,i  #aae? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #dchb  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,novemb] #ad1         
#bjag,mr4 ,rask9 7= himself & ,mr4      
,jordan7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 
ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y   
,a ,,bill  ,to ma9ta9 ! free fl[ (      
in=mation to ! public by provid+        
conditions = ! f$]ally compell$         
disclosure ( in=mation by c]ta9 p]sons  
connect$ ) ! news m$ia4  #a4 ,%ort title
 ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,free ,fl[ ( 
,in=mation ,act ( #bjag4  #b4 ,compell$ 
disclosure f cov]$ p]sons  7a7          
,conditions = compell$ disclosure ,9 any
 matt] aris+ "u ,f$]al law1 a ,f$]al    
entity may n compel a cov]$ p]son to    
provide te/imony or produce any docum5t 
relat$ to in=mation obta9$ or creat$ by 
su* cov]$ p]son z "p ( engag+ 9         
j\rnalism1 unless a c\rt det]m9es by a  
prepond]ance ( ! evid5ce1 aft] provid+  
notice & an opportunity to be he>d to   
su* cov]$ p]son--  7#a7 t ! p>ty seek+  
to compel production ( su* te/imony or  

docum5t has exhau/$ all reasonable      
alt]native s\rces 7o!r ?an ! cov]$      
p]son7 ( ! te/imony or docum5t2  7#b7   
t-- 7,a7 9 a crim9al inve/igation or    
prosecution1 bas$ on in=mation obta9$ f 
a p]son o!r ?an ! cov]$ p]son--  7i7 !re
 are reasonable gr\nds to believe t a   
crime has occurr$2 &  7ii7 ! te/imony or
 docum5t s\ght is critical to !         
inve/igation or prosecution or to !     
def5se aga9/ ! prosecution2 or  7,b7 9 a
 matt] o!r ?an a crim9al inve/igation or
 prosecution1 bas$ on in=mation obta9$ f
 a p]son o!r ?an ! cov]$ p]son1 !       
te/imony or docum5t s\ght is critical to
 ! successful completion ( ! matt]2     
7#c7 9 ! case t ! te/imony or docum5t   
s\ght c\ld reveal ! id5tity ( a s\rce ( 
in=mation or include any in=mation t    
c\ld reasonably be expect$ to lead to ! 
discov]y ( ! id5tity ( su* a s\rce1 t-- 
7,a7 disclosure ( ! id5tity ( su* a     
s\rce is necess>y to prev5t1 or to      
id5tify any p]petrator (1 an act (      
t]rorism aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates or its   

allies or o!r significant & specifi$ h>m
 to national security ) ! objective to  
prev5t su* h>m2  7,b7 disclosure ( !    
id5tity ( su* a s\rce is necess>y to    
prev5t imm95t dea? or significant bodily
 h>m ) ! objective to prev5t su* dea? or
 h>m1 respectively2  7,c7 disclosure ( !
 id5tity ( su* a s\rce is necess>y to   
id5tify a p]son :o has disclos$-- 7i7 a 
trade secret1 actionable "u section     
#ahca or #ahcb ( title #ah1 ,unit$      
,/ates ,code2  7ii7 individually        
id5tifiable heal? in=mation1 z su* t]m  
is def9$ 9 section #aaga7f7 ( ! ,social 
,security ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4           
#acbj;d7#f771 actionable "u ,f$]al law2 
or  7iii7 nonpublic p]sonal in=mation1 z
 su* t]m is def9$ 9 section #eji7d7 ( ! 
,gramm-,lea*-,biley ,act 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 
#fhji7d771 ( any consum] actionable "u  
,f$]al law2 or  7,d7  7i7 disclosure ( !
 id5tity ( su* a s\rce is ess5tial to   
id5tify 9 a crim9al inve/igation or     
prosecution a p]son :o )\t au?orization 
disclos$ prop]ly classifi$ in=mation &  

:o at ! "t ( su* disclosure _h au?oriz$ 
access to su* in=mation2 &  7ii7 su*    
unau?oriz$ disclosure has caus$ or w    
cause significant & articulable h>m to !
 national security2 &  7#d7 t ! public  
int]e/ 9 compell+ disclosure ( !        
in=mation or docum5t involv$ outweighs !
 public int]e/ 9 ga!r+ or dissem9at+    
news or in=mation4  7b7 ,au?ority ,to   
consid] national security int]e/ ,=     
purposes ( mak+ a det]m9ation "u        
subsection 7a77#d71 a c\rt may consid] !
 ext5t ( any h>m to national security4  
7c7 ,limitations on cont5t ( in=mation  
,! cont5t ( any te/imony or docum5t t is
 compell$ "u subsection 7a7 %all-- 7#a7 
n be ov]broad1 unreasonable1 or         
oppressive &1 z appropriate1 be limit$  
to ! purpose ( v]ify+ publi%$ in=mation 
or describ+ any surr\nd+ circum/ances   
relevant to ! accuracy ( su* publi%$    
in=mation2 &  7#b7 be n>r[ly tailor$ 9  
subject matt] & p]iod ( "t cov]$ s z to 
avoid compell+ production ( p]iph]al1   
noness5tial1 or speculative in=mation4  

7d7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act
 %all be con/ru$ z apply+ to civil      
defamation1 sl&]1 or libel claims or    
def5ses "u ,/ate law1 reg>dless ( :e!r  
or n su* claims or def5ses1             
respectively1 are rais$ 9 a ,/ate or    
,f$]al c\rt4  7e7 ,exception relat+ to  
crim9al or torti\s conduct ,! provisions
 ( ?is section %all n prohibit or       
o!rwise limit a ,f$]al entity 9 any     
matt] aris+ "u ,f$]al law f compell+ a  
cov]$ p]son to disclose any in=mation1  
record1 docum5t1 or item obta9$ z !     
result ( ! eyewitness obs]vation by !   
cov]$ p]son ( alleg$ crim9al conduct or 
z ! result ( ! commission ( alleg$      
crim9al or torti\s conduct by ! cov]$   
p]son1 includ+ any physical evid5ce or  
visual or audio record+ ( ! conduct1 if 
a ,f$]al c\rt det]m9es t ! p>ty seek+ to
 compel su* disclosure has exhau/$ all  
o!r reasonable ef=ts to obta9 !         
in=mation1 record1 docum5t1 or item1    
respectively1 f alt]native s\rces4 ,!   
previ\s s5t5ce %all n apply1 &          

subsections 7a7 & 7b7 %all apply1 9 !   
case t ! alleg$ crim9al conduct obs]v$  
by ! cov]$ p]son or ! alleg$ crim9al or 
torti\s conduct committ$ by ! cov]$     
p]son is ! act ( transmitt+ or          
communicat+ ! in=mation1 record1        
docum5t1 or item s\ght = disclosure4    
#c4 ,compell$ disclosure f              
communications s]vice provid]s  7a7     
,conditions = compell$ disclosure ,)    
respect to te/imony or any docum5t      
consi/+ ( any record1 in=mation1 or o!r 
communication t relates to a bus9ess    
transaction betwe5 a communications     
s]vice provid] & a cov]$ p]son1 section 
#b %all apply to su* te/imony or docum5t
 if s\ght f ! communications s]vice     
provid] 9 ! same mann] t su* section    
applies to any te/imony or docum5t s\ght
 f a cov]$ p]son4  7b7 ,notice &        
opportunity provid$ to cov]$ p]sons ,a  
c\rt may compel ! te/imony or disclosure
 ( a docum5t "u ?is section only aft] ! 
p>ty seek+ su* a docum5t provides !     
cov]$ p]son :o is a p>ty to ! bus9ess   

transaction describ$ 9 subsection 7a7-- 
7#a7 notice ( ! subpo5a or o!r          
compulsory reque/ = su* te/imony or     
disclosure f ! communications s]vice    
provid] n lat] ?an ! "t at :i* su*      
subpo5a or reque/ is issu$ to !         
communications s]vice provid]2 &  7#b7  
an opportunity to be he>d be=e ! c\rt   
be=e ! "t at :i* ! te/imony or          
disclosure is compell$4  7c7 ,exception 
to notice requirem5t ,notice "u         
subsection 7b77#a7 may be delay$ only if
 ! c\rt involv$ det]m9es by cle> &      
conv9c+ evid5ce t su* notice w\ld pose a
 sub/antial ?reat to ! integrity ( a    
crim9al inve/igation4  #d4 ,def9itions  
,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,communications s]vice
 provid] ,! t]m communications s]vice   
provid]--  7,a7 means any p]son t       
transmits in=mation ( ! cu/om]'s *oos+  
by electronic means2 &  7,b7 includes a 
telecommunications c>ri]1 an in=mation  
s]vice provid]1 an int]active comput]   
s]vice provid]1 & an in=mation cont5t   
provid] 7z su* t]ms are def9$ 9 sections

 #c & #bcj ( ! ,communications ,act (   
#aicd 7#dg ,u4,s4,c4 #aec1 #bcj774  7#b7
 ,cov]$ p]son ,! t]m cov]$ p]son means a
 p]son :o regul>ly ga!rs1 prep>es1      
collects1 photographs1 records1 writes1 
edits1 reports1 or publi%es news or     
in=mation t conc]ns local1 national1 or 
int]national ev5ts or o!r matt]s (      
public int]e/ = dissem9ation to ! public
 = a sub/antial portion ( ! p]son's     
livelihood or = sub/antial f9ancial ga9 
& includes a sup]visor1 employ]1 p>5t1  
subsidi>y1 or affiliate ( su* cov]$     
p]son4 ,su* t]m %all n include--  7,a7  
any p]son :o is a =eign p[] or an ag5t (
 a =eign p[]1 z su* t]ms are def9$ 9    
section #aja ( ! ,=eign ,intellig5ce    
,surveillance ,act ( #aigh 7#ej         
,u4,s4,c4 #ahja72  7,b7 any organization
 designat$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate z a   
=eign t]rori/ organization 9 accordance 
) section #bai ( ! ,immigration &       
,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #aahi72 
7,c7 any p]son includ$ on ! ,annex to   
,executive ,ord] ,no4 #acbbd1 (         

,septemb] #bc1 #bjja1 & any o!r p]son   
id5tifi$ "u section #a ( t ,executive   
ord] ^: prop]ty & int]e/s 9 prop]ty are 
block$ by t section2  7,d7 any p]son :o 
is a specially designat$ t]rori/1 z t   
t]m is def9$ 9 section #eie4caa ( title 
#ca1 ,code ( ,f$]al ,regulations 7or any
 successor !reto72 or  7,e7 any t]rori/ 
organization1 z t t]m is def9$ 9 section
 #bab7;a77#c77;,b77vi77,,ii7 ( !        
,immigration & ,nationality ,act 7#h    
,u4,s4,c4 #aahb7;a77#c77;,b77vi77,,ii774
  7#c7 ,docum5t ,! t]m docum5t means    
writ+s1 record+s1 & photographs1 z ^?   
t]ms are def9$ by ,f$]al ,rule (        
,evid5ce #ajja 7#bh ,u4,s4,c4 ,app474   
7#d7 ,f$]al entity ,! t]m ,f$]al entity 
means an entity or employee ( ! judicial
 or executive bran* or an adm9i/rative  
ag5cy ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t ) ! p[] to   
issue a subpo5a or issue o!r compulsory 
process4  7#e7 ,j\rnalism ,! t]m        
j\rnalism means ! ga!r+1 prep>+1        
collect+1 photograph+1 record+1 writ+1  
edit+1 report+1 or publi%+ ( news or    

in=mation t conc]ns local1 national1 or 
int]national ev5ts or o!r matt]s (      
public int]e/ = dissem9ation to !       
public4