,,ii  #aad? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #cbaj  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,july #ad1 #bjaf ,mr4  
,c>d9 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0    
read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on  
,=eign ,relations  ,a ,,bill  ,to       
id5tify & combat corruption 9 c\ntries1 
to e/abli% a ti]$ sy/em ( c\ntries )    
respect to levels ( corruption by _!    
gov]nm5ts & _! ef=ts to combat su*      
corruption1 & to assess ,unit$ ,/ates   
assi/ance to designat$ c\ntries 9 ord]  
to advance anti-corruption ef=ts 9 ^?   
c\ntries & bett] s]ve ,unit$ ,/ates     
taxpay]s4  #a4 ,%ort title  ,?is ,act   
may be cit$ z ! ,combat+ ,global        
,corruption & ,ensur+ ,acc\ntability    
,act ( #bjaf4  #b4 ,f9d+s & purposes    
7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7
 ,corruption erodes tru/ & confid5ce 9  
democratic in/itutions1 ! rule ( law1 & 
human rights protections4  7#b7 ,highly 
corrupt gov]nm5ts delib]ately weak5 /ate
 in/itutions1 especially ^? associat$ ) 
democratic acc\ntability1 9 ord] to     

improve _! *ances ( rema9+ 9 p[]4  7#c7 
,a direct correlation exi/s betwe5      
highly corrupt gov]nm5ts & human rights 
abuses )9 c\ntries rul$ by su*          
gov]nm5ts4  7#d7 ,corruption-- 7,a7     
fru/rates ! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to
 combat t]rorism2  7,b7 helps to fo/] ! 
conditions = viol5t extremism2 &  7,c7  
endang]s national & int]national        
security4  7#e7 ,corruption damages     
,unit$ ,/ates competitiv5ess globally & 
creates b>ri]s to economic gr[? ov]seas4
  7#f7 ,anti-corruption measures are    
in/rum5tal 9 protect+ human rights &    
a*iev+ su/a9able economic gr[?1 :i*     
b5efits a c\ntry's citiz5s & !          
int]national community ?r\gh ! creation 
( op5 & transp>5t m>kets4  7#g7         
,elim9at+ corruption requires great]    
transp>5cy & acc\ntability & effective  
civilian ov]sight4  7#h7 ,det]r+        
corruption requires ! cr$ible ?reat (   
prosecution to det] corrupt public      
s]vants f abus+ _! au?ority ) impunity =
 political or f9ancial ga9s1 9 collusion

 ) private entities4  7#i7 ,! ,unit$    
,/ates is a signatory to ! ,unit$       
,nations ,conv5tion ,aga9/ ,corruption1 
hav+ ratifi$ ! treaty on ,octob] #cj1   
#bjjf4  7#aj7 ,unit$ ,/ates =eign       
assi/ance c\ld be us$ to enc\rage actors
 )9 highly corrupt c\ntries to support a
 m inclusive1 j1 & democratic political 
& economic sy/em t ultimately           
contributes to regional /ability1       
cr$ible & legitimate ,unit$ ,/ates      
p>tn]s1 & m>kets = goods produc$ 9 !    
,unit$ ,/ates4  7#aa7 ,prev5t+          
corruption requires implem5t+ democracy 
& gov]nance programs )9 c\ntries receiv+
 ,unit$ ,/ates =eign assi/ance1         
includ+--  7,a7 anti-corruption tra9+2  
7,b7 anti-corruption te*nical assi/ance 
to national human rights in/itutions2   
7,c7 support = civilian anti-corruption 
ov]sight capabilities2  7,d7 !          
developm5t ( anti-corruption legal      
me*anisms2 &  7,e7 increas$ asset       
recov]y & audit+ capabilities4  7#ab7   
,poorly direct$ =eign assi/ance c\ld    

inadv]t5tly contribute to exclusive     
political & economic sy/ems t--  7,a7   
contribute to insecurity )9 ! c\ntries  
receiv+ su* assi/ance2  7,b7 /ymie _!   
citiz5s' democratic & economic          
aspirations2  7,c7 disc\rage a free     
press & civil society2 &  7,d7 imp$e    
,unit$ ,/ates =eign policy goals4  7#ac7
 ,effective corruption risk assessm5t & 
analysis be=e1 dur+1 & aft] ! provision 
( =eign assi/ance is a key elem5t =     
r$uc+ & elim9at+ corruption4  7#ad7     
,compreh5sive & timely data on =eign    
assi/ance programs is ! fir/ /ep to     
great] acc\ntability & scrut9y by donor 
in/itutions1 recipi5t /ates1 & civil    
society4  7#ae7 ,=eign assi/ance provid$
 to ! security sector ( a =eign c\ntry  
is n effective at /r5g!n+ weak def5se & 
security =ces unless x is prop]ly       
provid$ & closely monitor$ = corruption1
 includ+ div]sion & misuse4  7b7        
,purposes ,! purposes ( ?is ,act are--  
7#a7 to combat corruption 9 c\ntries by 
requir+ ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate to e/abli% &

 report on corruption 9 su* c\ntries & !
 ef=ts ( ! gov]nm5ts ( su* c\ntries 9   
combat+ su* corruption2  7#b7 to assess 
,unit$ ,/ates =eign assi/ance to        
designat$ c\ntries bas$ on ! corruption 
reports2 &  7#c7 to improve ! transp>5cy
 & acc\ntability ( ,unit$ ,/ates =eign  
assi/ance4  #c4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3
  7#a7 ,appropriate congressional       
committees ,! t]m appropriate           
congressional committees means-- 7,a7 ! 
,committee on ,=eign ,relations ( !     
,s5ate2  7,b7 ! ,committee on ,arm$     
,s]vices ( ! ,s5ate2  7,c7 ! ,committee 
on ,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se (          
,repres5tatives2 &  7,d7 ! ,committee on
 ,arm$ ,s]vices ( ! ,h\se (             
,repres5tatives4  7#b7 ,corrupt actor ,!
 t]m corrupt actor means--  7,a7 any    
=eign p]son or entity t is a gov]nm5t   
(ficial or gov]nm5t entity responsible  
=1 or complicit 9--  7i7 ord]+ or       
o!rwise direct+ acts ( significant      
corruption2 or  7ii7 facilitat+ or      
transf]r+ ! proce$s ( corruption to     

=eign jurisdictions2 or  7,b7 any       
company1 9 :i* a p]son or entity        
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 has a       
significant /ake1 :i* is complicit 9--  
7i7 direct+ or p>ticipat+ 9 significant 
corruption2 or  7ii7 facilitat+ or      
transf]r+ ! proce$s ( corruption to     
=eign jurisdictions4  7#c7 ,corruption  
,! t]m corruption means ! ext5t to :i*  
public p[] is ex]cis$ = private ga91    
includ+ by brib]y1 nepotism1 fraud1 or  
embezzlem5t4  7#d7 ,=eign assi/ance ,!  
t]m =eign assi/ance means-- 7,a7 aid    
giv5 by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t to o!r
 c\ntries--  7i7 to support global      
peace1 security1 gov]nm5t               
capacity-build+1 democracy1 & developm5t
 ef=ts2 or  7ii7 to provide humanit>ian 
relief dur+ times ( crisis2 &  7,b7     
programs au?oriz$ "u title #aj1 ,unit$  
,/ates ,code1 or "u any ,act ( ,congress
 t has be5 plac$ 9 title #bb1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,code1 t provide funds1 milit>y  
tra9+ or education1 or milit>y equipm5t1
 weaponry1 or s]vices to ano!r c\ntry = 

its milit>y =ces & security =ces1       
includ+ police & p>amilit>y =ces4  7#e7 
,gr& corruption ,! t]m gr& corruption   
means corruption committ$ at a high     
level ( gov]nm5t t-- 7,a7 di/orts       
policies or ! c5tral function+ ( !      
c\ntry2 &  7,b7 enables lead]s to b5efit
 at ! exp5se ( ! public good4  7#f7     
,petty corruption ,! t]m petty          
corruption means ! abuse ( entru/$ p[]  
by l[- & mid-level public (ficials 9 _! 
int]actions ) ord9>y citiz5s4  #d4      
,annual report & ti]$ rank+ sy/em  7a7  
,annual report ,to ensure ! transp>5cy1 
acc\ntability1 & effectiv5ess ( ,unit$  
,/ates =eign assi/ance programs1 n lat] 
?an ,june #a ( ea* ye>1 ! ,secret>y (   
,/ate %all submit a report to !         
appropriate congressional committees t--
  7#a7 describes ! /atus ( corruption 9 
=eign c\ntries2  7#b7 includes an       
assessm5t ( ! ef=ts by ! gov]nm5t ( ea* 
c\ntry to combat corruption1 includ+    
id5tify+ :i* c\ntries are meet+ ! m9imum
 /&>ds = ! elim9ation ( corruption set  

=? 9 section #e1 us+ an appropriate     
index or indices = measur+ corruption2 &
  7#c7 describes ! /atus ( ea* c\ntry's 
active memb]%ip 9 volunt>y multisectoral
 global gov]nance initiatives z evid5ce 
( ! c\ntry's gov]nm5t-l$ ef=ts to combat
 corruption4  7b7 ,publication ( ti]$   
rank+ li/  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( 
,/ate %all annually publi%1 on a        
publicly accessible website1 a ti]$     
rank+ t includes all c\ntries ^:        
gov]nm5ts d n fully comply ) ! m9imum   
/&>ds set =? 9 section #e4  7#b7 ,ti] #a
 c\ntries ,a c\ntry includ$ 9 ! rank+   
publi%$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all be rank$ z
 a ti] #a c\ntry if ! gov]nm5t ( su*    
c\ntry is mak+ s]i\s & su/a9$ ef=ts to  
comply ) ! m9imum /&>ds set =? 9 section
 #e4  7#c7 ,ti] #b c\ntries ,a c\ntry   
includ$ 9 ! rank+ publi%$ "u p>agraph   
7#a7 %all be rank$ z a ti] #b c\ntry if 
! gov]nm5t ( su* c\ntry is mak+         
significant ef=ts to comply ) ! m9imum  
/&>ds set =? 9 section #e4  7#d7 ,ti] #c
 c\ntries ,a c\ntry includ$ 9 ! rank+   

publi%$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all be rank$ z
 a ti] #c c\ntry if ! gov]nm5t ( su*    
c\ntry is mak+ m9imal ef=ts to comply ) 
! m9imum /&>ds set =? 9 section #e4     
7#e7 ,ti] #d c\ntries ,a c\ntry includ$ 
9 ! rank+ publi%$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all 
be rank$ z a ti] #d c\ntry if ! gov]nm5t
 ( su* c\ntry is mak+ de m9imis or no   
ef=ts to comply ) ! m9imum /&>ds set =? 
9 section #e4  #e4 ,m9imum /&>ds = !    
elim9ation ( corruption & assessm5t (   
ef=ts to combat corruption  7a7 ,9 g5]al
 ,! gov]nm5t ( a c\ntry is comply+ ) !  
m9imum /&>ds = ! elim9ation ( corruption
 if ! gov]nm5t--  7#a7 has enact$ laws &
 e/abli%$ gov]nm5t /ructures1 policies1 
& practices t prohibit corruption1      
includ+ gr& corruption & petty          
corruption2  7#b7 en=ces ! laws describ$
 9 p>agraph 7#a7 by puni%+ any p]son :o 
is f\nd1 ?r\gh a fair judicial process1 
to h violat$ su* laws2  7#c7 prescribes 
puni%m5t = gr& corruption t is          
comm5surate ) ! puni%m5t prescrib$ =    
s]i\s crimes2  7#d7 prescribes puni%m5t 

= petty corruption t-- 7,a7 provides a  
suffici5tly /r+5t det]r5t2 &  7,b7      
adequately reflects ! nature ( ! (f5se2 
&  7#e7 is mak+ s]i\s & su/a9$ ef=ts to 
elim9ate corruption4  7b7 ,factors =    
assess+ gov]nm5t ef=ts ,to combat       
corruption ,9 assess+ a gov]nm5t's ef=ts
 ,to combat corruption1 ! ,secret>y (   
,/ate %all consid]--  7#a7 :e!r !       
gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry vigor\sly           
inve/igates & prosecutes acts (         
corruption & convicts & s5t5ces p]sons  
responsible = su* acts t take place     
:olly or p>tly )9 su* c\ntry1 includ+1 z
 appropriate1 requir+ inc>c]ation (     
individuals convict$ ( su* acts2  7#b7  
:e!r ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry has adopt$   
measures to prev5t corruption1 su* z    
measures to in=m & educate ! public1    
includ+ pot5tial victims1 ab\t ! causes 
& consequ5ces ( corruption2  7#c7 :e!r  
gov]nm5t au?orities 9 ! c\ntry          
p>ticipate 91 facilitate1 or condone    
corruption2  7#d7 :at /eps ! gov]nm5t ( 
! c\ntry has tak5 to prohibit gov]nm5t  

(ficials f p>ticipat+ 91 facilitat+1 or 
condon+ corruption1 includ+ !           
inve/igation1 prosecution1 & conviction 
( su* (ficials2  7#e7 :i* gov]nm5t      
au?orities 9 ! c\ntry are involv$ 9     
activities to combat corruption2  7#f7 !
 ext5t to :i* ! c\ntry provides access1 
or1 z appropriate1 makes adequate       
res\rces available1 to civil society    
organizations & o!r in/itutions to      
combat corruption1 includ+ report+1     
inve/igat+1 & monitor+2  7#g7 :at /eps !
 gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry has tak5 to        
prohibit nongov]nm5t individuals f      
p>ticipat+ 9 corruption1 includ+--  7,a7
 ! inve/igation1 prosecution1 &         
conviction ( individuals involv$ 9      
corruption2  7,b7 ! crim9al & civil     
p5alties = corruption2 &  7,c7 !        
efficacy ( ! p5alties ref]r$ to 9       
subp>agraph 7,b7 9 elim9at+ or r$uc+    
corruption2  7#h7 :e!r !re is an        
indep5d5t judici>y or judicial body 9 ! 
c\ntry responsible =1 & effectively     
capable (1 decid+ corruption cases      

imp>tially1 on ! basis ( facts & 9      
accordance ) ! law1 )\t any re/rictions1
 improp] influ5ces1 inducem5ts1         
pressures1 ?reats1 or int]f]5ces1 direct
 or indirect1 f any qu>t] or = any      
reason2  7#i7 :e!r ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry
 vigor\sly inve/igates1 prosecutes1     
convicts1 & s5t5ces public (ficials :o  
p>ticipate 9 or facilitate corruption1  
includ+ nationals ( ! c\ntry :o are     
deploy$ 9 =eign milit>y assignm5ts1     
trade delegations abroad1 or o!r simil> 
missions1 :o engage 9 or facilitate     
sev]e =ms ( corruption2  7#aj7 :e!r !   
gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry-- 7,a7 is coop]at+ )
 gov]nm5ts ( o!r c\ntries to extradite  
corrupt actors :5 reque/$2 or  7,b7 to !
 ext5t t su* coop]ation w\ld be         
inconsi/5t ) ! laws ( su* c\ntry or )   
extradition treaties to :i* su* c\ntry  
is a p>ty1 is tak+ all appropriate      
measures to modify or replace su* laws &
 treaties s z to p]mit su* coop]ation2  
7#aa7 :e!r ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry is     
assi/+ 9 int]national inve/igations (   

transnational corruption networks & 9   
o!r coop]ative ef=ts to combat gr&      
corruption2  7#ab7 :e!r ! gov]nm5t ( !  
c\ntry recognizes ! rights ( victims (  
corruption & ensures _! access to       
ju/ice2  7#ac7 ! /eps tak5 by ! gov]nm5t
 ( ! c\ntry to assi/ victims (          
corruption1 includ+ ef=ts to prev5t     
victims f be+ fur!r victimiz$ or        
p]secut$ by corrupt actors1 gov]nm5t    
(ficials1 or o!rs2  7#ad7 :e!r !        
gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry refra9s f prosecut+ 
victims ( corruption or :i/lebl[]s due  
to su* p]sons hav+ assi/$ 9 expos+      
corruption1 & refra9s f o!r             
discrim9atory treatm5t ( su* p]sons2    
7#ae7 :e!r ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry1       
consi/5t ) ! capacity ( su* gov]nm5t--  
7,a7 sy/ematically monitors its ef=ts to
 satisfy ! crit]ia describ$ 9 p>agraphs 
7#a7 ?r\gh 7#ab72 &  7,b7 makes publicly
 available a p]iodic assessm5t ( su*    
ef=ts2 &  7#af7 su* o!r in=mation relat+
 to corruption z ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate    
consid]s appropriate4  #f4 ,transp>5cy &

 acc\ntability  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,not)/&+   
any o!r provision ( law1 prior to       
obligation by any ,unit$ ,/ates ag5cy ( 
=eign assi/ance1 except acute           
humanit>ian & disa/] assi/ance1 to a    
c\ntry rank$ z a ti] #c or ti] #d c\ntry
 "u section #d7;b71 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1
 9 coord9ation ) ! ,adm9i/rator ( !     
,unit$ ,/ates ,ag5cy = ,int]national    
,developm5t 7,,usaid7 & ! ,secret>y (   
,def5se1 z appropriate1 %all--  7#a7    
conduct a corruption risk assessm5t &   
create a corruption mitigation /rategy =
 all ,unit$ ,/ates =eign assi/ance      
programs to t c\ntry2  7#b7 require !   
inclusion ( anti-corruption clauses =   
all =eign assi/ance contracts1 grants1 &
 coop]ative agreem5ts1 :i* all[ = !     
t]m9ation ( ! contract1 grant1 or       
coop]ative agreem5t )\t p5alty if       
cr$ible indicators ( corruption are     
discov]$2  7#c7 require ! inclusion (   
appropriate clawback clauses = all =eign
 assi/ance contracts1 grants1 &         
coop]ative agreem5ts to recov] ,unit$   

,/ates taxpay] funds t h be5            
misappropriat$ f ! prime contractor1    
grantee1 or coop]ative agreem5t         
p>ticipant ?r\gh corruption2  7#d7      
require ! disclosure ( ! b5eficial      
own]%ip ( all contractors1              
subcontractors1 grantees1 coop]ative    
agreem5t p>ticipants1 & o!r             
organizations receiv+ fund+ f ! ,unit$  
,/ates ,gov]nm5t = =eign assi/ance      
programs2 &  7#e7 e/abli% a me*anism =  
inve/igat+ allegations ( misappropriat$ 
=eign assi/ance funds or equipm5t4  7b7 
,additional requirem5ts ,9 meet+ !      
requirem5ts "u subsection 7a7 & ov]see+ 
! implem5tation ( =eign assi/ance       
programs 9 ,ti] #c & ,ti] #d c\ntries1 !
 ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 9 coord9ation ) !   
,adm9i/rator ( ,,usaid & ! ,secret>y (  
,def5se1 z appropriate1 %all consid]--  
7#a7 implem5t+ appropriate safegu>ds to 
ensure t disclosure ( in=mation ab\t    
aw>d recipi5ts does n create additional 
security risks = ^? op]at+ 9 re/rictive 
environm5ts2  7#b7 ! ne$ to respond 9 a 

timely mann] to programmatic ne$s &     
prev5t significant delays 9 ! obligation
 ( =eign assi/ance fund+1 :i* c\ld      
disrupt ! implem5tation ( programs &    
r$uce program effectiv5ess2  7#c7       
programm+ =eign assi/ance res\rces1     
includ+ democracy1 rights1 & gov]nance  
assi/ance1 bas$ on ne$1 =eign policy1 & 
developm5t priorities1 /rategic plann+1 
& :]e assi/ance c be mo/ effective2 &   
7#d7 crit]ia = mak+ a recomm5dation     
reg>d+ ! t]m9ation ( any contracts1     
grants1 or coop]ative agreem5ts det]m9$ 
to be associat$ ) corruption &          
crim9ality4  7c7 ,/rategy = incorporat+ 
corruption risk assessm5ts ,9 ord] to   
ensure mean+ful foll[-?r\gh on ! ,unit$ 
,/ates ,gov]nm5t's rec5t commitm5t to   
/r5g!n att5tion to anti-corruption 9    
security coop]ation & ! provision (     
security assi/ance at ! ,unit$ ,global  
,anti-,corruption ,summit1 ! ,secret>y (
 ,/ate & ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se1 n lat]  
?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t (
 ?is ,act1 %all submit a /rategy to !   

appropriate congressional committees t  
details--  7#a7 h[ ! ,unit$ ,/ates      
,gov]nm5t w incorporate corruption risk 
assessm5ts dur+ security sector         
assi/ance ) =eign security =ces2 &  7#b7
 h[ security sector assi/ance w improve 
security sector gov]nance1 z            
appropriate4  #g4 ,res\rces & report+   
requirem5ts  7a7 ,annual report  7#a7 ,9
 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all submit 
an annual report to ! appropriate       
congressional committees t outl9es !    
res\rces ne$$ to meet ! objectives &    
reports "u sections #d ?r\gh #f1        
includ+--  7,a7 intellig5ce data        
collection ne$s2  7,b7 p]sonnel ne$s2   
7,c7 in=mation te*nology requirem5ts2 & 
7,d7 a description ( ! bureaucratic     
/ructure ( ! (fices )9 ! ,dep>tm5t (    
,/ate & ,,usaid t are engag$ 9          
anti-corruption activities4  7#b7 ,=m ,!
 report submitt$ "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all  
be submitt$ 9 unclassifi$ =m1 b may     
include a classifi$ annex4  7b7 ,onl9e  
plat=m ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate & !         

,adm9i/rator ( ,,usaid %all consolidate 
exi/+ reports ) anti-corruption         
compon5ts into "o onl9e1 public plat=m1 
:i* %all--  7#a7 include-- 7,a7 ! ,human
 ,rights ,report2  7,b7 ! ,fiscal       
,transp>5cy ,report2  7,c7 ! ,inve/m5t  
,climate ,/atem5t reports2  7,d7 !      
,int]national ,n>cotics ,control        
,/rategy ,report2 &  7,e7 any o!r       
relevant public reports2  7#b7 l9k to   
?ird-p>ty indicators us$ by ! ,unit$    
,/ates ,gov]nm5t to in=m policy &       
programm+1 su* z--  7,a7 ! ,_w ,bank    
,control ( ,corruption indicator2  7,b7 
! ,_w ,bank's ,actionable ,gov]nance    
,index ,data ,portal2  7,c7 !           
,int]national ,f9ance ,corporation's    
,do+ ,bus9ess surveys2  7,d7 !          
,int]national ,budget ,p>tn]%ip's ,op5  
,budget ,index2  7,e7 ! ,global         
,integrity ,index2 &  7,f7 multilat]al  
pe] review anti-corruption compliance   
me*anisms1 su* z ! ,,oecd ,work+ ,gr\p  
on ,brib]y & ,unit$ ,nations ,conv5tion 
,aga9/ ,corruption1 to fur!r highlight  

exp]t int]national views on c\ntry      
*all5ges & c\ntry ef=ts4  7c7 ,tra9+ ,to
 increase ! ability ( ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate 
& ,,usaid p]sonnel to support           
anti-corruption z a =eign policy &      
developm5t priority1 & /r5g!n _! ability
 to design1 implem5t1 & evaluate m      
effective anti-corruption programm+     
ar\nd ! _w1 includ+ enhanc$ skills to   
bett] evaluate & mitigate corruption    
risks 9 assi/ance programs1 ! ,secret>y 
( ,/ate & ! ,adm9i/rator ( ,,usaid %all 
incorporate anti-corruption compon5ts   
into exi/+ ,=eign ,s]vice & ,civil      
,s]vice tra9+ c\rses4  #h4 ,s5se (      
,congress on corruption & b5eficial     
own]%ip ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t      
id5tify+ ! true b5eficial own]s (       
companies =m$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates or      
abroad1 & prop]ty t has be5 remov$ f a  
c\ntry 9 connection ) corrupt activities
 by corrupt lead]s or o!r corrupt       
actors1 is an important "p ( combat+    
corruption1 & ! ,presid5t %\ld develop a
 compreh5sive approa* to requir+ su*    

b5eficial own]%ip in=mation = companies 
=m$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates or abroad1 &      
int5sify coop]ative ef=ts ) ,u4,s4      
allies t[>d ^? ends4