,i  #aae? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #cjdj  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,june #bc1 #bjag,mr4  
,cony]s 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,blum5au]1 ,mr4
 ,connolly1 ,mr4 ,meeks1 ,ms4 ,de,lauro1
 ,ms4 ,cl>k ( ,massa*usetts1 ,mr4 ,l>s5 
( ,wa%+ton1 ,mr4 ,nadl]1 ,mr4 ,lewis (  
,georgia1 ,ms4 ,lee1 ,mr4 ,c>twright1   
,ms4 ,mc,collum1 ,ms4 ,tsongas1 ,ms4    
,roybal-,all>d1 ,mr4 ,pascrell1 ,ms4    
,norton1 ,ms4 ,spei]1 ,mr4 ,huffman1    
,mr4 ,himes1 ,mr4 ,ellison1 ,ms4 ,judy  
,*u ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,mc,govern1 ,mrs4 
,watson ,coleman1 ,mr4 ,coh51 ,mr4 ,ru%1
 & ,ms4 ,l(gr57 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2
 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on        
,agriculture  ,a ,,bill  ,to direct !   
,adm9i/rator ( ! ,environm5tal          
,protection ,ag5cy to take c]ta9 actions
 relat$ to pe/icides t may affect       
poll9ators1 & = o!r purposes4  #a4 ,%ort
 title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,sav+  
,am]ica's ,poll9ators ,act ( #bjag4  #b4
 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7  
,poll9ation s]vices are a vital "p (    

agricultural production1 valu$ at ov]   
#abe1jjj1jjj1jjj globally4 ,accord+ to a
 #bjad ,presid5tial memor&um1 poll9ators
 provide = an annual am\nt (            
#bd1jjj1jjj1jjj to ! economy ( ! ,unit$ 
,/ates & honeybees acc\nt =             
#ae1jjj1jjj1jjj ( su* am\nt4 ,simil>ly1 
poll9ation s]vices ( native poll9ators1 
su* z bumblebees1 squa% bees1 & mason   
bees1 contribute ov] #c1jjj1jjj1jjj to !
 ,unit$ ,/ates agricultural economy &   
are e/imat$ to contribute betwe5        
#icg1jjj1jjj & #b1djj1jjj1jjj to !      
economy ( ,cali=nia alone4  7#b7        
,"o-?ird ( food produc$ 9 ,nor?         
,am]ica--includ+ ne>ly #ajj v>ieties (  
fruits & vegetables su* z almonds1      
avocados1 cranb]ries1 & apples--dep5ds  
on poll9ation by bees4  7#c7 ,ov] ! pa/ 
sev]al ye>s1 docum5t$ incid5ts ( colony 
collapse disord] & o!r =ms ( excess bee 
mortality h be5 at a record high1 ) "s  
beekeep]s repeat$ly los+ #ajj p]c5t ( _!
 op]ations4 ,! national honey crop      
report$ 9 #bjac 0 ! l[e/ 9 _m decades4  

7#d7 ,a rec5t national survey sponsor$  
by ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t indicates t ,unit$
 ,/ates beekeep]s exp]i5c$ a #de4b p]c5t
 annual mortality rate ) _! hives dur+ !
 p]iod beg9n+ 9 ,april #bjab & end+ 9   
,m>* #bjac4 ,dur+ ! w9t] ( #bjac-bjad1  
two-?irds ( beekeep]s exp]i5c$ loss     
rates great] ?an ! e/abli%$ acceptable  
w9t] mortality rate4  7#e7 ,accord+ to  
sci5ti/s at ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 
curr5t losses ( honeybee colonies are   
too high to confid5tly ensure ! ,unit$  
,/ates w be able to meet ! poll9ation   
dem&s = agricultural crops4  7#f7       
,native poll9ators1 su* z bumblebees1 h 
also suff]$ al>m+ population decl9es4   
,!re are curr5tly m ?an #dj poll9ator   
species f$]ally li/$ z ?reat5$ or       
endang]$1 & mo/ rec5tly1 ! iconic mon>* 
butt]fly has decl9$ by #ij p]c5t4  7#g7 
,sci5ti/s h l9k$ ! use ( a c]ta9 class (
 sy/emic insecticides1 kn[n z           
neonicot9oids1 to ! rapid decl9e (      
poll9ators & to ! det]ioration (        
poll9ator heal?4  7#h7 ,neonicot9oids   

cause suble?al effects1 includ+ impair$ 
=ag+ & fe$+ behavior1 disori5tation1    
weak5$ immunity1 delay$ l>val           
developm5t1 & increas$ susceptibility to
 viruses1 diseases1 & p>asites4 ,num]\s 
reports also docum5t acute1 le?al       
effects f ! application ( neonicot9oids4
  7#i7 ,conclusions f a rec5t global    
review ( ! impacts ( sy/emic pe/icides1 
prim>ily neonicot9oids1 w>n t !y are    
caus+ significant damage to a wide range
 ( b5eficial inv]tebrate species1 are a 
key factor 9 ! decl9e ( bees1 & pose a  
global ?reat to biodiv]sity & ecosy/em  
s]vices4 ,ano!r rec5t global review     
docum5t$ high levels ( fre%wat]         
contam9ation4  7#aj7 ,sci5ce has        
demon/rat$ t a s+le corn k]nel coat$ ) a
 neonicot9oid is toxic en\gh to kill a  
songbird4 ,pe]-review$ rese>* f !       
,ne!rl&s has %[n t ! mo/ sev]e bird     
population decl9es occurr$ 9 ^? areas   
:]e neonicot9oid pollution 0 highe/4    
,/>l+s1 tree sp>r[s1 & swall[s 7 among !
 mo/ affect$4  7#aa7 ,9 ,janu>y #bjac1 !

 ,european ,food ,safety ,au?ority      
det]m9$ t ! mo/ widely us$ neonicot9oids
 pose unacceptable haz>ds to bees1      
prompt+ ! ,european ,union to susp5d _! 
use on agricultural crops4  7#ab7 ,9    
,june #bjac1 ov] #ej1jjj bumblebees 7   
kill$ z a direct result ( exposure to a 
neonicot9oid appli$ to l9d5 trees =     
cosmetic purposes4  7#ac7 ,9 ,febru>y   
#bjad1 ,eug5e1 ,oregon1 vot$ to ban !   
use ( neonicot9oid pe/icides on city    
prop]ty4 ,simil> bans & re/rictions h   
be5 enact$ 9 ,?ur/on ,c\nty1 ,spokane1 &
 ,seattle1 ,wa%+ton1 & ,skagway1        
,alaska4  7#ad7 ,9 ,june #bjad1 a       
,presid5tial memor&um e/abli%$ a        
,poll9ator ,heal? ,task ,=ce aft]       
id5tify+ poll9ator decl9e z a ?reat to !
 su/a9ability ( food production sy/ems1 
! agricultural economy1 & ! heal? ( !   
environm5t 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7#ae7 ,9 
,july #bjad1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,fi% &     
,wildlife ,s]vice ann\nc$ plans to phase
 out neonicot9oid pe/icides 9 all       
national wildlife refuges across !      

,unit$ ,/ates by ,janu>y #bjaf4 ,!      
,unit$ ,/ates ,fi% & ,wildlife ,s]vice  
recogniz$ t ! prophylactic use (        
neonicot9oids = agricultural purposes   
h>ms a wide range ( nont>get species &  
is !re=e inconsi/5t ) ! managem5t policy
 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,fi% & ,wildlife     
,s]vice4  7#af7 ,9 ,octob] #bjad1 an    
assessm5t by ! ,environm5tal ,protection
 ,ag5cy f\nd t neonicot9oid se$ coat+s  
provide little b5efit to ov]all soybean 
crop yield4 ,additional /udies det]m9$ t
 9 approximately #hj to #ij p]c5t ( r[  
crop uses1 neonicot9oid coat+s are      
unnecess>y4 ,! prophylactic ov]use (    
neonicot9oids violates ! fundam5tal     
pr9ciples ( integrat$ pe/ managem5t4    
7#ag7 ,9 ,novemb] #bjad1 ! ,prov9ce (   
,ont>io1 ,canada1 ann\nc$ ! prov9ce w   
move to re/rict ! use (                 
neonicot9oid-coat$ corn & soybean se$s  
because ( ! broad h>ms f _! ov]use1 ) a 
goal ( #hj p]c5t r$uction by #bjag4     
7#ah7 ,9 ,septemb] #bjae1 ! ,circuit    
,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ,n9?        

,circuit rul$ to revoke ! ,environm5tal 
,protection ,ag5cy's approval =         
sufloxaflor--a neonicot9oid pe/icide4   
7#ai7 ,9 ,novemb] #bjaf1 ,heal? ,canada1
 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,canada )  
responsibility = national public heal?1 
propos$ a ban on almo/ all uses ( !     
neonicot9oid imidacloprid1 say+ x is    
seep+ into ,canadian wat]ways at levels 
t c h>m insects & ! ecosy/em4  7#bj7 ,! 
,presid5t's budget = fiscal ye> #bjah   
cuts fund+ = pe/icide review programs ( 
! ,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy by   
#bj p]c5t delay+ reviews ( new1         
pot5tially saf] pe/icides z well z      
reviews ( old]1 m dang]\s pe/icides su* 
z neonicot9oids4  #c4 ,urg5t regulatory 
response = honeybee & poll9ator         
protection  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an    
#ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is
 ,act1 ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,environm5tal 
,protection ,ag5cy %all susp5d !        
regi/ration ( imidacloprid1 clo?ianid91 
?iame?oxam1 d9otafuran1 & any o!r memb]s
 ( ! nitro gr\p ( neonicot9oid          

insecticides to ! ext5t su* insecticide 
is regi/]$1 conditionally or o!rwise1 "u
 ! ,f$]al ,insecticide1 ,fungicide1 &   
,rod5ticide ,act 7#g ,u4,s4,c4 #acf et  
seq47 = use 9 se$ treatm5t1 soil        
application1 or foli> treatm5t on       
bee-attractive plants1 trees1 & c]eals  
until ! ,adm9i/rator has made a         
det]m9ation t su* insecticide w n cause 
unreasonable adv]se effects on          
poll9ators bas$ on-- 7#a7 an evaluation 
( ! publi%$ & pe]-review$ sci5tific     
evid5ce on :e!r ! use or uses ( su*     
neonicot9oids cause unreasonable adv]se 
effects on poll9ators1 includ+ native   
bees1 honeybees1 birds1 bats1 & o!r     
species ( b5eficial insects2 &  7#b7 a  
complet$ field /udy t meets ! crit]ia   
requir$ by ! ,adm9i/rator & evaluates   
residues1 includ+ residue buildup aft]  
repeat$ annual application1 *ronic      
l[-dose exposure1 cumulative effects (  
multiple *emical exposures1 & any o!r   
protocol det]m9$ to be necess>y by !    
,adm9i/rator to protect manag$ & native 

poll9ators4  7b7 ,conditions on c]ta9   
pe/icides regi/rations ,not)/&+ section 
#c ( ! ,f$]al ,insecticide1 ,fungicide1 
& ,rod5ticide ,act 7#g ,u4,s4,c4        
#acf;a71 = purposes ( ! protection (    
honeybees1 o!r poll9ators1 & b5eficial  
insects1 ! ,adm9i/rator ( !             
,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy %all n 
issue any new regi/rations1 conditional 
or o!rwise1 = any se$ treatm5t1 soil    
application1 & foli> treatm5t on        
bee-attractive plants1 trees1 & c]eals  
"u su* ,act until ! ,adm9i/rator has    
made ! det]m9ation describ$ 9 subsection
 7a71 bas$ on an evaluation describ$ 9  
subsection 7a77#a7 & a complet$ field   
/udy describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b71 )   
respect to su* insecticide4  7c7        
,monitor+ ( native bees ,! ,secret>y ( !
 ,int]ior1 9 coord9ation ) !            
,adm9i/rator ( ! ,environm5tal          
,protection ,ag5cy1 %all1 = purposes (  
protect+ & ensur+ ! long-t]m viability (
 native bees & o!r poll9ators (         
agricultural crops1 horticultural       

plants1 wild plants1 & o!r plants-- 7#a7
 regul>ly monitor ! heal? & population  
/atus ( native bees1 includ+ ! /atus (  
native bees 9 agricultural &            
nonagricultural habitats & areas (      
ornam5tal plants1 resid5tial areas1 &   
l&scap$ areas2  7#b7 id5tify ! scope &  
likely causes ( unusual native bee      
mortality2 &  7#c7 beg9n+ n lat] ?an    
#ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is
 ,act & ea* ye> !reaft]1 submit to      
,congress1 & make available to ! public1
 a report on su* heal? & population     
/atus4