,i #aae? ,,congress #b;d ,session ,h4 ,r4 #gagh ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,novemb] #bg1 #bjah,mr4 ,re$ 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,gos>1 ,mr4 ,brat1 & ,mr4 ,k+ ( ,i[a7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y ,a ,,bill ,to e/abli% a uni=m & m effici5t ,f$]al process = protect+ prop]ty own]s' rights gu>ante$ by ! fif? am5dm5t4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,def5se ( ,prop]ty ,rights ,act4 #b4 ,f9d+s ,! ,congress f9ds t-- 7#a7 ! private own]%ip ( prop]ty is ess5tial to a free society & is an integral "p ( ! ,am]ican tradition ( lib]ty & limit$ gov]nm5t2 7#b7 ! fram]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution1 9 ord] to protect private prop]ty & lib]ty1 devis$ a framework ( ,gov]nm5t design$ to diffuse p[] & limit ,gov]nm5t2 7#c7 to fur!r ensure ! protection ( private prop]ty1 ! fif? am5dm5t to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution 0 ratifi$ to prev5t ! tak+ ( private prop]ty by ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 except = public use & ) j comp5sation2 7#d7 ! purpose ( ! tak+s clause ( ! fif? am5dm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution1 z ! ,supreme ,c\rt /at$ 9 ,arm/rong v4 ,unit$ ,/ates1 #cfd ,u4,s4 #dj1 #di 7#aifj71 is to b> ,gov]nm5t f =c+ "s p alone to be> public burd5s1 :i* 9 all fairness & ju/ice1 %\ld be borne by ! public z a :ole2 7#e7 ! ag5cies1 9 _! ef=ts to ameliorate public h>ms & environm5tal abuse1 h s+l$ out prop]ty hold]s to %\ld] ! co/ t %\ld be borne by ! public1 9 violation ( ! j comp5sation requirem5t ( ! tak+s clause ( ! fif? am5dm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution2 7#f7 !re is a ne$ to bo? re/ra9 ! ag5cies 9 _! ov]zeal\s regulation ( ! private sector & to protect private prop]ty1 :i* is a fundam5tal "r ( ! ,am]ican p2 7#g7 ! increm5tal1 fact-specific approa* t c\rts n[ are requir$ to employ 9 ! abs5ce ( adequate /atutory language to v9dicate prop]ty rights "u ! fif? am5dm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution has be5 ineffective & co/ly & !re is a ne$ = ,congress to cl>ify ! law & provide an effective rem$y2 7#h7 c]ta9 provisions ( sections #acdf & #adjb & *apt] #ia ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code 7commonly kn[n z ! ,tuck] ,act71 t del9eates ! jurisdiction ( c\rts he>+ prop]ty rights claims1 complicates ! ability ( a prop]ty own] to v9dicate a prop]ty own]'s "r to j comp5sation = a gov]nm5tal action t has caus$ a physical or regulatory tak+2 7#i7 curr5t law-- 7,a7 =ces a prop]ty own] to elect betwe5 equitable relief 9 ! di/rict c\rt & monet>y relief 7! value ( ! prop]ty tak57 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,f$]al ,claims2 7,b7 is us$ to urge dismissal 9 ! di/rict c\rt on ! gr\nd t ! pla9tiff %\ld seek j comp5sation 9 ! ,c\rt ( ,f$]al ,claims2 & 7,c7 is us$ to urge dismissal 9 ! ,c\rt ( ,f$]al ,claims on ! gr\nd t ! pla9tiff %\ld seek equitable relief 9 di/rict c\rt2 7#aj7 prop]ty own]s _c fully v9dicate prop]ty rights 9 "o c\rt2 7#aa7 prop]ty own]s %\ld be able to fully recov] = a tak+ ( _! private prop]ty 9 "o c\rt2 7#ab7 c]ta9 provisions ( sections #acdf & #adjb & *apt] #ia ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code 7commonly kn[n z ! ,tuck] ,act7 %\ld be am5d$1 giv+ bo? ! di/rict c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! ,c\rt ( ,f$]al ,claims jurisdiction to he> all claims relat+ to prop]ty rights2 & 7#ac7 section #aejj ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 :i* d5ies ! ,c\rt ( ,f$]al ,claims jurisdiction to ent]ta9 a suit :i* is p5d+ 9 ano!r c\rt & made by ! same pla9tiff1 %\ld be repeal$4 #c4 ,purpose ,! purpose ( ?is ,act is to-- 7#a7 enc\rage1 support1 & promote ! private own]%ip ( prop]ty by ensur+ ! con/itutional & legal protection ( private prop]ty by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t2 7#b7 e/abli% a cle>1 uni=m1 & effici5t judicial process :]eby aggriev$ prop]ty own]s c obta9 v9dication ( prop]ty rights gu>ante$ by ! fif? am5dm5t to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution & ?is ,act2 7#c7 am5d c]ta9 provisions ( ! ,tuck] ,act1 includ+ ! repeal ( section #aejj ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code2 7#d7 rectify ! con/itutional imbalance betwe5 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t & ! ,/ates2 & 7#e7 require ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t & ,/ates to comp5sate prop]ty own]s = ! deprivation ( prop]ty rights4 #d4 ,def9itions ,= purposes ( ?is ,act ! t]m-- 7#a7 ag5cy means a dep>tm5t1 ag5cy1 indep5d5t ag5cy1 or in/rum5tality ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or an individual ,/ate1 includ+ any milit>y dep>tm5t1 ,gov]nm5t corporation1 ,gov]nm5t-controll$ corporation1 or o!r e/abli%m5t 9 ! executive bran* ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t or an individual ,/ate2 7#b7 ag5cy action means any action or decision tak51 p]man5tly or tempor>ily1 by an ag5cy t-- 7,a7 takes a prop]ty "r2 or 7,b7 unreasonably imp$es ! use ( prop]ty or ! ex]cise ( prop]ty int]e/s or significantly int]f]es ) inve/m5t-back$ expectations2 7#c7 j comp5sation-- 7,a7 means comp5sation equal to ! full ext5t ( a prop]ty own]'s loss1 includ+ ! fair m>ket value ( ! private prop]ty tak5 & bus9ess losses aris+ f a tak+1 :e!r ! tak+ is by physical occupation or ?r\gh regulation1 exaction1 or o!r means2 & 7,b7 %all include comp\nd$ int]e/ calculat$ f ! date ( ! tak+ until ! date ! ag5cy t5d]s paym5t2 7#d7 own] means ! own] or possessor ( prop]ty or rights 9 prop]ty at ! "t ! tak+ occurs1 includ+ :5-- 7,a7 ! /atute1 regulation1 rule1 ord]1 guidel9e1 policy1 or action is pass$ or promulgat$2 or 7,b7 ! p]mit1 lic5se1 au?orization1 or gov]nm5tal p]mission is d5i$ or susp5d$2 7#e7 private prop]ty or prop]ty means all prop]ty protect$ "u ! fif? am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 any applicable ,f$]al or ,/ate law1 or ?is ,act1 & includes-- 7,a7 real prop]ty1 :e!r ve/$ or unve/$1 includ+-- 7i7 e/ates 9 fee1 life e/ates1 e/ates = ye>s1 or o!rwise2 7ii7 in*oate int]e/s 9 real prop]ty su* z rema9d]s & future int]e/s2 7iii7 p]sonalty t is affix$ to or appurt5ant to real prop]ty2 7iv7 easem5ts2 7v7 leaseholds2 7vi7 record$ li5s2 & 7vii7 contracts or o!r security int]e/s 91 or relat$ to1 real prop]ty2 7,b7 ! "r to use wat] or ! "r to receive wat]1 includ+ any record$ l9es on su* wat] "r2 7,c7 r5ts1 issues1 & pr(its ( l&1 includ+ m9]als1 timb]1 fodd]1 crops1 oil & gas1 coal1 or geo!rmal en]gy2 7,d7 prop]ty rights provid$ by1 or memorializ$ 91 a contract1 except t su* rights %all n be con/ru$ "u ?is title to prev5t ! ,unit$ ,/ates f prohibit+ ! =mation ( contracts deem$ to h>m ! public welf>e or to prev5t ! execution ( contracts =-- 7i7 national security reasons2 or 7ii7 exig5cies t pres5t imm$iate or reasonably =eseeable ?reats or injuries to life or prop]ty2 7,e7 any int]e/ def9$ z prop]ty "u ,/ate law2 or 7,f7 any int]e/ und]/ood to be prop]ty bas$ on cu/om1 usage1 common law1 or mutually re9=c+ und]/&+s suffici5tly well-gr\nd$ 9 law to back a claim ( int]e/2 & 7#f7 tak+ ( private prop]ty-- 7,a7 means any action :]eby private prop]ty is directly tak5 9 "p or 9 :ole z to require comp5sation "u ! fif? am5dm5t to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution or "u ?is ,act1 includ+ by physical invasion1 regulation1 exaction1 condition1 or o!r means2 & 7,b7 %all n include-- 7i7 a condemnation action fil$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 an applicable c\rt2 or 7ii7 an action fil$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates relat+ to crim9al =feiture4 #e4 ,comp5sation = tak5 prop]ty 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,no ag5cy %all take private prop]ty 9 "p or 9 :ole except = public purpose & ) j comp5sation to ! prop]ty own]4 ,a prop]ty own] %all receive j comp5sation if-- 7#a7 z a consequ5ce ( a decision ( any ag5cy private prop]ty 79 "p or 9 :ole7 has be5 physically invad$ or tak5 )\t ! cons5t ( ! own]2 & 7#b7 7,a7 su* action does n sub/antially advance ! /at$ gov]nm5tal int]e/ to be a*iev$ by ! legislation or regulation on :i* ! action is bas$2 7,b7 su* action exacts ! own]'s con/itutional or o!rwise lawful "r to use ! prop]ty or a portion ( su* prop]ty z a condition = ! grant+ ( a p]mit1 lic5se1 v>iance1 or any o!r ag5cy action )\t a r\gh proportionality betwe5 ! /at$ ne$ = ! requir$ d$ication & ! impact ( ! propos$ use ( ! prop]ty2 7,c7 su* action results 9 ! prop]ty own] be+ depriv$1 ei!r tempor>ily or p]man5tly1 ( all or sub/antially all economically b5eficial or productive use ( ! prop]ty or t "p ( ! prop]ty affect$ by ! action )\t a %[+ t su* deprivation inh]es 9 ! title itself2 7,d7 su* action dim9i%es ! fair m>ket value ( ! prop]ty :i* is ! subject ( ! action by ! less] (-- 7i7 #bj p]c5t or m ) respect to ! value imm$iately prior to ! gov]nm5tal action2 or 7ii7 #bj1jjj1 or m ) respect to ! value imm$iately prior to ! gov]nm5tal action2 or 7,e7 "u any o!r circum/ance :]e a tak+ has occurr$ )9 ! mean+ ( ! fif? am5dm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution4 7b7 ,burd5 ( pro( 7#a7 ,! ag5cy %all be> ! burd5 ( pro( 9 any action describ$ "u-- 7,a7 subsection 7a77#b77;,a71 ) reg>d to %[+ ! nexus betwe5 ! /at$ gov]nm5tal purpose ( ! gov]nm5tal int]e/ & ! impact on ! propos$ use ( private prop]ty2 7,b7 subsection 7a77#b77;,b71 ) reg>d to %[+ ! proportionality betwe5 ! exaction & ! impact ( ! propos$ use ( ! prop]ty2 & 7,c7 subsection 7a77#b77;,c71 ) reg>d to %[+ t su* deprivation ( value inh]es 9 ! title to ! prop]ty4 7#b7 ,! prop]ty own] %all h ! burd5 ( pro( 9 any action describ$ "u subsection 7a77#b77;,d71 ) reg>d to e/abli%+ ! dim9ution ( value ( prop]ty4 #f4 ,jurisdiction & judicial review 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,a prop]ty own] may file a civil action "u ?is ,act to *all5ge ! validity ( any ag5cy action t adv]sely affects ! own]'s int]e/ 9 private prop]ty 9 ei!r ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt or ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,f$]al ,claims4 ,?is section con/itutes express waiv] ( ! sov]eign immunity ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( law & not)/&+ ! issues involv$1 ! relief s\ght1 or ! am\nt 9 controv]sy1 ea* c\rt %all h concurr5t jurisdiction ov] bo? claims = monet>y relief & claims seek+ invalidation ( any ,act ( ,congress or any ag5cy action def9$ "u ?is ,act affect+ private prop]ty rights4 ,! pla9tiff %all h ! election ( ! c\rt 9 :i* to file a claim = relief4 7b7 ,/&+ ,p]sons adv]sely affect$ by an ag5cy action tak5 "u ?is ,act %all h /&+ to *all5ge & seek judicial review ( t action4 7c7 ,am5dm5ts to title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code 7#a7 ,section #adia7;a7 ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#a7 by am5d+ ! fir/ s5t5ce to read z foll[s3 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,f$]al ,claims %all h jurisdiction to r5d] judgm5t ^u any claim aga9/ an ag5cy = monet>y relief f\nd$ ei!r ^u ! ,con/itution or any ,act ( ,congress or any regulation ( an executive dep>tm5t1 or ^u any express or impli$ contract ) an ag5cy1 9 cases n s\nd+ 9 tort1 or = invalidation ( any ,act ( ,congress or any regulation ( an executive dep>tm5t t adv]sely affects private prop]ty rights 9 violation ( ! fif? am5dm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution2 7,b7 9 p>agraph 7#b7 by ins]t+ be=e ! fir/ s5t5ce ! foll[+3 ,9 any case )9 its jurisdiction1 ! ,c\rt ( ,f$]al ,claims %all h ! p[] to grant injunctive & decl>atory relief :5 appropriate42 & 7,c7 by add+ at ! end !re( ! foll[+ new p>agraphs3 7#d7 ,9 cases o!rwise )9 its jurisdiction1 ! ,c\rt ( ,f$]al ,claims %all also h ancill>y jurisdiction1 concurr5t ) ! c\rts designat$ 9 section #acdf7;b7 ( ?is title1 to r5d] judgm5t ^u any relat$ tort claim au?oriz$ "u section #bfgd ( ?is title4 7#e7 ,9 proce$+s )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! ,c\rt ( ,f$]al ,claims :i* con/itute judicial review ( ag5cy action 7r ?an de novo proce$+s71 ! provisions ( section #gjf ( title #e %all apply4 4 7#b7 7,a7 ,section #aejj ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is repeal$4 7,b7 ,! table ( sections = *apt] #ia ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by /rik+ out ! item relat+ to section #aejj4 #g4 ,/atute ( limitations ,! /atute ( limitations = actions br\ght "u ?is title %all be #f ye>s f ! date ( ! tak+ ( prop]ty4 #h4 ,attorneys' fees & co/s ,! c\rt1 9 issu+ any f9al ord] 9 any action br\ght "u ?is ,act1 %all aw>d co/s ( litigation 7includ+ reasonable attorney & exp]t witness fees7 to any prevail+ pla9tiff4 #i4 ,alt]native dispute resolution 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,ei!r p>ty to a dispute ov] a tak+ ( prop]ty z def9$ "u ?is ,act or litigation comm5c$ "u ?is ,act may elect to resolve ! dispute ?r\gh settlem5t or arbitration4 ,9 ! adm9i/ration ( ?is section-- 7#a7 su* alt]native dispute resolution may only be effectuat$ by ! cons5t ( all p>ties2 7#b7 arbitration proc$ures %all be 9 accordance ) ! alt]native dispute resolution proc$ures e/abli%$ by ! ,am]ican ,arbitration ,association2 & 7#c7 9 no ev5t %all arbitration be a condition prec$5t or an adm9i/rative proc$ure to be exhau/$ be=e ! fil+ ( a civil action "u ?is ,act4 7b7 ,review ( arbitration ,appeal f arbitration decisions %all be to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt or ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,f$]al ,claims 9 ! mann] prescrib$ by law = ! claim "u ?is ,act4 #aj4 ,rules ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be con/ru$ to int]f]e ) ! au?ority ( any ,/ate to create additional prop]ty rights4 #aa4 ,sev]ability ,if any provision ( ?is ,act1 an am5dm5t made by ?is ,act1 or ! application ( su* provision or am5dm5t to any p]son or circum/ance is held to be uncon/itutional1 ! rema9d] ( ?is ,act1 ! am5dm5ts made by ?is ,act1 & ! application ( ! provisions ( su* to any p]son or circum/ance %all n be affect$ !reby4 #ab4 ,effective date ,! provisions ( ?is ,act %all apply to actions comm5c$ on or aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4