,i #aae? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,h4 ,r4 #dbbc ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,novemb] #b1 #bjag,mr4 ,engel 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,*abot1 ,mr4 ,cr[ley1 ,mr4 ,yoho1 ,mr4 ,%]man1 ,mrs4 ,wagn]1 ,mr4 ,ca/ro ( ,texas1 & ,mr4 ,franks ( ,arizona7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs1 & 9 addition to ! ,committees on ,f9ancial ,s]vices1 ! ,judici>y1 ,arm$ ,s]vices1 & ,ways & ,means1 = a p]iod to be subsequ5tly det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* case = consid]ation ( su* provisions z fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! committee conc]n$ ,a ,,bill ,to promote democracy & human rights 9 ,burma1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts 7a7 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,burma ,unifi$ ?r\gh ,rigor\s ,milit>y ,acc\ntability ,act ( #bjag or ! ,,burma ,act ( #bjag4 7b7 ,table ( cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts = ?is ,act is z foll[s3 ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts4 ,sec4 #b4 ,f9d+s4 ,sec4 #c4 ,/atem5t ( policy4 ,sec4 #d4 ,s5se ( ,congress on rights ( returnees4 ,sec4 #e4 ,s5se ( ,congress ) respect to humanit>ian assi/ance & fre$om ( movem5t4 ,sec4 #f4 ,multilat]al assi/ance4 ,sec4 #g4 ,limitation on security assi/ance & milit>y & security sector coop]ation4 ,sec4 #h4 ,trade re/rictions4 ,sec4 #i4 ,visa ban & f9ancial sanctions ) respect to milit>y (ficials responsible = human rights abuses4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,/rategy = promot+ economic developm5t4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,report on acc\ntability = e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide 9 ,burma4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,appropriate congressional committees def9$4 #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates policy s9ce #aihh has fo/]$ positive democratic re=ms 9 ,burma1 :i* h a*iev$ significant mile/ones on ! pa? to democracy4 7#b7 ,on ,novemb] #h1 #bjae1 ,burma held hi/oric elections 9 :i* ! ,national ,league = ,democracy won a sup]majority ( seats 9 ! comb9$ national ,p>liam5t4 7#c7 ,on ,m>* #cj1 #bjaf1 ,ht9 ,kyaw 0 inaugurat$ z ! ,presid5t ( ,burma1 ! c\ntry's fir/ civilian ,presid5t 9 m ?an #ej ye>s4 7#d7 ,aung ,san ,suu ,kyi1 ,presid5t ( ! ,national ,league = ,democracy1 0 b>r$ f becom+ ,presid5t due to ! provisions ( section #ei7;f7 ( ! #bjjh ,con/itution ( ,burma1 & !re=e assum$ ! (fice ( ,/ate ,c\nsellor1 a position creat$ = h] t made h] ! c\ntry's de facto lead]4 7#e7 ,among ,aung ,san ,suu ,kyi's fir/ acts z ,/ate ,c\nsellor aft] ! ,national ,league = ,democracy p>ty took (fice 0 to drop *>ges aga9/ m ?an #ajj prison]s held = political reasons1 includ+ well-kn[n j\rnali/s & /ud5t activi/s4 ,presid5t ,ht9 ,kyaw us$ 8 au?ority to grant amne/y to ano!r #hf convict$ political prison]s4 ,h[ev]1 z ( ,septemb] #bjag1 !re 7 #bbj political prison]s 9 ,burma1 #db ( :om 7 curr5tly s]v+ prison s5t5ces1 #ea ( :om 7 await+ trial inside prison1 & #abg ( :om 7 await+ trial outside prison1 accord+ to ! ,assi/ance ,association = ,political ,prison]s4 7#f7 ,curr5t ,burmese law cont9ues to sy/ematically oppress ! ,roh+ya p4 ,9 p>ticul>1 ! #aihb citiz5%ip law effectively d5ies ! ,roh+ya ,burmese citiz5%ip1 r5d]+ !m /ateless1 & ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma cont9ues to d5y !m fre$om ( movem5t1 access to heal?c>e1 education1 & m>riage4 7#g7 ,despite ! mean+ful /eps tak5 t[>d democracy 9 ,burma1 !re /ill rema9 important /ructural & sy/emic imp$im5ts to ! realization ( a fully democratic1 civilian gov]nm5t1 includ+ necess>y re=ms to ! #bjjh ,con/itution ( ,burma & to exi/+ laws & gov]nance /ructures to ensure t-- 7,a7 ! ,burmese milit>y-- 7i7 ends its ability to directly & undemocratically control appo9tm5ts to #be p]c5t ( ! seats 9 ! comb9$ national ,p>liam5t1 provid+ legislators appo9t$ by ! milit>y a suffici5t proportion ( seats to veto con/itutional am5dm5ts2 7ii7 ends its control ov] gov]nm5tal m9i/ries1 includ+ ,home ,affairs1 ,def5se ,affairs1 & ,bord] ,affairs2 & 7iii7 ceases to op]ate autonom\sly f ! elect$ civilian gov]nm5t1 by e/abli%+ mean+ful civilian control ov] ! budgets & policy ( bo? ! milit>y & security =ces2 & 7,b7 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma-- 7i7 addresses social & political dis5fran*isem5t & economic conditions 9 ! ,burmese /ate ( ,rakh9e1 & ?r\gh\t ! re/ ( ! c\ntry1 includ+ ^? fac$ by ! ,roh+ya p2 & 7ii7 addresses ! und]ly+ causes ( ! curr5t humanit>ian & human rights crisis affect+ ,burma's ,roh+ya p z well z ! o!r resid5ts ( ! ,rakh9e1 ,ka*91 & ,%an /ates 9 ,burma1 includ+ e?nic cleans+1 extrajudicial kill+s1 sexual & g5d]-bas$ viol5ce1 & =c$ displacem5t result+ f int]communal viol5ce & ! human rights abuses committ$ by ! ,burmese milit>y & security =ces4 7#h7 ,actions ( ! ,burmese milit>y1 kn[n z ! ,tatmadaw1 includ+ cont9u+ assaults on p]sonnel & t]ritory controll$ by arm$ e?nic organizations1 milit>y (f5ses imm$iately prec$+ ! peace conf]5ce 9 ,naypyitaw1 & human rights abuses aga9/ civilians 9 conflict areas1 und]m9e confid5ce 9 e/abli%+ a cr$ible nationwide cease-fire agreem5t to end ,burma's civil w>4 7#i7 ,! p ( ,burma cont9ue to suff] f an ongo+ int]nal arm$ conflict betwe5 ! ,tatmadaw & ne>ly #bj arm$ e?nic gr\ps4 ,any prospects = a full democracy 9 ,burma are cont+5t on end+ ! int]nal arm$ conflict & f9d+ a pa? t[>d national reconciliation betwe5 ,burma's ,bam> majority & its v>i\s e?nic m9orities1 includ+ ?r\gh ! e/abli%m5t ( a f$]at$ /ate or simil> /ructure ( gov]nance t provides = mean+ful political p>ticipation by all citiz5s4 7#aj7 ,s9ce #bjaa1 ov] #ih1jjj p h be5 displac$ 9 ! /ates ( ,ka*9a & ,%an ov] ! escalat+ viol5ce & in/ability1 result+ 9 cont9u$ massive int]nal displacem5t1 caus+ a massive humanit>ian crisis1 cont9u+ to und]m9e ! tru/ necess>y to a*ieve a durable1 la/+ peace1 & disproportionately affect+ ! lives ( innoc5t civilians includ+ ! ?\s&s ( int]nally displac$ p]sons =c$ f _! homes4 7#aa7 ,accord+ to ! ,unit$ ,nations ,(fice = ! ,coord9ation ( ,humanit>ian ,affairs1 ar\nd #ej p]c5t ( su* displac$ p are /ay+ 9 areas beyond ! control ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma1 :]e access to humanit>ian aid is limit$4 7#ab7 ,9 #bjae1 ! nongov]nm5tal organization ,global ,witness f\nd t ! e/imat$ value ( (ficial production ( jade 9 #bjad 0 almo/ #dh p]c5t ( ! (ficial gross dome/ic product ( ,burma4 ,h[ev]1 because ( corruption & a lack ( transp>5cy1 ! economic ga9s ( ,burma are be+ pocket$ by notori\s lead]s f ! milit>y junta1 includ+ =m] dictator ,?an ,%we & drug "l ,wei ,hsueh ,kang1 & ve/$ int]e/s 9 ma9ta9+ su* corrupt ga9s f trad+ 9 jade are und]m9+ prospects = resolv+ ! arm$ conflict 9 ,burma4 7#ac7 ,on ,augu/ #ca1 #bjaf1 ,/ate ,c\nsellor ,aung ,san ,suu ,kyi & ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma initiat$ ! ,union ,peace ,conf]5ce #ba/ ,c5tury ,panglong1 :]e m ?an #a1djj repres5tatives ( v>i\s conc]n$ p>ties att5d$ a peace conf]5ce 9 ,naypyitaw 9 an ef=t to beg9 ! process ( end+ ,burma's civil w> & discuss options 9 =m+ a democratic /ate ( ,burma4 7#ad7 ,on ,may #bd1 #bjag1 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma held a second ,panglong ,peace ,conf]5ce1 ) mix$ results4 7#ae7 ,on ,octob] #ca1 #bjaf1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate det]m9$ t ,burma %\ld rema9 designat$ z a c\ntry ( p>ticul> conc]n = religi\s fre$om "u section #djb7;b7 ( ! ,int]national ,religi\s ,fre$om ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #fddb7;b771 & t memb]s ( ! ,roh+ya community 9 p>ticul> face abuses by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma1 includ+ ^? involv+ torture1 unlawful arre/ & det5tion1 re/rict$ movem5t1 re/rictions on religi\s practices1 discrim9ation 9 employm5t & access to social s]vices4 7#af7 ,bo? gov]nm5t- & milit>y-initiat$ inve/igations into human rights abuses 9 ,burma involv+ int]communal viol5ce or viol5ce betwe5 e?nic m9orities & ,burmese security =ces h fail$ to yield cr$ible results4 ,= example1 ! ,febru>y #bjag panels set up by ! ,burmese milit>y & ! ,home ,affairs ,m9i/ry to inve/igate su* misconduct are widely p]ceiv$ to lack indep5d5ce & imp>tiality4 ,! ,decemb] #bjaf commission e/abli%$ by ,burma's ,presid5t ,ht9 ,kyaw to inve/igate ! ,octob] #bjaf attacks 9 ! /ate ( ,rakh9e dismiss$ claims ( misconduct by security =ces due to insuffici5t evid5ce4 ,! #bjab commission t ! ,gov]nm5t e/abli%$ 9 ! /ate ( ,rakh9e t ye> nev] held anyone acc\ntable4 7#ag7 ,9 a public address on ,octob] #ab1 #bjag1 ,/ate ,c\nsellor ,aung ,san ,suu ,kyi laid out ! foll[+ goals = ! /ate ( ,rakh9e3 7,a7 ,repatriation ( ^? :o h cross$ ov] to ,banglade%4 7,b7 ,effective provision ( humanit>ian assi/ance4 7,c7 ,resettlem5t ( displac$ populations4 7,d7 ,economic developm5t & durable peace4 7#ah7 ,accord+ to ! ,banglade% ,=eign ,m9i/ry1 m ?an #fjj1jjj ,roh+ya h fl$ to ,banglade%1 = fe> ( loss ( livelihoods1 %elt]1 & disproportionate use ( =ce by ! milit>y ( ,burma4 7#ai7 ,on ,octob] #bc1 #bjag1 ,/ate ,dep>tm5t ,spokesp]son ,hea!r ,nau]t said1 ,we express our grave/ conc]n ) rec5t ev5ts 9 ,rakh9e ,/ate & ! viol5t1 traumatic abuses ,roh+ya & o!r communities h endur$4 ,x is imp]ative t any individuals or entities responsible = atrocities1 includ+ non-/ate actors & vigilantes1 be held acc\ntable4 7#bj7 ,at a he>+ be=e ! ,h\se ,=eign ,affairs ,committee on ,octob] #aj1 #bjag1 ! ,deputy ,assi/ant ,secret>y ( ,/ate = ,population1 ,refugees1 & ,migration1 ,m>k ,sorella1 said1 ,we h be5 provid+ assi/ance to ! ,unit$ ,nations & o!r humanit>ian p>tn]s to help ^? affect$ by ! ,rakh9e /ate viol5ce4 ,! ,unit$ ,nations e/imat$ #dcd million is ne$$4 ,9 fiscal ye> #bjag1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates contribut$ ne>ly #ajd million 9 assi/ance to ! displac$ populations 9 ,burma = refugees f ,burma ?r\gh\t ! region4 7#ba7 ,at a he>+ be=e ! ,s5ate ,=eign ,relations ,committee on ,octob] #bd1 #bjag1 ! ,deputy ,assi/ant ,secret>y ( ,/ate = ,s\!a/ ,asia1 ,patrick ,murphy1 te/ifi$ t curr5t e/imates indicate ov] #fjj1jjj p1 mo/ly e?nic ,roh+ya1 h fl$ to ,banglade% s9ce ! crisis began on ,augu/ #be1 #bjag4 ,9 addition1 ,mr4 ,murphy indicat$ t refugees cont9ue to cross into ,banglade%1 & we cont9ue to receive cr$ible reports ( sporadic viol5ce 9 nor!rn ,rakh9e ,/ate4 7#bb7 ,amne/y ,int]national & ,human ,rights ,wat* h report$ & docum5t$ a campaign ( viol5ce p]petrat$ by ! security =ces ( ,burma1 :i* h indiscrim9ately fir$ on & kill$ civilians1 rap$ wom5 & girls1 & arbitr>ily arre/$ ,roh+ya m5 )\t any cause or *>ges1 :i* ,amne/y ,int]national has said may am\nt to crimes aga9/ humanity or e?nic cleans+4 ,satellite images obta9$ by ,amne/y ,int]national reveal t1 out ( ! approximately #dgj villages 9 nor!rn ,rakh9e ,/ate1 ne>ly #cjj 7 p>tially or completely de/roy$ by fire s9ce ,augu/ #be1 #bjag1 mo/ ( :i* 7 completely or p>tially populat$ by ,roh+ya ,muslims4 7#bc7 ,access to ! nor!rn /ate ( ,rakh9e has rema9$ block$ dur+ ?is crisis1 includ+ a prohibition ( access = ! ,unit$ ,nations & o!r humanit>ian gr\ps4 ,= mu* ( ! second half ( #bjag1 hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( vuln]able p 9 ! /ate ( ,rakh9e :o ne$$ humanit>ian aid1 includ+ ! ,roh+ya1 ,rakh9e1 & o!r peoples & includ+ *ildr5 ) acute malnutrition1 7 be+ block$ f receiv+ su* aid1 & aid gr\ps expect t levels ( malnutrition & ev5 />vation h dramatically increas$4 7#bd7 ,9 response to previ\s viol5ce betwe5 ! ,burmese milit>y & ! ,roh+ya p 9 #bjaf1 ,aung ,san ,suu ,kyi e/abli%$ ! ,advisory ,commission on ,rakh9e ,/ate1 head$ by =m] ,unit$ ,nations ,secret>y-,g5]al ,k(i ,annan1 to address t5sions 9 ,nor!rn ,rakh9e4 ,%e has s9ce also endors$ ! ,commission's recomm5dations & e/abli%$ a gr\p to move =w>d ) implem5tation4 #c4 ,/atem5t ( policy ,x %all be ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates t-- 7#a7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates supports a complete transition to democracy & g5u9e national reconciliation 9 ,burma2 7#b7 ! pursuit ( a ,unit$ ,/ates /rategy ( calibrat$ & pr9cipl$ engagem5t is ess5tial to support ! e/abli%m5t ( a peaceful1 prosp]\s1 & democratic ,burma t includes respect = ! human rights ( all its p reg>dless ( e?nicity & religion2 & 7#c7 ! guid+ pr9ciples ( su* a /rategy %\ld include-- 7,a7 support+ mean+ful legal & con/itutional re=ms t remove rema9+ re/rictions on civil & political rights & ensure civilian gov]nance1 includ+ re=ms to ! curr5t con/itutional provision res]v+ #be p]c5t ( p>liam5t>y seats = appo9tm5ts by ! milit>y1 :i* provides ! milit>y ) veto p[] ov] con/itutional am5dm5ts2 7,b7 e/abli%+ a fully democratic1 plurali/ic1 & repres5tative political sy/em t includes regul>iz$ free & fair elections 9 :i* all p ( ,burma c vote2 7,c7 promot+ g5u9e national reconciliation1 ! conclusion ( a cr$ible & su/a9able nationwide cease-fire agreem5t1 includ+ political accommodation ( e?nic ,%an1 ,ka*91 ,*91 ,k>5 & o!r e?nic gr\ps1 & con/itutional *ange enabl+ inclusive p]man5t peace2 7,d7 ensur+ acc\ntability = e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide p]petrat$ aga9/ ! ,roh+ya1 ,ka*91 ,%an1 & o!r e?nic m9orities by ! ,gov]nm5t & milit>y ( ,burma1 viol5t extremi/ gr\ps1 & o!r combatants involv$ 9 ! conflict2 7,e7 /r5g!n+ civilian in/itutions 9 ! gov]nm5t1 includ+ support = great] transp>5cy & acc\ntability2 7,f7 e/abli%+ pr(essional & nonp>tisan milit>y1 security1 & police =ces t op]ate "u civilian control2 7,g7 emp[]+ local communities1 civil society1 & indep5d5t m$ia2 7,h7 enc\rag+ ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma to ensure equal access to full citiz5%ip = ! ,roh+ya population 9 ,burma z well z = ^? displac$ 9 ,banglade%2 7,i7 promot+ responsible int]national & regional engagem5t2 7,j7 /r5g!n+ respect = & protection ( human rights & religi\s fre$om2 & 7,k7 address+ & end+ ! humanit>ian & human rights crises & support+ ! ability ( ! displac$ ,roh+ya to volunt>ily return to _! homes1 "u int]nationally approv$ conditions4 #d4 ,s5se ( ,congress on rights ( returnees ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma1 9 collaboration ) ! regional & int]national community includ+ ! ,unit$ ,nations ,high ,commission] = ,refugees1 %\ld-- 7#a7 ensure ! dignifi$1 safe1 & volunt>y return ( all ^? displac$ f _! homes1 especially f ,rakh9e ,/ate1 )\t an unduly high burd5 ( pro(2 & 7#b7 fully implem5t all ( ! recomm5dations ( ! ,advisory ,commission on ,rakh9e ,/ate4 #e4 ,s5se ( ,congress ) respect to humanit>ian assi/ance & fre$om ( movem5t 7a7 ,s5se ( ,congress ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t additional significant & su/a9$ fund+ w be necess>y to address ! m$ium & long-t]m impacts ( ! crisis 9 ,burma4 7b7 ,re/oration ( humanit>ian access & acc\ntability 9 ,rakh9e /ate ,congress calls on ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma & ,burmese security =ces to ensure complete & unfett]$ humanit>ian access 9 ! /ate ( ,rakh9e & to support an indep5d5t int]national fact-f9d+ mission to inve/igate allegations ( e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide4 7c7 ,fre$om ( movem5t ( refugees & int]nally displac$ p]sons ,congress calls on ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,banglade%-- 7#a7 to ensure t all refugees h fre$om ( movem5t & "u no circum/ances are subject to unsafe1 involunt>y1 or un9=m$ repatriation2 7#b7 to ensure ! dignifi$1 safe1 & volunt>y return ( ^? displac$ f _! homes2 & 7#c7 to (f] to ^? refugees :o d n want to return mean+ful means to obta9 comp5sation or re/itution4 #f4 ,multilat]al assi/ance 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ "u subsection 7b71 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all in/ruct ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,executive ,director ( ea* int]national f9ancial in/itution to use ! voice & vote ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to support a project 9 ,burma only if ! project does n p>tn] )1 contract or subcontract )1 or o!rwise involve or b5efit any ent]prise own$ or directly or indirectly controll$ by ! milit>y ( ,burma4 7b7 ,exception ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury may in/ruct ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,executive ,director ( an int]national f9ancial in/itution to approve projects t d n meet ! requirem5ts "u subsection 7a7 aft] ! date on :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate c]tifies to ! appropriate congressional committees t-- 7#a7 s5ior ,burmese milit>y (ficials h-- 7,a7 publicly ackn[l$g$ _! role 9 committ+ pa/ human rights abuses2 7,b7 coop]at$ ) indep5d5t ef=ts to inve/igate su* abuses2 7,c7 be5 held acc\ntable = su* abuses2 7,d7 demon/rat$ sub/antial progress 9 re=m+ _! behavior ) respect to ! protection ( human rights 9 ! conduct ( civil-milit>y relations2 7,e7 demon/rably & v]ifiably indicat$ _! support = ext5d+ civil & political rights1 includ+ citiz5%ip & access to rule ( law1 to all ! p ( ,burma1 includ+ ! ,roh+ya1 consi/5t ) int]national /&>ds2 & 7,f7 are coop]at+ ) ef=ts to secure a cr$ible1 nationwide cease-fire agreem5t1 political accommodation1 & con/itutional *ange2 or 7#b7 do+ s is 9 ! national int]e/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 #g4 ,limitation on security assi/ance & milit>y & security sector coop]ation 7a7 ,limitation on milit>y & security sector coop]ation ,except z provid$ "u subsection 7b71 ! ,unit$ ,/ates may n supply any security assi/ance or engage 9 any milit>y-to-milit>y programs ) ! arm$ =ces or security =ces ( ,burma1 includ+ ?r\gh tra9+1 obs]vation1 or p>ticipation 9 regional ex]cises1 until ! date on :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se1 9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 c]tifies to ! appropriate congressional committees t ! arm$ =ces ( ,burma h demon/rat$ significant progress 9 abid+ by int]national human rights /&>ds & are und]tak+ mean+ful & significant security sector re=m1 includ+ transp>5cy & acc\ntability1 to prev5t future abuses & t ea* ( ! foll[+ crit]ia h be5 met3 7#a7 ,! ,burmese arm$ =ces adh]e to int]national humanit>ian law & int]national /&>ds = human rights & pl$ge to /op future human rights abuses4 7#b7 ,! ,burmese arm$ =ces support ef=ts to c>ry out mean+ful & compreh5sive inve/igations ( alleg$ abuses & are tak+ /eps to hold acc\ntable ^? memb]s ( su* arm$ =ces responsible = human rights violations4 7#c7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma1 includ+ ! arm$ =ces1 all[ imm$iate & unfett]$ humanit>ian access to communities 9 areas affect$ by conflict1 includ+ ,roh+ya communities 9 ! /ate ( ,rakh9e4 7#d7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma1 includ+ ! arm$ =ces1 coop]ates ) ! ,unit$ ,nations ,high ,commission] = ,refugees & organizations affiliat$ ) ! ,unit$ ,nations to ensure ! protection ( displac$ p]sons & ! safe & volunt>y return ( refugees & int]nally displac$ p]sons4 7#e7 ,! ,burmese arm$ =ces cease attack+ e?nic m9ority gr\ps & con/ructively p>ticipate 9 ! conclusion ( a cr$ible1 nationwide cease-fire agreem5t1 political accommodation1 & con/itutional *ange4 7#f7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma1 includ+ ! arm$ =ces1 takes /eps t[>d ! implem5tation ( ! recomm5dations ( ! ,advisory ,commission on ,rakh9e ,/ate & has ext5d$ recognition ( human rights to all ! p ( ! /ate ( ,rakh9e1 includ+ ! ,roh+ya4 7#g7 ,! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma is cle>ly on ! pa? to civilian control ov] its security =ces1 includ+ con/itutional re=ms to rel9qui% milit>y control ( m9i/ries curr5tly "u exclusive milit>y control & ov] #be p]c5t ( ! seats 9 ! comb9$ national ,p>liam5t4 7#h7 ,all political prison]s 9 ,burma h be5 releas$4 7b7 ,exceptions 7#a7 ,c]ta9 exi/+ au?orities ,! ,secret>y ( ,def5se may cont9ue to conduct consultations ) ,burma pursuant to ! au?orization "u section #abec ( ! ,c>l ,lev9 & ,h[>d ,p4 ,buck ,mc,keon ,national ,def5se ,au?orization ,act = ,fiscal ,ye> #bjae 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baea note7 aft] ! date on :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate c]tifies to ! appropriate congressional committees t-- 7,a7 attacks by ,burmese security =ces aga9/ m9ority gr\ps1 includ+ ! ,ka*91 ,%an1 & ,roh+ya1 h ceas$2 7,b7 full & unfett]$ access = (ficials ( ! ,unit$ ,nations1 human rights obs]v]s1 & memb]s ( ! press has be5 re/or$ 9 conflict areas1 includ+ ! /ates ( ,rakh9e1 ,ka*9 & ,%an2 7,c7 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma has made a firm commitm5t to a plan t is consi/5t ) int]nationally accept$ human rights pr9ciples = provid+ security to ^? refugees & int]nally displac$ p]sons :o wi% to return to _! homes2 & 7,d7 ,burma has end$ its campaign ( e?nic cleans+ aga9/ ! ,roh+ya p & ! milit>y & gov]nm5t make a cle> commitm5t to ! re/oration ( rights = e?nic & religi\s m9orities1 includ+ ! ,roh+ya4 7#b7 ,hospitality ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ag5cy = ,int]national ,developm5t may meet relat$-hospitality requirem5ts ) respect to ! ,union ,peace ,conf]5ce #ba/ ,c5tury ,panglong4 7c7 ,milit>y re=m ,! c]tification requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all include a writt5 ju/ification 9 unclassifi$ =m t may conta9 a classifi$ annex describ+ ! ,burmese milit>y's ef=ts to implem5t re=ms1 end impunity = human rights abuses1 & increase transp>5cy & acc\ntability4 7d7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be con/ru$ to au?orize ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se to provide assi/ance to ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma except z provid$ 9 ?is section4 7e7 ,report 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 & e #ahj days !reaft]1 ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se1 9 concurr5ce ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 %all submit to ! appropriate congressional committees a report1 9 unclassifi$ =m ) a classifi$ annex1 on ! /rategy & plans = milit>y-to-milit>y engagem5t betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces & ! milit>y ( ,burma4 7#b7 ,elem5ts ,! report requir$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all include ! foll[+ elem5ts3 7,a7 ,a description & assessm5t ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma's /rategy = security sector re=m1 if applicable1 includ+ plans to end involvem5t 9 ! illicit trade 9 jade & o!r natural res\rces1 re=ms to end corruption & illicit drug traffick+1 & con/itutional re=ms to ensure civilian control4 7,b7 ,a li/ ( ongo+ milit>y activities conduct$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t ) ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma1 & a description ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates /rategy = future milit>y-milit>y engagem5ts betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,burma's milit>y =ces1 includ+ ! milit>y ( ,burma1 ! ,burma ,police ,=ce1 & arm$ e?nic gr\ps4 7,c7 ,an assessm5t ( ! progress ( ! milit>y ( ,burma t[>ds develop+ a framework to implem5t human "r re=ms1 includ+-- 7i7 coop]ation ) civilian au?orities to inve/igate & prosecute cases ( s]i\s1 cr$ible1 or gross human rights violations2 7ii7 /eps tak5 to demon/rate respect = & implem5tation ( ! laws ( w> & int]national human rights law2 & 7iii7 a description ( ! elem5ts ( ! milit>y-to-milit>y engagem5t betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,burma t promote su* implem5tation4 7,d7 ,an assessm5t ( progress on ! peaceful settlem5t ( arm$ conflicts betwe5 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma & e?nic m9ority gr\ps1 includ+ actions tak5 by ! milit>y ( ,burma to adh]e to cease-fire agreem5ts & )draw =ces f conflict zones4 7,e7 ,an assessm5t ( ! ,burmese's milit>y recruitm5t & use ( *ildr5 z soldi]s4 7,f7 ,an assessm5t ( ! ,burmese's milit>y's use ( viol5ce aga9/ wom51 sexual viol5ce1 or o!r g5d]-bas$ viol5ce z a tool ( t]ror1 w>1 or e?nic cleans+4 #h4 ,trade re/rictions 7a7 ,re9/atem5t ( import re/rictions on jadeite & rubies f burma ,section #c;,a ( ! ,burmese ,fre$om & ,democracy ,act ( #bjjc 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #agja note7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7i7 ,t]m9ation ,not)/&+ section #i1 ?is section %all rema9 9 effect until ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t det]m9es & c]tifies to ! appropriate congressional committees t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma has tak5 sub/antial measures to re=m ! gem/one indu/ry 9 ,burma1 includ+ measures to require-- 7#a7 ! disclosure ( ! ultimate b5eficial own]%ip ( entities 9 t indu/ry2 & 7#b7 ! publication ( project rev5ues1 paym5ts1 & contract t]ms relat+ to t indu/ry4 4 7b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5ts ,section #c;,a ( ! ,burmese ,fre$om & ,democracy ,act ( #bjjc 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #agja71 z am5d$ by subsection 7a71 is fur!r am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7b7-- 7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#a71 by /rik+ until su* "t & all t foll[s ?r\gh #bjjh & ins]t+ beg9n+ on ! date t is #ae days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ! ,,burma ,act ( #bjag2 & 7,b7 9 p>agraph 7#c71 by /rik+ ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act & ins]t+ ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ! ,,burma ,act ( #bjag2 & 7#b7 9 subsection 7c77#a71 by /rik+ until su* "t & all t foll[s ?r\gh #bjjh & ins]t+ beg9n+ on ! date t is #ae days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ! ,,burma ,act ( #bjag4 7c7 ,effective date ,! am5dm5ts made by ?is section %all apply ) respect to articles ent]$1 or )drawn f w>eh\se = consumption1 on or aft] ! #ae? day aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 #i4 ,visa ban & f9ancial sanctions ) respect to milit>y (ficials responsible = human rights abuses 7a7 ,li/ requir$ 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act & e #ahj days !reaft]1 ! ,presid5t %all submit to ! appropriate congressional committees a li/ (-- 7,a7 ea* s5ior (ficial ( ! milit>y or security =ces ( ,burma t ! ,presid5t det]m9es has play$ a direct & sub/antial role 9 ! commission ( human rights abuses 9 ,burma1 includ+ any s5ior-rank+ individuals :o gave ord]s to subord9ates to engage 9 ! commission ( human rights abuses2 & 7,b7 ea* s5ior-rank+ individual ( su* =ces :o fail$ to inve/igate human rights abuses alleg$ly committ$ by subord9ates "u ! comm& ( su* individual1 includ+ human rights abuses committ$ aga9/ ! ,roh+ya m9ority population4 7#b7 ,inclusions ,! li/ requir$ by p>agraph 7#a7 %all include all ( ! s5ior (ficials ( ! milit>y & security =ces ( ,burma 9 *>ge ( ea* unit t 0 op]ational dur+ ! s-call$ cle>ance op]ations t began 9 ,octob] #bjaf or !reaft]4 7b7 ,sanctions 7#a7 ,visa ban ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all d5y a visa to1 & ! ,secret>y ( ,homel& ,security %all exclude f ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 any individual includ$ 9 ! mo/ rec5t li/ submitt$ pursuant to subsection 7a77#a74 7#b7 ,li/ ( specially designat$ nationals & block$ p]sons 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,presid5t %all-- 7i7 det]m9e :e!r ! individuals specifi$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b7 %\ld be includ$ on ! ,,sdn li/2 & 7ii7 submit to ! appropriate congressional committees a report t includes1 ) respect to any individual specifi$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b7 t ! ,presid5t det]m9es %\ld n be includ$ on ! ,,sdn li/1 ! ju/ification = su* det]m9ation4 7,b7 ,individuals specifi$ ,! individuals specifi$ 9 ?is subp>agraph are-- 7i7 ! head ( ea* unit ( ! milit>y or security =ces ( ,burma t 0 op]ational dur+ ! s-call$ cle>ance op]ations t began 9 ,octob] #bjaf or !reaft]1 includ+-- 7,i7 ,s5ior ,g5]al ,m9 ,aung ,hla+2 7,,ii7 ,major ,g5]al ,maung ,maung ,soe2 & 7,,iii7 ,major ,g5]al ,kh9 ,maung ,soe2 & 7ii7 any s5ior (ficial ( ! milit>y or security =ces ( ,burma = :i* !re are cr$ible allegations t ! (ficial has aid$1 p>ticipat$1 or is o!rwise implicat$ 9 gross human rights abuses 9 ,burma1 includ+ sexual & e?nic- or g5d]-bas$ viol5ce4 7,c7 ,,sdn li/ def9$ ,9 ?is p>agraph1 ! t]m ,,sdn li/ means ! li/ ( specially designat$ nationals & block$ p]sons ma9ta9$ by ! ,(fice ( ,=eign ,assets ,control ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,treasury4 7#c7 ,au?ority = additional f9ancial sanctions ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury may prohibit or impose appropriate conditions on ! op5+ or ma9ta9+ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( a correspond5t acc\nt or payable-?r\gh acc\nt by any f9ancial in/itution or f9ancial ag5cy t is a ,unit$ ,/ates p]son1 = or on behalf ( a =eign f9ancial in/itution1 if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t ! acc\nt is kn[+ly us$-- 7,a7 by a =eign f9ancial in/itution t holds prop]ty or an int]e/ 9 prop]ty ( any individual includ$ on ! mo/ rec5t li/ submitt$ pursuant to subsection 7a72 or 7,b7 to conduct a transaction on behalf ( any individual on t li/4 7#d7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is subsection may be con/ru$ to prohibit any contract or o!r f9ancial transaction by a ,unit$ ,/ates p]son ) a cr$ible nongov]nm5tal humanit>ian organization 9 ,burma4 7c7 ,removal f li/s ,! ,presid5t may remove an individual f a li/ submitt$ pursuant to subsection 7a71 or remove an individual includ$ on ! ,,sdn li/ pursuant to subsection 7b77#b7 f t li/1 if ! ,presid5t c]tifies to ! appropriate congressional committees t-- 7#a7 ! individual has-- 7,a7 publicly ackn[l$g$ ! role ( ! individual 9 committ+ pa/ human rights abuses2 7,b7 coop]at$ ) indep5d5t ef=ts to inve/igate su* abuses2 7,c7 be5 held acc\ntable = su* abuses2 or 7,d7 demon/rat$ sub/antial progress 9 re=m+ ! individual's behavior ) respect to ! protection ( human rights 9 ! conduct ( civil-milit>y relations2 & 7#b7 remov+ ! individual f ! li/ is 9 ! vital national int]e/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7d7 ,p5alties 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,any p]son t violates1 attempts to violate1 conspires to violate1 or causes a violation ( ?is section or any regulation1 lic5se1 or ord] issu$ to c>ry out p>agraph 7#b7 or 7#c7 ( subsection 7b7 %all be subject to ! p5alties set =? 9 subsections 7b7 & 7c7 ( section #bjf ( ! ,int]national ,em]g5cy ,economic ,p[]s ,act 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #agje7 to ! same ext5t z a p]son t commits an unlawful act describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 ( t section4 7#b7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,?is subsection %all n be con/ru$ to require ! ,presid5t to decl>e a national em]g5cy "u section #bjb ( ! ,int]national ,em]g5cy ,economic ,p[]s ,act 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #agja74 7e7 ,exceptions 7#a7 ,humanit>ian assi/ance ,a requirem5t to impose sanctions "u ?is section %all n apply ) respect to ! provision ( m$ic9e1 m$ical equipm5t or supplies1 food1 or any o!r =m ( humanit>ian or human rights-relat$ assi/ance provid$ to ,burma 9 response to a humanit>ian crisis4 7#b7 ,unit$ nations headqu>t]s agreem5t ,subsection 7b77#a7 %all n apply to ! admission ( an individual to ! ,unit$ ,/ates if su* admission is necess>y to comply ) ,unit$ ,/ates obligations "u ! ,agreem5t betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,nations & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica reg>d+ ! ,headqu>t]s ( ! ,unit$ ,nations1 sign$ at ,lake ,success ,june #bf1 #aidg1 & ent]$ into =ce ,novemb] #ba1 #aidg1 or "u ! ,conv5tion on ,consul> ,relations1 done at ,vi5na ,april #bd1 #aifc1 & ent]$ into =ce ,m>* #ai1 #aifg1 or o!r int]national obligations ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7f7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is section3 7#a7 ,acc\nt2 correspond5t acc\nt2 payable-?r\gh acc\nt ,! t]ms acc\nt1 correspond5t acc\nt1 & payable-?r\gh acc\nt h ! mean+s giv5 ^? t]ms 9 section #ecah;,a ( title #ca1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7#b7 ,f9ancial ag5cy2 f9ancial in/itution ,! t]ms f9ancial ag5cy & f9ancial in/itution h ! mean+s giv5 ^? t]ms 9 section #ecab ( title #ca1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7#c7 ,unit$ /ates p]son ,! t]m ,unit$ ,/ates p]son means-- 7,a7 a ,unit$ ,/ates citiz5 or an ali5 lawfully admitt$ = p]man5t resid5ce to ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 or 7,b7 an entity organiz$ "u ! laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ( any jurisdiction )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 includ+ a =eign bran* ( su* an entity4 #aj4 ,/rategy = promot+ economic developm5t 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury1 & ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ag5cy = ,int]national ,developm5t %all jo9tly submit to ! appropriate congressional committees a /rategy to provide ,unit$ ,/ates assi/ance to support su/a9able & broad-bas$ economic developm5t1 9 accordance ) ! priorities ( ! elect$ civilian ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma to promote broad-bas$ economic developm5t4 7b7 ,elem5ts ,9 ord] to support ! ef=ts ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma = broad-bas$ economic developm5t1 ! /rategy requir$ by subsection 7a7 %all include a plan to promote inclusive & responsible economic gr[?1 includ+ ?r\gh ! foll[+ initiatives3 7#a7 ,develop an economic re=m road map to div]sify control ov] & access to p>ticipation 9 key indu/ries & sectors4 7#b7 ,increase transp>5cy disclosure requirem5ts 9 key sectors to promote responsible inve/m5t4 ,provide te*nical support to develop & implem5t policies1 & revise exi/+ ,burmese policies on public disclosure ( b5eficial own]s ( companies 9 key sectors id5tifi$ by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma1 includ+ ! id5tities ( ^? seek+ or secur+ access to ,burma's mo/ valuable res\rces4 ,su* new requirem5ts %\ld complem5t disclosures due to be put 9 place 9 ,burma z a result ( its p>ticipation 9 ! global ,extractives ,indu/ry ,transp>5cy ,initiative4 #aa4 ,report on acc\ntability = e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide 9 ,burma 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all submit to ! appropriate congressional committees a report on allegations ( e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide1 & on pot5tial transitional ju/ice me*anisms 9 ,burma4 7b7 ,elem5ts ,! reports requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all include-- 7#a7 a description ( alleg$ e?nic clean+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 includ+ ! crime ( ap>!id1 & g5ocide p]petrat$ aga9/ ! ,roh+ya e?nic m9ority 9 ,burma1 includ+-- 7,a7 incid5ts t may con/itute e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide committ$ by ! ,burmese milit>y1 & o!r actors involv$ 9 ! viol5ce2 7,b7 ! role ( ! civilian gov]nm5t 9 ! commission ( su* activities2 7,c7 incid5ts t may con/itute e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 or g5ocide committ$ by viol5t extremi/ gr\ps or anti-gov]nm5t =ces2 7,d7 any incid5ts t may violate ! pr9ciple ( m$ical neutrality &1 to ! ext5t possible1 ! id5tities ( any individuals :o engag$ 9 or organiz$ su* incid5ts2 & 7,e7 to ! ext5t possible1 a description ( ! conv5tional & unconv5tional weapons us$ = su* crimes & ! s\rces ( su* weapons2 7#b7 a description & assessm5t by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ag5cy = ,int]national ,developm5t1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice1 & o!r appropriate ,f$]al dep>tm5ts & ag5cies ( programs t ! ,unit$ ,/ates has already or is plann+ to und]take to ensure acc\ntability = e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide p]petrat$ aga9/ ! ,roh+ya by ! ,gov]nm5t1 security =ces1 & milit>y ( ,burma1 viol5t extremi/ gr\ps1 & o!r combatants involv$ 9 ! conflict1 includ+ programs to-- 7,a7 tra9 civilian inve/igators )9 & outside ( ,burma & ,banglade% on h[ to docum5t1 inve/igate1 develop f9d+s (1 & id5tify & locate alleg$ p]petrators ( e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 or g5ocide 9 ,burma2 7,b7 promote & prep>e = a transitional ju/ice process or processes = ! p]petrators ( e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide occurr+ 9 ! /ate ( ,rakh9e 9 #bjag2 & 7,c7 docum5t1 collect1 pres]ve1 & protect evid5ce ( e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide 9 ,burma1 includ+ by provid+ support = ,burmese & ,banglade%i1 =eign1 & int]national nongov]nm5tal organizations1 ,unit$ ,nations ,human ,rights ,c\ncil's inve/igative team1 & o!r entities engag$ 9 su* activities2 & 7#c7 a detail$ /udy ( ! feasibility & desirability ( pot5tial transitional ju/ice me*anisms = ,burma1 includ+ a hybrid tribunal1 to address e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide p]petrat$ 9 ,burma1 includ+ recomm5dations on :i* transitional ju/ice me*anisms ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld support1 :y su* me*anisms %\ld be support$1 & :at type ( support %\ld be (f]$4 7c7 ,protection ( witnesses & evid5ce ,! ,secret>y %all take due c>e to ensure t ! id5tification ( witnesses & physical evid5ce are n publicly disclos$ 9 a mann] t might place su* p]sons at risk ( h>m or enc\rage ! de/ruction ( evid5ce by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma4 7d7 ,au?orization ,to provide te*nical assi/ance 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 9 consultation ) ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice & o!r appropriate ,f$]al dep>tm5ts & ag5cies1 is au?oriz$ to provide appropriate assi/ance to support entities t1 ) respect to e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide p]petrat$ by ! milit>y1 security =ces1 & ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma1 ,buddhi/ militias1 & all o!r arm$ gr\ps fight+ 9 ,rakh9e ,/ate-- 7,a7 id5tify suspect$ p]petrators ( e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 & g5ocide2 7,b7 collect1 docum5t1 & protect evid5ce ( crimes & pres]ve ! *a9 ( cu/ody = su* evid5ce2 7,c7 conduct crim9al inve/igations2 & 7,d7 support inve/igations by ?ird-p>ty /ates1 z appropriate4 7#b7 ,additional assi/ance ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 9 consultation ) appropriate ,f$]al dep>tm5ts & ag5cies & ! appropriate congressional committees & tak+ into acc\nt any relevant ! f9d+s 9 ! report requir$ by section #aa1 is au?oriz$ to provide assi/ance to support ! creation & op]ation ( transitional ju/ice me*anisms1 includ+ a pot5tial hybrid tribunal1 to prosecute individuals suspect$ ( committ+ e?nic cleans+1 crimes aga9/ humanity1 or g5ocide 9 ,burma4 #ab4 ,appropriate congressional committees def9$ ,9 ?is ,act1 ! t]m appropriate congressional committees means-- 7#a7 ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs & ! ,committee on ,arm$ ,s]vices ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives2 & 7#b7 ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations & ! ,committee on ,arm$ ,s]vices ( ! ,s5ate4