,i #aae? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,h4 ,r4 #djai ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,octob] #aa1 #bjag,mr4 ,t$ ,lieu ( ,cali=nia 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,curbelo ( ,florida1 ,mrs4 ,love1 & ,ms4 ,jackson ,lee7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y ,a ,,bill ,to provide grants to ,/ates & ,indian tribes to re=m _! crim9al ju/ice sy/em to enc\rage ! replacem5t ( ! use ( paym5t ( secur$ money bail z a condition ( pretrial release 9 crim9al cases1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,pretrial ,integrity & ,safety ,act ( #bjag4 #b4 ,purpose & f9d+s 7a7 ,purpose ,! purpose ( ?is ,act is to provide grants to ,/ates & ,indian tribes to re=m _! crim9al ju/ice sy/em to enc\rage ! replacem5t ( ! use ( paym5t ( money bail z a condition ( pretrial release 9 crim9al cases4 7b7 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,! money bail sy/em has prov5 to be an ineffective me?od ( protect+ public safety4 ,rese>* %[s t "u money bail sy/ems1 ne>ly #ej p]c5t ( def5dants :o 7 det]m9$ to be high-risk 7 all[$ to return to ! community ) little or no effective ov]sight simply because !y c\ld af=d to pay ! am\nt set = money bail4 7#b7 ,o!r /udies h %[n t = l[-risk individuals1 pretrial det5tion = ev5 %ort p]iods makes x m likely ! individuals w commit new crimes foll[+ release4 ,l[-risk def5dants held = z little z #c days are #dj p]c5t m likely to commit a crime dur+ ! pretrial p]iod comp>$ to comp>able def5dants releas$ )9 #bd h\rs4 7#c7 ,accord+ to ! ,arnold ,f\ndation1 ,comp>$ to individuals releas$ )9 #bd h\rs ( arre/1 l[-risk def5dants held #b-c days 7 #ag p]c5t m likely to commit ano!r crime )9 two ye>s4 ,det5tion p]iods ( #d-g days yield$ a #ce p]c5t increase 9 re-(f5se rates4 ,& def5dants held = #h-ad days 7 #ea p]c5t m likely to recidivate ?an def5dants :o 7 deta9$ less ?an #bd h\rs44 7#d7 ,jail+ arre/$ individuals be=e trial is ! greate/ exp5se g5]at$ by curr5t pretrial ju/ice practice4 ,unconvict$ deta9ees acc\nt = #ie p]c5t ( jail population gr[?1 nationally1 s9ce #bjjj4 ,taxpay]s n[ sp5d approximately #ch1jjj1jjj p] day to jail individuals :o are await+ trial4 ,annually1 ?is adds up to #ad1jjj1jjj1jjj us$ to deta9 individuals4 7#e7 ,unnecess>y det5tion may be c\nt]productive & und]m9e an important purpose ( money bail--specifically to produce ! def5dant at trial4 ,/udies %[ t ^? :o are deta9$ pretrial = m ?an #bd h\rs & !n releas$ are less likely to reappe> z requir$ ?an o!r simil>ly situat$ def5dants :o are deta9$ = less ?an #bd h\rs4 7#f7 ,9 ,be>d5 v4 ,georgia1 #dfa ,u4,s4 #ffj1 #fga 7#aihc71 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates /at$ t ! due process & equal protection pr9ciples ( ! ,f\rte5? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates prohibit puni%+ a p]son = 8 pov]ty4 ,! ,c\rt prohibit$ ! inc>c]ation ( indig5t probation]s = non-willful failure to pay a f9e because to d o!rwise w\ld deprive ! probation] ( 8 conditional fre$om simply because1 ?r\gh no fault ( 8 own1 he _c pay ! f9e44 ,/ate & local ju/ice sy/ems t impose money bail t leads to pretrial def5dants be+ deta9$ because !y _c af=d a money bail am\nt may result 9 puni%+ a p]son = 8 or h] pov]ty4 7#g7 ,pretrial det5tion c lead to deva/at+ effects1 includ+ ?reat5+ ! employm5t1 h\s+ /ability1 *ild cu/ody1 & access to heal?c>e ( an individual4 ,b>k] v4 ,w+o1 #djg ,u4,s4 #ead1 #ecb-cc 7#aigb7 7,! "t sp5t 9 jail await+ trial has a detrim5tal impact on ! individual4 ,x (t5 means loss ( a job2 x disrupts family life2 & x en=ces idl5ess4 ,mo/ jails (f] little or no recreational or rehabilitative programs4 ,! "t sp5t 9 jail is simply dead "t4 ,moreov]1 if a def5dant is lock$ up1 he is h9d]$ 9 8 ability to ga!r evid5ce1 contact witnesses1 or o!rwise prep>e 8 def5se4 ,impos+ ^? consequ5ces on anyone :o has n yet be5 convict$ is s]i\s4 ,x is especially un=tunate to impose !m on ^? p]sons :o are ultimately f\nd to be innoc5t474 7#h7 ,nationwide1 ab\t #i 9 #aj deta9$ def5dants _h a money bail am\nt set b 7 unable to meet ! f9ancial conditions requir$ to secure release4 7#i7 ,! inability to po/ money bail may result 9 innoc5t individuals plead+ guilty to l[-level crimes s !y c be releas$4 7#aj7 ,money bail sy/ems h result$ 9 disp>ate h>ms to poor p & communities ( color4 ,/udies h %[n t ,african-,am]ican & ,hispanic def5dants are m likely to be deta9$ pretrial ?an ,:ite def5dants & less likely to be able to po/ money bail s !y c be releas$4 ,moreov]1 race & money bail am\nts are significantly correlat$4 ,nationally1 ,african-,am]ican m5 pay #ce p]c5t high] money bail am\nts ?an ,:ite m51 & ,hispanic m5 pay #ai p]c5t high] money bail am\nts ?an ,:ite m54 7#aa7 ,congress %\ld enc\rage replacem5t ( ! practice ( money bail sy/ems to provide = a m equal & effective crim9al ju/ice sy/em = ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 #c4 ,pretrial integrity & safety ,title ,i ( ! ,omnibus ,crime ,control & ,safe ,/reets ,act ( #aifh 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #cgaa et seq47 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 ,,mm ,pretrial integrity & safety #cjca4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is "p-- 7#a7 ! t]m *>ge-risk pr(ile means a composite ( ! *>ge 7or *>ge category7 & risk score 7or risk category ( fail+ to appe> 9 c\rt or be+ re>re/$7 ( a def5dant2 7#b7 ! t]m eligible entity means a public or private entity1 includ+-- 7,a7 a nonpr(it entity 7includ+ a tribal nonpr(it72 7,b7 a fai?-bas$ or community organization2 7,c7 a ,/ate or tribal c\rt sy/em2 7,d7 a unit ( local gov]nm5t2 & 7,e7 an ,indian tribe2 7#c7 ! t]m evid5ce-bas$ practices1 ) respect to sup]vision ( ! conditions ( pretrial release1 means int]v5tion programs & sup]vision policies1 proc$ures1 programs1 & practices t sci5tific rese>* demon/rates are ! lea/ re/rictive necess>y to r$uce ! in/ance ( a failure by a def5dant to appe> 9 c\rt or crim9al activity by a def5dant dur+ ! pretrial p]iod1 :5 implem5t$ compet5tly2 7#d7 ! t]m lea/ re/rictive conditions-- 7,a7 includes c\rt date notifications by phone call1 lett] or po/c>d1 text message1 9-p]son rem9d]1 or ano!r non9vasive pretrial sup]visory condition2 & 7,b7 does n include a condition t imposes additional f9ancial obligations on ! def5dant1 includ+ *>g+ ! def5dant = implem5tation ( ! conditions2 7#e7 ! t]m money bail means a secur$ monet>y obligation t is impos$ by a c\rt z a condition ( ! release ( a def5dant be=e ! trial or adjudication ( ! crim9al *>ges p5d+ aga9/ ! def5dant2 7#f7 ! t]m reason = det5tion means :e!r a def5dant 0 held )\t bond1 held on ano!r *>ge1 or held = ano!r reason2 7#g7 ! t]m release condition means :e!r a def5dant 0 releas$-- 7,a7 bas$ on nonf9ancial1 p]sonal recognizance2 7,b7 ) pretrial sup]vision2 7,c7 ) an unsecur$ f9ancial obligation2 or 7,d7 ) a secur$ f9ancial obligation2 & 7#h7 ! t]m ,/ate or tribal c\rt sy/em means ! c\rt1 c\rt sy/em1 adm9i/rative (fices ( ! c\rts1 or simil>ly situat$ ag5cy ( a ,/ate or ,indian tribe4 #cjcb4 ,grants & conditions 7a7 ,grants au?oriz$ 7#a7 ,replacem5t ( money bail ,! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al may make grants to ,/ate & tribal c\rt sy/ems & eligible entities = ! replacem5t ( ! use ( paym5t ( money bail z a condition ( pretrial release ) respect to crim9al cases4 7#b7 ,national ,pretrial ,report+ ,program ,! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al may make grants to eligible entities to implem5t a ,national ,pretrial ,report+ ,program to collect data on ! process+ ( def5dants by c\rts ( ,/ates & units ( local gov]nm5t4 7b7 ,t]ms & conditions 7#a7 ,duration ( grants ,a grant "u subsection 7a7 %all be = a p]iod ( #c fiscal ye>s4 7#b7 ,maximums 7,a7 ,replacem5t ( money bail ,"u subsection 7a77#a71 ! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al may make-- 7i7 n m ?an #f grants to a ,/ate or tribal c\rt sy/em dur+ ea* fiscal ye>2 & 7ii7 n m ?an #aj1jjj1jjj 9 grants dur+ ea* fiscal ye>1 ( :i*-- 7,i7 n m ?an #f1ejj1jjj %all be grants to ,/ate or tribal c\rt sy/ems2 & 7,,ii7 n m ?an #c1ejj1jjj %all be grants to eligible entities to provide te*nical assi/ance1 tra9+1 & p]=mance evaluation4 7,b7 ,national ,pretrial ,report+ ,program ,! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al may n make m ?an #e1jjj1jjj 9 grants "u subsection 7a77#b7 dur+ ea* fiscal ye>4 7c7 ,use ( funds = replacem5t ( money bail grants 7#a7 ,activities ,am\nts receiv$ "u a grant "u subsection 7a77#a7 %all be us$ = develop+ ! long-t]m1 su/a9able capacity to p]=m m effective pretrial practices t include sy/em analysis1 tra9+ & te*nical assi/ance1 meet+ facilitation1 rese>* & p]=mance evaluation1 & in=mation te*nology reprogramm+1 & %all seek to incorporate & implem5t ! elem5ts describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b74 7#b7 ,elem5ts ,! elem5ts describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph are-- 7,a7 replac+ money bail sy/ems ) individualiz$1 pretrial assessm5ts t-- 7i7 measure ! risk ( flight & risk ( anticipat$ crim9al conduct pos$ by a def5dant :ile on pretrial release2 & 7ii7 %all use risk-bas$ decision mak+ t includes objective1 rese>*-bas$1 & locally validat$ assessm5t tools t d n result 9 unw>rant$ disp>ities on ! basis ( any classification protect$ "u ,f$]al non-discrim9ation laws or ! non-discrim9ation laws ( ! applicable ,/ate2 7,b7 provid+ =-- 7i7 a presumption ( release 9 mo/ cases2 & 7ii7 a prev5tative det5tion protocol only = cases 9 :i* a judicial (fic] det]m9es1 by cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce & aft] a he>+ dur+ :i* ! def5dant is repres5t$ by c\nsel1 t ! appe>ance ( ! def5dant 9 c\rt & ! safety ( ! community _c reasonably be assur$ ?r\gh ! use ( any comb9ation ( conditions2 7,c7 if pretrial release requires impos+ conditions1 ensur+ x is bas$ on ! lea/ re/rictive conditions t a judicial (fic] det]m9es w\ld reasonably assure ! appe>ance ( ! def5dant & ! safety ( o!rs 9 ! community2 7,d7 ensur+ sup]vision ( ! conditions ( pretrial release is bas$ on evid5ce-bas$ practices2 7,e7 ensur+ a def5dant is provid$ ) c\nsel at ! e>li] (-- 7i7 z soon z is feasible aft] cu/odial re/ra9t2 or 7ii7 ! fir/ appe>ance be=e a committ+ magi/rate1 judge1 or o!r judicial (fic]2 7,f7 ensur+ an (fic] ( ! ,/ate1 unit ( local gov]nm5t1 or ,indian tribe appe>s be=e a committ+ magi/rate1 judge1 or o!r judicial (fic] at ! pretrial he>+2 7,g7 ensur+ ! con/itutional "r ( a def5dant to a spe$y trial is effectuat$1 includ+-- 7i7 sett+ specific limits on ! "t )9 :i* ei!r ! def5dant %all be br\ght to trial or ! case %all be resolv$ ?r\gh a nontrial disposition2 7ii7 provid+ guidel9es = comput+ ! "t )9 :i* ! trial mu/ be comm5c$ or ! case o!rwise resolv$2 & 7iii7 e/abli%+ appropriate consequ5ces 9 ! ev5t t ! "r ( ! def5dant to a spe$y trial is d5i$2 7,h7 ensur+ t ! def5dant1 ,/ate1 unit ( local gov]nm5t1 or ,indian tribe is entitl$ to an imm$iate1 exp$it$ appeal ( a pretrial det5tion decision2 & 7,i7 in/itut+ a sy/em ( data collection & report+ to det]m9e ! effectiv5ess ( ! program replac+ ! money bail sy/em4 7#c7 ,b5*m>ks ,a ,/ate or tribal c\rt sy/ems or eligible entity receiv+ a grant "u subsection 7a77#a7 %all seek to a*ieve ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,def5dants return to c\rt rates are n less ?an #ie p]c5t4 7,b7 ,n m ?an #aj p]c5t ( def5dants are re>re/$ p5d+ trial4 7,c7 ,ov]all release rates ( def5dants p5d+ trial are n less ?an #he p]c5t4 7,d7 #ajj p]c5t ( def5dants h an attorney at ! fir/ appe>ance ( ! def5dant be=e a magi/rate1 judge1 or o!r judicial (fic]4 7,e7 ,! majority ( def5dants prev5tively deta9$ 7 deta9$ aft] a he>+ t occurr$ n lat] ?an #c days aft] ! date ( ! arre/ or book+ ( ! def5dant1 & #ajj p]c5t ( su* he>+s occurr$ n lat] ?an #g days aft] ! date ( ! arre/ or book+4 7,f7 ,validat$ pretrial assessm5ts ) risk-bas$ decision mak+ t d n lead to disproportionately high] pretrial det5tion rates = individuals on ! basis ( race & e?nicity4 7#d7 ,alt]native pretrial release me*anisms ,no?+ 9 ?is "p %all be con/ru$ to prohibit ! consid]ation ( alt]native pretrial release me*anisms t replace money bail sy/ems :ile fur!r+ ! pr9ciples describ$ 9 ?is "p4 7d7 ,annual report 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* entity receiv+ a grant "u ?is section %all submit to ! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al1 = ea* fiscal ye> dur+ :i* ! entity exp5ds am\nts receiv$ "u ! grant1 a report1 at su* "t & 9 su* mann] z ! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al may reasonably require1 t conta9s-- 7,a7 a summ>y ( ! activities c>ri$ out us+ am\nts made available "u ! grant2 7,b7 an assessm5t ( :e!r ! activities are meet+ ! ne$ = ! program id5tifi$ 9 ! application = ! grant2 7,c7 = a grant "u subsection 7a77#a71 data on ! money bail program ( ! ,/ate or ,indian tribe2 & 7,d7 su* o!r in=mation z ! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al may require4 7#b7 ,data ,! data provid$ "u p>agraph 7#a77;,c7 %all-- 7,a7 be brok5 d[n by ! demographic v>iables ( age gr\p1 sex1 race & e?nicity1 disability1 & *>ge-risk pr(ile ( ! def5dant2 7,b7 include ! p]c5tage ( def5dants deta9$ 9 jail or prison :o are releas$ f jail or prison prior to case disposition1 brok5 d[n by demographic v>iables ( age gr\p1 sex1 race & e?nicity1 disability1 *>ge-risk pr(ile1 & release condition2 7,c7 provide ! av]age "t to release f jail = def5dants :o are releas$ pretrial1 brok5 d[n by demographic v>iables ( age gr\p1 sex1 race & e?nicity1 disability1 *>ge-risk pr(ile1 & release condition2 7,d7 provide ! p]c5tage ( def5dants :o are deta9$ = ! entire duration ( ! pretrial phase ( _! case1 brok5 d[n by demographic v>iables ( age gr\p1 sex1 race & e?nicity1 disability1 *>ge-risk pr(ile1 & reason = det5tion2 7,e7 provide ! av]age duration ( ! p]iod def5dants :o are n releas$ are 9 cu/ody 9 a prison or jail be=e ! disposition ( _! case1 brok5 d[n by demographic v>iables ( age gr\p1 sex1 race & e?nicity1 disability1 *>ge-risk pr(ile1 & reason = det5tion2 7,f7 provide ! p]c5tage ( def5dants releas$ f cu/ody be=e trial :o appe>$ at all c\rt appe>ances = :i* ! c\rt expect$ !m to appe> dur+ ! pretrial phase ( _! case1 brok5 d[n by demographic v>iables ( age gr\p1 sex1 race & e?nicity1 disability1 *>ge-risk pr(ile1 & release condition2 7,g7 provide ! p]c5tage ( def5dants releas$ f cu/ody be=e trial :o 7 n arre/$ = or *>g$ ) a new crime dur+ ! pretrial phase ( _! case1 brok5 d[n by demographic v>iables ( age gr\p1 sex1 race & e?nicity1 disability1 *>ge-risk pr(ile1 & release condition2 7,h7 provide data on ! access ( def5dants to c\nsel1 includ+ ! numb] ( c\nsel appo9tm5ts = indig5t def5dants & ! outcomes ( pretrial release decisions bas$ on :e!r c\nsel 0 provid$2 & 7,i7 include a summ>y ( ! /eps ! entity has tak5 to ensure t any risk assessm5t tool-- 7i7 is prop]ly & regul>ly validat$ bas$ on reliable local data2 7ii7 includes objective1 rese>*-bas$ data2 & 7iii7 does n result 9 unw>rant$ disp>ities on ! basis ( any classification protect$ "u ,f$]al non-discrim9ation laws or ! non-discrim9ation laws ( ! applicable ,/ate4 7e7 ,allocation ( funds 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,= fiscal ye> #bjah1 ( ! am\nts appropriat$ to ! ,(fice1 ! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al %all use #ae1jjj1jjj to c>ry out ?is "p4 7#b7 ,limitations2 equitable di/ribution 7,a7 ,limitations ,( ! am\nt made available to c>ry out ?is section 9 any fiscal ye>-- 7i7 n m ?an #b p]c5t may be us$ by ! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al = sal>ies & adm9i/rative exp5ses2 & 7ii7 n m ?an #be p]c5t may be us$ = te*nical assi/ance1 tra9+1 & evaluation4 7,b7 ,equitable di/ribution ,! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al %all ensure t grants aw>d$ "u ?is section are equitably di/ribut$ among ! geographical regions & betwe5 urban & rural populations1 includ+ ,indian tribes1 consi/5t ) ! objective ( r$uc+ recidivism among crim9al (f5d]s4 7f7 ,reallocation ( appropriations ,a recipi5t ( a grant "u subsection 7a7 %all return to ! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al any am\nts receiv$ "u a grant "u subsection 7a7 t are n exp5d$ = a purpose describ$ 9 ?is section4 4