,,ii #aad? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,s4 #acaf ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,may #ac1 #bjae,ms4 ,murk[ski introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,en]gy & ,natural ,res\rces ,a ,,bill ,to provide = ! ret5tion & future use ( c]ta9 l& 9 ,po9t ,sp5c]1 ,alaska1 to support ! mission ( ! ,coa/ ,gu>d1 to convey c]ta9 l& 9 ,po9t ,sp5c] to ! ,b]+ ,/raits ,native ,corporation1 to convey c]ta9 l& 9 ,po9t ,sp5c] to ! ,/ate ( ,alaska1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,po9t ,sp5c] ,l& ,conveyance ,act4 #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds z foll[s3 7#a7 ,major %ipp+ traffic is increas+ ?r\gh ! ,b]+ ,/rait1 ! ,b]+ & ,*uk*i ,seas1 & ! ,arctic ,ocean & w cont9ue to increase :e!r or n developm5t ( ! out] ,cont95tal ,%elf ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is und]tak5 9 ! future & w increase fur!r if su* out] ,cont95tal ,%elf developm5t is und]tak54 7#b7 ,!re is a compell+ national1 ,/ate1 ,alaska ,native1 & private sector ne$ = p]man5t infra/ructure developm5t & = a pres5ce 9 ! ,arctic region ( ,alaska by appropriate ag5cies ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 p>ticul>ly 9 proximity to ! ,b]+ ,/rait1 to support & facilitate se>* & rescue1 %ipp+ safety1 economic developm5t1 oil spill prev5tion & response1 protection ( ,alaska ,native ar*aeological & cultural res\rces1 port ( refuge1 ,arctic rese>*1 & m>itime law en=cem5t on ! ,b]+ ,sea1 ! ,*uk*i ,sea1 & ! ,arctic ,ocean4 7#c7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates owns a p>cel ( l&1 kn[n z ,po9t ,sp5c]1 locat$ betwe5 ! ,b]+ ,/rait & ,port ,cl>5ce & adjac5t to "s ( ! be/ pot5tial deepwat] port sites on ! coa/ ( ,alaska 9 ! ,arctic4 7#d7 ,prud5t & effective use ( ,po9t ,sp5c] may be be/ a*iev$ ?r\gh m>%al+ ! en]gy1 res\rces1 & lead]%ip ( ! public & private sectors4 7#e7 ,x is 9 ! national int]e/ to develop infra/ructure at ,po9t ,sp5c] t w\ld aid ! ,coa/ ,gu>d 9 p]=m+ its /atutory duties & functions 9 ! ,arctic on a m p]man5t basis & to all[ = public & private sector developm5t ( facilities & o!r infra/ructure to support purposes t are ( b5efit to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 #c4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,arctic ,! t]m ,arctic has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9 section #aab ( ! ,arctic ,rese>* & ,policy ,act ( #aihd 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #daaa74 7#b7 ,,bsnc ,! t]m ,,bsnc means ! ,b]+ ,/raits ,native ,corporation au?oriz$ "u section #g ( ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afjf74 7#c7 ,c\ncil ,! t]m ,c\ncil means ! ,port ,coord9ation ,advisory ,c\ncil e/abli%$ "u section #e7;a74 7#d7 ,plan ,! t]m ,plan means ! ,port ,managem5t ,coord9ation ,plan develop$ "u section #e7;c74 7#e7 ,po9t ,sp5c] ,! t]m ,po9t ,sp5c] means ! l& kn[n z ,po9t ,sp5c] locat$ betwe5 ! ,b]+ ,/rait & ,port ,cl>5ce & )drawn by ,public ,l& ,ord] #bfej 7publi%$ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] on ,april #ab1 #aifb71 & locat$ 9 ,t[n%ips #b1 #c1 & #d ,s\?1 ,range #dj ,we/1 ,kateel ,riv] ,m]idian1 ,alaska4 7#f7 ,secret>y ,except z o!rwise specifically provid$1 ! t]m ,secret>y means ! ,secret>y ( ! dep>tm5t 9 :i* ! ,coa/ ,gu>d is op]at+4 7#g7 ,/ate ,! t]m ,/ate means ! ,/ate ( ,alaska4 7#h7 ,tract ,! t]m ,tract means ,tract #a1 ,tract #b1 ,tract #c1 ,tract #d1 ,tract #e1 or ,tract #f1 z appropriate4 7#i7 ,tracts #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #e1 & #f ,! t]ms ,tract #a1 ,tract #b1 ,tract #c1 ,tract #d1 ,tract #e1 & ,tract #f ea* mean ! l& g5]ally depict$ z ,tract #a1 ,tract #b1 ,tract #c1 ,tract #d1 ,tract #e1 or ,tract #f1 respectively1 & g5]ally depict$ z su* ,tract on ! map entitl$ ! ,po9t ,sp5c] ,l& ,ret5tion & ,conveyance ,map1 dat$ ,janu>y #bjae1 & on file ) ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,homel& ,security & ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior4 #d4 ,au?ority to convey l& 9 ,po9t ,sp5c] 7a7 ,au?ority ,to convey ,tracts #a1 #c1 & #d ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all convey1 subject to valid exi/+ rights1 all "r1 title1 & int]e/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 & to ! surface & subsurface e/ates ( ,tract #a1 ,tract #c1 & ,tract #d 9 accordance ) subsection 7d7 if ! ,secret>y notifies ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior t ! ,coa/ ,gu>d no long] ne$s to reta9 jurisdiction ov] any portion ( ,tract #a1 ,tract #c1 or ,tract #d & ! requirem5ts ( subsection 7f7 are met = ea* su* ,tract to be convey$4 7b7 ,au?ority ,to convey ,tracts #b & #e ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all convey1 subject to valid exi/+ rights1 all "r1 title1 & int]e/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 & to ! surface & subsurface e/ates ( ,tract #b & ,tract #e 9 accordance ) subsection 7d7 if ! requirem5ts ( subsection 7f7 are met = ea* su* ,tract to be convey$4 7c7 ,au?ority ,to transf] ,tract #f ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all convey1 subject to valid exi/+ rights1 all "r1 title1 & int]e/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 & to ! surface & subsurface e/ates ( ,tract #f 9 accordance ) subsection 7e7 if ! requirem5ts ( subsection 7f7 are met4 7d7 ,ord] ( (f] ,to convey ,tract #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 or #e 7#a7 ,det]m9ation & (f] 7,a7 ,tract #a1 #c1 or #d ,if ! ,secret>y makes ! det]m9ation "u subsection 7a7 & ! requirem5ts ( subsection 7f7 are met = ,tract #a1 #c1 or #d1 or a portion ( su* ,tract1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all (f] su* ,tract or portion ( su* ,tract = conveyance to ,,bsnc "u ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afja et seq474 7,b7 ,tract #b or #e ,if ! requirem5ts ( subsection 7f7 are met = ,tract #b or ,tract #e1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all (f] su* ,tract = conveyance to ,,bsnc "u ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afja et seq474 7#b7 ,(f] to ,,bsnc 7,a7 ,acceptance by ,,bsnc ,if ,,bsnc *ooses to accept an (f] ( conveyance ( a ,tract "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all consid] su* ,tract z )9 ,,bsnc's entitlem5t "u section #ad7;h77#h7 ( ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afac7;h77#h77 & %all convey su* ,tract to ,,bsnc4 7,b7 ,decl9e by ,,bsnc ,if ,,bsnc decl9es to accept an (f] ( conveyance ( a ,tract "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all (f] su* ,tract = conveyance to ! ,/ate "u ! ,act ( ,july #g1 #aieh 7commonly kn[n z ! ,alaska ,/atehood ,act7 7#dh ,u4,s4,c4 note prec4 #ba2 ,public ,law #he-ejh74 7#c7 ,(f] to ,/ate 7,a7 ,acceptance by ,/ate ,if ! ,/ate *ooses to accept an (f] ( conveyance ( a ,tract "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b71 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all consid] su* ,tract z )9 ! ,/ate's entitlem5t "u ! ,act ( ,july #g1 #aieh 7commonly kn[n z ! 8,alaska ,/atehood ,act07 7#dh ,u4,s4,c4 note prec4 #ba2 ,public ,law #he-ejh7 & %all convey su* ,tract to ! ,/ate4 7,b7 ,decl9e by ,/ate ,if ! ,/ate decl9es to accept an (f] ( conveyance ( a ,tract (f]$ "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b71 su* ,tract %all be dispos$ ( pursuant to applicable public l& laws4 7e7 ,ord] ( (f] ,to convey ,tract #f 7#a7 ,(f] ,if ! requirem5ts "u subsection 7f7 are met = ,tract #f1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all (f] su* ,tract = conveyance to ! ,/ate4 7#b7 ,(f] to ,/ate 7,a7 ,acceptance by ,/ate ,if ! ,/ate *ooses to accept an (f] ( conveyance ( ,tract #f "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all consid] ,tract #f z )9 ! ,/ate's entitlem5t "u ! ,act ( ,july #g1 #aieh 7commonly kn[n z ! 8,alaska ,/atehood ,act07 7#dh ,u4,s4,c4 note prec4 #ba2 ,public ,law #he-ejh7 & %all convey ,tract #f to ! ,/ate4 7,b7 ,decl9e by ,/ate ,if ! ,/ate decl9es to accept an (f] ( conveyance ( ,tract #f "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all (f] ,tract #f = conveyance to ,,bsnc "u ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afja et seq474 7#c7 ,(f] to ,,bsnc 7,a7 ,acceptance by ,,bsnc 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to clause 7ii71 if ,,bsnc *ooses to accept an (f] ( conveyance ( ,tract #f "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b71 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all consid] ,tract #f z )9 ,,bsnc's entitlem5t "u section #ad7;h77#h7 ( ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afac7;h77#h77 & %all convey ,tract #f to ,,bsnc4 7ii7 ,lease by ! ,/ate ,! conveyance ( ,tract #f to ,,bsnc %all be subject to ,,bsnc negotiat+ a lease ( ,tract #f to ! ,/ate at no co/ to ! ,/ate1 if ! ,/ate reque/s su* a lease4 7,b7 ,decl9e by ,,bsnc ,if ,,bsnc decl9es to accept an (f] ( conveyance ( ,tract #f "u p>agraph 7#b77;,b71 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all dispose ( ,tract #f pursuant to ! applicable public l& laws4 7f7 ,t]ms ( conveyance 7#a7 ,environm5tal compliance 7,a7 ,tract #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #e1 or #f 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all n convey ,tract #a1 ,tract #b1 ,tract #c1 ,tract #d1 ,tract #e1 or ,tract #f "u ?is section until-- 7,i7 ! ,secret>y c]tifies t ! applicable requirem5ts "u section #abj7;h7 ( ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response1 ,comp5sation1 & ,liability ,act ( #aihj 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ifbj7;h77 & o!r applicable environm5tal laws h be5 satisfi$ = l& 9 su* ,tract2 or 7,,ii7 ! ,bo>d ( ,directors ( ,,bsnc adopts & submits to ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior a resolution /at+ t ,,bsnc is will+ to accept ,tract #a1 ,tract #b1 ,tract #c1 ,tract #d1 ,tract #e1 or ,tract #f1 z appropriate1 z is at ! "t ( su* conveyance1 bas$ on kn[n contam9ation4 7ii7 ,z is ,9 ?is subp>agraph1 ! t]m z is means ! physical condition ( ,tract #a1 ,tract #b1 ,tract #c1 ,tract #d1 ,tract #e1 or ,tract #f1 z appropriate1 at ! "t ( ! conveyance ( su* ,tract1 includ+ ) respect to any kn[n contam9ation by haz>d\s mat]ials or sub/ances4 7,b7 ,l& to be convey$ to ! ,/ate or ,,bsnc 7i7 ,environm5tal compliance ,to ! ext5t cleanup & rem$iation ( haz>d\s sub/ances on l& 9 a ,tract to be convey$ to ! ,/ate or to ,,bsnc are requir$ by exi/+ law1 all environm5tal compliance activities pursuant to section #abj7;h7 ( ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response1 ,comp5sation1 & ,liability ,act ( #aihj 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ifbj7;h77 & o!r applicable environm5tal laws %all be satisfi$4 7ii7 ,monitor+ ( kn[n contam9ation ,not)/&+ section #abj7;h7 ( ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response1 ,comp5sation1 & ,liability ,act ( #aihj & o!r applicable environm5tal laws1 any kn[n contam9ation 9 a ,tract to be convey$ t does n pose an imm$iate or long-t]m heal? or environm5tal risk may be r\t9ely monitor$ & manag$ by ! ,/ate or ,,bsnc1 z applicable1 ?r\gh in/itutional controls 9 accordance ) ! laws ( ! ,/ate4 7iii7 ,lat] f\nd contam9ation ,if preexi/+ contam9ation f haz>d\s mat]ials & sub/ances are f\nd to be pres5t 9 a ,tract aft] ! date ! ,tract is convey$ to ! ,/ate or ,,bsnc1 responsibility = cleanup & rem$iation ( su* contam9ation %all cont9ue to be gov]n$ by section #abj7;h77#c7 ( ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response1 ,comp5sation1 & ,liability ,act ( #aihj 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ifbj7;h77#c771 applicable provisions ( *apt] #ai ( title #ad1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 & applicable laws ( ! ,/ate4 7,c7 ,l& to be reta9$ by ! ,coa/ ,gu>d ,) respect to l& 9 ,tract #a1 ,tract #c1 or ,tract #d to be reta9$ by ! ,coa/ ,gu>d1 no?+ 9 ?is section may be con/ru$ to limit ! obligation ( ! ,coa/ ,gu>d to comply ) applicable environm5tal law1 includ+ section #abj7;h7 ( ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response1 ,comp5sation1 & ,liability ,act ( #aihj 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ifbj7;h774 7#b7 ,air/rip use 7,a7 ,use by coa/ gu>d ,all conveyances "u ?is section %all be subject to-- 7i7 an easem5t grant+ unlimit$ use ( all exi/+ & future l&+ pads1 air/rips1 runways1 & taxiways t are locat$ on su* ,tract convey$1 at no co/ to ! ,coa/ ,gu>d2 & 7ii7 ! "r to access su* l&+ pads1 air/rips1 runways1 & taxiways1 at no co/ to ! ,coa/ ,gu>d4 7,b7 ,use by ,/ate 7i7 ,9 g5]al ,= any ,tract convey$ to ,,bsnc "u ?is section1 ,,bsnc %all provide to ! ,/ate1 if reque/$ & pursuant to negotiat$ t]ms ) ! ,/ate1 = no comp5sation-- 7,i7 an easem5t ov] all exi/+ & future air/rips1 runways1 & taxiways locat$ on su* ,tract2 & 7,,ii7 a "r ( access to & f su* air/rips1 runways1 & taxiways4 7ii7 ,"r ( access ,if ! ,/ate reque/s a "r ( access = a road f ! air/rip to ! s\!rn tip ( ,po9t ,sp5c]1 ! location ( su* "r ( access %all be det]m9$ by ! ,/ate1 9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y & ,,bsnc1 s t su* access is compatible ) o!r exi/+ or plann$ infra/ructure developm5t at ,po9t ,sp5c]4 7#c7 ,relation%ip to ,public ,l& ,ord] #bfej 7,a7 ,tracts n convey$ ,any ,tract t is n convey$ "u ?is section %all rema9 )drawn pursuant to ,public ,l& ,ord] #bfej 7publi%$ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] on ,april #ab1 #aifb74 7,b7 ,tracts convey$ ,= any ,tract convey$ "u ?is section1 ,public ,l& ,ord] #bfej %all automatically t]m9ate ^u issuance ( a conveyance docum5t = su* ,tract4 7#d7 ,ar*eological & cultural res\rces ,conveyance ( any ,tract "u ?is section %all n affect crim9al jurisdiction & responsibilities reg>d+ ! pot5tial !ft or v&alism ( ar*eological or cultural res\rces locat$ 9 or on su* tracts4 7#e7 ,p]sonal prop]ty 7,a7 ,ca% sales au?oriz$ ,! ,secret>y ( ,homel& ,security is au?oriz$ to make ca% sales ( p]sonal prop]ty t is locat$ on ,tract #d to ,,bsnc or to ! ,/ate4 7,b7 ,value ,! total value ( ! p]sonal prop]ty ref]r$ to 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be deem$ to be #e1ehj1jjj4 7,c7 ,proce$s ,pursuant to section #eei ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,homel& ,security ,appropriations ,act1 #bjaj 7,public ,law #aaa-hc71 ! proce$s f ! sale ( ! p]sonal prop]ty ref]r$ to 9 subp>agraph 7,a7-- 7i7 %all be deposit$ z (fsett+ collections into ! ,coa/ ,gu>d ,environm5tal ,compliance & ,re/oration ,acc\nt2 7ii7 %all be available )\t fur!r appropriation = environm5tal compliance & re/oration activities associat$ ) any tract convey$ or to be convey$ "u ?is ,act2 & 7iii7 %all rema9 available until exp5d$4 7,d7 ,unexp5d$ balances ,if unexp5d$ balances rema9 9 ! ,coa/ ,gu>d ,environm5tal ,compliance & ,re/oration ,acc\nt aft] ! completion ( ! activities describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,c77ii71 su* balances may be exp5d$ = any o!r environm5tal compliance & re/oration activities ( ! ,coa/ ,gu>d4 7g7 ,maps & legal descriptions 7#a7 ,prep>ation ( maps & legal description ,z soon z practicable aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all prep>e maps & legal descriptions ( ,tract #a1 ,tract #b1 ,tract #c1 ,tract #d1 ,tract #e1 & ,tract #f4 ,9 do+ s1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior may use metes & b\nds legal descriptions bas$ ^u ! (ficial survey plats ( ,po9t ,sp5c] accept$ on ,decemb] #f1 #aigh4 7#b7 ,legal effect ,! maps & legal descriptions %all h ! same =ce & effect z if ! maps & legal descriptions 7 includ$ 9 ?is ,act1 except t ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior may correct any cl]ical & typographical errors 9 ! maps & legal descriptions4 7#c7 ,availability ,copies ( ! maps & legal descriptions %all be available = public inspection 9 ! appropriate (fices (-- 7,a7 ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t2 & 7,b7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,coa/ ,gu>d4 7#d7 ,survey ,n lat] ?an #e ye>s aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all survey ,tracts convey$ & pat5t ! ,tracts 9 accordance ) ! (ficial plats ( survey4 7h7 ,public access easem5ts ,no public access easem5ts may be res]v$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates "u section #ag7;b7 ( ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afaf7;b77 ) respect to ! l& convey$ "u ?is ,act4 #e4 ,port ,coord9ation ,advisory ,c\ncil = ,po9t ,sp5c] 7a7 ,e/abli%m5t ,!re is e/abli%$ ! ,port ,coord9ation ,advisory ,c\ncil = ! ,port ( ,po9t ,sp5c]4 7b7 ,memb]%ip ,! ,c\ncil %all consi/ ( a repres5tative appo9t$ by ea* ( ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,! ,/ate4 7#b7 ,,bsnc4 7c7 ,duties ,! duties ( ! ,c\ncil are z foll[s3 7#a7 ,to develop a ,port ,managem5t ,coord9ation ,plan to help coord9ate infra/ructure developm5t & op]ations at ! ,port ( ,po9t ,sp5c]1 t includes plans =-- 7,a7 con/ruction2 7,b7 fund+ eligibility2 7,c7 l& use plann+ & developm5t2 & 7,d7 public int]e/ use & access1 em]g5cy prep>$ness1 law en=cem5t1 protection ( ,alaska ,native ar*aeological & cultural res\rces1 & o!r matt]s t are necess>y = public & private entities to function 9 proximity toge!r 9 a remote location4 7#b7 ,update ! ,plan annually = ! fir/ #e ye>s aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act & bi5nially !reaft]4 7#c7 ,facilitate coord9ation among /akehold]s at ,po9t ,sp5c]1 includ+ ! ,coa/ ,gu>d1 on ! developm5t & use ( ! l& & coa/l9e z su* developm5t relates to activities at ! ,port ( ,po9t ,sp5c]4 7#d7 ,assess ! ne$1 b5efits1 efficacy1 & desirability ( e/abli%+ 9 ! future a port au?ority at ,po9t ,sp5c] "u ,/ate law & act ^u t assessm5t1 z appropriate1 includ+ tak+ /eps = ! pot5tial =mation ( su* a port au?ority4 7d7 ,plan ,! ,plan %all be develop$ & implem5t$ by ! ,c\ncil 9 su* a mann] s z to facilitate & support1 & n int]f]e ) nor imp$e1 ! /atutory missions1 duties1 & op]ations ( ! ,coa/ ,gu>d 9 ! ,arctic4 7e7 ,co/s ,op]ations & managem5t co/s = air/rips1 runways1 & taxiways at ,po9t ,sp5c] %all be det]m9$ pursuant to provisions ( ! ,plan1 z negotiat$ by ! ,c\ncil4 #f4 ,waiv] ,section #bbi ( ! ,h[>d ,coble ,coa/ ,gu>d & ,m>itime ,transportation ,act ( #bjad 7,public ,law #aac-bha2 #abh ,/at4 #cjdj7 %all n be con/ru$ to prohibit any transf] or conveyance ( l&s "u to ?is ,act or any actions t involve ! dismantl+ or disposal ( infra/ructure t support$ ! =m] ,,loran sy/em t are associat$ ) ! transf] or conveyance ( l&s "u ?is ,act4