,,iv  #aae? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,h4 ,,res4 #ecd  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(     
,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #be1        
#bjag,mr4 ,franks ( ,arizona submitt$ ! 
foll[+ resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to !    
,committee on ,=eign ,affairs           
,,resolution  ,express+ ! s5se ( ! ,h\se
 ( ,repres5tatives t ! p ( ! ,kurdi/an  
,region ( ,iraq h ! "r to det]m9e _!    
/atus z a sov]eign c\ntry4  ,:]eas !    
,unit$ ,nations ,int]national ,cov5ant  
on ,civil & ,political ,rights & !      
,int]national ,cov5ant on ,economic1    
,social & ,cultural ,rights /ates t1    
,all peoples h ! "r ( self-det]m9ation4 
,by virtue ( t "r !y freely det]m9e _!  
political /atus & freely pursue _!      
economic1 social & cultural developm5t2 
,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,nations ,*>t]'s /at$   
purpose1 9 ,*apt] #a1 ,article #b1 "p   
#b1 is ,to develop fri5dly relations    
among nations bas$ on respect = !       
pr9ciple ( equal rights &               
self-det]m9ation ( peoples1 & to take   
o!r appropriate measures to /r5g!n      

univ]sal peace2 ,:]eas ! ,kurdi/an      
,region ( ,iraq 7,,kri7 meets ! crit]ia 
= po/-,cold ,w> /ate recognition set =? 
9 ! ,*>t] ( ,p>is & ! ,vi5na            
,decl>ation2 ,:]eas ! ,,kri meets ! f\r 
crit]ia 9 article #a ( ! ,montevideo    
,conv5tion on ! ,rights & ,duties (     
,/ates1 featur+ a p]man5t population1 a 
def9$ t]ritory1 a gov]nm5t1 & ! capacity
 to ent] into relations ) o!r /ates2    
,:]eas ! ,kurdi% p meet ! objective     
requirem5ts = ! "r ( self-det]m9ation1  
:i* include a common language1 religion1
 e?nic backgr\nd1 cultural h]itage1 &   
hi/ory2 ,:]eas ! ,,kri has prov5 z      
,am]ica's mo/ effective p>tn] aga9/ !   
s-call$ ,islamic ,/ate1 provid+ ! ,unit$
 ,/ates & coalition p>tn]s ) gr\nd =ces 
suffici5t z to n require sub/antial     
,am]ican gr\nd =ces2 ,:]eas ! ,,kri arm$
 =ces1 kn[n z ,pe%m]ga1 h sacrific$     
almo/ #b1jjj fight]s1 ) #i1jjj w\nd$ & m
 ?an #fj miss+ dur+ op]ations aga9/ !   
s-call$ ,islamic ,/ate2 ,:]eas ! ,,kri  
has provid$ refuge & aid to ne>ly two   

million refugees & int]nally displac$   
p]sons dur+ ! c\rse ( ! ,iraqi & ,syrian
 civil w>s2 ,:]eas ! ,,kri has          
demon/rat$ comm5dable commitm5t &       
progress = religi\s & e?nic pluralism1  
includ+ = _! ,assyrian_/,*aldean        
,*ri/ian1 ,baha'i1 ,jewi%1 ,kaka'i1     
,m&ean1 ,%abak1 ,%ia1 ,turkm51 ,yazidi1 
& ,zoroa/rian m9orities1 9 addition to  
demon/rat$ commitm5t & progress = g5d]  
equality2 ,:]eas ! ,kurds are a         
hi/orically prov5 ally aga9/ tyranny &  
t]ror1 includ+ aga9/ ,saddam ,husse9's  
regime1 & t]ror gr\ps su* z al ,qa$a &  
,ans> al-,islam2 ,:]eas ,saddam ,husse91
 z dictator ( ,iraq1 pursu$ a campaign (
 e?nic cleans+ & displacem5t ( ! ,kurds1
 result+ 9 z _m z #ahb1jjj civilian     
dea?s1 ) ! aim ( t]ritorial expansion at
 ,kurdi% exp5se2 ,:]eas accord+ to      
,unit$ ,nations ,g5]al ,assembly        
,resolution #bfbe1 ! "r to              
self-det]m9ation ( a p sup]s$es         
t]ritorial integrity :5 a c\ntry has    
violat$ ! economic1 social1 & cultural  

developm5t ( a p1 & :5 t p h a valid    
t]ritorial claim to ! area2 ,:]eas      
despite intractable disputes betwe5 !   
,,kri & ! ,iraqi c5tral gov]nm5t1 !     
,,kri has demon/rat$ commitm5t to       
non-viol5t pursuit ( _! /atehood        
ambitions2 & ,:]eas ! ,kurdi/an ,region 
,p>liam5t ( ,iraq enact$ a legislative  
m&ate = ,iraqi ,kurdi/an's #be ,septemb]
 indep5d5ce ref]5dum on ,septemb] #ae1  
#bjag1 foll[+ =mal calls f a majority ( 
political p>ties 9 ! ,kurdi/an ,regional
 ,gov]nm5t3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x  ,t x is ! 
s5se ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives t--    
7#a7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates recognizes !       
sacrifices1 commitm5t to human rights1 &
 legal & moral case = self-det]m9ation (
 ! resid5ts ( ! ,kurdi/an ,region (     
,iraq 7,,kri71 & t ! resid5ts ( ! ,,kri 
h ! fre$om to decide )\t outside        
co]cion2 &  7#b7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates calls  
on ! int]national community & dome/ic   
in/itutions to likewise recognize ! "r (
 self-det]m9ation ( ! p ( ! ,,kri4