,i  #aae? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #cjeg  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,june #bf1 #bjag ,mr4 
,bey] 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,rask91 & ,mr4   
,khanna7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 
ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y1 &
 9 addition to ! ,committee on ,h\se    
,adm9i/ration1 = a p]iod to be          
subsequ5tly det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* 
case = consid]ation ( su* provisions z  
fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! committee    
conc]n$  ,a ,,bill  ,to e/abli% ! use ( 
rank$ *oice vot+ 9 elections =          
,repres5tatives 9 ,congress1 to require 
ea* ,/ate ) m ?an "o ,repres5tative to  
e/abli% multi-memb] ,congressional      
di/ricts1 to require ,/ates to conduct  
,congressional r$i/rict+ ?r\gh indep5d5t
 commissions1 & = o!r purposes4  #a4    
,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts  7a7 ,%ort 
,title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,fair  
,repres5tation ,act4  7b7 ,table (      
,cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts ( ?is ,act  
is z foll[s3  ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort title2    
table ( cont5ts4 ,sec4 #b4 ,f9d+ (      

,con/itutional au?ority4 ,title         
,i--,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+ ,sec4 #aja4     
,requir+ rank$ *oice vot+ = election (  
,repres5tatives4  ,subtitle ,c--,rank$  
,*oice ,vot+ ,"p #a--,requir+ ,rank$    
,*oice ,vot+ = ,election (              
,repres5tatives ,sec4 #cba4 ,requir+    
rank$ *oice vot+ = election (           
,repres5tatives4 ,sec4 #cbb4            
,application to ,di/rict ( ,columbia &  
,t]ritories4 ,sec4 #cbc4 ,treatm5t (    
,/ates n hold+ prim>y elections prior to
 date ( g5]al election4 ,"p             
#b--,tabulation ,process ,sec4 #cca4    
,tabulation = s+le-seat ,congressional  
elections4 ,sec4 #ccb4 ,tabulation =    
multi-seat ,congressional elections4    
,sec4 #ccc4 ,exclusion ( inactive       
ballots4 ,sec4 #ccd4 ,treatm5t ( ties   
betwe5 c&idates4 ,"p #c--,paym5ts to    
,/ates ,to ,implem5t ,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+
 ,sec4 #cda4 ,paym5ts to ,/ates to      
implem5t rank$ *oice vot+4 ,sec4 #ajb4  
,applicability ( en=cem5t provisions (  
,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb4 ,sec4 

#ajc4 ,effective date4 ,title           
,,ii--,multi-,memb] ,di/ricts ,sec4     
#bja4 ,requir+ use ( multi-memb]        
di/ricts 9 c]ta9 ,/ates4 ,sec4 #bjb4    
,requir+ c]ta9 ,/ates to elect all      
,repres5tatives at l>ge4 ,sec4 #bjc4    
,e/abli%+ m9imum numb] ( c&idates 9     
g5]al election4 ,sec4 #bjd4 ,con=m+     
am5dm5ts4 ,sec4 #bje4 ,effective date4  
,title ,,iii--,requirem5ts =            
,congressional ,r$i/rict+ ,subtitle     
,a--,g5]al ,requirem5ts ,sec4 #cja4     
,limit on ,congressional r$i/rict+ aft] 
an apportionm5t4 ,sec4 #cjb4 ,requir+   
,congressional r$i/rict+ to be conduct$ 
?r\gh plan ( indep5d5t ,/ate commission4
 ,subtitle ,b--,indep5d5t ,r$i/rict+    
,commissions ,sec4 #caa4 ,indep5d5t     
r$i/rict+ commission4 ,sec4 #cab4       
,e/abli%m5t ( selection pool (          
individuals eligible to s]ve z memb]s ( 
commission4 ,sec4 #cac4 ,crit]ia =      
r$i/rict+ plan by indep5d5t commission2 
public notice & input4 ,sec4 #cad4      
,e/abli%m5t ( relat$ entities4 ,subtitle

 ,c--,role ( ,c\rts 9 ,developm5t (     
,r$i/rict+ ,plans ,sec4 #cba4 ,enactm5t 
( plan develop$ by #c-;judge c\rt4 ,sec4
 #cbb4 ,special rule = r$i/rict+        
conduct$ "u ord] ( ,f$]al c\rt4         
,subtitle ,d--,adm9i/rative &           
,miscellane\s ,provisions ,sec4 #cca4   
,paym5ts to ,/ates = c>ry+ out          
r$i/rict+4 ,sec4 #ccb4 ,civil en=cem5t4 
,sec4 #ccc4 ,/ate apportionm5t notice   
def9$4 ,title ,,iv--,g5]al ,provisions  
,sec4 #dja4 ,no effect on elections =   
,/ate & local (fice4 ,sec4 #djb4        
,sev]ability4 ,sec4 #djc4 ,effective    
date4  #b4 ,f9d+ ( ,con/itutional       
au?ority ,congress f9ds t x has !       
au?ority to e/abli% ! t]ms & conditions 
,/ates mu/ foll[ 9 c>ry+ out            
,congressional r$i/rict+ aft] an        
apportionm5t ( ,memb]s ( ! ,h\se (      
,repres5tatives & 9 adm9i/]+ elections =
 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives because--    
7#a7 ! au?ority grant$ to ,congress "u  
article ,i1 section #d ( ! ,con/itution 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates gives ,congress ! p[] 

to enact laws gov]n+ ! "t1 place1 &     
mann] ( elections = ,memb]s ( ! ,h\se ( 
,repres5tatives2 &  7#b7 ! au?ority     
grant$ to ,congress "u section #e ( !   
f\rte5? am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution gives 
,congress ! p[] to enact laws to en=ce  
section #b ( su* am5dm5t1 :i* requires  
,repres5tatives to be apportion$ among !
 sev]al ,/ates accord+ to _! numb]4  ,i 
,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+  #aja4 ,requir+     
rank$ *oice vot+ = election (           
,repres5tatives  7a7 ,9 ,g5]al ,title   
,,iii ( ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act (    
#bjja 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bajha et seq47 is 
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new     
subtitle3  ,c ,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+  #a   
,requir+ ,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+ = ,election
 ( ,repres5tatives  #cba4 ,requir+ rank$
 *oice vot+ = election ( ,repres5tatives
  7a7 ,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+ ,ea* ,/ate    
%all c>ry out elections = ! (fice (     
,repres5tative 9 ,congress1 includ+     
prim>y1 special1 & run(f elections = su*
 (fice1 us+ a sy/em ( rank$ *oice vot+  
"u :i* ea* vot] %all rank ! c&idates = !

 (fice 9 ! ord] ( ! vot]'s pref]5ce1 9  
accordance ) ?is title4  7b7 ,ballot    
,design ,ea* ,/ate %all ensure t !      
ballot us$ 9 an election c>ri$ out us+ a
 sy/em ( rank$ *oice vot+ "u ?is title  
meets ea* ( ! foll[+ requirem5ts3  7#a7 
,! ballot %all be simple & easy to      
und]/&4  7#b7 ,! ballot %all include all
 qualifi$ c&idates = ! election & 7to ! 
ext5t p]mitt$ "u ,/ate law7 options =   
vot]s to select write-9 c&idates4 ,if   
feasible1 ! ballot %all p]mit vot]s to  
rank e c&idate 9 ! election4 ,if x is n 
feasible = ! ballot to p]mit vot]s to   
rank e c&idate1 ! ,/ate may limit !     
numb] ( c&idates :o may be rank$ on !   
ballot to n few] ?an #f4  7#c7 ,! ballot
 %all include su* in/ructions z ! ,/ate 
consid]s necess>y to enable ! vot] to   
rank c&idates & successfully ca/ !      
ballot "u ! sy/em4  #cbb4 ,application  
to ,di/rict ( ,columbia & ,t]ritories   
7a7 ,election ( ,delegates & ,resid5t   
,commission] ,9 ?is subtitle1 ! t]m     
,repres5tative includes a ,delegate or  

,resid5t ,commission] to ! ,congress4   
7b7 ,application to ,nor!rn ,m>iana     
,isl&s ,?is subtitle %all apply )       
respect to ! ,commonweal? ( ! ,nor!rn   
,m>iana ,isl&s 9 ! same mann] z ?is     
subtitle applies to a ,/ate4  #cbc4     
,treatm5t ( ,/ates n hold+ prim>y       
elections prior to date ( g5]al election
 ,no?+ 9 ?is title %all be con/ru$ to   
require a ,/ate to hold a prim>y        
election = ! (fice ( ,repres5tative 9   
,congress prior to ! date e/abli%$ "u   
section #be ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes ( !    
,unit$ ,/ates 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #g7 = !     
regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al election = su*    
(fice1 s long z ! det]m9ation ( !       
c&idates :o are elect$ to su* (fice is  
bas$ solely on ! votes ca/ ) respect to 
! election held on su* date1 z det]m9$ 9
 accordance ) ! sy/em ( rank$ *oice vot+
 "u ?is title4  #b ,tabulation ,process 
#cca4 ,tabulation = s+le-seat           
,congressional elections  7a7 ,9 ,g5]al 
7#a7 ,det]m9ation ( c&idate's numb] (   
votes ,9 a s+le-seat election1 ! numb] (

 votes receiv$ by a c&idate %all be     
equal to ! sum (-- 7,a7 ! numb] (       
ballots ca/ 9 ! election on :i* !       
c&idate 0 ! highe/-rank$ c&idate2 &     
7,b7 ! numb] ( votes transf]r$ to !     
c&idate "u subsection 7b77#b74  7#b7    
,crit]ia = election ,9 ! case ( a       
s+le-seat election1 a c&idate %all be   
elect$ to ! (fice ( ,repres5tative 9    
,congress 7or1 9 ! case ( a prim>y      
election1 %all advance to ! g5]al       
election = su* (fice z provid$ "u ! law 
( ! ,/ate involv$7 if--  7,a7 ! c&idate 
receives a numb] ( votes great] ?an #ej 
p]c5t ( ! numb] ( ballots ca/ 9 !       
election2 or  7,b7 if ! election (ficial
 c>ries out an additional r\nd (        
tabulation "u subsection 7b71 ! c&idate 
receives ! greate/ numb] ( votes ( ! #b 
rema9+ cont9u+ c&idates 7z describ$ 9   
su* subsection74  7b7 ,process 9 ,case  
no ,c&idate ,elect$ ,"u ,initial        
,tabulation  7#a7 ,additional r\nds (   
tabulation ,if1 "u ! initial tabulation 
( ballots 9 a s+le-seat election1 no    

c&idate is elect$ to (fice 7or1 9 ! case
 ( a prim>y election1 no c&idate        
advances to ! g5]al election = su*      
(fice7 "u ! crit]ia describ$ 9          
subsection 7a77#b77;,a71 ! election     
(ficial %all c>ry out additional r\nds (
 tabulation 9 accordance ) p>agraph 7#b7
 until only #b cont9u+ c&idates rema94  
7#b7 ,treatm5t ( ballots 9 additional   
r\nds ,9 ea* additional r\nd (          
tabulation c>ri$ out "u ?is subsection--
  7,a7 ! c&idate receiv+ ! fewe/ numb] (
 votes among all c&idates 7or1 9 ! case 
( a ,/ate :i* applies bat* elim9ation "u
 p>agraph 7#c71 ea* c&idate 9 ! bat*    
elim9ation gr\p7 %all be treat$ z a     
defeat$ c&idate2  7,b7 = ea* ballot ca/ 
= a defeat$ c&idate1 ! election (ficial 
%all det]m9e ! highe/-rank$ c&idate on !
 ballot :o is a cont9u+ c&idate2 &  7,c7
 ! vote ca/ on ! ballot %all be         
transf]r$ to1 & add$ to ! total numb] ( 
votes receiv$ by1 ! highe/-rank$ cont9u+
 c&idate det]m9$ "u subp>agraph 7,b74   
7#c7 ,p]mitt+ ,/ate to use bat*         

elim9ation to det]m9e multiple defeat$  
c&idates ,at ! option ( ! ,/ate1 )      
respect to any additional r\nd (        
tabulation c>ri$ out "u ?is subsection1 
a ,/ate may use bat* elim9ation to treat
 multiple c&idates z defeat$ c&idates = 
purposes ( p>agraph 7#b7 if su* c&idates
 may be plac$ 9 a bat* elim9ation gr\p  
describ$ z foll[s3  7,a7 ,if a c&idate  
is 9 ! gr\p1 ! gr\p includes ea* c&idate
 :o has receiv$ a total numb] ( votes   
:i* is less ?an or equal to ! total     
numb] ( votes receiv$ by ! c&idate4     
7,b7 ,! total numb] ( votes receiv$ by  
all c&idates 9 ! gr\p is less ?an !     
numb] ( votes receiv$ by any c&idate :o 
is n 9 ! gr\p4  7,c7 ,at lea/ #b        
c&idates are n 9 ! gr\p4  7c7           
,def9itions ,9 ?is section--  7#a7 ! t]m
 cont9u+ c&idate means1 ) respect to an 
additional r\nd ( tabulation conduct$ "u
 subsection 7b71 a c&idate :o is n      
treat$ z a defeat$ c&idate dur+ !       
tabulation ( ballots "u ?is section2 &  
7#b7 ! t]m s+le-seat election means--   

7,a7 a g5]al election 9 :i* "o          
,repres5tative %all be elect$2 or  7,b7 
a prim>y election 9 :i* "o c&idate %all 
advance to ! g5]al election4  #ccb4     
,tabulation = multi-seat ,congressional 
elections  7a7 ,9 ,g5]al  7#a7          
,det]m9ation ( c&idate's numb] ( votes  
,9 ! case ( a multi-seat election1 !    
numb] ( votes receiv$ by a c&idate %all 
be equal to ! sum (-- 7,a7 ! numb] (    
ballots ca/ 9 ! election on :i* !       
c&idate 0 ! highe/-rank$ c&idate1 bas$  
on ! initial tabulation ( ballots2 &    
7,b7 ! numb] ( votes transf]r$ & add$ ) 
respect to ! c&idate "u subsection 7b74 
7#b7 ,crit]ia = election ,9 ! case ( a  
multi-seat election1 a c&idate %all be  
consid]$ to be a w9n+ c&idate & %all be 
elect$ to "o ( ! (fices ( ,repres5tative
 9 ! ,congressional di/rict 7or1 9 !    
case ( a prim>y election1 %all advance  
to ! g5]al election = su* (fices z      
provid$ "u ! law ( ! ,/ate involv$7 if--
  7,a7 ! c&idate receives a numb] (     
votes great] ?an ! multi-seat election  

?re%old1 z det]m9$ "u ?is section2 or   
7,b7 ! c&idate is a cont9u+ c&idate & ! 
total numb] ( w9n+ & cont9u+ c&idates is
 equal to or less ?an ! requir$ numb] ( 
w9n+ c&idates ) respect to ! election4  
7b7 ,process 9 ,case ( ,insuffici5t     
,numb] ( ,w9n+ ,c&idates  7#a7          
,additional r\nds ( tabulation  7,a7 ,9 
g5]al ,if "u ! initial tabulation (     
ballots 9 a multi-seat election1 ! numb]
 ( w9n+ c&idates is less ?an ! requir$  
numb] ( w9n+ c&idates ) respect to !    
election & !re is at lea/ "o cont9u+    
c&idate1 ! election (ficial %all c>ry   
out additional r\nds ( tabulation 9     
accordance ) ?is subsection until !     
numb] ( w9n+ c&idates is equal to su*   
requir$ numb] ( w9n+ c&idates4  7,b7    
,additional r\nds describ$ ,! additional
 r\nds ( tabulation "u ?is subsection   
are z foll[s3  7i7 ,surplus vote        
tabulation r\nds "u :i* surplus votes   
ca/ = w9n+ c&idates are transf]r$ to o!r
 c&idates1 z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b74  
7ii7 ,c&idate elim9ation r\nds "u :i*   

votes ca/ = defeat$ c&idates are        
transf]r$ to o!r c&idates1 z describ$ 9 
p>agraph 7#c74  7#b7 ,surplus vote      
tabulation r\nds  7,a7 ,transf] (       
p]c5tage ( w9n+ c&idate's votes to      
next-highe/ rank$ c&idate ,"u a surplus 
vote tabulation r\nd c>ri$ out "u ?is   
p>agraph1 ! election (ficial %all       
transf] to1 & add to ! total numb] (    
votes receiv$ by1 ea* cont9u+ c&idate a 
numb] ( votes equal to ! product (-- 7i7
 ! surplus vote allocation p]c5tage = ! 
w9n+ c&idate :o has receiv$ ! greate/   
numb] ( votes z ( ! beg9n+ ( ! surplus  
vote tabulation r\nd 7z det]m9$ "u      
subp>agraph 7,b771 exclud+ any c&idate f
 :om surplus votes h be5 transf]r$ 9 any
 previ\s surplus vote tabulation r\nd "u
 ?is p>agraph2 &  7ii7 ! numb] ( ballots
 ca/ = su* w9n+ c&idate on :i* su*      
cont9u+ c&idate 0 ! highe/-rank$ cont9u+
 c&idate1 z det]m9$ by ! election       
(ficial4  7,b7 ,det]m9ation ( numb] (   
votes receiv$ by c&idate z ( beg9n+ (   
r\nd ,= purposes ( clause 7i7 (         

subp>agraph 7,a71 ! numb] ( votes       
receiv$ by a c&idate z ( ! beg9n+ ( a   
surplus vote tabulation r\nd "u ?is     
p>agraph %all be det]m9$ by tak+ into   
acc\nt--  7i7 ! transf] ( surplus votes 
to ! c&idate 9 a previ\s surplus        
tabulation r\nd "u ?is p>agraph 7if     
any71 &  7ii7 ! transf] ( votes to !    
c&idate 9 a c&idate elim9ation r\nd     
c>ri$ out "u p>agraph 7#c7 7if any74    
7,c7 ,"o-"t transf] ,aft] transf]r+     
votes ca/ ) respect to a w9n+ c&idate   
dur+ a surplus vote tabulation r\nd "u  
?is p>agraph1 ! election (ficial may n  
make any subsequ5t transf] ( any ( su*  
c&idate's votes dur+ any subsequ5t      
surplus vote tabulation r\nd "u ?is     
p>agraph4  7,d7 ,surplus vote allocation
 p]c5tage def9$ ,9 ?is p>agraph1 ! t]m  
surplus vote p]c5tage means1 ) respect  
to a w9n+ c&idate1 an am\nt 7express$ z 
a p]c5tage7 equal to--  7i7 ! diff]5ce  
betwe5 ! total numb] ( votes receiv$ by 
! c&idate1 z det]m9$ "u subsection      
7a77#a71 & ! multi-seat election        

?re%old2 divid$ by  7ii7 ! total numb] (
 votes receiv$ by ! c&idate1 z det]m9$  
"u subsection 7a77#a71  r\nd$ to #d     
decimal places4  7#c7 ,c&idate          
elim9ation r\nds  7,a7 ,transf] ( votes 
ca/ = elim9at$ c&idates ,subject to     
subp>agraph 7,c71 ! election (ficial    
%all c>ry out c&idate elim9ation r\nds  
"u ?is p>agraph z foll[s3 7i7 ,! c&idate
 receiv+ ! fewe/ numb] ( votes among all
 c&idates z ( ! beg9n+ ( ! r\nd1 aft]   
tak+ into acc\nt ! transf] ( surplus    
votes 9 any surplus vote tabulation r\nd
 c>ri$ out "u p>agraph 7#b7 & ! transf] 
( votes ca/ = defeat$ c&idates "u any   
previ\s c&idate elim9ation r\nd c>ri$   
out "u ?is p>agraph 7or1 9 ! case ( a   
,/ate :i* applies bat* elim9ation "u    
subp>agraph 7,b71 ea* c&idate 9 ! bat*  
elim9ation gr\p71 %all be treat$ z a    
defeat$ c&idate4  7ii7 ,= ea* ballot ca/
 = a defeat$ c&idate1 ! election (ficial
 %all det]m9e ! highe/-rank$ c&idate on 
! ballot :o is a cont9u+ c&idate4  7iii7
 ,! vote ca/ on ! ballot %all be        

transf]r$ to1 & add$ to ! total numb] ( 
votes receiv$ by1 ! highe/-rank$ cont9u+
 c&idate det]m9$ "u clause 7ii74  7,b7  
,p]mitt+ ,/ate to use bat* elim9ation to
 det]m9e multiple defeat$ c&idates ,at !
 option ( ! ,/ate1 ) respect to any     
c&idate elim9ation r\nd c>ri$ out "u ?is
 subsection1 a ,/ate may use bat*       
elim9ation to treat multiple c&idates z 
defeat$ c&idates = purposes (           
subp>agraph 7,a7 if su* c&idates may be 
plac$ 9 a bat* elim9ation gr\p describ$ 
z foll[s3 7i7 ,if a c&idate is 9 ! gr\p1
 ! gr\p includes ea* cont9u+ c&idate :o 
has receiv$ a total numb] ( votes 7aft] 
tak+ into acc\nt ! transf] ( surplus    
votes 9 any surplus vote tabulation r\nd
 c>ri$ out "u p>agraph 7#b7 & ! transf] 
( votes ca/ = defeat$ c&idates "u any   
previ\s c&idate elim9ation r\nd c>ri$   
out "u ?is p>agraph7 :i* is less ?an or 
equal to ! total numb] ( votes receiv$  
by ! c&idate 7aft] tak+ into acc\nt su* 
transf]74  7ii7 ,! total numb] ( votes  
receiv$ by all c&idates 9 ! gr\p 7aft]  

tak+ into acc\nt su* transf]s ( votes7  
is less ?an ! numb] ( votes receiv$ by  
any o!r cont9u+ c&idate 7aft] tak+ into 
acc\nt su* transf]74  7iii7 ,! total    
numb] ( votes receiv$ by all c&idates 9 
! gr\p 7aft] tak+ into acc\nt su*       
transf]s ( votes7 is less ?an !         
multi-seat election ?re%old4  7iv7 ,!   
numb] ( cont9u+ c&idates :o are n 9 !   
gr\p is equal to or great] ?an !        
diff]5ce betwe5 ! numb] ( c&idates :o h 
be5 elect$ to (fice "u ! crit]ia        
describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b7 & ! numb] 
( ,repres5tatives to be elect$ f !      
di/rict4  7,c7 ,c&idate elim9ation r\nd 
p]mitt$ only if no surplus vote         
tabulation r\nd possible ,! election    
(ficial may n c>ry out a c&idate        
elim9ation r\nd "u ?is p>agraph unless1 
z ( ! beg9n+ ( ! c&idate elim9ation     
r\nd1 !re are no w9n+ c&idates f :om    
surplus votes may be transf]r$ "u a     
surplus vote tabulation r\nd "u p>agraph
 7#b74  7c7 ,o!r ,def9itions ,9 ?is     
section-- 7#a7 ! t]m cont9u+ c&idate    

means1 ) respect to an additional r\nd (
 tabulation conduct$ "u subsection 7b71 
a c&idate :o is nei!r a w9n+ c&idate nor
 a c&idate :o is treat$ z a defeat$     
c&idate "u su* subsection dur+ !        
tabulation ( ballots "u ?is section2    
7#b7 ! requir$ numb] ( w9n+ c&idates )  
respect to an election means-- 7,a7 9 ! 
case ( a g5]al election1 ! numb] (      
,repres5tatives to be elect$ 9 !        
,congressional di/rict involv$1 or  7,b7
 9 ! case ( a prim>y election1 ! numb] (
 c&idates requir$ to advance to ! g5]al 
election = ! (fices ( ,repres5tatives z 
provid$ "u ! law ( ! ,/ate involv$2     
7#c7 ! t]m multi-seat election means--  
7,a7 a g5]al election 9 :i* m ?an "o    
,repres5tative %all be elect$1 or  7,b7 
a prim>y election 9 :i* m ?an "o c&idate
 %all advance to ! g5]al election 7)\t  
reg>d to ! numb] ( ,repres5tatives :o   
%all be elect$ 9 t g5]al election72     
7#d7 ! t]m multi-seat election ?re%old  
means1 ) respect to an election1 an     
am\nt equal to-- 7,a7 ! numb] ( ballots 

ca/ 9 ! election2 divid$ by  7,b7 ! sum 
( "o plus ! requir$ numb] ( w9n+        
c&idates requir$ ) respect to !         
election1  r\nd$ up to #d decimal       
places2 &  7#e7 ! t]m w9n+ c&idate means
 a c&idate :o 0 elect$ to (fice 7or1 9 !
 case ( a prim>y election1 :o advanc$ to
 ! g5]al election = su* (fice z provid$ 
"u ! law ( ! ,/ate involv$7 "u ! crit]ia
 describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b7 at any "t
 dur+ ! tabulation ( ballots "u ?is     
section4  #ccc4 ,exclusion ( inactive   
ballots  7a7 ,initial tabulation ,9 !   
initial tabulation ( ballots "u section 
#cca or section #ccb1 a ballot %all be  
treat$ z an inactive ballot1 & no vote  
on ! ballot %all be c\nt$ = any c&idate1
 if-- 7#a7 ! vot] does n rank any       
c&idates on ! ballot 9 ord] ( pref]5ce2 
7#b7 ! vot] ranks m ?an "o c&idate at ! 
highe/ ord] ( pref]5ce2 or  7#c7 ! vot] 
skips two consecutive num]ical rank+s   
prior to ! num]ical rank+ = ! c&idate ! 
vot] ranks at ! highe/ ord] ( pref]5ce4 
7b7 ,additional r\nds ( tabulation  7#a7

 ,s+le-seat elections ,9 any additional 
r\nd ( tabulation conduct$ ) respect to 
a s+le-seat election "u section         
#cca7;b71 if a vote ca/ = a defeat$     
c&idate is ca/ on an inactive ballot1 no
 vote on ! ballot may be transf]r$ to a 
cont9u+ c&idate "u section #cca7;b74    
7#b7 ,multi-seat elections ,9 any       
additional r\nd ( tabulation conduct$ ) 
respect to a multi-seat election "u     
section #ccb7;b7--  7,a7 if a vote ca/ =
 ! w9n+ c&idate is ca/ on an inactive   
ballot1 no portion ( ! surplus vote on  
su* ballot may be transf]r$ to a cont9u+
 c&idate "u any surplus vote tabulation 
r\nd describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 ( section 
#ccb7;b72 &  7,b7 if a vote ca/ = a     
defeat$ c&idate is ca/ on an inactive   
ballot1 ! vote may n be transf]r$ to any
 cont9u+ c&idate "u any c&idate         
elim9ation r\nd describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c7
 ( section #ccb7;b74  7#c7 ,inactive    
ballot def9$ ,9 ?is subsection1 ! t]m   
inactive ballot means1 ) respect to an  
additional r\nd ( tabulation "u section 

#cca or section #ccb-- 7,a7 a ballot on 
:i* ! vot] does n rank any ( ! cont9u+  
c&idates 9 ord] ( pref]5ce2  7,b7 a     
ballot on :i* ! vot] rank$ m ?an "o     
cont9u+ c&idate at ! highe/ ord] (      
pref]5ce2 or  7,c7 a ballot on :i* !    
vot] skips two or m consecutive num]ical
 rank+s prior to ! rank+ = ! cont9u+    
c&idate at ! highe/ ord] ( pref]5ce4    
#ccd4 ,treatm5t ( ties betwe5 c&idates  
7a7 ,e/abli%m5t ( r&om selection        
algori?m ,= ea* election =              
,repres5tative 9 ,congress1 !           
appropriate election (ficial %all       
e/abli% & publi% a r&om selection       
algori?m prior to ! tabulation ( ballots
 "u section #cca & section #ccb4  7b7   
,designation ( w9n+ c&idate ,if a tie   
occurs betwe5 c&idates ) ! greate/ numb]
 ( votes or ! fewe/ numb] ( votes at any
 po9t 9 ! tabulation ( ballots "u       
section #cca or section #ccb & !        
tabulation _c proce$ until ! tie is     
resolv$1 ! c&idate ^: "n is select$     
pursuant to ! r&om selection algori?m   

e/abli%$ = t r\nd "u subsection 7a7 %all
 be consid]$ to h ! greate/ numb] (     
votes among su* c&idates4  #c ,paym5ts  
to ,/ates ,to ,implem5t ,rank$ ,*oice   
,vot+  #cda4 ,paym5ts to ,/ates to      
implem5t rank$ *oice vot+  7a7 ,paym5ts 
,n lat] ?an ,june #a1 #bjba1 !          
,commission %all make a paym5t to !     
,/ate 9 an am\nt equal to-- 7#a7 9 !    
case ( ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 !        
,commonweal? ( ,pu]to ,rico1 ,am]ican   
,samoa1 ,guam1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,virg9   
,isl&s1 & ! ,commonweal? ( ! ,nor!rn    
,m>iana ,isl&s1 #a1ejj1jjj2 or  7#b7 9 !
 case ( any o!r ,/ate1 ! sum (          
#a1jjj1jjj & ! product (-- 7,a7 ! numb] 
( ,repres5tatives to :i* ! ,/ate is     
entitl$ "u ! reapportionm5t (           
,repres5tatives result+ f ! regul>      
dec5nial c5sus conduct$ dur+ #bjbj2 &   
7,b7 #ejj1jjj4  7b7 ,use ( ,funds ,a    
,/ate %all use ! paym5t made "u         
subsection 7a7 to implem5t rank$ *oice  
vot+ "u ?is subtitle & to o!rwise c>ry  
out elections = ,f$]al (fice 9 ! ,/ate4 

7c7 ,no ,effect on ,requirem5ts ,paym5ts
 ,! receipt or use ( ! paym5t made "u   
?is section %all n effect a ,/ate's     
eligibility = or use ( a requirem5ts    
paym5t made "u "p #a ( subtitle ,d (    
title ,,ii4  7d7 ,au?orization (        
,appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be 
appropriat$ su* sums z may be necess>y =
 paym5ts "u ?is section4  4  7b7        
,cl]ical ,am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts (  
su* ,act is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ( !  
item relat+ to title ,,iii ! foll[+3    
,subtitle ,c--,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+ ,"p   
#a--,requir+ ,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+ =      
,election ( ,repres5tatives ,sec4 #cba4 
,requir+ rank$ *oice vot+ = election (  
,repres5tatives4 ,sec4 #cbb4            
,application to ,di/rict ( ,columbia &  
,t]ritories4 ,sec4 #cbc4 ,treatm5t (    
,/ates n hold+ prim>y elections prior to
 date ( g5]al election4 ,"p             
#b--,tabulation ,process ,sec4 #cca4    
,tabulation = s+le-seat ,congressional  
elections4 ,sec4 #ccb4 ,tabulation =    
multi-seat ,congressional elections4    

,sec4 #ccc4 ,exclusion ( exhau/$        
ballots4 ,sec4 #ccd4 ,treatm5t ( ties   
betwe5 c&idates4 ,"p #c--,paym5ts to    
,/ates ,to ,implem5t ,rank$ ,*oice ,vot+
 ,sec4 #cda4 ,paym5ts to ,/ates to      
implem5t rank$ *oice vot+4  4  #ajb4    
,applicability ( en=cem5t provisions (  
,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb        
,section #dja ( ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote   
,act ( #bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #baaaa7 is  
am5d$ by /rik+ sections #cja1 #cjb1 &   
#cjc & ins]t+ title ,,iii4  #ajc4       
,effective date ,?is title & ! am5dm5ts 
made by ?is title %all apply ) respect  
to elections held pursuant to !         
reapportionm5t ( ,repres5tatives result+
 f ! regul> dec5nial c5sus conduct$ dur+
 #bjbj & all subsequ5t elections4  ,,ii 
,multi-,memb] ,di/ricts  #bja4 ,requir+ 
use ( multi-memb] di/ricts 9 c]ta9      
,/ates  7a7 ,rules = ,/ates ,) ,six or  
,m ,repres5tatives ,if a ,/ate is       
entitl$ to six or m ,repres5tatives 9   
,congress "u an apportionm5t made "u    
section #bb7;a7 ( ! ,act entitl$ ,an    

,act to provide = ! fifte5? & subsequ5t 
dec5nial c5suses & to provide = an      
apportionm5t ( ,repres5tatives 9        
,congress1 approv$ ,june #ah1 #aibi 7#b 
,u4,s4,c4 #b;a7a77--  7#a7 ! ,/ate %all 
e/abli% a numb] ( di/ricts = ! election 
( ,repres5tatives 9 ! ,/ate t is less   
?an ! numb] ( ,repres5tatives to :i* !  
,/ate is entitl$2 &  7#b7 ! ,/ate may n 
elect any ( its ,repres5tatives at l>ge4
  7b7 ,crit]ia = ,numb] ( ,di/ricts ,9  
e/abli%+ ! numb] ( di/ricts = ! ,/ate "u
 subsection 7a71 ! ,/ate %all foll[ !   
foll[+ crit]ia3 7#a7 ,! ,/ate %all      
ensure t di/ricts %all ea* h equal      
population p] ,repres5tative z ne>ly z  
practicable1 9 accordance ) !           
,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7#b7 ,!
 numb] ( ,repres5tatives to be elect$ f 
any di/rict may n be few] ?an #c or     
great] ?an #e4  #bjb4 ,requir+ c]ta9    
,/ates to elect all ,repres5tatives at  
l>ge ,if a ,/ate is entitl$ to #e or    
few] ,repres5tatives 9 ,congress "u an  
apportionm5t made "u section #bb7;a7 ( !

 ,act entitl$ ,an ,act to provide = !   
fifte5? & subsequ5t dec5nial c5suses &  
to provide = an apportionm5t (          
,repres5tatives 9 ,congress1 approv$    
,june #ah1 #aibi 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #b;a7a771
 ! ,/ate %all elect all su*             
,repres5tatives at l>ge4  #bjc4         
,e/abli%+ m9imum numb] ( c&idates 9     
g5]al election  7a7 ,/ates ,) ,p>tisan  
,nom9at+ ,prim>ies  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if1 9
 a prim>y election = ! (fice (          
,repres5tative1 ! id5tification & numb] 
( c&idates :o w advance to ! g5]al      
election = su* (fice is bas$ on !       
c&idates' political p>ty pref]5ces 7)\t 
reg>d to :e!r or n ! election is op5 or 
clos$ to vot]s on ! basis ( political   
p>ty pref]5ce71 ! ,/ate %all ensure t ! 
numb] ( c&idates 9 ! election :o advance
 to ! g5]al election = ! (fice ) a      
p>ticul> political p>ty pref]5ce is     
equal to ! numb] ( ,repres5tatives :o w 
be elect$ f ! di/rict involv$4  7#b7    
,au?ority ( political p>ties to det]m9e 
numb] ( c&idates advanc+ 9 multi-seat   

elections ,not)/&+ p>agraph 7#a71 9 !   
case ( a prim>y election describ$ 9 su* 
p>agraph :i* is a multi-seat prim>y     
election1 a ,/ate may p]mit a political 
p>ty to adopt a rule t provides = su*   
numb] ( c&idates ( t political p>ty to  
advance to ! g5]al election z ! p>ty    
consid]s appropriate1 s long z ! numb]  
is n less ?an #b4  7#c7 ,multi-seat     
prim>y election def9$ ,9 ?is subsection1
 ! t]m multi-seat prim>y election means 
a prim>y election held to select !      
c&idates = a g5]al election 9 :i* m ?an 
"o ,repres5tative %all be elect$4  7b7  
,/ates ,) ,nonp>tisan ,nom9at+ ,prim>ies
  7#a7 ,numb] ( c&idates ,if a ,/ate    
uses a nonp>tisan nom9at+ prim>y        
election to det]m9e :i* c&idates w      
advance to ! g5]al election = ! (fice ( 
,repres5tative1 ! ,/ate %all ensure t ! 
numb] ( c&idates :o advance to ! g5]al  
election = ! (fice is n less ?an !      
great] (--  7,a7 #e2  7,b7 twice ! numb]
 ( ,repres5tatives :o w be elect$ f !   
di/rict involv$2 or  7,c7 su* great]    

numb] z ! ,/ate may e/abli% by law4     
7#b7 ,nonp>tisan nom9at+ prim>y election
 def9$ ,9 ?is subsection1 a nonp>tisan  
nom9at+ prim>y election is a prim>y     
election = ! (fice ( ,repres5tative "u  
:i*--  7,a7 ea* c&idate = su* (fice1    
reg>dless ( ! c&idate's political p>ty  
pref]5ce or lack !re(1 %all appe> on a  
s+le ballot2  7,b7 ea* vot] 9 ! ,/ate :o
 is eligible to vote 9 elections =      
,f$]al (fice 9 ! di/rict involv$ may ca/
 a ballot 9 ! election1 reg>dless ( !   
vot]'s political p>ty pref]5ce or lack  
!re(2 &  7,c7 ! id5tification & numb] ( 
c&idates :o advance to ! g5]al election 
= ! (fice is det]m9$ )\t reg>d to !     
c&idates' political p>ty pref]5ces or   
lack !re(4  7c7 ,exception = ,/ates n   
hold+ prim>y elections prior to date (  
regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al elections ,?is    
section does n apply 9 ! case ( a ,/ate 
t does n hold prim>y elections = ! (fice
 ( ,repres5tative prior to ! date       
e/abli%$ "u section #be ( ,revis$       
,/atutes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7#b ,u4,s4,c4

 #g7 = ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al election 
= su* (fices4  #bjd4 ,con=m+ am5dm5ts ,!
 foll[+ provisions ( law are h]eby      
repeal$3 7#a7 ,section #bb7;c7 ( ! ,act 
entitl$ ,an ,act to provide = ! fifte5? 
& subsequ5t dec5nial c5suses & to       
provide = an apportionm5t (             
,repres5tatives 9 ,congress1 approv$    
,june #ah1 #aibi 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #b;a7c774
  7#b7 ,! ,act entitl$ ,an ,act = !     
relief ( ,doctor ,ric>do ,vallejo       
,samala & to provide = congressional    
r$i/rict+1 approv$ ,decemb] #ad1 #aifg  
7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #b;c74  7#c7 ,section #e (
 ! ,act entitl$ ,an ,act ,= !           
apportionm5t ( ,repres5tatives 9        
,congress among ! sev]al ,/ates "u !    
,?irte5? ,c5sus1 approv$ ,augu/ #h1     
#aiaa 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #e74  #bje4         
,effective date ,?is title & ! am5dm5ts 
made by ?is title %all apply ) respect  
to ! ,"o ,hundr$ ,sev5te5? ,congress &  
ea* subsequ5t ,congress4  ,,iii         
,requirem5ts = ,congressional ,r$i/rict+
  ,a ,g5]al ,requirem5ts  #cja4 ,limit  

on ,congressional r$i/rict+ aft] an     
apportionm5t ,a ,/ate :i* has be5       
r$i/rict$ 9 ! mann] provid$ by law aft] 
an apportionm5t "u section #bb7;a7 ( !  
,act entitl$ ,an ,act to provide = !    
fifte5? & subsequ5t dec5nial c5suses &  
to provide = an apportionm5t (          
,repres5tatives 9 ,congress1 approv$    
,june #ah1 #aibi 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #b;a71   
may n be r$i/rict$ aga9 until aft] !    
next apportionm5t ( ,repres5tatives "u  
su* section1 unless a c\rt requires !   
,/ate to conduct su* subsequ5t r$i/rict+
 to comply ) ! ,con/itution1 to en=ce ! 
,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#eb         
,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq471 to comply )  
?is ,act1 or to comply ) any o!r        
applicable ,f$]al law4  #cjb4 ,requir+  
,congressional r$i/rict+ to be conduct$ 
?r\gh plan ( indep5d5t ,/ate commission 
,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( law1 any   
,congressional r$i/rict+ conduct$ by a  
,/ate %all be conduct$ 9 accordance )-- 
7#a7 ! r$i/rict+ plan develop$ & enact$ 
into law by ! indep5d5t r$i/rict+       

commission e/abli%$ 9 ! ,/ate1 9        
accordance ) subtitle ,b2 or  7#b7 if a 
plan develop$ by su* commission is n    
enact$ into law1 ! r$i/rict+ plan       
develop$ & enact$ into law by a         
#c-;judge c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates        
,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1
 9 accordance ) section #cja4  ,b       
,indep5d5t ,r$i/rict+ ,commissions      
#caa4 ,indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission   
7a7 ,appo9tm5t ( memb]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al  
,! nonp>tisan ag5cy e/abli%$ or         
designat$ by a ,/ate "u section #cad7;a7
 %all e/abli% an indep5d5t r$i/rict+    
commission = ! ,/ate1 :i* %all consi/ ( 
#ab memb]s appo9t$ by ! ag5cy z foll[s3 
7,a7 ,! ag5cy %all appo9t #d memb]s on a
 r&om basis f ! majority category ( !   
approv$ selection pool 7z describ$ 9    
section #cab7;b77#a77;,a774  7,b7 ,!    
ag5cy %all appo9t #d memb]s on a r&om   
basis f ! m9ority category ( ! approv$  
selection pool 7z describ$ 9 section    
#cab7;b77#a77;,b774  7,c7 ,! ag5cy %all 
appo9t #d memb]s on a r&om basis f !    

indep5d5t category ( ! approv$ selection
 pool 7z describ$ 9 section             
#cab7;b77#a77;,c774  7#b7 ,appo9tm5t (  
alt]nates to s]ve 9 case ( vacancies ,at
 ! "t ! ag5cy appo9ts ! memb]s ( !      
indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission "u       
p>agraph 7#a7 f ea* ( ! categories      
ref]r$ to 9 su* p>agraph1 ! ag5cy %all1 
on a r&om basis1 designate #b o!r       
individuals f su* category to s]ve z    
alt]nate memb]s :o may be appo9t$ to    
fill vacancies 9 ! commission 9         
accordance ) p>agraph 7#c74  7#c7       
,vacancy ,if a vacancy occurs 9 !       
commission ) respect to a memb] :o 0    
appo9t$ f "o ( ! categories ref]r$ to 9 
p>agraph 7#a71 ! nonp>tisan ag5cy %all  
fill ! vacancy by appo9t+1 on a r&om    
basis1 "o ( ! #b alt]nates f su*        
category :o 0 designat$ "u p>agraph     
7#b74 ,at ! "t ! ag5cy appo9ts an       
alt]nate to fill a vacancy "u ! previ\s 
s5t5ce1 ! ag5cy %all designate1 on a    
r&om basis1 ano!r individual f ! same   
category to s]ve z an alt]nate memb]1 9 

accordance ) p>agraph 7#b74  7b7        
,proc$ures = ,conduct+ ,commission      
,bus9ess  7#a7 ,*air ,memb]s ( an       
indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission e/abli%$ 
"u ?is section %all select by majority  
vote "o memb] :o 0 appo9t$ f ! indep5d5t
 category ( ! approv$ selection pool    
describ$ 9 section #cab7;b77#a77;,c7 to 
s]ve z *air ( ! commission4 ,!          
commission may n take any action to     
develop a r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate "u   
section #cac until ! appo9tm5t ( !      
commission's *air4  7#b7 ,requir+       
majority approval = actions ,! indep5d5t
 r$i/rict+ commission ( a ,/ate may n   
publi% & dissem9ate any draft or f9al   
r$i/rict+ plan1 or take any o!r action1 
)\t ! approval ( at lea/-- 7,a7 a       
majority ( ! :ole memb]%ip ( !          
commission2 &  7,b7 at lea/ "o memb] ( !
 commission appo9t$ f ea* ( ! categories
 ( ! approv$ selection pool describ$ 9  
section #cab7;b77#a74  7#c7 ,quorum ,a  
majority ( ! memb]s ( ! commission %all 
con/itute a quorum4  7c7 ,/aff2         

,contractors  7#a7 ,/aff ,! indep5d5t   
r$i/rict+ commission ( a ,/ate may      
appo9t & set ! pay ( su* /aff z x       
consid]s appropriate1 subject to ,/ate  
law4  7#b7 ,contractors ,! indep5d5t    
r$i/rict+ commission ( a ,/ate may ent] 
into su* contracts ) v5dors z x consid]s
 appropriate1 subject to ,/ate law1     
except t any su* contract %all be valid 
only if approv$ by ! vote ( a majority (
 ! memb]s ( ! commission1 includ+ at    
lea/ "o memb] appo9t$ f ea* ( !         
categories ( ! approv$ selection pool   
describ$ 9 section #cab7;b77#a74  7#c7  
,goal ( imp>tiality ,! commission %all  
take su* /eps z x consid]s appropriate  
to ensure t any /aff appo9t$ "u ?is     
subsection1 & any v5dor ) :om !         
commission ent]s into a contract "u ?is 
subsection1 w "w 9 an imp>tial mann]1 & 
may require any p]son :o applies = an   
appo9tm5t to a /aff position or = a     
v5dor's contract ) ! commission to      
provide in=mation on ! p]son's hi/ory ( 
political activity 7includ+ donations to

 c&idates1 political committees1 &      
political p>ties7 z a condition ( !     
appo9tm5t or ! contract4  7d7 ,t]m9ation
  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! indep5d5t r$i/rict+  
commission ( a ,/ate %all t]m9ate on !  
e>li] (--  7,a7 ,june #ad ( ! foll[+ ye>
 end+ 9 ! num]al z]o2 or  7,b7 ! day on 
:i* ! nonp>tisan ag5cy e/abli%$ or      
designat$ by a ,/ate "u section #cad7;a7
 has1 9 accordance ) section            
#cab7;b77#a71 submitt$ a selection pool 
to ! ,select ,committee on ,r$i/rict+ = 
! ,/ate e/abli%$ "u section #cad7;b74   
7#b7 ,pres]vation ( records ,! ,/ate    
%all ensure t ! records ( ! indep5d5t   
r$i/rict+ commission are reta9$ 9 !     
appropriate ,/ate ar*ive 9 su* mann] z  
may be necess>y to enable ! ,/ate to    
respond to any civil action br\ght )    
respect to ,congressional r$i/rict+ 9 ! 
,/ate4  #cab4 ,e/abli%m5t ( selection   
pool ( individuals eligible to s]ve z   
memb]s ( commission  7a7 ,crit]ia =     
,eligibility  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,an         
individual is eligible to s]ve z a memb]

 ( an indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission if 
! individual meets ea* ( ! foll[+       
crit]ia3  7,a7 ,z ( ! date ( appo9tm5t1 
! individual is regi/]$ to vote 9       
elections = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ! ,/ate4
  7,b7 ,dur+ ! #c-ye> p]iod end+ on !   
date ( ! individual's appo9tm5t1 !      
individual has be5 cont9u\sly regi/]$ to
 vote ) ! same political p>ty1 or has n 
be5 regi/]$ to vote ) any political     
p>ty4  7,c7 ,! individual submits to !  
nonp>tisan ag5cy e/abli%$ or designat$  
by a ,/ate "u section #cac1 at su* "t & 
9 su* =m z ! ag5cy may require1 an      
application = inclusion 9 ! selection   
pool "u ?is section1 & includes ) !     
application a writt5 /atem5t conta9+ !  
foll[+ in=mation & assurances3 7i7 ,a   
/atem5t ( ! political p>ty ) :i* !      
individual is affiliat$1 if any4  7ii7  
,an assurance t ! individual %all commit
 to c>ry+ out ! individual's duties "u  
?is title 9 an hone/1 indep5d5t1 &      
imp>tial fa%ion1 & to uphold+ public    
confid5ce 9 ! integrity ( ! r$i/rict+   

process4  7iii7 ,an assurance t1 dur+ ! 
cov]$ p]iods describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c71 !
 individual has n tak5 & w n take any   
action :i* w\ld disqualify ! individual 
f s]v+ z a memb] ( ! commission "u      
p>agraph 7#b74  7#b7 ,disqualifications 
,an individual is n eligible to s]ve z a
 memb] ( ! commission if any ( ! foll[+ 
applies dur+ any ( ! cov]$ p]iods       
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c73 7,a7 ,!       
individual or 79 ! case ( ! cov]$ p]iods
 describ$ 9 subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,b7 (  
p>agraph 7#c77 an imm$iate family memb] 
( ! individual holds public (fice or is 
a c&idate = election = public (fice4    
7,b7 ,! individual or 79 ! case ( !     
cov]$ p]iods describ$ 9 subp>agraphs    
7,a7 & 7,b7 ( p>agraph 7#c77 an imm$iate
 family memb] ( ! individual s]ves z an 
(fic] ( a political p>ty or z an (fic]1 
employee1 or paid consultant ( a        
campaign committee ( a c&idate = public 
(fice4  7,c7 ,! individual or 79 ! case 
( ! cov]$ p]iods describ$ 9 subp>agraphs
 7,a7 & 7,b7 ( p>agraph 7#c77 an        

imm$iate family memb] ( ! individual    
holds a position z a regi/]$ lobbyi/ "u 
! ,lobby+ ,disclosure ,act ( #aiie 7#b  
,u4,s4,c4 #afja et seq47 or an equival5t
 ,/ate or local law4  7,d7 ,! individual
 or 79 ! case ( ! cov]$ p]iods describ$ 
9 subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,b7 ( p>agraph   
7#c77 an imm$iate family memb] ( !      
individual is an employee ( an elect$   
public (ficial1 a contractor ) !        
legislature ( ! ,/ate1 or a donor to !  
campaign ( any c&idate = public (fice   
7o!r ?an a donor :o1 dur+ any ( su*     
cov]$ p]iods1 gives an aggregate am\nt (
 #bj1jjj or less to ! campaigns ( all   
c&idates = all public (fices74  7#c7    
,cov]$ p]iods describ$ ,9 ?is           
subsection1 ! t]m cov]$ p]iod means1 )  
respect to ! appo9tm5t ( an individual  
to ! commission1 any ( ! foll[+3  7,a7  
,! #e-ye> p]iod end+ on ! date ( !      
individual's appo9tm5t4  7,b7 ,! p]iod  
beg9n+ on ! date ( ! individual's       
appo9tm5t & end+ on ,augu/ #ad ( ! next 
ye> end+ 9 ! num]al "o4  7,c7 ,! #e-ye> 

p]iod beg9n+ on ! day aft] ! la/ day ( !
 p]iod describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b74     
7#d7 ,imm$iate family memb] def9$ ,9 ?is
 subsection1 ! t]m imm$iate family memb]
 means1 ) respect to an individual1 a   
fa!r1 /epfa!r1 "m1 /epmo!r1 son1 /epson1
 daught]1 /epdaught]1 bro!r1 /epbro!r1  
si/]1 /epsi/]1 husb&1 wife1 fa!r-9-law1 
or "m-9-law4  7b7 ,developm5t &         
,submission ( ,selection ,pool  7#a7 ,9 
g5]al ,n lat] ?an ,june #ae ( ea* ye>   
end+ 9 ! num]al z]o1 ! nonp>tisan ag5cy 
e/abli%$ or designat$ by a ,/ate "u     
section #cad7;a7 %all develop & submit  
to ! ,select ,committee on ,r$i/rict+ = 
! ,/ate e/abli%$ "u section #cad7;b7 a  
selection pool ( #cf individuals :o are 
eligible to s]ve z memb]s ( ! indep5d5t 
r$i/rict+ commission ( ! ,/ate "u ?is   
title1 consi/+ ( individuals 9 ! foll[+ 
categories3 7,a7 ,a majority category1  
consi/+ ( #ab individuals :o are        
affiliat$ ) ! political p>ty ) ! l>ge/  
p]c5tage ( ! regi/]$ vot]s 9 ! ,/ate :o 
are affiliat$ ) a political p>ty 7z     

det]m9$ ) respect to ! mo/ rec5t        
,/atewide election = ,f$]al (fice held 9
 ! ,/ate = :i* su* in=mation is         
available74  7,b7 ,a m9ority category1  
consi/+ ( #ab individuals :o are        
affiliat$ ) ! political p>ty ) ! second 
l>ge/ p]c5tage ( ! regi/]$ vot]s 9 !    
,/ate :o are affiliat$ ) a political    
p>ty 7z s det]m9$74  7,c7 ,an indep5d5t 
category1 consi/+ ( #ab individuals :o  
are n affiliat$ ) ei!r ( ! political    
p>ties describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 or   
subp>agraph 7,b74  7#b7 ,factors tak5   
into acc\nt 9 develop+ pool ,9 select+  
individuals = ! selection pool "u ?is   
subsection1 ! nonp>tisan ag5cy %all--   
7,a7 to ! maximum ext5t practicable1    
ensure t ! pool reflects ! repres5tative
 demographic gr\ps 7includ+ races1      
e?nicities1 & g5d]s7 & geographic       
regions ( ! ,/ate2 &  7,b7 take into    
consid]ation ! analytical skills ( !    
individuals select$ 9 relevant fields   
7includ+ mapp+1 data managem5t1 law1    
community outrea*1 demography1 & !      

geography ( ! ,/ate7 & _! ability to "w 
on an imp>tial basis4  7#c7 ,det]m9ation
 ( political p>ty affiliation (         
individuals 9 selection pool ,= purposes
 ( ?is section1 an individual %all be   
consid]$ to be affiliat$ ) a political  
p>ty on ! basis ( ! in=mation !         
individual provides 9 ! application     
submitt$ "u subsection 7a77#a77;,d74    
7#d7 ,enc\rag+ resid5ts to apply =      
inclusion 9 pool ,! nonp>tisan ag5cy    
%all take su* /eps z may be necess>y to 
ensure t resid5ts ( ! ,/ate across v>i\s
 geographic regions & demographic gr\ps 
are aw>e ( ! opportunity to s]ve on !   
indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission1 includ+ 
publiciz+ ! role ( ! panel & us+        
newspap]s1 broadca/ m$ia1 & onl9e       
s\rces1 includ+ e?nic m$ia1 to enc\rage 
individuals to apply = inclusion 9 !    
selection pool develop$ "u ?is          
subsection4  7#e7 ,report on e/abli%m5t 
( selection pool ,at ! "t ! nonp>tisan  
ag5cy submits ! selection pool to !     
,select ,committee on ,r$i/rict+ "u     

p>agraph 7#a71 x %all publi% a report   
describ+ ! process by :i* ! pool 0      
develop$1 & %all include 9 ! report a   
description ( h[ ! individuals 9 ! pool 
meet ! eligibility crit]ia ( subsection 
7a7 & ( h[ ! pool reflects ! factors !  
ag5cy is requir$ to take into           
consid]ation "u p>agraph 7#b74  7#f7    
,action by ,select ,committee  7,a7 ,9  
g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ad days aft] receiv+ 
! selection pool f ! nonp>tisan ag5cy "u
 p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,select ,committee on 
,r$i/rict+ %all-- 7i7 approve ! pool z  
submitt$ by ! nonp>tisan ag5cy1 9 :i*   
case ! pool %all be consid]$ ! approv$  
selection pool = purposes ( section     
#caa7;a77#a72 or  7ii7 reject ! pool1 9 
:i* case ! nonp>tisan ag5cy %all develop
 & submit a replacem5t selection pool 9 
accordance ) subsection 7c74  7,b7      
,inaction deem$ rejection ,if ! ,select 
,committee on ,r$i/rict+ fails to       
approve or reject ! pool )9 ! deadl9e   
set =? 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 ! ,select    
,committee %all be deem$ to h reject$ ! 

pool = purposes ( su* subp>agraph4  7c7 
,developm5t ( ,replacem5t ,selection    
,pool  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if ! ,select      
,committee on ,r$i/rict+ rejects !      
selection pool submitt$ by ! nonp>tisan 
ag5cy "u subsection 7b71 n lat] ?an #ad 
days aft] ! rejection1 ! nonp>tisan     
ag5cy %all develop & submit to ! ,select
 ,committee a replacem5t selection pool1
 "u ! same t]ms & conditions t appli$ to
 ! developm5t & submission ( ! selection
 pool "u p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#e7 (    
subsection 7b74 ,! replacem5t pool      
submitt$ "u ?is p>agraph may include    
individuals :o 7 includ$ 9 ! reject$    
selection pool submitt$ "u subsection   
7b71 s long z at lea/ "o ( ! individuals
 9 ! replacem5t pool 0 n includ$ 9 su*  
reject$ pool4  7#b7 ,action by ,select  
,committee  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an   
#ad days aft] receiv+ ! replacem5t      
selection pool f ! nonp>tisan ag5cy "u  
p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,select ,committee on  
,r$i/rict+ %all--  7i7 approve ! pool z 
submitt$ by ! nonp>tisan ag5cy1 9 :i*   

case ! pool %all be consid]$ ! approv$  
selection pool = purposes ( section     
#caa7;a77#a72 or  7ii7 reject ! pool1 9 
:i* case ! nonp>tisan ag5cy %all develop
 & submit a second replacem5t selection 
pool 9 accordance ) subsection 7d74     
7,b7 ,inaction deem$ rejection ,if !    
,select ,committee on ,r$i/rict+ fails  
to approve or reject ! pool )9 ! deadl9e
 set =? 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 ! ,select   
,committee %all be deem$ to h reject$ ! 
pool = purposes ( su* subp>agraph4  7d7 
,developm5t ( ,second ,replacem5t       
,selection ,pool  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if !   
,select ,committee on ,r$i/rict+ rejects
 ! replacem5t selection pool submitt$ by
 ! nonp>tisan ag5cy "u subsection 7c71 n
 lat] ?an #ad days aft] ! rejection1 !  
nonp>tisan ag5cy %all develop & submit  
to ! ,select ,committee a second        
replacem5t selection pool1 "u ! same    
t]ms & conditions t appli$ to !         
developm5t & submission ( ! selection   
pool "u p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#e7 (     
subsection 7b74 ,! second replacem5t    

selection pool submitt$ "u ?is p>agraph 
may include individuals :o 7 includ$ 9 !
 reject$ selection pool submitt$ "u     
subsection 7b7 or ! reject$ replacem5t  
selection pool submitt$ "u subsection   
7c71 s long z at lea/ "o ( ! individuals
 9 ! replacem5t pool 0 n includ$ 9 ei!r 
su* reject$ pool4  7#b7 ,action by      
,select ,committee  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,n    
lat] ?an #ad days aft] receiv+ ! second 
replacem5t selection pool f ! nonp>tisan
 ag5cy "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,select      
,committee on ,r$i/rict+ %all-- 7i7     
approve ! pool z submitt$ by !          
nonp>tisan ag5cy1 9 :i* case ! pool %all
 be consid]$ ! approv$ selection pool = 
purposes ( section #caa7;a77#a72 or     
7ii7 reject ! pool1 9 :i* case-- 7,i7 ! 
nonp>tisan ag5cy %all n develop or      
submit any o!r selection pool = purposes
 ( ?is title2 &  7,,ii7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia 
%all develop & enact ! r$i/rict+ plan = 
! ,/ate1 9 accordance ) section #cja4   
7,b7 ,inaction deem$ rejection ,if !    

,select ,committee on ,r$i/rict+ fails  
to approve or reject ! pool )9 ! deadl9e
 set =? 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 ! ,select   
,committee %all be deem$ to h reject$ ! 
pool = purposes ( su* subp>agraph4      
#cac4 ,crit]ia = r$i/rict+ plan by      
indep5d5t commission2 public notice &   
input  7a7 ,developm5t ( r$i/rict+ plan 
7#a7 ,crit]ia ,9 addition to ! crit]ia  
set =? 9 section #bja7;b71 ! indep5d5t  
r$i/rict+ commission ( a ,/ate %all     
develop a r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate 9    
accordance ) ! foll[+ crit]ia1          
prioritiz$ accord+ to ! foll[+ ord]3    
7,a7 ,to ! ext5t practicable1 di/ricts  
%all be contigu\s 7except to ! ext5t    
necess>y to include any area :i* is     
surr\nd$ by a body ( wat]74  7,b7       
,di/ricts %all be e/abli%$ 9 a mann]    
consi/5t ) ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 
7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq47 & o!r    
,f$]al law4  7,c7 ,to ! ext5t           
practicable1 di/ricts %all reflect !    
div]sity ( political op9ion 9 ! ,/ate   
su* t no di/rict 9 ! ,/ate--  7i7 elects

 exactly #c ,repres5tatives & ! nom9ee (
 "o political p>ty = ,presid5t receiv$  
at lea/ #ge p]c5t ( ! votes ca/ 9 !     
geographic area cov]$ by ! di/rict 9 #b 
( ! #c mo/ rec5t ,presid5tial elections2
  7ii7 elects exactly #d ,repres5tatives
 & ! nom9ee ( "o political p>ty =       
,presid5t receiv$ at lea/ #hj p]c5t ( ! 
votes ca/ 9 ! geographic area cov]$ by !
 di/rict 9 #b ( ! #c mo/ rec5t          
,presid5tial elections2 or  7iii7 elects
 exactly #e ,repres5tatives & ! nom9ee (
 "o political p>ty = ,presid5t receiv$  
at lea/ #hc p]c5t ( ! votes ca/ 9 !     
geographic area cov]$ by ! di/rict 9 #b 
( ! #c mo/ rec5t ,presid5tial elections4
  7,d7 ,to ! greate/ ext5t practicable !
 ,/ate %all m9imize ! numb] ( di/ricts  
elect+ #d ,repres5tatives4  7,e7 ,to !  
greate/ ext5t practicable ! ,/ate %all  
maximize ! numb] ( di/ricts elect+ #e   
,repres5tatives4  7,f7 ,to ! ext5t      
practicable1 di/rict b\nd>ies %all      
m9imize ! division ( any community (    
int]e/1 municipality1 c\nty1 or         

neighborhood4 ,= purposes ( ?is         
subp>agraph1 a community ( int]e/ is a  
contigu\s population :i* %>es common    
social or economic int]e/s t %\ld be    
includ$ )9 a s+le di/rict = purposes (  
its effective & fair repres5tation4     
,examples ( su* %>$ int]e/s are ^?      
common to an urban area1 a rural area1  
an indu/rial area1 or an agricultural   
area1 & ^? common to areas 9 :i* ! p %>e
 simil> liv+ /&>ds1 use ! same          
transportation facilities1 h simil> "w  
opportunities1 or h access to ! same    
m$ia ( communication relevant to !      
election process4 ,communities ( int]e/ 
%all n include relation%ips ) political 
p>ties1 incumb5t (ficehold]s1 or        
political c&idates4  7,g7 ,to ! ext5t   
practicable1 di/ricts %all be           
geographically compact su* t ne>by areas
 ( population are n bypass$ = m di/ant  
areas ( population4  7,h7 ,to ! ext5t   
practicable1 ! b\nd>ies ( di/ricts %all 
foll[ visible geographic features4  7#b7
 ,prohibit+ consid]ation ( resid5ce (   

,memb] or o!r c&idate ,9 develop+ !     
r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate1 ! indep5d5t   
r$i/rict+ commission may n take into    
consid]ation ! resid5ce ( any ,memb] ( !
 ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives or c&idate4    
7b7 ,public notice & input  7#a7 ,use ( 
op5 & transp>5t process ,! indep5d5t    
r$i/rict+ commission ( a ,/ate %all hold
 ea* ( its meet+s 9 public1 %all solicit
 & take into consid]ation comm5ts f !   
public ?r\gh\t ! process ( develop+ !   
r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate1 & %all c>ry   
out its duties 9 an op5 & transp>5t     
mann] :i* provides = ! wide/ public     
dissem9ation reasonably possible ( its  
propos$ & f9al r$i/rict+ plans4  7#b7   
,website ,! commission %all ma9ta9 a    
public ,int]net site :i* is n affiliat$ 
) or ma9ta9$ by ! (fice ( any elect$    
(ficial & :i* includes ! foll[+         
features3 7,a7 ,g5]al in=mation on !    
commission & its memb]s1 includ+ contact
 in=mation4  7,b7 ,an updat$ s*$ule (   
commission he>+s & activities1 includ+  
deadl9es = ! submission ( comm5ts4  7,c7

 ,all draft r$i/rict+ plans develop$ by 
! commission "u subsection 7c7 & ! f9al 
r$i/rict+ plan develop$ "u subsection   
7d74  7,d7 ,live /ream+ ( commission    
he>+s & an ar*ive ( previ\s meet+s & o!r
 commission records4  7,e7 ,a me?od by  
:i* memb]s ( ! public may submit comm5ts
 directly to ! commission4  7,f7 ,access
 to ! demographic data us$ by !         
commission to develop ! propos$         
r$i/rict+ plans1 toge!r ) any s(tw>e us$
 to draw maps ( propos$ di/ricts4  7#c7 
,public comm5t p]iod ,! commission %all 
solicit1 accept1 & consid] comm5ts f !  
public ) respect to its duties1         
activities1 & proc$ures at any "t dur+ !
 p]iod--  7,a7 :i* beg9s on ,janu>y #a (
 ! ye> end+ 9 ! num]al "o2 &  7,b7 :i*  
ends #g days be=e ! date ( ! meet+ at   
:i* ! commission %all vote on approv+ ! 
f9al r$i/rict+ plan = enactm5t into law 
"u subsection 7d77#b74  7#d7 ,meet+s &  
he>+s 9 v>i\s geographic locations ,to !
 greate/ ext5t practicable1 ! commission
 %all hold its meet+s & he>+s 9 v>i\s   

geographic regions & locations ?r\gh\t !
 ,/ate4  7c7 ,developm5t & ,publication 
( ,prelim9>y ,r$i/rict+ ,plan  7#a7 ,9  
g5]al ,prior to develop+ & publi%+ a    
f9al r$i/rict+ plan "u subsection 7d71 !
 indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission ( a     
,/ate %all develop & publi% a prelim9>y 
r$i/rict+ plan4  7#b7 ,m9imum public    
he>+s prior to developm5t  7,a7 #c he>+s
 requir$ ,prior to develop+ a prelim9>y 
r$i/rict+ plan "u ?is subsection1 !     
commission %all hold n few] ?an #c      
public he>+s at :i* memb]s ( ! public   
may provide input & comm5ts reg>d+ !    
pot5tial cont5ts ( r$i/rict+ plans = !  
,/ate & ! process by :i* ! commission w 
develop ! prelim9>y plan "u ?is         
subsection4  7,b7 ,m9imum p]iod = notice
 prior to he>+s ,! commission %all      
notify ! public ?r\gh ! website ma9ta9$ 
"u subsection 7b77#b71 z well z ?r\gh   
publication ( notice 9 newspap]s ( g5]al
 circulation ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate1 ( ! date1 
"t1 & location ( ea* ( ! he>+s held "u  
?is p>agraph n few] ?an #ad days prior  

to ! date ( ! he>+4  7#c7 ,publication (
 prelim9>y plan  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,!       
commission %all po/ ! prelim9>y         
r$i/rict+ plan develop$ "u ?is          
subsection1 toge!r ) a report t includes
 ! commission's responses to any public 
comm5ts receiv$ "u subsection 7b77#c71  
on ! website ma9ta9$ "u subsection      
7b77#b71 & %all provide = ! publication 
( ea* su* plan 9 newspap]s ( g5]al      
circulation ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate4  7,b7      
,m9imum p]iod = notice prior to         
publication ,n few] ?an #ad days prior  
to ! date on :i* ! commission po/s &    
publi%es ! prelim9>y plan "u ?is        
p>agraph1 ! commission %all notify !    
public ?r\gh ! website ma9ta9$ "u       
subsection 7b77#b71 z well z ?r\gh      
publication ( notice 9 newspap]s ( g5]al
 circulation ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate1 ( ! p5d+  
publication ( ! plan4  7#d7 ,m9imum     
p]iod = public comm5t aft] publication (
 plan ,! commission %all accept &       
consid] comm5ts f ! public ) respect to 
! prelim9>y r$i/rict+ plan publi%$ "u   

p>agraph 7#c7 = n few] ?an #cj days aft]
 ! date on :i* ! plan is publi%$4  7#e7 
,po/-publication he>+s  7,a7 #c he>+s   
requir$ ,aft] po/+ & publi%+ ! prelim9>y
 r$i/rict+ plan "u p>agraph 7#c71 !     
commission %all hold n few] ?an #c      
public he>+s at :i* memb]s ( ! public   
may provide input & comm5ts reg>d+ !    
prelim9>y plan4  7,b7 ,m9imum p]iod =   
notice prior to he>+s ,! commission %all
 notify ! public ?r\gh ! website ma9ta9$
 "u subsection 7b77#b71 z well z ?r\gh  
publication ( notice 9 newspap]s ( g5]al
 circulation ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate1 ( ! date1 
"t1 & location ( ea* ( ! he>+s held "u  
?is p>agraph n few] ?an #ad days prior  
to ! date ( ! he>+4  7#f7 ,p]mitt+      
multiple prelim9>y plans ,at ! option ( 
! commission1 aft] develop+ & publi%+ ! 
prelim9>y r$i/rict+ plan "u ?is         
subsection1 ! commission may develop &  
publi% subsequ5t prelim9>y r$i/rict+    
plans1 s long z ! process = ! developm5t
 & publication ( ea* su* subsequ5t plan 
meets ! requirem5ts set =? 9 ?is        

subsection = ! developm5t & publication 
( ! fir/ prelim9>y r$i/rict+ plan4  7d7 
,process = ,enactm5t ( ,f9al ,r$i/rict+ 
,plan  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,aft] tak+ into    
consid]ation comm5ts f ! public on any  
prelim9>y r$i/rict+ plan develop$ &     
publi%$ "u subsection 7c71 ! indep5d5t  
r$i/rict+ commission ( a ,/ate %all     
develop & publi% a f9al r$i/rict+ plan =
 ! ,/ate4  7#b7 ,meet+2 f9al vote ,n    
lat] ?an ,augu/ #ae ( ea* ye> end+ 9 !  
num]al "o1 ! commission %all hold a     
public he>+ at :i* ! memb]s ( !         
commission %all vote on approv+ ! f9al  
plan = enactm5t into law4  7#c7         
,publication ( plan & accompany+        
mat]ials ,n few] ?an #ad days be=e !    
date ( ! meet+ "u p>agraph 7#b71 !      
commission %all provide ! foll[+        
in=mation to ! public ?r\gh ! website   
ma9ta9$ "u subsection 7b77#b71 z well z 
?r\gh newspap]s ( g5]al circulation     
?r\gh\t ! ,/ate3 7,a7 ,! f9al r$i/rict+ 
plan1 includ+ all relevant maps4  7,b7  
,a report by ! commission to accompany !

 plan :i* provides ! backgr\nd = ! plan 
& ! commission's reasons = select+ !    
plan z ! f9al r$i/rict+ plan1 includ+   
responses to ! public comm5ts receiv$ on
 any prelim9>y r$i/rict+ plan develop$ &
 publi%$ "u subsection 7c74  7,c7 ,any  
diss5t+ or additional views ) respect to
 ! plan ( individual memb]s ( !         
commission4  7#d7 ,enactm5t ,! f9al     
r$i/rict+ plan develop$ & publi%$ "u ?is
 subsection %all be deem$ to be enact$  
into law if-- 7,a7 ! plan is approv$ by 
a majority ( ! :ole memb]%ip ( !        
commission2 &  7,b7 at lea/ "o memb] ( !
 commission appo9t$ f ea* ( ! categories
 ( ! approv$ selection pool describ$ 9  
section #cab7;b77#a7 approves ! plan4   
7e7 ,deadl9e ,! indep5d5t r$i/rict+     
commission ( a ,/ate %all approve a f9al
 r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate n lat] ?an    
,augu/ #ae ( ea* ye> end+ 9 ! num]al "o4
  #cad4 ,e/abli%m5t ( relat$ entities   
7a7 ,e/abli%m5t or ,designation (       
,nonp>tisan ,ag5cy ( ,/ate ,legislature 
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* ,/ate %all e/abli% a 

nonp>tisan ag5cy 9 ! legislative bran* (
 ! ,/ate gov]nm5t to appo9t ! memb]s ( !
 indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission = !     
,/ate 9 accordance ) section #caa4  7#b7
 ,nonp>tisan%ip describ$ ,= purposes (  
?is subsection1 an ag5cy %all be        
consid]$ to be nonp>tisan if "u law !   
ag5cy--  7,a7 is requir$ to provide     
s]vices on a nonp>tisan basis2  7,b7 is 
requir$ to ma9ta9 imp>tiality2 &  7,c7  
is prohibit$ f advocat+ = ! adoption or 
rejection ( any legislative proposal4   
7#c7 ,designation ( exi/+ ag5cy ,at its 
option1 a ,/ate may designate an exi/+  
ag5cy 9 ! legislative bran* ( its       
gov]nm5t to appo9t ! memb]s ( !         
indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission plan = ! 
,/ate "u ?is title1 s long z ! ag5cy    
meets ! requirem5ts = nonp>tisan%ip "u  
?is subsection4  7#d7 ,t]m9ation ( ag5cy
 specifically e/abli%$ = r$i/rict+ ,if a
 ,/ate does n designate an exi/+ ag5cy  
"u p>agraph 7#c7 b in/ead e/abli%es a   
new ag5cy to s]ve z ! nonp>tisan ag5cy  
"u ?is section1 ! new ag5cy %all t]m9ate

 ^u ! enactm5t into law ( ! r$i/rict+   
plan = ! ,/ate4  7#e7 ,deadl9e ,! ,/ate 
%all meet ! requirem5ts ( ?is subsection
 n lat] ?an ea* ,augu/ #ae ( a ye> end+ 
9 ! num]al n9e4  7b7 ,e/abli%m5t (      
,select ,committee on ,r$i/rict+  7#a7  
,9 g5]al ,ea* ,/ate %all appo9t a       
,select ,committee on ,r$i/rict+ to     
approve or disapprove a selection pool  
develop$ by ! nonp>tisan ag5cy "u       
section #cab4  7#b7 ,appo9tm5t ,!       
,select ,committee on ,r$i/rict+ = a    
,/ate "u ?is subsection %all consi/ ( ! 
foll[+ memb]s3  7,a7 #a memb] ( ! upp]  
h\se ( ! ,/ate legislature1 :o %all be  
appo9t$ by ! lead] ( ! p>ty ) ! greate/ 
numb] ( seats 9 ! upp] h\se4  7,b7 #a   
memb] ( ! upp] h\se ( ! ,/ate           
legislature1 :o %all be appo9t$ by !    
lead] ( ! p>ty ) ! second greate/ numb] 
( seats 9 ! upp] h\se4  7,c7 #a memb] ( 
! l[] h\se ( ! ,/ate legislature1 :o    
%all be appo9t$ by ! lead] ( ! p>ty ) ! 
greate/ numb] ( seats 9 ! l[] h\se4     
7,d7 #a memb] ( ! l[] h\se ( ! ,/ate    

legislature1 :o %all be appo9t$ by !    
lead] ( ! p>ty ) ! second greate/ numb] 
( seats 9 ! l[] h\se4  7#c7 ,special    
rule = ,/ates ) unicam]al legislature ,9
 ! case ( a ,/ate ) a unicam]al         
legislature1 ! ,select ,committee on    
,r$i/rict+ = ! ,/ate "u ?is subsection  
%all consi/ ( ! foll[+ memb]s3 7,a7 #b  
memb]s ( ! ,/ate legislature appo9t$ by 
! lead] ( ! p>ty ) ! greate/ numb] (    
seats 9 ! legislature4  7,b7 #b memb]s (
 ! ,/ate legislature appo9t$ by ! lead] 
( ! p>ty ) ! second greate/ numb] (     
seats 9 legislature4  7#d7 ,deadl9e ,!  
,/ate %all meet ! requirem5ts ( ?is     
subsection n lat] ?an ea* ,janu>y #ae ( 
a ye> end+ 9 ! num]al z]o4  ,c ,role (  
,c\rts 9 ,developm5t ( ,r$i/rict+ ,plans
  #cba4 ,enactm5t ( plan develop$ by    
#c-;judge c\rt  7a7 ,developm5t ( ,plan 
,if any ( ! trigg]+ ev5ts describ$ 9    
subsection 7c7 occur ) respect to a     
,/ate-- 7#a7 n lat] ?an ,decemb] #ae ( !
 ye> 9 :i* ! trigg]+ ev5t occurs1 !     
,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = !        

,di/rict ( ,columbia1 act+ ?r\gh a      
#c-;judge c\rt conv5$ pursuant to       
section #bbhd ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,code1 %all develop & publi% !         
congressional r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate2 
&  7#b7 ! plan develop$ & publi%$ by !  
,c\rt "u ?is subsection %all be deem$ to
 be enact$ on ! date on :i* ! ,c\rt     
publi%es ! plan4  7b7 ,proc$ures =      
,developm5t ( ,plan  7#a7 ,crit]ia ,x is
 ! s5se ( ,congress t1 9 develop+ a     
r$i/rict+ plan = a ,/ate "u ?is section1
 ! ,c\rt %\ld adh]e to ! same t]ms &    
conditions t appli$ 7or t w\ld h appli$1
 z ! case may be7 to ! developm5t ( a   
plan by ! indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission
 ( ! ,/ate "u section #cac7;a74  7#b7   
,access to in=mation & records (        
commission ,! ,c\rt %all h access to any
 in=mation1 data1 s(tw>e1 or o!r records
 & mat]ial t 0 us$ 7or t w\ld h be5 us$1
 z ! case may be7 by ! indep5d5t        
r$i/rict+ commission ( ! ,/ate 9 c>ry+  
out its duties "u ?is title4  7c7       
,trigg]+ ,ev5ts ,describ$ ,! trigg]+    

ev5ts describ$ 9 ?is subsection are z   
foll[s3  7#a7 ,! failure ( ! ,/ate to   
e/abli% or designate a nonp>tisan ag5cy 
( ! ,/ate legislature "u section        
#cad7;a7 prior to ! expiration ( !      
deadl9e set =? 9 section #cad7;a77#e74  
7#b7 ,! failure ( ! ,/ate to appo9t a   
,select ,committee on ,r$i/rict+ "u     
section #cad7;b7 prior to ! expiration (
 ! deadl9e set =? 9 section             
#cad7;b77#d74  7#c7 ,! failure ( !      
,select ,committee on ,r$i/rict+ to     
approve any selection pool "u section   
#cab prior to ! expiration ( ! deadl9e  
set =? = ! approval ( ! second          
replacem5t selection pool 9 section     
#cab7;d77#b74  7#d7 ,! failure ( !      
indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission ( ! ,/ate
 to approve a f9al r$i/rict+ plan = !   
,/ate prior to ! expiration ( ! deadl9e 
set =? 9 section #cac7;e74  #cbb4       
,special rule = r$i/rict+ conduct$ "u   
ord] ( ,f$]al c\rt ,if a ,f$]al c\rt    
requires a ,/ate to conduct r$i/rict+   
subsequ5t to an apportionm5t (          

,repres5tatives 9 ! ,/ate 9 ord] to     
comply ) ! ,con/itution or to en=ce !   
,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife1 section #cac
 %all apply ) respect to ! r$i/rict+1   
except t ! c\rt may revise any ( !      
deadl9es set =? 9 su* section if ! c\rt 
det]m9es t a revision is appropriate 9  
ord] to provide = a timely enactm5t ( a 
new r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate4  ,d       
,adm9i/rative & ,miscellane\s           
,provisions  #cca4 ,paym5ts to ,/ates = 
c>ry+ out r$i/rict+  7a7 ,au?orization (
 paym5ts ,subject to subsections 7c7 &  
7d71 n lat] ?an #cj days aft] a ,/ate   
receives a ,/ate apportionm5t notice1 ! 
,election ,assi/ance ,commission %all   
make a paym5t to ! ,/ate 9 an am\nt     
equal to ! product (--  7#a7 ! numb] (  
,repres5tatives to :i* ! ,/ate is       
entitl$1 z provid$ "u ! notice2 &  7#b7 
#aej1jjj4  7b7 ,use ( funds ,a ,/ate    
%all use ! paym5t made "u ?is section to
 e/abli% & op]ate ! ,/ate's indep5d5t   
r$i/rict+ commission1 to implem5t !     
,/ate r$i/rict+ plan1 & to o!rwise c>ry 

out ,congressional r$i/rict+ 9 ! ,/ate4 
7c7 ,no paym5t to ,/ates ,elect+ ,memb]s
 at ,l>ge ,! ,election ,assi/ance       
,commission %all n make a paym5t "u ?is 
section to any ,/ate :i*1 "u !          
apportionm5t notice1 w elect all ( its  
,repres5tatives at l>ge4  7d7 ,requir+  
,submission ( ,selection ,pool z        
,condition ( ,paym5t ,! ,election       
,assi/ance ,commission may n make a     
paym5t to a ,/ate "u ?is section until !
 ,/ate c]tifies to ! ,commission t !    
nonp>tisan ag5cy e/abli%$ or designat$  
by a ,/ate "u section #cad7;a7 has1 9   
accordance ) section #cab7;b77#a71      
submitt$ a selection pool to ! ,select  
,committee on ,r$i/rict+ = ! ,/ate      
e/abli%$ "u section #cad7;b74  7e7      
,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are 
au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ su* sums z   
may be necess>y = paym5ts "u ?is        
section4  #ccb4 ,civil en=cem5t  7a7    
,civil ,en=cem5t  7#a7 ,actions by      
,attorney ,g5]al ,! ,attorney ,g5]al may
 br+ a civil action 9 an appropriate    

di/rict c\rt = su* relief z may be      
appropriate to c>ry out ?is title4  7#b7
 ,availability ( private "r ( action    
,any citiz5 ( a ,/ate :o is aggriev$ by 
! failure ( ! ,/ate r$i/rict+ plan :i*  
is enact$ into law "u section #cac to   
meet ! requirem5ts = su* a plan "u ?is  
title may br+ a civil action 9 an       
appropriate di/rict c\rt = su* relief z 
may be appropriate to rem$y ! failure1 s
 long z ! individual br+s ! action dur+ 
! #de-;day p]iod :i* beg9s on ! date on 
:i* ! plan is enact$ into law4  7b7     
,exp$it$ ,consid]ation ,9 any action    
br\ght =? "u ?is section1 ! foll[+ rules
 %all apply3 7#a7 ,! action %all be fil$
 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = !   
,di/rict ( ,columbia & %all be he>d by a
 #c-;judge c\rt conv5$ pursuant to      
section #bbhd ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,code4  7#b7 ,! #c-;judge c\rt %all    
consolidate actions br\ght = relief "u  
subsection 7b77#a7 ) respect to ! same  
,/ate r$i/rict+ plan4  7#c7 ,a copy ( ! 
compla9t %all be deliv]$ promptly to !  

,cl]k ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & !   
,secret>y ( ! ,s5ate4  7#d7 ,a f9al     
decision 9 ! action %all be reviewable  
only by appeal directly to ! ,supreme   
,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,su* appeal    
%all be tak5 by ! fil+ ( a notice (     
appeal )9 #aj days1 & ! fil+ ( a        
jurisdictional /atem5t )9 #cj days1 ( ! 
entry ( ! f9al decision4  7#e7 ,x %all  
be ! duty ( ! di/rict c\rt & ! ,supreme 
,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to advance on ! 
docket & to exp$ite to ! greate/        
possible ext5t ! disposition ( ! action 
& appeal4  7c7 ,attorney's ,fees ,9 a   
civil action "u ?is section1 ! c\rt may 
all[ ! prevail+ p>ty 7o!r ?an ! ,unit$  
,/ates7 reasonable attorney fees1       
includ+ litigation exp5ses1 & co/s4  7d7
 ,relation to ,o!r ,laws  7#a7 ,rights &
 rem$ies additional to o!r rights &     
rem$ies ,! rights & rem$ies e/abli%$ by 
?is section are 9 addition to all o!r   
rights & rem$ies provid$ by law1 & nei!r
 ! rights & rem$ies e/abli%$ by ?is     
section nor any o!r provision ( ?is     

title %all sup]s$e1 re/rict1 or limit ! 
application ( ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act (    
#aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq474   
7#b7 ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife ,no?+ 9 
?is title au?orizes or requires conduct 
t is prohibit$ by ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act (
 #aife 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #ajcja et seq474  
#ccc4 ,/ate apportionm5t notice def9$ ,9
 ?is title1 ! ,/ate apportionm5t notice 
means1 ) respect to a ,/ate1 ! notice   
s5t to ! ,/ate f ! ,cl]k ( ! ,h\se (    
,repres5tatives "u section #bb7;b7 ( !  
,act entitl$ ,an ,act to provide = !    
fifte5? & subsequ5t dec5nial c5suses &  
to provide = an apportionm5t (          
,repres5tatives 9 ,congress1 approv$    
,june #ah1 #aibi 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #b;a7b771
 ( ! numb] ( ,repres5tatives to :i* !   
,/ate is entitl$4  ,,iv ,g5]al          
,provisions  #dja4 ,no effect on        
elections = ,/ate & local (fice ,no?+ 9 
?is ,act or 9 any am5dm5t made by ?is   
,act may be con/ru$ to affect ! mann] 9 
:i* a ,/ate c>ries out elections = ,/ate
 or local (fice1 includ+ ! process by   

:i* a ,/ate e/abli%es ! di/ricts us$ 9  
su* elections4  #djb4 ,sev]ability ,if  
any provision ( ?is ,act or any am5dm5t 
made by ?is ,act1 or ! application ( a  
provision ( ?is ,act or an am5dm5t made 
by ?is ,act to any p]son or circum/ance1
 is held to be uncon/itutional1 !       
rema9d] ( ?is ,act1 & ! application ( ! 
provisions to any p]son or circum/ance1 
%all n be affect$ by ! hold+4  #djc4    
,effective date  7a7 ,r$i/rict+ ,title  
,,iii & ! am5dm5ts made by su* title    
%all apply ) respect to r$i/rict+ c>ri$ 
out pursuant to ! dec5nial c5sus        
conduct$ dur+ #bjbj or any succe$+      
dec5nial c5sus4  7b7 ,rank$ ,*oice      
,vot+2 ,use ( ,multi-,memb] ,di/ricts   
,titles ,i & ,,ii & ! am5dm5ts made by  
su* titles %all apply ) respect to      
elections = ,f$]al (fice held 9 #bjbb & 
ea* succe$+ ye>4