,,iv  #aae? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,h4 ,,con4 ,,res4 #aad  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se  
,,( ,,repres5tatives  ,m>* #ac1         
#bjah,ms4 ,bonamici 7= h]self & ,mr4    
,pocan7 submitt$ ! foll[+ concurr5t     
resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee
 on ,education & ! ,work=ce  ,,concurr5t
 ,,resolution  ,recogniz+ !             
contributions ( ! public elem5t>y s*ools
 & second>y s*ools 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates z  
an inve/m5t 9 our c\ntry's future &     
expresses ! position ( ,congress t      
public funds %\ld be sp5t to /r5g!n     
public elem5t>y & second>y s*ools4      
,:]eas ! ,f\nd+ ,fa!rs envision$ public 
education z a compell+ gov]nm5t int]e/ &
 a public good2 ,:]eas ! ,elem5t>y &    
,second>y ,education ,act ( #aife       
affirm$ ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t's commitm5t  
to equity & a quality education = all   
/ud5ts2 ,:]eas 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates !      
,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 ,/ate gov]nm5ts1 &    
local gov]nm5ts fund public s*ools2     
,:]eas to /r5g!n our public education   
sy/em1 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t contributes on

 av]age #aj p]c5t ( public s*ools'      
ov]all rev5ue2 ,:]eas mo/ ,f$]al fund+  
is /atutorily direct$ to l[-income      
di/ricts to provide disadvantag$ /ud5ts 
) additional res\rces2 ,:]eas 9 _m      
,/ates1 s*ool di/ricts rely heavily on  
local prop]ty tax z a s\rce ( rev5ue =  
public s*ools2 ,:]eas 9 s*ool ye>       
#bjaf-bjag1 m ?an #bj ,/ates provid$    
few] funds to public elem5t>y & second>y
 s*ools ?an !y _h 9 ! #bjjh s*ool ye>1  
be=e ! ,great ,recession2 ,:]eas accord+
 to data f s*ool ye> #bjaa-bjab1 ne>ly  
half ( ,/ates sp5t less p] pupil 9      
high-pov]ty di/ricts ?an 9 l[-pov]ty    
di/ricts1 & #bj ,/ates sp5t less p]     
pupil 9 di/ricts t _h ! highe/ %>e (    
m9ority /ud5ts2 ,:]eas s9ce #bjjh1 !    
numb] ( public elem5t>y s*ool & second>y
 s*ool tea*]s & o!r s*ool work]s has    
fall5 by #ace1jjj :ile ! numb] ( /ud5ts 
has ris5 by #a1dai1jjj2 ,:]eas #ag      
,/ates ) tuition tax cr$it programs sp5d
 approximately #a1jjj1jjj1jjj ( public  
funds ea* ye> on private s*ools2 ,:]eas 

_m /udies %[ t v\*]s h a /ati/ically    
significant negative effect on /ud5t    
a*ievem5t2 ,:]eas a #bjag report by !   
,in/itute ( ,education ,sci5ces f\nd t !
 ,di/rict ( ,columbia's ,opportunity    
,s*ol>%ip ,program1 ! ,nation's only    
f$]ally fund$ v\*] program1 has a       
negative effect on ! ma!matics & read+  
a*ievem5t ( p>ticipat+ /ud5ts2 ,:]eas   
accord+ to a #bjaf /udy ( ! effects ( ! 
,l\isiana ,s*ol>%ip ,program on /ud5t   
a*ievem5t1 a typical /ud5t us+ a v\*]   
exp]i5ces a significant decrease 9      
ma!matics & read+ a*ievem5t--z mu* z #bd
 p]c5t 9 ma!matics 9 ! fir/ ye>2 ,:]eas 
! ,?omas ,b4 ,=dham ,in/itute's         
evaluation ( ! ,educational ,*oice      
,s*ol>%ip ,program 9 ,ohio e/imates t ! 
effects ( p>ticipation 9 ! v\*] program 
on te/ scores are unambigu\sly negative 
= ma!matics & read+2 ,:]eas enrollm5t 9 
private s*ools nationally has decreas$  
/eadily s9ce #bjja1 & few] /ud5ts are   
project$ to enroll 9 private s*ools 9 ! 
future2 ,:]eas _m private s*ools are    

rely+ on v\*] recipi5ts to /ay op52     
,:]eas a #bjac report by ! ,gov]nm5t    
,acc\ntability ,(fice f\nd t sev]al     
private s*ools 9 ! ,di/rict (           
,columbia's ,opportunity ,s*ol>%ip      
,program use ,f$]al v\*]s almo/         
exclusively to s]ve v\*] /ud5ts2 ,:]eas 
v\*] recipi5ts 9 ,florida make up !     
majority ( /ud5ts at ne>ly half !       
private s*ools t p>ticipate 9 ! ,/ate's 
v\*] programs2 ,:]eas = _m *ur*es 9     
,milwaukee1 ,wiscons91 t op]ate private 
s*ools1 ! fund+ !y receive f private    
s*ool v\*]s exce$s :at p>i%ion]s donate2
 ,:]eas accord+ to ! ,gov]nm5t          
,acc\ntability ,(fice's #bjag report1   
#hc p]c5t ( /ud5ts enroll$ 9 a          
disability v\*] program 7 9 a program t 
provid$ ei!r no in=mation or inaccurate 
in=mation ab\t *anges 9 rights "u !     
,individuals ) ,disabilities ,education 
,act2 ,:]eas public s*ools s]ve m ?an   
#ej1jjj1jjj /ud5ts1 m ?an #ij p]c5t (   
elem5t>y s*ool & second>y s*ool /ud5ts 9
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,:]eas public s*ools 9

 ! ,unit$ ,/ates play a c5tral role 9   
prep>+ g5]ations ( p to p>ticipate 9 our
 c\ntry's civic society & uphold        
democratic values & a commitm5t to      
equality2 ,:]eas inve/+ 9 public        
education is critical to ! future heal? 
( our economy1 our democracy1 & our     
c\ntry's global competitiv5ess2 ,:]eas !
 sy/em ( public education 9 ! ,unit$    
,/ates includes *oice = /ud5ts &        
families ?r\gh m ?an #c1jjj magnet      
s*ools1 m ?an #f1ejj public *>t] s*ools1
 #ce ,/ates ) intradi/rict op5 enrollm5t
 policies1 & #dc ,/ates ) int]di/rict   
enrollm5t policies2 ,:]eas inve/+ 9     
public education matt]s2 ,:]eas !       
res\rces ,congress inve/s 9 public      
s*ools make a significant diff]5ce1     
especially = l[-income /ud5ts2 ,:]eas ! 
,national ,bureau ( ,economic ,rese>*   
f\nd t1 = ea* #aj-p]c5t increase 9 fund+
 = high-pov]ty s*ools1 /ud5ts see a     
r\ghly #aj-p]c5t increase 9 future      
e>n+s1 & 9 addition1 increas$ inve/m5ts 
9 high-pov]ty s*ools raise educational  

atta9m5t & r$uce adult pov]ty2 ,:]eas ! 
solution to ! inequities 9 our public   
education sy/em is to provide a free1   
high-quality public education = all     
/ud5ts ) suffici5t res\rces = ea* public
 s*ool to give e /ud5t access to advanc$
 c\rse"w1 arts & music1 physical        
education1 safe s*ool build+s1 exp]i5c$ 
educators1 enri*+ aft]s*ool le>n+       
opportunities1 c>e] & te*nical education
 programs1 fully equipp$ libr>ies &     
comput] labs1 c\nselors & m5tal heal?   
pr(essionals1 & family engagem5t        
programs2 ,:]eas )\t quality public     
education1 !re w exi/ a great divide    
betwe5 ! educat$ & un$ucat$1 correspond+
 to ! divide betwe5 ! ri* & ! poor & !  
/rong & ! weak2 ,:]eas inve/+ 9 public  
education is critical to /ud5t heal? z  
public s*ools s]ve z a lifel9e = *ildr5 
:o c't access heal? s]vices outside (   
s*ool2 & ,:]eas ! solution is n to      
und]cut ! already "u-res\rc$ public     
s*ool budgets by %ift+ taxpay] fund+ to 
private s*ool v\*] programs t exac]bate 

inequality3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x  ,t        
,congress-- 7#a7 disapproves ( us+ &    
exp&+ ! use ( ,f$]al funds1 includ+ tax 
exp5ditures1 to subsidize tuition or o!r
 exp5ses associat$ ) /ud5ts enroll+ 9   
private elem5t>y s*ools & second>y      
s*ools1 except = limit$ all[ances       
p]mitt$ 9 law2  7#b7 affirms t public   
funds %\ld be us$ to support public     
elem5t>y s*ools & second>y s*ools only2 
&  7#c7 commits to increas+ ! inve/m5t (
 ,f$]al funds 9 public elem5t>y s*ools &
 second>y s*ools to r$uce inequity &    
improve opportunities = all /ud5ts 9    
public elem5t>y s*ools & second>y       
s*ools4