,i  #aae? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  ,h4
 ,r4 #fheb  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(          
,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #bj1        
#bjah,mrs4 ,com/ock introduc$ ! foll[+  
bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on   
,transportation & ,infra/ructure  ,a    
,,bill  ,to am5d ! ,au?orization =      
,capital & ,prev5tive ,ma9t5ance        
,projects = ! ,wa%+ton ,metropolitan    
,area ,transit ,au?ority & ! ,national  
,capital ,area ,int]e/ ,arbitration     
,/&>ds ,act ( #aiie1 & = o!r purposes4  
#a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z 
! ,grants = ,reliable1 ,effici5t1 &     
,acc\ntable ,transit ,act4  #b4         
,def9itions ,= ! purposes ( ?is ,act3   
7#a7 ,au?ority ,! t]m ,au?ority means ! 
,wa%+ton ,metropolitan ,area ,transit   
,au?ority e/abli%$ "u article ,,iii ( ! 
compact 7,public ,law #hi-ggd2 #hj ,/at4
 #acbd74  7#b7 ,bo>d ,! t]m ,bo>d means 
! ,bo>d ( ,directors ( ! ,wa%+ton       
,metropolitan ,area ,transit ,au?ority4 
7#c7 ,compact ,! t]m ,compact means !   
,wa%+ton ,metropolitan ,area ,transit   

,au?ority ,compact4  7#d7 ,director ,!  
t]m ,director means a memb] ( ! ,bo>d ( 
,directors ( ! ,wa%+ton ,metropolitan   
,area ,transit ,au?ority4  7#e7         
,secret>y ,! t]m ,secret>y means !      
,secret>y ( ,transportation4  7#f7      
,signatory ,! t]m ,signatory means !    
,/ate ( ,m>yl&1 ! ,commonweal? (        
,virg9ia1 or ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia4    
7#g7 ,/ate ,! t]m ,/ate includes !      
,di/rict ( ,columbia4  7#h7 ,,wmata ,!  
t]m ,,wmata means ! ,wa%+ton            
,metropolitan ,area ,transit ,au?ority4 
7#i7 ,wa%+ton metropolitan area transit 
zone ,! t]m ,wa%+ton ,metropolitan ,area
 ,transit ,zone means ! zone creat$ by &
 describ$ 9 section #c ( ! ,compact1 z  
well z any additional area t may be add$
 pursuant to section #hc7;a7 ( su*      
,compact4  ,i ,metro ,fund+  #a4        
,reau?orization ( ! au?orization =      
capital & prev5tive ma9t5ance projects =
 ! ,wa%+ton ,metropolitan ,area ,transit
 ,au?ority ,section #fja7;f7 ( !        
,pass5g] ,rail ,inve/m5t & ,improvem5t  

,act ( #bjjh 7,public ,law #aaj-dcb2    
#abf ,/at4 #difh7 is am5d$ to read z    
foll[s3  7f7 ,am\nt ,!re are au?oriz$ to
 be appropriat$ to ! ,secret>y (        
,transportation = grants "u ?is section 
an aggregate am\nt n to exce$           
#a1ejj1jjj1jjj to be available 9        
increm5ts 9 ea* fiscal ye> next occurr+ 
until su* fund+ is exp5d$4  4  ,,ii     
,arbitration  #a4 ,national capital area
 int]e/ arbitration /&>ds ,sections     
#ahcja ?r\gh #ahcjd ( *apt] #ahc ( title
 #dj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 are am5d$ to 
read z foll[s3  #ahcja4 ,f9d+s &        
purposes  7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds t-- 
7#a7 safe1 reliable1 & af=dable public  
transportation at suffici5t levels is   
ess5tial to ! economic vitality ( !     
national capital area & is an ess5tial  
compon5t ( regional ef=ts to improve air
 quality to meet environm5tal           
requirem5ts & to improve ! heal? ( bo?  
resid5ts ( & visitors to ! national     
capital area z well z to pres]ve !      
beauty & dignity ( ! ,nation's capital2 

7#b7 use ( mass transit by bo? resid5ts 
( & visitors to ! national capital area 
is sub/antially affect$ by ! prices *>g$
 = mass transit s]vices1 prices t are   
sub/antially affect$ by labor co/s1 s9ce
 m ?an #gj p]c5t ( op]at+ co/s are      
attributable to labor co/s2  7#c7 labor 
co/s incurr$ 9 provid+ mass transit 9 ! 
national capital area h increas$ at an  
al>m+ rate & are unsu/a9able 9 light ( !
 f9ancial condition ( int]/ate ,compact 
ag5cies provid+ mass transit s]vices 9 !
 national capital area2  7#d7 high]     
op]at+ co/s incurr$ = public transit 9 !
 national capital area _c be (fset by   
increas+ co/s to patrons1 s9ce ?is (t5  
disc\rages rid]%ip & ?us und]m9es !     
public int]e/ 9 promot+ ! use ( public  
transit2  7#e7 high] op]at+ co/s incurr$
 = public transit 9 ! national capital  
area _c be (fset by s]vice cuts s9ce ?is
 und]m9es ! public int]e/ 9 promot+ !   
use ( public transit & c\ld impact      
public safety2  7#f7 spiral+ labor co/s 
_c be (fset by ! gov]nm5tal entities t  

are responsible = subsidy paym5ts =     
public transit s]vices s9ce local       
gov]nm5ts face o!r sub/antial f9ancial  
obligations2  7#g7 labor co/s _c be     
increas$ dur+ p]iods ( "t :5 an int]/ate
 ,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 ! national     
capital area provid+ public             
transportation is f9ancially /ress$ tak+
 into acc\nt op]at+ co/s1 legacy b5efit 
obligations1 capital ne$s1 & res]ve     
levels2  7#h7 imposition ( m&atory /&>ds
 applicable to arbitrators resolv+      
arbitration disputes involv+ int]/ate   
,compact ag5cies op]at+ 9 ! national    
capital area w ensure t wages1 b5efits1 
& o!r t]ms & conditions ( employm5t1    
includ+ "w rules1 are ju/ifi$ & d n     
adv]sely impact ! ability ( ! int]/ate  
,compact ag5cies to provide af=dable1   
safe1 & reliable public transit s]vices 
at levels suffici5t to s]ve ! ne$s ( !  
,wa%+ton metropolitan area2  7#i7 ,f$]al
 legislation is requir$ to ensure t     
int]e/ arbitration decisions d n        
adv]sely impact ! ability ( int]/ate    

,compact ag5cies op]at+ 9 ! national    
capital area to em]ge f p]iods (        
f9ancial /ress & avoid future p]iods (  
f9ancial /ress2 &  7#aj7 ,f$]al         
legislation is necess>y "u section #h ( 
article ,i ( ! ,con/itution to balance !
 ne$ to mod]ate & l[] labor co/s :ile   
ma9ta9+ labor peace4  7b7 ,purpose ,!   
purpose ( ?is *apt] is to adopt /&>ds   
gov]n+ arbitration t arbitrators mu/    
apply exclusively 9 resolv+ disputes    
involv+ int]/ate ,compact ag5cies op]at+
 9 ! national capital area 9 ord] to l[]
 op]at+ co/s & facilitate ! provision ( 
safe1 reliable1 & af=dable public       
transit s]vices at suffici5t levels 9 ! 
,wa%+ton metropolitan area4  #ahcjb4    
,def9itions ,9 ?is *apt]1 ! foll[+      
def9itions apply3 7#a7 ,arbitration ,!  
t]m arbitration--  7,a7 means !         
arbitration ( disputes1 reg>d+ ! t]ms & 
conditions ( employm5t1 t is requir$ "u 
an int]/ate ,compact gov]n+ an int]/ate 
,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 ! national      
capital area2 b  7,b7 does n include !  

int]pretation & application ( rights    
aris+ f an exi/+ collective b>ga9+      
agreem5t4  7#b7 ,arbitrator ,! t]m      
arbitrator ref]s to ei!r a s+le         
arbitrator1 or a bo>d ( arbitrators1    
*os5 "u applicable proc$ures4  7#c7     
,int]/ate compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 !      
national capital area ,! t]m int]/ate   
,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 ! national      
capital area means any int]/ate ,compact
 ag5cy t provides public transit s]vices
 & t 0 e/abli%$ by an int]/ate ,compact 
to :i* ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia is a      
signatory4  7#d7 ,f9ancial /ress ,! t]m 
f9ancial /ress means t at lea/ two ( !  
foll[+ #c f9ancial issues are affect+ an
 int]/ate ,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 !     
national capital area3  7,a7 ,! int]/ate
 ,compact ag5cy's ratio ( op]at+ rev5ues
 7exclud+ any subsidy paym5t or budget>y
 assi/ance7 to op]at+ exp5ses 7z measur$
 on ! la/ date ( ea* fiscal ye>7 has    
decreas$ 9 ! aggregate ov] ! prec$+     
#b-ye> p]iod4  7,b7 ,! int]/ate ,compact
 ag5cy has tak5 at lea/ "o ( ! foll[+   

measures dur+ ! prec$+ #b-ye> p]iod3    
7i7 ,r$uc$ s]vice4  7ii7 ,increas$ f>es4
  7iii7 ,div]t$ capital funds to pay =  
op]at+ exp5ses dur+ a p]iod 9 :i* !     
int]/ate ,compact ag5cy's ratio (       
capital backlog to sy/em value is great]
 ?an ! av]age ratio ( capital backlog to
 sy/em value = o!r ,unit$ ,/ates transit
 sy/ems4  7,c7 ,x is n reasonably       
=eseeable t ! int]/ate ,compact ag5cy w 
be 9 a /ate ( good repair )9 ! foll[+ #b
 ye>s z det]m9$ by ! ,f$]al ,transit    
,adm9i/ration's ,transit ,economic      
,requirem5ts ,model or any o!r          
alt]native model t ! ,f$]al ,transit    
,adm9i/ration may utilize 9 ! future4   
#ahcjc4 ,/&>ds = arbitrators  7a7       
,def9ition ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m public 
welf>e means1 ) respect to arbitration  
"u an int]/ate ,compact-- 7#a7 ! ability
 ( ! int]/ate ,compact ag5cy to f9ance  
wages & b5efits result+ f an            
arbitrator's aw>d consi/5t ) its        
project$ op]at+ & capital budgets dur+ !
 t]m ( su* aw>d )\t adv]sely impact+ !  

ag5cy's ability to provide safe1        
reliable1 & af=dable public             
transportation at suffici5t levels2     
7#b7 ! ability ( ! int]/ate ,compact    
ag5cy to f9ance wages & b5efits result+ 
f an arbitrator's aw>d z set =? 9       
subsection 7c72 &  7#c7 ! cont9uity &   
/ability ( int]/ate ,compact ag5cy      
op]ations to ! effect t su* op]ations   
are n detrim5tal to any facet ( !       
regional economy or to ! ability (      
employees ( ! ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local   
gov]nm5ts to conduct bus9ess4  7b7      
,factors 9 mak+ arbitration aw>d ,an    
arbitrator r5d]+ an arbitration aw>d    
involv+ ! employees ( an int]/ate       
,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 ! national      
capital area mu/ exclusively consid] !  
foll[+ factors1 9 addition to ! factors 
prescrib$ 9 subsection 7c73  7#a7 ,!    
exi/+ wages1 b5efits1 & t]ms &          
conditions ( employm5t ( ! employees 9 !
 b>ga9+ unit except t /ructural *anges  
%\ld be aw>d$ to ! b5efit ( an int]/ate 
,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 ! national      

capital area :]e su* *anges are consi/5t
 ) ! public welf>e4  7#b7 ,! reasonably 
available & ongo+ f9ancial res\rces ( ! 
int]/ate ,compact ag5cy1 tak+ into      
acc\nt ! liabilities & obligations      
7includ+ capital ne$s1 legacy b5efit    
obligations1 & res]ve levels7 ( !       
int]/ate ,compact ag5cy1 bas$ on !      
ag5cy's budget = ! curr5t ye> & its     
project$ budget = ! next #aj ye>s4  7#c7
 ,! annual increase or decrease 9       
consum] prices = goods & s]vices z      
reflect$ 9 ! mo/ rec5t ,consum] ,price  
,index = ! ,wa%+ton-,baltimore1         
,,dc-,,md-,,va-,,wv ,consolidat$        
,metropolitan ,/ati/ical ,area1 publi%$ 
by ! ,bureau ( ,labor ,/ati/ics4  7#d7  
,! wages1 b5efits1 & t]ms & conditions (
 ! employm5t ( o!r employees 9 !        
,di/rict ( ,columbia1 ,m>yl&1 & ,virg9ia
 ^: positions require qualifications &  
skills simil> to ^? requir$ by employees
 9 ! b>ga9+ unit except t an arbitrator 
r5d]+ an arbitration aw>d involv+ !     
employees ( an int]/ate ,compact ag5cy  

op]at+ 9 ! national capital area may n  
consid] ! wages1 b5efits1 & t]ms &      
conditions ( employm5t ( employees work+
 outside ( ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1      
,m>yl&1 & ,virg9ia4  7#e7 ,! wages1     
b5efits1 & t]ms & conditions ( employm5t
 applicable to o!r employees ( !        
int]/ate ,compact ag5cy tak+ into acc\nt
 ! special nature ( ! "w p]=m$ by !     
employees 9 ! b>ga9+ unit1 includ+ any  
haz>ds or ! relative ease ( employm5t1  
physical requirem5ts1 educational       
qualifications1 job tra9+ & skills1 %ift
 assignm5ts1 & ! dem&s plac$ ^u !       
employees z comp>$ to only o!r employees
 ( ! same int]/ate ,compact ag5cy4  7#f7
 ,! int]e/s & welf>e ( ! employees 9 !  
b>ga9+ unit1 includ+-- 7,a7 ! ov]all    
comp5sation pres5tly receiv$ by !       
employees1 hav+ reg>d n only = wage     
rates b also = wages = "t n work$1      
includ+ vacations1 holidays1 & o!r      
excus$ abs5ces2  7,b7 all b5efits       
receiv$ by ! employees1 includ+ previ\s 
bonuses1 insurance1 & p5sions2 &  7,c7 !

 cont9uity & /ability ( employm5t1 su* t
 ! arbitrator %all n issue an aw>d      
increas+ wages or b5efits :]e ! int]/ate
 ,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 ! national     
capital area c %[ t su* recomm5d$       
increases c\ld result 9 headc\nt        
r$uctions4  7#g7 ,! public welf>e4  7c7 
,ability ,to f9ance wages & b5efits     
provid$ 9 aw>d  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,an       
arbitrator r5d]+ an arbitration aw>d    
involv+ ! employees ( an int]/ate       
,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 ! national      
capital area %all n1 ) respect to a     
collective b>ga9+ agreem5t gov]n+       
conditions ( employm5t1 provide = wages 
or o!r b5efits t exce$ ! reasonable &   
ongo+ ability ( ! int]/ate ,compact     
ag5cy op]at+ 9 ! national capital area  
to obta9 ! necess>y f9ancial res\rces to
 pay = wage & b5efit increases =        
employees ( ! int]/ate compact ag5cy    
:ile provid+ safe1 reliable1 & af=dable 
transit s]vices at levels suffici5t to  
s]ve ! ne$s ( ! ,wa%+ton metropolitan   
area4  7#b7 ,compliance conditions ,!   

foll[+ conditions %all be met to comply 
) ?is subsection3 7,a7 ,an arbitrator's 
aw>d %all n provide = wages & b5efits t 
w result 9 an annual increase 9 op]at+  
subsidy ( m ?an #a4e p]c5t inclusive (  
bo? labor & nonlabor-relat$ op]at+ co/s1
 unless !re is sub/antial evid5ce t !   
int]/ate ,compact ag5cy is able to      
f9ance ! additional co/s consi/5t ) its 
budget & project$ budget$ co/s )\t      
adv]sely impact+ ! ag5cy's ability to   
provide safe1 reliable1 & af=dable      
public transportation at suffici5t      
levels4  7,b7 ,dur+ ^? p]iods ( "t :5 an
 int]/ate ,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 !     
national capital area is f9ancially     
/ress$1 ! arbitrator %all issue an aw>d 
t ei!r r$uces or does n increase !      
int]/ate ,compact ag5cy's p]sonnel co/s4
  7,c7 ,! arbitrator's aw>d mu/ give    
sub/antial def]5ce to ! evid5ce pres5t$ 
by ! int]/ate ,compact ag5cy's managem5t
 reg>d+ f9ancial issues4  7,d7 ,!       
arbitrator's aw>d may n cause ! int]/ate
 ,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 ! national     

capital area to be 9 noncompliance ) any
 o!r legal obligations4  7d7            
,cl>ification ,an arbitrator r5d]+ an   
arbitration aw>d involv+ ! employees (  
an int]/ate ,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 !   
national capital area %all consid] !    
factors 9 subsection 7b7 indep5d5tly f !
 factors 9 subsection 7c74  7e7         
,requirem5ts = f9al aw>d  7#a7 ,writt5  
aw>d ,9 resolv+ a dispute submitt$ to   
arbitration involv+ ! employees ( an    
int]/ate ,compact ag5cy op]at+ 9 !      
national capital area1 ! arbitrator %all
 issue a writt5 aw>d t demon/rates t all
 ! factors set =? 9 subsections 7b7 &   
7c7 h be5 consid]$ & appli$ & t !       
arbitrator has n consid]$ & appli$ any  
o!r factors4  7#b7 ,pr]equisites ,an    
aw>d may grant an increase 9 pay rates  
or b5efits 7includ+ insurance & p5sion  
b5efits71 or r$uce h\rs ( "w1 only if ! 
arbitrator concludes t any co/s to !    
ag5cy d n adv]sely affect ! public      
welf>e4  7#c7 ,sub/antial evid5ce ,!    
arbitrator's conclusion reg>d+ ! public 

welf>e mu/ be support$ by sub/antial    
evid5ce4  7f7 ,compliance ) section     
#eccc7;b7 ( title #di1 unit$ /ates code 
7#a7 ,cl>ification ,nei!r ! exi/5ce (   
?is /atute1 nor any arbitrator's aw>d   
issues pursuant to ?is law1 %all be     
deem$ to violate ! requirem5ts ( section
 #eccc7;b7 ( title #di1 ,unit$ ,/ates   
,code4  7#b7 ,prohibition on d5ial ,= ! 
avoidance ( d\bt1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,labor  
or ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,transportation %all n 
d5y any c]tification ( compliance )     
section #eccc7;b7 ( title #di1 ,unit$   
,/ates ,code1 & an int]/ate ,compact    
ag5cy op]at+ 9 ! national capital area  
%all n be d5i$ any ,f$]al grant z a     
result ( ?is /atute or any arbitrator's 
aw>d issu$ pursuant to ?is /atute4      
#ahcjd4 ,proc$ures = en=cem5t ( aw>ds   
7a7 ,modifications & f9ality ( aw>d ,)9 
#aj days aft] ! p>ties receive an       
arbitration aw>d to :i* section #ahcjc (
 ?is title applies1 ! int]/ate ,compact 
ag5cy & ! employees1 ?r\gh _!           
repres5tative1 may agree 9 writ+ on any 

modifications to ! aw>d4 ,aft] ! end ( t
 #aj-;day p]iod1 ! aw>d1 & any          
modifications1 become b9d+ on ! int]/ate
 ,compact ag5cy1 ! employees 9 ! b>ga9+ 
unit1 & ! employees' repres5tative4  7b7
 ,implem5tation ,ea* p>ty to an aw>d t  
becomes b9d+ "u subsection 7a7 %all take
 all actions necess>y to implem5t !     
aw>d4  7c7 ,judicial review ,n lat] ?an 
#fj days aft] an aw>d becomes b9d+ "u   
subsection 7a71 ! int]/ate ,compact     
ag5cy or ! exclusive repres5tative ( !  
employees conc]n$ may br+ a civil action
 9 a c\rt t has jurisdiction ov] !      
int]/ate ,compact ag5cy = review ( !    
aw>d4 ,! c\rt %all review ! aw>d on !   
record1 & %all vacate ! aw>d or any "p (
 ! aw>d1 aft] notice & a he>+1 if--     
7#a7 ! aw>d is 9 violation ( applicable 
law2  7#b7 ! arbitrator exce$$ !        
arbitrator's p[]s2  7#c7 ! decision by !
 arbitrator is arbitr>y or caprici\s2   
7#d7 ! arbitrator conduct$ ! he>+       
contr>y to ! provisions ( ?is *apt] or  
o!r laws or rules t apply to !          

arbitration s z to sub/antially         
prejudice ! rights ( a p>ty2  7#e7 !re 0
 p>tiality or misconduct by ! arbitrator
 prejudic+ ! rights ( a p>ty2  7#f7 !   
aw>d 0 procur$ by corruption1 fraud1 or 
bias on ! "p ( ! arbitrator2 or  7#g7 ! 
arbitrator did n comply ) ! provisions (
 section #ahcjc ( ?is title4  4  ,,iii  
,limits on ,annual ,sp5d+ ,increases    
#cja4 ,limit on annual contributions f  
fund+ jurisdictions = op]ations ,n lat] 
?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is 
,act1 ! ,signatories %all am5d !        
,compact to limit ! annual gr[? 9 ! rate
 ( sp5d+ by ea* ,signatory by n m ?an #c
 p]c5t to subsidize op]ational ne$s ( ! 
,au?ority4  ,,iv ,employees  #dja4      
,,wmata employee :i/lebl[] protection   
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,au?ority1 a contractor 
or a subcontractor ( ! ,au?ority1 or an 
(fic] or employee ( ! ,au?ority1 %all n 
dis*>ge1 demote1 susp5d1 reprim&1 or 9  
any o!r way discrim9ate aga9/ an        
employee ) respect to ! t]ms &          
conditions ( employm5t if su*           

discrim9ation is due1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 to
 ! employee's lawful1 good fai? act     
done1 or p]ceiv$ by ! employ] to h be5  
done or ab\t to be done--  7#a7 to      
provide in=mation1 directly cause       
in=mation to be provid$1 or o!rwise     
directly assi/ 9 any inve/igation reg>d+
 any conduct :i* ! employee reasonably  
believes con/itutes a violation ( any   
,f$]al law or regulation or provision   
adopt$ by an au?ority creat$ by an      
int]/ate ,compact relat+ to public      
transportation safety or security1 or   
fraud1 wa/e1 or abuse ( ,f$]al grants or
 o!r public funds int5d$ to be us$ =    
public transportation safety or         
security1 if ! in=mation or assi/ance is
 provid$ to or an inve/igation /emm+ f !
 provid$ in=mation is conduct$ by--     
7,a7 a ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local          
regulatory or law en=cem5t ag5cy1 or a  
regulatory or law en=cem5t ag5cy creat$ 
by an int]/ate ,compact 7includ+ an     
(fice ( ! ,inspector ,g5]al "u !        
,inspector ,g5]al ,act ( #aigh 7#e      

,u4,s4,c4 ,app42 ,public ,law #ie-deb772
  7,b7 any ,memb] ( ,congress1 any      
committee ( ,congress1 or ! ,gov]nm5t   
,acc\ntability ,(fice2 or  7,c7 a p]son 
) sup]visory au?ority ov] ! employee or 
su* o!r p]son :o has ! au?ority to      
inve/igate1 discov]1 or t]m9ate !       
misconduct2  7#b7 to refuse to violate  
or assi/ 9 ! violation ( any ,f$]al law1
 rule1 or regulation relat+ to public   
transportation safety or security2  7#c7
 to file a compla9t or directly cause to
 be br\ght a proce$+ relat$ to !        
en=cem5t ( ?is section or to te/ify 9 t 
proce$+2  7#d7 to notify1 or attempt to 
notify1 ! ,au?ority1 ! inspector g5]al1 
or ! ,secret>y ( ,transportation ( a    
"w-relat$ p]sonal injury or "w-relat$   
illness ( an employee2  7#e7 to         
accurately report h\rs on duty pursuant 
to *apt] #baa ( title #di1 ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,code2  7#f7 to coop]ate ) a safety or 
security inve/igation by ! ,secret>y (  
,transportation1 ! ,secret>y ( ,homel&  
,security1 or ! ,national               

,transportation ,safety ,bo>d2 or  7#g7 
to furni% in=mation to ! ,secret>y (    
,transportation1 ! ,secret>y ( ,homel&  
,security1 ! ,national ,transportation  
,safety ,bo>d1 or any ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or 
local regulatory or law en=cem5t ag5cy1 
or a regulatory or law en=cem5t ag5cy   
creat$ by an int]/ate ,compact1 z to !  
facts relat+ to any accid5t or incid5t  
result+ 9 injury or dea? to an          
individual or damage to prop]ty occurr+ 
9 connection ) public transportation4   
7b7 ,prompt m$ical att5tion  7#a7       
,prohibition ,! ,au?ority or p]son cov]$
 "u ?is section may n d5y1 delay1 or    
int]f]e ) ! m$ical or fir/ aid treatm5t 
( an employee :o is injur$ dur+ ! c\rse 
( employm5t4 ,if transportation to a    
hospital is reque/$ by an employee :o is
 injur$ dur+ ! c\rse ( employm5t1 !     
,au?ority %all promptly arrange to h !  
injur$ employee transport$ to ! ne>e/   
hospital :]e ! employee c receive safe &
 appropriate m$ical c>e4  7#b7          
,discipl9e ,! ,au?ority or p]son cov]$  

"u ?is section may n discipl9e1 or      
?reat5 discipl9e to1 an employee =      
reque/+ m$ical or fir/ aid treatm5t1 or 
= foll[+ ord]s or a treatm5t plan ( a   
treat+ physician1 except t ! ,au?ority's
 refusal to p]mit an employee to return 
to "w foll[+ m$ical treatm5t %all n be  
consid]$ a violation ( ?is section if ! 
refusal is pursuant to ,f$]al ,railroad 
,adm9i/ration m$ical /&>ds = fitness (  
duty or1 if !re are no p]t95t ,f$]al    
,railroad ,adm9i/ration /&>ds1 !        
,au?ority's m$ical /&>ds = fitness =    
duty4 ,= purposes ( ?is p>agraph1 ! t]m 
discipl9e means to br+ *>ges aga9/ a    
p]son 9 a discipl9>y proce$+1 susp5d1   
t]m9ate1 place on probation1 or make    
note ( reprim& on an employee's record4 
7c7 ,haz>d\s safety or security         
conditions  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! au?ority1  
or a contractor or a subcontractor ( su*
 au?ority1 or an (fic] or employee ( su*
 au?ority1 %all n dis*>ge1 demote1      
susp5d1 reprim&1 or 9 any o!r way       
discrim9ate aga9/ an employee =--  7,a7 

report+1 9 good fai?1 a haz>d\s safety  
or security condition2  7,b7 refus+ to  
"w :5 confront$ by a haz>d\s safety or  
security condition relat$ to ! p]=mance 
( ! employee's duties1 if ! conditions  
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 exi/2 or  7,c7 
refus+ to au?orize ! use ( any safety or
 security-relat$ equipm5t1 track1 or    
/ructures1 if ! employee is responsible 
= ! inspection or repair ( ! equipm5t1  
track1 or /ructures1 :5 ! employee      
believes t ! equipm5t1 track1 or        
/ructures are 9 a haz>d\s safety or     
security condition1 if ! conditions     
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 ( ?is          
subsection exi/4  7#b7 ,protect$ refusal
 ,a refusal by an employee is protect$  
"u p>agraphs 7#a7 7,b7 & 7,c7 if-- 7,a7 
! refusal is made 9 good fai? & no      
reasonable alt]native to ! refusal is   
available to ! employee2  7,b7 a        
reasonable individual 9 ! circum/ances  
!n confront+ ! employee w\ld conclude   
t-- 7i7 ! haz>d\s condition pres5ts an  
imm95t dang] ( dea? or s]i\s injury2 &  

7ii7 ! urg5cy ( ! situation does n all[ 
suffici5t "t to elim9ate ! dang] )\t su*
 refusal2 &  7,c7 ! employee1 :]e       
possible1 has notifi$ ! au?ority ( !    
exi/5ce ( ! haz>d\s condition & !       
int5tion n to p]=m fur!r "w1 or n to    
au?orize ! use ( ! haz>d\s equipm5t1    
track1 or /ructures1 unless ! condition 
is correct$ imm$iately or ! equipm5t1   
track1 or /ructures are repair$ prop]ly 
or replac$4  7#c7 ,applicability ,9 ?is 
subsection1 only subsection 7c77#a77;,a7
 %all apply to security p]sonnel1       
includ+ transit police1 employ$ or      
utiliz$ by ! au?ority to protect rid]s1 
equipm5t1 assets1 or facilities4  7d7   
,en=cem5t action  7#a7 ,fil+ &          
notification ,a p]son :o believes t he  
or %e has be5 dis*>g$ or o!rwise        
discrim9at$ aga9/ by any p]son 9        
violation ( subsection 7a71 7b71 or 7c7 
may1 n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date on
 :i* su* violation occurs1 file 7or h   
any p]son file on 8 or h] behalf7 a     
compla9t ) ! ,secret>y ( ,labor alleg+  

su* dis*>ge or discrim9ation4 ,^u       
receipt ( a compla9t fil$ "u ?is        
p>agraph1 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor %all     
notify1 9 writ+1 ! p]son nam$ 9 !       
compla9t & ! p]son's employ] ( ! fil+ ( 
! compla9t1 ( ! allegations conta9$ 9 ! 
compla9t1 ( ! sub/ance ( evid5ce        
support+ ! compla9t1 & ( ! opportunities
 t w be af=d$ to su* p]son "u p>agraph  
7#b74  7#b7 ,inve/igation2 prelim9>y    
ord]  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #fj days
 aft] ! date ( receipt ( a compla9t fil$
 "u p>agraph 7#a7 & aft] af=d+ ! p]son  
nam$ 9 ! compla9t an opportunity to     
submit to ! ,secret>y ( ,labor a writt5 
response to ! compla9t & an opportunity 
to meet ) a repres5tative ( ! ,secret>y 
( ,labor to pres5t /atem5ts f witnesses1
 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor %all conduct an   
inve/igation & det]m9e :e!r !re is      
reasonable cause to believe t ! compla9t
 has m]it & notify1 9 writ+1 !          
compla9ant & ! p]son alleg$ to h        
committ$ a violation ( subsection 7a71  
7b71 or 7c7 ( ! ,secret>y ( ,labor's    

f9d+s4 ,if ! ,secret>y ( ,labor         
concludes t !re is a reasonable cause to
 believe t a violation ( subsection 7a71
 7b71 or 7c7 has occurr$1 ! ,secret>y ( 
,labor %all accompany ! ,secret>y (     
,labor's f9d+s ) a prelim9>y ord]       
provid+ ! relief prescrib$ by p>agraph  
7#c77;,b74 ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] !  
date ( notification ( f9d+s "u ?is      
p>agraph1 ei!r ! p]son alleg$ to h      
committ$ ! violation or ! compla9ant may
 file objections to ! f9d+s or prelim9>y
 ord]1 or bo?1 & reque/ a he>+ on !     
record4 ,! fil+ ( su* objections %all n 
op]ate to /ay any re9/atem5t rem$y      
conta9$ 9 ! prelim9>y ord]4 ,su* he>+s  
%all be conduct$ exp$iti\sly4 ,if a he>+
 is n reque/$ 9 su* #cj-;day p]iod1 !   
prelim9>y ord] %all be deem$ a f9al ord]
 t is n subject to judicial review4     
7,b7 ,requirem5ts  7i7 ,requir$ %[+ by  
compla9ant ,! ,secret>y ( ,labor %all   
dismiss a compla9t fil$ "u ?is          
subsection & %all n conduct an          
inve/igation o!rwise requir$ "u         

subp>agraph 7,a7 unless ! compla9ant    
makes a prima facie %[+ t any behavior  
describ$ 9 subsection 7a71 7b71 or 7c7 0
 a contribut+ factor 9 ! unfavorable    
p]sonnel action alleg$ 9 ! compla9t4    
7ii7 ,%[+ by employ] ,not)/&+ a f9d+ by 
! ,secret>y ( ,labor t ! compla9ant has 
made ! %[+ requir$ "u clause 7i71 no    
inve/igation o!rwise requir$ "u         
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be conduct$ if !  
employ] demon/rates1 by cle> & conv9c+  
evid5ce1 t ! employ] w\ld h tak5 ! same 
unfavorable p]sonnel action 9 ! abs5ce (
 t behavior4  7iii7 ,crit]ia =          
det]m9ation by ,secret>y ( ,labor ,!    
,secret>y ( ,labor may det]m9e t a      
violation ( subsection 7a71 7b71 or 7c7 
has occurr$ only if ! compla9ant        
demon/rates t any behavior describ$ 9   
subsection 7a71 7b71 or 7c7 0 a         
contribut+ factor 9 ! unfavorable       
p]sonnel action alleg$ 9 ! compla9t4    
7iv7 ,prohibition ,relief may n be ord]$
 "u subp>agraph 7,a7 if ! employ]       
demon/rates by cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce t 

! employ] w\ld h tak5 ! same unfavorable
 p]sonnel action 9 ! abs5ce ( t         
behavior4  7#c7 ,f9al ord]  7,a7        
,deadl9e = issuance2 settlem5t agreem5ts
 ,n lat] ?an #abj days aft] ! date (    
conclusion ( a he>+ "u p>agraph 7#b71 ! 
,secret>y ( ,labor %all issue a f9al    
ord] provid+ ! relief prescrib$ by ?is  
p>agraph or d5y+ ! compla9t4 ,at any "t 
be=e issuance ( a f9al ord]1 a proce$+  
"u ?is subsection may be t]m9at$ on !   
basis ( a settlem5t agreem5t ent]$ into 
by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1 ! compla9ant1 &
 ! p]son alleg$ to h committ$ !         
violation4  7,b7 ,rem$y ,if1 9 response 
to a compla9t fil$ "u p>agraph 7#a71 !  
,secret>y ( ,labor det]m9es t a         
violation ( subsection 7a71 7b71 or 7c7 
has occurr$1 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor %all  
ord] ! p]son :o committ$ su* violation  
to--  7i7 take affirmative action to    
abate ! violation2 &  7ii7 provide !    
rem$ies describ$ 9 subsection 7e74  7,c7
 ,ord] ,if an ord] is issu$ "u          
subp>agraph 7,b71 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1 

at ! reque/ ( ! compla9ant1 %all assess 
aga9/ ! p]son aga9/ :om ! ord] is issu$ 
a sum equal to ! aggregate am\nt ( all  
co/s & exp5ses 7includ+ attorney's &    
exp]t witness fees7 reasonably incurr$1 
z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1 by ! 
compla9ant =1 or 9 connection )1 br++ ! 
compla9t ^u :i* ! ord] 0 issu$4  7,d7   
,frivol\s compla9ts ,if ! ,secret>y (   
,labor f9ds t a compla9t "u p>agraph    
7#a7 is frivol\s or has be5 br\ght 9 bad
 fai?1 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor may aw>d to 
! prevail+ employ] reasonable attorney's
 fees n exce$+ #a1jjj4  7#d7 ,review    
7,a7 ,appeal to ,c\rt ( ,appeals ,any   
p]son adv]sely affect$ or aggriev$ by an
 ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#c7 may obta9  
review ( ! ord] 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt 
( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia     
,circuit4 ,! petition = review mu/ be   
fil$ n lat] ?an #fj days aft] ! date ( !
 issuance ( ! f9al ord] ( ! ,secret>y ( 
,labor4 ,review %all con=m to *apt] #g (
 title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 ,!      
comm5cem5t ( proce$+s "u ?is subp>agraph

 %all n1 unless ord]$ by ! c\rt1 op]ate 
z a /ay ( ! ord]4  7,b7 ,limitation on  
collat]al attack ,an ord] ( ! ,secret>y 
( ,labor ) respect to :i* review c\ld h 
be5 obta9$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all n be
 subject to judicial review 9 any       
crim9al or o!r civil proce$+4  7#e7     
,en=cem5t ( ord] by ,secret>y ( ,labor  
,:5ev] any p]son has fail$ to comply )  
an ord] issu$ "u p>agraph 7#c71 !       
,secret>y ( ,labor may file a civil     
action 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = 
! di/rict 9 :i* ! violation 0 f\nd to   
occur to en=ce su* ord]4 ,9 actions     
br\ght "u ?is p>agraph1 ! di/rict c\rts 
%all h jurisdiction to grant all        
appropriate relief includ+1 b n limit$  
to1 injunctive relief & comp5satory     
damages4  7#f7 ,en=cem5t ( ord] by      
p>ties  7,a7 ,comm5cem5t ( action ,a    
p]son on ^: behalf an ord] 0 issu$ "u   
p>agraph 7#c7 may comm5ce a civil action
 aga9/ ! p]son to :om su* ord] 0 issu$  
to require compliance ) su* ord]4 ,!    
appropriate ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt  

%all h jurisdiction1 )\t reg>d to !     
am\nt 9 controv]sy or ! citiz5%ip ( !   
p>ties1 to en=ce su* ord]4  7,b7        
,attorney's fees ,! c\rt1 9 issu+ any   
f9al ord] "u ?is p>agraph1 may aw>d co/s
 ( litigation 7includ+ reasonable       
attorney's & exp]t witness fees7 to any 
p>ty :5ev] ! c\rt det]m9es su* aw>d is  
appropriate4  7#g7 ,de novo review ,)   
respect to a compla9t "u p>agraph 7#a71 
if ! ,secret>y ( ,labor has n issu$ a   
f9al decision n lat] ?an #baj days aft] 
! fil+ ( ! compla9t & if ! delay is n   
due to ! bad fai? ( ! employee1 !       
employee may br+ an orig9al action at   
law or equity = de novo review 9 !      
appropriate di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$     
,/ates1 :i* %all h jurisdiction ov] su* 
an action )\t reg>d to ! am\nt 9        
controv]sy1 & :i* action %all1 at !     
reque/ ( ei!r p>ty to su* action1 be    
tri$ by ! c\rt ) a jury4 ,! action %all 
be gov]n$ by ! same legal burd5s ( pro( 
specifi$ 9 p>agraph 7#b77;,b7 = review  
by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor4  7e7 ,rem$ies  

7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,an employee prevail+ 9   
any action "u subsection 7d7 %all be    
entitl$ to all relief necess>y to make !
 employee :ole4  7#b7 ,damages ,relief 9
 an action "u subsection 7d7 7includ+ an
 action describ$ 9 subsection 7d77#g77  
%all include--  7,a7 re9/atem5t ) ! same
 s5iority /atus t ! employee w\ld h _h1 
b = ! discrim9ation2  7,b7 any backpay1 
) int]e/2 &  7,c7 comp5satory damages1  
includ+ comp5sation = any special       
damages su/a9$ z a result ( !           
discrim9ation1 includ+ litigation co/s1 
exp]t witness fees1 & reasonable        
attorney's fees4  7f7 ,election (       
rem$ies ,an employee may n seek         
protection "u bo? ?is section & ano!r   
provision ( law = ! same alleg$ly       
unlawful act ( ! au?ority4  7g7 ,rights 
reta9$ by employee ,no?+ 9 ?is section  
%all be con/ru$ to dim9i% ! rights1     
privileges1 or rem$ies ( any employee "u
 any ,f$]al or ,/ate law1 provision     
adopt$ by an au?ority creat$ by an      
int]/ate ,compact1 or "u any collective 

b>ga9+ agreem5t4 ,! rights & rem$ies 9  
?is section may n be waiv$ by any       
agreem5t1 policy1 =m1 or condition (    
employm5t4  7h7 ,no preemption ,no?+ 9  
?is section preempts or dim9i%es any o!r
 safegu>ds aga9/ discrim9ation1         
demotion1 dis*>ge1 susp5sion1 ?reats1   
h>assm5t1 reprim&1 retaliation1 or any  
o!r mann] ( discrim9ation provid$ by    
,f$]al or ,/ate law or provision adopt$ 
by an au?ority creat$ by an int]/ate    
,compact4  7i7 ,disclosure ( id5tity    
7#a7 ,except z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 (
 ?is subsection1 or ) ! writt5 cons5t ( 
! employee1 ! ,secret>y (               
,transportation or ! ,secret>y ( ,homel&
 ,security may n disclose ! "n ( an     
employee :o has provid$ in=mation       
describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#a74  7#b7 ,! 
,secret>y ( ,transportation or !        
,secret>y ( ,homel& ,security %all      
disclose to ! ,attorney ,g5]al ! "n ( an
 employee describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 ( ?is
 subsection if ! matt] is ref]r$ to !   
,attorney ,g5]al = en=cem5t4 ,!         

,secret>y mak+ su* disclosure %all      
provide reasonable advance notice to !  
affect$ employee if disclosure ( t      
p]son's id5tity or id5tify+ in=mation is
 to occur4  7j7 ,process = report+      
security problems to ! dep>tm5t ( homel&
 security  7#a7 ,e/abli%m5t ( process ,!
 ,secret>y %all e/abli% ?r\gh           
regulations aft] an opportunity = notice
 & comm5t1 & provide in=mation to !     
public reg>d+1 a process by :i* any     
p]son may submit a report to ! ,secret>y
 reg>d+ public transportation security  
problems1 defici5cies1 or               
vuln]abilities4  7#b7 ,ackn[l$gm5t (    
receipt ,if a report submitt$ "u        
p>agraph 7#a7 id5tifies ! p]son mak+ !  
report1 ! ,secret>y %all respond        
promptly to su* p]son & ackn[l$ge       
receipt ( ! report4  7#c7 ,/eps to      
address problem ,! ,secret>y %all review
 & consid] ! in=mation provid$ 9 any    
report submitt$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 & %all 
take appropriate /eps to address any    
problems or defici5cies id5tifi$4  #djb4

 ,protection f :i/lebl[] retaliations f 
labor union (ficials  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,a   
labor organization or its (fic]s or     
ag5ts %all n discrim9ate aga9/ an       
employee if su* discrim9ation is due1 9 
:ole or 9 "p1 to ! employee's lawful1   
good fai? act done1 or p]ceiv$ by !     
labor organization to h be5 done or ab\t
 to be done--  7#a7 to provide          
in=mation1 directly cause in=mation to  
be provid$1 or o!rwise directly assi/ 9 
any inve/igation reg>d+ any conduct :i* 
! employee reasonably believes          
con/itutes a violation (--  7,a7 any    
,f$]al law or regulation or provision   
adopt$ by an au?ority creat$ by an      
int]/ate ,compact2  7,b7 any bylaw ( !  
labor organization2 or  7,c7 any fraud1 
wa/e1 or abuse ( ! labor organization's 
funds if ! in=mation or assi/ance is    
provid$ to or an inve/igation /emm+ f ! 
provid$ in=mation is conduct$ by--  7i7 
a ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local regulatory or 
law en=cem5t ag5cy1 or a regulatory or  
law en=cem5t ag5cy creat$ by an int]/ate

 ,compact 7includ+ an (fice ( !         
inspector g5]al "u ! ,inspector ,g5]al  
,act ( #aigh 7#e ,u4,s4,c4 ,app42       
,public ,law #ie-deb772  7ii7 any ,memb]
 ( ,congress1 any committee ( ,congress1
 or ! ,gov]nm5t ,acc\ntability ,(fice2  
or  7iii7 a p]son ) sup]visory au?ority 
ov] ! employee or su* o!r p]son :o has !
 au?ority to inve/igate1 discov]1 or    
t]m9ate ! misconduct2  7#b7 to refuse to
 violate or assi/ 9 ! violation ( any   
law1 rule1 or regulation relat+ to labor
 policy2  7#c7 to refuse to violate or  
assi/ 9 ! violation ( any bylaw ( !     
labor organization2  7#d7 to file a     
compla9t or directly cause to be br\ght 
a proce$+ relat$ to ! en=cem5t ( ?is    
section or to te/ify 9 t proce$+2  7#e7 
to notify1 or attempt to notify1 an     
(fic] ( ! labor union1 ! employ]1 !     
inspector g5]al1 or ! ,secret>y ( ,labor
 ( a violation ( a law1 rule1           
regulation1 or a bylaw ( ! labor        
organization2  7#f7 to accurately report
 h\rs on duty pursuant to *apt] #baa (  

title #di1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code2  7#g7 to
 coop]ate ) a safety or security        
inve/igation by any ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or   
local regulatory or law en=cem5t ag5cy1 
or a regulatory or law en=cem5t ag5cy   
creat$ by an int]/ate ,compact 7includ+ 
an (fice ( ! inspector g5]al "u !       
,inspector ,g5]al ,act ( #aigh 7#e      
,u4,s4,c4 ,app42 ,public ,law #ie-deb772
 or  7#h7 to furni% in=mation to any    
,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local regulatory or   
law en=cem5t ag5cy1 or a regulatory or  
law en=cem5t ag5cy creat$ by an int]/ate
 ,compact1 z to ! facts relat+ to any   
accid5t or incid5t result+ 9 injury or  
dea? to an individual1 damage to        
prop]ty1 or misappropriation ( funds4   
7b7 ,en=cem5t action  7#a7 ,fil+ &      
notification ,a p]son :o believes t he  
or %e has be5 dis*>g$ or o!rwise        
discrim9at$ aga9/ by any p]son 9        
connection ) a violation ( subsection   
7a7 may1 n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] !    
date on :i* su* violation occurs1 file  
7or h any p]son file on 8 or h] behalf7 

a compla9t ) ! ,secret>y ( ,labor alleg+
 su* dis*>ge or discrim9ation4 ,^u      
receipt ( a compla9t fil$ "u ?is        
p>agraph1 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor %all     
notify1 9 writ+1 ! p]son nam$ 9 !       
compla9t & ! p]son's employ] ( ! fil+ ( 
! compla9t1 ( ! allegations conta9$ 9 ! 
compla9t1 ( ! sub/ance ( evid5ce        
support+ ! compla9t1 & ( ! opportunities
 t w be af=d$ to su* p]son "u p>agraph  
7#b74  7#b7 ,inve/igation2 prelim9>y    
ord]  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #fj days
 aft] ! date ( receipt ( a compla9t fil$
 "u p>agraph 7#a7 & aft] af=d+ ! p]son  
nam$ 9 ! compla9t an opportunity to     
submit to ! ,secret>y ( ,labor a writt5 
response to ! compla9t & an opportunity 
to meet ) a repres5tative ( ! ,secret>y 
( ,labor to pres5t /atem5ts f witnesses1
 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor %all conduct an   
inve/igation & det]m9e :e!r !re is      
reasonable cause to believe t ! compla9t
 has m]it & notify1 9 writ+1 !          
compla9ant & ! p]son alleg$ to h        
committ$ a violation ( subsection 7a7 ( 

! ,secret>y ( ,labor's f9d+s4 ,if !     
,secret>y ( ,labor concludes t !re is a 
reasonable cause to believe t a         
violation ( subsection 7a7 has occurr$1 
! ,secret>y ( ,labor %all accompany !   
,secret>y ( ,labor's f9d+s ) a prelim9>y
 ord] provid+ ! relief prescrib$ by     
p>agraph 7#c77;,b74 ,n lat] ?an #cj days
 aft] ! date ( notification ( f9d+s "u  
?is p>agraph1 ei!r ! p]son alleg$ to h  
committ$ ! violation or ! compla9ant may
 file objections to ! f9d+s or prelim9>y
 ord]1 or bo?1 & reque/ a he>+ on !     
record4 ,! fil+ ( su* objections %all n 
op]ate to /ay any re9/atem5t rem$y      
conta9$ 9 ! prelim9>y ord]4 ,su* he>+s  
%all be conduct$ exp$iti\sly4 ,if a he>+
 is n reque/$ 9 su* #cj-;day p]iod1 !   
prelim9>y ord] %all be deem$ a f9al ord]
 t is n subject to judicial review4     
7,b7 ,requirem5ts  7i7 ,requir$ %[+ by  
compla9ant ,! ,secret>y ( ,labor %all   
dismiss a compla9t fil$ "u ?is          
subsection & %all n conduct an          
inve/igation o!rwise requir$ "u         

subp>agraph 7,a7 unless ! compla9ant    
makes a prima facie %[+ t any behavior  
describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 0 a contribut+
 factor 9 ! unfavorable p]sonnel action 
alleg$ 9 ! compla9t4  7ii7 ,%[+ by labor
 organization (fic] ,not)/&+ a f9d+ by !
 ,secret>y ( ,labor t ! compla9ant has  
made ! %[+ requir$ "u clause 7i71 no    
inve/igation o!rwise requir$ "u         
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be conduct$ if !  
labor organization (fic] demon/rates1 by
 cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce1 t ! labor      
organization (fic] w\ld h tak5 ! same   
unfavorable p]sonnel action 9 ! abs5ce (
 t behavior4  7iii7 ,crit]ia =          
det]m9ation by ,secret>y ( ,labor ,!    
,secret>y ( ,labor may det]m9e t a      
violation ( subsection 7a7 has occurr$  
only if ! compla9ant demon/rates t any  
behavior describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 0 a  
contribut+ factor 9 ! unfavorable       
p]sonnel action alleg$ 9 ! compla9t4    
7iv7 ,prohibition ,relief may n be ord]$
 "u subp>agraph 7,a7 if ! labor union   
(fic] demon/rates by cle> & conv9c+     

evid5ce t ! labor union (fic] w\ld h    
tak5 ! same unfavorable p]sonnel action 
9 ! abs5ce ( t behavior4  7#c7 ,f9al    
ord]  7,a7 ,deadl9e = issuance2         
settlem5t agreem5ts ,n lat] ?an #abj    
days aft] ! date ( conclusion ( a he>+  
"u p>agraph 7#b71 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor  
%all issue a f9al ord] provid+ ! relief 
prescrib$ by ?is p>agraph or d5y+ !     
compla9t4 ,at any "t be=e issuance ( a  
f9al ord]1 a proce$+ "u ?is subsection  
may be t]m9at$ on ! basis ( a settlem5t 
agreem5t ent]$ into by ! ,secret>y (    
,labor1 ! compla9ant1 & ! p]son alleg$  
to h committ$ ! violation4  7,b7 ,rem$y 
,if1 9 response to a compla9t fil$ "u   
p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor     
det]m9es t a violation ( subsection 7a7 
has occurr$1 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor %all  
ord] ! p]son :o committ$ su* violation  
to--  7i7 take affirmative action to    
abate ! violation2 &  7ii7 provide !    
rem$ies describ$ 9 subsection 7c74  7,c7
 ,ord] ,if an ord] is issu$ "u          
subp>agraph 7,b71 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1 

at ! reque/ ( ! compla9ant1 %all assess 
aga9/ ! p]son aga9/ :om ! ord] is issu$ 
a sum equal to ! aggregate am\nt ( all  
co/s & exp5ses 7includ+ attorney's &    
exp]t witness fees7 reasonably incurr$1 
z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,labor1 by ! 
compla9ant =1 or 9 connection )1 br++ ! 
compla9t ^u :i* ! ord] 0 issu$4  7,d7   
,frivol\s compla9ts ,if ! ,secret>y (   
,labor f9ds t a compla9t "u p>agraph    
7#a7 is frivol\s or has be5 br\ght 9 bad
 fai?1 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor may aw>d to 
! prevail+ labor organization (fic]     
reasonable attorney's fees n exce$+     
#a1jjj4  7#d7 ,review  7,a7 ,appeal to  
,c\rt ( ,appeals ,any p]son adv]sely    
affect$ or aggriev$ by an ord] issu$ "u 
p>agraph 7#c7 may obta9 review ( ! ord] 
9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,appeals = !  
,di/rict ( ,columbia ,circuit4 ,!       
petition = review mu/ be fil$ n lat] ?an
 #fj days aft] ! date ( ! issuance ( !  
f9al ord] ( ! ,secret>y ( ,labor4       
,review %all con=m to *apt] #g ( title  
#e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 ,! comm5cem5t (

 proce$+s "u ?is subp>agraph %all n1    
unless ord]$ by ! c\rt1 op]ate z a /ay (
 ! ord]4  7,b7 ,limitation on collat]al 
attack ,an ord] ( ! ,secret>y ( ,labor )
 respect to :i* review c\ld h be5 obta9$
 "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all n be subject  
to judicial review 9 any crim9al or o!r 
civil proce$+4  7#e7 ,en=cem5t ( ord] by
 ,secret>y ( ,labor ,:5ev] any p]son has
 fail$ to comply ) an ord] issu$ "u     
p>agraph 7#c71 ! ,secret>y ( ,labor %all
 file a civil action 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
di/rict c\rt = ! di/rict 9 :i* !        
violation 0 f\nd to occur to en=ce su*  
ord]4 ,9 actions br\ght "u ?is p>agraph1
 ! di/rict c\rts %all h jurisdiction to 
grant all appropriate relief includ+1 b 
n limit$ to1 injunctive relief &        
comp5satory damages4  7#f7 ,en=cem5t (  
ord] by p>ties  7,a7 ,comm5cem5t (      
action ,a p]son on ^: behalf an ord] 0  
issu$ "u p>agraph 7#c7 may comm5ce a    
civil action aga9/ ! p]son to :om su*   
ord] 0 issu$ to require compliance ) su*
 ord]4 ,! appropriate ,unit$ ,/ates     

di/rict c\rt %all h jurisdiction1 )\t   
reg>d to ! am\nt 9 controv]sy or !      
citiz5%ip ( ! p>ties1 to en=ce su* ord]4
  7,b7 ,attorney's fees ,! c\rt1 9 issu+
 any f9al ord] "u ?is p>agraph1 may aw>d
 co/s ( litigation 7includ+ reasonable  
attorney's & exp]t witness fees7 to any 
p>ty :5ev] ! c\rt det]m9es su* aw>d is  
appropriate4  7#g7 ,de novo review ,)   
respect to a compla9t "u p>agraph 7#a71 
if ! ,secret>y ( ,labor has n issu$ a   
f9al decision )9 #baj days aft] ! fil+ (
 ! compla9t & if ! delay is n due to !  
bad fai? ( ! employee1 ! employee may   
br+ an orig9al action at law or equity =
 de novo review 9 ! appropriate di/rict 
c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i* %all h      
jurisdiction ov] su* an action )\t reg>d
 to ! am\nt 9 controv]sy1 & :i* action  
%all1 at ! reque/ ( ei!r p>ty to su*    
action1 be tri$ by ! c\rt ) a jury4 ,!  
action %all be gov]n$ by ! same legal   
burd5s ( pro( specifi$ 9 p>agraph       
7#b77;,b7 = review by ! ,secret>y (     
,labor4  7c7 ,rem$ies  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,an

 employee prevail+ 9 any action "u      
subsection 7b7 %all be entitl$ to all   
relief necess>y to make ! employee :ole4
  7#b7 ,damages ,relief 9 an action "u  
subsection 7b7 %all include-- 7,a7      
re9/atem5t ) ! same s5iority /atus t !  
employee w\ld h _h1 b = ! discrim9ation2
  7,b7 any backpay1 ) int]e/1 to be paid
 by ! labor organization 9 lieu ( !     
employ]2 &  7,c7 comp5satory damages1   
includ+ comp5sation = any special       
damages su/a9$ z a result ( !           
discrim9ation1 includ+ litigation co/s1 
exp]t witness fees1 & reasonable        
attorney's fees4  7#c7 ,possible relief 
,relief 9 any action "u subsection 7b7  
may include punitive damages 9 an am\nt 
n to exce$ #bej1jjj4  7d7 ,election (   
rem$ies ,an employee may n seek         
protection "u bo? ?is section & ano!r   
provision ( law = ! same alleg$ly       
unlawful act ( ! au?ority4  7e7 ,no     
preemption ,no?+ 9 ?is section preempts 
or dim9i%es any o!r safegu>ds aga9/     
discrim9ation1 demotion1 dis*>ge1       

susp5sion1 ?reats1 h>assm5t1 reprim&1   
retaliation1 or any o!r mann] (         
discrim9ation provid$ by ,f$]al or ,/ate
 law or provision adopt$ by an au?ority 
creat$ by an int]/ate ,compact4  7f7    
,rights reta9$ by employee ,no?+ 9 ?is  
section %all be con/ru$ to dim9i% !     
rights1 privileges1 or rem$ies ( any    
employee "u any ,f$]al or ,/ate law1    
provision adopt$ by an au?ority creat$  
by an int]/ate ,compact1 or "u any      
collective b>ga9+ agreem5t4 ,! rights & 
rem$ies 9 ?is section may n be waiv$ by 
any agreem5t1 policy1 =m1 or condition (
 employm5t4  #djc4 ,retirem5t plans ,)  
respect to p5sion & retirem5t b5efits   
plans = employees ( ! ,au?ority-- 7#a7 !
 ,au?ority %all honor all p5sion        
obligations = employees retir$ f !      
,au?ority & curr5tly receiv+ a p5sion2  
7#b7 ! ,au?ority %all1 = employees :o1  
on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 h      
accumulat$ a total ( #e ye>s ( employm5t
 ) ! ,au?ority1 devise a sy/em :i*      
limits ^? enroll$ 9 ! ,au?ority's p5sion

 plan to hav+ n m ?an #ajj p]c5t ( base 
annual sal>y z ! am\nt c\nt$ t[>d !     
highe/ sal>y level = purposes (         
calculat+ p5sion b5efits2  7#c7 !       
,au?ority may1 ) respect to ^? employees
 :o 7 hir$ be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is 
,act b :o _h yet to accumulate a total (
 #e ye>s ( employm5t ) ! ,au?ority1     
det]m9e a b5efits plan :i* may include a
 comb9ation ( a def9$ b5efit & a def9$  
contribution2 &  7#d7 ! ,au?ority %all1 
= all employees n enroll$ 9 !           
,au?ority's p5sion sy/em on ! date (    
enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 provide def9$      
contribution retirem5t plans4