = su* academic ye>4 7,,ii7 ,incorporation into exi/+ data s\rces ,9 issu+ ! report "u subclause 7,i71 ! ,secret>y %all incorporate ! li/ ( in/itutions 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ & n remov$ f ! rank+ into data s\rces ( ! ,dep>tm5t t exi/ on ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,access1 ,success1 & ,p]si/5ce 9 ,re%ap+ ,education ,act ( #bjag1 su* z ! ,college ,scorec>d4 7,b7 ,plan ,an in/itution ( high] education t is includ$ 9 ! report "u subp>agraph 7,a77ii7 %all develop a plan1 n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( ! notification "u subp>agraph 7,a77i77,i7 & 9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y1 to meet or rise above ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii7 applicable = ! academic ye> = :i* ?is in/itution 0 includ$ 9 ! report "u subp>agraph 7,a77ii7 t trigg]$ su* det]m9ation4 7,c7 ,calculation ( av]age ,= ea* in/itution ( high] education t is includ$ 9 ! report "u subp>agraph 7,a77ii7 = an academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all-- 7i7 grant ! in/itution a hold h>mless ye> = ! academic ye> succe$+ ! academic ye> = :i* ! in/itution receives notification "u subp>agraph 7,a77i77,i72 & 7ii7 det]m9e ! av]age p]c5tage ov] ! #c succe$+ academic ye>s foll[+ ! hold h>mless academic ye> describ$ 9 clause 7i7 ( ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution = ! fir/-"t 9 a full-"t capacity = ea* ( su* #c succe$+ academic ye>s :o receiv$ a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant = ea* ( su* #c succe$+ academic ye>s4 7,d7 ,failure to improve 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 clause 7ii71 if an in/itution ( high] education has an av]age p]c5tage det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,c77ii7 t is less ?an ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii7 = ! academic ye> = :i* ! in/itution 0 includ$ 9 ! report "u subp>agraph 7,a77ii7 t trigg]$ su* det]m9ation1 ! ,secret>y %all impose on su* in/itution a p5alty describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,e74 7ii7 ,delay ( p5alty 7,i7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y may delay impos+ a p5alty describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,e7 ) respect to an in/itution t has an av]age p]c5tage det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,c77ii7 t is less ?an ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii7 = ! academic ye> = :i* ! in/itution 0 includ$ 9 ! report "u subp>agraph 7,a77ii7 t trigg]$ su* det]m9ation1 b ^: p]c5tage det]m9$ = ! mo/ rec5t academic ye> is at or above su* ?re%old m>k4 7,,ii7 ,p]iod ( delay ,! ,secret>y may delay impos+ a p5alty "u subclause 7,i7 = a p]iod ( n m ?an #b ye>s4 7,,iii7 ,new #c-ye> av]age ,) respect to an in/itution = :i* ! ,secret>y delays impos+ a p5alty "u ?is clause = a p]iod ( n m ?an #b ye>s1 ! ,secret>y1 at ! end ( su* delay p]iod1 %all det]m9e ! av]age p]c5tage ov] ! #c prec$+ ye>s ( ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution = ! fir/-"t 9 a full-"t capacity = ea* ( su* #c prec$+ academic ye>s & :o receiv$ a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant = ea* ( su* #c prec$+ academic ye>s4 ,if ! in/itution has an av]age p]c5tage t is less ?an ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii7 = ! academic ye> = :i* ! in/itution 0 includ$ 9 ! report "u subp>agraph 7,a77ii7 t trigg]$ su* det]m9ation1 ! ,secret>y %all impose on su* in/itution a p5alty describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,e74 7,e7 ,p5alties 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all impose a p5alty "u ?is p>agraph 9 an am\nt det]m9$ "u ?is subp>agraph4 7ii7 ,am\nt ( p5alty 7,i7 ,9 g5]al ,! p5alty to be impos$ "u ?is subp>agraph ) respect to an in/itution %all be a fee-p]-/ud5t p5alty1 9 :i* ! numb] ( additional /ud5ts det]m9$ ) respect to su* in/itution "u subclause 7,,ii7 = an academic ye> is multipli$ by ! in/itution's av]age /ud5t-relat$ exp5diture = ! academic ye>4 7,,ii7 ,numb] ( additional /ud5ts to be det]m9$ ,) respect to an in/itution ( high] education t is subject to ! p5alty "u ?is subp>agraph1 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e ! total numb] ( additional /ud5ts ! in/itution w\ld ne$ to enroll ov] #c ye>s z ,f$]al ,pell ,grant recipi5ts to meet ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii74 ,su* numb] %all be calculat$ by det]m9+ ! p]c5tage equal to subtract+ ! av]age p]c5tage det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,c77ii7 f ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii7 = ! academic ye> = :i* ! in/itution 0 includ$ 9 ! report "u subp>agraph 7,a77ii7 t trigg]$ su* det]m9ation1 & multiply+ su* det]m9$ p]c5tage by ! numb] ( ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution = ! fir/-"t 9 a full-"t capacity = an academic ye> ov] ! #c prec$+ academic ye>s4 7iii7 ,collection ( p5alty fees ,! ,secret>y %all-- 7,i7 collect p5alty fees impos$ "u ?is p>agraph n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] su* p5alty is impos$2 & 7,,ii7 use ! fees collect$ "u subclause 7,i7 to fund ! completion improvem5t program "u subsection 7d7 & ! completion bonus program "u subsection 7e74 7iv7 ,prohibition on use ( in/itutional ne$-bas$ grant aid to pay fees ,an in/itution ( high] education t is subject to a p5alty "u ?is p>agraph may n1 9 ord] to pay su* p5alty fee-- 7,i7 r$uce ! am\nt ( in/itutional ne$-bas$ grant aid aw>d$ to /ud5ts to att5d ! in/itution2 or 7,,ii7 increase tuition or fees4 7,f7 ,appeals 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an in/itution ( high] education t is subject to a p5alty "u ?is p>agraph may appeal ! decision to impose su* p5alty or ! am\nt ( ! p5alty to ! ,secret>y4 7ii7 ,cont5t ( appeal ,! appeals process %all p]mit ! in/itution to demon/rate1 to ! satisfaction ( ! ,secret>y-- 7,i7 t !re 0 a miscalculation ( ! p5alty am\nt2 or 7,,ii7 t !re is "s un=ese5 & extreme circum/ance t %\ld w>rant a waiv] f su* p5alty or a r$uction 9 ! am\nt ( su* p5alty4 7c7 ,improv+ completion 7#a7 ,9 g5]al 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ord] = an in/itution ( high] education to p>ticipate 9 any /ud5t f9ancial assi/ance program "u ?is title1 ! in/itution %all comply ) ! improv+ college completion program "u ?is subsection4 7,b7 ,election by public or o!r nonpr(it in/itutions ,an in/itution ( high] education t is a public or o!r nonpr(it in/itution ( high] education may elect = ! ,secret>y n to impose on su* in/itution a p5alty describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c77;,e74 ,an in/itution t makes su* election %all n be eligible to receive a grant "u ! completion improvem5t program "u subsection 7d7 or ! completion bonus program "u subsection 7e74 7,c7 ,def9ition ( in/itution ( high] education ,9 ?is subsection1 ! t]m in/itution ( high] education means an in/itution ( high] education 7z def9$ 9 section #aja7;a77 or a propriet>y in/itution ( high] education 7z def9$ 9 section #ajb7;b77-- 7i7 t pr$om9ately aw>ds m ba*elor's degrees ?an associate's degrees & c]tificates2 & 7ii7 t enrolls n less ?an #cj fir/-"t1 full-"t ba*elor's degree- or equival5t-degree-seek+ und]graduate /ud5ts4 7#b7 ,calculation ( p]c5tages ( completion 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e1 = ea* in/itution ( high] education t p>ticipates 9 any program "u ?is title1 ! p]c5tage ( fir/-"t1 full-"t ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution :o graduate )9 #f ye>s4 7,b7 ,rank+ 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all rank ! in/itutions accord+ to ! p]c5tages det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,a74 7ii7 ,?re%old m>k ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e1 bas$ on ! rank+s "u clause 7i71 ! p]c5tage1 det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,a71 at :i* & above :i* m>ks ! top #ie p]c5t ( ! in/itutions rank$4 7iii7 ,rank+s = pe] gr\ps ( in/itutions 7,i7 ,9 g5]al ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all rank ! in/itutions accord+ to ! p]c5tages det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 9 ea* pe] gr\p ( in/itutions describ$ 9 subclause 7,,ii74 7,,ii7 ,pe] gr\ps ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all e/abli% pe] gr\ps ( in/itutions4 ,ea* pe] gr\p %all include approximately #aj to #ae1 b n less ?an #c1 in/itutions t are includ$ 9 su* gr\p bas$ on simil> in/itutional *>act]i/ics4 ,su* *>act]i/ics %all include ! foll[+3 7aa7 ,! p]c5tage ( fir/-"t1 full-"t /ud5ts enroll$ at ! in/itution :o receive a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant4 7bb7 ,! av]age ,,sat or ,,act score ( fir/-"t1 full-"t /ud5ts enroll$ at ! in/itution4 7cc7 ,! av]age high s*ool ,,gpa ( fir/-"t1 full-"t /ud5ts enroll$ at ! in/itution4 7dd7 ,! in/itution's av]age /ud5t-relat$ exp5diture4 7ee7 ,o!r *>act]i/ics t ! ,secret>y det]m9es are appropriate4 7,,iii7 ,pe] gr\p adju/m5t ,to provide = fair comp>isons among in/itutions s]v+ diff]5t /ud5t populations & in/itutional res\rces1 an in/itution t is 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ! in/itutions rank$ "u clause 7i7 b 9 ! top two-?irds ( in/itutions rank$ 9 ! in/itution's pe] gr\p1 z det]m9$ "u subclause 7,,ii71 %all be remov$ f ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ! in/itutions rank$ "u clause 7i74 ,! ,secret>y %all n impose on su* an in/itution a p5alty describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c77;,e74 7,c7 ,floor rea*$ 7i7 ,floor m>k ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah1 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e1 bas$ on ! rank+s "u subp>agraph 7,b77i7 = su* academic ye>1 ! p]c5tage1 det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,a71 at :i* & above :i* m>ks ! top #ij p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$4 7ii7 ,comp>ison ( ?re%old m>k to floor m>k ,if ! ?re%old m>k det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,b77ii7 = an academic ye> is at or above ! floor m>k det]m9$ "u clause 7i71 no in/itution %all be subject to ! provisions ( p>agraph 7#c7 = su* academic ye>4 7#c7 ,consequ5ces ( l[ rank+ 7,a7 ,9 g5]al 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to p>agraph 7#b77;,c77ii71 = academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all notify ea* in/itution ( high] education t is 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b77i7 7& n remov$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b77iii77,,iii77-- 7,i7 t ! in/itution is 9 su* bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ = ! academic ye>2 7,,ii7 ( ! applicable ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii7 t su* in/itution mu/ meet or rise above2 & 7,,iii7 t ! in/itution has #ij days to appeal to ! ,secret>y to be remov$ f ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$4 7ii7 ,appeal ,an in/itution ( high] education t is 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b77i7 7& n remov$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b77iii77,,iii77 = an academic ye> may appeal to ! ,secret>y1 )9 #ij days ( ! notification "u clause 7i71 to be remov$ f su* bottom #e p]c5t rank+ if ! ,secret>y's calculation ( its rank+ is n accurate1 & t recalculation ( su* rank+ w\ld raise ! rank+ ( ! in/itution above ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$4 7iii7 ,automatic removal ,an in/itution ( high] education t is 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b77i7 7& n remov$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b77iii77,,iii77 = an academic ye> b ^: av]age p]c5tage = ! academic ye> & ! #b prec$+ academic ye>s ( fir/-"t1 full-"t ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution :o graduate )9 #f ye>s is at or above ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii7 = ! academic ye>1 %all be automatically remov$ f su* bottom #e p]c5t rank+4 7iv7 ,consum] w>n+ report by ! secret>y 7,i7 ,9 g5]al ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* succe$+ academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all issue a report1 foll[+ resolution ( all appeals br\ght pursuant to ! #ij-;day appeal p]iod1 li/+ ea* in/itution ( high] education t is 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b77i71 & n remov$ f su* rank+ 9 accordance ) clause 7ii7 or 7iii7 or p>agraph 7#b77;,b77iii77,,iii71 along ) ! p]c5tage ( fir/-"t1 full-"t ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ea* su* in/itution :o graduate )9 #f ye>s4 7,,ii7 ,incorporation into exi/+ data s\rces ,9 issu+ ! report "u subclause 7,i71 ! ,secret>y %all incorporate ! li/ ( in/itutions 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ & n remov$ into data s\rces ( ! ,dep>tm5t t exi/ on ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,access1 ,success1 & ,p]si/5ce 9 ,re%ap+ ,education ,act ( #bjag1 su* z ! ,college ,scorec>d4 ,9 incorporat+ ! li/ ( in/itutions into data s\rces1 ! ,secret>y %all indicate :i* ( su* in/itutions p>ticipate 9 ! completion improvem5t program "u subsection 7d74 7,b7 ,plan ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* fif? succe$+ academic ye>1 an in/itution ( high] education t is includ$ 9 ! report "u subp>agraph 7,a77iv7 %all develop a plan1 n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( ! notification "u subp>agraph 7,a77i7 & 9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y1 to meet or rise above ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii71 applicable = ! academic ye> = :i* ?is in/itution 0 includ$ 9 ! report "u subp>agraph 7,a77iv7 t trigg]$ su* det]m9ation4 7,c7 ,calculation ( av]age 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,= academic ye> #bjag-bjah & = ea* fif? succe$+ academic ye>1 = ea* in/itution ( high] education t is includ$ 9 ! report "u subp>agraph 7,a77iii7 = an academic ye>1 ! ,secret>y %all-- 7,i7 grant ! in/itution #b hold h>mless ye>s = ! academic ye>s succe$+ ! academic ye> = :i* ! in/itution receives notification "u subp>agraph 7,a77i72 & 7,,ii7 det]m9e ! av]age p]c5tage ov] ! #c succe$+ academic ye>s 7z det]m9$ "u clause 7ii77 foll[+ ! hold h>mless academic ye>s describ$ 9 clause 7i7 ( fir/-"t1 full-"t ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution :o graduate )9 #f ye>s4 7ii7 ,"u-res\rc$ ye>s ,9 det]m9+ ! #c succe$+ academic ye>s "u clause 7i77,,ii71 ! ,secret>y %all skip any academic ye> t succe$s an academic ye> = :i* less ?an #be1jjj1jjj is collect$ "u subsection 7b77#c77;,e74 7,d7 ,failure to improve 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 clause 7ii7 or p>agraph 7#a77;,b71 if an in/itution ( high] education has an av]age p]c5tage det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,c77i77,,ii7 t is less ?an ! applicable ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii71 ! ,secret>y %all impose on su* in/itution a p5alty describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,e74 7ii7 ,delay ( p5alty 7,i7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y may delay impos+ a p5alty describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,e7 ) respect to an in/itution t has an av]age p]c5tage det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,c77i77,,ii7 t is less ?an ! applicable ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii71 b ^: p]c5tage det]m9$ = ! mo/ rec5t academic ye> is at or above su* ?re%old m>k4 7,,ii7 ,p]iod ( delay ,! ,secret>y may delay impos+ a p5alty "u subclause 7,i7 = a p]iod ( n m ?an #b ye>s4 7,,iii7 ,new av]age ,) respect to an in/itution = :i* ! ,secret>y delays impos+ a p5alty "u ?is clause = a p]iod ( n m ?an #b ye>s1 ! ,secret>y1 at ! end ( su* delay p]iod1 %all det]m9e ! av]age p]c5tage ov] ! #c prec$+ ye>s ( fir/-"t1 full-"t ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution :o graduate )9 #f ye>s4 ,if ! in/itution has an av]age p]c5tage t is less ?an ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii71 ! ,secret>y %all impose on su* in/itution a p5alty describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,e74 7,e7 ,p5alties 7i7 ,fir/ p5alty ye> 7,i7 ,9 g5]al ,beg9n+ ) ! fif? academic ye> aft] :i* p5alty fees are collect$ "u subsection 7b77#c77;,e71 an in/itution ( high] education t is subject to a p5alty "u ?is p>agraph-- 7aa7 t is a propriet>y in/itution ( high] education 7z def9$ 9 section #ajb7;b771 %all pay to ! ,secret>y a #a1jjj1jjj p5alty2 & 7bb7 t is n a propriet>y in/itution ( high] education 7z def9$ 9 section #ajb7;b771 %all pay to ! ,secret>y = an academic ye> an am\nt equal to #be p]c5t ( ! total am\nt ( funds made available "u subsection 7d7 to ! in/itution dur+ ! #d academic ye>s prec$+ ! academic ye> = :i* ! p5alty is due "u ?is p>agraph4 7,,ii7 ,use ( p5alties ,! ,secret>y %all use ! p5alty fees "u ?is clause to fund ! completion improvem5t program "u subsection 7d7 & ! completion bonus program "u subsection 7e74 7ii7 ,second p5alty ye> ,"o ye> aft] ! fir/ academic ye> = :i* an in/itution ( high] education t is n a propriet>y in/itution ( high] education 7z def9$ 9 section #ajb7;b77 pays a p5alty "u clause 7i77,i77bb71 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e ! av]age p]c5tage = su* ye> aft] su* fir/ academic ye> & ! #b prec$+ academic ye>s ( fir/-"t1 full-"t ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution :o graduate )9 #f ye>s4 ,if su* av]age p]c5tage is less ?an ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii7 = su* ye> aft] su* fir/ academic ye>1 ! in/itution ( high] education %all pay to ! ,secret>y = su* ye> aft] su* fir/ academic ye> an am\nt equal to #dj p]c5t ( ! total am\nt ( funds made available "u subsection 7d7 to ! in/itution dur+ ! #e academic ye>s prec$+ ! academic ye> = :i* ! p5alty is due "u ?is clause4 ,! ,secret>y %all use su* p5alty fees to fund ! completion improvem5t program "u subsection 7d7 & ! completion bonus program "u subsection 7e74 7iii7 ,?ird p5alty ye> ,two ye>s aft] ! fir/ academic ye> = :i* an in/itution ( high] education t is n a propriet>y in/itution ( high] education 7z def9$ 9 section #ajb7;b77 pays a p5alty "u clause 7i77,i77bb71 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e ! av]age p]c5tage = su* second ye> aft] su* fir/ academic ye> & ! #b prec$+ academic ye>s ( fir/-"t1 full-"t ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution :o graduate )9 #f ye>s4 ,if su* av]age p]c5tage is less ?an ! ?re%old m>k describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b77ii7 = su* second ye> aft] su* fir/ academic ye>1 ! in/itution ( high] education %all pay to ! ,secret>y = su* second ye> aft] su* fir/ academic ye> an am\nt equal to #ej p]c5t ( ! total am\nt ( funds made available "u subsection 7d7 to ! in/itution dur+ ! #f academic ye>s prec$+ ! academic ye> = :i* ! p5alty is due "u ?is clause4 ,! ,secret>y %all use su* p5alty fees to fund ! completion improvem5t program "u subsection 7d7 & ! completion bonus program "u subsection 7e74 7iv7 ,prohibitions ,an in/itution ( high] education t is subject to a p5alty "u ?is subp>agraph-- 7,i7 %all ensure t /ud5ts enroll$ at ! in/itution receive ! full am\nt ( fund+ "u ?is title !y w\ld o!rwise h receiv$ _h ! in/itution n be5 subject to su* p5alty2 & 7,,ii7 may n1 9 ord] to pay = ! p5alty fee-- 7aa7 r$uce ! am\nt ( in/itutional ne$-bas$ grant aid aw>d$ to /ud5ts to att5d ! in/itution2 & 7bb7 raise tuition or fees4 7v7 ,waiv] ,! ,secret>y may waive or r$uce a p5alty "u ?is subp>agraph if ! ,secret>y det]m9es su* a waiv] is necess>y to avoid extreme h>d%ip = ! /ud5ts enroll$ at ! in/itution ( high] education on :i* ! p5alty w\ld be impos$4 7vi7 ,paym5t plan ,! ,secret>y may all[ an in/itution ( high] education t owes a p5alty "u ?is subp>agraph to ent] into a paym5t plan to pay su* p5alty am\nt4 7,f7 ,appeals 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,an in/itution ( high] education t is subject to a p5alty "u ?is p>agraph may appeal ! decision to impose su* p5alty to ! ,secret>y4 7ii7 ,cont5t ( appeal ,! appeals process %all p]mit ! in/itution to demon/rate1 to ! satisfaction ( ! ,secret>y t !re is "s un=ese5 & extreme circum/ance t %\ld w>rant a waiv] f su* p5alty1 a r$uction 9 ! am\nt ( su* p5alty1 or removal ( ! in/itution f ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b74 7d7 ,completion improvem5t program 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,f funds available "u p>agraph 7#e71 ! ,secret>y %all e/abli% a completion improvem5t program to aw>d grants to eligible in/itutions ( high] education to support re=ms to improve completion rates4 7#b7 ,eligible in/itutions ,an in/itution ( high] education is eligible to receive a grant "u ?is subsection if ! in/itution-- 7,a7 is a public or o!r nonpr(it in/itution ( high] education t is 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u subsection 7c77#b77;,b72 7,b7 has n be5 remov$ f ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ pursuant to p>agraph 7#b77;,b77iii77,,iii7 or 7#c77;,a7 ( subsection 7c72 & 7,c7 has n elect$ to be exempt "u subsection 7c77#a77;,b74 7#c7 ,det]m9ation ( grant am\nt 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 aw>d+ grants "u ?is subsection1 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e a grant am\nt = ea* eligible in/itution accord+ to ! =mula "u subp>agraph 7,b74 7,b7 ,grant am\nt =mula 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 clause 7iii71 ! grant am\nt = an eligible in/itution describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 = a fiscal ye> %all be equal to ! ,pell weight ( su* in/itution = ! fiscal ye>1 det]m9$ "u clause 7ii71 multipli$ by ! am\nt available "u p>agraph 7#e7 = su* fiscal ye>4 7ii7 ,pell weight 7,i7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,pell weight ( an eligible in/itution = a fiscal ye> %all be equal to a p]c5tage t is det]m9$ by divid+ ! in/itution's ,pell enrollm5t det]m9$ "u subclause 7,,ii7 = ! fiscal ye> by ! total ,pell enrollm5t det]m9$ "u subclause 7,,iii7 = ! fiscal ye>4 7,,ii7 ,in/itution's pell enrollm5t ,an eligible in/itution's ,pell enrollm5t = a fiscal ye> %all be equal to ! p]c5tage ( ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts enroll$ at ! in/itution = ! academic ye> t end$ imm$iately prec$+ su* fiscal ye> :o receiv$ a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant = su* academic ye>4 7,,iii7 ,total pell enrollm5t ,! total ,pell enrollm5t = a fiscal ye> %all be equal to ! sum ( ! p]c5tages ( ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts enroll$ at ea* eligible in/itution1 describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 = ! academic ye> t end$ imm$iately prec$+ su* fiscal ye> :o receiv$ a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant = su* academic ye>4 7iii7 ,maximum grant am\nt ,! maximum grant am\nt = an eligible in/itution describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 = a fiscal ye> %all be #b1jjj1jjj4 ,an eligible in/itution may *oose to receive a grant am\nt t is less ?an #b1jjj1jjj4 ,any am\nts available "u p>agraph 7#e7 = su* fiscal ye> t are rema9+ aft] aw>d+ grants 9 accordance ) ?is subp>agraph %all be us$ to c>ry out ! completion bonus program "u subsection 7e74 7#d7 ,use ( funds ,an in/itution ( high] education t receives a grant "u ?is subsection %all use ! grant funds = re=ms & practices t are "p ( ! improvem5t plan ( ! in/itution1 z describ$ "u subsection 7c77#c77;,b77i71 :i* may include ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,increas+ funds available = ,f$]al ,"w-,/udy ,programs = und]graduate /ud5ts4 7,b7 ,increas+ ne$-bas$ in/itutional aid to /ud5ts :o are eligible = ,f$]al ,pell ,grants4 7,c7 ,enhanc+ academic advis+ & /ud5t support s]vices4 7,d7 ,exp&+ accel]at$ le>n+ opportunities4 7,e7 ,improv+ rem$ial c\rse (f]+s4 7,f7 ,data- & te*nology-driv5 ef=ts to increase college completion rates4 7,g7 ,enhanc+ regul> & proactive c>e] advis+ & loan c\nsel+ s]vices1 includ+ po/-enrollm5t s]vices4 7,h7 ,ef=ts to close completion gaps-- 7i7 betwe5 non-l[-income or work+ class /ud5ts & l[-income or work+ class /ud5ts2 & 7ii7 betwe5 non-und]repres5t$ m9ority /ud5ts & und]repres5t$ m9ority /ud5ts4 7#e7 ,available funds ,funds %all be available to c>ry out ?is subsection f ! p5alty fees collect$ "u subsections 7b77#c77;,e7 & 7c77#c77;,e74 7e7 ,completion bonus program 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,f funds available "u p>agraph 7#e71 ! ,secret>y %all e/abli% a completion bonus program to aw>d grants on a competitive basis to eligible in/itutions ( high] education to support re=ms to improve completion rates4 7#b7 ,eligible in/itutions ,an in/itution ( high] education is eligible to receive a grant "u ?is subsection if ! in/itution-- 7,a7 is n 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u subsection 7c77#b77;,b72 & 7,b7 is n 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u subsection 7b77#b77;,b74 7#c7 ,application & priority 7,a7 ,application ,an eligible in/itution t desires a grant "u ?is subsection %all submit an application to ! ,secret>y at su* "t1 9 su* mann]1 & conta9+ su* in=mation z ! ,secret>y may require4 7,b7 ,consid]ation & priority ,9 aw>d+ grants "u ?is subsection1 ! ,secret>y-- 7i7 may consid] an eligible in/itution's af=dability1 /ud5t loan repaym5t rate1 & o!r factors2 & 7ii7 %all give priority to an eligible in/itution t is a "p ,b in/itution 7z def9$ 9 section #cbb7 or a m9ority-s]v+ in/itution 7z describ$ 9 section #cga7;a774 7#d7 ,use ( funds ,an eligible in/itution t receives a grant "u ?is subsection %all use ! grant funds = re=ms & practices to improve completion rates1 :i* may include ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,increas+ funds available = ,f$]al ,"w-,/udy ,programs = und]graduate /ud5ts4 7,b7 ,increas+ ne$-bas$ in/itutional aid to /ud5ts :o are eligible = ,f$]al ,pell ,grants4 7,c7 ,enhanc+ academic advis+ & /ud5t support s]vices4 7,d7 ,exp&+ accel]at$ le>n+ opportunities4 7,e7 ,improv+ rem$ial c\rse (f]+s4 7,f7 ,data- & te*nology-driv5 ef=ts to increase college completion rates4 7,g7 ,enhanc+ regul> & proactive c>e] advis+ & loan c\nsel+ s]vices1 includ+ po/-enrollm5t s]vices4 7,h7 ,ef=ts to close completion gaps-- 7i7 betwe5 non-l[-income or work+ class /ud5ts & l[-income or work+ class /ud5ts2 & 7ii7 betwe5 non-und]repres5t$ m9ority /ud5ts & und]repres5t$ m9ority /ud5ts4 7#e7 ,available funds ,funds %all be available to c>ry out ?is subsection f funds f ! p5alty fees collect$ "u subsections 7b77#c77;,e7 & 7c77#c77;,e7 t are rema9+ aft] grants are aw>d$ = ! completion improvem5t program "u subsection 7d74 7f7 ,non-,f9ancial rew>d bonus program 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all aw>d non-f9ancial rew>ds to in/itutions ( high] education t h a prov5 record ( mak+ college m af=dable & increas+ college access & success = l[-income or work+ class /ud5ts & mod]ate-income /ud5ts4 7#b7 ,in/itutional eligibility ,an in/itution ( high] education is eligible = a non-f9ancial rew>d "u ?is subsection = an academic ye> if-- 7,a7 ! p]c5tage ( fir/-"t1 full-"t ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution = ! academic ye> :o receiv$ a ,f$]al ,pell ,grant = su* academic ye> falls )9 ! top #ej p]c5t ( rank$ in/itutions1 z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y = ! academic ye>2 7,b7 ! p]c5tage ( fir/-"t1 full-"t ba*elor's degree-seek+ /ud5ts :o enroll$ at ! in/itution :o graduate )9 #f ye>s falls )9 ! top #be p]c5t ( rank$ in/itutions1 z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y = ! academic ye>2 & 7,c7 ! in/itution is n "u ,f$]al inve/igation = a sanction = an academic or f9ancial irregul>ity4 7#c7 ,applications ,an in/itution ( high] education t desires to receive a non-f9ancial rew>d "u ?is subsection %all submit an application to ! ,secret>y at su* "t1 9 su* mann]1 & conta9+ su* in=mation z ! ,secret>y may require4 7#d7 ,priority ,priority 9 aw>d+ non-f9ancial rew>ds "u ?is subsection %all g to in/itutions ( high] education t h small or dim9i%+ gaps 9 ! completion rates-- 7,a7 betwe5 non-l[-income or work+ class /ud5ts & l[-income or work+ class /ud5ts2 & 7,b7 betwe5 non-und]repres5t$ m9ority /ud5ts & und]repres5t$ m9ority /ud5ts4 7#e7 ,non-f9ancial rew>ds ,non-f9ancial rew>ds "u ?is subsection may include ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,report+ less frequ5tly & avoid+ duplicative report+ requirem5ts4 7,b7 ,extra po9ts 9 ,dep>tm5t grant competitions = :i* in/itutions ( high] education are eligible entities4 7,c7 ,waiv+ ! multiple disbursem5t rule or disbursem5t delays4 7,d7 ,pref]able /atus = exp]im5tal sites4 7g7 ,be/ practices ,! ,secret>y %all e/abli% a publicly available electronic database id5tify+ be/ practices-- 7#a7 ( in/itutions ( high] education t 7 9 ! bottom #e p]c5t ( ^? in/itutions rank$ "u ! improv+ college access program "u subsection 7b7 or ! improv+ college completion program "u subsection 7c7 = academic ye> #bjag-bjah or = any succe$+ academic ye> & t h improv$ _! rank+2 7#b7 ( eligible in/itutions ( high] education aw>d$ grants "u ! completion bonus program "u subsection 7e7 to support re=ms to improve completion rates2 & 7#c7 t ! ,secret>y has det]m9$ 9 c>ry+ out ?is section4 7h7 ,acc\ntability rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be con/ru$ to affect acc\ntability provisions "u o!r s\rces ( law4 7i7 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to c>ry out ?is section su* sums z may be necess>y4 4 7b7 ,report to ,congress ,n lat] ?an #b ye>s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ,education %all submit a report to ,congress t provides recomm5dations on ways to exp& section #dic;,e ( ! ,high] ,education ,act ( #aife1 z add$ by subsection 7a71 to in/itutions ) pr$om9antly associate's-degree seek+ /ud5ts1 z well z o!r in/itutions ( high] education n cov]$ by su* section4