,i  #aae? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #dbfa  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,novemb] #f1 #bjag,mr4
 ,scott ( ,virg9ia 7= himself1 ,mr4     
,lewis ( ,m9nesota1 ,mr4 ,cony]s1 ,mrs4 
,love1 ,ms4 ,jackson ,lee1 ,mr4 ,curbelo
 ( ,florida1 ,ms4 ,norton1 & ,mr4       
,fitzpatrick7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2  
:i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on !       
,judici>y1 & 9 addition to ! ,committee 
on ,en]gy & ,comm]ce1 = a p]iod to be   
subsequ5tly det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* 
case = consid]ation ( su* provisions z  
fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! committee    
conc]n$  ,a ,,bill  ,to improve public  
safety1 acc\ntability1 transp>5cy1 &    
respect = f$]alism 9 ,f$]al crim9al law 
by apply+ evid5ce-bas$ re=ms already    
made by "s ,/ates1 & re9ve/+ ! result+  
sav+s f do+ s 9 additional evid5ce-bas$ 
crim9al ju/ice /rategies t are prov5 to 
r$uce recidivism & crime1 & ! burd5 ( ! 
crim9al ju/ice sy/em on ! taxpay]4  #a4 
,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z !   
,safe1 ,acc\ntable1 ,fair1 ,effective   

,ju/ice ,act or ! ,,safe ,ju/ice ,act4  
#b4 ,table ( cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts 
= ?is ,act is z foll[s3  ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort
 title4 ,sec4 #b4 ,table ( cont5ts4     
,title ,i--,id5tify+ & ,r$uc+           
,ov]-,f$]alization &                    
,ov]-,crim9alization ,by ,respect+ !    
,balance ( ,p[]s ,among ! ,/ates & !    
,f$]al ,gov]nm5t ,sec4 #aja4            
,compilation & publication ( crim9al    
(f5ses to provide fair notice to address
 ov]-f$]alization4 ,sec4 #ajb4          
,proc$ures to r$uce ov]-f$]alization4   
,sec4 #ajc4 ,proc$ures to r$uce pretrial
 det5tion4 ,sec4 #ajd4 ,annual review & 
reports ( ! citiz5 compla9t process4    
,sec4 #aje4 ,focus+ ,f$]al crim9al      
p5alties = simple possession to places (
 special ,f$]al int]e/ 9 recognition ( !
 balance ( p[] betwe5 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t
 & ! ,/ates4 ,title ,,ii--,creat+ a     
,p]=mance-,inc5tive ,fund+ ,program     
,sec4 #bja4 ,calculation ( sav+s4 ,sec4 
#bjb4 ,di/ribution ( p]=mance inc5tive  
fund+4 ,sec4 #bjc4 ,use ( p]=mance      

inc5tive fund+4 ,sec4 #bjd4 ,def9itions4
 ,title ,,iii--,address+ ,in=mation     
,disp>ity & ,accuracy 9 ,crim9al        
,prosecutions to ,protect ,innoc5ce ,m  
,robu/ly & to ,r$uce ! ,numb] (         
,wrongful ,convictions ,sec4 #cja4      
,f9d+s & decl>ations4 ,sec4 #cjb4       
,accuracy & reliability ( evid5ce 9     
crim9al cases2 address+ in=mation       
disp>ity 9 crim9al cases4 ,sec4 #cjc4   
,notification relat+ to =5sic1          
prosecutorial1 or law en=cem5t          
misconduct4 ,sec4 #cjd4 ,rem$ies4 ,sec4 
#cje4 ,toolkits = ,/ate & local         
gov]nm5t4 ,title ,,iv--,conc5trat+      
,prison ,space on ,viol5t & ,c>e]       
,crim9als ,subtitle ,a--,re/or+ ,orig9al
 ,congressional ,int5t ,to ,focus ,f$]al
 ,drug ,m&atory ,m9imums ,only on       
,manag]s1 ,sup]visors1 ,organiz]s1 &    
,lead]s ( ,drug ,traffick+              
,organizations & ,to ,avoid ,duplicative
 ,prosecution ) ,/ates ,sec4 #dja4      
,focus+ ! application ( ,f$]al m&atory  
m9imums = c]ta9 drug (f5ses to re/ore   

orig9al congressional int5t respect+ !  
balance ( p[] betwe5 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t 
& ! ,/ates4 ,sec4 #djb4 ,modification ( 
crit]ia = safety valve limitation on    
applicability ( c]ta9 m&atory m9imums4  
,sec4 #djc4 ,consi/5cy 9 ! use ( prior  
convictions = s5t5c+ enhancem5ts4 ,sec4 
#djd4 ,cl>ification ( applicability ( ! 
,fair ,s5t5c+ ,act4 ,sec4 #dje4         
,eligibility = res5t5c+ bas$ on *anges 9
 law4 ,sec4 #djf4 ,directives to !      
,s5t5c+ ,commission4 ,sec4 #djg4        
,exclusion ( acquitt$ conduct &         
discretion to disreg>d manipulat$       
conduct f consid]ation dur+ s5t5c+4     
,subtitle ,b--,cl>ification (           
,congressional ,int5t on ,c]ta9         
,recidivi/ ,p5alties ,sec4 #djh4        
,am5dm5ts to enhanc$ p5alties provision4
 ,subtitle ,c--,exp&+ ! ,ability ,to    
,apply = ,compassionate ,release ,sec4  
#dji4 ,ability to petition = release to 
ext5d$ sup]vision = c]ta9 prison]s :o   
are m$ically incapacitat$1 g]iatric1 or 
c>egiv] p>5ts ( m9or *ildr5 & :o d n    

pose public safety risks4 ,title        
,v--,enc\rag+ ,acc\ntability ,) ,great] 
,use ( ,evid5ce-,bas$ ,s5t5c+           
,alt]natives = ,l[]-,level ,(f5d]s ,sec4
 #eja4 ,eligibility = prejudgem5t       
probation4 ,sec4 #ejb4 ,s5t5ce (        
probation4 ,sec4 #ejc4 ,directive to !  
,s5t5c+ ,commission reg>d+ use (        
probation4 ,sec4 #ejd4 ,e/abli%+        
acc\ntability evid5ce-bas$ problem-solv+
 c\rt programs4 ,title ,,vi--,implem5t+ 
,evid5ce-,bas$ ,practices to ,r$uce     
,recidivism ,subtitle ,a--,revision (   
,/atutory ,s5t5ce ,cr$its ,sec4 #fja4   
,deliv]y & inc5tives to complete        
9-prison recidivism r$uction programm+4 
,sec4 #fjb4 ,po/-s5t5c+ risk & ne$s     
assessm5t sy/em & 9-prison recidivism   
r$uction programm+4 ,subtitle           
,b--,de-escalation ,tra9+ & ,improv+    
,community ,relations ,sec4 #fjc4       
,de-escalation tra9+4 ,subtitle         
,c--,ov]sight ( ,m5tal ,heal? &         
,sub/ance ,abuse ,treatm5t ,sec4 #fjd4  
,au?oriz+ grants to ,/ates = ! use (    

m$ication-assi/$ treatm5t = h]o91       
opioid1 or alcohol abuse 9 resid5tial   
sub/ance abuse treatm5t4 ,sec4 #fje4    
,p]=mance-bas$ contract+ = resid5tial   
re5try c5t]s4 ,subtitle ,d--,implem5t+  
,swift1 ,c]ta91 & ,proportionate        
,sanctions = ,violations ( ,conditions (
 ,probation or ,sup]vis$ ,release ,sec4 
#fjf4 ,graduat$ sanction+ sy/em4 ,sec4  
#fjg4 ,graduat$ responses to te*nical   
violations ( sup]vision4 ,sec4 #fjh4    
,t>get$ & proportional p5alties =       
revocation ( probation4 ,sec4 #fji4     
,t>get$ & proportional p5alties =       
violations ( sup]vis$ release4 ,subtitle
 ,e--,focus ,sup]vision ,res\rces on    
,high-,risk ,(f5d]s ,sec4 #faj4 ,e>n$   
dis*>ge cr$its = compliant sup]visees4  
,sec4 #faa4 ,elim9ation ( m&atory       
revocation = m9or drug violations4      
,subtitle ,f--,maximiz+ ,public ,safety 
,returns on ,corrections ,doll>s ,sec4  
#fab4 ,cl>ification or orig9al          
congressional int5t reg>d+ calculation (
 good "t conduct cr$it4 ,sec4 #fac4     

,analysis ( fiscal implications =       
inclusion 9 pres5t5ce reports4 ,sec4    
#fad4 ,support+ safe law en=cem5t4      
,title ,,vii--,increas+ ,gov]nm5t       
,transp>5cy & ,accuracy ,sec4 #gja4     
,report on m&atory m9imums4 ,sec4 #gjb4 
,f$]al def5d] add$ z a nonvot+ memb] ( !
 ,s5t5c+ ,commission4 ,sec4 #gjc4       
,budget & inmate population impact (    
legislation on ! ,f$]al corrections     
sy/em4 ,sec4 #gjd4 ,reports4  ,i        
,id5tify+ & ,r$uc+ ,ov]-,f$]alization & 
,ov]-,crim9alization ,by ,respect+ !    
,balance ( ,p[]s ,among ! ,/ates & !    
,f$]al ,gov]nm5t  #aja4 ,compilation &  
publication ( crim9al (f5ses to provide 
fair notice to address ov]-f$]alization 
7a7 ,compilation & publication ( crim9al
 (f5ses ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] !    
date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 & e ye>   
!reaft]1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all1 9     
consultation ) relevant entities )9 !   
executive bran*1 includ+ indep5d5t      
regulatory ag5cies1 compile a publicly  
available & free ( *>ge li/+ (--  7#a7 !

 v>i\s ,f$]al law violations t c>ry     
crim9al p5alties2  7#b7                 
location_/citation ( ! violation2  7#c7 
! pot5tial crim9al p5alty = a violation2
 &  7#d7 ! m5s rea requir$ = ! (f5se4   
,to ensure t individuals h fair notice (
 prohibit$ conduct & ! crim9al p5alties 
!y br+1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all         
publicize ! exi/5ce ( ?is database &    
publi% ! database on ! ,dep>tm5t (      
,ju/ice website4  7b7 ,ov]sight ,to     
address ov]-,f$]alization ,ea* executive
 bran* ag5cy mu/ obta9 ! express prior  
approval ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al = ea* add$
 crim9al p5alty result+ f ag5cy         
regulation4  #ajb4 ,proc$ures to r$uce  
ov]-f$]alization  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat]  
?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t (
 ?is ,act1 9 ord] to r$uce              
ov]-f$]alization & ov]-inc>c]ation1 !   
,attorney ,g5]al %all create & implem5t 
proc$ures--  7#a7 to provide coord9ation
 by ,f$]al prosecutors & law en=cem5t   
ag5cies ) o!r ,f$]al ag5cies to         
det]m9e--  7,a7 :e!r unlawful conduct t 

involves ! adm9i/rative compet5cies (   
o!r ,f$]al ag5cies is be/ address$ by   
civil sanctions or crim9al *>ges2 &     
7,b7 if su* conduct is be/ address$ by  
crim9al *>ges1 :e!r div]sion or crim9al 
prosecution is m appropriate2 &  7#b7 to
 provide coord9ation by ,f$]al          
prosecutors & law en=cem5t ag5cies )    
,/ate prosecutors & law en=cem5t ag5cies
 to r$uce duplicative ,f$]al            
prosecutions ( ! same (f5d] = ! same    
conduct t may be prosecut$ at ! ,/ate   
level4  7b7 ,report by inspector g5]al  
,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( !      
enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,inspector ,g5]al
 ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice %all report to 
! ,congress1 = ! p]iod beg9n+ on ! date 
( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act & end+ z closely
 z feasible to ! date on :i* ! report is
 made1 on--  7#a7 ! numb] ( cases ref]r$
 f law en=cem5t or o!r ag5cies = ,f$]al 
prosecution 9 :i* ! alleg$ unlawful     
conduct involv$ a violation ( a         
regulation promulgat$ by a ,f$]al ag5cy 
o!r ?an ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice2 or  7#b7 

! numb] ( cases accept$ = ,f$]al        
prosecution-- 7,a7 by judicial di/rict2 
7,b7 by m5s rea2  7,c7 by p5alty impos$2
  7,d7 by co/s2  7#c7 ! e/imat$ ,f$]al  
correctional co/s ( ^? cases 9 prison   
b$-ye>s2  7#d7 ! numb] ( cases decl9$ = 
,f$]al prosecution2 &  7#e7 ! numb] (   
cases accept$ = ,f$]al prosecution by   
(f5se by judicial di/rict1 includ+ !    
(f5se's m5s rea & crim9al p5alty impos$4
  #ajc4 ,proc$ures to r$uce pretrial    
det5tion  7a7 ,guidance by attorney     
g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date 
( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,attorney    
,g5]al1 9 consultation ) ! ,crim9al ,law
 ,committee ( ! ,judicial ,conf]5ce ( ! 
,unit$ ,/ates1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates          
,probation & ,pretrial ,s]vices1 & a    
,f$]al public or community def5d] f !   
,def5d] ,s]vices ,advisory ,gr\p1 %all  
create & implem5t proc$ures to r$uce    
ov]-inc>c]ation due to ! unnecess>y use 
( pretrial det5tion 9 c]ta9 cases 9 ord]
 to--  7#a7 r$uce ov]cr[d+ ( pretrial   
det5tion facilities2 &  7#b7 r$uce ! co/

 ( pretrial det5tion4  7b7              
,consid]ations ,to be tak5 into acc\nt 9
 creat+ proc$ures ,9 c>ry+ out          
subsection 7a71 ! ,attorney ,g5]al & !  
,director ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts %all 
take into consid]ation 9 creat+ &       
implem5t+ _! respective proc$ures--     
7#a7 :e!r 9 ,f$]al cases a summons      
in/ead ( an arre/ %\ld be ! default     
proc$ure2  7#b7 :e!r 9 "s or mo/ cases  
:]e a summons w\ld n be suffici5t1 o!r  
lea/ re/rictive alt]natives w\ld be     
pref]able to pretrial det5tion2  7#c7 ! 
ne$ to avoid seek+ bonds t (f5d]s are   
unable to meet1 :i* is tantam\nt to     
seek+ pretrial det5tion2  7#d7 ! ext5t  
to :i* pretrial det5tion results f !    
disproportionate pretrial det5tion (    
individuals ) few] economic means2  7#e7
 ! impact ( pretrial det5tion on loss ( 
employm5t & h\s+2 &  7#f7 ! ne$ to avoid
 pretrial det5tion t is n necess>y to   
ensure ! appe>ance ( ! def5dant z       
requir$ & ! safety ( ! public z requir$ 
"u section #cadb ( title #ah1 ,unit$    

,/ates ,code4  7c7 ,report by inspector 
g5]al ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( !
 enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,inspector      
,g5]al ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice %all     
report to ! ,congress on ! proc$ures    
creat$ "u ?is section1 & address :e!r & 
to :at ext5t ^? proc$ures are likely to 
accompli% _! int5d$ purposes4 ,9 !      
report1 ! ,inspector ,g5]al may include 
recomm5dations = fur!r *anges 9         
proc$ures t w\ld bett] accompli% !      
purposes set =? 9 subsection 7a71 tak+  
into acc\nt ! consid]ations describ$ 9  
subsection 7b74  #ajd4 ,annual review & 
reports ( ! citiz5 compla9t process ,!  
,(fice ( ! ,inspector ,g5]al %all-- 7#a7
 conduct an annual review ( citiz5      
compla9ts to det]m9e :e!r ! ,(fice (    
,pr(essional ,responsibility has tak5   
appropriate discipl9>y measures aga9/   
prosecutors :o h mi%&l$ cases or engag$ 
9 misconduct2 &  7#b7 publi% 9 a report 
to ,congress ea* case 9 :i* any judge or
 c\rt has f\nd t a prosecutor or law    
en=cem5t (fic] engag$ 9 misconduct1 :e!r

 su* a f9d+ result$ 9 rev]sal1          
vitiation1 or vacatur ( a conviction or 
s5t5ce4  #aje4 ,focus+ ,f$]al crim9al   
p5alties = simple possession to places (
 special ,f$]al int]e/ 9 recognition ( !
 balance ( p[] betwe5 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t
 & ! ,/ates ,section #djd ( ! ,controll$
 ,sub/ances ,act 7#ba ,u4,s4,c4 #hdd7 is
 am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] ,x %all be        
unlawful = any p]son ea* place x appe>s 
! foll[+3 )9 ! special m>itime &        
t]ritorial jurisdiction ( ! ,unit$      
,/ates 7z def9$ = ! purposes ( title    
#ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code74  ,,ii ,creat+
 a ,p]=mance-,inc5tive ,fund+ ,program  
#bja4 ,calculation ( sav+s  7a7         
,calculation ( revocation basel9e  7#a7 
,g5]al rule ,! ,director ( !            
,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,c\rts1 9 consultation ) ! ,director ( !
 ,bureau ( ,prisons & ! ,unit$ ,/ates   
,s5t5c+ ,commission1 %all calculate =   
ea* ,f$]al judicial di/rict a basel9e   
revocation rate4  7#b7 ,me?od (         
calculation ,! basel9e revocation rate =

 a judicial di/rict is ! p]c5tage       
equival5t ( ! ratio ( ! total numb] (   
adult sup]visees s5t to prison f t      
di/rict dur+ ! basel9e p]iod to ! total 
numb] ( adult sup]visees s5t to prison  
nationally dur+ ! same p]iod4  7#c7     
,def9itions ,9 ?is subsection-- 7,a7 !  
t]m s5t to prison means s5t to ,f$]al or
 ,/ate prison--  7i7 = a revocation (   
probation or sup]vis$ release2 or  7ii7 
= a conviction ( a new felony (f5se4    
7,b7 ,! t]m basel9e p]iod means ! p]iod 
beg9n+ ,janu>y #a1 #bjab1 & end+        
,decemb] #ca1 #bjad4  7b7 ,annual       
revocation calculations ,at ! conclusion
 ( ! cal5d> ye> foll[+ ! implem5tation (
 subsection 7a71 & e cal5d> ye> !reaft]1
 ! ,director ( ! ,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts1 9 consultation )
 ! ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons & ! 
,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+ ,commission %all  
calculate ! foll[+ measures3  7#a7      
,av]age revocation co/ ,! av]age        
revocation co/1 :i* is ! av]age co/ to  
inc>c]ate a sup]visee revok$ to prison 9

 ! previ\s ye>1 includ+ av]age l5g? (   
/ay times av]age m>g9al co/ p] day4     
7#b7 ,nationwide revocation rate ,!     
nationwide revocation rate1 :i* is      
calculat$ z ! numb] ( sup]visees        
nationwide s5t to prison 9 ! previ\s ye>
 z a p]c5tage ( ! nationwide sup]vision 
population z ( ,june #cj? ( t ye>4  7#c7
 ,di/rict revocation rates ,= ea*       
judicial di/rict1 ! di/rict's revocation
 rate1 :i* is calculat$ z ! numb] (     
sup]visees f t di/rict s5t to prison 9 !
 previ\s ye> z a p]c5tage ( ! di/rict's 
sup]vision population z ( ,june #cj? ( t
 ye>4  7#d7 ,r$uction 9 revocation rate 
,= ea* judicial di/rict1 ! r$uction 9   
revocation rate is ! numb] ( adult      
sup]visees f ea* di/rict n revok$ to    
prison1 :i* is calculat$ bas$ on !      
r$uction 9 ! di/rict's revocation rate z
 calculat$ "u p>agraph 7#c7 f !         
di/rict's basel9e revocation rate z     
calculat$ "u subsection 7a74 ,9 mak+ ?is
 e/imate1 ! ,director ( ! ,adm9i/rative 
,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts1 9      

consultation ) ! ,director ( ! ,bureau (
 ,prisons & ! ,judicial ,conf]5ce ( !   
,unit$ ,/ates1 may adju/ ! calculation  
to acc\nt = *anges 9 ea* di/rict's      
caseload 9 ! mo/ rec5t complet$ ye> z   
comp>$ to ! di/rict's adult sup]vision  
population dur+ ! ye>s #bjab ?r\gh      
#bjad4  7c7 ,categorization ( judicial  
di/ricts ,annually1 at ! conclusion (   
ea* cal5d> ye>1 ! ,director ( !         
,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,c\rts1 9 consultation ) ! ,director ( !
 ,bureau ( ,prisons & ! ,unit$ ,/ates   
,s5t5c+ ,commission1 %all assign !      
appropriate sup]vision revocation ti] to
 ea* judicial di/rict = :i* x 0 e/imat$ 
t ! judicial di/rict successfully r$uc$ 
its revocation rate1 z provid$ by       
subsection 7b77#d74 ,! ti]s are def9$ = 
! purposes ( ?is subtitle z foll[s3     
7#a7 ,ti] #a ,a ti] #a di/rict is "o :i*
 has a di/rict revocation rate1 z def9$ 
9 subsection 7b77#c71 t is no m ?an #be 
p]c5t high] ?an ! nationwide revocation 
rate1 z def9$ 9 subsection 7b77#b74     

7#b7 ,ti] #b ,a ti] #b di/rict is "o :i*
 has a di/rict revocation rate1 z def9$ 
9 subsection 7b77#c71 t is m ?an #be    
p]c5t above ! nationwide revocation     
rate1 z def9$ 9 subsection 7b77#b74     
#bjb4 ,di/ribution ( p]=mance inc5tive  
fund+  7a7 ,di/ribution ( revocation    
r$uction inc5tive paym5ts ,annually1 !  
,director ( ! ,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts1 9 consultation ) !
 ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons & !   
,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+ ,commission1 %all 
calculate a revocation r$uction inc5tive
 paym5t = ea* eligible judicial di/rict1
 pursuant to section #bja1 = ! mo/      
rec5tly complet$ cal5d> ye>1 z foll[s3  
7#a7 ,revocation r$uction inc5tive      
paym5ts = ti] #a di/ricts ,= a ti] #a   
di/rict1 ! di/rict's revocation r$uction
 inc5tive paym5t is equal to ! e/imat$  
numb] ( sup]visees successfully prev5t$ 
f be+ s5t to prison1 z def9$ by section 
#bja7;b77#d7 multipli$ by #de p]c5t ( ! 
co/s to ! ,director ( ! ,bureau (       
,prisons to inc>c]ate a sup]visee :o is 

revok$ to prison1 z def9$ 9 section     
#bja7;b77#a74  7#b7 ,revocation r$uction
 inc5tive paym5ts = ti] #b di/ricts ,= a
 ti] #b judicial di/rict1 its revocation
 rate %all equal ! e/imat$ numb] (      
sup]visees successfully prev5t$ f be+   
s5t to prison1 z def9$ by section       
#bja7;b77#d7 multipli$ by #dj p]c5t ( ! 
co/s to ! ,bureau ( ,prisons to         
inc>c]ate 9 prison a sup]visee ^:       
sup]vision is revok$4  7b7 ,di/ribution 
( grants = high-,p]=m+ di/ricts  7#a7   
,fund+ res]v$ = high-p]=m+ di/ricts     
,annually1 ! ,director ( ! ,adm9i/rative
 ,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts1 9     
consultation ) ! ,director ( ! ,bureau (
 ,prisons & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+     
,commission1 %all calculate #e p]c5t ( !
 total sav+s attribut$ to ^? di/ricts t 
successfully r$uce ! numb] ( sup]visees 
revok$ to prison = ! purposes ( provid+ 
high-p]=mance grants4  7#b7 ,eligibility
 ,a judicial di/rict is eligible = a    
high-p]=mance grant if x is a di/rict-- 
7,a7 ) sup]visee revocation rates m ?an 

#ej p]c5t bel[ ! nationwide av]age 9 !  
mo/ rec5tly complet$ cal5d> ye>2 &  7,b7
 t has n exce$$ ! national revocation   
rate = ! pa/ ?ree cal5d> ye>s4  7#c7    
,adm9i/ration ( grants = high-p]=m+     
di/ricts  7,a7 ,! ,adm9i/rative ,(fice (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts may make a high 
p]=mance grant to a di/rict 9 a ye> 9   
:i* t di/rict does n also receive a     
sup]vision revocation r$uction paym5t "u
 subsection 7a74  7,b7 ,! *ief probation
 (fic]1 9 consultation ) ! *ief judge1 9
 a judicial di/rict t qualifies = bo? a 
high p]=mance grant & a sup]vision      
revocation r$uction paym5t %all in=m !  
,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,c\rts1 by a date designat$ by !        
,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,c\rts1 :e!r ! judicial di/rict %\ld    
receive ! high p]=mance grant or !      
sup]vision failure r$uction inc5tive    
paym5t4  7,c7 ,! ,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts %all seek to     
ensure t ea* qualify+ judicial di/rict t
 submits a qualify+ application = a high

 p]=mance grant receives a proportionate
 %>e ( ! grant fund+ available1 bas$ on 
! population ( adults age #ah to #be1   
inclusive1 9 t judicial di/rict4  7c7   
,paym5ts ,! ,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( !    
,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts %all disburse !    
revocation r$uction inc5tive paym5ts &  
high p]=mance grants calculat$ = any    
cal5d> ye> to judicial di/ricts 9 !     
foll[+ fiscal ye>4  #bjc4 ,use (        
p]=mance inc5tive fund+  7a7 ,e/abli%m5t
 ( a sup]vision p]=mance inc5tive fund  
,ea* di/rict probation (fice is h]eby   
au?oriz$ to e/abli% a ,sup]vision       
,p]=mance ,inc5tive ,fund 7h]e9aft] 9   
?is section ref]r$ to z ! ,fund71 to    
receive all am\nts allocat$ to !        
judicial di/rict = ! purposes (         
implem5t+ ?is section4 ,9 any fiscal ye>
 = :i* a di/rict probation (fice        
receives sums to be exp5d$ = !          
implem5tation ( ?is section1 ^? sums1   
includ+ any int]e/1 %all be made        
available to ! *ief probation (fic] ( t 
di/rict probation (fice1 n lat] ?an #cj 

days aft] ! deposit ( ^? moneys into !  
fund4  7b7 ,au?oriz$ use ( funds ,funds 
receiv$ ?r\gh appropriations = !        
purposes ( ?is subtitle %all be us$ by !
 *ief probation (fic] or 8 designee to  
provide sup]vision & rehabilitative     
s]vices = ,f$]al sup]visees1 & %all be  
sp5t on implem5t+ or enhanc+            
evid5ce-bas$ community corrections      
practices & programs1 :i* may include ! 
foll[+3  7#a7 ,implem5t+ & exp&+        
evid5ce-bas$ risk & ne$s assessm5ts4    
7#b7 ,implem5t+ & exp&+ ! use ( graduat$
 sanctions pursuant to section #cfji4   
7#c7 ,implem5t+ & exp&+ treatm5t &      
s]vices associat$ ) problem-solv+ c\rts 
t are prov5 to r$uce recidivism among ! 
t>get$ population4  7#d7 ,exp&+ !       
availability ( evid5ce-bas$             
rehabilitation programs1 includ+ drug & 
alcohol treatm5t1 m5tal heal? treatm5t1 
employm5t programs1 s]vices = victims ( 
dome/ic viol5ce1 s]vices = vet]ans1 &   
cognitive behavioral !rapy4  7#e7 ,exp&+
 ! availability1 9 t]ms ( h\rs &        

geographic locations1 ( day report+     
c5t]s & ! report+ h\rs ( exi/+ probation
 (fices to accommodate sup]visees' "w1  
education1 &_/or *ild c>e s*$ules4  7#f7
 ,hir+ social work]s to assi/ sup]visees
 9 applications = social s]vices &      
programs on ! local1 ,/ate1 & ,f$]al    
level4  7#g7 ,evaluat+ ! effectiv5ess ( 
rehabilitation & sup]vision programs &  
ensur+ program fidelity4  7c7 ,m&atory  
evaluation  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z     
provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 ! *ief         
probation (fic]1 9 consultation ) ! *ief
 judge ( ! judicial di/rict1 %all devote
 at lea/ #e p]c5t ( all fund+ receiv$   
?r\gh ! ,fund to evaluate ! effectiv5ess
 ( ^? programs & practices implem5t$ or 
exp&$ ) ! funds provid$ pursuant to ?is 
section4  7#b7 ,waiv] ( requirem5t ,a   
*ief probation (fic] may petition !     
,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,c\rts = waiv] ( ?is re/riction1 & !    
,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,c\rts %all h ! au?ority to grant su* a 
petition1 if ! ,*ief ,probation ,(fic] c

 demon/rate t ! dep>tm5t is already     
devot+ suffici5t funds to ! evaluation (
 ^! programs & practices4  7d7 ,acc\nt+ 
,! head ( ea* di/rict probation (fice   
receiv+ am\nts f ! ,fund %all provide = 
a sep>ate acc\nt+ ( ^? am\nts suffici5t 
to evaluate ! effectiv5ess ( ea*        
program4  #bjd4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is      
subtitle3 7#a7 ,*ief judge ,! t]m *ief  
judge ) respect to a di/rict c\rt means 
! *ief judge ( t c\rt1 or ! judge ( t   
c\rt if !re is only "o judge4  7#b7     
,*ief probation (fic] ,! t]m *ief       
probation (fic] means ! probation (fic] 
designat$ by ! c\rt to direct ! "w ( all
 probation (fic]s s]v+ 9 ! judicial     
di/rict4  7#c7 ,community corrections   
program ,! t]m community corrections    
program means an evid5ce-bas$ recidivism
 r$uction program e/abli%$ pursuant to  
?is subtitle1 consi/+ ( a sy/em (       
s]vices d$icat$ to all ( ! foll[+ goals3
  7,a7 ,enhanc+ public safety ?r\gh !   
managem5t & r$uction ( a sup]visee's    
risk ( recidivism :ile "u sup]vision4   

7,b7 ,support+ sup]visees' a*ievem5t (  
/ability ( employm5t & h\s+ by us+ a    
range ( sup]vision tools1 sanctions1 &  
s]vices appli$ to sup]visees = ! purpose
 ( r$uc+ crim9al conduct & promot+      
behavioral *ange t r$uces recidivism &  
promotes ! successful re9tegration (    
(f5d]s into ! community4  7,c7 ,hold+   
(f5d]s acc\ntable = _! crim9al behaviors
 & = successful compliance ) applicable 
c\rt ord]s & conditions ( sup]vision4   
7,d7 ,improv+ public safety outcomes =  
p]sons plac$ on sup]vision1 z measur$ by
 _! successful completion ( sup]vision &
 comm5surate r$uction 9 ! rate (        
sup]visees s5t to prison z a result ( a 
revocation or conviction = a new crime4 
7#d7 ,evid5ce-bas$ practices ,! t]m     
evid5ce-bas$ practices means sup]vision 
policies1 proc$ures1 programs1 &        
practices t sci5tific rese>* demon/rates
 r$uce recidivism among p on probation  
or sup]vis$ release4  7#e7 ,sup]visee ,!
 t]m sup]visee has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9 
section #cfji ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates

 ,code4  7#f7 ,sup]vision ,! t]m        
sup]vision has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9     
section #cfji ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,code4  7#g7 ,revocation ,! t]m        
revocation means a judicial process to  
revoke sup]vision t imposes conf9em5t4  
,,iii ,address+ ,in=mation ,disp>ity &  
,accuracy 9 ,crim9al ,prosecutions to   
,protect ,innoc5ce ,m ,robu/ly & to     
,r$uce ! ,numb] ( ,wrongful ,convictions
  #cja4 ,f9d+s & decl>ations ,!         
,congress f9ds & decl>es ! foll[+3  7#a7
 ,! goal ( a law en=cem5t inve/igation  
is to appreh5d ! p]son or p]sons        
responsible = ! commission ( a crime4   
7#b7 ,mi/ak5 eyewitness id5tification   
has be5 %[n to h contribut$ to !        
wrongful conviction 9 #gb p]c5t ( !     
,nation's #ccj ,,dna exon]ations (      
innoc5t p]sons1 includ+ #bj :o s]v$ "t  
on dea? r[ & #cj :o pl$ guilty4 ,^!     
innoc5ts s]v$ an av]age ( #ac4e ye>s 9  
prison be=e exon]ation & release4 ,no "o
 b5efits f a wrongful conviction--except
 ! real p]petrator1 :o rema9s free to   

commit additional crimes4 ,9 half ( !   
exon]ation cases1 ! process ( settl+ !  
innoc5ce claim l$ to ! id5tification ( !
 real p]petrator4 ,ov] #adj viol5t      
crimes c\ld h be5 prev5t$ _h ! real     
p]petrator be5 id5tifi$ in/ead ( !      
innoc5t4  7#c7 ,ov] ! pa/ #cj ye>s1 a   
l>ge body ( pe]-review$1 sci5tific      
rese>* & practice has em]g$ %[+ t simple
 sy/emic *anges c protect ! innoc5t & ! 
public by increas+ ! accuracy ( !       
evid5ce us$ to support a conviction     
beyond a reasonable d\bt4 ,^! re=ms     
are--  7,a7 improv+ ! accuracy (        
eyewitness id5tification2  7,b7 pres]v+ 
& analyz+ =5sic evid5ce2  7,c7 record+  
confessions & int]rogations2  7,d7      
regulat+1 disclos+1 & video record+     
in=mant or coop]ator te/imony2  7,e7    
improv+ ! quality ( def5se c\nsel2  7,f7
 provid+ = po/-conviction ,,dna te/+ =  
all applicants = :om ,,dna has !        
pot5tial to prove innoc5ce2 &  7,g7     
increas+ comp5sation to ! wrongfully    
convict$4  7#d7 ,policies & proc$ures to

 improve ! accuracy ( eyewitness        
id5tifications su* z ^? recomm5d$ by !  
,national ,academy ( ,sci5ces1 ! ,unit$ 
,/ates ,national ,in/itute ( ,ju/ice1 ! 
,int]national ,association ( ,*iefs (   
,police1 & ! ,am]ican ,b> ,association  
are readily available4  7#e7 ,m accurate
 eyewitness id5tifications increase !   
ability ( police & prosecutors to       
convict ! guilty & protect ! innoc5t4   
7#f7 ,! integrity ( ! crim9al ju/ice    
process is enhanc$ by adh]5ce to be/    
practices 9 evid5ce ga!r+4  7#g7 ,f$]al1
 ,/ate1 & local gov]nm5ts w b5efit f !  
improvem5t ( ! accuracy ( eyewitness    
id5tifications4  7#h7 ,! value ( prop]ly
 pres]v$ biological evid5ce has be5     
enhanc$ by ! discov]y ( mod]n ,,dna te/+
 me?ods1 :i*1 c\pl$ ) a compreh5sive    
sy/em ( ,,dna databases t /ore crime    
sc5e & (f5d] pr(iles1 all[ law en=cem5t 
to improve its crime-solv+ pot5tial4    
7#i7 ,tapp+ ! pot5tial ( pres]v$        
biological evid5ce requires ! prop]     
id5tification1 collection1 pres]vation1 

/orage1 catalogu+ & organization ( su*  
evid5ce4  7#aj7 ,law en=cem5t ag5cies   
indicate t cold case inve/igations are  
h9d]$ by an inability to access         
biological evid5ce t 0 collect$ 9       
connection ) crim9al inve/igations4     
7#aa7 ,innoc5t p mi/ak5ly convict$ ( !  
s]i\s crimes = :i* biological evid5ce is
 probative _c prove _! innoc5ce if su*  
evid5ce is n accessible = te/+ 9        
appropriate circum/ances4  7#ab7 ,x is  
well e/abli%$ t ! failure to update     
policies reg>d+ ! pres]vation ( evid5ce 
squ&]s valuable law en=cem5t res\rces1  
manp[] h\rs & /orage space4  7#ac7      
,simple b crucial enhancem5ts to        
protocols = prop]ly pres]v+ biological  
evid5ce c solve old crimes1 enhance     
public safety & settle claims (         
innoc5ce4  7#ad7 ,exi/+ ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 &
 local laws /ill erect proc$ural hurdles
 t result 9 "s pot5tially innoc5t       
applicants be+ b>r$ f seek+ ,,dna te/+  
aft] a conviction has be5 impos$ despite
 endur+ probative value ( ,,dna evid5ce4

  7#ae7 ,dur+ 8 #bjje ,/ate ( ! ,union  
address1 ,presid5t ,george ,w4 ,bu% urg$
 t1 in ,am]ica1 we mu/ make d\bly sure  
no p]son is held to acc\nt = a crime he 
or %e did n commit1 s we are            
dramatically exp&+ ! use ( ,,dna evid5ce
 to prev5t wrongful conviction4  7#af7  
,unit$ ,/ates ,attorney ,g5]al ,eric    
,hold] express$ 8 hope1 9 ! int]e/ (    
ju/ice & id5tify+ ! true p]petrators (  
crimes1 t all levels ( gov]nm5t w foll[ 
! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t's lead by work+ to   
exp& access to ,,dna evid5ce4  7#ag7    
,em]g+ ,,dna te/+ te*nologies c enhance 
! quality ( ju/ice4  7#ah7 ,!           
sci5tifically reliable results ( ,,dna  
te/+ provide ! c]ta9ty & f9ality t bol/]
 ! public's tru/ 9 our ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & 
local crim9al ju/ice sy/ems4  7#ai7 ,9  
addition to ! wrongfully convict$ & _!  
families1 crime victims1 law en=cem5t1  
prosecutors1 c\rts & ! public are h>m$  
:5ev] individuals guilty ( crimes elude 
ju/ice :ile innoc5t individuals are     
imprison$ = crimes !y did n commit4     

7#bj7 ,our ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & local       
gov]nm5ts mu/ enhance _! te*nology to   
increase ! am\nt ( te/able1 biological  
evid5ce & enhance _! exi/+              
po/-conviction ,,dna te/+ /atutes s t   
all applicants = :om ,,dna te/+ has !   
pot5tial to prove a claim ( innoc5ce w h
 ! opportunity to obta9 su* te/+4  7#ba7
 ,prop]ly audio & video record$ cu/odial
 int]rogations provide ! be/ evid5ce ( !
 communications t occurr$ dur+ an       
int]rogation2 prev5t disputes ab\t h[ an
 (fic] conduct$ himself or treat$ a     
suspect dur+ ! c\rse ( an int]rogation2 
prev5t disputes ab\t ! acc\nt ( ev5ts ! 
def5dant orig9ally provid$ to law       
en=cem5t2 sp>e judges & jurors ! "t     
necess>y & ne$ to assess :i* acc\nt ( an
 int]rogation to believe2 & enhance     
public confid5ce 9 ! crim9al process4 ,x
 is !re=e ! ,congress' int5t to require 
! video & audio record+ ( all cu/odial  
int]rogations 9 ,f$]al law en=cem5t     
ag5cies4  7#bb7 ,an in=mant is a p]son  
:o 0 n a victim ( a crime :o (f]s to    

provide in=mation or assi/ance to law   
en=cem5t 9 ex*ange = l5i5cy or "s o!r   
b5efit4 ,! te/imony ( in=mants1 :o h    
reason to seek l5i5cy f ! crim9al ju/ice
 sy/em 9 ex*ange = _! te/imony1 is      
inh]5tly suspect4 ,h[ev]1 tru?ful       
in=mant te/imony may /ill be important 9
 solv+ crimes4  7#bc7 ,rew>d+ in=mants1 
ei!r tacitly or explicitly1 by !        
,gov]nm5t produces dang]\s inc5tives to 
manufacture or fabricate te/imony4 ,?us1
 x is incumb5t ^u ! judicial sy/em to   
assess :e!r in=mant te/imony is         
reliable4  7#bd7 ,! use ( in=mant       
te/imony )\t a sy/em to prop]ly assess  
its reliability or corroborate its      
sub/ance provides f]tile gr\nd =        
ob/ruction ( ! fair adm9i/ration (      
ju/ice4  7#be7 ,!re=e1 a sy/em to       
prop]ly assess ! reliability ( in=mant  
te/imony1 includ+1 b n limit$ to audio &
 video record+ ( all /atem5ts provid$ by
 in=mants1 %\ld be develop$4  7#bf7 ,!  
failure to prop]ly educate law en=cem5t1
 def5se lawy]s1 prosecutors1 judges1    

juries1 & o!r fact inve/igators & fact  
f9d]s ab\t ! vuln]abilities inh]5t 9    
in=mant te/imony enables improp]        
consid]ation ( su* te/imony1 :i* c      
s]i\sly und]m9e ! integrity ( our       
crim9al ju/ice sy/em4  #cjb4 ,accuracy &
 reliability ( evid5ce 9 crim9al cases2 
address+ in=mation disp>ity 9 crim9al   
cases  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj    
days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 
! ,attorney ,g5]al %all1 9 consultation 
) ! ,f$]al ,public or ,community ,def5d]
 f ! ,def5d] ,s]vices ,advisory ,gr\p1 !
 ,am]ican ,b> ,association1 ! ,am]ican  
,law ,in/itute1 & o!r exp]t             
organizations1 includ+ ! ,innoc5ce      
,project & ! ,national ,di/rict         
,attorneys ,association1 create tra9+ & 
be/ practices to be implem5t$ by ,f$]al 
prosecutors & law en=cem5t (fic]s prior 
to trial1 consi/5t ) ! con/itutional    
rights ( ! def5dant1 t increase         
protection = ! innoc5t by r$uc+ !       
inaccuracy & unreliability ( evid5ce    
reli$ ^u 9 crim9al cases1 includ+--     

7#a7 proc$ures & protocols = collect+1  
m>k+1 pres]v+1 catalogu+1 & h&l+        
evid5ce2  7#b7 tra9+ on int]rogation to 
elim9ate co]cive tactics t lead to false
 or unreliable confessions2  7#c7 tra9+ 
on int]view+ witnesses to elim9ate      
sugge/ive tactics t lead to false or    
unreliable id5tifications & memories2   
7#d7 tra9+ to elim9ate cross-racial     
id5tification mi/akes & collaborat+ on !
 crit]ia = exp]t te/imony & p>amet]s =  
model jury in/ructions on cross-racial  
id5tification2  7#e7 tra9+ to avoid &   
disc\rage ! use ( unreliable in=mant or 
coop]ator te/imony2  7#f7 requir+ audio 
& video record+ ( all int]views &       
int]rogations 9 connection ) any        
def5dant's prosecution2  7#g7 promot+ a 
fair & exp$iti\s disposition ( ! *>ges1 
:e!r by div]sion1 plea1 or trial1       
consi/5t ) def5dants' con/itutional     
rights2  7#h7 provid+ ! def5dant )      
suffici5t in=mation to make an in=m$    
plea2  7#i7 p]mitt+ ! def5dant to       
?or\ghly prep>e = trial & m9imize       

surprise at trial by provid+ prompt     
discov]y to ! def5dant2  7#aj7 r$uc+    
int]ruptions & complications dur+ trial 
to ! ext5t practicable & avoid          
unnecess>y & repetiti\s trials by       
id5tify+ & resolv+ evid5ti>y disputes   
prior to trial2  7#aa7 increas+ ! fund+ 
& res\rces = c\rt-appo9t$ c\nsel to     
m9imize ! proc$ural & sub/antive        
inequities among simil>ly situat$       
def5dants1 p>ticul>ly betwe5 def5dants  
repres5t$ by c\rt-appo9t c\nsel1        
pursuant to #ah ,u4,s4,c4 #cjjf;,a1 &   
def5dants repres5t$ by privately reta9$ 
c\nsel2 &  7#ab7 m9imiz+ ! burd5 ^u     
victims1 witnesses1 c\nsel1 & ! taxpay]4
  7b7 ,initial disclosure to def5dants  
,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all in/ruct ,f$]al 
prosecutors & law en=cem5t ag5ts1 ^u    
reque/ by ! def5dant & n lat] ?an #ad   
days aft] su* reque/1 to p]mit !        
def5dant to inspect & to copy or        
photograph ! full cont5ts ( all         
inve/igative & case files1 except+ only 
privileg$ mat]ial or attorney "w        

product1 to p]mit inspection1 copy+1    
te/+1 & photograph+ ( disclos$ docum5ts 
or tangible objects1 includ+ ! foll[+   
docum5ts or tangible objects3  7#a7 ,all
 relevant record$1 writt51 & oral       
/atem5ts ( ! def5dant or ( any          
codef5dant t are )9 ! possession or     
control ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 & any docum5ts   
relat+ to ! acquisition ( su* /atem5ts4 
7#b7 ,! names & addresses ( all p]sons  
kn[n to ! ,gov]nm5t to h in=mation      
conc]n+ ! (f5se *>g$1 toge!r ) all      
writt5 /atem5ts ( any su* p]son t are )9
 ! possession or control ( ! ,gov]nm5t &
 t relate to ! subject matt] ( ! (f5se  
*>g$4  7#c7 ,! id5tity ( p]sons !       
,gov]nm5t int5ds to call z witnesses at 
trial4  7#d7 ,any in=mation reg>d+ any  
inquiry1 solicitation1 or agreem5t      
betwe5 ! ,gov]nm5t & any individual t   
con/itutes an inquiry into or           
solicitation ( coop]ation or te/imony ( 
! individual4  7#e7 ,any reports or     
writt5 /atem5ts ( any exp]t ! ,gov]nm5t 
int5ds to call z a witness at trial1    

includ+ results ( physical or m5tal     
exam9ations1 sci5tific te/s1 exp]im5ts1 
comp>isons1 a writt5 description ( !    
sub/ance ( ! propos$ te/imony ( ! exp]t1
 ! exp]t's op9ion1 & ! und]ly+ basis ( t
 op9ion1 if t report or writt5 /atem5t (
 ! exp]t is mat]ial to prep>+ ! def5se  
or ! ,gov]nm5t int5ds to use ! item 9   
its case-9-*ief at trial4 ,at !         
def5dant's reque/1 ! ,gov]nm5t mu/ give 
to ! def5dant a writt5 summ>y ( any     
te/imony t ! ,gov]nm5t int5ds to use "u 
! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,evid5ce dur+ its     
case-9-*ief at trial4 ,if ! ,gov]nm5t   
reque/s discov]y "u rule                
#af7;b77#a77;,c77ii7 ( ! ,f$]al ,rules (
 ,crim9al ,proc$ure & ! def5dant        
complies1 ! ,gov]nm5t mu/1 at !         
def5dant's reque/1 give to ! def5dant a 
writt5 summ>y ( te/imony t ! ,gov]nm5t  
int5ds to use ! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,evid5ce
 z evid5ce at trial on ! issue ( !      
def5dant's m5tal condition4 ,! summ>y   
provid$ "u ?is p>agraph mu/ describe !  
witness's op9ions1 ! bases & reasons =  

^? op9ions1 & ! witness's               
qualifications4  7#f7 ,any tangible     
objects1 includ+ books1 pap]s1 docum5ts1
 photographs1 build+s1 places1 or any   
o!r objects1 :i* p]ta9 to ! case or :i* 
7 obta9$ f or belong to ! def5dant1 & ! 
id5tity ( any tangible objects if ! item
 is mat]ial to prep>+ ! def5se or !     
,gov]nm5t int5ds to use ! item 9 its    
case-9-*ief at trial4  7#g7 ,any record 
( prior crim9al convictions1 p5d+ *>ges1
 or probation>y /atus ( ! def5dant or ( 
any codef5dant or coop]at+ witness1 &   
ins(> z kn[n to ! ,gov]nm5t1 any record 
( convictions1 p5d+ *>ges1 or           
probation>y /atus t may be us$ to impea*
 ( any witness to be call$ by ei!r p>ty 
at trial4  7#h7 ,any mat]ial1 docum5ts1 
or in=mation relat+ to l9eups1 %[ups1 & 
picture or voice id5tifications1 if x is
 relevant to prep>+ ! def5se or !       
,gov]nm5t int5ds to use ! item 9 its    
case-9-*ief4  7#i7 ,any mat]ial or      
in=mation )9 ! ,gov]nm5t's possession or
 control :i* t5ds to negate ! guilt ( ! 

def5dant z to ! (f5se *>g$ or w\ld t5d  
to mitigate puni%m5t ( ! def5dant4      
7#aj7 ,any evid5ce ( "*1 reputation1 or 
o!r conduct ( ! def5dant t ! ,gov]nm5t  
has inve/igat$4  7#aa7 ,if ! def5dant's 
conv]sations or premises 7 subject to   
electronic surveillance 7includ+        
wiretapp+7 9 connection ) ! inve/igation
 or prosecution ( ! case1 any           
transcripts1 notes1 memos1 record+s1 or 
o!r mat]ials d]iv$ f su* surveillance4  
7#ab7 ,any tangible object obta9$ ?r\gh 
a se>* & seizure1 includ+ any in=mation1
 docum5ts1 or o!r mat]ial relat+ to !   
acquisition ( t object1 if ! object1    
in=mation1 or docum5t1 or mat]ial is    
mat]ial to prep>+ ! def5se or !         
,gov]nm5t int5ds to use t object1       
in=mation1 docum5t1 or mat]ial 9 its    
case-9-*ief4  7#ac7 ,any evid5ce t a    
=5sic te*nician1 laboratory1 or facility
 involv$ 9 ! case has be5 responsible = 
an unreliable =5sic analysis or         
que/ionable conviction 9 ! pa/4  7c7    
,prompt disclosure ( additional         

in=mation lat] add$ to ! inve/igative or
 case file ,^u complet+ ! initial       
disclosure requir$ "u subsection 7b71 ! 
,gov]nm5t %all1 n lat] ?an #ad days aft]
 in=mation ( ! sort describ$ 9          
subsection 7b7 is add$ to ! inve/igative
 or case file1 disclose ! full cont5ts (
 t additional in=mation1 except+ only   
privileg$ mat]ial or attorney "w        
product1 to p]mit inspection1 copy+1    
te/+1 & photograph+ ( disclos$ docum5ts 
or tangible objects1 includ+ ! docum5ts 
or tangible objects describ$ 9          
subsection 7b71 irrespective ( :e!r !   
,gov]nm5t int5ds to rely on su*         
in=mation at trial & irrespective ( :e!r
 or n ! ,gov]nm5t consid]s su* in=mation
 mat]ial or exculpatory4  7d7           
,protective ord]  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,^u     
writt5 application by ! ,gov]nm5t1 !    
c\rt may grant a protective ord] limit+ 
! scope or tim+ ( disclosure requir$ by 
?is section1 or limit+ ! p]sons to :om  
su* disclosure may be made or           
dissem9at$4  7#b7 ,requirem5ts = grant+ 

,! application %all be grant$ only to ! 
ext5t ! ,gov]nm5t demon/rates t su*     
disclosure w\ld cause--  7,a7 a         
p>ticul>iz$ & sub/antial risk ( physical
 h>m or intimidation to any p]son2  7,b7
 ! release ( in=mation t w\ld compromise
 a significant national security int]e/2
 or  7,c7 ! violation ( privacy rights1 
protect$ by ,f$]al law1 ( a             
non-law-en=cem5t witness4  7#c7 ,nature 
( ord] if grant$ ,if grant$1 !          
protective ord] %all be n>r[ly tailor$  
to limit ! scope1 tim+ or ext5t (       
disclosure only to ! ext5t necess>y to  
address ! p>ticul>iz$ ne$ = delay$1     
limit$ or nondisclosure1 :ile protect+ !
 def5dant's "r to prep>e = trial or     
s5t5c+ to ! ext5t possible4  7#d7       
,application may be ex p>te ,! writt5   
application may be made ex p>te s long z
 ! ,gov]nm5t provides notice to !       
def5dant ( ! g5]al nature ( !           
application1 & ! def5dant is giv5 an    
opportunity to be he>d on :e!r an ex    
p>te application is necess>y1 :e!r any  

protective ord] is w>rant$1 & ! p>amet]s
 ( any protective ord]4 ,if !           
application rema9s seal$1 x %all be     
pres]v$ 9 ! record = appellate review4  
#cjc4 ,notification relat+ to =5sic1    
prosecutorial1 or law en=cem5t          
misconduct  7a7 ,notice ,n lat] ?an #cj 
days aft] a f9d+ by ! ,attorney ,g5]al t
 a ,f$]al prosecutor or law en=cem5t    
(fic] involv$ 9 a ,f$]al crim9al case   
has engag$ 9 misconduct or a ,f$]al     
=5sic facility or te*nician has provid$ 
flaw$ analysis or te/imony1 ! ,attorney 
,g5]al %all in=m ea* def5dant 9 ^: case 
t prosecutor1 law en=cem5t (fic]1 =5sic 
facility1 or =5sic te*nician 0 involv$4 
7b7 ,access to evid5ce & case files =   
notifi$ p]sons ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all 
p]mit notifi$ def5dants & _! c\nsel     
access to-- 7#a7 ! =5sic evid5ce und]ly+
 ! def5dant's case to be re-te/$ by     
ano!r validat$ ,gov]nm5t facility z well
 z by ! def5dant's indep5d5t =5sic exp]t
 at ! ,gov]nm5t's exp5se2 &  7#b7 !     
inve/igative & prosecutorial case file 9

 ! def5dant's case1 includ+ any attorney
 "w product4  7c7 ,failure ,to comply ,!
 ,attorney ,g5]al's failure to comply ) 
any requirem5t ( ?is section entitles ! 
def5dant to appropriate judicial relief4
  7d7 ,habeas relief ,a def5dant :o     
receives a notice "u subsection 7a7 & ^:
 conviction has become f9al is entitl$  
to seek judicial relief "u section #bbee
 ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1      
not)/&+ any proc$ural limitation or b>  
to su* relief1 s long z ! def5dant      
ex]cis$ due dilig5ce 9 seek+ relief aft]
 receiv+ ! notice describ$ 9 subsection 
7a74  #cjd4 ,rem$ies  7a7 ,)9 !         
,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice ,! ,attorney ,g5]al 
%all take appropriate discipl9>y        
measures to sanction any failure ( a    
,f$]al prosecutor or law en=cem5t (fic] 
to comply 9 good fai? ) ! proc$ures &   
requirem5ts creat$ by or "u ?is title4  
7b7 ,judicial rem$y ,! c\rt may exclude 
f trial any evid5ce involv$ 9 a failure 
( a ,f$]al prosecutor or law en=cem5t   
(fic] to comply 9 good fai? ) !         

proc$ures & requirem5ts creat$ by or "u 
?is title4  #cje4 ,toolkits = ,/ate &   
local gov]nm5t ,n lat] ?an #ahj days    
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 !  
,attorney ,g5]al %all provide toolkits  
reg>d+ tra9+ 9 be/ practices develop$ "u
 ?is title to ,/ate & local gov]nm5ts & 
enc\rage !m to adopt ^! practices to    
r$uce ! likelihood ( wrongful           
conviction4  ,,iv ,conc5trat+ ,prison   
,space on ,viol5t & ,c>e] ,crim9als  ,a 
,re/or+ ,orig9al ,congressional ,int5t  
,to ,focus ,f$]al ,drug ,m&atory        
,m9imums ,only on ,manag]s1 ,sup]visors1
 ,organiz]s1 & ,lead]s ( ,drug          
,traffick+ ,organizations & ,to ,avoid  
,duplicative ,prosecution ) ,/ates      
#dja4 ,focus+ ! application ( ,f$]al    
m&atory m9imums = c]ta9 drug (f5ses to  
re/ore orig9al congressional int5t      
respect+ ! balance ( p[] betwe5 ! ,f$]al
 ,gov]nm5t & ! ,/ates  7a7 ,controll$   
,sub/ances ,act ,section #dja ( !       
,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act 7#ba         
,u4,s4,c4 #hda7 is am5d$ by add+ at !   

end ! foll[+3  7i7 ,cl>ify+             
congressional int5t reg>d+ application (
 c]ta9 p5alties  7#a7 ,! p5alties set =?
 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 ( subsection 7b77#a7
 apply only if-- 7,a7 ! type & quantity 
( ! controll$ or c\nt]feit sub/ance     
violates subp>agraph 7,a7 ( subsection  
7b77#a72 &  7,b7 ! def5dant 0 an        
organiz] or lead] ( a drug traffick+    
organization4  7#b7 ,! p5alties set =? 9
 subp>agraph 7,b7 ( subsection 7b77#a7  
apply only if--  7,a7 ! type & quantity 
( ! controll$ or c\nt]feit sub/ance     
violates subp>agraph 7,b7 ( subsection  
7b77#a72 &  7,b7 ! def5dant 0 an        
organiz]1 lead]1 manag]1 or sup]visor ( 
a drug traffick+ organization4  7#c7 ,! 
p5alties set =? 9 subp>agraph 7,c7 (    
subsection 7b77#a7 apply only if--  7,a7
 ! type & quantity ( ! controll$ or     
c\nt]feit sub/ance violates subp>agraph 
7,a71 7,b71 or 7,c7 ( subsection        
7b77#a72 &  7,b7 ! def5dant 0 n a lead]1
 organiz]1 manag]1 or sup]visor ( a drug
 traffick+ organization4  7#d7 ,!       

p5alties set =? 9 subsection            
7b77#a77;,d7 apply only if-- 7,a7 !     
def5dant's conduct does n violate       
p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#c72  7,b7 !      
def5dant's role 0 n m9or or m9imal2 &   
7,c7 ! def5dant is n a lead]1 organiz]1 
manag]1 or sup]visor ( or o!rwise       
employ$ by a drug traffick+             
organization4  7#e7 ,! p5alties set =? 9
 section #djd ( ! ,controll$ ,sub/ances 
,act %all apply to prosecutions "u ?is  
section if--  7,a7 ! def5dant's conduct 
does n violate p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh     
7#c72 &  7,b7 ! def5dant's role 0 m9or  
or m9imal4  ,not)/&+ subsection         
7b77#a77;,d7 or p>agraph 7#d7 or 7#e7 ( 
?is subsection1 any p]son :o violates   
subsection 7a7 ( ?is section by         
di/ribut+ a small am\nt ( m>ijuana = no 
remun]ation %all be treat$ z provid$ 9  
section #djd ( ! ,controll$ ,sub/ances  
,act & section #cfjg ( title #ah1 ,unit$
 ,/ates ,code4  4  7b7 ,controll$       
,sub/ances ,import & ,export ,act       
,section #ajaj7;b7 ( ! ,controll$       

,sub/ances ,import & ,export ,act 7#ba  
,u4,s4,c4 #ifj7;b77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 s t 
p>agraph 7#d7 reads z foll[s3  7#d7 ,9 !
 case ( less ?an #ej kilograms (        
m>ihuana1 except 9 ! case ( #ej or m    
m>ihuana plants reg>dless ( weight1 #aj 
kilograms ( ha%i%1 or "o kilogram (     
ha%i% oil1 su* p]son %all1 except z     
provid$ 9 p>agraphs 7#d7 & 7#e7 (       
section #dja7;b71 be s5t5c$ to a t]m (  
imprisonm5t ( n m ?an #e ye>s1 a f9e n  
to exce$ ! great] ( t au?oriz$ 9        
accordance ) ! provisions ( title #ah1  
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 or #bej1jjj1 if !  
def5dant is an individual or #a1jjj1jjj 
if ! def5dant is o!r ?an an individual1 
or bo?4 ,if any p]son commits su* a     
violation aft] a prior conviction = a   
felony drug (f5se has become f9al1 su*  
p]son %all be s5t5c$ to a t]m (         
imprisonm5t ( n m ?an #aj ye>s1 a f9e n 
to exce$ ! great] ( twice t au?oriz$ 9  
accordance ) ! provisions ( title #ah1  
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 or #ejj1jjj if !   
def5dant is an individual or #b1jjj1jjj 

if ! def5dant is o!r ?an an individual1 
or bo?4 ,not)/&+ section #cehc ( title  
#ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 any s5t5ce    
impos+ a t]m ( imprisonm5t "u ?is       
p>agraph %all1 9 ! abs5ce ( su* a prior 
conviction1 impose a t]m ( sup]vis$     
release ( at lea/ #b ye>s 9 addition to 
su* t]m ( imprisonm5t & %all1 if !re 0  
su* a prior conviction1 impose a t]m (  
sup]vis$ release ( at lea/ #d ye>s 9    
addition to su* t]m ( imprisonm5t4  2 & 
7#b7 s t p>agraph 7#e7 reads z foll[s3  
7#e7 ,9 ! case ( a violation (          
subsection 7a7 involv+ a controll$      
sub/ance 9 s*$ule ,,iii1 su* p]son %all 
be s5t5c$ 9 accordance ) p>agraphs 7#a7 
?r\gh 7#d7 ( ?is subsection & subsection
 7e74  4  7c7 ,cl>ify+ orig9al          
congressional int5t reg>d+ application (
 c]ta9 p5alties ,section #ajaj ( !      
,controll$ ,sub/ances ,import & ,export 
,act 7#ba ,u4,s4,c4 #ifj7 is am5d$ by   
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7e7 ,cl>ify+   
orig9al congressional int5t reg>d+      
application ( p5alties "u ! controll$   

sub/ances import & export act  7#a7 ,!  
p5alties set =? 9 p>agraph 7#a7 (       
subsection 7b7 apply only if-- 7,a7 type
 & quantity ( ! controll$ or c\nt]feit  
sub/ance violates p>agraph 7#a7 (       
subsection 7b72 &  7,b7 ! def5dant 0 an 
organiz] or lead] ( a drug traffick+    
organization4  7#b7 ,! p5alties set =? 9
 p>agraph 7#b7 ( subsection 7b7 apply   
only if--  7,a7 ! type & quantity ( !   
controll$ or c\nt]feit sub/ance violates
 p>agraph 7#b7 ( subsection 7b72 &  7,b7
 ! def5dant 0 an organiz]1 lead]1       
manag]1 or sup]visor ( a drug traffick+ 
organization4  7#c7 ,! p5alties set =? 9
 p>agraph 7#c7 ( subsection 7b7 apply   
only if--  7,a7 ! type & quantity ( !   
controll$ or c\nt]feit sub/ance violates
 p>agraph 7#a71 7#b71 or 7#c7 (         
subsection 7b72 &  7,b7 ! def5dant 0 n a
 lead]1 organiz]1 manag]1 or sup]visor (
 a drug traffick+ organization4  7#d7 ,!
 p5alties set =? 9 p>agraph 7#d7 (      
subsection 7b7 apply only if-- 7,a7 !   
def5dant's conduct does n violate       

p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#c72  7,b7 !      
def5dant's role 0 n m9or or m9imal2 &   
7,c7 ! def5dant is n a lead]1 organiz]1 
manag]1 or sup]visor ( or o!rwise       
employ$ by a drug traffick+             
organization4  7#e7 ,! p5alties set =? 9
 section #djd ( ! ,controll$ ,sub/ances 
,act %all apply to prosecutions "u      
section #ajaj7;b7 ( ?is ,act if--  7,a7 
! def5dant's conduct does n violate     
p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#c72 &  7,b7 !    
def5dant's role 0 m9or or m9imal4  7#f7 
,not)/&+ p>agraph 7#d7 ( subsection 7b7 
or p>agraph 7#d7 or 7#e7 ( ?is          
subsection1 :oev] violates subsection   
7a7 ( ?is section by di/ribut+ a small  
am\nt ( m>ijuana = no remun]ation %all  
be treat$ z provid$ 9 section #djd ( !  
,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act & section    
#cfjg ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 
4  7d7 ,def9itions ,section #ajb ( !    
,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act is am5d$ by  
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#eh7 7,a7 ,!  
t]m p>ticipant means a p]son :o is      
crim9ally responsible = ! commission ( !

 (f5se1 & does n include a law en=cem5t 
(fic] or a p]son act+ on behalf ( law   
en=cem5t4  7,b7 ,! t]m organiz] or lead]
 means a p]son :o1 ov] a significant    
p]iod ( "t-- 7i7 ex]cis$ prim>y         
decision-mak+ au?ority ov] ! mo/        
significant aspects ( ! crim9al         
activity2  7ii7 engag$ 9 significant    
plann+ ( ! acquisition or di/ribution ( 
l>ge quantities ( drugs or sums ( money 
= ! initiation & commission ( ! (f5se2  
7iii7 recruit$ & paid accomplices2  7iv7
 delegat$ tasks to o!r p>ticipants on a 
regul> basis2  7v7 receiv$ a            
significantly l>g] %>e ( ! proce$s ( !  
crim9al activity ?an o!r p>ticipants2 & 
7vi7 ex]cis$ sup]visory control or      
au?ority ov] at lea/ f\r o!r p>ticipants
 9 ! crim9al activity :o meet !         
def9ition ( manag] or sup]visor 9       
subsection 7d77#c7 ov] a sub/antial     
p]iod ( "t4  7,c7 ,! t]m manag] or      
sup]visor means a p]son :o1 ov] a       
significant p]iod ( "t-- 7i7 ex]cis$ "s 
decision-mak+ au?ority ov] significant  

aspects ( ! crim9al activity2  7ii7     
receiv$ a l>g] %>e ( ! proce$s ( !      
crim9al activity ?an mo/ o!r            
p>ticipants2 &  7iii7 provid$ ongo+1    
day-to-day sup]vision (1 or specializ$  
tra9+ to1 at lea/ f\r o!r p>ticipants   
ov] a sub/antial p]iod ( "t4  7,d7 ,:5  
us$ ) reg>ds to a def5dant's role 9 !   
(f5se1 ! t]m m9or means ! p]son 0 n a   
manag]1 sup]visor1 organiz]1 or lead]1  
&1 9 comp>ison ) ^? 9 ! (f5se :o play$  
su* roles--  7i7 ex]cis$ little         
decision-mak+ au?ority ov] aspects ( !  
crim9al activity2  7ii7 _h little or no 
k ( ! scope1 ext5t1 & inn] work+s ( !   
crim9al activity2  7iii7 receiv$ small  
%>es ( ! proce$s ( ! crim9al activity2  
or  7iv7 0 involv$ 9 ! (f5se = a %ort   
p]iod ( "t or 9 a sporadic mann] ov] a  
long p]iod ( "t4  7,e7 ,:5 us$ ) reg>ds 
to a def5dant's role 9 ! (f5se1 ! t]m   
m9imal means ! p]son 0 n a manag]1      
sup]visor1 organiz]1 or lead]1 & !      
p]son's involvem5t 9 ! crime 0 less     
sub/antial ?an t ( a p]son play+ a m9or 

role4  4  7e7 ,applicability to o!r     
controll$ sub/ances d]iv+ _! p5alties   
!refrom  7#a7 ,section #dja ( !         
,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act is am5d$ by  
add+ at ! end1 z am5d$ by section       
#dja7;a7 ( ?is ,act3  7i7 ,! p5alties   
set =? 9 subsections 7b7 & 7i7 ( ?is    
section %all apply to any provision (   
law = :i* ! p5alties are d]iv$ f ?is    
section4  4  7#b7 ,section #ajaj ( !    
,controll$ ,sub/ances ,import & ,export 
,act is am5d$ by add+ at ! end1 z am5d$ 
by section #dja7;c7 ( ?is ,act3  7f7    
,application ( p5alties ,! p5alties set 
=? 9 subsections 7b7 & 7e7 ( ?is section
 %all apply to any provision ( law = :i*
 ! p5alties are d]iv$ f ?is section4    
#djb4 ,modification ( crit]ia = safety  
valve limitation on applicability (     
c]ta9 m&atory m9imums  7a7 ,9 g5]al     
,section #ceec7;f7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$  
,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 ! matt] 
prec$+ p>agraph 7#a71 by ins]t+ or "u   
any provision ( law = :i* ! p5alties are
 d]iv$ f any ( ^? sections1 or section  

#ibd7;c7 ( ?is title 9 relation to a    
drug traffick+ crime1 be=e ! c\rt %all  
impose2  7#b7 s t p>agraph 7#a7 reads z 
foll[s3  7#a7 ! def5dant--  7,a7 does n 
h a crim9al hi/ory category high] ?an   
category ,i aft] any d[nw>d dep>ture "u 
! s5t5c+ guidel9es2  7,b7 does n h-- 7i7
 crim9al hi/ory po9ts high] ?an #d aft] 
any d[nw>d dep>ture "u ! s5t5c+         
guidel9es2 or  7ii7 an (f5se (          
conviction t is-- 7,i7 an (f5se "u      
section #ibb or #ibd2  7,,ii7 a sex     
(f5se 7z def9$ 9 section #aaa ( ! ,adam 
,wal% ,*ild ,protection & ,safety ,act (
 #bjjf72  7,,iii7 a ,f$]al crime (      
t]rorism 7z def9$ 9 section             
#bccb;b7g77#e772 or  7,,iv7 a rackete]+ 
(f5se "u section #aifb2 or  7,c7        
committ$ ! (f5se z ! result (-- 7i7     
m5tal illness1 cognitive deficits1 or a 
hi/ory ( p]si/5t or s]i\s sub/ance abuse
 or addiction2  7ii7 trauma suff]$ :ile 
s]v+ on active duty 9 an arm$ conflict  
zone = a bran* ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates        
milit>y2 or  7iii7 victimization /emm+ f

 any comb9ation ( physical1 m5tal1      
emotional1 or psy*ological abuse or     
dome/ic viol5ce1 if ! (f5se 0 committ$  
at ! direction ( ano!r individual :o--  
7,i7 0 a m culpable p>ticipant 9 !      
in/ant (f5se or play$ a significantly   
great] role 9 ! (f5se2 or  7,,ii7       
effectively co]c$ ! def5dant's          
involvem5t 9 ! (f5se by means ( ?reats  
or abuse ei!r directly f ! o!r          
individual or ?r\gh any p]son or gr\p2  
2  7#c7 s t p>agraph 7#b7 reads z       
foll[s3  7#b7 ! def5dant did n use      
viol5ce or cr$ible ?reats ( viol5ce 9   
connection ) ! (f5se2  2 &  7#d7 s t    
p>agraph 7#d7 reads z foll[s3  7#d7 !   
def5dant 0 n convict$ "u section #dja ( 
! ,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act or section 
#ajaj7;b7 ( ! ,controll$ ,sub/ances     
,import & ,export ,act = be+ an         
organiz]1 lead]1 manag]1 or sup]visor ( 
a drug traffick+ organization1 & 0 n    
engag$ 9 a cont9u+ crim9al ent]prise1 z 
def9$ 9 section #djh ( ! ,controll$     
,sub/ances ,act2 &  4  7b7 ,limitation  

on use ( c]ta9 in=mation ,to det]m9e    
guidel9e range ,subsection 7f77#e7 (    
section #ceec ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,code1 z am5d$ by section #djb7;a7 (   
?is ,act1 is am5d$ fur!r by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7h7 ,limitation on use ( 
c]ta9 in=mation ,to det]m9e guidel9e    
s5t5ce ,in=mation & evid5ce provid$ by !
 def5dant pursuant to ?is p>agraph %all 
n be us$ by ! c\rt 9 det]m9+ !          
applicable guidel9e range1 or 9 impos+  
an upw>d dep>ture or v>iance4  4  #djc4 
,consi/5cy 9 ! use ( prior convictions =
 s5t5c+ enhancem5ts  7a7 ,def9ition (   
felony drug (f5se ,section #ajb7dd7 ( ! 
,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act 7#ba         
,u4,s4,c4 #hjb7dd77 is am5d$ to read z  
foll[s3  7#dd7 ,= ! purpose ( increas$  
puni%m5t bas$ on a prior conviction = a 
felony drug (f5se1 ! t]m felony drug    
(f5se--  7,a7 means an (f5se "u ,f$]al  
or ,/ate law t-- 7i7 has z an elem5t !  
kn[+ manufacture1 di/ribution1 import1  
export1 or possession ) int5t to        
di/ribute a controll$ sub/ance2  7ii7 is

 classifi$ by ! applicable law ( !      
jurisdiction z a felony = :i* a maximum 
t]m ( imprisonm5t ( #aj ye>s or m is    
prescrib$ by law2 &  7iii7 = :i* a      
s5t5ce ( imprisonm5t exce$+ #a ye> & #a 
mon? 0 initially impos$ & 0 n susp5d$2 b
  7,b7 does n include an (f5se = :i*--  
7i7 ! conviction occurr$ m ?an #aj ye>s 
be=e ! def5dant's commission ( ! in/ant 
(f5se1 exclud+ any p]iod dur+ :i* !     
def5dant 0 inc>c]at$2  7ii7 !           
prosecution relat+ to ! (f5se 0         
ultimately dismiss$1 includ+ 9 a case 9 
:i* ! def5dant previ\sly ent]$ a plea ( 
guilty or nolo cont5d]e2  7iii7 !       
conviction has be5 rev]s$1 vacat$1 set  
aside1 or o!rwise vitiat$ by judicial   
action2  7iv7 ! conviction 0 expung$2   
7v7 ! def5dant has be5 p>don$ or _h     
civil rights re/or$2 or  7vi7 !         
conviction 0 uncon/itutional "u !       
caselaw ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,supreme ,c\rt
 9 effect at ! "t ! conviction occurr$  
or aft] ! conviction became f9al4  4    
7b7 ,def9ition ( felony drug traffick+  

(f5se ,section #ajb ( ! ,controll$      
,sub/ances ,act 7#ba ,u4,s4,c4 #hjb7 is 
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#eg7 
,= ! purpose ( increas$ puni%m5t bas$ on
 a prior conviction = a drug traffick+  
(f5se1 t t]m has ! same mean+ z ! t]m   
felony drug (f5se "u subsection 7#dd74  
4  7c7 ,def9itions ( relat$ t]ms = *apt]
 #dd ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code   
,section #ibd7;e77#b7 ( title #ah1      
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$--  7#a7 9 
subp>agraph 7,a71 by /rik+ means-- & all
 t foll[s ?r\gh ! end ( ! subp>agraph & 
ins]t+ means a felony drug (f5se z t t]m
 is def9$ 9 section #ajb7dd7 ( !        
,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act22  7#b7 9    
subp>agraph 7,b71 by ins]t+ 1 = :i* a   
s5t5ce ( imprisonm5t exce$+ #a ye> & #a 
mon? 0 initially impos$ & n susp5d$ aft]
 adult2 &  7#c7 9 subp>agraph 7,c71 by  
/rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ 1 b does
 n include a conviction = any (f5se t is
 n classifi$ z a felony by ! applicable 
law ( ! jurisdiction or is a conviction 
( ! sort describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b7 (  

section #ajb7dd7 ( ! ,controll$         
,sub/ances ,act & does n include any    
f9d+ t ! def5dant committ$ an act (     
juv5ile del9qu5cy t 0 made m ?an #aj    
ye>s be=e ! def5dant's comm5cem5t ( !   
in/ant (f5se1 exclud+ any p]iod dur+ :i*
 ! def5dant 0 inc>c]at$2 &4  7d7        
,requirem5t ( fil+ an in=mation ,section
 #ibd7;e7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates    
,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end !      
foll[+3  7#c7 ,a p]son may n be s5t5c$  
to increas$ puni%m5t "u ?is subsection  
unless1 be=e trial or entry ( a guilty  
plea1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,attorney files an
 in=mation ) ! c\rt & s]ves a copy on ! 
p]son or 8 c\nsel /at+ 9 writ+ ! previ\s
 convictions to be reli$ ^u4  4  7e7    
,apply+ evid5ce-,bas$ practices =       
age-,relat$ decl9es 9 recidivism to     
c]ta9 p5alties  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section  
#dja7;b77#a7 ( ! ,controll$ ,sub/ances  
,act 7#ba ,u4,s4,c4 #hda7;b77#a77 is    
am5d$-- 7,a7 9 subp>agraph 7,a7--  7i7 9
 ! flu% text foll[+ clause 7viii71 by   
/rik+ life imprisonm5t1 a f9e & ins]t+ a

 t]m ( imprisonm5t :i* may n be less ?an
 #be ye>s & n m ?an life imprisonm5t1 a 
f9e2 &  7ii7 9 ! flu% text foll[+ clause
 7viii71 by /rik+ t]m ( life imprisonm5t
 )\t release & ins]t+ a t]m (           
imprisonm5t :i* may n be less ?an #be   
ye>s & n m ?an life imprisonm5t1 a f9e2 
7,b7 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 9 ! flu% text  
foll[+ clause 7viii71 by /rik+ life     
imprisonm5t1 a f9e & ins]t+ a t]m (     
imprisonm5t :i* may n be less ?an #be   
ye>s & n m ?an life imprisonm5t1 a f9e2 
&  7,c7 9 subp>agraph 7,c71 by /rik+    
life imprisonm5t1 a f9e & ins]t+ a t]m (
 imprisonm5t :i* may n be less ?an #be  
ye>s & n m ?an life imprisonm5t1 a f9e4 
7#b7 ,retroactive effect ,! am5dm5ts    
made by ?is subsection apply ) respect  
to convictions occurr+ be=e1 on1 or aft]
 ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4  7f7   
,proc$ures relat$ to seek+ enhanc$ drug 
p5alties = drug traffick+ ,section #daa 
( ! ,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act 7#ba     
,u4,s4,c4 #hea7 is am5d$ by /rik+       
p>agraph 7#b7 ( subsection 7a7 & ins]t+ 

! foll[+3  7#b7 ,no p]son :o is convict$
 ( an (f5se "u ?is "p %all be s5t5c$ to 
increas$ puni%m5t by reason ( a prior   
conviction if--  7,a7 except z provid$ 9
 p>agraph 7#d71 ! ,gov]nm5t fails1 be=e 
trial1 or be=e entry ( a plea ( guilty1 
to file an in=mation ) ! c\rt & s]ves a 
copy ( su* in=mation on ! p]son or      
c\nsel = t p]son1 /at+ any previ\s      
conviction ^u :i* ! ,gov]nm5t int5ds to 
rely = ! enhanc$ p5alty2  7,b7 ! p]son 0
 n convict$ z alleg$ 9 ! in=mation2     
7,c7 ! conviction is = simple possession
 ( a controll$ sub/ance1 ! (f5se 0      
classifi$ z a misdemeanor "u ! law ( !  
jurisdiction 9 :i* ! proce$+s 7 held1 ! 
f9d+ t ! def5dant committ$ an act (     
juv5ile del9qu5cy t made m ?an #aj ye>s 
be=e ! def5dant's comm5cem5t ( ! in/ant 
(f5se1 exclud+ any p]iod dur+ :i* !     
def5dant 0 inc>c]at$1 or ! proce$+s     
result$ 9 a disposition t 0 n deem$ a   
conviction "u t law2  7,d7 ! conviction 
has be5 dismiss$1 expung$1 vacat$1 or   
set aside1 or = :i* ! p]son has be5     

p>don$ or has _h civil rights re/or$2   
7,e7 ! conviction is invalid2 or  7,f7 !
 p]son is o!rwise n subject to an       
increas$ s5t5ce z a matt] ( law4  7#c7  
,an in=mation may n be fil$ "u ?is      
section-- 7,a7 if ! increas$ puni%m5t   
:i* may be impos$ is imprisonm5t = a t]m
 9 excess ( ?ree ye>s unless ! p]son    
ei!r waiv$ or 0 af=d$ prosecution by    
indictm5t = ! (f5se = :i* su* increas$  
puni%m5t may be impos$2 or  7,b7 m ?an  
#aj ye>s aft] ! date ! judgm5t = ! prior
 conviction 0 ent]$1 exclud+ any p]iod  
dur+ :i* ! def5dant 0 inc>c]at$4  7#d7  
,^u a %[+ by ! ,gov]nm5t t facts reg>d+ 
prior convictions c\ld n ) due dilig5ce 
be obta9$ prior to trial or be=e entry (
 a plea ( guilty1 ! c\rt may po/pone !  
trial or ! tak+ ( ! plea ( guilty = a   
reasonable p]iod = ! purpose ( obta9+ ^?
 facts4  7#e7 ,cl]ical mi/akes 9 !      
in=mation1 or 9 ! und]ly+ conviction    
records1 may be am5d$ at any "t prior to
 ! pron\ncem5t ( ! s5t5ce4  7#f7 ,!     
,gov]nm5t %all be> ! burd5 ( pro( beyond

 a reasonable d\bt reg>d+ ! exi/5ce &   
accuracy ( any prior conviction alleg$4 
7#g7 ,! p]son ) respect to :om !        
in=mation 0 fil$ may *all5ge a prior    
conviction be=e s5t5ce is impos$4  7#h7 
,if a prior conviction t 0 a basis =    
increas$ puni%m5t "u ?is "p has be5     
vacat$ 9 any ,/ate or ,f$]al proce$+1 or
 is = an (f5se t no long] qualifies z a 
felony drug (f5se "u ,unit$ ,/ates      
,supreme ,c\rt or relevant circuit      
caselaw1 ! p]son %all be res5t5c$ to any
 s5t5ce available "u ! law at ! "t (    
res5t5c+1 n to exce$ ! orig9al s5t5ce4  
4  7g7 ,in=mation fil$ by ,unit$ ,/ates 
attorney ,p>agraph 7#d7 ( section       
#ceei7;c7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates    
,code1 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3  7#d7 
,in=mation fil$ by ,unit$ ,/ates        
attorney ,a p]son may n be s5t5c$ to    
increas$ puni%m5t "u ?is subsection     
unless1 be=e trial or entry ( a guilty  
plea1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,attorney files an
 in=mation ) ! c\rt & s]ves a copy on ! 
p]son or 8 c\nsel /at+ 9 writ+ ! previ\s

 convictions to be reli$ ^u4  4  7h7    
,res5t5c+ ,section #ceei7;c77#g7 ( title
 #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by  
ins]t+ n to exce$ ! orig9al s5t5ce be=e 
! p]iod at ! end4  #djd4 ,cl>ification (
 applicability ( ! ,fair ,s5t5c+ ,act   
7a7 ,def5dants previ\sly s5t5c$ ,a c\rt 
t impos$ a s5t5ce = a cov]$ (f5se1 may1 
on motion ( ! def5dant1 ! ,director ( ! 
,bureau ( ,prisons1 ! attorney = !      
,gov]nm5t1 or ! c\rt1 impose a r$uc$    
s5t5ce z if sections #b & #c ( ! ,fair  
,s5t5c+ ,act ( #bjaj 7 9 effect at ! "t 
! cov]$ (f5se 0 committ$4  7b7          
,def9ition ( cov]$ (f5se ,9 ?is section1
 ! t]m cov]$ (f5se means a violation ( a
 ,f$]al crim9al /atute1 ! /atutory      
p5alties = :i* 7 modifi$ by section #b  
or #c ( ! ,fair ,s5t5c+ ,act ( #bjaj    
7,public ,law #aaa-bbj2 #abd ,/at4      
#bcgb71 t 0 committ$ be=e ,augu/ #c1    
#bjaj4  #dje4 ,eligibility = res5t5c+   
bas$ on *anges 9 law ,section #cehb7;c7 
( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is    
am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ & at ! end (      

p>agraph 7#a72  7#b7 by /rik+ ! p]iod at
 ! end ( p>agraph 7#b7 & ins]t+ 2 &2 &  
7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#c7 9 
! case ( a def5dant :o 0 s5t5c$ to a t]m
 ( imprisonm5t = an (f5se = :i* ! m9imum
 or maximum t]m ( imprisonm5t 0         
subsequ5tly r$uc$ z a result ( !        
am5dm5ts made by ! ,,safe ,ju/ice ,act1 
^u motion ( ! def5dant1 c\nsel = !      
def5dant1 c\nsel = ! ,gov]nm5t1 or !    
,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons1 or1 on
 its own motion1 ! c\rt may r$uce ! t]m 
( imprisonm5t consi/5t ) t r$uction1    
aft] consid]+ ! factors set =? 9        
subsections 7a7 & 7d7 ?r\gh 7g7 (       
section #ceec to ! ext5t applicable4 ,if
 ! c\rt does grant a s5t5ce r$uction1 ! 
r$uc$ s5t5ce %all n be less ?an p]mitt$ 
"u curr5t /atutory law4 ,if ! c\rt d5ies
 a motion made "u ?is p>agraph1 ! movant
 may file ano!r motion "u ?is           
subsection1 n e>li] ?an #e ye>s aft] ea*
 d5ial1 :i* may be grant$ if ! (f5d]    
demon/rates ! (f5d]'s compliance )      
recidivism-r$uction programm+ or o!r    

ef=ts ! (f5d] has und]tak5 to improve ! 
likelihood ( successful re-entry &      
decrease any risk to public safety pos$ 
by ! def5dant's release4 ,if ! c\rt     
d5ies ! motion due to incorrect legal   
conclusions or facts or o!r mi/akes by !
 c\rt1 probation (fic]1 or c\nsel1 !    
def5dant may file ano!r motion "u ?is   
subsection at any "t4  4  #djf4         
,directives to ! ,s5t5c+ ,commission    
7a7 ,g5]ally ,pursuant to its au?ority  
"u section #iid7p7 ( title #bh1 ,unit$  
,/ates ,code1 & 9 accordance ) ?is      
section1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+        
,commission %all review & am5d its      
guidel9es & its policy /atem5ts         
applicable to p]sons convict$ ( an (f5se
 "u ! ,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act 7#ba   
,u4,s4,c4 #hja et seq471 ! ,controll$   
,sub/ances ,import & ,export ,act 7#ba  
,u4,s4,c4 #iea et seq471 or any (f5se   
d]iv+ its p5alties !refrom to ensure t !
 guidel9es & policy /atem5ts are        
consi/5t ) ! am5dm5ts made by ?is title4
  7b7 ,consid]ations ,9 c>ry+ out ?is   

section1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+        
,commission %all consid]-- 7#a7 ! m&ate 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+ ,commission1  
"u section #iid7;g7 ( title #bh1 ,unit$ 
,/ates ,code1 to =mulate ! s5t5c+       
guidel9es 9 su* a way z to m9imize !    
likelihood t ! ,f$]al prison population 
w exce$ ! capacity ( ! ,f$]al prisons2  
7#b7 ! relevant public safety conc]ns1  
includ+ ! ne$ to pres]ve limit$ prison  
res\rces = m s]i\s1 repeat1 & viol5t    
(f5d]s2  7#c7 ! int5t ( ,congress t     
viol5t1 repeat1 & high-level drug       
traffick]s :o pres5t public safety risks
 receive suffici5tly sev]e s5t5ces1 & t 
nonviol5t1 l[]- & /reet-level drug      
(f5d]s )\t s]i\s records receive        
proportionally less sev]e s5t5ces2  7#d7
 ! fiscal implications ( any am5dm5ts or
 revisions to ! s5t5c+ guidel9es or     
policy /atem5ts made by ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
,s5t5c+ ,commission2  7#e7 !            
appropriat5ess (1 & likelihood (        
unw>rant$ s5t5c+ disp>ity result+ f1 use
 ( drug type & quantity z ! prim>y      

factors det]m9+ a s5t5c+ guidel9e range2
 &  7#f7 ! ne$ to r$uce & prev5t racial 
disp>ities 9 ,f$]al s5t5c+4  7c7 ,g5]al 
in/ruction to s5t5c+ commission ,section
 #iid7;h7 ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates    
,code1 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3  7h7  
,! ,commission %all ensure t ! guidel9es
 specify a s5t5ce to a t]m ( imprisonm5t
 at or ne> ! maximum t]m au?oriz$ =     
categories ( def5dants 9 :i* ! def5dant 
is #ah ye>s old or old] &--  7#a7 has   
be5 convict$ ( a felony t is-- 7,a7 a   
viol5t felony z def9$ 9 section         
#ibd7;e77#b77;,b7 ( title #ah2 or  7,b7 
an (f5se "u-- 7i7 section #dja ( !      
,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act2  7ii7       
section #ajjb7;a71 #ajje1 or #ajji ( !  
,controll$ ,sub/ances ,import & ,export 
,act2 or  7iii7 *apt] #gje ( title #df1 
,unit$ ,/ates ,code2 &  7#b7 has        
previ\sly be5 convict$ ( two or m prior 
(f5ses1 ea* ( :i*-- 7,a7 is classifi$ by
 ! applicable law ( ! convict+          
jurisdiction z a felony2 &  7,b7 is--   
7i7 a viol5t felony z def9$ 9 section   

#ibd7;e77#b77;,b7 ( title #ah2 or  7ii7 
a felony drug (f5se z def9$ 9 section   
#ajb7dd7 ( ! ,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act4
  4  #djg4 ,exclusion ( acquitt$ conduct
 & discretion to disreg>d manipulat$    
conduct f consid]ation dur+ s5t5c+  7a7 
,acquitt$ conduct n ,to be consid]$ 9   
s5t5c+ ,section #cffa ( title #ah1      
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by /rik+ !
 p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ 1 except t a   
c\rt %all n consid] conduct ( :i* a     
p]son has n be5 convict$44  7b7 ,provid+
 discretion ,to disreg>d c]ta9 factors 9
 s5t5c+  7#a7 ,title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates 
,code ,section #ceec ( title #ah1 ,unit$
 ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end
 ! foll[+3  7g7 ,discretion ,to disreg>d
 c]ta9 factors ,a c\rt1 9 s5t5c+ a      
def5dant convict$ "u ! ,controll$       
,sub/ances ,act1 ! ,controll$ ,sub/ances
 ,import & ,export ,act1 any (f5se d]iv+
 its p5alties f ei!r su* ,act1 or an    
(f5se "u section #ibd7;c7 bas$ on a drug
 traffick+ crime1 may disreg>d1 9       
det]m9+ ! /atutory range1 calculat+ !   

guidel9e range or consid]+ ! factors set
 =? 9 section #ceec7;a71 any type or    
quantity ( a controll$ sub/ance1        
c\nt]feit sub/ance1 fire>m or ammunition
 t 0 det]m9$ by a confid5tial in=mant1  
coop]at+ witness1 or law en=cem5t (fic] 
:o solicit$ ! def5dant to p>ticipate 9 a
 rev]se /+ or fictiti\s /a%-h\se robb]y4
  4  7#b7 ,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act    
,section #dja7;b77#a7 ( ! ,controll$    
,sub/ances ,act 7#ba ,u4,s4,c4          
#hda7;b77#a77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end 
! foll[+3  7,f7 ,9 ! case ( a p]son :o  
conspires to commit an (f5se "u ?is     
title1 ! type & quantity ( ! controll$  
or c\nt]feit sub/ance = ! (f5se t 0 !   
object ( ! conspiracy %all be ! type &  
quantity involv$ 9--  7i7 ! def5dant's  
own unlawful acts2 &  7ii7 any unlawful 
act ( a co-conspirator t--  7,i7 !      
def5dant agre$ to jo9tly und]take2      
7,,ii7 0 9 fur!rance ( t unlawful act ! 
def5dant agre$ to jo9tly und]take2 &    
7,,iii7 0 int5d$ by ! def5dant4  4  7#c7
 ,controll$ sub/ances import & export   

act ,section #ajaj7;b7 ( ! ,controll$   
,sub/ances ,import & ,export ,act 7#ba  
,u4,s4,c4 #ifj7;b77 is am5d$ by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7#h7 ,9 ! case ( a     
p]son :o conspires to commit an (f5se "u
 ?is title1 ! type & quantity ( !       
controll$ or c\nt]feit sub/ance = !     
(f5se t 0 ! object ( ! conspiracy %all  
be ! type & quantity involv$ 9--  7,a7 !
 def5dant's own unlawful acts2 &  7,b7  
any unlawful act ( a co-conspirator t-- 
7i7 ! def5dant agre$ to jo9tly und]take2
  7ii7 0 9 fur!rance ( t unlawful act ! 
def5dant agre$ to jo9tly und]take2 &    
7iii7 0 int5d$ by ! def5dant4  4  7#d7  
,directive to ! s5t5c+ commission       
,pursuant to its au?ority "u section    
#iid7p7 ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates      
,code1 & 9 accordance ) ?is section1 !  
,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+ ,commission %all  
review & am5d its guidel9es & policy    
/atem5ts applicable to relevant conduct 
to ensure t !y are consi/5t ) ! am5dm5ts
 made by ?is section4  7#e7 ,def9itions 
,! foll[+ def9itions apply 9 ?is        

section3 7,a7 ,rev]se /+ ,! t]m rev]se  
/+ means a situation 9 :i* a p]son :o is
 a law en=cem5t (fic] or is act+ on     
behalf ( law en=cem5t initiates a       
transaction involv+ ! sale ( a controll$
 sub/ance1 c\nt]feit sub/ance1 fire>ms  
or ammunition to a t>get$ individual4   
7,b7 ,/a% h\se ,! t]m /a% h\se means a  
location :]e drugs &_/or money are /or$ 
9 fur!rance ( a drug di/ribution        
op]ation4  7,c7 ,fictiti\s /a% h\se     
robb]y ,! t]m fictiti\s /a% h\se robb]y 
means a situation 9 :i* a p]son :o is a 
law en=cem5t (fic] or is act+ on behalf 
( law en=cem5t describes a fictiti\s /a%
 h\se to a t>get$ individual & invites !
 t>get$ individual to rob su* fictiti\s 
/a% h\se4  ,b ,cl>ification (           
,congressional ,int5t on ,c]ta9         
,recidivi/ ,p5alties  #djh4 ,am5dm5ts to
 enhanc$ p5alties provision ,section    
#ibd7;c7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates     
,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 p>agraph       
7#a77;,c71 by /rik+1 ,9 ! case ( a      
second or subsequ5t conviction "u ?is   

subsection & ins]t+ ,if any p]son       
commits a violation "u ?is subsection   
aft] a prior conviction "u ?is          
subsection has become f9al2  7#b7 9     
clause 7i71 by /rik+ n less ?an #be ye>s
 & ins]t+ n less ?an #ae ye>s42 &  7#c7 
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#f7 ,9 ?is 
subsection1 ! t]m dur+ & 9 relation to  
does n include any possession n on !    
p]son (1 or )9 arm's rea* & o!rwise     
readily & imm$iately accessible to !    
def5dant at ! "t & place ( ! (f5se4  4  
,c ,exp&+ ! ,ability ,to ,apply =       
,compassionate ,release  #dji4 ,ability 
to petition = release to ext5d$         
sup]vision = c]ta9 prison]s :o are      
m$ically incapacitat$1 g]iatric1 or     
c>egiv] p>5ts ( m9or *ildr5 & :o d n    
pose public safety risks  7a7           
,eligibility ,subp>agraph 7,a7 ( section
 #cehb7;c77#a7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$      
,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3
  7,a7 ! c\rt1 ^u motion ( ! def5dant1 !
 ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons1 or on
 its own motion1 may r$uce ! t]m (      

imprisonm5t aft] consid]+ ! factors set 
=? 9 section #ceec7;a7 to ! ext5t !y are
 applicable1 if x f9ds t--  7i7         
extraord9>y & compell+ reasons w>rant   
su* a r$uction2 or  7ii7 ! def5dant--   
7,i7 is at lea/ #fj ye>s ( age2  7,,ii7 
has an extraord9>y heal? condition2 or  
7,,iii7 has be5 notifi$ t-- 7aa7 !      
prim>y c>egiv] ( ! def5dant's biological
 or adopt$ *ild "u ! age ( #ah has di$  
or has become m$ically1 m5tally1 or     
psy*ologically incapacitat$2  7bb7 !    
prim>y c>egiv] is !re=e unable to c>e = 
! *ild any long]2 &  7cc7 o!r family    
memb]s or c>egiv]s are unable to c>e = !
 *ild1 su* t ! *ild is at risk ( be+    
plac$ 9 ! fo/] c>e sy/em2 &  4  7b7     
,ineligibility & proc$ure ,section #cehb
 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is   
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7e7   
,ineligibility ,no prison] is eligible =
 a modification ( s5t5ce "u subsection  
7c77#a77;,a7 if ! prison] is s]v+ a     
s5t5ce ( imprisonm5t = any ( ! foll[+   
(f5ses3  7#a7 ,a ,f$]al conviction =    

homicide 9 :i* ! prison] 0 prov5 beyond 
a reasonable d\bt to h _h ! int5t to    
cause dea? & dea? result$4  7#b7 ,a     
,f$]al crime ( t]rorism1 z def9$ "u     
section #bccb;b7g77#e74  7#c7 ,a ,f$]al 
sex (f5se1 z describ$ 9 section #aaa ( !
 ,sex ,(f5d] ,regi/ration &             
,notification ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4       
#afiaa74  7f7 ,requirem5ts = c]ta9      
motions ,if ! prison] makes a motion "u 
subsection 7c77#a77;,a7 on ! basis ( an 
extraord9>y heal? condition or ! dea? or
 incapacitation ( ! prim>y c>egiv] ( !  
prison]'s m9or *ild1 t prison] %all     
provide docum5tation1 z ! case may be-- 
7#a7 sett+ =? a relevant diagnosis      
reg>d+ ! extraord9>y heal? condition2 or
  7#b7 t--  7,a7 ! requirem5ts (        
subsection 7c77#a77;,a77ii77,,iii7 are  
met2 &  7,b7 ! prison]'s release--  7i7 
is 9 ! be/ int]e/ ( ! *ild2 &  7ii7 w\ld
 n endang] public safety4  7g7 ,proc$ure
 = c\rt det]m9ation  7#a7 ,^u receipt ( 
a prison]'s motion "u subsection        
7c77#a77;,a71 ! c\rt1 aft] obta9+       

relevant contact in=mation f ! ,attorney
 ,g5]al1 %all s5d notice ( ! motion to !
 victim or victims1 or appropriate      
surviv+ relatives ( a deceas$ victim1 ( 
! crime committ$ by ! prison]4 ,! notice
 %all in=m ! victim or victims or       
surviv+ relatives ( a deceas$ victim (  
h[ to provide a /atem5t prior to a      
det]m9ation by ! c\rt on ! motion4  7#b7
 ,n lat] ?an #fj days aft] receiv+ a    
prison]'s motion = modification "u      
subsection 7c77#a77;,a71 ! c\rt %all    
hold a he>+ on ! motion if ! motion has 
n be5 grant$4  7#c7 ,! c\rt %all grant !
 modification "u subsection 7c77#a77;,a7
 if ! c\rt det]m9es t-- 7,a7 ! prison]  
meets ! crit]ia pursuant to subsection  
7c77#a77;,a72 &  7,b7 !re is a l[       
likelihood t ! prison] w pose a risk to 
public safety4  7#d7 ,9 det]m9+ a       
prison]'s motion = a modification (     
s5t5ce "u subsection 7c77#a77;,a7 ! c\rt
 %all consid]--  7,a7 ! age ( ! prison] 
& ye>s s]v$ 9 prison2  7,b7 ! crim9og5ic
 ne$s & risk factors ( ! (f5d]2  7,c7 ! 

prison]'s behavior 9 prison2  7,d7 an   
evaluation ( ! prison]'s community &    
familial bonds2  7,e7 an evaluation ( ! 
prison]'s heal?2 &  7,f7 a victim       
/atem5t1 if applicable1 pursuant to     
p>agraph 7#a74  7h7 ,actions ) respect  
to successful motion ,if ! c\rt grants !
 prison]'s motion pursuant to subsection
 7c77#a77;,a71 ! c\rt %all-- 7#a7 r$uce 
! t]m ( imprisonm5t = ! prison] 9 a     
mann] t provides = ! release ( ! prison]
 n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date on :i* 
! prison] 0 approv$ = s5t5ce            
modification2  7#b7 modify ! rema9d] ( !
 t]m ( imprisonm5t to home conf9em5t or 
resid5tial re-entry conf9em5t ) or )\t  
electronic monitor+2 or  7#c7 l5g!n or  
impose a t]m ( sup]vis$ release s t x   
expires on ! same date z if ! def5dant  
receiv$ no relief "u subsection         
7c77#a77;,a74  7i7 ,subsequ5t motions   
,if ! c\rt d5ies a prison]'s motion     
pursuant to subsection 7c77#a77;,a71 !  
prison] may n file ano!r motion "u      
subsection 7c77#a77;,a7 e>li] ?an "o ye>

 aft] ! date ( d5ial4 ,if ! c\rt d5ies !
 motion due to incorrect legal          
conclusions or facts or o!r mi/akes by !
 c\rt1 probation (fic]1 or c\nsel1 !    
prison] may file ano!r motion "u t      
subsection )\t reg>d to ?is limitation4 
7j7 ,def9ition ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m    
extraord9>y heal? conditions means a    
condition afflict+ a p]son1 su* z       
infirmity1 significant disability1 or a 
ne$ = advanc$ m$ical treatm5t or s]vices
 n readily or reasonably available )9 ! 
correctional in/itution4  4  7c7        
,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by ?is 
section take effect #a ye> aft] ! date (
 ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4  ,v ,enc\rag+   
,acc\ntability ,) ,great] ,use (        
,evid5ce-,bas$ ,s5t5c+ ,alt]natives =   
,l[]-,level ,(f5d]s  #eja4 ,eligibility 
= prejudgem5t probation ,section        
#cfjg7;a77#a7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,code1 is am5d$ by /rik+ be5 convict$ (
 violat+ a ,f$]al or ,/ate law relat+ to
 controll$ sub/ances & ins]t+ be5       
convict$ ( a felony "u ! ,controll$     

,sub/ances ,act1 ! ,controll$ ,sub/ances
 ,import & ,export ,act1 or any o!r     
,f$]al (f5se d]iv+ its p5alties f ei!r  
su* ,act4  #ejb4 ,s5t5ce ( probation    
,subsection 7a7 ( section #cefa ( title 
#ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ to   
read z foll[s3  7a7 ,9 g5]al  7#a7      
,probation g5]ally available ,except z  
provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 a def5dant :o  
has be5 f\nd guilty ( an (f5se may be   
s5t5c$ to probation4  7#b7 ,g5]al       
exceptions ,a def5dant may n be s5t5c$  
to probation if-- 7,a7 ! (f5se is a     
,class ,a or ,class ,b felony & !       
def5dant is an individual2  7,b7 ! (f5se
 is an (f5se = :i* probation has be5    
expressly preclud$2 or  7,c7 ! def5dant 
is s5t5c$ at ! same "t to a t]m (       
imprisonm5t = ! same or a diff]5t (f5se 
t is n a petty (f5se4  7#c7 ,presumption
 ( probation = c]ta9 (f5d]s ,! c\rt %all
 s5t5ce an o!rwise eligible def5dant to 
probation1 if ! def5dant is a fir/-"t   
,f$]al (f5d] ^: place ( resid5ce all[s =
 ,f$]al probation sup]vision & :o did n 

engage 9 viol5t conduct z a "p ( !      
(f5se1 unless ! c\rt1 hav+ consid]$ !   
nature & circum/ances ( ! (f5se & !     
hi/ory & *>act]i/ics ( ! def5dant1 f9ds 
on ! record t a t]m ( probation w\ld n  
be appropriate4 ,h[ev]1 a def5dant      
convict$ ( a ,f$]al sex (f5se1 z        
describ$ 9 section #aaa ( ! ,sex ,(f5d] 
,regi/ration & ,notification ,act1 is n 
subject to a presumption ( probation "u 
?is p>agraph4  4  #ejc4 ,directive to ! 
,s5t5c+ ,commission reg>d+ use (        
probation  7a7 ,directive to ! s5t5c+   
commission ,pursuant to its au?ority "u 
section #iid7p7 ( title #bh1 ,unit$     
,/ates ,code1 & 9 accordance ) ?is      
section1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+        
,commission %all review & am5d its      
guidel9es & its policy /atem5ts         
applicable to p]sons eligible =         
probation to ensure t ! guidel9es &     
policy /atem5ts are consi/5t ) !        
am5dm5ts made by section #eja4  7b7     
,consid]ations ,9 c>ry+ out ?is section1
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+ ,commission    

%all consid]-- 7#a7 ! m&ate ( ! ,unit$  
,/ates ,s5t5c+ ,commission1 "u section  
#iid7;g7 ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates     
,code1 to =mulate ! s5t5c+ guidel9es 9  
su* a way z to m9imize ! likelihood t ! 
,f$]al prison population w exce$ !      
capacity ( ! ,f$]al prisons2  7#b7 !    
fiscal implications ( any am5dm5ts2     
7#c7 relevant public safety conc]ns & ! 
/atutory s5t5c+ factors "u section #ceec
 ( title #ah2 &  7#d7 ! int5t (         
,congress t prison be res]v$ = s]i\s    
(f5d]s = :om prison is mo/ appropriate4 
#ejd4 ,e/abli%+ acc\ntability           
evid5ce-bas$ problem-solv+ c\rt programs
  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,"p ,,ii ( title #ah1    
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ 
aft] *apt] #bjg ! foll[+3  #bjg;,a      
,problem-,solv+ ,c\rt ,programs  ,sec4  
#caeg4 ,e/abli%m5t ( problem-solv+ c\rt 
programs4 #caeh4 ,evaluation (          
problem-solv+ c\rt programs4 #caei4     
,def9itions4  #caeg4 ,e/abli%m5t (      
problem-solv+ c\rt programs  7a7 ,9     
g5]al ,a ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt may 

e/abli% a problem-solv+ c\rt program 9  
its di/rict4  7b7 ,use ( rese>*-,bas$   
pr9ciples & practices ,! ,director ( !  
,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,c\rts %all ensure t all ,f$]al c\rts h 
available to !m curr5t in=mation &      
rese>* relat+ to be/ practices = r$uc+  
p>ticipant recidivism ?r\gh             
problem-solv+ c\rt programs4  7c7       
,in=mation %>+ among c\rts ,! ,unit$    
,/ates ,s5t5c+ ,commission1 pursuant to 
its au?ority "u section                 
#iie7;a77#ab77;,a7 ( title #bh to s]ve z
 a cle>+h\se & in=mation c5t]1 %all     
provide a website :]e ,unit$ ,/ates     
,di/rict ,c\rt problem-solv+ c\rt       
programs may po/ & %>e rese>*1 docum5ts1
 be/ practices1 & o!r in=mation ) ea*   
o!r & ! public4  7d7 ,be/ practices ,!  
,director ( ! ,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts %all ensure all    
,f$]al c\rts adh]e to ! foll[+ be/      
practices3  7#a7 ,focus problem-solv+   
c\rt program res\rces on (f5d]s fac+    
prison t]ms to ensure t a problem-solv+ 

c\rt program functions to div]t t (f5d] 
f inc>c]ation & ensures t ! p5alty =    
noncompliance ) ! program does n exce$  
:at w\ld h ! orig9al p5alty or s5t5ce = 
! (f5se4  7#b7 ,adopt objective         
admission crit]ia4  7#c7 ,use ! pre-plea
 r ?an ! po/-plea model4  7#d7 ,ensure  
due process protections4  7#e7          
,incorporate evid5ce-bas$ heal?         
measures1 n simply ab/95ce1 into        
sub/ance abuse problem-solv+ c\rt       
program goals to ensure t ! und]ly+     
heal? issue is address$ in/ead ( m]ely  
be+ puni%$4  7#f7 ,improve ov]all       
treatm5t quality & employ opioid        
ma9t5ance treatm5ts = sub/ance abuse    
problem-solv+ c\rt programs z well z o!r
 evid5ce-bas$ !rapies4  #caeh4          
,evaluation ( problem-solv+ c\rt        
programs ,! ,judicial ,conf]5ce %all    
ensure t ea* ,f$]al problem-solv+ c\rt  
program1 n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date (
 its comm5cem5t ( op]ations1 adopts a   
plan to measure its success 9 r$uc+     
recidivism & co/s4  #caei4 ,def9itions  

,9 ?is *apt]-- 7#a7 ! t]m problem-solv+ 
c\rt program means a judge-involv$      
int5sive int]v5tion1 sup]vision1 &      
acc\ntability process 9 :i* a def5dant  
p>ticipates1 ei!r be=e conviction1      
s5t5c+1 or o!r disposition or ^u be+    
s5t5c$ to a t]m ( probation or ^u       
release f a s5t5ce ( inc>c]ation1 t may 
include sub/ance abuse1 m5tal heal?1    
employm5t1 & vet]ans' programs2 &  7#b7 
! t]m problem-solv+ c\rt program        
coord9ator means an exi/+ employee ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts :o is responsible =
 coord9at+ ! e/abli%m5t1 /aff+1         
op]ation1 evaluation1 & integrity ( !   
problem-solv+ c\rt program4  4  7b7     
,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( *apt]s = "p 
,,ii ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1  
is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] ! item relat+ to
 *apt] #bjg ! foll[+ new item3          
#bjg;,a4,problem-solv+ c\rt             
programs#caeg  4  ,,vi ,implem5t+       
,evid5ce-,bas$ ,practices to ,r$uce     
,recidivism  ,a ,revision ( ,/atutory   
,s5t5ce ,cr$its  #fja4 ,deliv]y &       

inc5tives to complete 9-prison          
recidivism r$uction programm+  7a7 ,9   
g5]al ,section #cfba7;e7 ( title #ah1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ to read z 
foll[s3  7e7 ,9-,prison programm+  7#a7 
,9-prison programm+ ,9 ord] to c>ry out 
! requirem5t ( subsection 7b7 t e       
prison] ) a sub/ance abuse problem h !  
opportunity to p>ticipate 9 appropriate 
sub/ance abuse treatm5t1 & to address ! 
crim9og5ic ne$s ( ,f$]al (f5d]s m       
g5]ally1 ! ,director ( ! ,bureau (      
,prisons %all1 subject to ! availability
 ( appropriations--  7,a7 provide       
resid5tial sub/ance abuse treatm5t = all
 eligible (f5d]s1 ) priority = su*      
treatm5t accord$ bas$ on eligible       
prison]s' proximity to release date2    
7,b7 provide cognitive-bas$ !rapy = all 
eligible (f5d]s2  7,c7 provide work=ce  
developm5t ?r\gh p>ticipation 9 ! ,f$]al
 ,prison ,indu/ries2 &  7,d7 provide    
vocational & occupational tra9+4  7#b7  
,inc5tives = prison]'s successful       
completion ( programm+  7,a7 ,any       

prison] :o 9 ! judgm5t ( ! ,director ( !
 ,bureau ( ,prisons has successfully    
complet$ a program ( resid5tial sub/ance
 abuse treatm5t or cognitive behavioral 
!rapy provid$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 ( ?is    
subsection %all be eligible = a r$uction
 ( inc>c]ation by up to "o ye>4  7,b7   
,any prison] :o1 9 ! judgm5t ( !        
,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons1 has   
complet$ at lea/ #cj days ( "w = ,f$]al 
,prison ,indu/ries or vocational &      
occupational tra9+ %all be eligible to h
 ! total p]iod ( inc>c]ation r$uc$ by up
 to ! total numb] ( days ( "w = ,f$]al  
,prison ,indu/ries or vocational &      
occupational tra9+1 b n to exce$ "o ye>4
  7#c7 ,re/rictions on r$uctions 9 !    
p]iod ( cu/ody ,r$uctions 9 ! p]iod (   
inc>c]ation e>n$ "u p>agraph 7#b7 ( ?is 
subsection %all n exce$ "o ye>4  4  7b7 
,correspond+ am5dm5ts to exi/+ law      
,section #cfbd7;a7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$  
,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by /rik+ z       
provid$ 9 subsection 7b7 & ins]t+ z     
provid$ 9 subsection 7b7 & section      

#cfba7;e7 & section #cfba;,a7d77#c74    
7c7 ,transition ,! am5dm5ts made by ?is 
section %all take effect on ! date n    
lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t
 ( ?is section4  #fjb4 ,po/-s5t5c+ risk 
& ne$s assessm5t sy/em & 9-prison       
recidivism r$uction programm+  7a7      
,developm5t ( sy/em  7#a7 ,g5]ally ,n   
lat] ?an "o ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t
 ( ?is section1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all 
develop an (f5d] risk & ne$s assessm5t  
sy/em1 :i* %all--  7,a7 assess & det]m9e
 ! crim9og5ic ne$s & risk factors ( all 
admitt$ (f5d]s2  7,b7 be us$ to assign  
ea* prison] to appropriate recidivism   
r$uction programs or productive         
activities bas$ on ! prison]'s specific 
crim9og5ic ne$s & risk factors2 &  7,c7 
9 accordance ) section #cfba;,a7d7 7#a7 
& 7#b7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1
 docum5t eligible prison]s' requir$     
recidivism r$uction programs or         
productive activities 9 a case plan & _!
 progress 9 complet+ ! elem5ts ( t case 
plan4  7#b7 ,rese>* & be/ practices ,9  

design+ ! (f5d] risk & ne$s assessm5t   
sy/em1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all use      
available rese>* & be/ practices 9 !    
field & consult ) academic & o!r crim9al
 ju/ice exp]ts z appropriate4  7#c7     
,risk & ne$s assessm5t tool ,9 c>ry+ out
 ?is subsection1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all
 prescribe a suitable intake assessm5t  
tool to be us$ 9 c>ry+ out subp>agraphs 
7,a7 & 7,b7 ( p>agraph 7#a71 & suitable 
proc$ures to complete ! docum5tation    
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,c7 ( p>agraph  
7#a74 ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all ensure t 
! assessm5t tool produces consi/5t      
results :5 adm9i/]$ by diff]5t p1 9     
recognition ( ! ne$ to ensure int]rat]  
reliability4  7#d7 ,validation ,9 c>ry+ 
out ?is subsection1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al  
%all /ati/ically validate ! assessm5t   
tool on ! ,f$]al prison population n    
lat] ?an #b ye>s aft] ! date ( !        
enactm5t ( ?is subsection4  7b7 ,use (  
risk & ne$s assessm5t sy/em by bureau ( 
prisons ,sub*apt] ,c ( *apt] #bbi (     
title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$

 by ins]t+ aft] section #cfba ! foll[+3 
#cfba;,a4 ,po/-s5t5c+ risk & ne$s       
assessm5t sy/em  7a7 ,assignm5t (       
recidivism r$uction programs or         
productive activities ,9 recognition t  
"s activities or excessive programm+ may
 be c\nt]productive = "s prison]s1 !    
,attorney ,g5]al may provide guidance to
 ! ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons on !
 quality & quantity ( recidivism        
r$uction programm+ or productive        
activities t are bo? appropriate &      
effective = ea* prison]4  7b7 ,bureau ( 
prisons tra9+ ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all  
develop protocols & programs = ,bureau (
 ,prisons p]sonnel responsible = us+ !  
,po/-,s5t5c+ ,risk & ,ne$s ,assessm5t   
,sy/em 7h]e9aft] 9 ! section ref]r$ to z
 ! ,assessm5t ,sy/em7 creat$ "u ! ,,safe
 ,ju/ice ,act4 ,su* tra9+ protocols %all
 include a requirem5t t su* p]sonnel    
demon/rate compet5ce 9 adm9i/]+ !       
assessm5t tool1 includ+ int]rat]        
reliability1 on a biannual basis4  7c7  
,quality assurance ,9 ord] to ensure t !

 ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons is us+
 ! ,assessm5t ,sy/em 9 an appropriate & 
consi/5t mann]1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 !   
,gov]nm5t ,acc\ntability ,(fice1 & !    
,(fice ( ! ,inspector ,g5]al %all       
monitor & assess ! use ( ! ,assessm5t   
,sy/em & %all conduct sep>ate &         
indep5d5t p]iodic audits ( ! use ( !    
,assessm5t ,sy/em at ,bureau ( ,prisons 
facilities4  7d7 ,evid5ce-,bas$         
assessm5t sy/em & recidivism r$uction   
programm+  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,director ( 
! ,bureau ( ,prisons %all develop a case
 plan t t>gets ! crim9og5ic ne$s & risk 
factors ( ea* eligible prison]--  7,a7  
to guide ! prison]'s rehabilitation :ile
 inc>c]at$2 &  7,b7 to r$uce !          
likelihood ( recidivism aft] release4   
7#b7 ,case plans  7,a7 ,cont5t ,n lat]  
?an #cj days aft] a prison]'s initial   
admission1 ! ,director ( ! ,bureau (    
,prisons %all complete a case plan = t  
prison]4 ,! plan %all--  7i7 include    
programm+ & treatm5t requirem5ts bas$ on
 ! prison]'s id5tifi$ crim9og5ic ne$s & 

risk factors1 z det]m9$ by ! ,assessm5t 
,sy/em2  7ii7 ensure t a prison] ^:     
crim9og5ic ne$s & risk factors d n      
w>rant recidivism r$uction programm+    
p>ticipates 9 & successfully complies ) 
productive activities1 includ+ prison   
jobs2 &  7iii7 ensure t ea* eligible    
prison] p>ticipates 9 & successfully    
complies ) recidivism r$uction programm+
 or productive activities1 includ+      
prison jobs1 ?r\gh\t ! entire t]m (     
inc>c]ation ( ! prison]4  7,b7 ,"t      
con/ra9ts ,! ,director ( ! ,bureau (    
,prisons %all ensure t ! requirem5ts set
 =? 9 ! case plan are feasible &        
a*ievable prior to ! prison]'s release  
eligibility date4  7,c7 ,notice to      
prison] ,! ,director ( ! ,bureau (      
,prisons %all-- 7i7 provide ! prison] ) 
a writt5 copy ( ! case plan & require ! 
prison]'s case manag] to expla9 !       
conditions set =? 9 ! case plan & !     
inc5tives = successful compliance ) !   
case plan2 &  7ii7 review ! case plan ) 
! prison] once e #f mon?s aft] ! prison]

 receives ! case plan to assess !       
prison]'s progress t[>d successful      
compliance ) ! case plan & any ne$ or   
eligibility = additional or diff]5t     
programs or activities4  7#c7 ,inc5tive 
= prison]'s successful compliance ) case
 plan requirem5ts  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,except
 z provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,c71 !        
,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons %all1 9
 addition to any o!r cr$it or r$uction a
 prison] receives "u any o!r provision (
 law1 aw>d e>n$ "t cr$it t[>d s]vice ( !
 prison]'s s5t5ce ( #aj days = ea*      
cal5d> mon? ( successful compliance ) ! 
prison]'s case plan4 ,a prison] :o is   
deta9$ be=e s5t5c+ %all e>n cr$it =     
p>ticipat+ 9 programs or activities dur+
 t p]iod "u ?is p>agraph4 ,! total "t   
cr$its t a prison] may e>n "u ?is       
p>agraph %all n exce$ #abj days = any   
ye> ( imprisonm5t4 ,a prison] may       
receive cr$it at ! end ( ea* ye> ( !    
s5t5ce be+ s]v$1 beg9n+ at ! end ( !    
fir/ ye> ( ! s5t5ce4 ,= purposes ( ?is  
section1 ! fir/ ye> ( ! s5t5ce %all beg9

 on ! date ! s5t5ce comm5c$ "u section  
#cehe7;a7 less any cr$it = prior cu/ody 
"u section #cehe7;b74 ,any cr$its aw>d$ 
"u ?is section %all ve/ on ! date !     
prison] is releas$ f cu/ody4  7,b7      
,availability ,an eligible prison] may  
receive "u subp>agraph 7,a7 cr$it =     
successful compliance ) case plan       
requirem5ts = p>ticipat+ 9 programs or  
activities be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is 
,act if ! ,director ( ! ,bureau (       
,prisons det]m9es t su* programs or     
activities 7 ! same or equival5t to ^?  
creat$ pursuant to ?is section be=e !   
date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is subsection4     
7,c7 ,exclusions ,no cr$it %all be aw>d$
 "u ?is p>agraph to any prison] s]v+ a  
s5t5ce ( imprisonm5t = conviction = any 
( ! foll[+ (f5ses3  7i7 ,a ,f$]al       
conviction = homicide 9 :i* ! prison] 0 
prov5 beyond a reasonable d\bt to h _h !
 int5t to cause dea? & dea? result$4    
7ii7 ,a ,f$]al crime ( t]rorism1 z def9$
 "u section #bccb;b7g77#e74  7iii7 ,a   
,f$]al sex (f5se1 z describ$ 9 section  

#aaa ( ! ,sex ,(f5d] ,regi/ration &     
,notification ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4       
#afiaa74  7,d7 ,p>ticipation by         
ineligible prison]s ,! ,director ( !    
,bureau ( ,prisons %all make all        
reasonable ef=ts to ensure t e prison]  
p>ticipates 9 recidivism r$uction       
programm+ or productive activities1     
includ+ a prison] :o is exclud$ f e>n+  
"t cr$its4  7,e7 ,o!r inc5tives ,!      
,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons %all   
develop policies to provide appropriate 
inc5tives = successful compliance ) case
 plan requirem5ts1 9 addition to ! e>n$ 
"t cr$it describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a71   
includ+ inc5tives = prison]s :o are     
preclud$ f e>n+ cr$it "u subp>agraph    
7,c74 ,su* inc5tives may include        
additional commiss>y1 telephone1 or     
visitation privileges = use ) family1   
close fri5ds1 m5tors1 & religi\s lead]s4
  7,f7 ,p5alties ,! ,director ( !       
,bureau ( ,prisons %all am5d its ,inmate
 ,discipl9e ,program to r$uce cr$its    
previ\sly e>n$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 =    

prison]s :o violate ! rules ( !         
in/itution 9 :i* ! prison] is imprison$1
 a recidivism r$uction program1 or a    
productive activity1 :i* %all provide-- 
7i7 levels ( violations & correspond+   
p5alties1 :i* may include loss ( e>n$ "t
 cr$its2  7ii7 t any loss ( e>n$ "t     
cr$its %all n apply to future e>n$ "t   
cr$its t ! prison] may e>n subsequ5t to 
a rule violation2 &  7iii7 a proc$ure to
 re/ore e>n$ "t cr$its t 7 lo/ z a      
result ( a rule violation bas$ on !     
prison]'s individual progress aft] !    
date ( ! rule violation4  7#d7          
,recidivism r$uction programm+ &        
productive activities ,beg9n+ n lat] ?an
 "o ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( !    
,,safe ,ju/ice ,act1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al 
%all1 subject to ! availability (       
appropriations1 make available to all   
eligible prison]s appropriate recidivism
 r$uction programm+ or productive       
activities1 includ+ prison jobs4 ,!     
,attorney ,g5]al may provide su*        
programm+ & activities by ent]+ into    

p>tn]%ips ) any ( ! foll[+3  7,a7       
,nonpr(it organizations1 includ+        
fai?-bas$ & community-bas$ organizations
 t provide recidivism r$uction          
programm+1 on a paid or volunte] basis4 
7,b7 ,educational in/itutions t w deliv]
 academic classes 9 ,bureau ( ,prisons  
facilities1 on a paid or volunte] basis4
  7,c7 ,private entities t w1 on a paid 
or volunte] basis-- 7i7 deliv]          
occupational & vocational tra9+ &       
c]tifications 9 ,bureau ( ,prisons      
facilities2  7ii7 provide equipm5t to   
facilitate occupational & vocational    
tra9+ or employm5t opportunities =      
prison]s2  7iii7 employ prison]s2 or    
7iv7 assi/ prison]s 9 pr]elease cu/ody  
or sup]vis$ release 9 f9d+ employm5t4   
7e7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is section ! foll[+ 
def9itions apply3 7#a7 ,case plan ,! t]m
 case plan means an individualiz$1      
docum5t$ acc\ntability & behavior *ange 
/rategy develop$ by ! ,director ( !     
,bureau ( ,prisons to prep>e (f5d]s =   
release & successful re5try into !      

community4 ,! case plan %all focus on ! 
(f5d]'s crim9og5ic ne$s & risk factors t
 are associat$ ) ! risk ( recidivism4   
7#b7 ,crim9og5ic ne$s & risk factors ,! 
t]m crim9og5ic ne$s & risk factors means
 *>act]i/ics & behaviors t are associat$
 ) ! risk ( committ+ crimes & t :5      
address$ ?r\gh evid5ce-bas$ programm+   
are dim9i%$4 ,^! factors include b are n
 limit$ to--  7,a7 crim9al ?9k+2  7,b7  
crim9al associates2  7,c7 antisocial    
behavior & p]sonality2  7,d7            
dysfunctional family2  7,e7 l[ levels ( 
employm5t2  7,f7 l[ levels ( education2 
7,g7 sub/ance abuse2  7,h7 m5tal heal?  
issues or cognitive deficits2 &  7,i7   
poor use ( leisure "t4  7#c7 ,dynamic   
risk factor ,! t]m dynamic risk factor  
means a *>act]i/ic or attribute t has   
be5 %[n to be associat$ ) risk (        
recidivism & t c be modifi$ bas$ on a   
prison]'s actions1 behaviors1 or        
motives1 includ+ ?r\gh completion (     
appropriate programm+ or o!r means 9 a  
prison sett+4  7#d7 ,eligible prison] ,!

 t]m eligible prison] means-- 7,a7 a    
prison] s]v+ a s5t5ce ( inc>c]ation =   
conviction ( a ,f$]al (f5se2 b  7,b7    
does n include any prison] :o ! ,bureau 
( ,prisons det]m9es-- 7i7 w\ld pres5t a 
dang] to himself or o!rs if p]mitt$ to  
p>ticipate 9 recidivism r$uction        
programm+2 or  7ii7 is s]v+ a s5t5ce (  
inc>c]ation ( less ?an #a mon?4  7#e7   
,productive activity ,! t]m productive  
activity means a gr\p or individual     
activity1 includ+ hold+ a job z "p ( a  
prison "w program1 t is design$ to all[ 
prison]s ^: crim9og5ic ne$s & risk      
factors d n w>rant recidivism r$uction  
programm+4  7#f7 ,recidivism r$uction   
program ,! t]m recidivism r$uction      
program means a gr\p or individual      
activity t-- 7,a7 is ( a k9d t has be5  
%[n empirically to r$uce recidivism or  
promote successful re5try2 &  7,b7 may  
include-- 7i7 sub/ance abuse treatm5t2  
7ii7 classes on social le>n+ & life     
skills2  7iii7 classes on morals or     
e?ics2  7iv7 academic classes2  7v7     

cognitive behavioral treatm5t2  7vi7    
m5tor+2  7vii7 occupational & vocational
 tra9+2  7viii7 fai?-bas$ classes or    
s]vices2 &  7ix7 victim-impact classes  
or re/orative ju/ice programs4  7#g7    
,recidivism risk ,! t]m recidivism risk 
means ! likelihood t a prison] w commit 
additional crimes = :i* ! prison] c\ld  
be prosecut$ 9 a ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local
 c\rt 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7#h7 ,recov]y 
programm+ ,! t]m recov]y programm+ means
 a c\rse ( in/ruction or activities t   
has be5 demon/rat$ to r$uce sub/ance    
abuse or dep5d5ce among p>ticipants1 or 
to promote recov]y among individuals :o 
h sub/ance abuse issues4  7#i7 ,release 
eligibility date ,! t]m release         
eligibility date means ! e>lie/ date at 
:i* ! (f5d] c\ld be releas$ aft] accru+ 
! maximum numb] ( e>n$ "t cr$its = :i* !
 (f5d] is eligible4  7#aj7 ,successful  
compliance ,! t]m successful compliance 
means t ! p]son 9 *>ge ( ! ,bureau (    
,prisons p5al or correctional facility  
or t p]son's designee has det]m9$ t !   

eligible prison]1 to ! ext5t            
practicable1 & excus+ any m$ical or     
c\rt-relat$ abs5ces satisfi$ ! foll[+   
requirem5ts = n less ?an #cj days3  7,a7
 ,regul>ly att5d$ & actively p>ticipat$ 
9 appropriate recidivism r$uction       
programs or productive activities1 z set
 =? 9 ! eligible prison]'s case plan4   
7,b7 ,did n regul>ly engage 9 disruptive
 activity t s]i\sly und]m9$ !           
adm9i/ration ( a recidivism r$uction    
program or productive activity4  7#aa7  
,e>n$ "t cr$its ,! t]m e>n$ "t cr$its   
means cr$it t[>d s]vice ( ! prison]'s   
s5t5ce z describ$ 9 subsection 7d77#c74 
4  7c7 ,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table (      
sections at ! beg9n+ ( sub*apt] ,c (    
*apt] #bbi ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates   
,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] ! item   
relat+ to section #cfba ! foll[+3       
#cfba;,a4 ,po/-s5t5c+ risk & ne$s       
assessm5t sy/em4  4  ,b ,de-escalation  
,tra9+ & ,improv+ ,community ,relations 
#fjc4 ,de-escalation tra9+  7a7 ,9 g5]al
 ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( !     

enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al 
%all1 9 consultation ) ! ,sub/ance      
,abuse & ,m5tal ,heal? ,s]vices         
,adm9i/ration1 & subject to !           
availability ( appropriations1 provide  
to crim9al ju/ice ag5cies specializ$ &  
compreh5sive tra9+ 9 proc$ures to avoid 
racial & e?nic pr(il+1 de-escalate      
enc\nt]s betwe5 law en=cem5t or         
corrections (fic]s & civilians1 inmates1
 or deta9ees1 & to id5tify &            
appropriately respond to incid5ts 9 :i* 
! unique ne$s ( individuals :o h a m5tal
 illness or cognitive deficit are       
involv$1 & improve police-community     
relations4  7b7 ,def9ition ( crim9al    
ju/ice ag5cies ,9 ?is section ! t]m     
crim9al ju/ice ag5cies include-- 7#a7   
,f$]al corrections ag5cies & any        
contractors c>ry+ out corrections       
functions2  7#b7 ,f$]al law en=cem5t    
ag5cies1 includ+ ,f$]al prosecutors2 &  
7#c7 o!r ,f$]al crim9al ju/ice ag5cies t
 ! ,attorney ,g5]al deems appropriate4  
,c ,ov]sight ( ,m5tal ,heal? & ,sub/ance

 ,abuse ,treatm5t  #fjd4 ,au?oriz+      
grants to ,/ates = ! use (              
m$ication-assi/$ treatm5t = h]o91       
opioid1 or alcohol abuse 9 resid5tial   
sub/ance abuse treatm5t  7a7 ,9 g5]al   
,section #aijd ( ! ,omnibus ,crime      
,control & ,safe ,/reets ,act ( #aifh   
7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #cgif;ff-#c7 is am5d$--  
7#a7 9 subsection 7d71 by /rik+         
ph>macological treatm5t & ins]t+        
ph>macological treatm5t or m$ication    
assi/$ treatm5t n subject to div]sion2 &
  7#b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7e7  
,def9itions ,9 ?is section-- 7#a7 ! t]m 
m$ication assi/$ treatm5t means ! use ( 
m$ications approv$ by ! ,food & ,drug   
,adm9i/ration1 9 comb9ation ) c\nsel+ or
 behavioral !rapies1 to treat h]o91     
opioid1 or alcohol addiction2 &  7#b7 ! 
t]m opioid means any *emical t b9ds to  
an opioid receptor & resembles opiates 9
 its ph>macological effects4  4  7b7    
,report on m$ication assi/$ treatm5t =  
opioid & h]o9 abuse pilot program ,!    
,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons %all   

submit )9 #ij days ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act
 to ! ,committees on ! ,judici>y &      
,appropriations ( ! ,s5ate & ! ,h\se (  
,repres5tatives a report & evaluation ( 
! curr5t pilot program )9 ! ,bureau (   
,prisons to treat h]o9 & opioid abuse   
?r\gh m$ication assi/$ treatm5t4 ,!     
report %all include a description (     
plans to exp& access to m$ication assi/$
 treatm5t = h]o9 & opioid abuse = ,f$]al
 prison]s 9 appropriate cases4  7c7     
,report on ! availability ( m$ication   
assi/$ treatm5t = opioid & h]o9 abuse   
,)9 #ij days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( 
?is ,act1 ! ,director ( ! ,adm9i/rative 
,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts %all    
submit a report to ! ,committees on !   
,judici>y & ,appropriations ( ! ,s5ate &
 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives assess+ !    
availability ( & capacity = ! provision 
( m$ication assi/$ treatm5t = opioid &  
h]o9 abuse among treatm5t-s]vice        
provid]s s]v+ ,f$]al (f5d]s "u sup]vis$ 
release & includ+ a description ( plans 
to exp& access to m$ication assi/$      

treatm5t t is n subject to div]sion =   
h]o9 & opioid abuse :5ev] appropriate   
among ,f$]al (f5d]s "u sup]vis$ release4
  #fje4 ,p]=mance-bas$ contract+ =      
resid5tial re5try c5t]s  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,!
 ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons %all--
 7#a7 revise its policies & proc$ures   
relat$ to contract+ ) provid]s (        
,resid5tial ,re5try ,c5t]s to--  7,a7   
meet ! /&>ds ( p]=mance-bas$ contract+2 
&  7,b7 include1 among ! /&>ds (        
p]=mance--  7i7 a r$uction 9 !          
recidivism rate ( (f5d]s transf]r$ to ! 
,resid5tial ,re5try ,c5t]2 &  7ii7 an   
annual evaluation ( ^! outcomes2  7#b7  
require t new or r5ew$ contracts )      
provid]s ( ,resid5tial ,re5try ,c5t]s   
meet ! /&>ds ( p]=mance-bas$ contract+2 
7#c7 review exi/+ contracts ) provid]s (
 ,resid5tial ,re5try ,c5t]s prior to    
r5ewal & update z necess>y to reflect ! 
/&>ds ( p]=mance-bas$ contract+2 &  7#d7
 ensure p]=mance-bas$ contracts are     
actively manag$ to meet ! /&>ds (       
p]=mance-bas$ contract+4  7b7           

,exceptions ,9 ^? cases :]e x w\ld n be 
co/ effective to use p]=mance-bas$      
contract+ /&>ds1 ! ,director ( ! ,bureau
 ( ,prisons %all provide an explanation 
= ?is det]m9ation to ! ,attorney ,g5]al1
 :o may exempt a contract f !           
requirem5ts outl9$ 9 subsection 7a77#b74
 ,ea* exemption mu/ be approv$ 9 writ+  
by ! ,attorney ,g5]al be=e ! ,director (
 ! ,bureau ( ,prisons ent]s into !      
contract4  7c7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is       
section ! foll[+ def9itions apply3 7#a7 
,p]=mance-bas$ contract+ ,! t]m         
p]=mance-bas$ contracts means contracts 
t accompli% ! foll[+3  7,a7 ,id5tify    
expect$ deliv]ables1 p]=mance measures1 
or outcomes2 & r5d] paym5t cont+5t ^u ! 
successful deliv]y ( ^? expect$         
deliv]ables1 p]=mance measures or       
outcomes4  7,b7 ,include a quality      
assurance plan t describes h[ !         
contractor's p]=mance w be measur$ aga9/
 ! expect$ deliv]ables1 p]=mance        
measures1 or outcomes4  7,c7 ,include   
positive & negative inc5tives ti$ to !  

quality assurance plan measurem5ts4     
7#b7 ,recidivism rate ,! t]m recidivism 
rate ref]s to ! numb] & p]c5tage (      
(f5d]s :o are arre/$ = a new crime or   
commit a te*nical violation ( ! t]ms (  
sup]vision t results 9 revocation to    
prison dur+ ! p]iod 9 :i* ! (f5d] is 9 !
 ,resid5tial ,re5try ,c5t]4  7#c7       
,resid5tial re5try c5t]s ,! t]m         
,resid5tial ,re5try ,c5t]s means        
privately run c5t]s :i* provide h\s+ to 
,f$]al prison]s :o are ne>+ release4    
7d7 ,deadl9e = c>ry+ out section ,!     
,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons %all   
complete initial compliance ) !         
requirem5ts ( ?is section n lat] ?an #a 
ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4
  7e7 ,evaluation ,n lat] ?an #b ye>s   
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 !  
,gov]nm5t ,acc\ntability ,(fice & ,(fice
 ( ! ,inspector ,g5]al ( ! ,dep>tm5t (  
,ju/ice %all ea* issue a report on !    
progress made by ! ,director ( ! ,bureau
 ( ,prisons 9 implem5t+ ?is section4  ,d
 ,implem5t+ ,swift1 ,c]ta91 &           

,proportionate ,sanctions = ,violations 
( ,conditions ( ,probation or ,sup]vis$ 
,release  #fjf4 ,graduat$ sanction+     
sy/em  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #a ye>  
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is section1 
! ,unit$ ,/ates ,probation & ,pretrial  
,s]vices & ! ,crim9al ,law ,committee ( 
! ,judicial ,conf]5ce %all develop a    
/&>diz$ graduat$ sanction+ sy/em        
7h]e9aft] 9 ?is section ref]r$ to z !   
sy/em71 to guide probation (fic]s 9     
det]m9+ suitable sanctions 9 response to
 te*nical violations ( sup]vision4 ,!   
,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+ ,commission %all  
publi% ^! factors & am5d its guidel9es &
 policy /atem5ts s t !y are consi/5t4 ,!
 sy/em %all--  7#a7 provide a range (   
possible sanctions1 f less sev]e to m   
sev]e2 &  7#b7 all[ (fic]s to respond   
quickly to te*nical violations (        
sup]vision4  7b7 ,developm5t ( graduat$ 
sanction+ sy/em ,9 design+ ! graduat$   
sanction+ sy/em1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates        
,probation & ,pretrial ,s]vices & !     
,crim9al ,law ,committee ( ! ,judicial  

,conf]5ce %all use available rese>* &   
be/ evid5ce-bas$ practices 9 ! field1 & 
%all consult ) o!r /akehold]s1 includ+  
curr5t trial attorneys f ! ,dep>tm5t (  
,ju/ice & a ,f$]al ,public or ,community
 ,def5d] f ! ,def5d] ,s]vices ,advisory 
,gr\p4  7c7 ,cont5t ( graduat$ sanction+
 sy/em  7#a7 ,graduat$ sanctions may    
include-- 7,a7 v]bal w>n+s2  7,b7       
increas$ report+ requirem5ts2  7,c7     
curfew requirem5ts2  7,d7 electronic    
monitor+2  7,e7 increas$ sub/ance abuse 
te/+ or treatm5t2  7,f7 m5tal heal?     
c\nsel+ or treatm5t2  7,g7 behavioral   
!rapy or ang] managem5t2  7,h7 community
 s]vice2 &  7,i7 loss ( e>n$ dis*>ge    
cr$its pursuant to section #cfaj4  7#b7 
,9 det]m9+ appropriate sanctions1 !     
,unit$ ,/ates ,probation & ,pretrial    
,s]vices & ! ,crim9al ,law ,committee ( 
! ,judicial ,committee %all consid]--   
7,a7 ! sev]ity ( ! curr5t violation2    
7,b7 ! numb] & sev]ity ( previ\s        
sup]vision violations2  7,c7 !          
rehabilitative options available2 &     

7,d7 ! co/s ( inc>c]ation4  7d7         
,probation & pretrial s]vices tra9+ ,!  
,crim9al ,law ,committee ( ! ,judicial  
,conf]5ce & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,probation &
 ,pretrial ,s]vices1 9 consultation ) ! 
,f$]al ,judicial ,c5t]1 %all develop    
tra9+ protocols = /aff responsible =    
recomm5d+ graduat$ sanctions & =        
c\rt-appo9t$ c\nsel1 :i* %all include-- 
7#a7 initial tra9+ to educate /aff &    
judges on h[ to use ! graduat$ sanction+
 sy/em1 z well z an ov]view ( ! relevant
 rese>* reg>d+ sup]vision practices %[n 
to r$uce recidivism & improve (f5d]     
outcomes2  7#b7 cont9u+ education2 &    
7#c7 p]iodic tra9+ updates4  7e7        
,cont9u\s quality improvem5t ,9 ord] to 
ensure t ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,probation &   
,pretrial ,s]vices is us+ graduat$      
sanctions 9 an appropriate & consi/5t   
mann]1 ! ,judicial ,conf]5ce 9          
consultation & coord9ation ) ! ,*ief    
,judge ( ea* ,f$]al ,di/rict ,c\rt      
%all--  7#a7 e/abli% p]=mance b5*m>ks & 
p]=mance assessm5ts = probation (fic]s1 

probation sup]visors1 & probation &     
pretrial s]vices2 &  7#b7 e/abli%       
additional cont9u\s quality improvem5t  
proc$ures relat$ to ! implem5tation &   
use ( graduat$ sanctions t include1 b   
are n limit$ to1 data collection1       
monitor+1 p]iodic audits1 probation     
(fic] & sup]visor p]=mance assessm5ts1 &
 corrective action measures4  #fjg4     
,graduat$ responses to te*nical         
violations ( sup]vision  7a7 ,9 g5]al   
,sub*apt] ,a ( *apt] #bbi ( title #ah1  
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ 
aft] section #cfjh ! foll[+3  #cfji4    
,graduat$ responses to te*nical         
violations ( sup]vision  7a7 ,9 g5]al   
,if a c\rt det]m9es t a te*nical        
violation ( sup]vision w>rants an       
alt]native to arre/ or inc>c]ation1 !   
c\rt may modify ! t]ms ( sup]vision by  
impos+ a graduat$ sanction z an         
alt]native to revocation4  7b7          
,recomm5dation & imposition ( graduat$  
sanctions ,a probation (fic] 9 recomm5d+
 an appropriate sanction1 & a c\rt 9    

det]m9+ an appropriate sanction1 %all   
use ! graduat$ sanction+ sy/em e/abli%$ 
pursuant to ! ,,safe ,ju/ice ,act4 ,!   
proc$ure = ! imposition ( graduat$      
sanctions %all include ! foll[+3  7#a7  
,notice ( graduat$ sanctions ,^u det]m9+
 t a te*nical violation ( sup]vision    
w>rants an alt]native to arre/ or       
inc>c]ation1 a probation (fic]1 ) !     
concurr5ce ( t (fic]'s probation        
sup]visor1 %all s]ve on ! sup]visee a   
,notice ( ,graduat$ ,sanctions1 :i* %all
 include--  7,a7 a description ( !      
violation ( sup]vision2  7,b7 an        
appropriate graduat$ sanction or        
sanctions to be impos$1 z det]m9$ "u !  
graduat$ sanction+ sy/em2  7,c7 an      
inquiry :e!r ! sup]visee wi%es to waive 
! sup]visee's "r to a revocation or     
modification proce$+ "u ! ,f$]al ,rules 
( ,crim9al ,proc$ure2 &  7,d7 notice ( !
 sup]visee's "r to reta9 c\nsel or to   
reque/ t c\nsel be appo9t$ if !         
sup]visee _c af=d to reta9 c\nsel to    
consult ) legal c\nsel be=e agree+ to   

admit to ! alleg$ violation4  7#b7      
,c\nsel %all be appo9t$ = any f9ancially
 eligible p]son4  7#c7 ,effect (        
sup]visee elections aft] notice ,if !   
sup]visee agrees to waive ! "r to a     
revocation or modification he>+1 agrees 
9 writ+ to submit to ! graduat$ sanction
 or sanctions z set =? 9 ! ,notice (    
,graduat$ ,sanctions1 & admits to !     
alleg$ violation ( sup]vision1 !        
specifi$ sanction %all imm$iately be    
impos$4 ,if ! sup]visee does n agree to 
waive ! "r to ! revocation or           
modification he>+1 does n agree to      
submit to ! specifi$ sanction or        
sanctions1 does n admit to ! alleg$     
violation1 or if ! sup]visee fails to   
complete ! graduat$ sanction or         
sanctions to ! satisfaction ( !         
probation (fic] & t (fic]'s sup]visor1  
!n ! probation (fic] may comm5ce        
sup]vision revocation or modification   
proce$+s4  7c7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is       
section3 7#a7 ,crim9og5ic risk & ne$s   
factors ,! t]m crim9al risk & ne$s      

factors means ! *>act]i/ics & behaviors 
t are associat$ ) ! risk ( committ+     
crimes &1 t :5 address$ ) evid5ce-bas$  
programm+ are dim9i%$4  7#b7            
,evid5ce-bas$ practices ,! t]m          
evid5ce-bas$ practices means policies1  
proc$ures1 & practices t sci5tific      
rese>* demon/rates r$uce recidivism4    
7#c7 ,graduat$ sanctions ,! t]m graduat$
 sanctions means an acc\ntability-bas$1 
graduat$ s]ies ( sanctions applicable to
 sup]visees to hold su* sup]visees      
acc\ntable = _! actions by provid+      
appropriate & proportional sanctions =  
ea* violation ( sup]vision4  7#d7       
,sanction+ grid ,! t]m sanction+ grid   
means a li/ ( graduat$ responses = use 9
 respond+ to sup]visee behavior t       
violates a condition or conditions (    
sup]vision1 ) responses rang+ f less    
re/rictive to m re/rictive bas$ on !    
s]i\sness ( ! violation & ! numb] &     
sev]ity ( prior violations4  7#e7       
,nonte*nical violation ,! t]m           
nonte*nical violation means a new       

crim9al conviction = a crime committ$   
:ile an (f5d] is on sup]vision4  7#f7   
,te*nical violation ,! t]m te*nical     
violation means conduct by a p]son on   
sup]vision t violates a condition or    
conditions ( sup]vision1 includ+ a new  
arre/ = a crime alleg$ly committ$ :ile  
on sup]vision or crim9al *>ges t h be5  
fil$ b n yet result$ 9 a conviction4 ,! 
t]m te*nical violation does n include a 
conviction = a crime committ$ :ile !    
p]son 0 on sup]vision4  7#g7 ,probation 
(fic] ,! t]m probation (fic] means an   
employee ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,probation & 
,pretrial ,s]vices :o is directly       
responsible = sup]vis+ individual       
sup]visees4  7#h7 ,probation sup]visor  
,! t]m probation sup]visor means an     
employee ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,probation & 
,pretrial ,s]vices :o is directly       
responsible = ov]see+ probation (fic]s4 
7#i7 ,sup]visee ,! t]m sup]visee means  
an individual :o is curr5tly "u         
sup]vision4  7#aj7 ,sup]vision ,! t]m   
sup]vision means sup]vision dur+ a t]m (

 probation or sup]vis$ release4  4  7b7 
,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( sections =  
sub*apt] ,a ( *apt] #bbi ( title #ah1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ 
aft] ! item relat+ to section #cfjh !   
foll[+ new item3  #cfji4 ,graduat$      
responses to te*nical violations (      
sup]vision4  4  7c7 ,con=m+ am5dm5ts    
7#a7 ,m&atory conditions ( probation    
,section #cefc7;a7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$  
,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by /rik+ &
 at ! end ( p>agraph 7#h72  7,b7 by     
/rik+ ! p]iod at ! end ( p>agraph 7#i7 &
 ins]t+ 2 &2 &  7,c7 by add+ aft]       
p>agraph 7#i7 ! foll[+3  7#aj7 = a      
felony or misdemeanor1 t ! c\rt may     
modify ! t]m ( probation by impos+ a    
graduat$ sanction if ! probation] has   
waiv$ ! "r to a he>+ "u ! ,f$]al ,rules 
( ,crim9al ,proc$ure4  4  7#b7 ,m&atory 
conditions ( sup]vis$ release ,section  
#cehc7;d7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates    
,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] ,,dna    
,analysis ,backlog ,elim9ation ,act (   
#bjjj4 ! foll[+3 ,! c\rt may modify !   

t]m ( sup]vis$ release by impos+ a      
graduat$ sanction if ! def5dant has     
waiv$ ! "r to a he>+ "u ! ,f$]al ,rules 
( ,crim9al ,proc$ure44  7#c7 ,duties (  
probation (fic]s ,section #cfjc ( title 
#ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$--    
7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#b7 by /rik+ to !      
degree requir$ by ! conditions specifi$ 
by ! s5t5c+ c\rt & ins]t+ to ! degree   
requir$ by section #cfji & ! conditions 
specifi$ by ! s5t5c+ c\rt2 &  7,b7 9    
p>agraph 7#c7 by /rik+ use all suitable 
me?ods1 n inconsi/5t ) ! conditions     
specifi$ by ! c\rt & ins]t+ use a sy/em 
( graduat$ sanctions & inc5tives design$
 to det] & respond imm$iately to        
violations ( sup]vision conditions1 n   
inconsi/5t ) ! conditions specifi$ by ! 
c\rt4  7d7 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts  
made by ?is section take effect #a ye>  
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4    
#fjh4 ,t>get$ & proportional p5alties = 
revocation ( probation  7a7 ,p5alties = 
nonte*nical violations ( probation      
,subsection 7a7 ( section #cefe ( title 

#ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ to   
read z foll[s3  7a7 ,cont9uation or     
revocation = nonte*nical violations (   
probation ,if ! def5dant commits a      
nonte*nical violation prior to !        
expiration or t]m9ation ( ! t]m (       
probation1 ! c\rt may1 aft] a he>+      
pursuant to ! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,crim9al  
,proc$ure1 & aft] consid]+ ! factors set
 =? 9 section #ceec7;a7 to ! ext5t t !y 
are applicable--  7#a7 cont9ue !        
def5dant on probation = ! rema9+        
duration ( ! t]m ( probation1 ) ! option
 to modify or impose additional         
conditions2 or  7#b7 revoke ! s5t5ce (  
probation & res5t5ce ! def5dant "u      
sub*apt] ,a4  4  7b7 ,p5alties =        
te*nical violations ( probation ,section
 #cefe ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1
 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3    
7d7 ,cont9uation or revocation =        
te*nical violations ( probation ,if !   
def5dant commits a te*nical violation   
prior to ! expiration or t]m9ation ( !  
t]m ( probation1 ! c\rt may1 aft] a he>+

 pursuant to ! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,crim9al 
,proc$ure1 & aft] consid]+ ! factors set
 =? 9 section #ceec7;a7 to ! ext5t t !y 
are applicable--  7#a7 cont9ue !        
def5dant on probation = ! rema9+        
duration ( ! orig9al t]m ( probation1 ) 
! option to modify or impose additional 
conditions2 or  7#b7 revoke ! s5t5ce (  
probation & impose a p]iod ( imprisonm5t
 n to exce$ #fj days1 :i* c be s]v$ 9 "o
 t]m ( conf9em5t or int]mitt5t conf9em5t
 7cu/ody = int]vals ( "t7 9 jail1       
prison1 community conf9em5t1 or home    
det5tion 9 ord] n to disrupt employm5t  
or o!r community obligations4  4  #fji4 
,t>get$ & proportional p5alties =       
violations ( sup]vis$ release  7a7      
,p5alties = nonte*nical violations (    
sup]vis$ release ,section #cehc ( title 
#ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$--    
7#a7 9 subsection 7e71 by am5d+ p>agraph
 7#c7 to read z foll[s3  7#c7 revoke !  
t]m ( sup]vis$ release & require !      
def5dant to s]ve 9 prison all or "p ( ! 
t]m ( sup]vis$ release au?oriz$ by      

/atute = any or all (f5ses t result$ 9 !
 t]m ( sup]vis$ release1 )\t any cr$it  
e>n$ t[>d dis*>ge "u section #cfaj1 if !
 c\rt1 pursuant to ! ,f$]al ,rules (    
,crim9al ,proc$ure applicable to        
revocation ( probation or sup]vis$      
release1 f9ds by a prepond]ance ( !     
evid5ce t ! def5dant violat$ a condition
 ( release1 except t a def5dant ^: t]m  
is revok$ "u ?is p>agraph may n be      
requir$ to s]ve on any su* revocation m 
?an #e ye>s 9 prison if ! (f5se t       
result$ 9 ! t]m ( sup]vis$ release is a 
class ,a felony1 m ?an #c ye>s 9 prison 
if su* (f5se is a class ,b felony1 m ?an
 #b ye>s 9 prison if su* (f5se is a     
class ,c or ,d felony1 or m ?an "o ye> 9
 any o!r case2 or  2 &  7#b7 by add+ at 
! end ! foll[+3  7m7 ,cont9uation or    
revocation = nonte*nical violations (   
sup]vis$ release ,if ! def5dant commits 
a nonte*nical violation ( sup]vis$      
release prior to ! expiration or        
t]m9ation ( ! t]m ( sup]vis$ release1 ! 
c\rt may1 aft] a he>+ "u ! provisions ( 

! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,crim9al ,proc$ure1 & 
aft] consid]+ ! factors set =? 9 section
 #ceec7;a7--  7#a7 cont9ue ! def5dant on
 sup]vis$ release = ! rema9+ duration ( 
! orig9al t]m ( sup]vis$ release1 ) !   
option to modify or impose additional   
conditions2 or  7#b7 revoke ! t]m (     
sup]vis$ release & require ! def5dant to
 s]ve 9 prison all or "p ( ! t]m (      
sup]vis$ release au?oriz$ by /atute =   
any or all ! (f5ses t result$ 9 ! t]m ( 
sup]vis$ release1 )\t any cr$it e>n$    
t[>d dis*>ge "u section #cfaj4  4  7b7  
,p5alties = te*nical violations (       
sup]vis$ release ,section #cehc is am5d$
 by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7l7 ! foll[+3
  7m7 ,cont9uation or revocation =      
te*nical violations ( sup]vis$ release  
,if ! def5dant commits a te*nical       
violation ( sup]vis$ release prior to ! 
expiration or t]m9ation ( ! t]m (       
sup]vis$ release1 ! c\rt may1 aft]      
opportunity = a he>+ "u ! ,f$]al ,rules 
( ,crim9al ,proc$ure & aft] consid]+ !  
factors set =? 9 section #ceec7;a7--    

7#a7 cont9ue ! def5dant on sup]vis$     
release = ! rema9+ duration ( ! t]m (   
probation1 ) ! option to modify or      
impose additional conditions2 or  7#b7  
revoke ! t]m ( sup]vis$ release & impose
 a p]iod ( imprisonm5t n to exce$ #fj   
days1 :i* c be s]v$ 9 "o t]m ( conf9em5t
 or int]mitt5t conf9em5t 7cu/ody =      
int]vals ( "t7 9 jail1 prison1 community
 commitm5t1 or home det5tion 9 ord] n to
 disrupt employm5t or o!r community     
obligations4  4  ,e ,focus ,sup]vision  
,res\rces on ,high-,risk ,(f5d]s  #faj4 
,e>n$ dis*>ge cr$its = compliant        
sup]visees  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,title #ah1    
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ 
aft] section #cfji 7z add$ by section   
#ebb7;a77 ! foll[+3  #cfaj4 ,inc5tiviz+ 
compliance ) sup]vision conditions  7a7 
,9 g5]al ,a probation (fic] %all h !    
au?ority to aw>d positive re9=cem5ts = a
 def5dant :o is 9 compliance ) ! t]ms & 
conditions ( sup]vision4 ,^! positive   
re9=cem5ts may include--  7#a7 v]bal    
recognition2  7#b7 r$uc$ report+        

requirem5ts2 &  7#c7 cr$its e>n$ t[>d   
dis*>ge :i* %all be aw>d$ pursuant to   
subsection 7b74  7b7 ,cr$its = e>n$     
dis*>ge ,sup]visees %all be eligible to 
e>n dis*>ge cr$its = comply+ ) ! t]ms & 
conditions ( sup]vision4 ,^! cr$its1    
once e>n$1 %all r$uce ! p]iod (         
sup]vision4  7#a7 ,det]m9ation ( aw>d ,!
 probation (fic] %all aw>d #cj days (   
e>n$ dis*>ge cr$its = ea* cal5d> mon? 9 
:i* ! (f5d] is 9 compliance ) ! t]ms &  
conditions ( sup]vision4 ,if ! (f5d]    
commits a violation ( sup]vision dur+ ! 
mon?1 cr$its %all n be aw>d$ = t mon?4  
7#b7 ,dis*>ge f sup]vision ,once !      
comb9ation ( "t s]v$ on sup]vision &    
e>n$ dis*>ge cr$its satisfies ! total   
p]iod ( sup]vision1 ^u motion ( any p>ty
 or ^u ! c\rt's own motion1 ! c\rt %all 
t]m9ate ! p]iod ( sup]vision4 ,!        
probation (fic] %all notify ! p>ties & !
 c\rt 9 writ+ at lea/ #fj days prior to 
! t]m9ation ( sup]vision4 ,! #fj-;day   
p]iod %all include ! accrual ( all e>n$ 
dis*>ge cr$its to t po9t4  7c7          

,def9itions ,9 ?is section3 7#a7        
,probation (fic] ,! t]m probation (fic] 
means an employee ( ,probation &        
,pretrial ,s]vices :o is directly       
responsible = sup]vis+ individual       
sup]visees4  7#b7 ,sup]visee ,! t]m     
sup]visee has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9      
section #cfji4  7#c7 ,sup]vision ,! t]m 
sup]vision has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9     
section #cfji4  7#d7 ,t]m9ation (       
sup]vision ,! t]m t]m9ation ( sup]vision
 means dis*>ge f sup]vision at or prior 
to ! expiration ( ! s5t5ce impos$ by !  
c\rt4  7#e7 ,t]ms & conditions (        
sup]vision ,! t]m t]ms & conditions (   
sup]vision means ^? requirem5ts set by !
 c\rt4  7#f7 ,violation ( sup]vision ,! 
t]m violation ( sup]vision means conduct
 by a p]son on sup]vision t violates a  
condition ( sup]vision4  4  7b7 ,cl]ical
 am5dm5t ,! table ( sections at ! beg9n+
 ( sub*apt] ,a ( *apt] #bbi ( title #ah1
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+
 aft] ! item relat+ to section #cfji 7z 
add$ by section #ebb7;b77 ! foll[+ new  

item3  #cfaj4 ,inc5tiviz+ compliance )  
sup]vision conditions4  4  7c7          
,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by ?is 
section take effect #a ye> aft] ! date (
 ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4  #faa4          
,elim9ation ( m&atory revocation = m9or 
drug violations  7a7 ,remov+            
sub/ance-,relat$ violations z gr\nds =  
m&atory revocation ( sup]vis$ release   
,section #cehc7;g7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$  
,/ates ,code1 is am5d$--  7#a7 9 ! flu% 
text foll[+ p>agraph 7#d71 by /rik+     
require ! def5dant to s]ve a t]m (      
imprisonm5t n to exce$ ! maximum t]m (  
imprisonm5t au?oriz$ by subsection      
7e77#c7 & ins]t+ require ! def5dant to  
s]ve a t]m ( imprisonm5t n to exce$ #fj 
days unless o!rwise au?oriz$ "u         
subsection 7l7 or 7m72  7#b7 by /rik+   
p>agraphs 7#a7 & 7#d72  7#c7 by r5umb]+ 
p>agraph 7#b7 z p>agraph 7#a71 &        
p>agraph 7#c7 z p>agraph 7#b72  7#d7 by 
ins]t+ or at ! end ( p>agraph 7#b72 &   
7#e7 by /rik+ or at ! end ( p>agraph    
7#c74  7b7 ,remov+ sub/ance-,relat$     

violations z gr\nds = m&atory revocation
 ( probation ,section #cefe7;b7 ( title 
#ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$--    
7#a7 9 ! flu% text foll[+ p>agraph 7#d71
 by /rik+ revoke ! s5t5ce ( probation & 
res5t5ce ! def5dant "u sub*apt] ,a to a 
s5t5ce t includes a t]m ( imprisonm5t & 
ins]t+ revoke ! s5t5ce ( probation &    
require ! def5dant to s]ve a t]m (      
imprisonm5t n to exce$ #fj days unless  
o!rwise au?oriz$ "u subsection 7a7 or   
7d72  7#b7 by /rik+ p>agraphs 7#a7 &    
7#d72  7#c7 by r5umb]+ p>agraph 7#b7 z  
p>agraph 7#a71 & p>agraph 7#c7 z        
p>agraph 7#b72  7#d7 by ins]t+ or at !  
end ( p>agraph 7#a72 &  7#e7 by /rik+ or
 at ! end ( p>agraph 7#b74  ,f ,maximiz+
 ,public ,safety ,returns on            
,corrections ,doll>s  #fab4             
,cl>ification or orig9al congressional  
int5t reg>d+ calculation ( good "t      
conduct cr$it  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,section    
#cfbd7;b7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates    
,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 s t p>agraph 7#a7
 reads z foll[s3  7#a7 ,subject to      

p>agraph 7#b7 & 9 addition to ! "t      
actually s]v$ by ! prison] & any cr$it  
provid$ to ! prison] "u any o!r         
provision ( law1 a prison] :o is s]v+ a 
t]m ( imprisonm5t ( m ?an #a ye>1 o!r   
?an a t]m ( imprisonm5t = ! duration ( !
 prison]'s life1 %all receive cr$it     
comput$ "u ?is p>agraph t[>d t prison]'s
 t]m ( imprisonm5t4 ,! cr$it "u ?is     
p>agraph is comput$ beg9n+ on ! date on 
:i* ! s5t5ce ( ! prison] comm5ces1 at ! 
rate ( #ed days p] ye> ( ! s5t5ce impos$
 by ! c\rt1 if ! ,director ( ! ,bureau (
 ,prisons det]m9es t ! prison] has      
display$ exempl>y compliance )          
in/itutional discipl9>y regulations4  2 
&  7#b7 by /rik+ p>agraphs 7#c7 & 7#d7 &
 ins]t+ ! foll[+3  7#c7 ,?is subsection 
applies to all prison]s s]v+ a t]m (    
imprisonm5t = (f5ses committ$ on or aft]
 ,novemb] #a1 #aihg4 ,) respect to a    
prison] s]v+ a t]m ( imprisonm5t on !   
date ( ! enactm5t ( ! ,,safe ,ju/ice    
,act1 ?is subsection %all apply to !    
entirety ( ! s5t5ce impos$ on ! prison]1

 includ+ "t already s]v$4  7#d7 ,a      
prison] may n be aw>d$ cr$it "u ?is     
subsection t w\ld cause ! prison] to be 
eligible = release e>li] ?an ! "t !     
prison] already has s]v$4  4  7b7       
,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by     
subsection 7a7 take effect #ij days aft]
 ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4  #fac4 
,analysis ( fiscal implications =       
inclusion 9 pres5t5ce reports  7a7      
,factors ,to be consid]$ 9 impos+ a     
s5t5ce ,section #ceec7;a77#c7 ( title   
#ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by   
/rik+ ! semicolon & ins]t+ & ! av]age   
annual fiscal co/ ( ea*24  7b7          
,pres5t5ce reports ,section #ceeb7;a7 ( 
title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$
 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ ,!           
appropriate (ficials ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,probation & ,pretrial ,s]vices %all    
provide in=mation on ! av]age annual co/
 ( ! k9ds ( s5t5ces available z "p ( !  
,pres5t5ce ,inve/igation ,report4 ,= !  
purposes ( ?is subsection ! av]age      
annual co/ ( inc>c]ation is ! figure p] 

fiscal ye> z publi%$ by ! ,director ( ! 
,bureau ( ,prisons4 ,! av]age annual    
fiscal co/s ( alt]natives to inc>c]ation
 = t judicial di/rict %all be compil$ by
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,probation & ,pretrial 
,s]vices44  7c7 ,directive to ! s5t5c+  
commission ,pursuant to its au?ority "u 
section #iid7p7 ( title #bh1 ,unit$     
,/ates ,code1 & 9 accordance ) ?is      
section1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+        
,commission %all am5d its guidel9es &   
its policy /atem5ts to ensure t !       
guidel9es & policy /atem5ts are consi/5t
 ) ! am5dm5ts made by ?is section &     
reflect ! int5t ( ,congress t an        
analysis ( fiscal implications be       
includ$ 9 pres5t5ce reports & consid]$ 9
 ! imposition ( appropriate s5t5ces4    
7d7 ,directive to ! judicial conf]5ce   
,pursuant to its au?ority "u section    
#ccd ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 &
 9 accordance ) ?is section1 ! ,judicial
 ,conf]5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all       
propose an am5dm5t to ! ,f$]al ,rules ( 
,crim9al ,proc$ure consi/5t ) ! am5dm5ts

 made by ?is section to reflect ! int5t 
( ,congress t an analysis ( fiscal      
implications %all be includ$ 9 pres5t5ce
 reports & consid]$ 9 ! imposition (    
appropriate s5t5ces4  #fad4 ,support+   
safe law en=cem5t  7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress 
f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,mo/ law en=cem5t   
(fic]s walk into risky situations &     
enc\nt] trag$y on a regul> basis4 ,"s1  
su* z ! police :o respond$ to ! c>nage (
 ! ,s&y ,hook ,elem5t>y ,s*ool1 witness 
horror t /ays ) !m = ! re/ ( _! lives4  
,o!rs are physically injur$ 9 c>ry+ out 
_! duties1 sometimes ne$lessly1 ?r\gh   
mi/akes made 9 high /ress situations4 ,!
 rec5t notable dea?s ( (fic]s are />k   
rem9d]s ( ! risk (fic]s face4 ,z a      
result1 physical1 m5tal1 & emotional    
injuries plague _m law en=cem5t ag5cies4
 ,h[ev]1 a l>ge proportion ( (fic]      
injuries & dea?s are n ! result (       
int]action ) (f5d]s b ! outcome ( poor  
physical heal? due to poor nutrition1   
lack ( ex]cise1 sleep deprivation1 &    
sub/ance abuse4 ,yet ^! causes are (t5  

ov]look$ or giv5 scant att5tion4 ,_m o!r
 injuries & fatalities are ! result (   
vehicul> accid5ts4 ,! wellness & safety 
( law en=cem5t (fic]s is critical n only
 to !mselves1 _! colleagues1 & _!       
ag5cies1 b also to public safety4  7#b7 
,(fic] suicide is also a problem4       
,police di$ f suicide #b4d times z (t5 z
 f homicides4 ,& ?\gh depression result+
 f traumatic exp]i5ces is (t5 ! cause1  
r\t9e "w & life /ressors--s]v+ ho/ile   
communities1 work+ long %ifts1 lack (   
family or dep>tm5tal support--are       
frequ5t motivators too4  7#c7 ,accord+  
to e/imates ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,bureau ( 
,labor ,/ati/ics1 m ?an #ajj1jjj law    
en=cem5t pr(essionals are injur$ 9 ! l9e
 ( duty ea* ye>4 ,_m are ! result (     
assaults1 :i* und]scores ! ne$ = body   
armor1 b mo/ are due to vehicul>        
accid5ts4  7b7 ,au?oriz$ uses ,funds    
obligat$1 b subsequ5tly unsp5t &        
deobligat$1 may rema9 available1 to !   
ext5t provid$ 9 appropriations ,acts1 = 
use z specifi$ "u ?is section 9 ensu+   

fiscal ye>s4 ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all   
take all practicable /eps to use su*    
funds z soon z practicable to c>ry out  
programs t are consi/5t ) ! purposes (  
?is ,act4 ,su* programs include--  7#a7 
a national ,blue ,al]t w>n+ sy/em to    
enli/ ! help ( ! public 9 f9d+ suspects 
aft] a law en=cem5t (fic] is kill$ 9 !  
l9e ( duty2  7#b7 c\nsel+ & support     
s]vices = family memb]s ( law en=cem5t  
(fic]s :o are kill$ 9 ! l9e ( duty2     
7#c7 national toll-free m5tal heal?     
hotl9e specifically = law en=cem5t      
(fic]s1 :i* is bo? anonym\s & pe]-driv5 
& has ! ability & res\rces to ref] !    
call] to pr(essional help if ne$$2  7#d7
 cont9u+ rese>* 9 ! efficacy &          
implem5tation ( an annual fitness1      
resili5ce1 nutrition1 & m5tal heal?     
*eck1 9 recognition t _m heal? problems 
afflict+ law en=cem5t (fic]s1 notably   
c>diac issues1 are cumulative2  7#e7    
exp&+ ,f$]al p5sion plans & inc5tiviz+  
,/ate & local p5sion plans to recognize 
fitness = duty exams z def9itive evid5ce

 ( valid duty or nonduty relat$         
disability 9 recognition ( ! fact t     
(fic]s injur$ 9 ! l9e ( duty are (t5    
caught 9 limbo1 )\t pay1 unable to "w b 
also unable to obta9 b5efits because    
fitness = duty exams are n recogniz$ z  
valid pro( ( disability & because !y _c 
receive ,social ,security2  7#f7        
implem5t+ rese>*-bas$ f9d+s into ! numb]
 ( h\rs an (fic] %\ld "w consecutively &
 9 total )9 a #bd-dh h\r p]iod1 includ+ 
special f9d+s on ! maximum numb] ( h\rs 
an (fic] %\ld "w 9 a high-risk or       
high-/ress environm5t 7e4g4 public      
demon/rations or em]g5cy situations7 by 
implem5t+ ^? f9d+s f$]ally & provid+    
inc5tives = ,/ate & local law en=cem5t  
to d ! same2  7#g7 provid+ individual   
tactical fir/-aid kits t conta9         
t\rniquets1 an ,olaes modul> b&age1 &   
,quick,clot gauze1 & tra9+ 9 hemorrhage 
control to e law en=cem5t (fic] on !    
,f$]al level & provid+ inc5tives = ,/ate
 & local en=cem5t ag5cies to d s2  7#h7 
provid+ antiballi/ic ve/s & body armor  

to e law en=cem5t (fic] on ! ,f$]al     
level1 & provid+ inc5tives = ,/ate &    
local law en=cem5t ag5cies to d s2  7#i7
 rese>*+ & provid+ tra9+1 includ+       
protocols = use & consequ5ces ( misuse1 
prior to provid+ oleores9 capsicum      
7,,oc7 spray--commonly call$ pepp]      
spray--to e correctional work] 9 m$ium1 
high1 & maximum security ,f$]al prisons 
z well z ,f$]al ,m$ical ,c5t]s1 ,f$]al  
,det5tion ,c5t]s1 & jail units op]at$ by
 ! ,bureau ( ,prisons & in/itut+ a tra9+
 program to educate work]s on h[ to use 
! spray responsibly & effectively =     
self-def5se purposes only1 & provid+    
inc5tives = ,/ate & law en=cem5t ag5cies
 to d s2  7#aj7 requir+ ! ,director ( ! 
,bureau ( ,prisons to ensure t ea* *ief 
executive (fic] ( a ,f$]al p5al or      
correctional in/itution provides a      
secure /orage area locat$ outside !     
secure p]imet] ( ! in/itution =         
employees to /ore fire>ms1 or all[+     
employees to /ore fire>ms 9 a vehicle   
lockbox approv$ by ! ,director ( !      

,bureau ( ,prisons2  7#aa7 rese>*+ &_/or
 develop+ ! design specifications or    
modifications = body-worn cam]as ) !    
input ( ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & local law      
en=cem5t lead]s & provid+ ! devices or  
fund+ to pur*ase ! device & fund+ =     
relat$ co/s to implem5tation & /orage   
co/s to e ,f$]al law en=cem5t &         
correctional ag5cy & ,/ate & local      
(fic]1 9 recognition ( ! fact t ^!      
devices r$uce unw>rant$ compla9ts aga9/ 
(fic]s :ile also v9dicat+ civilians :o h
 be5 mi/reat$2  7#ab7 rese>*+1 develop+1
 & provid+ be/ practices = ,f$]al1      
,/ate1 & local law en=cem5t on !        
acquisition1 use1 ret5tion1 &           
dissem9ation ( auditory1 visual1 &      
biometric data f law en=cem5t 9 a       
con/itutional mann] & 9 light ( privacy 
conc]ns1 9 consultation ) ! ,bureau (   
,ju/ice ,assi/ance1 civil rights & civil
 lib]ties organizations1 z well z law   
en=cem5t rese>* gr\ps & o!r exp]ts2     
7#ac7 hir+ ( social work]s by ! ,bureau 
( ,prisons & provid+ inc5tives = ,/ate &

 local gov]nm5ts to d s because social  
work]s are uniquely qualifi$ to address 
! release prep>ation ne$s ( ag+ inmates1
 su* z aft]c>e plann+ & ensur+ cont9uity
 ( m$ical c>e2  7#ad7 provid+ fund+ &   
tra9+ f$]ally & to ,/ate & local law    
en=cem5t ag5cies on community-bas$      
polic+ pr9ciples to repair & rebuild    
tru/ & collaborative relation%ips2      
7#ae7 provid+ fund+ to ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & 
local law en=cem5t ag5cies to elim9ate !
 ,,dna backlog1 9 recognition t repeat1 
viol5t (f5d]s1 9 p>ticul> sex (f5d]s1   
w\ld be id5tifi$ & prev5t$ f committ+   
additional crimes2  7#af7 implem5t+     
reque/$ & recomm5d$ m5tal heal?         
treatm5ts to ,f$]al law en=cem5t &      
correctional (fic]s & provid+ inc5tives 
to ,/ate & local law en=cem5t &         
corrections ag5cies to d ! same2  7#ag7 
provid+ inc5tives & support s]vices to  
,/ate & local law en=cem5t ag5cies to   
enhance ! report+ to & usage ( !        
,national ,incid5t-,bas$ ,report+       
,sy/em1 :i* collects data on ea* s+le   

incid5t & arre/ )9 #bb (f5se categories 
made up ( #df specific crimes t are !   
major ones fac+ law en=cem5t today1     
includ+ t]rorism1 :ite coll> crime1     
weapons (f5ses1 miss+ *ildr5 9 :i*      
crim9ality is involv$1 drug (f5ses1 hate
 crimes1 sp\sal_/*ild_/eld] abuse1 gang 
crimes1 organiz$ crime1 sexual          
exploitation1 ,,dui & alcohol-relat$    
(f5ses2  7#ah7 provid+ m$ication-assi/$ 
treatm5t = individuals /ruggl+ ) h]o91  
opioid1 or alcohol abuse 9 resid5tial   
sub/ance abuse treatm5t programs &      
provid+ fund+ to ,/ate & local gov]nm5ts
 to d s2  7#ai7 provid+ fund+ to ,/ate &
 local gov]nm5ts & law en=cem5t ag5cies 
to implem5t ! ,attorney ,g5]al's be/    
practices on in=mation & res\rce p>ity &
 innoc5ce protection1 includ+ %>+ !     
toolkits ref]5c$ 9 section #cje ( ?is   
,act to r$uce ! likelihood ( wrongful   
convictions1 op5 file discov]y          
practices1 evid5ce pres]vation1 tra9+ on
 int]rogation to avoid co]cive tactics t
 lead to false or unreliable            

confessions1 tra9+ on int]view+         
witnesses to avoid sugge/ive tactics t  
lead to false or unreliable             
id5tifications1 & tra9+ on !            
cross-racial misid5tification           
probability2  7#bj7 inve/+ 9 rese>* &   
tra9+ 9 nonle?al tools ( polic+ t       
provide a great] range ( law en=cem5t   
response1 includ+ to de-escalate        
situations & r$uce deadly uses ( =ce2   
7#ba7 inve/+ 9 rese>* & tra9+ 9 implicit
 bias = local1 ,/ate1 & ,f$]al law      
en=cem5t p]sonnel & develop+            
compreh5sive /rategies to recognize &   
r$uce incid5ces ( implicit bias2  7#bb7 
inve/+ 9 evid5ce-bas$ programs to assi/ 
communities 9 develop+ compreh5sive     
responses to y\? viol5ce ?r\gh coord9at$
 prev5tion & int]v5tion initiatives2    
7#bc7 hir+ social work]s1 psy*ologi/s1  
psy*iatri/s1 !rapi/s1 & c\nselors =     
,f$]al prisons & provid+ fund+ to ,/ate 
& local gov]nm5ts to d ! same z !y are  
uniquely qualifi$ to address ! release  
prep>ation ne$s ( inmates2  7#bd7       

provid+ fund+ to ,/ate & local law      
en=cem5t ag5cies to provide inc5tives = 
(fic]s ) und]graduate & graduate        
degrees2  7#be7 provid+ additional fund+
 to ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & local gov]nm5t     
ag5cies to provide compet5t & effective 
c\nsel = p]sons f9ancially unable to    
obta9 legal repres5tation2  7#bf7       
provid+ additional fund+ = ! grant      
program e/abli%$ by ! ,second ,*ance    
,act 7,public ,law #aaj-aii7 to prev5t  
recidivism & improve public safety2     
7#bg7 provid+ fund+ = ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 &  
local law en=cem5t lead]s to att5d !    
,,fbi ,national ,academy to %>e be/     
practices & support national coh]5ce on 
important polic+ issues 9 ?is ev]-*ang+ 
field2  7#bh7 crime-r$uc+ education     
grants1 ,f$]al pretrial div]sion        
programs1 ,f$]al problem-solv+ c\rts1 ! 
elim9ation ( m&atory m9imums 9 ! ,f$]al 
law1 & ! ,innoc5ce ,protection ,act (   
#bjjd2 &  7#bi7 provid+ fund+ = a       
competitive #e-ye> grant to a nationally
 recogniz$1 nonp>tisan1 sci5tifically   

s\nd1 rese>* organization1 ) an advisory
 bo>d compris$ ( local1 ,/ate1 & ,f$]al 
law en=cem5t lead]s1 & subject matt]    
exp]ts1 to create a national            
nonpunitive1 =w>d-focus$ pe] review1    
tra9+1 & improvem5t c5t] ) ! goal (     
improv$ safety outcomes = (fic]s &      
civilians t w\ld--  7,a7 e/abli% a      
critical incid5t review me*anism1 simil>
 to ^? us$ 9 m$ic9e & aviation1 z a     
compreh5sive1 protective1 & accurate way
 ( exam9+ ! circum/ances surr\nd+ an    
incid5t to accurately id5tify problems  
on a sy/emic level to r$uce ! numb] &   
types ( problems1 to improve polic+     
outcomes1 ref9e policies & practices1 & 
build ^u mean+ful conv]sations & rese>* 
to develop :at improvem5ts ) coop]ation 
( ! law en=cem5t ag5cies involv$2  7,b7 
e/abli% a data input =m & infra/ructure 
( a ne> miss database & = e polic+      
incid5t 9 :i* an (fic] or civilian life 
is lo/ or sub/antial =ce is us$ to      
review k ga9$ f pa/ trag$ies 9 ord] to  
dissem9ate x to prev5t future ones & to 

enc\rage new le>n+ & su/a9able1         
/akehold]-driv5 *ange2  7,c7 /udy1      
recomm5d1 & e/abli% an (fic]-involv$    
%oot+ database = use :5 fire>ms h be5   
us$ aga9/ law en=cem5t (fic]s & :]e     
(fic]s h us$ fire>ms aga9/ civilians to 
review k ga9$ f pa/ trag$ies to di/+ui% 
betwe5 actual risk v]sus p]ceiv$ risk on
 ! "p ( ! civilian or (fic] & to develop
 be/ practices2  7,d7 advance tra9+1    
te*nical assi/ance & k reg>d+ m5tal     
heal? issues t occur )9 ! crim9al ju/ice
 sy/em1 includ+ provid+ tra9+ & fund+ = 
de-escalation te*niques1 coord9ation    
among gov]nm5t ag5cies1 in=mation-%>+1  
div]sion initiatives1 jail & prison     
/rategies1 e/abli%m5t ( le>n+ sites1    
suicide prev5tion1 & assi/ance &        
infra/ructure = calls = s]vice & law    
en=cem5t triage capabilities2  7,e7     
/udy1 inve/ 91 & apply polic+ rese>*    
tools t develop =eca/s bas$ ^u evolv+   
te*nology1 social movem5ts1 environm5tal
 *anges1 economic factors1 & political  
ev5ts2 &  7,f7 educate & facilitate !   

advance ( evid5ce-bas$ polic+ to        
enc\rage use ( ! be/ available sci5tific
 evid5ce to control crime & disord] &   
enhance (fic] safety & wellness4  7c7   
,funds ,to supplem5t1 n supplant1 exi/+ 
funds ,funds disburs$ pursuant to ?is   
section %all n be us$ to supplant exi/+ 
,/ate or local funds utiliz$ = ^!       
purposes1 b r to supplem5t !m4  7d7     
,acc\nt+ ,e ye>1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice  
%all provide an acc\nt+ ( ! reprogramm$ 
funds to ensure t ! funds are disburs$ &
 exp5d$ 9 a mann] to maximize public    
safety & make ne$$ improvem5ts to !     
crim9al ju/ice sy/em4 ,! ,attorney      
,g5]al %all report ! f9d+s to !         
,judici>y1 ,ov]sight1 & sub/antive      
congressional committees4  ,,vii        
,increas+ ,gov]nm5t ,transp>5cy &       
,accuracy  #gja4 ,report on m&atory     
m9imums ,n lat] ?an "o ye> aft] ! date (
 ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,gov]nm5t     
,acc\ntability ,(fice 7,,gao71 9        
coord9ation ) ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 %all  
provide a report to ,congress li/+ all  

exi/+ m&atory m9imum p5alties 9 =ce1    
includ+ brief summ>ies ( ! conduct      
prohibit$ by ea* & h[ frequ5tly !       
m&atory m9imum is impos$4  #gjb4 ,f$]al 
def5d] add$ z a nonvot+ memb] ( !       
,s5t5c+ ,commission  7a7 ,9 g5]al       
,subsection 7a7 ( section #iia ( title  
#bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$--    
7#a7 by /rik+ "o nonvot+ memb]4 at ! end
 ( ! fir/ s5t5ce & ins]t+ two nonvot+   
memb]s42 &  7#b7 by ins]t+ be=e ! la/   
s5t5ce ! foll[+3 ,a ,f$]al public or    
community def5d] designat$ by !         
,judicial ,conf]5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ) 
! advice ( ! ,def5d] ,s]vices ,advisory 
,gr\p %all be a nonvot+ memb] ( !       
,commission44  7b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5t ,!   
f9al s5t5ce ( section #bce7;b77#e7 ( !  
,compreh5sive ,crime ,control ,act (    
#aihd 7#ah ,u4,s4,c4 #ceea note7 is     
am5d$ by /rik+ n9e memb]s1 includ+ two  
ex (ficio1 nonvot+ memb]s & ins]t+ t5   
memb]s1 includ+ ?ree nonvot+ memb]s4    
#gjc4 ,budget & inmate population impact
 ( legislation on ! ,f$]al corrections  

sy/em  7a7 ,impact analysis  7#a7 ,:5   
requir$ ,^u reque/ by ! *air or rank+   
memb] ( ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y (   
ei!r ! ,s5ate or ! ,h\se (              
,repres5tatives ) respect to legislation
 ref]r$ to t committee t am5ds s5t5c+ or
 corrections policy or creates a new    
crim9al p5alty1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all1
 be=e ! f9al committee vote on ord]+ !  
legislation report$1 provide ! reque/+  
p>ty an impact analysis4  7#b7 ,cont5ts 
,! impact analysis %all conta9-- 7,a7 an
 e/imate ( ! ,f$]al budget>y impact ( ! 
legislation1 bo? ov]all & brok5 d[n by  
ea* ag5cy affect$ 9 ! executive &       
judicial bran*es2 &  7,b7 an e/imate ( !
 legislation's #aj-ye> prison b$ impact 
on ,f$]al facilities4  7b7 ,am5dm5ts ,^u
 reque/ by ! *air or rank+ memb] ( !    
,committee on ! ,judici>y ( ! ,s5ate or 
! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ) respect to  
any legislation ord]$ report$ favorably 
by t committee ) am5dm5t1 ! ,attorney   
,g5]al %all1 n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! 
reque/ is made1 provide ! reque/+ p>ty )

 an updat$ impact analysis4  7c7        
,inclusion ( impact analysis or /atem5t 
,! *air or rank+ memb] %all include 9 ! 
committee report1 or 9 additional1      
sep>ate1 or diss5t+ views app5d$ to !   
report1 z ! case may be1 any impact     
analysis provid$ at ! reque/ ( t *air or
 rank+ memb]4 ,if ! ,attorney ,g5]al    
does n provide an impact analysis 9 a   
timely mann]1 ! *air or rank+ memb] %all
 in/ead include 9 ! committee report or 
views1 a /atem5t t ! impact analysis 0 n
 provid$4  7d7 ,effect ( failure ,to    
comply ) requirem5ts ( section ,!       
,attorney ,g5]al %all make e ef=t to    
provide an impact analysis requir$ "u   
?is section1 & ! reque/+ p>ty %all make 
e ef=t to give ! ,attorney ,g5]al       
suffici5t notice to d s4 ,h[ev]1 failure
 to provide ! impact analysis does n    
give rise to any po9t ( ord] reg>d+ !   
legislation4 ,failure by a *air or rank+
 memb] to include matt] z requir$ by ?is
 section 9 a report or views app5d$ to !
 report does n give rise to a po9t (    

ord] reg>d+ ! legislation4  #gjd4       
,reports  7a7 ,annual reports by !      
attorney g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj days    
aft] passage ( ?is bill1 & e ye>        
!reaft]1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all submit 
to ! ,congress1 a report t conta9s !    
foll[+3  7#a7 ,analysis ( demographic   
7age1 race_/e?nicity1 g5d]7 data on     
,f$]al (f5d]s1 includ+ by (f5d]         
demographics1 ! numb] & types ( (f5ses =
 :i* (f5d]s 9 t demographic h--  7,a7   
be5 consid]$ = prosecution by !         
,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice b n *>g$2  7,b7 be5 
*>g$ b *>ges 7 dismiss$2  7,c7 be5      
initially *>g$ ) m&atory m9imums t 7 n  
)drawn or dismiss$1 li/$ by /atutory    
citation ( m&atory m9imum2  7,d7 be5    
*>g$ 9 a sup]s$+ indictm5t or subsequ5t 
in=mation ) m&atory m9imums2  7,e7 plea 
b>ga9$ 9 ex*ange = prosecutors n *>g+   
m&atory m9imums1 includ+ ! type (       
m&atory m9imum plea b>ga9$ away2  7,f7  
be5 initially *>g$ ) m&atory m9imums b 7
 )drawn or dismiss$1 li/$ by type (     
m&atory m9imum2 &  7,g7 be5 convict$1 ! 

l5g? ( s5t5ce !y receiv$1 & ! judicial  
di/rict 9 :i* !y 7 s5t5c$ to track :e!r 
unw>rant$ s5t5c+ disp>ities are occurr+ 
9 c]ta9 di/ricts4  7#b7 ,an analysis (  
curr5t & project$ sav+s associat$ ) ?is 
,act & ! am5dm5ts made by ?is ,act4     
7#c7 ,developm5ts 9 tra9+ & developm5t &
 rese>* on ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice 9      
conjunction ) ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se1 on 
nonle?al tools ( polic+4  7b7 ,annual   
reports by ! ,director ( ! ,bureau (    
,prisons ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft]     
passage ( ?is bill1 & e ,janu>y #a      
!reaft]1 ! ,director ( ! ,bureau (      
,prisons1 9 consultation ) ! ,inspector 
,g5]al ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice1 %all    
submit to ,congress a report t conta9s !
 foll[+ in=mation1 categoriz$ by race1  
national orig91 g5d]1 age1 & religion3  
7#a7 ,prison data  7,a7 ,! numb] (      
(f5d]s ent]+ prison on a new (f5se4     
7,b7 ,! av]age s5t5ce l5g? = a new      
prison s5t5ce by (f5se type4  7,c7 ,!   
numb] ( (f5d]s ent]+ prison on a        
revocation ( sup]vision4  7,d7 ,! av]age

 s5t5ce l5g? = (f5d]s ent]+ prison = a  
probation revocation4  7,e7 ,! av]age   
s5t5ce l5g? = (f5d]s ent]+ prison = a   
sup]vis$ release revocation4  7,f7 ,!   
av]age p]c5tage ( ! s5t5ce impos$ s]v$ 9
 prison z comp>$ to community1 home1 or 
resid5tial re5try c5t]4  7,g7 ,! av]age 
p]c5tage ( prison s5t5ces s]v$ 9 prison 
by (f5se type = (f5d]s ent]+ on a new   
(f5se4  7,h7 ,! numb] ( (f5d]s 9 solit>y
 conf9em5t1 includ+ _! race1 g5d]1 age1 
reason = solit>y conf9em5t1 l5g? ( /ay 9
 solit>y conf9em5t1 ! numb] ( total /ays
 9 solit>y conf9em5t1 ! total "t ( /ay 9
 solit>y conf9em5t1 & ! numb] ( ^?      
(f5d]s ) m5tal heal? issues1 cognitive  
deficits1 sub/ance abuse issues1 or     
combat-relat$ po/-traumatic /ress       
disord]4  7,i7 ,total prison population 
by (f5se type & by ! type ( admission   
into prison4  7,j7 ,recidivism rate by  
(f5se type4  7,k7 ,(f5se rate aft] #c   
ye>s ( release4  7#b7 ,data relat$ to   
exp&$ e>n$ "t cr$it & recidivism        
r$uction programm+  7,a7 ,! numb] &     

p]c5tage ( (f5d]s :o h e>n$ "t cr$it 9 !
 prior ye>4  7,b7 ,! av]age am\nt ( "t  
cr$it e>n$ p] (f5d] 9 ! prior ye>4  7,c7
 ,! av]age am\nt ( "t cr$it e>n$ by     
(f5d]s releas$ f prison 9 ! prior ye>4  
7,d7 ,additional in=mation z reque/$ by 
! ,judici>y1 ,ov]sight1 & o!r sub/antive
 committees4  7,e7 ,a summ>y & assessm5t
 ( ! types & effectiv5ess ( ! recidivism
 r$uction programs & productive         
activities 9 facilities op]at$ by !     
,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,prisons1       
includ+--  7i7 evid5ce ab\t :i* programs
 & activities h be5 %[n to r$uce        
recidivism2  7ii7 ! capacity ( ea*      
program & activity at ea* facility1     
includ+ ! numb] ( prison]s enroll$ 9 ea*
 program & activity2 &  7iii7           
id5tification ( any problems or %ortages
 9 capacity ( su* programs & activities1
 & h[ !y %\ld be rem$i$4  7#c7 ,data    
relat$ to release to ext5d$ sup]vision =
 c]ta9 m$ically incapacitat$ & g]iatric 
prison]s  7,a7 ,! numb] ( (f5d]s :o     
petition$ = release to ext5d$ sup]vision

 pursuant to section #cehb7;c77#a77;,a7 
( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4  7,b7 
,! numb] ( (f5d]s :o petition$ & 7 d5i$ 
release to ext5d$ sup]vision pursuant to
 section #cehb7;c77#a77;,a7 ( title #ah1
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 & ! common reasons
 = d5ial4  7,c7 ,! numb] ( (f5d]s       
releas$ to ext5d$ sup]vision pursuant to
 section #cehb7;c77#a77;,a7 ( title #ah1
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 :o 7 revok$ 9 !   
previ\s ye>4  7c7 ,annual reports by !  
,director ( ! ,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rts ,n lat] ?an #ahj   
days aft] passage ( ?is bill1 & e       
,janu>y #a !reaft]1 ! ,director ( !     
,adm9i/rative ,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,c\rts1 9 consultation ) ! ,judicial    
,conf]5ce1 %all submit to ! appropriate 
committees ( ,congress1 & publi%        
publically1 a report t conta9s ! foll[+3
  7#a7 ,probation data  7,a7 ,! numb] ( 
(f5d]s s5t5c$ to probation 9 ! previ\s  
ye>4  7,b7 ,! numb] ( (f5d]s sup]vis$ on
 probation4  7,c7 ,! numb] ( probation]s
 revok$ = a te*nical violation4  7,d7 ,!

 numb] ( probation]s :o 7 convict$ ( a  
new felony (f5se & s5t5c$ to a t]m (    
imprisonm5t1 9 ei!r a local1 ,/ate1 or  
,f$]al facility4  7#b7 ,sup]vis$ release
 data  7,a7 ,! numb] ( (f5d]s plac$ on  
po/release sup]vision 9 ! foll[+ ye>4   
7,b7 ,! numb] ( (f5d]s sup]vis$ on      
po/release sup]vision4  7,c7 ,! numb] ( 
(f5d]s on sup]vis$ release revok$ = a   
te*nical violation4  7,d7 ,! numb] (    
(f5d]s on sup]vis$ releas$ :o 7 convict$
 ( a new felony (f5se & s5t5c$ to a t]m 
( imprisonm5t1 9 ei!r a local1 ,/ate1 or
 ,f$]al facility4  7#c7 ,data relat$ to 
! imposition ( ! graduat$ sanction+     
sy/em  7,a7 ,! numb] & p]c5tage ( (f5d]s
 :o h "o or m violations dur+ ! ye>4    
7,b7 ,! av]age numb] ( violations p]    
(f5d] dur+ ! ye>4  7#d7 ,data relat$ to 
! imposition ( e>n$ "t cr$its  7,a7 ,!  
numb] & p]c5tage ( (f5d]s :o qualify =  
e>n$ dis*>ge 9 "o or m mon?s ( ! ye>4   
7,b7 ,! av]age am\nt ( cr$its e>n$ p]   
(f5d] )9 ! ye>4  7,c7 ,! av]age         
probation s5t5ce l5g? = (f5d]s s5t5c$ to

 ,f$]al probation4  7,d7 ,! av]age      
sup]vision s5t5ce l5g? = (f5d]s releas$ 
to sup]vis$ release4  7,e7 ,! av]age "t 
sp5t on ,f$]al probation = (f5d]s       
successfully complet+ probation4  7,f7  
,! av]age "t sp5t on sup]vis$ release = 
(f5d]s successfully complet+ sup]vis$   
release4  7#e7 ,data relat$ to          
problem-solv+ c\rts  7,a7 ,total numb] (
 p>ticipants4  7,b7 ,total numb] (      
successful p>ticipants4  7,c7 ,total    
numb] ( unsuccessful p>ticipants4  7,d7 
,total numb] ( p>ticipants :o 7 arre/$ =
 a new crim9al (f5se :ile 9 !           
problem-solv+ c\rt program4  7,e7 ,total
 numb] ( p>ticipants :o 7 convict$ ( a  
new felony or misdemeanor (f5se :ile 9 !
 problem-solv+ c\rt program4  7,f7 ,any 
o!r data or in=mation z requir$ by !    
,judici>y1 ,ov]sight1 & o!r sub/antive  
committees4  7d7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is     
title1 ! foll[+ def9itions apply3 7#a7  
,recidivism ,! t]m recidivism means !   
return to ,f$]al prison ( an (f5d] n    
lat] ?an #c ye>s aft] ! date ( release4 

7#b7 ,sup]vision ,! t]m sup]vision has !
 mean+ giv5 t t]m 9 section #cfji (     
title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4  7#c7   
,(f5se rate ,! t]m (f5se rate means ei!r
 misdemeanor or felony convictions m ?an
 #c ye>s aft] ! date ( release4