,i  #aae? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  ,h4
 ,r4 #gjjb  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(          
,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #bh1        
#bjah,mr4 ,s*weik]t introduc$ ! foll[+  
bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on   
,en]gy & ,comm]ce  ,a ,,bill  ,to am5d !
 ,electronic ,signatures 9 ,global &    
,national ,comm]ce ,act to cl>ify !     
applicability ( su* ,act to electronic  
records1 electronic signatures1 & sm>t  
contracts creat$1 /or$1 or secur$ on or 
?r\gh a block*a91 to provide uni=m      
national /&>ds reg>d+ ! legal effect1   
validity1 & en=ceability ( su* records1 
signatures1 & contracts1 & = o!r        
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ! ,block*a9 ,records &       
,transactions ,act ( #bjah4  #b4        
,am5dm5ts to ,electronic ,signatures 9  
,global & ,national ,comm]ce ,act  7a7  
,exception to exemption f preemption =  
block*a9 recognition ,section #ajb ( !  
,electronic ,signatures 9 ,global &     
,national ,comm]ce ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4  
#gjjb7 is am5d$--  7#a7 by r$esignat+   

subsections 7b7 & 7c7 z subsections 7c7 
& 7d71 respectively2 &  7#b7 by ins]t+  
aft] subsection 7a7 ! foll[+3  7b7      
,exception = block*a9 recognition       
,subsection 7a7 %all n apply to a ,/ate 
/atute1 regulation1 or o!r rule ( law t 
modifies1 limits1 or sup]s$es !         
provisions ( section #aja1 unless su*   
/atute1 regulation1 or rule ( law gives 
electronic records1 electronic          
signatures1 & sm>t contracts creat$1    
/or$1 or secur$ on or ?r\gh a block*a9  
legal effect1 validity1 & en=ceability1 
:e!r express or impli$1 t is equival5t  
to ! legal effect1 validity1 &          
en=ceability grant$ by ?is title & title
 ,,ii4  4  7b7 ,def9itions  7#a7        
,electronic ,p>agraph 7#b7 ( section    
#ajf ( ! ,electronic ,signatures 9      
,global & ,national ,comm]ce ,act 7#ae  
,u4,s4,c4 #gjjf7 is am5d$ by ins]t+ 1   
includ+ a block*a9 be=e ! p]iod at !    
end4  7#b7 ,electronic ag5t ,p>agraph   
7#c7 ( su* section is am5d$ by add+ at !
 end ! foll[+3 ,su* t]m includes a sm>t 

contract44  7#c7 ,electronic record     
,p>agraph 7#d7 ( su* section is am5d$ by
 add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 ,su* t]m       
includes a block*a9 & a sm>t contract or
 o!r record creat$1 /or$1 or secur$ on  
or ?r\gh a block*a944  7#d7 ,electronic 
signature ,p>agraph 7#e7 ( su* section  
is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 ,su*
 t]m includes a signature creat$1 /or$1 
or secur$ on or ?r\gh a block*a944  7#e7
 ,block*a92 sm>t contract ,su* section  
is fur!r am5d$--  7,a7 by r$esignat+    
p>agraphs 7#ab7 & 7#ac7 z p>agraphs     
7#ad7 & 7#ae71 respectively2  7,b7 by   
r$esignat+ p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#aa7 z 
p>agraphs 7#b7 ?r\gh 7#ab71             
respectively2  7,c7 by ins]t+ be=e      
p>agraph 7#b7 7z s r$esignat$7 ! foll[+3
  7#a7 ,block*a9 ,! t]m block*a9 means  
s(tw>e t uses a di/ribut$ digital l$g] (
 cryptographically sign$ transactions t 
are gr\p$ into blocks1 ea* ( :i*--  7,a7
 is cryptographically l9k$ to ! previ\s 
block aft] validation & und]go+ a       
cons5sus decision2 &  7,b7 :5 add$ z a  

new block1 makes any old] blocks m      
difficult to modify & is replicat$      
across all copies ( ! l$g] )9 ! relevant
 network1 ) any conflicts 9 su* blocks  
resolv$ automatically us+ e/abli%$      
rules4  2 &  7,d7 by ins]t+ aft]        
p>agraph 7#ab7 7z s r$esignat$7 !       
foll[+3  7#ac7 ,sm>t contract ,! t]m    
sm>t contract means a comput] program t 
reflects an agreem5t1 9 :ole or 9 "p1   
betwe5 two or m p>ties to execute       
transactions automatically bas$ on !    
occurr5ce ( agre$-^u ev5ts4  4