,i #aaeth ,,congress #ast ,session ,h4 ,r4 #caih ,,in ,,the ,,house ,,of ,,representatives ,july #ab1 #bjag,mr4 ,knight 7for himself1 ,mr4 ,smith of ,texas1 and ,mr4 ,babin7 introduced the following bill2 which was referred to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology1 and in addition to the ,committee on ,transportation and ,infrastructure1 for a period to be subsequently determined by the ,speaker1 in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned ,a ,,bill ,to provide for ,federal ,aviation ,administration research and development1 and for other purposes4 ,i ,general ,provisions #a4 ,short title2 table of contents 7a7 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the ,,faa ,leadership in ,groundbreaking ,high-,tech ,research and ,development ,act or the ,,flight ,r,d ,act4 7b7 ,table of contents ,the table of contents for this ,act is as follows3 ,title ,i--,general ,provisions ,sec4 #a4 ,short title2 table of contents4 ,sec4 #b4 ,definitions4 ,sec4 #c4 ,authorization of appropriations4 ,title ,,ii--,,faa ,research and ,development ,organization ,sec4 #aa4 ,associate ,administrator for ,research and ,development4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,research advisory committee4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,plan to determine research and development responsibility4 ,title ,,iii--,unmanned ,aircraft ,systems ,sec4 #ba4 ,unmanned aircraft systems research and development roadmap4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,probabilistic metrics for exemptions4 ,sec4 #bc4 ,probabilistic assessment of risks4 ,sec4 #bd4 ,unmanned aerial vehicle-manned aircraft collision research4 ,sec4 #be4 ,special rule for research and development4 ,sec4 #bf4 ,beyond line-of-sight research and development4 ,title ,,iv--,cybersecurity ,sec4 #ca4 ,cyber ,testbed4 ,sec4 #cb4 ,cabin communications1 entertainment1 and information technology systems cybersecurity vulnerabilities4 ,sec4 #cc4 ,cybersecurity threat modeling4 ,sec4 #cd4 ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology cybersecurity standards4 ,sec4 #ce4 ,cybersecurity research coordination4 ,sec4 #cf4 ,cybersecurity research and development program4 ,title ,v--,,faa ,research and ,development ,activities ,sec4 #da4 ,research plan for the certification of new technologies into the national airspace system4 ,sec4 #db4 ,aviation fuel research1 development1 and usage4 ,sec4 #dc4 ,air traffic surveillance over oceans and other remote locations4 ,sec4 #dd4 ,single-piloted commercial cargo aircraft4 ,sec4 #de4 ,electromagnetic spectrum research and development4 #b4 ,definitions ,as used in this ,act1 the following definitions apply3 7#a7 ,administrator ,the term ,administrator means the ,administrator of the ,federal ,aviation ,administration4 7#b7 ,,faa ,the term ,,faa means the ,federal ,aviation ,administration4 7#c7 ,,nasa ,the term ,,nasa means the ,national ,aeronautics and ,space ,administration4 7#d7 ,secretary ,the term ,secretary means the ,secretary of ,transportation4 #c4 ,authorization of appropriations 7a7 ,authorizations ,section #dhajb7;a7 of title #di1 ,united ,states ,code1 is amended-- 7#a7 in the matter before paragraph 7#a7 by striking and1 for each of fiscal years #bjab through #bjae1 under subsection 7g72 7#b7 at the end of paragraph 7#h71 by striking and2 7#c7 in paragraph 7#i7 by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon2 and 7#d7 by adding at the end the following3 7#aj7 for fiscal year #bjah1 #aha1jjj1jjj1 including-- 7,a7 #abh1ejj1jjj for ,safety ,research and ,development programs1 including-- 7i7 ,fire ,research and ,safety2 7ii7 ,propulsion and ,fuel ,systems2 7iii7 ,advanced ,materials_/,structural ,safety2 7iv7 ,aircraft ,icing_/,digital ,system ,safety2 7v7 ,continued ,airworthiness2 7vi7 ,aircraft ,catastrophic ,failure ,prevention ,research2 7vii7 ,flightdeck_/,maintenance_/,system ,integration ,human ,factors2 7viii7 ,system ,safety ,management2 7ix7 ,air ,traffic ,control_/,technical ,operations ,human ,factors2 7x7 ,aeromedical ,research2 7xi7 ,weather ,program2 7xii7 ,unmanned ,aircraft ,systems ,research2 7xiii7 ,next,gen-,alternative ,fuels for ,general ,aviation2 7xiv7 ,joint ,planning and ,development ,office2 7xv7 ,ocean and ,other ,remote ,locations ,,ats ,research ,program2 7xvi7 ,cybersecurity ,research ,program2 7xvii7 ,cybersecurity ,threat ,modeling ,program2 7xviii7 ,single ,piloted ,commercial ,cargo ,aircraft ,program2 and 7xix7 ,,uav-,manned ,aircraft ,collision ,research ,program2 7,b7 #bf1jjj1jjj for ,economic ,competitiveness ,research and ,development programs1 including-- 7i7 ,next,gen-,wake ,turbulence2 7ii7 ,next,gen-,air ,ground ,integration ,human ,factors2 7iii7 ,next ,gen-,weather ,technology in the ,cockpit2 and 7iv7 ,commercial ,space ,transportation ,safety2 7,c7 #bj1jjj1jjj for ,environmental ,sustainability ,research and ,development programs1 including-- 7i7 ,environment and ,energy2 and 7ii7 ,next,gen-,environmental ,research-,aircraft ,technologies1 ,fuels and ,metrics2 and 7,d7 #f1ejj1jjj for ,mission ,support programs1 including-- 7i7 ,system ,planning and ,resource ,management2 and 7ii7 ,william ,j4 ,hughes ,technical ,center ,laboratory ,facility2 7#aa7 for fiscal year #bjai1 #ahf1jjj1jjj1 including-- 7,a7 #aca1jjj1jjj for ,safety ,research and ,development programs1 including-- 7i7 ,fire ,research and ,safety2 7ii7 ,propulsion and ,fuel ,systems2 7iii7 ,advanced ,materials_/,structural ,safety2 7iv7 ,aircraft ,icing_/,digital ,system ,safety2 7v7 ,continued ,airworthiness2 7vi7 ,aircraft ,catastrophic ,failure ,prevention ,research2 7vii7 ,flightdeck_/,maintenance_/,system ,integration ,human ,factors2 7viii7 ,system ,safety ,management2 7ix7 ,air ,traffic ,control_/,technical ,operations ,human ,factors2 7x7 ,aeromedical ,research2 7xi7 ,weather ,program2 7xii7 ,unmanned ,aircraft ,systems ,research2 7xiii7 ,next,gen-,alternative ,fuels for ,general ,aviation2 7xiv7 ,joint ,planning and ,development ,office2 7xv7 ,ocean and ,other ,remote ,locations ,,ats ,research ,program2 7xvi7 ,cybersecurity ,research ,program2 7xvii7 ,cybersecurity ,threat ,modeling ,program2 7xviii7 ,single ,piloted ,commercial ,cargo ,aircraft ,program2 and 7xix7 ,,uav-,manned ,aircraft ,collision ,research ,program2 7,b7 #bh1jjj1jjj for ,economic ,competitiveness ,research and ,development programs1 including-- 7i7 ,next,gen-,wake ,turbulence2 7ii7 ,next,gen-,air ,ground ,integration ,human ,factors2 7iii7 ,next ,gen-,weather ,technology in the ,cockpit2 and 7iv7 ,commercial ,space ,transportation ,safety2 7,c7 #bj1jjj1jjj for ,environmental ,sustainability ,research and ,development programs1 including-- 7i7 ,environment and ,energy2 and 7ii7 ,next,gen-,environmental ,research-,aircraft ,technologies1 ,fuels and ,metrics2 and 7,d7 #g1jjj1jjj for ,mission ,support programs1 including-- 7i7 ,system ,planning and ,resource ,management2 and 7ii7 ,william ,j4 ,hughes ,technical ,center ,laboratory ,facility2 7#ab7 for fiscal year #bjbj1 #aij1jjj1jjj1 including-- 7,a7 #acc1ejj1jjj for ,safety ,research and ,development programs1 including-- 7i7 ,fire ,research and ,safety2 7ii7 ,propulsion and ,fuel ,systems2 7iii7 ,advanced ,materials_/,structural ,safety2 7iv7 ,aircraft ,icing_/,digital ,system ,safety2 7v7 ,continued ,airworthiness2 7vi7 ,aircraft ,catastrophic ,failure ,prevention ,research2 7vii7 ,flightdeck_/,maintenance_/,system ,integration ,human ,factors2 7viii7 ,system ,safety ,management2 7ix7 ,air ,traffic ,control_/,technical ,operations ,human ,factors2 7x7 ,aeromedical ,research2 7xi7 ,weather ,program2 7xii7 ,unmanned ,aircraft ,systems ,research2 7xiii7 ,next,gen-,alternative ,fuels for ,general ,aviation2 7xiv7 ,joint ,planning and ,development ,office2 7xv7 ,ocean and ,other ,remote ,locations ,,ats ,research ,program2 7xvi7 ,cybersecurity ,research ,program2 7xvii7 ,cybersecurity ,threat ,modeling ,program2 7xviii7 ,single ,piloted ,commercial ,cargo ,aircraft ,program2 and 7xix7 ,,uav-,manned ,aircraft ,collision ,research ,program2 7,b7 #bi1jjj1jjj for ,economic ,competitiveness ,research and ,development programs1 including-- 7i7 ,next,gen-,wake ,turbulence2 7ii7 ,next,gen-,air ,ground ,integration ,human ,factors2 7iii7 ,next ,gen-,weather ,technology in the ,cockpit2 and 7iv7 ,commercial ,space ,transportation ,safety2 7,c7 #bj1jjj1jjj for ,environmental ,sustainability ,research and ,development programs1 including-- 7i7 ,environment and ,energy2 and 7ii7 ,next,gen-,environmental ,research-,aircraft ,technologies1 ,fuels and ,metrics2 and 7,d7 #g1ejj1jjj for ,mission ,support programs1 including-- 7i7 ,system ,planning and ,resource ,management2 and 7ii7 ,william ,j4 ,hughes ,technical ,center ,laboratory ,facility2 7#ac7 for fiscal year #bjba1 #abf1jjj1jjj2 7#ad7 for fiscal year #bjbb1 #acj1jjj1jjj2 and 7#ae7 for fiscal year #bjbc1 #acb1jjj1jjj4 4 7b7 ,contingency funding ,section #dhajb7;b7 of title #di1 ,united ,states1 ,code1 is amended by inserting after paragraph 7#c7 the following3 7#d7 ,notwithstanding subsection 7a71 no funds are authorized for a fiscal year for ,environmental ,sustainability ,research and ,development programs unless the full amount authorized for that fiscal year under subsection 7a7 for the all of the following programs is appropriated for that fiscal year3 7,a7 ,safety ,research and ,development programs4 7,b7 ,economic ,competitiveness ,research and ,development programs4 7,c7 ,mission ,support programs4 4 7c7 ,annual submission of the ,national ,aviation ,research ,plan ,section #dhajb7;g7 of title #di1 ,united ,states1 ,code1 is amended to read as follows3 7g7 ,annual submission of the ,national ,aviation ,research ,plan ,notwithstanding subsection 7a71 no funds are authorized to be appropriated for the ,office of the ,administrator for a fiscal year unless the ,secretary has submitted the ,national ,aviation ,research ,plan to ,congress no later than the date of submission of the ,president's budget request to ,congress for that fiscal year1 as required under section #ddeja7;c74 4 ,,ii ,,faa ,research and ,development ,organization #aa4 ,associate ,administrator for ,research and ,development 7a7 ,appointment ,not later than #c months after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator shall appoint an ,associate ,administrator for ,research and ,development4 7b7 ,senior ,executive ,service ,the ,associate ,administrator for ,research and ,development shall be a ,senior ,executive ,service position4 7c7 ,responsibilities ,the ,associate ,administrator for ,research and ,development shall1 at a minimum1 be responsible for-- 7#a7 management and oversight of all the ,,faa's research and development programs and activities2 and 7#b7 production of all congressional reports from the ,,faa relevant to research and development1 including the ,national ,aviation ,research ,plan4 7d7 ,dual appointment ,the ,associate ,administrator for ,research and ,development may be a dual appointment1 holding the responsibilities of another ,associate ,administrator4 #ab4 ,research advisory committee 7a7 ,advice and recommendations ,section #ddejh7;a77#a77;,a7 of title #di1 ,united ,states ,code1 is amended to read as follows3 7,a7 provide advice and recommendations to the ,administrator of the ,federal ,aviation ,administration and ,congress about needs1 objectives1 plans1 approaches1 content1 and accomplishments of all aviation research and development activities and programs carried out1 including those under sections #djaai1 #ddejd1 #ddeje1 #ddejg1 #ddeaa-ddeac1 and #ddiab of this title2 4 7b7 ,written reply to research advisory committee ,section #ddejh of title #di1 ,united ,states ,code1 is amended by adding at the end the following3 7f7 ,written reply 7#a7 ,in general ,not later than #fj days after receiving any recommendation from the research advisory committee1 the ,administrator shall provide a written reply to the research advisory committee that1 at a minimum-- 7,a7 clearly states whether the ,administrator accepts or rejects the recommendations2 7,b7 explains the rationale for the ,administrator's decision2 7,c7 sets forth the timeframe in which the ,administrator will implement the recommendation2 and 7,d7 describes the steps the ,administrator will take to implement the recommendation4 7#b7 ,transparency ,the written reply to the research advisory committee1 when transmitted to the research advisory committee1 shall be-- 7,a7 made publicly available on the research advisory committee website2 and 7,b7 transmitted to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate4 7#c7 ,national aviation research plan ,the ,national ,aviation ,research ,plan shall include a summary of all research advisory committee recommendations and a description of the status of their implementation4 4 #ac4 ,plan to determine research and development responsibility 7a7 ,plan ,not later than #ij days after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator1 in consultation with the ,research1 ,engineering1 and ,development ,advisory ,committee1 ,,nasa1 and other relevant agencies1 shall enter into an arrangement with an external independent systems engineering and technical assistance organization to develop a plan1 in the event that the national air traffic control system is required to be transferred to a non-,federal entity1 for the transition of ,,faa research and development activities to such entity4 7b7 ,plan contents ,at a minimum1 the plan developed pursuant to subsection 7a7 shall-- 7#a7 examine all ,,faa research and development activities1 regardless of the budget account funding such activities2 7#b7 take into account such required transfer of the national air traffic control system2 7#c7 recommend research and development activities that-- 7,a7 should be transferred to such non-,federal entity2 7,b7 should not be transferred to such non-,federal entity2 and 7,c7 should be shared between the ,,faa and such non-,federal entity2 7#d7 identify the necessary authorities that exist or are required to carry out the recommendations under paragraph 7#c72 7#e7 assess the pros and cons of transferring particular categories of research and development activities from the ,,faa to such non-,federal entity2 and 7#f7 take into account the safety of the national airspace system1 national security1 foreign policy1 and the economic interests of the ,united ,states4 7c7 ,report ,not later than #a year after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator shall submit the plan required under subsection 7a7 to-- 7#a7 the ,research1 ,engineering1 and ,development ,advisory ,committee2 and 7#b7 the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate4 7d7 ,advisory ,committee assessment ,not later than #f months after receiving the report under subsection 7c71 the ,research1 ,engineering1 and ,development ,advisory ,committee shall submit an assessment of the plan required under subsection 7a7 to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate4 ,,iii ,unmanned ,aircraft ,systems #ba4 ,unmanned aircraft systems research and development roadmap 7a7 ,amendments ,section #ccb7;a77#e7 of the ,,faa ,modernization and ,reform ,act of #bjab 7#di ,u4,s4,c4 #djaja note7 is amended-- 7#a7 by inserting 1 in coordination with ,,nasa and relevant stakeholders1 including those in industry and academia1 after ,web site2 and 7#b7 by inserting after annually4 the following3 ,the roadmap shall include1 at a minimum-- 7,a7 cost estimates1 planned schedules1 and performance benchmarks1 including specific tasks1 milestones1 and timelines for unmanned aircraft systems integration into the national airspace system1 including-- 7i7 the role of the #f unmanned aircraft systems test ranges established under subsection 7c7 and the ,unmanned ,aircraft ,systems ,center of ,excellence2 7ii7 performance and certification standards for unmanned aircraft systems that operate in the national airspace system2 and 7iii7 an identification of tools needed to assist air traffic controllers in managing unmanned aircraft systems in the national airspace system2 7,b7 a description of how the ,,faa plans to use research and development1 including research and development conducted through ,,nasa's ,unmanned ,aircraft ,systems ,traffic ,management1 to accommodate1 integrate1 and provide for the evolution of unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system2 7,c7 an assessment of critical performance abilities necessary to integrate unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system1 and how these performance abilities can be demonstrated2 and 7,d7 an update on the advancement of technologies needed to integrate unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system1 including decisionmaking by adaptive systems such as sense-and-avoid1 availability of frequency spectrum1 and cyber physical security4 4 7b7 ,limitation ,no funds are authorized to be appropriated for the ,office of the ,administrator for a fiscal year unless the ,secretary has submitted the unmanned aircraft systems roadmap to ,congress on an annual basis as required under section #ccb7;a7 of the ,,faa ,modernization and ,reform ,act of #bjab 7#di ,u4,s4,c4 #djaja note74 #bb4 ,probabilistic metrics for exemptions 7a7 ,study ,not later than #cj days after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator shall commission an independent study to-- 7#a7 develop parameters to conduct research and development for probabilistic metrics to enable the identification of hazards and the assessment of risks as necessary to make determinations under section #ccc7;a7 of the ,,faa ,modernization and ,reform ,act of #bjab 7#di ,u4,s4,c4 #djaja note7 that certain unmanned aircraft systems may operate safely in the national airspace system2 7#b7 identify additional research needed to more effectively develop and use such metrics and make such determinations2 and 7#c7 in developing parameters for probabilistic metrics1 this study shall take into account the utility of performance standards to make determinations under section #ccc7;a7 of the ,,faa ,modernization and ,reform ,act of #bjab4 7b7 ,consideration of results ,the ,administrator shall consider the results of the study conducted under subsection 7a7 when making a determination described in subsection 7a77#a74 7c7 ,report ,not later than #i months after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator shall transmit the results of the study conducted under subsection 7a7 to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate4 #bc4 ,probabilistic assessment of risks ,the ,administrator shall conduct research and development to enable a probabilistic assessment of risks to inform requirements for standards for operational certification of public unmanned aircraft systems in the national airspace4 #bd4 ,unmanned aerial vehicle-manned aircraft collision research 7a7 ,research ,the ,administrator shall coordinate with ,,nasa to conduct comprehensive testing of unmanned aerial vehicles colliding with a manned aircraft1 including-- 7#a7 collisions between unmanned aerial vehicles of various sizes1 traveling at various speeds1 and commercial jet airliners of various sizes1 traveling at various speeds2 7#b7 collisions between unmanned aerial vehicles of various sizes1 traveling at various speeds1 and propeller planes of various sizes1 traveling at various speeds2 7#c7 collisions between unmanned aerial vehicles of various sizes1 traveling at various speeds1 and blimps of various sizes1 traveling at various speeds2 7#d7 collisions between unmanned aerial vehicles of various sizes1 traveling at various speeds1 and rotorcraft of various sizes1 traveling at various speeds2 and 7#e7 collisions between unmanned aerial vehicles and various parts of the aforementioned aircraft1 including-- 7,a7 windshields2 7,b7 noses2 7,c7 engines2 7,d7 radomes2 7,e7 propellers2 and 7,f7 wings4 7b7 ,report ,not later than one year after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator shall transmit a report summarizing the costs and results of research under this section to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate4 #be4 ,special rule for research and development ,except as necessary to support enforcement action under applicable provisions of law against persons operating unmanned aircraft in a manner that endangers the safety of the national airspace system1 notwithstanding any other provision of law relating to the incorporation of unmanned aircraft systems into ,,faa plans and policies1 the ,administrator may not promulgate any rule or regulation regarding the operation of an unmanned aircraft system-- 7#a7 that is flown strictly for research and development use2 7#b7 that is operated less than #djj feet above the ground and in ,class ,g airspace2 7#c7 that is operated in a manner that does not interfere with and gives way to any manned aircraft2 and 7#d7 when flown within #e miles of an airport1 the operator of the aircraft provides the airport operator and the airport air traffic control tower 7when an air traffic facility is located at the airport7 with prior notice of the operation 7unmanned aircraft operators flying from a permanent location within #e miles of an airport should establish a mutually agreed upon operating procedure with the airport operator and the airport air traffic control tower 7when an air traffic facility is located at the airport774 #bf4 ,beyond line-of-sight research and development 7a7 ,amendments ,section #ccb7;c77#b7 of the ,,faa ,modernization and ,reform ,act of #bjab 7#di ,u4,s4,c4 #djaja note7 is amended-- 7#a7 by striking ,administrator shall and inserting ,administrator2 7#b7 at the beginning of each of subparagraphs 7,a7 through 7,f71 by inserting shall2 7#c7 at the end of subparagraph 7,e71 by striking and2 7#d7 at the end of subparagraph 7,f71 by striking the period and inserting a semicolon2 and 7#e7 by adding at the end the following new subparagraphs3 7,g7 shall allow beyond line-of-sight operation of unmanned aircraft systems to be flown within the boundaries of a test range established under this subsection2 7,h7 may promulgate regulations governing beyond line-of-sight operation of unmanned aircraft systems flown within the boundaries of a test range established under this subsection for the purposes of public safety2 and 7,i7 shall allow ,,nasa to authorize operation of beyond line-of-sight unmanned aircraft systems within the boundaries of any ,,nasa center or facility4 4 7b7 ,statutory construction ,nothing in the amendments made by subsection 7a7 shall be construed to limit the authority of the ,administrator to pursue enforcement action under applicable provisions of law against persons operating unmanned aircraft in a manner that endangers the safety of the national airspace system4 ,,iv ,cybersecurity #ca4 ,cyber ,testbed ,not later than #f months after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator shall develop an integrated ,cyber ,testbed for research1 development1 evaluation1 and validation of air traffic control modernization programs or technologies1 before they enter the national airspace system1 as being compliant with ,,faa data security regulations4 ,the ,cyber ,testbed shall be part of an integrated research and development test environment capable of creating1 identifying1 defending1 and solving cybersecurity-related problems for the national airspace system4 ,this integrated test environment shall incorporate integrated test capacities within the ,,faa related to the national airspace system and ,next,gen4 #cb4 ,cabin communications1 entertainment1 and information technology systems cybersecurity vulnerabilities 7a7 ,evaluation ,the ,administrator shall evaluate and determine the research and development needs associated with cybersecurity vulnerabilities of cabin communications1 entertainment1 and information technology systems on civil passenger aircraft4 ,this evaluation shall include research and development to address-- 7#a7 technical risks and vulnerabilities2 7#b7 potential impacts on the national airspace and public safety2 and 7#c7 identification of deficiencies in cabin-based cybersecurity4 7b7 ,assessment ,the ,administrator shall-- 7#a7 conduct an assessment of opportunities to cooperate with the private sector in conducting aircraft in-cabin cybersecurity research and development2 and 7#b7 provide recommendations to improve research and development on cabin-based cybersecurity vulnerabilities4 7c7 ,report ,not later than #i months after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator shall transmit a report on the results of activities under this section to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate4 ,this report may contain classified annexes4 #cc4 ,cybersecurity threat modeling 7a7 ,program 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,administrator shall consult the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology to research and develop an internal ,,faa cybersecurity threat modeling program to detect cybersecurity vulnerabilities1 track how those vulnerabilities might be exploited1 and assess the magnitude of harm that could be caused by the exploitation of those vulnerabilities4 7#b7 ,updates ,this program shall be updated regularly1 not less than once every #e years4 7b7 ,report ,not later than one year after the date of enactment of this ,act1 and within #g days of each threat modeling program update under subsection 7a77#b71 the ,administrator shall transmit a report to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate detailing the status1 results1 and composition of the threat modeling program4 #cd4 ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology cybersecurity standards ,not later than #f months after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,,faa shall1 in consultation with the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology1 transmit to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate a report that includes-- 7#a7 a cybersecurity standards plan to implement ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology revisions to cybersecurity guidance documents within timeframes set by the ,office of ,management and ,budget2 and 7#b7 an explanation of why any such recommendations are not incorporated in the plan or are not incorporated within such timeframes4 #ce4 ,cybersecurity research coordination ,the ,administrator shall1 where feasible1 cooperate on cybersecurity research and development with other international air traffic management organizations1 including the ,european ,aviation ,safety ,agency1 the ,united ,kingdom ,civil ,aviation ,authority1 ,nav ,canada1 and ,airservices ,australia4 #cf4 ,cybersecurity research and development program 7a7 ,establishment ,not later than #f months after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,,faa1 in consultation with other agencies as appropriate1 shall establish a research and development program to improve the cybersecurity of civil aircraft and the national airspace system4 7b7 ,plan 7#a7 ,in general ,not later than #a year after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,,faa shall develop a plan for the research and development program established under subsection 7a7 that contains objectives1 proposed tasks1 milestones1 and a #e-year budgetary profile4 7#b7 ,national ,academies' study ,the ,administrator shall-- 7,a7 enter into an arrangement with the ,national ,academies for a study of the plan developed under paragraph 7#a72 and 7,b7 provide the results of that study to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate not later than #ah months after the date of enactment of this ,act4 ,v ,,faa ,research and ,development ,activities #da4 ,research plan for the certification of new technologies into the national airspace system ,not later than #a year after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator1 in consultation with ,,nasa1 shall transmit a comprehensive research plan for the certification of new technologies into the national airspace system to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate4 ,this plan shall identify research necessary to support the certification and implementation of ,next,gen1 including both ground and air elements1 and explain the plan's relationship to other activities and procedures required for certification and implementation of new technologies into the national airspace system4 ,this plan shall be informed by and conform to the recommendations of the ,national ,research ,council report titled ,transformation in the ,air--,a ,review of the ,,faa ,research ,plan1 issued on ,june #h1 #bjae4 ,this report shall include1 at a minimum-- 7#a7 a description of the strategic and prescriptive value of the research plan2 7#b7 an explanation of the expected outcomes from executing the plan2 7#c7 an assessment of the ,,faa's plan to use research and development to improve cybersecurity over the next #e years1 taking into account the cybersecurity research and development plan developed under section #cf7;b72 7#d7 an assessment of the current software assurance practices1 and the desired level or attributes to target in the software assurance program2 7#e7 cost estimates1 planned schedules1 and performance benchmarks1 including specific tasks1 milestones1 and timelines and including an identification of cost and schedule reserves1 for the certification of new technologies into the national airspace system1 including ,next,gen1 ,automatic ,dependent ,surveillance-,broadcast1 ,data ,communications1 ,national ,airspace ,system ,voice ,system1 ,collaborative ,air ,traffic ,management ,technologies1 ,next,gen ,weather1 and ,system ,wide ,information ,management2 7#f7 methods for integrating emerging technologies throughout ,next,gen's development1 certification1 and implementation process2 and 7#g7 best practices in research and development used by other organizations1 such as ,,nasa1 ,nav,canada1 and ,eurocontrol4 #db4 ,aviation fuel research1 development1 and usage ,the ,administrator may conduct or supervise research1 development1 and service testing1 currently being conducted under the ,piston ,aviation ,fuels ,initiative 7,,pafi7 unleaded avgas program1 that is required to allow the use of an unleaded aviation gasoline in existing aircraft as a replacement for leaded gasoline4 #dc4 ,air traffic surveillance over oceans and other remote locations 7a7 ,establishment of program ,the ,administrator1 in consultation with ,,nasa and other relevant agencies1 shall establish a research and development program on civilian air traffic surveillance over oceans and other remote locations4 ,such program shall-- 7#a7 take into account the need for international interoperability of technologies and air traffic control systems2 and 7#b7 recognize that ,automatic ,dependent ,surveillance-,broadcast 7,,ads-,b7 is an element of the ,next ,generation ,air ,transportation ,system4 7b7 ,pilot program ,the ,administrator shall establish a pilot program to test1 evaluate1 and certify for integration into the national airspace system air traffic surveillance equipment for oceans and other remote locations4 7c7 ,partnership with private industry ,the ,administrator shall partner with private industry on the research1 development1 testing1 and evaluation under this section4 7d7 ,report ,not later than #ah months after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator shall transmit a report on activities under this section to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate4 #dd4 ,single-piloted commercial cargo aircraft 7a7 ,program ,the ,,faa1 in consultation with ,,nasa and other relevant agencies1 shall establish a research and development program in support of single-piloted cargo aircraft assisted with remote piloting and computer piloting4 7b7 ,review ,the ,,faa1 in consultation with ,,nasa1 shall conduct a review of ,,faa research and development activities in support of single-piloted cargo aircraft assisted with remote piloting and computer piloting4 7c7 ,report ,not later than #f months after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,administrator shall transmit a report to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate that describes-- 7#a7 the program established under subsection 7a72 and 7#b7 the results of the review conducted under subsection 7b74 #de4 ,electromagnetic spectrum research and development ,the ,administrator shall develop a program to research the use of spectrum in the civil aviation domain1 including aircraft and unmanned aircraft systems4 ,this research shall1 at a minimum1 address-- 7#a7 how1 operating within an ,unmanned ,aircraft ,system ,traffic ,management system1 unmanned aircraft systems can safely use1 for control link1 tracking1 diagnostics1 payload communication1 collaborative-collision avoidance 7e4g4 vehicle-to-vehicle communications71 and other purposes-- 7,a7 aviation-protected spectrum2 7,b7 commercial communications networks1 such as mobile communications networks2 and 7,c7 any other licensed or unlicensed spectrum2 7#b7 how the reallocation of spectrum assigned for use within frequency bands adjacent to those allocated for position1 navigation1 and timing may impact the safety of civil aviation2 and 7#c7 measures to protect and mitigate against spectrum interference in frequency bands used by the civil aviation community to ensure public safety4