,in the ,senate of the ,united ,states1 ,december #ac1 #bjah4 ,amendment3 ,that the bill from the ,house of ,representatives 7,h4,r4 #fbbg7 entitled ,an ,act to provide for a coordinated ,federal program to accelerate quantum research and development for the economic and national security of the ,united ,states41 do pass with the following ,strike all after the enacting clause and insert the following3 #a4 ,short title2 table of contents 7a7 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the ,national ,quantum ,initiative ,act4 7b7 ,table of contents ,the table of contents of this ,act is as follows3 ,sec4 #a4 ,short title2 table of contents4,sec4 #b4 ,definitions4,sec4 #c4 ,purposes4,,title ,i--,national ,quantum ,initiative ,sec4 #aja4 ,national ,quantum ,initiative ,program4,sec4 #ajb4 ,national ,quantum ,coordination ,office4,sec4 #ajc4 ,subcommittee on ,quantum ,information ,science4,sec4 #ajd4 ,national ,quantum ,initiative ,advisory ,committee4,sec4 #aje4 ,sunset4,,title ,,ii--,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology quantum activities,sec4 #bja4 ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology activities and quantum consortium4,,title ,,iii--,national ,science ,foundation quantum activities,sec4 #cja4 ,quantum information science research and education program4,sec4 #cjb4 ,multidisciplinary ,centers for ,quantum ,research and ,education4,,title ,,iv--,department of ,energy quantum activities,sec4 #dja4 ,quantum ,information ,science ,research program4,sec4 #djb4 ,national ,quantum ,information ,science ,research ,centers4 #b4 ,definitions ,in this ,act3 7#a7 ,advisory ,committee ,the term ,advisory ,committee means the ,national ,quantum ,initiative ,advisory ,committee established under section #ajd7;a74 7#b7 ,appropriate committees of ,congress ,the term appropriate committees of ,congress means-- 7,a7 the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate2 7,b7 the ,committee on ,energy and ,natural ,resources of the ,senate2 and 7,c7 the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives4 7#c7 ,coordination ,office ,the term ,coordination ,office means the ,national ,quantum ,coordination ,office established under section #ajb7;a74 7#d7 ,institution of higher education ,the term institution of higher education has the meaning given the term in section #aja7;a7 of the ,higher ,education ,act of #aife 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajja7;a774 7#e7 ,program ,the term ,program means the ,national ,quantum ,initiative ,program implemented under section #aja7;a74 7#f7 ,quantum information science ,the term quantum information science means the use of the laws of quantum physics for the storage1 transmission1 manipulation1 computing1 or measurement of information4 7#g7 ,subcommittee ,the term ,subcommittee means the ,subcommittee on ,quantum ,information ,science of the ,national ,science and ,technology ,council established under section #ajc7;a74 #c4 ,purposes ,the purpose of this ,act is to ensure the continued leadership of the ,united ,states in quantum information science and its technology applications by-- 7#a7 supporting research1 development1 demonstration1 and application of quantum information science and technology-- 7,a7 to expand the number of researchers1 educators1 and students with training in quantum information science and technology to develop a workforce pipeline2 7,b7 to promote the development and inclusion of multidisciplinary curriculum and research opportunities for quantum information science at the undergraduate1 graduate1 and postdoctoral level2 7,c7 to address basic research knowledge gaps1 including computational research gaps2 7,d7 to promote the further development of facilities and centers available for quantum information science and technology research1 testing and education2 and 7,e7 to stimulate research on and promote more rapid development of quantum-based technologies2 7#b7 improving the interagency planning and coordination of ,federal research and development of quantum information science and technology2 7#c7 maximizing the effectiveness of the ,federal ,government's quantum information science and technology research1 development1 and demonstration programs2 7#d7 promoting collaboration among the ,federal ,government1 ,federal laboratories1 industry1 and universities2 and 7#e7 promoting the development of international standards for quantum information science and technology security-- 7,a7 to facilitate technology innovation and private sector commercialization2 and 7,b7 to meet economic and national security goals4 ,i ,national ,quantum ,initiative #aja4 ,national ,quantum ,initiative ,program 7a7 ,in general ,the ,president shall implement a ,national ,quantum ,initiative ,program4 7b7 ,requirements ,in carrying out the ,program1 the ,president1 acting through ,federal agencies1 councils1 working groups1 subcommittees1 and the ,coordination ,office1 as the ,president considers appropriate1 shall-- 7#a7 establish the goals1 priorities1 and metrics for a #aj-year plan to accelerate development of quantum information science and technology applications in the ,united ,states2 7#b7 invest in fundamental ,federal quantum information science and technology research1 development1 demonstration1 and other activities to achieve the goals established under paragraph 7#a72 7#c7 invest in activities to develop a quantum information science and technology workforce pipeline2 7#d7 provide for interagency planning and coordination of ,federal quantum information science and technology research1 development1 demonstration1 standards engagement1 and other activities under the ,program2 7#e7 partner with industry and universities to leverage knowledge and resources2 and 7#f7 leverage existing ,federal investments efficiently to advance ,program goals and priorities established under paragraph 7#a74 #ajb4 ,national ,quantum ,coordination ,office 7a7 ,establishment 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,president shall establish a ,national ,quantum ,coordination ,office4 7#b7 ,administration ,the ,coordination ,office shall have-- 7,a7 a ,director appointed by the ,director of the ,office of ,science and ,technology ,policy1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,commerce1 the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation1 and the ,secretary of ,energy2 and 7,b7 staff comprised of employees detailed from the ,federal departments and agencies described in section #ajc7;b74 7b7 ,responsibilities ,the ,coordination ,office shall-- 7#a7 provide technical and administrative support to-- 7,a7 the ,subcommittee2 and 7,b7 the ,advisory ,committee2 7#b7 oversee interagency coordination of the ,program1 including by encouraging and supporting joint agency solicitation and selection of applications for funding of activities under the ,program2 7#c7 serve as the point of contact on ,federal civilian quantum information science and technology activities for ,federal departments and agencies1 industry1 universities professional societies1 ,state governments1 and such other persons as the ,coordination ,office considers appropriate to exchange technical and programmatic information2 7#d7 ensure coordination among the collaborative ventures or consortia established under section #bja7;a71 ,multidisciplinary ,centers for ,quantum ,research and ,education established under section #cjb7;a71 and the ,national ,quantum ,information ,science ,research ,centers established under section #djb7;a72 7#e7 conduct public outreach1 including the dissemination of findings and recommendations of the ,advisory ,committee1 as appropriate2 7#f7 promote access to and early application of the technologies1 innovations1 and expertise derived from ,program activities to agency missions and systems across the ,federal ,government1 and to industry1 including startup companies2 and 7#g7 promote access1 through appropriate ,federal ,government agencies1 and an open and competitive merit-reviewed process1 to existing quantum computing and communication systems developed by industry1 universities1 and ,federal laboratories to the general user community in pursuit of discovery of the new applications of such systems4 7c7 ,funding ,funds necessary to carry out the activities of the ,coordination ,office shall be made available each fiscal year by the ,federal departments and agencies described in section #ajc7;b71 as determined by the ,director of the ,office of ,science and ,technology ,policy4 #ajc4 ,subcommittee on ,quantum ,information ,science 7a7 ,establishment ,the ,president shall establish1 through the ,national ,science and ,technology ,council1 the ,subcommittee on ,quantum ,information ,science4 7b7 ,membership ,the ,subcommittee shall include a representative of-- 7#a7 the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology2 7#b7 the ,national ,science ,foundation2 7#c7 the ,department of ,energy2 7#d7 the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration2 7#e7 the ,department of ,defense2 7#f7 the ,office of the ,director of ,national ,intelligence2 7#g7 the ,office of ,management and ,budget2 7#h7 the ,office of ,science and ,technology ,policy2 and 7#i7 such other ,federal department or agency as the ,president considers appropriate4 7c7 ,chairpersons ,the ,subcommittee shall be jointly chaired by the ,director of the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology1 the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation1 and the ,secretary of ,energy4 7d7 ,responsibilities ,the ,subcommittee shall-- 7#a7 coordinate the quantum information science and technology research1 information sharing about international standards development and use1 and education activities and programs of the ,federal agencies2 7#b7 establish goals and priorities of the ,program1 based on identified knowledge and workforce gaps and other national needs2 7#c7 assess and recommend ,federal infrastructure needs to support the ,program2 7#d7 assess the status1 development1 and diversity of the ,united ,states quantum information science workforce2 7#e7 assess the global outlook for quantum information science research and development efforts2 7#f7 evaluate opportunities for international cooperation with strategic allies on research and development in quantum information science and technology2 and 7#g7 propose a coordinated interagency budget for the ,program to the ,office of ,management and ,budget to ensure the maintenance of a balanced quantum information science research portfolio and an appropriate level of research effort4 7e7 ,strategic plans ,in order to guide the activities of the ,program and meet the goals1 priorities1 and anticipated outcomes of the ,federal departments and agencies described in subsection 7b71 the ,subcommittee shall-- 7#a7 not later than #a year after the date of enactment of this ,act1 develop a #e-year strategic plan2 7#b7 not later than #f years after the date of enactment of this ,act1 develop a subsequent #e-year strategic plan2 and 7#c7 periodically update each plan1 as necessary4 7f7 ,submittal to ,congress ,the chairpersons of the ,subcommittee shall submit to the ,president1 the ,advisory ,committee1 and the appropriate committees of ,congress each strategic plan developed under subsection 7e7 and any updates thereto4 7g7 ,annual program budget report 7#a7 ,in general ,each year1 concurrent with the annual budget request submitted by the ,president to ,congress under section #aaje of title #ca1 ,united ,states ,code1 the chairpersons of the ,subcommittee shall submit to the appropriate committees of ,congress and such other committees of ,congress as the chairpersons deem appropriate a report on the budget for the ,program4 7#b7 ,contents ,each report submitted under paragraph 7#a7 shall include the following3 7,a7 ,the budget of the ,program for the current fiscal year1 for each ,federal department and agency described in subsection 7b74 7,b7 ,the budget proposed for the ,program for the next fiscal year1 for each ,federal department and agency described in subsection 7b74 7,c7 ,an analysis of the progress made toward achieving the goals and priorities established under subsection 7d77#b74 #ajd4 ,national ,quantum ,initiative ,advisory ,committee 7a7 ,in general ,the ,president shall establish a ,national ,quantum ,initiative ,advisory ,committee4 7b7 ,qualifications ,the ,advisory ,committee shall consist of members1 appointed by the ,president1 who are representative of industry1 universities1 and ,federal laboratories and are qualified to provide advice and information on quantum information science and technology research1 development1 demonstrations1 standards1 education1 technology transfer1 commercial application1 or national security and economic concerns4 7c7 ,membership consideration ,in selecting the members of the ,advisory ,committee1 the ,president may seek and give consideration to recommendations from the ,congress1 industry1 the scientific community 7including the ,national ,academy of ,sciences1 scientific professional societies1 and universities71 the defense community1 and other appropriate organizations4 7d7 ,duties 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,advisory ,committee shall advise the ,president and the ,subcommittee and make recommendations for the ,president to consider when reviewing and revising the ,program4 7#b7 ,independent assessments ,the ,advisory ,committee shall conduct periodic1 independent assessments of-- 7,a7 any trends or developments in quantum information science and technology2 7,b7 the progress made in implementing the ,program2 7,c7 the management1 coordination1 implementation1 and activities of the ,program2 7,d7 whether the ,program activities and the goals and priorities established under section #ajc7;d77#b7 are helping to maintain ,united ,states leadership in quantum information science and technology2 7,e7 whether a need exists to revise the ,program2 7,f7 whether opportunities exist for international cooperation with strategic allies on research and development in1 and the development of open standards for1 quantum information science and technology2 and 7,g7 whether national security1 societal1 economic1 legal1 and workforce concerns are adequately addressed by the ,program4 7e7 ,reports ,not later than #ahj days after the date of enactment of this ,act1 and at least biennially thereafter1 the ,advisory ,committee shall submit to the ,president1 the appropriate committees of ,congress1 and such other committees of ,congress as the ,advisory ,committee deems appropriate a report on the findings of the independent assessment under subsection 7d71 including any recommendations for improvements to the ,program4 7f7 ,travel expenses of non-,federal members ,non-,federal members of the ,advisory ,committee1 while attending meetings of the ,advisory ,committee or while otherwise serving at the request of the head of the ,advisory ,committee away from their homes or regular places of business1 may be allowed travel expenses1 including per diem in lieu of subsistence1 as authorized by section #egjc of title #e1 ,united ,states ,code1 for individuals in the ,government serving without pay4 ,nothing in this subsection shall be construed to prohibit members of the ,advisory ,committee who are officers or employees of the ,united ,states from being allowed travel expenses1 including per diem in lieu of subsistence1 in accordance with existing law4 7g7 ,,faca exemption ,the ,advisory ,committee shall be exempt from section #ad of the ,federal ,advisory ,committee ,act 7#e ,u4,s4,c4 ,app474 #aje4 ,sunset 7a7 ,in general ,except as provided in subsection 7b71 the authority to carry out sections #aja1 #ajb1 #ajc1 and #ajd shall terminate on the date that is #aa years after the date of enactment of this ,act4 7b7 ,extension ,the ,president may continue the activities under such sections if the ,president determines that such activities are necessary to meet national economic or national security needs4 ,,ii ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology quantum activities #bja4 ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology activities and quantum consortium 7a7 ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology activities ,as part of the ,program1 the ,director of the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology-- 7#a7 shall continue to support and expand basic and applied quantum information science and technology research and development of measurement and standards infrastructure necessary to advance commercial development of quantum applications2 7#b7 shall use the existing programs of the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology1 in collaboration with other ,federal departments and agencies1 as appropriate1 to train scientists in quantum information science and technology to increase participation in the quantum fields2 7#c7 shall establish or expand collaborative ventures or consortia with other public or private sector entities1 including industry1 universities1 and ,federal laboratories for the purpose of advancing the field of quantum information science and engineering2 and 7#d7 may enter into and perform such contracts1 including cooperative research and development arrangements and grants and cooperative agreements or other transactions1 as may be necessary in the conduct of the work of the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology and on such terms as the ,director considers appropriate1 in furtherance of the purposes of this ,act4 7b7 ,quantum consortium 7#a7 ,in general ,not later than #a year after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,director of the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology shall convene a consortium of stakeholders to identify the future measurement1 standards1 cybersecurity1 and other appropriate needs for supporting the development of a robust quantum information science and technology industry in the ,united ,states4 7#b7 ,goals ,the goals of the consortium shall be-- 7,a7 to assess the current research on the needs identified in paragraph 7#a72 7,b7 to identify any gaps in the research necessary to meet the needs identified in paragraph 7#a72 and 7,c7 to provide recommendations on how the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology and the ,program can address the gaps in the necessary research identified in subparagraph 7,b74 7#c7 ,report to ,congress ,not later than #b years after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,director of the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology shall submit to the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives a report summarizing the findings of the consortium4 7c7 ,funding ,the ,director of the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology shall allocate up to #hj1jjj1jjj to carry out the activities under this section for each of fiscal years #bjai through #bjbc1 subject to the availability of appropriations4 ,amounts made available to carry out this section shall be derived from amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology4 ,,iii ,national ,science ,foundation quantum activities #cja4 ,quantum information science research and education program 7a7 ,in general ,the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation shall carry out a basic research and education program on quantum information science and engineering1 including the competitive award of grants to institutions of higher education or eligible nonprofit organizations 7or consortia thereof74 7b7 ,program components 7#a7 ,in general ,in carrying out the program under subsection 7a71 the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation shall carry out activities that-- 7,a7 support basic interdisciplinary quantum information science and engineering research2 and 7,b7 support human resources development in all aspects of quantum information science and engineering4 7#b7 ,requirements ,the activities described in paragraph 7#a7 shall include-- 7,a7 using the existing programs of the ,national ,science ,foundation1 in collaboration with other ,federal departments and agencies1 as appropriate-- 7i7 to improve the teaching and learning of quantum information science and engineering at the undergraduate1 graduate1 and postgraduate levels2 and 7ii7 to increase participation in the quantum fields1 including by individuals identified in sections #cc and #cd of the ,science and ,engineering ,equal ,opportunities ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ahhe;a1 #ahhe;b72 7,b7 formulating goals for quantum information science and engineering research and education activities to be supported by the ,national ,science ,foundation2 7,c7 leveraging the collective body of knowledge from existing quantum information science and engineering research and education activities2 7,d7 coordinating research efforts funded through existing programs across the directorates of the ,national ,science ,foundation2 and 7,e7 engaging with other ,federal departments and agencies1 research communities1 and potential users of information produced under this section4 7c7 ,graduate traineeships ,the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation may establish a program to provide traineeships to graduate students at institutions of higher education within the ,united ,states who are citizens of the ,united ,states and who choose to pursue masters or doctoral degrees in quantum information science4 #cjb4 ,multidisciplinary ,centers for ,quantum ,research and ,education 7a7 ,in general ,the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation1 in consultation with other ,federal departments and agencies1 as appropriate1 shall award grants to institutions of higher education or eligible nonprofit organizations 7or consortia thereof7 to establish at least #b1 but not more than #e1 ,multidisciplinary ,centers for ,quantum ,research and ,education 7referred to in this section as ,centers74 7b7 ,collaborations ,a collaboration receiving an award under this subsection may include institutions of higher education1 nonprofit organizations1 and private sector entities4 7c7 ,purpose ,the purpose of the ,centers shall be to conduct basic research and education activities in support of the goals and priorities established under section #ajc7;d77#b71 including by-- 7#a7 continuing to advance quantum information science and engineering2 7#b7 supporting curriculum and workforce development in quantum information science and engineering2 and 7#c7 fostering innovation by bringing industry perspectives to quantum research and workforce development1 including by leveraging industry knowledge and resources4 7d7 ,requirements 7#a7 ,in general ,an institution of higher education or an eligible nonprofit organization 7or a consortium thereof7 seeking funding under this section shall submit an application to the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation at such time1 in such manner1 and containing such information as the ,director may require4 7#b7 ,applications ,each application under paragraph 7#a7 shall include a description of-- 7,a7 how the ,center will work with other research institutions and industry partners to leverage expertise in quantum science1 education and curriculum development1 and technology transfer2 7,b7 how the ,center will promote active collaboration among researchers in multiple disciplines involved in quantum research1 including physics1 engineering1 mathematics1 computer science1 chemistry1 and material science2 7,c7 how the ,center will support long-term and short-term workforce development in the quantum field2 7,d7 how the ,center can support an innovation ecosystem to work with industry to translate ,center research into applications2 and 7,e7 a long-term plan to become self-sustaining after the expiration of funding under this section4 7e7 ,selection and duration 7#a7 ,in general ,each ,center established under this section is authorized to carry out activities for a period of #e years4 7#b7 ,reapplication ,an awardee may reapply for additional1 subsequent periods of #e years on a competitive1 merit-reviewed basis4 7#c7 ,termination ,consistent with the authorities of the ,national ,science ,foundation1 the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation may terminate an underperforming ,center for cause during the performance period4 7f7 ,funding ,the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation shall allocate up to #aj1jjj1jjj for each ,center established under this section for each of fiscal years #bjai through #bjbc1 subject to the availability of appropriations4 ,amounts made available to carry out this section shall be derived from amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the ,national ,science ,foundation4 ,,iv ,department of ,energy quantum activities #dja4 ,quantum ,information ,science ,research program 7a7 ,in general ,the ,secretary of ,energy shall carry out a basic research program on quantum information science4 7b7 ,program components ,in carrying out the program under subsection 7a71 the ,secretary of ,energy shall-- 7#a7 formulate goals for quantum information science research to be supported by the ,department of ,energy2 7#b7 leverage the collective body of knowledge from existing quantum information science research2 7#c7 provide research experiences and training for additional undergraduate and graduate students in quantum information science1 including in the fields of-- 7,a7 quantum information theory2 7,b7 quantum physics2 7,c7 quantum computational science2 7,d7 applied mathematics and algorithm development2 7,e7 quantum networking2 7,f7 quantum sensing and detection2 and 7,g7 materials science and engineering2 7#d7 coordinate research efforts funded through existing programs across the ,department of ,energy1 including-- 7,a7 the ,nanoscale ,science ,research ,centers2 7,b7 the ,energy ,frontier ,research ,centers2 7,c7 the ,energy ,innovation ,hubs2 7,d7 the ,national ,laboratories2 7,e7 the ,advanced ,research ,projects ,agency2 and 7,f7 the ,national ,quantum ,information ,science ,research ,centers2 and 7#e7 coordinate with other ,federal departments and agencies1 research communities1 and potential users of information produced under this section4 #djb4 ,national ,quantum ,information ,science ,research ,centers 7a7 ,establishment 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,secretary of ,energy1 acting through the ,director of the ,office of ,science 7referred to in this section as the ,director71 shall ensure that the ,office of ,science carries out a program1 in consultation with other ,federal departments and agencies1 as appropriate1 to establish and operate at least #b1 but not more than #e1 ,national ,quantum ,information ,science ,research ,centers 7referred to in this section as ,centers7 to conduct basic research to accelerate scientific breakthroughs in quantum information science and technology and to support research conducted under section #dja4 7#b7 ,requirements 7,a7 ,competitive1 merit-reviewed process ,the ,centers shall be established through a competitive1 merit-reviewed process4 7,b7 ,applications ,an eligible applicant under this subsection shall submit to the ,director an application at such time1 in such manner1 and containing such information as the ,director determines to be appropriate4 7,c7 ,eligible applicants ,the ,director shall consider applications from ,national ,laboratories1 institutions of higher education1 research centers1 multi-institutional collaborations1 and any other entity that the ,secretary of ,energy determines to be appropriate4 7b7 ,collaborations ,a collaboration that receives an award under this section may include multiple types of research institutions and private sector entities4 7c7 ,requirements ,to the maximum extent practicable1 the ,centers developed1 constructed1 operated1 or maintained under this section shall serve the needs of the ,department of ,energy1 industry1 the academic community1 and other relevant entities to create and develop processes for the purpose of advancing basic research in quantum information science and improving the competitiveness of the ,united ,states4 7d7 ,coordination ,the ,secretary of ,energy shall ensure the coordination1 and avoid unnecessary duplication1 of the activities of each ,center with the activities of-- 7#a7 other research entities of the ,department of ,energy1 including-- 7,a7 the ,nanoscale ,science ,research ,centers2 7,b7 the ,energy ,frontier ,research ,centers2 7,c7 the ,energy ,innovation ,hubs2 and 7,d7 the ,national ,laboratories2 7#b7 institutions of higher education2 and 7#c7 industry4 7e7 ,duration 7#a7 ,in general ,each ,center established under this section is authorized to carry out activities for a period of #e years4 7#b7 ,reapplication ,an awardee may reapply for additional1 subsequent periods of #e years4 ,the ,director shall approve or disapprove of each reapplication on a competitive1 merit-reviewed basis4 7#c7 ,termination ,consistent with the authorities of the ,department of ,energy1 the ,secretary of ,energy may terminate an underperforming ,center for cause during the performance period4 7f7 ,funding ,the ,secretary of ,energy shall allocate up to #be1jjj1jjj for each ,center established under this section for each of fiscal years #bjai through #bjbc1 subject to the availability of appropriations4 ,amounts made available to carry out this section shall be derived from amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the ,department of ,energy4 ,secretary