,,iii  #aad? ,,congress  #a/ ,session   
,s4 ,,res4 #aaf  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!
 ,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,m>* #bf1 #bjae ,mr4  
,graham 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,m55dez1 & ,mr4
 ,rubio7 submitt$ ! foll[+ resolution2  
:i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign  
,relations  ,,resolution  ,provid+ =    
free & fair elections 9 ,burma4  ,:]eas 
! ,union ,election ,commission ( ,burma 
ann\nc$ t ! c\ntry w hold g5]al         
elections 9 ! f9al qu>t] ( cal5d> ye>   
#bjae2 ,:]eas ,burma's hi/ory ) g5]al   
elections has be5 *>act]iz$ by          
controv]sy1 conflict1 & int]f]5ce       
in/igat$ by ! milit>y ( ,burma 7!       
,tatmadaw71 includ+ 9 ,may #aiij &      
,novemb] #bjaj1 & 9 ! ,april #bjab      
by-elections2 ,:]eas ! ,tatmadaw refus$ 
to transf] p[] to ! ,national ,league = 
,democracy 7,,nld71 an opposition       
political p>ty l$ by ,daw ,aung ,san    
,suu ,kyi1 foll[+ ! ,may #aiij elections
 9 :i* ! ,,nld won #cib ( #dib seats1 & 
us$ ! flaw$ #bjjh ,con/itution ( ,burma 
to und]m9e elections 9 ,novemb] #bjaj2  

,:]eas /at$ int5tions ( ! ,gov]nm5t (   
,burma to negotiate a ,f$]al union )    
e?nic lead]s & gr\ps is n mat*$ by !    
ongo+ ,tatmadaw (f5sives 9 ,ka*9 &      
,nor!rn ,%an ,/ates2 ,:]eas1 on ,m>* #e1
 #bjae1 & ,m>* #aj1 #bjae1 ! ,gov]nm5t (
 ,burma respond$ to peaceful /ud5t      
prote/s 9 ,rangoon & ,letpadan ) brutal 
viol5ce & deta9$ ov] #abj peaceful      
prote/ors2 ,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,nations     
,special ,repres5tative ( !             
,secret>y-,g5]al on ,sexual ,viol5ce 9  
,conflict /at$ on ,janu>y #bg1 #bjae1 ,i
 ''' urge ! ,gov]nm5t to put a f9al end 
to impunity = conflict-relat$ sexual    
viol5ce t is p>ticul>ly t>get+ e?nic    
m9ority areas42 ,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,nations
 ,special ,rapporteur on ! ,situation ( 
,human ,rights 9 ,myanm> /at$ on ,janu>y
 #af1 #bjae1 ,i rema9 p>ticul>ly conc]n$
 at ! failure ( measures to ensure      
acc\ntability ( milit>y (ficials1       
includ+ = sexual & g5d] bas$ viol5ce 9  
conflict zones42 ,:]eas ! ,tatmadaw     
cont9ues to wield un*eck$ political &   

economic p[] & influ5ce 9 ,burma1 z     
evid5c$ by ! consumption ( ov] #bc p]c5t
 ( ! national budget2 ! set-aside (     
"o-qu>t] ( ! seats 9 p>liam5t :i* gives 
! ,tatmadaw veto p[] ov] legislative &  
con/itutional re=ms2 & control ( !      
c\ntry's l>ge/ bus9ess conglom]ates1    
includ+ 9 ! natural res\rce sector2     
,:]eas ! #bjjh ,con/itution ( ,burma    
pres]ves & protects ! p[] & influ5ce ( !
 ,tatmadaw ?r\gh ,articles #dag1 #dah1  
#dbj1 & #dbe1 :i* provide ! ,presid5t ( 
,burma ) au?ority to decl>e a /ate (    
em]g5cy due to acts or attempts to take 
ov] ! sov]eignty ( ! ,union by          
insurg5cy1 viol5ce & wrongful or =cible 
means2 to transf] legislative1          
executive1 & judicial p[]s to !         
,comm&]-9-,*ief ( ! ,def5se ,s]vices to 
enable him to c>ry out ! necess>y       
measures to spe$ily re/ore its orig9al  
situation 9 ! ,union2 = su* ,comm&] to  
re/rict or susp5d z requir$1 "o or m    
fundam5tal rights ( ! citiz5s 9 !       
requir$ area2 & = su* ,comm&] to ext5d !

 /ate ( em]g5cy = two p]iods ( six mon?s
 ea*2 ,:]eas o!r provisions 9 ! #bjjh   
,con/itution ( ,burma are contr>y to    
democracy & ! rule ( law1 includ+       
,article #ei7;f71 :i* prohibits anyone f
 be+ ,presid5t :o has *ildr5 born       
outside ( ,burma2 ,article #ced1 :i*    
limits c]ta9 fre$oms t contradict laws  
enact$ = ,union security1 preval5ce (   
law & ord]1 community peace &           
tranquility or public ord] & morality2 &
 ,article #dcf1 :i* subjects            
con/itutional am5dm5ts to a #ge-p]c5t   
vote ?re%old 9 p>liam5t 7!reby confirm+ 
! ,tatmadaw's veto p[]72 ,:]eas ! ,,nld 
,c5tral ,executive ,committee releas$ a 
/atem5t on ,janu>y #ac1 #bjae1 express+ 
conc]n ) ! /all ( democratic transition 
& re=ms 9 ,burma1 & id5tify+ ! foll[+   
conditions z pr]equisites = free & fair 
g5]al elections3 con/itutional am5dm5ts 
9 l9e ) ! desire ( ! p2 gov]nm5t        
involvem5t t is free f bias2 fair &     
cr$ible en=cem5t ( election laws &      
regulations by ! ,union ,election       

,commission2 & cessation ( discrim9ation
 & bias by ! gov]nm5t to political      
p>ties2 ,:]eas ! ,comm&]-9-,*ief 9      
,burma ,g5]al ,m9 ,aung ,hla+ /at$ on   
,janu>y #ba1 #bjae1 reg>d+ ! plann$     
elections 9 ,burma1 ,:5 ?+s become      
really out ( control1 if ! ,presid5t    
says ! milit>y ne$s to /ep 91 9 t region
 or /ate1 ! milit>y w /ep 9 :5 a /ate ( 
em]g5cy is decl>$42 ,:]eas a /ate (     
em]g5cy & milit>y adm9i/ration 0 decl>$ 
on ,febru>y #ag1 #bjae1 9 ,kokang       
,self-,adm9i/]$ ,zone due to r5ew$ arm$ 
conflict2 ,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,nations      
,special ,rapporteur on ! ,situation (  
,human ,rights 9 ,myanm> /at$ on ,janu>y
 #ai1 #bjae1 ''' !re are signs t s9ce my
 la/ visit1 re/rictions & h>assm5t on   
civil society & ! m$ia may h wors5$ ''' 
,if ,myanm> is s]i\s ab\t transition+ to
 democracy1 x mu/ be s]i\s ab\t all[+   
p]sons affect$ by its actions to express
 _! fru/rations )\t be+ puni%$42 ,:]eas 
! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma respond$ to ! v>i\s
 conc]ns rais$ by ! ,special ,rapporteur

 ) accusations ( int]f]5ce 9 ,burma's   
int]nal affairs1 & po9t$ly fail$ to     
criticize sl&]\s comm5ts made by a      
,buddhi/ nationali/ monk :o call$ !     
,special ,rapporteur a bit* & :ore2     
,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t         
,repres5tative to ! ,unit$ ,nations     
,saman?a ,p[] /at$ 9 ,l\isville1        
,k5tucky1 on ,janu>y #ab1 #bjae1 ,burma 
is /ill a long way f be+ a              
rights-respect+ democracy4 ,! civilian  
gov]nm5t is /ill subord9ate to !        
milit>y1 & ! ,con/itution cont9ues to   
give ! milit>y ! broad au?ority to      
dismiss ,p>liam5t & veto any            
con/itutional am5dm5t42 ,:]eas          
,ambassador ,p[] fur!r /at$1 ,attacks   
aga9/ ! ,roh+ya & o!r ,muslim gr\ps h   
ev5 increas$ ''' ,yet virtually no "o   
has be5 held acc\ntable1 & ! humanit>ian
 situation cont9ues to det]iorate42     
,:]eas ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,burma1 "u !       
direction & lead]%ip ( ,presid5t ,!9    
,se91 submitt$ draft legislation to     
p>liam5t t seeks to /igmatize &         

discrim9ate aga9/ religi\s m9orities 9  
,burma ?r\gh co]cive population control1
 m>riage re/rictions1 & anti-conv]sion  
me?ods t violate e/abli%$ int]national  
human rights norms & in/rum5ts to :i*   
,burma is a p>ty2 ,:]eas ,ambassador    
,p[] reaffirm$1 ,our tools include      
inc5tiviz+ cont9u$ progress1 %9+ a      
bright light on ! gov]nm5t's %ortcom+1 &
 impos+ t>get$ sanctions on individuals 
:o /& 9 ! way ( *ange42 ,:]eas ,presid5t
 ,b>ack ,obama /at$ dur+ 8 visit to     
,burma on ,novemb] #ad1 #bjad1 t !      
,unit$ ,/ates expects elections 9 ,burma
 to take place on "t4 ,we d n want to   
see delays1 because x's "t = ! voice ( !
 p ( ,burma to be he>d 9 a fair1 free1 &
 transp>5t mann] ''' ! con/itution      
am5dm5t process ne$s to reflect         
inclusion r ?an exclusion1 t !re are    
c]ta9 provisions 9 ! ,burmese           
con/itution t objectively don't make mu*
 s5se42 & ,:]eas int]nationally         
recogniz$ /&>ds ( free & fair elections 
include3 ! "r ( adult citiz5s to regi/] 

& vote 9 elections1 )\t discrim9ation2  
equal opportunity = individuals to /& z 
c&idates1 =m political p>ties1 & conduct
 campaign & civic education activities  
free f int]f]5ce & intimidation2 ! fair 
& imp>tial conduct ( elections1 includ+ 
acc\ntable vot] regi/ration processes & 
transp>5t resolution ( election disputes
 by indep5d5t election commissions &    
judici>ies2 & an electoral environm5t t 
is free f fe>1 intimidation1 & viol5ce3 
,n[1 !re=e1 be x  ,t ! ,s5ate-- 7#a7    
endorses ! a=em5tion$ int]nationally    
recogniz$ pr]equisites = free & fair    
g5]al elections 9 ,burma & f9ds !m      
consi/5t ) ^? articulat$ by ! ,national 
,league = ,democracy 9 its ,janu>y #ac1 
#bjae1 /atem5t2  7#b7 calls ^u !        
,presid5t & ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate to--    
7,a7 publicly support mean+ful ef=ts to 
re=m ! #bjjh ,con/itution ( ,burma1 ) ! 
full & unfett]$ p>ticipation ( ! p (    
,burma & 9 a mann] t promotes & protects
 ! democratic developm5t ( ,burma &     
safegu>ds aga9/ arbitr>y & caprici\s    

int]f]5ce by ! ,tatmadaw2  7,b7 support 
free & fair elections 9 ,burma1 includ+ 
by tak+ bilat]al & multilat]al /eps1 z  
necess>y1 to ensure t ! ,tatmadaw & its 
affiliates d n influ5ce ! outcome ( su* 
elections 7includ+ ?r\gh a decl>ation ( 
a /ate ( em]g5cy 9 ord] to influ5ce or  
po/pone su* polls7 & t ,presid5t ,!9    
,se9 & o!r rul+ gov]nm5t (ficials d n   
engage 9 ! use ( (ficial res\rces       
7includ+ int]national assi/ance7 =      
electione]+2 &  7,c7 express solid>ity )
 ! ,unit$ ,nations special me*anisms t  
are inve/igat+ & prote/+ aga9/          
violations ( human rights 9 ,burma1 & to
 express conc]n reg>d+ ! ,gov]nm5t (    
,burma's refusal to "w coop]atively )   
su* me*anisms2  7#c7 calls ^u ! ,unit$  
,/ates ,gov]nm5t1 9 p>tn]%ip ) o!r      
int]national donors1 to ensure t !      
,gov]nm5t ( ,burma & ! ,union ,election 
,commission function 9 an indep5d5t1    
fair1 & imp>tial mann] ?r\gh\t !        
prep>ation & conduct ( elections 9      
,burma1 & t ! ,tatmadaw publicly affirms

 9 advance t x w honor ! results ( su*  
elections2  7#d7 expects ! ,presid5t to 
delay fur!r /eps t[>d normalization (   
relations ) ,burma1 includ+ imm$iately  
susp5d+ all milit>y-to-milit>y engagem5t
 ) ! ,tatmadaw1 %\ld ! ,gov]nm5t (      
,burma1 includ+ ! ,tatmadaw & any ( its 
affiliates1 und]m9e ! prospects = free &
 fair elections 9 ,burma2  7#e7 expects 
! ,presid5t to take additional actions  
to sanction specific individuals )9 !   
,gov]nm5t ( ,burma :om ! ,presid5t      
det]m9es und]m9e free & fair elections 9
 ,burma1 includ+ ?r\gh ! d5ial ( visas &
 freez+ ( assets ( su* individuals1 z   
appropriate2  7#f7 calls ^u ! ,presid5t 
& ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate to take action to 
ensure t e?nic gr\ps 9 ,burma are n     
co]c$1 9 any way or by any means1 into  
ceasefire agreem5ts ) ! ,gov]nm5t (     
,burma2  7#g7 calls ^u ! ,secret>y (    
,/ate to "w ) l-m9d$ regional &         
int]national gov]nm5ts to ensure t !    
g5]al elections 9 ,burma meet           
int]national /&>ds ( free & fair        

elections1 includ+ by ensur+ t          
int]national & dome/ic monitors h full &
 unimp$$ access to all aspects ( !      
electoral process2 &  7#h7 calls ^u !   
,secret>y ( ,/ate to publicly & =cefully
 condemn human rights abuses committ$ by
 ! ,tatmadaw & to dem& cr$ible &        
indep5d5t inve/igations & prosecutions (
 any & all allegations ( su* abuse1     
includ+ ) respect to--  7,a7 ! ,janu>y  
#ai1 #bjae1 rape & murd] by ! ,tatmadaw 
( two ,ka*9 volunte] s*ooltea*]s 9      
,nor!rn ,%an ,/ate2  7,b7 ! ,decemb]    
#bb1 #bjad1 murd] ( ,daw ,kh9 ,w91 a    
nonviol5t prote/or at ! ,letpadaung m9e 
site2  7,c7 ! ,novemb] #ai1 #bjad1 kill+
 ( #bc cadets 9 ,laiza1 ,ka*9 ,/ate1 by 
! ,tatmadaw's %ell+2  7,d7 ! ,octob] #d1
 #bjad1 murd] ( ,ko ,p> ,gyi 9 ,mon     
,/ate1 a freelance j\rnali/ & =m] body  
gu>d ( opposition political lead] ,aung 
,san ,suu ,kyi2 &  7,e7 ! ,septemb] #ac1
 #bjab1 fatal %oot+ by ! ,tatmadaw (    
#ad-ye>-old ,ja ,s5g ,+ 9 ,hpakant      
,t[n%ip1 ,ka*9 ,/ate4