#aae? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 ,r4 
#bbbg  ,,an ,,act  ,to mod]nize         
,gov]nm5t in=mation te*nology1 & = o!r  
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ! ,mod]niz+ ,gov]nm5t        
,te*nology ,act ( #bjag or ! ,,mgt ,act4
  #b4 ,f9d+s2 purposes  7a7 ,f9d+s ,!   
,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,! ,f$]al
 ,gov]nm5t sp5ds ne>ly #ge p]c5t ( its  
annual in=mation te*nology fund+ on     
op]at+ & ma9ta9+ exi/+ legacy in=mation 
te*nology sy/ems4 ,^! sy/ems c pose     
op]ational risks1 includ+ ris+ co/s &   
inability to meet mission requirem5ts4  
,^! sy/ems also pose security risks1    
includ+ ! inability to use curr5t       
security be/ practices1 su* z data      
encryption & multi-factor au!ntication1 
mak+ ^! sy/ems p>ticul>ly vuln]able to  
malici\s cyb] activity4  7#b7 ,9 #bjae1 
! ,gov]nm5t ,acc\ntability ,(fice       
7,,gao7 designat$ ,improv+ ! ,managem5t 
( ,,x ,acquisitions & ,op]ations to its 
biannual ,high ,risk ,li/ & id5tifi$ z a
 p>ticul> conc]n ! increas+ level (     

in=mation te*nology sp5d+ on op]ations &
 ma9t5ance1 mak+ less fund+ available = 
developm5t or mod]nization4 ,! ,,gao    
also f\nd ! ,gov]nm5t has sp5t billions 
on fail$ & poorly p]=m+ in=mation       
te*nology inve/m5ts due to a lack (     
effective ov]sight4  7#c7 ,! ,f$]al     
,gov]nm5t mu/ mod]nize ,f$]al ,,x sy/ems
 to mitigate exi/+ op]ational & security
 risks4  7#d7 ,! effici5cies1 co/ sav+s1
 & great] comput+ p[] (f]$ by mod]niz$  
solutions1 su* z cl\d comput+1 h !      
pot5tial to--  7,a7 elim9ate            
inappropriate duplication & r$uce co/s2 
7,b7 address ! critical ne$ =           
cyb]security by design2 &  7,c7 move !  
,f$]al ,gov]nm5t into a broad1          
digital-s]vices deliv]y model t w       
trans=m ! ability ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t  
to meet mission requirem5ts & deliv]    
s]vices to ! ,am]ican p4  7b7 ,purposes 
,! purposes ( ?is ,act are ! foll[+3    
7#a7 ,assi/ ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t 9        
mod]niz+ ,f$]al in=mation te*nology to  
mitigate curr5t op]ational & security   

risks4  7#b7 ,inc5tivize co/ sav+s 9    
,f$]al in=mation te*nology ?r\gh        
mod]nization4  7#c7 ,accel]ate !        
acquisition & deploym5t ( mod]niz$      
in=mation te*nology solutions1 su* z    
cl\d comput+1 by address+ imp$im5ts 9 ! 
areas ( fund+1 developm5t1 & acquisition
 practices4  #c4 ,e/abli%m5t ( ag5cy    
in=mation te*nology sy/ems mod]nization 
& work+ capital funds  7a7 ,in=mation   
te*nology sy/em mod]nization & work+    
capital funds  7#a7 ,e/abli%m5t ,! head 
( a cov]$ ag5cy may e/abli% )9 su* ag5cy
 an in=mation te*nology sy/em           
mod]nization & work+ capital fund 79 ?is
 section ref]r$ to z ! ,,x work+ capital
 fund7 = necess>y exp5ses describ$ 9    
p>agraph 7#c74  7#b7 ,s\rce ( funds ,!  
foll[+ am\nts may be deposit$ into an   
,,x work+ capital fund3 7,a7            
,reprogramm+ & transf] ( funds made     
available 9 appropriations ,acts        
subsequ5t to ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is  
,act1 includ+ transf] ( any funds = !   
op]ation & ma9t5ance ( legacy in=mation 

te*nology sy/ems1 9 compliance ) any    
applicable reprogramm+ law or guidel9es 
( ! ,committees on ,appropriations ( !  
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,s5ate4     
7,b7 ,am\nts made available to ! ,,x    
work+ capital fund ?r\gh discretion>y   
appropriations made available subsequ5t 
to ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4  7#c7
 ,use ( funds ,an ,,x work+ capital fund
 e/abli%$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 may be us$1  
subject to ! availability (             
appropriations1 only = ! foll[+3  7,a7  
,to improve1 retire1 or replace exi/+   
in=mation te*nology sy/ems 9 ! cov]$    
ag5cy to enhance cyb]security & to      
improve effici5cy & effectiv5ess4  7,b7 
,to transition legacy in=mation         
te*nology sy/ems at ! cov]$ ag5cy to    
cl\d comput+ & o!r innovative plat=ms & 
te*nologies1 includ+ ^? s]v+ m ?an "o   
cov]$ ag5cy ) common requirem5ts4  7,c7 
,to assi/ & support cov]$ ag5cy ef=ts to
 provide adequate1 risk-bas$1 &         
co/-effective in=mation te*nology       
capabilities t address evolv+ ?reats to 

in=mation security4  7,d7 ,to reimburse 
funds transf]r$ to ! cov]$ ag5cy f !    
,te*nology ,mod]nization ,fund e/abli%$ 
"u section #d1 ) ! approval ( ! ,*ief   
,in=mation ,(fic] ( ! cov]$ ag5cy4  7#d7
 ,exi/+ funds ,an ,,x work+ capital fund
 may n be us$ to supplant funds provid$ 
= ! op]ation & ma9t5ance ( any sy/em )9 
an appropriation = ! cov]$ ag5cy at ! "t
 ( e/abli%m5t ( ! ,,x work+ capital     
fund4  7#e7 ,prioritization ( funds ,!  
head ( ea* cov]$ ag5cy %all prioritize  
funds )9 ! ,,x work+ capital fund to be 
us$ initially = co/ sav+s activities    
approv$ by ! ,*ief ,in=mation ,(fic] ( !
 cov]$ ag5cy1 9 consultation ) !        
,adm9i/rator ( ! ,(fice ( ,electronic   
,gov]nm5t4 ,! head ( ea* cov]$ ag5cy may
 reprogram & transf] any am\nts sav$ z a
 direct result ( su* activities =       
deposit into ! applicable ,,x work+     
capital fund1 consi/5t ) p>agraph       
7#b77;,a74  7#f7 ,return ( funds ,any   
funds deposit$ into an ,,x work+ capital
 fund %all be available = obligation =  

#c ye>s aft] ! la/ day ( ! fiscal ye> 9 
:i* su* funds 7 deposit$4  7#g7 ,ag5cy  
cio responsibilities ,9 evaluat+        
projects to be fund$ f ! ,,x work+      
capital fund1 ! ,*ief ,in=mation ,(fic] 
( ! cov]$ ag5cy %all consid]1 to ! ext5t
 applicable1 guidance issu$ pursuant to 
section #d7;a77#a7 to evaluate          
applications = fund+ f ! ,te*nology     
,mod]nization ,fund e/abli%$ "u t       
section t include factors su* z a /rong 
bus9ess case1 te*nical design1          
procurem5t /rategy 7includ+ adequate use
 ( increm5tal s(tw>e developm5t         
practices71 & program managem5t4  7b7   
,report+ requirem5t  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n   
lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t
 ( ?is ,act1 & e #f mon?s !reaft]1 !    
head ( ea* cov]$ ag5cy %all submit to ! 
,director ! foll[+1 ) respect to ! ,,x  
work+ capital fund = ! cov]$ ag5cy3 7,a7
 ,a li/ ( ea* in=mation te*nology       
inve/m5t fund$ ) e/imat$ co/ &          
completion date = ea* su* inve/m5t4     
7,b7 ,a summ>y by fiscal ye> (          

obligations1 exp5ditures1 & unus$       
balances4  7#b7 ,public availability ,! 
,director %all make ! in=mation submitt$
 "u p>agraph 7#a7 publicly available on 
a website4  7c7 ,cov]$ ag5cy def9$ ,9   
?is section1 ! t]m cov]$ ag5cy means ea*
 ag5cy li/$ 9 section #ija7;b7 ( title  
#ca1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4  #d4          
,e/abli%m5t ( te*nology mod]nization    
fund & bo>d  7a7 ,te*nology mod]nization
 fund  7#a7 ,e/abli%m5t ,!re is e/abli%$
 9 ! ,treasury a ,te*nology             
,mod]nization ,fund 79 ?is section      
ref]r$ to z ! ,fund7 = te*nology-relat$ 
activities1 to improve in=mation        
te*nology1 to enhance cyb]security      
across ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 & to be      
adm9i/]$ 9 accordance ) guidance issu$  
by ! ,director4  7#b7 ,adm9i/ration (   
fund ,! ,commission] ( ! ,te*nology     
,trans=mation ,s]vice ( ! ,g5]al        
,s]vices ,adm9i/ration1 9 consultation )
 ! ,*ief ,in=mation ,(fic]s ,c\ncil & ) 
! approval ( ! ,director1 %all adm9i/] !
 ,fund 9 accordance ) ?is subsection4   

7#c7 ,use ( funds ,! ,commission] %all1 
9 accordance ) ! recomm5dations ( !     
,te*nology ,mod]nization ,bo>d e/abli%$ 
"u subsection 7b71 use am\nts 9 ! ,fund 
= ! foll[+ purposes3  7,a7 ,to transf]  
su* am\nts1 to rema9 available until    
exp5d$1 to ! head ( an ag5cy to improve1
 retire1 or replace exi/+ ,f$]al        
in=mation te*nology sy/ems to enhance   
cyb]security & improve effici5cy &      
effectiv5ess4  7,b7 ,= ! developm5t1    
op]ation1 & procurem5t ( in=mation      
te*nology products1 s]vices1 &          
acquisition vehicles = use by ag5cies to
 improve ,gov]nm5twide effici5cy &      
cyb]security 9 accordance ) !           
requirem5ts ( su* ag5cies4  7,c7 ,to    
provide s]vices or "w p]=m$ 9 support ( 
! activities describ$ "u subp>agraph    
7,a7 or 7,b74  7#d7 ,au?orization (     
appropriations2 cr$its2 availability (  
funds  7,a7 ,au?orization (             
appropriations ,!re is au?oriz$ to be   
appropriat$ to ! ,fund #bej1jjj1jjj =   
ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjah & #bjai4  7,b7  

,cr$its ,9 addition to any funds o!rwise
 appropriat$1 ! ,fund %all be cr$it$ )  
all reimbursem5ts1 advances1 or refunds 
or recov]ies relat+ to in=mation        
te*nology or s]vices provid$ ?r\gh !    
,fund4  7,c7 ,availability ( funds      
,am\nts deposit$1 cr$it$1 or o!rwise    
made available to ! ,fund %all be       
available1 z provid$ 9 appropriations   
,acts1 until exp5d$ = ! purposes        
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c74  7#e7         
,reimbursem5t  7,a7 ,paym5t by ag5cy ,= 
a product or s]vice develop$ "u p>agraph
 7#c77;,b71 includ+ any s]vices or "w   
p]=m$ 9 support ( su* developm5t "u     
p>agraph 7#c77;,c71 ! head ( an ag5cy t 
uses su* product or s]vice %all pay an  
am\nt fix$ by ! ,commission] 9          
accordance ) ?is p>agraph4  7,b7        
,reimbursem5t by ag5cy ,! head ( an     
ag5cy %all reimburse ! ,fund = any      
transf] made "u p>agraph 7#c77;,a71     
includ+ any s]vices or "w p]=m$ 9       
support ( su* transf] "u p>agraph       
7#c77;,c71 9 accordance ) ! t]ms        

e/abli%$ 9 a writt5 agreem5t describ$ 9 
p>agraph 7#f74 ,not)/&+ any o!r         
provision ( law1 an ag5cy may make a    
reimbursem5t requir$ by ?is subp>agraph 
f any appropriation made available      
subsequ5t to ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is  
,act = in=mation te*nology activities1  
consi/5t ) any applicable reprogramm+   
law or guidel9es ( ! ,committees on     
,appropriations ( ! ,h\se (             
,repres5tatives & ! ,s5ate4 ,an         
obligation to make a paym5t "u a writt5 
agreem5t describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#f7 9 a   
fiscal ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t (   
?is ,act %all be record$ pursuant to    
section #aeja ( title #ca1 ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,code1 9 ! fiscal ye> 9 :i* ! paym5t is
 due4  7,c7 ,prices fix$ by commission] 
,! ,commission]1 9 consultation ) !     
,director1 %all e/abli% am\nts to be    
paid by an ag5cy & t]ms ( repaym5t = use
 ( a product or s]vice develop$ "u      
p>agraph 7#c77;,b71 includ+ any s]vices 
or "w p]=m$ 9 support ( su* developm5t  
"u p>agraph 7#c77;,c71 at levels        

suffici5t to ensure ! solv5cy ( ! ,fund1
 includ+ op]at+ exp5ses4 ,be=e mak+ any 
*anges to ! e/abli%$ am\nts & t]ms (    
repaym5t1 ! ,commission] %all conduct a 
review & obta9 approval f ! ,director4  
7,d7 ,failure to make timely            
reimbursem5t ,! ,commission] may obta9  
reimbursem5t by ! issuance ( transf] &  
c\nt]w>rants1 or o!r lawful transf]     
docum5ts1 support$ by itemiz$ bills1 if 
paym5t is n made by an ag5cy--  7i7 )9  
#ij days aft] ! expiration ( a repaym5t 
p]iod describ$ 9 a writt5 agreem5t      
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#f72 or  7ii7 )9   
#de days aft] ! expiration ( ! "t p]iod 
to make a paym5t "u a paym5t s*$ule = a 
product or s]vice develop$ "u p>agraph  
7#c77;,b74  7#f7 ,writt5 agreem5t  7,a7 
,9 g5]al ,be=e ! transf] ( funds to an  
ag5cy "u p>agraph 7#c77;,a71 !          
,commission] 79 consultation ) !        
,director7 & ! head ( ! requisition+    
ag5cy %all ent] into a writt5 agreem5t  
docum5t+ ! purpose = :i* ! funds w be   
us$ & ! t]ms ( repaym5t1 :i* may n exce$

 #e ye>s unless approv$ by ! ,director4 
,an agreem5t made pursuant to ?is       
subp>agraph %all be record$ z an        
obligation z provid$ 9 p>agraph         
7#e77;,b74  7,b7 ,requirem5t = use (    
increm5tal developm5t practices ,= any  
funds transf]r$ to an ag5cy "u p>agraph 
7#c77;,a71 9 ! abs5ce ( compell+        
circum/ances docum5t$ by ! ,commission] 
at ! "t ( transf]1 su* funds %all be    
transf]r$ only on an increm5tal basis1  
ti$ to metric-bas$ developm5t mile/ones 
a*iev$ by ! ag5cy1 to be describ$ 9 a   
writt5 agreem5t requir$ "u subp>agraph  
7,a74  7#g7 ,report+ requirem5t ,n lat] 
?an #f mon?s aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( 
?is ,act1 ! ,director %all publi% &     
ma9ta9 a li/ ( ea* project fund$ by !   
,fund on a public website1 to be updat$ 
n less ?an qu>t]ly1 t includes a        
description ( ! project1 project /atus  
7includ+ any s*$ule delay & co/         
ov]runs71 & f9ancial exp5diture data    
relat$ to ! project4  7b7 ,te*nology    
mod]nization bo>d  7#a7 ,e/abli%m5t ,!re

 is e/abli%$ a ,te*nology ,mod]nization 
,bo>d 79 ?is section ref]r$ to z !      
,bo>d7 to evaluate proposals submitt$ by
 ag5cies = fund+ au?oriz$ "u ! ,fund4   
7#b7 ,responsibilities ,!               
responsibilities ( ! ,bo>d are ! foll[+3
 7,a7 ,provide input to ! ,director = ! 
developm5t ( processes = ag5cies to     
submit mod]nization proposals to ! ,bo>d
 & to e/abli% ! crit]ia by :i* su*      
proposals are evaluat$1 :i* %all include
 address+ ! greate/ security &          
op]ational risks1 hav+ ! greate/        
,gov]nm5twide impact1 & hav+ a high     
probability ( success bas$ on factors   
su* z a /rong bus9ess case1 te*nical    
design1 procurem5t /rategy 7includ+     
adequate use ( increm5tal s(tw>e        
developm5t practices71 & program        
managem5t4  7,b7 ,make recomm5dations to
 ! ,commission] to assi/ ag5cies 9 !    
fur!r developm5t & ref9em5t ( select    
submitt$ mod]nization proposals1 bas$ on
 an initial evaluation p]=m$ ) !        
assi/ance ( ! ,commission]4  7,c7       

,review & prioritize1 ) ! assi/ance ( ! 
,commission] & ! ,director1 mod]nization
 proposals bas$ on crit]ia e/abli%$     
pursuant to subp>agraph 7,a74  7,d7     
,id5tify1 ) ! assi/ance ( !             
,commission]1 opportunities to improve  
or replace multiple in=mation te*nology 
sy/ems ) a small] numb] ( in=mation     
te*nology sy/ems common to multiple     
ag5cies4  7,e7 ,recomm5d ! fund+ (      
mod]nization projects1 9 accordance ) ! 
uses describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#c71 to !
 ,commission]4  7,f7 ,monitor1 9        
consultation ) ! ,commission]1 progress 
& p]=mance 9 execut+ approv$ projects &1
 if necess>y1 recomm5d ! susp5sion or   
t]m9ation ( fund+ = projects bas$ on    
factors su* z failure to meet ! t]ms ( a
 writt5 agreem5t describ$ 9 subsection  
7a77#f74  7,g7 ,monitor op]at+ co/s ( ! 
,fund4  7#c7 ,memb]%ip ,! ,bo>d %all    
consi/ ( eight vot+ memb]s4  7#d7 ,*air 
,! ,*air ( ! ,bo>d %all be !            
,adm9i/rator ( ! ,(fice ( ,electronic   
,gov]nm5t4  7#e7 ,p]man5t memb]s ,!     

p]man5t memb]s ( ! ,bo>d %all be !      
foll[+3 7,a7 ,! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,(fice 
( ,electronic ,gov]nm5t4  7,b7 ,a s5ior 
(ficial f ! ,g5]al ,s]vices             
,adm9i/ration hav+ te*nical exp]tise 9  
in=mation te*nology developm5t1 appo9t$ 
by ! ,adm9i/rator ( ,g5]al ,s]vices1 ) !
 approval ( ! ,director4  7#f7          
,additional memb]s ( ! bo>d  7,a7       
,appo9tm5t ,! o!r memb]s ( ! ,bo>d %all 
be appo9t$ z foll[s3  7i7 ,"o employee (
 ! ,national ,protection & ,programs    
,directorate ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,homel&    
,security1 appo9t$ by ! ,secret>y (     
,homel& ,security4  7ii7 ,"o employee ( 
! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se1 appo9t$ by !     
,secret>y ( ,def5se4  7iii7 ,f\r ,f$]al 
employees prim>ily hav+ te*nical        
exp]tise 9 in=mation te*nology          
developm5t1 f9ancial managem5t1         
cyb]security & privacy1 & acquisition1  
appo9t$ by ! ,director4  7,b7 ,t]m ,ea* 
memb] ( ! ,bo>d describ$ 9 p>agraph 7,a7
 %all s]ve a t]m ( #a ye>1 :i* %all be  
r5ewable up to ?ree times1 at !         

discretion ( ! appo9t+ ,secret>y or     
,director1 z applicable4  7#g7          
,prohibition on comp5sation ,memb]s ( ! 
,bo>d may n receive additional pay1     
all[ances1 or b5efits by reason ( _!    
s]vice on ! ,bo>d4  7#h7 ,/aff ,^u      
reque/ ( ! ,*air ( ! ,bo>d1 ! ,director 
& ! ,adm9i/rator ( ,g5]al ,s]vices may  
detail1 on a nonreimbursable basis1 any 
( ! p]sonnel ( ! ,(fice ( ,managem5t &  
,budget or ! ,g5]al ,s]vices            
,adm9i/ration 7z ! case may be7 to !    
,bo>d to assi/ ! ,bo>d 9 c>ry+ out its  
functions "u ?is ,act4  7c7             
,responsibilities ( commission]  7#a7 ,9
 g5]al ,9 addition to ! responsibilities
 describ$ 9 subsection 7a71 !           
,commission] %all support ! activities (
 ! ,bo>d & provide te*nical support to1 
&1 ) ! concurr5ce ( ! ,director1        
ov]sight (1 ag5cies t receive transf]s f
 ! ,fund4  7#b7 ,responsibilities ,!    
responsibilities ( ! ,commission] are ! 
foll[+3  7,a7 ,provide direct te*nical  
support 9 ! =m ( p]sonnel s]vices or    

o!rwise to ag5cies transf]r$ am\nts "u  
subsection 7a77#c77;,a7 & = products1   
s]vices1 & acquisition vehicles fund$ "u
 subsection 7a77#c77;,b74  7,b7 ,assi/ !
 ,bo>d ) ! evaluation1 prioritization1 &
 developm5t ( ag5cy mod]nization        
proposals4  7,c7 ,p]=m regul> project   
ov]sight & monitor+ ( approv$ ag5cy     
mod]nization projects1 9 consultation ) 
! ,bo>d & ! ,director1 to increase !    
likelihood ( successful implem5tation & 
r$uce wa/e4  7,d7 ,provide ! ,director )
 in=mation necess>y to meet !           
requirem5ts ( subsection 7a77#g74  7d7  
,ag5cy def9$ ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m ag5cy
 has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9 section #eea (
 title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4  #e4    
,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3  7#a7 ,cl\d    
comput+ ,! t]m cl\d comput+ has ! mean+ 
giv5 t t]m by ! ,national ,in/itute (   
,/&>ds & ,te*nology 9 ,,ni/ ,special    
,publication #hjj-ade & any am5datory or
 sup]s$+ docum5t !reto4  7#b7           
,commission] ,! t]m ,commission] means !
 ,commission] ( ! ,te*nology            

,trans=mation ,s]vice ( ! ,g5]al        
,s]vices ,adm9i/ration4  7#c7 ,director 
,! t]m ,director means ! ,director ( !  
,(fice ( ,managem5t & ,budget4  7#d7    
,in=mation te*nology ,! t]m in=mation   
te*nology has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9      
section #cejb ( title #dd1 ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,code4  7#e7 ,legacy in=mation         
te*nology sy/em ,! t]m legacy in=mation 
te*nology sy/em means an outdat$ or     
obsolete sy/em ( in=mation te*nology4   
,pass$ ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ,may   
#ag1 #bjag4;,cl]k4