,i  #aad? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  ,h4
 ,r4 #fjgb  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(          
,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #bj1        
#bjaf,mr4 ,johnson ( ,georgia 7=        
himself1 ,mr4 ,cicill9e1 ,mr4 ,david    
,scott ( ,georgia1 ,mr4 ,s]rano1 ,mr4   
,honda1 ,mr4 ,cony]s1 & ,mr4 ,bi%op (   
,georgia7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0
 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,h\se        
,adm9i/ration1 & 9 addition to !        
,committees on ,sci5ce1 ,space1 &       
,te*nology1 & ! ,judici>y1 = a p]iod to 
be subsequ5tly det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9  
ea* case = consid]ation ( su* provisions
 z fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! committee 
conc]n$  ,a ,,bill  ,to am5d ! ,help    
,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb to promote   
accuracy1 integrity1 & security 9 !     
adm9i/ration ( elections = ,f$]al (fice1
 & = o!r purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title2    
table ( cont5ts  7a7 ,%ort title ,?is   
,act may be cit$ z ! ,election          
,integrity ,act ( #bjaf4  7b7 ,table (  
,cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts ( ?is ,act  
is z foll[s3  ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort title2    

table ( cont5ts4 ,title ,i--,integrity (
 ,vot+ ,sy/ems & ,ballots ,subtitle     
,a--,promot+ ,accuracy1 ,integrity1 &   
,security ,?r\gh ,vot]-,v]ifi$ ,p]man5t 
,pap] ,ballot ,sec4 #aja4 ,moratorium on
 acquisition ( c]ta9 direct record+     
electronic vot+ sy/ems & c]ta9 o!r vot+ 
sy/ems4 ,sec4 #ajb4 ,pap] ballot &      
manual c\nt+ requirem5ts4 ,sec4 #ajc4   
,accessibility & ballot v]ification =   
individuals ) disabilities4 ,subtitle   
,b--,additional ,vot+ ,sy/em            
,requirem5ts ,sec4 #aaa4 ,additional    
vot+ sy/em requirem5ts4 ,subtitle       
,c--,fund+ ,sec4 #aba4 ,availability (  
additional fund+ to enable ,/ates to    
meet co/s ( revis$ requirem5ts4 ,sec4   
#abb4 ,grants = developm5t ( compliant  
sy/ems4 ,subtitle ,d--,effective ,date  
,sec4 #aca4 ,effective date = new       
requirem5ts4 ,title ,,ii--,requirem5t = 
m&atory manual audits by h& c\nt ,sec4  
#bja4 ,m&atory manual audits4  ,subtitle
 ,c--,m&atory manual audits ,sec4 #cba4 
,requir+ audits ( results ( elections4  

,sec4 #cbb4 ,numb] ( ballots c\nt$ "u   
audit4 ,sec4 #cbc4 ,process = adm9i/]+  
audits4 ,sec4 #cbd4 ,selection (        
prec9cts4 ,sec4 #cbe4 ,publication (    
results4 ,sec4 #cbf4 ,paym5ts to ,/ates4
 ,sec4 #cbg4 ,exception = elections     
subject to rec\nt "u ,/ate law prior to 
c]tification4 ,sec4 #cbh4 ,effective    
date4  ,sec4 #bjb4 ,availability (      
en=cem5t "u ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act (  
#bjjb4 ,sec4 #bjc4 ,guidance on be/     
practices = alt]native audit me*anisms4 
,sec4 #bjd4 ,cl]ical am5dm5t4 ,title    
,,iii--,o!r ,re=ms to ,promote          
,integrity ( ,elections ,subtitle       
,a--,integrity ( ,election ,adm9i/ration
 ,sec4 #cja4 ,prohibition on campaign   
activities by *ief ,/ate election       
adm9i/ration (ficials4 ,sec4 #cjb4      
,m&atory tra9+ = poll work]s4 ,sec4     
#cjc4 ,due process requirem5ts =        
individuals propos$ to be remov$ f li/ (
 eligible vot]s4 ,sec4 #cjd4 ,m&atory   
response by ,attorney ,g5]al to         
allegations ( vot] intimidation or      

suppression by law en=cem5t (fic]s & o!r
 gov]nm5t (ficials4 ,subtitle           
,b--,remov+ ,b>ri]s to ,vot+ ,sec4 #caa4
 ,requirem5ts = c\nt+ provisional       
ballots2 e/abli%m5t ( uni=m &           
nondiscrim9atory /&>ds4 ,sec4 #cab4     
,prohibit+ imposition ( conditions on   
vot+ by mail4 ,sec4 #cac4 ,m&atory      
availability ( e>ly vot+4 ,sec4 #cad4   
,requirem5ts = availability ( suffici5t 
poll+ places1 equipm5t1 & res\rces4     
,title ,,iv--,rulemak+ ,au?ority (      
,election ,assi/ance ,commission ,sec4  
#dja4 ,p]mitt+ ,election ,assi/ance     
,commission to ex]cise rulemak+         
au?ority4  ,i ,integrity ( ,vot+ ,sy/ems
 & ,ballots  ,a ,promot+ ,accuracy1     
,integrity1 & ,security ,?r\gh          
,vot]-,v]ifi$ ,p]man5t ,pap] ,ballot    
#aja4 ,moratorium on acquisition ( c]ta9
 direct record+ electronic vot+ sy/ems &
 c]ta9 o!r vot+ sy/ems ,section #cja ( !
 ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb  
,u4,s4,c4 #bajha7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by    
r$esignat+ subsections 7c7 & 7d7 z      

subsections 7d7 & 7e72 &  7#b7 by ins]t+
 aft] subsection 7b7 ! foll[+ new       
subsection3  7c7 ,moratorium on         
acquisition ( c]ta9 direct record+      
electronic vot+ sy/ems & c]ta9 o!r vot+ 
sy/ems ,beg9n+ on ! date ( ! enactm5t ( 
! ,election ,integrity ,act ( #bjaf1 no 
,/ate or jurisdiction may pur*ase or    
o!rwise acquire = use 9 an election =   
,f$]al (fice a direct record+ electronic
 vot+ sy/em or o!r electronic vot+ sy/em
 t does n produce a vot]-v]ifi$ pap]    
record z requir$ by section #cja7;a77#b7
 7z am5d$ by su* ,act74  4  #ajb4 ,pap] 
ballot & manual c\nt+ requirem5ts  7a7  
,9 g5]al ,section #cja7;a77#b7 ( ! ,help
 ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb        
,u4,s4,c4 #bajha7;a77#b77 is am5d$ to   
read z foll[s3  7#b7 ,pap] ballot       
requirem5t  7,a7 ,vot]-v]ifi$ pap]      
ballots  7i7 ,pap] ballot requirem5t    
7,i7 ,! vot+ sy/em %all require ! use ( 
an individual1 durable1 vot]-v]ifi$1    
pap] ballot ( ! vot]'s vote t %all be   
m>k$ & made available = inspection &    

v]ification by ! vot] be=e ! vot]'s vote
 is ca/ & c\nt$1 & :i* %all be c\nt$ by 
h& or read by an optical "* recognition 
device or o!r c\nt+ device4 ,= purposes 
( ?is subclause1 ! t]m individual1      
durable1 vot]-v]ifi$1 pap] ballot means 
a pap] ballot m>k$ by ! vot] by h& or a 
pap] ballot m>k$ ?r\gh ! use ( a        
nontabulat+ ballot m>k+ device or sy/em1
 s long z ! vot] %all h ! option to m>k 
8 or h] ballot by h&4  7,,ii7 ,! vot+   
sy/em %all provide ! vot] ) an          
opportunity to correct any error on !   
pap] ballot be=e ! p]man5t vot]-v]ifi$  
pap] ballot is pres]v$ 9 accordance )   
clause 7ii74  7,,iii7 ,! vot+ sy/em %all
 n pres]ve ! vot]-v]ifi$ pap] ballots 9 
any mann] t makes x possible1 at any "t 
aft] ! ballot has be5 ca/1 to associate 
a vot] ) ! record ( ! vot]'s vote )\t ! 
vot]'s cons5t4  7ii7 ,pres]vation z     
(ficial record ,! individual1 durable1  
vot]-v]ifi$1 pap] ballot us$ 9          
accordance ) clause 7i7 %all con/itute !
 (ficial ballot & %all be pres]v$ & us$ 

z ! (ficial ballot = purposes ( any     
rec\nt or audit conduct$ ) respect to   
any election = ,f$]al (fice 9 :i* ! vot+
 sy/em is us$4  7iii7 ,manual c\nt+     
requirem5ts = rec\nts & audits  7,i7    
,ea* pap] ballot us$ pursuant to clause 
7i7 %all be suitable = a manual audit1 &
 %all be c\nt$ by h& 9 any rec\nt or    
audit conduct$ ) respect to any election
 = ,f$]al (fice4  7,,ii7 ,9 ! ev5t ( any
 inconsi/5cies or irregul>ities betwe5  
any electronic vote tallies & ! vote    
tallies det]m9$ by c\nt+ by h& !        
individual1 durable1 vot]-v]ifi$1 pap]  
ballots us$ pursuant to clause 7i71 &   
subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 !          
individual1 durable1 vot]-v]ifi$1 pap]  
ballots %all be ! true & correct record 
( ! votes ca/4  7iv7 ,application to all
 ballots ,! requirem5ts ( ?is           
subp>agraph %all apply to all ballots   
ca/ 9 elections = ,f$]al (fice1 includ+ 
ballots ca/ by abs5t uni=m$ s]vices     
vot]s & ov]seas vot]s "u ! ,uni=m$ &    
,ov]seas ,citiz5s ,abs5tee ,vot+ ,act & 

o!r abs5tee vot]s4  7,b7 ,special rule =
 treatm5t ( disputes :5 pap] ballots h  
be5 %[n to be compromis$  7i7 ,9 g5]al  
,9 ! ev5t t-- 7,i7 !re is any           
inconsi/5cy betwe5 any electronic vote  
tallies & ! vote tallies det]m9$ by     
c\nt+ by h& ! individual1 durable1      
vot]-v]ifi$1 pap] ballots us$ pursuant  
to subp>agraph 7,a77i7 ) respect to any 
election = ,f$]al (fice2 &  7,,ii7 x is 
demon/rat$ by cle> & conv9c+ evid5ce 7z 
det]m9$ 9 accordance ) ! applicable     
/&>ds 9 ! jurisdiction involv$7 9 any   
rec\nt1 audit1 or conte/ ( ! result ( ! 
election t ! pap] ballots h be5         
compromis$ 7by damage or mis*ief or     
o!rwise7 & t a suffici5t numb] ( !      
ballots h be5 s compromis$ t ! result ( 
! election c\ld be *ang$1  ! det]m9ation
 ( ! appropriate rem$y ) respect to !   
election %all be made 9 accordance )    
applicable ,/ate law1 except t !        
electronic tally %all n be us$ z !      
exclusive basis = det]m9+ ! (ficial     
c]tifi$ result4  7ii7 ,rule =           

consid]ation ( ballots associat$ ) ea*  
vot+ ma*9e ,= purposes ( clause 7i71    
only ! pap] ballots deem$ compromis$1 if
 any1 %all be consid]$ 9 ! calculation (
 :e!r or n ! result ( ! election c\ld be
 *ang$ due to ! compromis$ pap] ballots4
  4  7b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5t cl>ify+        
applicability ( alt]native language     
accessibility ,section #cja7;a77#d7 (   
su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bajha7;a77#d77 
is am5d$ by ins]t+ 7includ+ ! pap]      
ballots requir$ to be us$ "u p>agraph   
7#b77 aft] vot+ sy/em4  7c7 ,o!r con=m+ 
am5dm5ts ,section #cja7;a77#a7 ( su*    
,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bajha7;a77#a77 is  
am5d$--  7#a7 9 subp>agraph 7,a77i71 by 
/rik+ c\nt$ & ins]t+ c\nt$1 9 accordance
 ) p>agraphs 7#b7 & 7#c72  7#b7 9       
subp>agraph 7,a77ii71 by /rik+ c\nt$ &  
ins]t+ c\nt$1 9 accordance ) p>agraphs  
7#b7 & 7#c72  7#c7 9 subp>agraph        
7,a77iii71 by /rik+ c\nt$ ea* place x   
appe>s & ins]t+ c\nt$1 9 accordance )   
p>agraphs 7#b7 & 7#c72 &  7#d7 9        
subp>agraph 7,b77ii71 by /rik+ c\nt$ &  

ins]t+ c\nt$1 9 accordance ) p>agraphs  
7#b7 & 7#c74  #ajc4 ,accessibility &    
ballot v]ification = individuals )      
disabilities  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,section     
#cja7;a77#c77;,b7 ( ! ,help ,am]ica     
,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4       
#bajha7;a77#c77;,b77 is am5d$ to read z 
foll[s3  7,b7  7i7 satisfy ! requirem5t 
( subp>agraph 7,a7 ?r\gh ! use ( at lea/
 "o vot+ sy/em equipp$ = individuals )  
disabilities1 includ+ nonvisual &       
enhanc$ visual accessibility = ! bl9d & 
visually impair$1 & nonmanual & enhanc$ 
manual accessibility = ! mobility &     
dext]ity impair$1 at ea* poll+ place2 & 
7ii7 meet ! requirem5ts ( subp>agraph   
7,a7 & p>agraph 7#b77;,a7 by us+ a sy/em
 t-- 7,i7 all[s ! vot] to privately &   
indep5d5tly v]ify ! p]man5t pap] ballot 
?r\gh ! pres5tation1 9 accessible =m1 ( 
! pr9t$ or m>k$ vote selections f ! same
 pr9t$ or m>k$ in=mation t w\ld be us$ =
 any vote c\nt+ or audit+2 &  7,,ii7    
all[s ! vot] to privately & indep5d5tly 
v]ify & ca/ ! p]man5t pap] ballot )\t   

requir+ ! vot] to manually h&le ! pap]  
ballot2 &  4  7b7 ,specific requirem5t (
 /udy1 te/+1 & developm5t ( accessible  
pap] ballot v]ification me*anisms  7#a7 
,/udy & report+ ,subtitle ,c ( title    
,,ii ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bajha et
 seq47 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by r$esignat+    
section #bdg z section #bdh2 &  7,b7 by 
ins]t+ aft] section #bdf ! foll[+ new   
section3  #bdg4 ,/udy & report on       
accessible pap] ballot v]ification      
me*anisms  7a7 ,/udy & ,report ,!       
,director ( ! ,national ,sci5ce         
,f\ndation %all make grants to n few]   
?an #c eligible entities to /udy1 te/1 &
 develop accessible pap] ballot vot+1   
v]ification1 & ca/+ me*anisms & devices 
& be/ practices to enhance !            
accessibility ( pap] ballot vot+ &      
v]ification me*anisms = individuals )   
disabilities1 = vot]s ^: prim>y language
 is n ,engli%1 & = vot]s ) difficulties 
9 lit]acy1 includ+ be/ practices = !    
me*anisms !mselves & ! processes ?r\gh  
:i* ! me*anisms are us$4  7b7           

,eligibility ,an entity is eligible to  
receive a grant "u ?is "p if x submits  
to ! ,director 7at su* "t & 9 su* =m z !
 ,director may require7 an application  
conta9+--  7#a7 c]tifications t ! entity
 %all specifically inve/igate enhanc$   
me?ods or devices1 includ+ nonelectronic
 devices1 t w assi/ su* individuals &   
vot]s 9 m>k+ vot]-v]ifi$ pap] ballots & 
pres5t+ or transmitt+ ! in=mation pr9t$ 
or m>k$ on su* ballots back to su*      
individuals & vot]s1 & ca/+ su* ballots2
  7#b7 a c]tification t ! entity %all   
complete ! activities c>ri$ out ) !     
grant n lat] ?an ,decemb] #ca1 #bjah2 & 
7#c7 su* o!r in=mation & c]tifications z
 ! ,director may require4  7c7          
,availability ( ,te*nology ,any         
te*nology develop$ ) ! grants made "u   
?is section %all be treat$ z            
nonpropriet>y & %all be made available  
to ! public1 includ+ to manufactur]s (  
vot+ sy/ems4  7d7 ,coord9ation ,)       
,grants = ,te*nology ,improvem5ts ,!    
,director %all c>ry out ?is section s t 

! activities c>ri$ out ) ! grants made  
"u subsection 7a7 are coord9at$ ) !     
rese>* conduct$ "u ! grant program c>ri$
 out by ! ,commission "u section #bga1  
to ! ext5t t ! ,director & ,commission  
det]m9e necess>y to provide = !         
advancem5t ( accessible vot+ te*nology4 
7e7 ,au?orization ( ,appropriations ,!re
 is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to c>ry  
out subsection 7a7 #e1jjj1jjj1 to rema9 
available until exp5d$4  4  7#b7        
,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts (   
su* ,act is am5d$-- 7,a7 by r$esignat+ !
 item relat+ to section #bdg z relat+ to
 section #bdh2 &  7,b7 by ins]t+ aft] ! 
item relat+ to section #bdf ! foll[+ new
 item3  ,sec4 #bdg4 ,/udy & report on   
accessible pap] ballot v]ification      
me*anisms4  4  7c7 ,cl>ification (      
accessibility /&>ds "u volunt>y vot+    
sy/em guidance ,9 adopt+ any volunt>y   
guidance "u subtitle ,b ( title ,,iii ( 
! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb )    
respect to ! accessibility ( ! pap]     
ballot v]ification requirem5ts =        

individuals ) disabilities1 ! ,election 
,assi/ance ,commission %all include &   
apply ! same accessibility /&>ds        
applicable "u ! volunt>y guidance adopt$
 = accessible vot+ sy/ems "u su*        
subtitle4  7d7 ,p]mitt+ ,use ( ,funds = 
,protection & ,advocacy ,sy/ems ,to     
,support ,actions ,to ,en=ce            
,election-,relat$ ,disability ,access   
,section #bib7;a7 ( ! ,help ,am]ica     
,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4       
#bajfb7;a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ 2 except t
 & all t foll[s & ins]t+ a p]iod4  ,b   
,additional ,vot+ ,sy/em ,requirem5ts   
#aaa4 ,additional vot+ sy/em requirem5ts
  7a7 ,requirem5ts describ$ ,section    
#cja7;a7 ( ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( 
#bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bajha7;a77 is     
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new     
p>agraphs3  7#g7 ,requir+ availability (
 pap] ballots 9 case ( em]g5cy  7,a7 ,9 
g5]al ,9 ! ev5t ( a failure ( vot+      
equipm5t or o!r circum/ance at a poll+  
place 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice t    
causes an unreasonable delay1 !         

appropriate election (ficial at ! poll+ 
place %all--  7i7 imm$iately advise any 
individual :o is wait+ at ! poll+ place 
to ca/ a ballot 9 ! election at ! "t ( !
 failure t ! individual has ! "r to use 
an em]g5cy pap] ballot2 &  7ii7 ^u !    
individual's reque/1 provide !          
individual ) an em]g5cy pap] ballot = ! 
election & ! supplies necess>y to m>k ! 
ballot4  7,b7 ,treatm5t ( ballots ,any  
pap] ballot :i* is ca/ by an individual 
"u ?is clause %all be c\nt$ & o!rwise   
treat$ z a regul> ballot = all purposes 
7includ+ by incorporat+ x into ! f9al   
un(ficial vote c\nt 7z def9$ by ! ,/ate7
 = ! prec9ct7 & n z a provisional       
ballot1 unless ! individual ca/+ !      
ballot w\ld h o!rwise be5 requir$ to ca/
 a provisional ballot4  7#h7 ,prohibit+ 
use ( unc]tifi$ election-d$icat$ vot+   
sy/em te*nologies2 disclosure           
requirem5ts  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a vot+ sy/em
 us$ 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice 9 a   
,/ate may n at any "t dur+ ! election   
conta9 or use any election-d$icat$ vot+ 

sy/em te*nology--  7i7 :i* has n be5    
c]tifi$ by ! ,/ate = use 9 ! election2 &
  7ii7 :i* has n be5 deposit$ ) an      
accr$it$ laboratory describ$ 9 section  
#bca to be held 9 escr[ & disclos$ 9    
accordance ) ?is section4  7,b7         
,requirem5t = disclosure & limitation on
 re/rict+ disclosure ,an accr$it$       
laboratory "u section #bca ) :om an     
election-d$icat$ vot+ sy/em te*nology   
has be5 deposit$ %all--  7i7 hold !     
te*nology 9 escr[2 &  7ii7 disclose     
te*nology & in=mation reg>d+ ! te*nology
 to ano!r p]son if--  7,i7 ! p]son is a 
qualifi$ p]son describ$ 9 subp>agraph   
7,c7 :o has ent]$ into a nondisclosure  
agreem5t ) respect to ! te*nology :i*   
meets ! requirem5ts ( subp>agraph 7,d72 
or  7,,ii7 ! laboratory is p]mitt$ or   
requir$ to disclose ! te*nology to !    
p]son "u ,/ate law1 9 accordance ) !    
t]ms & conditions applicable "u su* law4
  7,c7 ,qualifi$ p]sons describ$ ,)     
respect to ! disclosure (               
election-d$icat$ vot+ sy/em te*nology by

 a laboratory "u subp>agraph            
7,b77ii77,i71 a qualifi$ p]son is any ( 
! foll[+3  7i7 ,a gov]nm5tal entity )   
responsibility = ! adm9i/ration ( vot+ &
 election-relat$ matt]s = purposes (    
review+1 analyz+1 or report+ on !       
te*nology4  7ii7 ,a p>ty to pre- or     
po/election litigation *all5g+ ! result 
( an election or ! adm9i/ration or use (
 ! te*nology us$ 9 an election1 includ+ 
b n limit$ to election conte/s or       
*all5ges to ! c]tification ( !          
te*nology1 or an exp]t = a p>ty to su*  
litigation1 = purposes ( review+ or     
analyz+ ! te*nology to support or oppose
 ! litigation1 & all p>ties to !        
litigation %all h access to ! te*nology 
= su* purposes4  7iii7 ,a p]son n       
describ$ 9 clause 7i7 or 7ii7 :o        
reviews1 analyzes1 or reports on !      
te*nology solely = an academic1         
sci5tific1 te*nological1 or o!r         
inve/igation or inquiry conc]n+ !       
accuracy or integrity ( ! te*nology4    
7,d7 ,requirem5ts = nondisclosure       

agreem5ts ,a nondisclosure agreem5t     
ent]$ into ) respect to an              
election-d$icat$ vot+ sy/em te*nology   
meets ! requirem5ts ( ?is subp>agraph if
 ! agreem5t--  7i7 is limit$ 9 scope to 
cov]age ( ! te*nology disclos$ "u       
subp>agraph 7,b7 & any trade secrets &  
intellectual prop]ty rights relat$      
!reto2  7ii7 does n prohibit a signatory
 f ent]+ into o!r nondisclosure         
agreem5ts to review o!r te*nologies "u  
?is p>agraph2  7iii7 exempts f cov]age  
any in=mation ! signatory lawfully      
obta9$ f ano!r s\rce or any in=mation 9 
! public doma92  7iv7 rema9s 9 effect = 
n long] ?an ! life ( any trade secret or
 o!r intellectual prop]ty "r relat$     
!reto2  7v7 prohibits ! use (           
injunctions b>r+ a signatory f c>ry+ out
 any activity au?oriz$ "u subp>agraph   
7,c71 includ+ injunctions limit$ to !   
p]iod prior to a trial involv+ !        
te*nology2  7vi7 is sil5t z to damages  
aw>d$ = brea* ( ! agreem5t1 o!r ?an a   
ref]5ce to damages available "u         

applicable law2  7vii7 all[s disclosure 
( evid5ce ( crime1 includ+ 9 response to
 a subpo5a or w>rant2  7viii7 all[s !   
signatory to p]=m analyses on !         
te*nology 7includ+ by execut+ !         
te*nology71 disclose reports & analyses 
t describe op]ational issues p]ta9+ to !
 te*nology 7includ+ vuln]abilities to   
tamp]+1 errors1 risks associat$ ) use1  
failures z a result ( use1 & o!r        
problems71 & describe or expla9 :y or h[
 a vot+ sy/em fail$ or o!rwise did n    
p]=m z int5d$2 &  7ix7 provides t !     
agreem5t %all be gov]n$ by ! trade      
secret laws ( ! applicable ,/ate4  7,e7 
,election-d$icat$ vot+ sy/em te*nology  
def9$ ,= purposes ( ?is p>agraph3  7i7  
,9 g5]al ,! t]m election-d$icat$ vot+   
sy/em te*nology means ! foll[+3 7,i7 ,! 
s\rce code us$ = ! tru/$ build & its    
file signatures4  7,,ii7 ,a complete    
disk image ( ! prebuild1 build          
environm5t1 & any file signatures to    
validate t x is unmodifi$4  7,,iii7 ,a  
complete disk image ( ! po/build1 build 

environm5t1 & any file signatures to    
validate t x is unmodifi$4  7,,iv7 ,all 
executable code produc$ by ! tru/$ build
 & any file signatures to validate t x  
is unmodifi$4  7,v7 ,in/allation devices
 & s(tw>e file signatures4  7ii7        
,exclusion ,su* t]m does n include      
comm]cial-(f-!-%elf s(tw>e & h>dw>e     
def9$ "u ! #bjae volunt>y vot+ sy/em    
guidel9es adopt$ by ! ,commission "u    
section #bbb4  7#i7 ,prohibition ( use (
 wireless communications devices 9      
sy/ems or devices ,no sy/em or device ^u
 :i* ballots are m>k$ or votes are ca/  
or tabulat$ %all conta91 use1 or be     
accessible by any wireless1 p[]l9e1 or  
conceal$ communication device1 except t 
enclos$ infr>$ communications devices   
:i* are c]tifi$ = use 9 su* device by ! 
,/ate & :i* _c be us$ = any remote or   
wide area communications or us$ )\t ! k 
( poll work]s %all be p]mitt$4  7#aj7   
,prohibit+ connection ( sy/em to !      
int]net  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,no sy/em or     
device ^u :i* ballots are programm$ or  

votes are ca/ or tabulat$ %all be       
connect$ to ! ,int]net at any "t4  7,b7 
,prohibit+ acceptance ( ballots         
transmitt$ onl9e ,! vot+ sy/em may n    
accept any vot$ ballot :i* is transmitt$
 to an election (ficial onl9e4  7,c7    
,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ conta9$ 9 ?is 
p>agraph %all be deem$ to prohibit !    
,commission f conduct+ ! /udies "u      
section #bdb or to conduct o!r simil>   
/udies "u any o!r provision ( law 9 a   
mann] consi/5t ) ?is p>agraph4  7#aa7   
,security /&>ds = vot+ sy/ems us$ 9     
,f$]al elections  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,no vot+
 sy/em may be us$ 9 an election = ,f$]al
 (fice unless ! manufactur] ( su* sy/em 
& ! election (ficials us+ su* sy/em meet
 ! applicable requirem5ts describ$ 9    
subp>agraph 7,b74  7,b7 ,requirem5ts    
describ$ ,! requirem5ts describ$ 9 ?is  
subp>agraph are z foll[s3 7i7 ,!        
manufactur] & ! election (ficials %all  
docum5t ! secure *a9 ( cu/ody = ! h&l+ (
 all s(tw>e1 h>dw>e1 vote /orage m$ia1  
blank ballots1 & complet$ ballots us$ 9 

connection ) vot+ sy/ems1 & %all make ! 
in=mation available ^u reque/ to !      
,commission4  7ii7 ,! manufactur] %all  
disclose to an accr$it$ laboratory "u   
section #bca & to ! appropriate election
 (ficial any in=mation requir$ to be    
disclos$ "u p>agraph 7#h74  7iii7 ,aft] 
! appropriate election (ficial has      
c]tifi$ ! election-d$icat$ & o!r vot+   
sy/em s(tw>e = use 9 an election1 !     
manufactur] may n--  7,i7 alt] su*      
s(tw>e2 or  7,,ii7 ins]t or use 9 ! vot+
 sy/em any s(tw>e1 s(tw>e pat*1 or o!r  
s(tw>e modification n c]tifi$ by ! ,/ate
 = use 9 ! election4  7iv7 ,at ! reque/ 
( ! ,commission-- 7,i7 ! appropriate    
election (ficial %all submit in=mation  
to ! ,commission reg>d+ ! ,/ate's       
compliance ) ?is subp>agraph2 &  7,,ii7 
! manufactur] %all submit in=mation to !
 ,commission reg>d+ ! manufactur]'s     
compliance ) ?is subp>agraph4  7,c7     
,developm5t & publication ( be/         
practices ( secure *a9 ( cu/ody ,n lat] 
?an ,augu/ #a1 #bjah1 ! ,commission %all

 develop & make publicly available be/  
practices reg>d+ ! requirem5t (         
subp>agraph 7,b77i7 & 7,b77iii71 & 9 !  
case ( subp>agraph 7,b77iii71 %all      
include be/ practices = c]tify+ s(tw>e  
pat*es & m9or s(tw>e modifications "u   
%ort deadl9es4  7,d7 ,disclosure (      
secure *a9 ( cu/ody ,! ,commission %all 
make in=mation provid$ to ! ,commission 
"u subp>agraph 7,b77i7 available to any 
p]son ^u reque/4  7#ab7 ,durability &   
readability requirem5ts = ballots  7,a7 
,durability requirem5ts = pap] ballots  
7i7 ,9 g5]al ,all vot]-v]ifi$ pap]      
ballots requir$ to be us$ "u ?is ,act   
%all be m>k$ or pr9t$ on durable pap]4  
7ii7 ,def9ition ,= purposes ( ?is ,act1 
pap] is durable if x is capable ( )/&+  
multiple c\nts & rec\nts by h& )\t      
compromis+ ! fundam5tal integrity ( !   
ballots1 & capable ( reta9+ ! in=mation 
m>k$ or pr9t$ on !m = ! full duration ( 
a ret5tion & pres]vation p]iod ( #bb    
mon?s4  7,b7 ,readability requirem5ts = 
pap] ballots m>k$ by ballot m>k+ device 

,all vot]-v]ifi$ pap] ballots complet$  
by ! vot] ?r\gh ! use ( a ballot m>k+   
device %all be cle>ly readable by ! vot]
 )\t assi/ance 7o!r ?an eyeglasses or   
o!r p]sonal vision-enhanc+ devices7 & by
 an optical "* recognition device or o!r
 device equipp$ = individuals )         
disabilities4  7#ac7 ,requirem5ts =     
publication ( poll tapes  7,a7          
,requirem5ts ,ea* ,/ate %all meet !     
foll[+ requirem5ts3 7i7 ,^u ! clos+ ( ! 
polls at ea* poll+ place1 ! appropriate 
election (ficial1 "u ! obs]vation ( !   
c]tifi$ tabulation obs]v]s admitt$ to ! 
poll+ place "u subp>agraph 7,e7 7if     
any71 %all ann\nce ! vote orally1 po/ a 
copy ( ! poll tape reflect+ ! totals f  
ea* vot+ ma*9e ^u :i* votes 7 ca/ 9 !   
election at ! poll+ place1 & prep>e &   
po/ a /atem5t ( ! total numb] (         
individuals :o appe>$ at ! poll+ place  
to ca/ ballots1 det]m9$ by ref]5ce to ! 
numb] ( signatures 9 a sign-9 book or   
o!r simil> indep5d5t c\nt4 ,su* (ficials
 %all ensure t ea* ( ! c]tifi$          

tabulation obs]v]s admitt$ to ! poll+   
place has full access to obs]ve !       
process by :i* ! poll tapes & /atem5t   
are produc$ & a reasonable p]iod ( "t to
 review ! poll tapes & /atem5t be=e !   
poll+ place is clos$1 & 7if feasible7   
%all provide su* obs]v]s ) id5tical     
duplicate copies ( ! poll tapes &       
/atem5t4  7ii7 ,z soon z practicable1 b 
9 no ev5t lat] ?an noon ( ! day foll[+ !
 date ( ! election1 ! appropriate       
election (ficial %all display 7at a     
prom95t location accessible to ! public 
dur+ regul> bus9ess h\rs & 9 or )9      
reasonable proximity to ! poll+ place7 a
 copy ( ea* poll tape & /atem5t prep>$  
"u clause 7i71 & ! in=mation %all be    
display$ on ! (ficial public ,web sites 
( ! applicable local election (ficial & 
*ief ,/ate election (ficial1 toge!r ) ! 
"n ( ! designat$ vot+ (ficial :o ent]$ !
 in=mation & ! date & "t ! in=mation 0  
ent]$4  7iii7 ,ea* ,web site on :i*     
in=mation is po/$ "u clause 7ii7 %all   
include in=mation on ! proc$ures by :i* 

discrepancies %all be report$ to        
election (ficials4 ,if any discrepancy  
exi/s betwe5 ! po/$ in=mation & !       
relevant poll tape or /atem5t1 !        
appropriate election (ficial %all       
display in=mation on ! discrepancy on ! 
,web site on :i* ! in=mation is po/$ "u 
clause 7ii7 n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] !  
(ficial is made aw>e ( ! discrepancy1 & 
%all ma9ta9 ! in=mation on ! discrepancy
 & its resolution 7if applicable7 on su*
 ,web site dur+ ! entire p]iod = :i*    
results ( ! election are typically      
ma9ta9$ on su* ,web site4  7iv7 ,!      
appropriate election (ficial %all       
pres]ve ar*iv$ copies ( ! poll tapes &  
/atem5ts prep>$ "u clause 7i7 & reports 
( discrepancies fil$ by c]tifi$         
tabulation obs]v]s = ! p]iod ( "t dur+  
:i* records & pap]s are requir$ to be   
reta9$ & pres]v$ pursuant to title ,,iii
 ( ! ,civil ,rights ,act ( #aifj 7#db   
,u4,s4,c4 #aigd et seq47 or = ! same    
duration = :i* ar*iv$ copies ( o!r      
records ( ! election are requir$ to be  

pres]v$ "u applicable ,/ate law1 :i*ev] 
is long]4  7,b7 ,treatm5t ( ballots ca/ 
at e>ly vot+ sites  7i7 ,application ,! 
requirem5ts ( ?is subp>agraph %all apply
 ) respect to poll tapes & /atem5ts ( ! 
numb] ( vot]s :o vot$ 9 p]son at        
designat$ sites prior to ! date ( !     
election4  7ii7 ,daily c\nt ( vot]s ,at 
! close ( bus9ess on ea* day on :i*     
ballots describ$ 9 clause 7i7 may be ca/
 prior to ! date ( ! election1 !        
appropriate election (ficial at ea* su* 
site %all--  7,i7 "u ! obs]vation (     
c]tifi$ tabulation obs]v]s admitt$ to ! 
site "u subp>agraph 7,e7 7if any71      
prep>e & po/ a /atem5t ( ! total numb] (
 individuals :o appe>$ at ! site to ca/ 
ballots1 det]m9$ by ref]5ce to ! numb] (
 signatures 9 a sign-9 book or o!r      
simil> indep5d5t c\nt1 & ! total numb] (
 ballots ca/ 7exclud+ in=mation on !    
votes receiv$ by individual c&idates71 &
 %all ensure t ea* ( ! c]tifi$          
tabulation obs]v]s admitt$ to ! site has
 full access to obs]ve ! process by :i* 

! /atem5t is produc$ & a reasonable     
p]iod ( "t to review ! /atem5t be=e !   
site is clos$2 &  7,,ii7 display at !   
site dur+ regul> bus9ess h\rs = !       
duration ( ! e>ly vot+ p]iod a pap] copy
 ( ! /atem5t prep>$ "u subclause 7,i74  
7iii7 ,application ( g5]al requirem5ts =
 poll tapes & /atem5ts ,^u ! clos+ ( !  
polls on ! date ( ! election1 !         
appropriate election (ficial at ea*     
designat$ site describ$ 9 ?is           
subp>agraph %all meet ! requirem5ts (   
subp>agraph 7,a7 7includ+ requirem5ts   
relat+ to ! role ( c]tifi$ tabulation   
obs]v]s7 9 ! same mann] z an election   
(ficial at a poll+ place4  7,c7         
,treatm5t ( abs5tee ballots  7i7 ,daily 
c\nt ( ballots mail$ & receiv$ ,at !    
close ( ea* bus9ess day on :i* a ,/ate  
mails or accepts abs5tee ballots ca/ 9  
an election = ,f$]al (fice prior to !   
date ( ! election1 ! appropriate        
election (ficial %all--  7,i7 "u !      
obs]vation ( c]tifi$ tabulation obs]v]s 
admitt$ "u subp>agraph 7,e7 to ! site at

 :i* ! ballots are mail$ & receiv$ 7if  
any71 prep>e & po/ a /atem5t ( ! total  
numb] ( abs5tee ballots mail$ & receiv$ 
by ! (ficial dur+ t day & a sep>ate c\nt
 ( ! numb] ( abs5tee ballots receiv$ b  
reject$ 7sep>at$ into categories ( !    
reasons = rejection71 & ensure t ea* ( !
 c]tifi$ tabulation obs]v]s admitt$ to !
 site has full access to obs]ve !       
process by :i* ! /atem5t is produc$ & a 
reasonable p]iod ( "t to review !       
/atem5t be=e ! site is clos$2 &  7,,ii7 
display at ! site dur+ regul> bus9ess   
h\rs = ! duration ( ! p]iod dur+ :i*    
abs5tee ballots are process$ a pap] copy
 ( ! /atem5t prep>$ "u subclause 7,i74  
7ii7 ,application ( g5]al requirem5ts = 
poll tapes & /atem5ts ,at ! close (     
bus9ess on ! la/ day on :i* abs5tee     
ballots are c\nt$ prior to !            
c]tification ( ! election1 ! appropriate
 election (ficial at ! site at :i*      
abs5tee ballots are receiv$ & c\nt$ %all
 meet ! requirem5ts ( subp>agraph 7,a7  
7includ+ requirem5ts relat+ to ! role ( 

c]tifi$ tabulation obs]v]s7 9 ! same    
mann] z an election (ficial at a poll+  
place4  7,d7 ,daily c\nt ( provisional  
ballots ,at ! close ( bus9ess on ! day  
on :i* ! appropriate election (ficial   
det]m9es :e!r or n provisional ballots  
ca/ 9 an election = ,f$]al (fice w be   
c\nt$ z votes 9 ! election 7z describ$ 9
 section #cjb7;a77#d771 ! (ficial %all--
  7i7 "u ! obs]vation ( c]tifi$         
tabulation obs]v]s admitt$ "u           
subp>agraph 7,e7 to ! site at :i* !     
det]m9ation is made 7if any71 prep>e &  
po/ a /atem5t ( ! numb] ( su* ballots = 
:i* a det]m9ation 0 made1 ! numb] (     
ballots c\nt$1 & ! numb] ( ballots      
reject$ 7sep>at$ into categories ( !    
reason = ! rejection71 & ensure t ea* ( 
! c]tifi$ tabulation obs]v]s admitt$ to 
! site has full access to obs]ve !      
process by :i* ! /atem5t is produc$ & a 
reasonable p]iod ( "t to review !       
/atem5t be=e ! site is clos$2 &  7ii7   
display at ! site dur+ regul> bus9ess   
h\rs = ! duration ( ! p]iod dur+ :i*    

provisional ballots are process$ a pap] 
copy ( ! /atem5t prep>$ "u clause 7i74  
7,e7 ,admission ( c]tifi$ tabulation    
obs]v]s  7i7 ,c]tifi$ tabulation obs]v] 
def9$ ,9 ?is p>agraph1 a c]tifi$        
tabulation obs]v] is an individual :o is
 c]tifi$ by an appropriate election     
(ficial z au?oriz$ to c>ry out !        
responsibilities ( a c]tifi$ tabulation 
obs]v] "u ?is p>agraph4  7ii7 ,selection
 ,9 det]m9+ :i* individuals to c]tify z 
tabulation obs]v]s & admit to a poll+   
place or o!r location to s]ve z c]tifi$ 
tabulation obs]v]s ) respect to an      
election = ,f$]al (fice1 ! election     
(ficial %all give pref]5ce to           
individuals :o are affiliat$ ) a c&idate
 9 ! election1 except t--  7,i7 ! numb] 
( individuals admitt$ :o are affiliat$ )
 ! same c&idate = ,f$]al (fice may n    
exce$ "o2 &  7,,ii7 ! maximum numb] (   
individuals :o may be admitt$ %all equal
 ! numb] ( c&idates 9 ! election plus   
#c1 or su* great] numb] z may be        
au?oriz$ "u ,/ate law4  7iii7 ,no effect

 on admission ( o!r obs]v]s ,no?+ 9 ?is 
subp>agraph may be con/ru$ to limit or  
o!rwise affect ! au?ority ( o!r         
individuals to ent] & obs]ve poll+ place
 op]ations "u any o!r law1 includ+      
int]national obs]v]s au?oriz$ "u any    
treaty or obs]v]s ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t  
au?oriz$ "u ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act (      
#aife4  7,f7 ,no effect on o!r          
tabulation requirem5ts ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act 
may be con/ru$ to sup]s$e any requirem5t
 t an election (ficial at a poll+ place 
report vote totals to a c5tral          
tabulation facility & address           
discrepancies ! (ficial f9ds 9 !        
aggregation ( ^? totals ) o!r vote      
totals4  4  7b7 ,requir+ laboratories   
,to meet /&>ds prohibit+ conflicts (    
int]e/ z condition ( accr$itation = te/+
 ( vot+ sy/em h>dw>e & s(tw>e  7#a7 ,9  
g5]al ,section #bca7;b7 ( su* ,act 7#eb 
,u4,s4,c4 #bjiga7;b77 is am5d$ by add+  
at ! end ! foll[+ new p>agraphs3  7#c7  
,prohibit+ conflicts ( int]e/2 ensur+   
availability ( results  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a

 laboratory may n be accr$it$ by !      
,commission = purposes ( ?is section    
unless-- 7i7 ! laboratory c]tifies t !  
only comp5sation x receives = ! te/+    
c>ri$ out 9 connection ) ! c]tification1
 dec]tification1 & rec]tification ( !   
manufactur]'s vot+ sy/em h>dw>e & s(tw>e
 is ! paym5t made f ! ,te/+ ,escr[      
,acc\nt "u p>agraph 7#d72  7ii7 !       
laboratory meets su* /&>ds z !          
,commission %all e/abli% 7aft] notice & 
opportunity = public comm5t7 to prev5t !
 exi/5ce or appe>ance ( any conflict (  
int]e/ 9 ! te/+ c>ri$ out by !          
laboratory "u ?is section1 includ+ /&>ds
 to ensure t ! laboratory does n h a    
f9ancial int]e/ 9 ! manufacture1 sale1 &
 di/ribution ( vot+ sy/em h>dw>e &      
s(tw>e1 & is suffici5tly indep5d5t f o!r
 p]sons ) su* an int]e/2  7iii7 !       
laboratory c]tifies t x w p]mit an exp]t
 designat$ by ! ,commission or by !     
,/ate requir+ c]tification ( ! sy/em be+
 te/$ to obs]ve any te/+ ! laboratory   
c>ries out "u ?is section2 &  7iv7 !    

laboratory1 ^u completion ( any te/+    
c>ri$ out "u ?is section1 discloses !   
te/ protocols1 results1 & all           
communication betwe5 ! laboratory & !   
manufactur] to ! ,commission4  7,b7     
,availability ( results ,^u receipt (   
in=mation "u subp>agraph 7,a71 !        
,commission %all make ! in=mation       
available promptly to election (ficials 
& ! public4  7#d7 ,proc$ures = conduct+ 
te/+2 paym5t ( us] fees = comp5sation ( 
accr$it$ laboratories  7,a7 ,e/abli%m5t 
( escr[ acc\nt ,! ,commission %all      
e/abli% an escr[ acc\nt 7to be kn[n z ! 
,te/+ ,escr[ ,acc\nt7 = mak+ paym5ts to 
accr$it$ laboratories = ! co/s ( ! te/+ 
c>ri$ out 9 connection ) ! c]tification1
 dec]tification1 & rec]tification ( vot+
 sy/em h>dw>e & s(tw>e4  7,b7 ,s*$ule ( 
fees ,9 consultation ) ! accr$it$       
laboratories1 ! ,commission %all e/abli%
 & regul>ly update a s*$ule ( fees = !  
te/+ c>ri$ out 9 connection ) !         
c]tification1 dec]tification1 &         
rec]tification ( vot+ sy/em h>dw>e &    

s(tw>e1 bas$ on ! reasonable co/s       
expect$ to be incurr$ by ! accr$it$     
laboratories 9 c>ry+ out ! te/+ = v>i\s 
types ( h>dw>e & s(tw>e4  7,c7 ,reque/s 
& paym5ts by manufactur]s ,a manufactur]
 ( vot+ sy/em h>dw>e & s(tw>e may n h ! 
h>dw>e or s(tw>e te/$ by an accr$it$    
laboratory "u ?is section unless--  7i7 
! manufactur] submits a detail$ reque/ =
 ! te/+ to ! ,commission2 &  7ii7 !     
manufactur] pays to ! ,commission1 =    
deposit into ! ,te/+ ,escr[ ,acc\nt     
e/abli%$ "u subp>agraph 7,a71 !         
applicable fee "u ! s*$ule e/abli%$ & 9 
effect "u subp>agraph 7,b74  7,d7       
,selection ( laboratory ,^u receiv+ a   
reque/ = te/+ & ! paym5t f a manufactur]
 requir$ "u subp>agraph 7,c71 !         
,commission %all select1 f all          
laboratories :i* are accr$it$ "u ?is    
section to c>ry out ! specific te/+     
reque/$ by ! manufactur]1 an accr$it$   
laboratory to c>ry out ! te/+4  7,e7    
,paym5ts to laboratories ,^u receiv+ a  
c]tification f a laboratory select$ to  

c>ry out te/+ pursuant to subp>agraph   
7,d7 t ! te/+ is complet$1 along ) a    
copy ( ! results ( ! te/ z requir$ "u   
p>agraph 7#c77;,a77iv71 ! ,commission   
%all make a paym5t to ! laboratory f !  
,te/+ ,escr[ ,acc\nt e/abli%$ "u        
subp>agraph 7,a7 9 an am\nt equal to !  
applicable fee paid by ! manufactur] "u 
subp>agraph 7,c77ii74  7#e7             
,dissem9ation ( additional in=mation on 
accr$it$ laboratories  7,a7 ,in=mation  
on te/+ ,^u completion ( ! te/+ ( a vot+
 sy/em "u ?is section1 ! ,commission    
%all promptly dissem9ate to ! public !  
id5tification ( ! laboratory :i* c>ri$  
out ! te/+4  7,b7 ,in=mation on /atus ( 
laboratories ,! ,commission %all        
promptly notify ,congress1 ! *ief ,/ate 
election (ficial ( ea* ,/ate1 & ! public
 :5ev]--  7i7 ! ,commission revokes1    
t]m9ates1 or susp5ds ! accr$itation ( a 
laboratory "u ?is section2  7ii7 !      
,commission re/ores ! accr$itation ( a  
laboratory "u ?is section :i* has be5   
revok$1 t]m9at$1 or susp5d$2 or  7iii7 !

 ,commission has cr$ible evid5ce (      
significant security failure at an      
accr$it$ laboratory4  4  7#b7 ,con=m+   
am5dm5ts ,section #bca ( su* ,act 7#eb  
,u4,s4,c4 #bjiga7 is fur!r am5d$--  7,a7
 9 subsection 7a77#a71 by /rik+ te/+1   
c]tification1 & all t foll[s & ins]t+ ! 
foll[+3 te/+ ( vot+ sy/em h>dw>e &      
s(tw>e by accr$it$ laboratories 9       
connection ) ! c]tification1            
dec]tification1 & rec]tification ( !    
h>dw>e & s(tw>e = purposes ( ?is ,act42 
7,b7 9 subsection 7a77#b71 by /rik+     
te/+1 c]tification1 & all t foll[s &    
ins]t+ ! foll[+3 te/+ ( its vot+ sy/em  
h>dw>e & s(tw>e by ! laboratories       
accr$it$ by ! ,commission "u ?is section
 9 connection ) c]tify+1 dec]tify+1 &   
rec]tify+ ! h>dw>e & s(tw>e42  7,c7 9   
subsection 7b77#a71 by /rik+ te/+1      
c]tification1 dec]tification1 &         
rec]tification & ins]t+ te/+2 &  7,d7 9 
subsection 7d71 by /rik+ te/+1          
c]tification1 dec]tification1 &         
rec]tification ea* place x appe>s &     

ins]t+ te/+4  7#c7 ,deadl9e = e/abli%m5t
 ( /&>ds1 escr[ acc\nt1 & s*$ule ( fees 
,! ,election ,assi/ance ,commission %all
 e/abli% ! /&>ds describ$ 9 section     
#bca7;b77#c7 ( ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote    
,act ( #bjjb & ! ,te/+ ,escr[ ,acc\nt & 
s*$ule ( fees describ$ 9 section        
#bca7;b77#d7 ( su* ,act 7z add$ by      
p>agraph 7#a77 n lat] ?an ,janu>y #a1   
#bjah4  7#d7 ,au?orization (            
appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be  
appropriat$ to ! ,election ,assi/ance   
,commission su* sums z may be necess>y  
to c>ry out ! ,commission's duties "u   
p>agraphs 7#c7 & 7#d7 ( section #bca ( !
 ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7z    
add$ by p>agraph 7#a774  7c7 ,grants =  
rese>* on developm5t ( election-,d$icat$
 vot+ sy/em s(tw>e  7#a7 ,9 g5]al       
,subtitle ,d ( title ,,ii ( ! ,help     
,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb         
,u4,s4,c4 #bajja et seq47 is am5d$ by   
add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new "p3  #g      
,grants = ,rese>* on ,developm5t (      
,election-,d$icat$ ,vot+ ,sy/em ,s(tw>e 

#big4 ,grants = rese>* on developm5t (  
election-d$icat$ vot+ sy/em s(tw>e  7a7 
,9 ,g5]al ,! ,director ( ! ,national    
,sci5ce ,f\ndation 7h]eaft] 9 ?is "p    
ref]r$ to z ! ,director7 %all make      
grants to n few] ?an #c eligible        
entities to conduct rese>* on !         
developm5t ( election-d$icat$ vot+ sy/em
 s(tw>e4  7b7 ,eligibility ,an entity is
 eligible to receive a grant "u ?is "p  
if x submits to ! ,director 7at su* "t &
 9 su* =m z ! ,director may require7 an 
application conta9+--  7#a7             
c]tifications reg>d+ ! b5efits ( op]at+ 
vot+ sy/ems on election-d$icat$ s(tw>e  
:i* is easily und]/&able & :i* is writt5
 exclusively = ! purpose ( conduct+     
elections2  7#b7 c]tifications t !      
entity w use ! funds provid$ "u ! grant 
to c>ry out rese>* on h[ to develop vot+
 sy/ems t run on election-d$icat$ s(tw>e
 & t w meet ! applicable requirem5ts =  
vot+ sy/ems "u title ,,iii2 &  7#c7 su* 
o!r in=mation & c]tifications z !       
,director may require4  7c7             

,availability ( ,te*nology ,any         
te*nology develop$ ) ! grants made "u   
?is section %all be treat$ z            
nonpropriet>y & %all be made available  
to ! public1 includ+ to manufactur]s (  
vot+ sy/ems4  7d7 ,au?orization (       
,appropriations ,!re is au?oriz$ to be  
appropriat$ = grants "u ?is section     
#a1ejj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjag &  
#bjah1 to rema9 available until exp5d$4 
4  7#b7 ,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table (     
cont5ts ( su* ,act is am5d$ by add+ at !
 end ( ! items relat+ to subtitle ,d (  
title ,,ii ! foll[+3  ,"p #g--;,grants =
 rese>* on developm5t (                 
election-,d$icat$ vot+ sy/em s(tw>e     
,sec4 #big4 ,grants = rese>* on         
developm5t ( election-d$icat$ vot+ sy/em
 s(tw>e4  4  ,c ,fund+  #aba4           
,availability ( additional fund+ to     
enable ,/ates to meet co/s ( revis$     
requirem5ts  7a7 ,ext5sion ( requirem5ts
 paym5ts = meet+ revis$ requirem5ts     
,section #beg7;a7 ( ! ,help ,am]ica     
,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4       

#bajjg7;a77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! 
foll[+ new p>agraph3  7#e7 ,= ea* ( !   
fiscal ye>s #bjag & #bjah1 #fjj1jjj1jjj1
 except t any funds provid$ "u !        
au?orization made by ?is p>agraph %all  
be us$ by a ,/ate only to meet !        
requirem5ts ( title ,,iii :i* are fir/  
impos$ on ! ,/ate pursuant to ! am5dm5ts
 made by title ,i ( ! ,election         
,integrity ,act ( #bjaf1 or to o!rwise  
modify or replace its vot+ sy/ems 9     
response to su* am5dm5ts4  4  7b7 ,use (
 revis$ =mula = allocation ( funds      
,section #beb7;b7 ( su* ,act 7#eb       
,u4,s4,c4 #bajjb7;b77 is am5d$ to read z
 foll[s3  7b7 ,/ate ,allocation         
,p]c5tage ,def9$  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,except 
z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 ! ,/ate      
allocation p]c5tage = a ,/ate is ! am\nt
 7express$ z a p]c5tage7 equal to !     
quoti5t (--  7,a7 ! vot+ age population 
( ! ,/ate 7z report$ 9 ! mo/ rec5t      
dec5nial c5sus72 &  7,b7 ! total vot+   
age population ( all ,/ates 7z report$ 9
 ! mo/ rec5t dec5nial c5sus74  7#b7     

,special rule = paym5ts us$ to meet     
requirem5ts impos$ "u ,election         
,integrity ,act ( #bjaf  7,a7 ,9 g5]al  
,9 ! case ( ! requirem5ts paym5t made to
 a ,/ate "u ! au?orization made by      
section #beg7;a77#e7 = fiscal ye>s #bjag
 or #bjah1 ! ,/ate allocation p]c5tage =
 a ,/ate is ! am\nt 7express$ z a       
p]c5tage7 equal to ! quoti5t (--  7i7 ! 
sum ( ! numb] ( noncompliant prec9cts 9 
! ,/ate & #ej p]c5t ( ! numb] ( p>tially
 noncompliant prec9cts 9 ! ,/ate2 &     
7ii7 ! sum ( ! numb] ( noncompliant     
prec9cts 9 all ,/ates & #ej p]c5t ( !   
numb] ( p>tially noncompliant prec9cts 9
 all ,/ates4  7,b7 ,noncompliant prec9ct
 def9$ ,9 ?is p>agraph1 a noncompliant  
prec9ct means any prec9ct 7or equival5t 
location7 )9 a ,/ate = :i* ! vot+ sy/em 
us$ to adm9i/] ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al  
election = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ,novemb] 
#bjaf did n meet ei!r ( ! requirem5ts   
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,d74  7,c7      
,p>tially noncompliant prec9ct def9$ ,9 
?is p>agraph1 a p>tially noncompliant   

prec9ct means any prec9ct 7or equival5t 
location7 )9 a ,/ate = :i* ! vot+ sy/em 
us$ to adm9i/] ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al  
election = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ,novemb] 
#bjaf met only "o ( ! requirem5ts       
describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,d74  7,d7      
,requirem5ts describ$ ,! requirem5ts    
describ$ 9 ?is subp>agraph ) respect to 
a vot+ sy/em are z foll[s3 7i7 ,! prim>y
 vot+ sy/em requir$ ! use ( durable pap]
 ballots 7z describ$ 9 section          
#cja7;a77#b77;,a77i77,i7 & #cja         
7a77#ab77;,a771 z am5d$ or add$ by !    
,election ,integrity ,act ( #bjaf7 = e  
vote ca/4  7ii7 ,! vot+ sy/em all[$ !   
vot] to privately & indep5d5tly v]ify ! 
p]man5t pap] ballot ?r\gh ! pres5tation 
( ! same pr9t$ or m>k$ in=mation us$ =  
vote c\nt+ & audit+ & to privately &    
indep5d5tly ca/ ! p]man5t pap] ballot   
)\t h&l+ ! ballot manually4  4  7c7     
,revis$ conditions = receipt ( funds    
,section #bec ( su* ,act 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 
#bajjc7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection    
7a71 by /rik+ ,a ,/ate is eligible &    

ins]t+ ,except z provid$ 9 subsection   
7f71 a ,/ate is eligible2 &  7#b7 by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new subsection3  
7f7 ,special ,rule = ,paym5ts ,us$ ,to  
,meet ,requirem5ts ,impos$ ,"u ,election
 ,integrity ,act ( #bjaf  7#a7 ,9 g5]al 
,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( ?is "p1 a  
,/ate is eligible to receive a          
requirem5ts paym5t "u ! au?orization    
made by section #beg7;a77#e7 = fiscal   
ye>s #bjag or #bjah if1 n lat] ?an #ij  
days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( !       
,election ,integrity ,act ( #bjaf1 !    
*ief executive (fic] ( ! ,/ate1 or      
designee1 9 consultation & coord9ation )
 ! *ief ,/ate election (ficial--  7,a7  
c]tifies to ! ,commission ! numb] (     
noncompliant & p>tially noncompliant    
prec9cts 9 ! ,/ate 7z def9$ 9 section   
#beb7;b77#b772  7,b7 c]tifies to !      
,commission t ! ,/ate w reimburse ea*   
unit ( local gov]nm5t 9 ! ,/ate = any   
co/s ! unit incurs 9 c>ry+ out !        
activities = :i* ! paym5t may be us$2 & 
7,c7 files a /atem5t ) ! ,commission    

describ+ ! ,/ate's ne$ = ! paym5t & h[ !
 ,/ate w use ! paym5t to meet !         
requirem5ts ( title ,,iii 79 accordance 
) ! limitations applicable to ! use ( ! 
paym5t "u section #beg7;a77#e774  7#b7  
,c]tifications by ,/ates t require      
*anges to ,/ate law ,9 ! case ( a ,/ate 
t requires ,/ate legislation to c>ry out
 any activity cov]$ by any c]tification 
submitt$ "u ?is subsection1 ! ,/ate %all
 be p]mitt$ to make ! c]tification      
not)/&+ t ! legislation has n be5 enact$
 at ! "t ! c]tification is submitt$ &   
su* ,/ate %all submit an additional     
c]tification once su* legislation is    
enact$4  4  7d7 ,p]mitt+ use ( funds =  
reimbursem5t = co/s previ\sly incurr$   
,section #bea7;c77#a7 ( su* ,act 7#eb   
,u4,s4,c4 #bajja7;c77#a77 is am5d$ by   
/rik+ ! p]iod at ! end & ins]t+ !       
foll[+3 1 or z a reimbursem5t = any co/s
 incurr$ aft] ,novemb] #bjaf 9 meet+ !  
requirem5ts ( title ,,iii :i* are impos$
 pursuant to ! am5dm5ts made by title ,i
 ( ! ,election ,integrity ,act ( #bjaf  

or 9 o!rwise upgrad+ or replac+ vot+    
sy/ems 9 a mann] consi/5t ) su* am5dm5ts
 7s long z ! vot+ sy/ems meet any ( !   
requirem5ts t apply ) respect to        
elections = ,f$]al (fice held 9 #bjah & 
ea* succe$+ ye>744  7e7 ,rule (         
con/ruction reg>d+ ,/ates receiv+ o!r   
funds = replac+ pun* c>d1 lev]1 or o!r  
vot+ ma*9es ,no?+ 9 ! am5dm5ts made by  
?is section or 9 any o!r provision ( !  
,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb may be 
con/ru$ to prohibit a ,/ate :i* receiv$ 
or 0 au?oriz$ to receive a paym5t "u    
title ,i or ,,ii ( su* ,act = replac+   
pun* c>d1 lev]1 or o!r vot+ ma*9es f    
receiv+ or us+ any funds :i* are made   
available "u ! am5dm5ts made by ?is     
section4  7f7 ,rule ( con/ruction reg>d+
 use ( funds receiv$ 9 prior ye>s  7#a7 
,9 g5]al ,no?+ conta9$ 9 ?is ,act or !  
,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb may be 
con/ru$ to prohibit a ,/ate f us+ funds 
receiv$ "u title ,i or ,,ii ( ! ,help   
,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb to pur*ase or
 acquire by o!r means a vot+ sy/em t    

meets ! requirem5ts ( section #cja ( !  
,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7z     
am5d$ by ?is ,act7 9 ord] to replace    
vot+ sy/ems pur*as$ ) funds receiv$ "u !
 ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb t d n 
meet su* requirem5ts4  7#b7 ,waiv] (    
notice & comm5t requirem5ts ,!          
requirem5ts ( subp>agraphs 7,a71 7,b71 &
 7,c7 ( section #bed7;a77#aa7 ( ! ,help 
,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb %all n apply 
to any ,/ate us+ funds receiv$ "u su*   
,act = ! purposes describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#a74  #abb4 ,grants = developm5t (     
compliant sy/ems  7a7 ,e/abli%m5t (     
grant program  7#a7 ,grants to develop  
vot+ sy/ems ,! ,election ,assi/ance     
,commission 7h]eaft] ref]r$ to z !      
,commission7 %all e/abli% & op]ate a    
program "u :i* ! ,commission %all aw>d  
grants to eligible entities = !         
developm5t ( vot+ sy/ems t meet !       
requirem5ts ( p>agraph 7#b7 & t may be  
us$ by ,/ates & units ( local gov]nm5t  
to adm9i/] elections = ,f$]al (fice4    
7#b7 ,requirem5ts = vot+ sy/ems ,!      

requirem5ts ( ?is p>agraph ) respect to 
vot+ sy/ems are z foll[s3 7,a7 ,! sy/em 
produces a vot]-v]ifi$ pap] record ( ea*
 vote ca/ on ! sy/em4  7,b7 ,! sy/em is 
demon/rably compatible ) commodity      
accessibility devices4  7,c7 ,! sy/em is
 fully accessible = ! use ( individuals 
) disabilities4  7b7 ,eligibility       
requirem5ts = recipi5ts ,an entity is   
eligible to receive a grant "u ! program
 "u ?is section if ! entity submits to !
 ,commission1 at su* "t & 9 su* =m z !  
,commission may require1 an application 
conta9+--  7#a7 a c]tification t any    
vot+ sy/em develop$ ) ! funds provid$ "u
 ?is section %all meet ! requirem5ts (  
p>agraph 7#b7 ( subsection 7a72 &  7#b7 
su* o!r in=mation & assurances z !      
,commission may require4  7c7           
,applicability ( regulations gov]n+     
pat5t rights 9 ,inv5tions made ) ,f$]al 
assi/ance ,any inv5tion made by !       
recipi5t ( a grant "u ?is section us+   
funds provid$ "u ?is section %all be    
subject to *apt] #ah ( title #ce1 ,unit$

 ,/ates ,code 7relat+ to pat5t rights 9 
inv5tions made ) ,f$]al assi/ance74  7d7
 ,report  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* entity :i* 
receives a grant "u ?is section %all    
submit to ! ,commission a report        
describ+ ! activities c>ri$ out ) !     
funds provid$ "u ! grant4  7#b7 ,deadl9e
 ,an entity %all submit a report requir$
 "u p>agraph 7#a7 n lat] ?an #fj days   
aft] ! end ( ! fiscal ye> = :i* ! entity
 receiv$ ! grant :i* is ! subject ( !   
report4  7e7 ,au?orization (            
appropriations  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,!re is   
au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ = grants "u  
?is section #fj1jjj1jjj = fiscal ye>    
#bjag4  7#b7 ,availability ( funds      
,am\nts appropriat$ pursuant to !       
au?orization "u ?is subsection %all     
rema9 available1 )\t fiscal ye>         
limitation1 until exp5d$4  ,d ,effective
 ,date  #aca4 ,effective date = new     
requirem5ts ,section #cja7;d7 ( ! ,help 
,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb         
,u4,s4,c4 #bajha7;d77 is am5d$ to read z
 foll[s3  7d7 ,effective ,date  7#a7 ,9 

g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71
 ea* ,/ate & jurisdiction %all be       
requir$ to comply ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is 
section on & aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjjf4    
7#b7 ,special rule = c]ta9 requirem5ts  
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9       
subp>agraphs 7,b7 & 7,c71 ! requirem5ts 
( ?is section :i* are fir/ impos$ on a  
,/ate & jurisdiction pursuant to !      
am5dm5ts made by title ,i ( ! ,election 
,integrity ,act ( #bjaf %all apply )    
respect to vot+ sy/ems us$ = ! regul>ly 
s*$ul$ g5]al election = ,f$]al (fice    
held 9 #bjah & ea* succe$+ election =   
,f$]al (fice4  7,b7 #b-ye> delay =      
jurisdictions us+ c]ta9 pap] record     
pr9t]s or c]ta9 sy/ems us+ or produc+   
vot]-v]ifiable pap] records 9 #bjaf  7i7
 ,delay ,9 ! case ( a jurisdiction      
describ$ 9 clause 7ii71 subp>agraph 7,a7
 %all apply to a vot+ sy/em 9 !         
jurisdiction z if ! ref]5ce 9 su*       
subp>agraph to #bjah 7 a ref]5ce to     
#bjbj1 b only ) respect to ! foll[+     
requirem5ts ( ?is section3  7,i7        

,p>agraph 7#b77;,a77i77,i7 ( subsection 
7a7 7relat+ to ! use ( vot]-m>k$ pap]   
ballots74  7,,ii7 ,p>agraph             
7#c77;,b77ii7 7,i7 & 7,,ii7 ( subsection
 7a7 7relat+ to access to v]ification f 
& ca/+ ( ! durable pap] ballot74        
7,,iii7 ,p>agraph 7#ab7 ( subsection 7a7
 7relat+ to durability & readability    
requirem5ts = ballots74  7ii7           
,jurisdictions describ$ ,a jurisdiction 
describ$ 9 ?is clause is a              
jurisdiction--  7,i7 :i* us$ vot]       
v]ifiable pap] record pr9t]s atta*$ to  
direct record+ electronic vot+ ma*9es1  
or :i* us$ o!r vot+ sy/ems t us$ or     
produc$ pap] records ( ! vote v]ifiable 
by vot]s b t are n 9 compliance )       
p>agraphs 7#b77;,a77i77,i71             
7#c77;,b77ii7 7,i7 & 7,,ii71 & 7#ab7 (  
subsection 7a7 7z am5d$ or add$ by !    
,election ,integrity ,act ( #bjaf71 = ! 
adm9i/ration ( ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al  
election = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ,novemb] 
#bjaf2 &  7,,ii7 :i* w cont9ue to use   
su* pr9t]s or sy/ems = ! adm9i/ration ( 

elections = ,f$]al (fice held prior to !
 regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al election = ,f$]al
 (fice held 9 #bjah4  7iii7 ,m&atory    
availability ( pap] ballots at poll+    
places us+ gr&fa!r$ pr9t]s & sy/ems     
7,i7 ,requir+ ballots to be (f]$ &      
provid$ ,! appropriate election (ficial 
at ea* poll+ place t uses a pr9t] or    
sy/em describ$ 9 clause 7ii77,i7 = !    
adm9i/ration ( elections = ,f$]al (fice 
%all (f] ea* individual :o is eligible  
to ca/ a vote 9 ! election at ! poll+   
place ! opportunity to ca/ ! vote us+ a 
blank prepr9t$ pap] ballot :i* !        
individual may m>k by h& & :i* is n     
produc$ by ! direct record+ electronic  
vot+ ma*9e or o!r su* sy/em4 ,! (ficial 
%all provide ! individual ) ! ballot & !
 supplies necess>y to m>k ! ballot1 &   
%all ensure 7to ! greate/ ext5t         
practicable7 t ! wait+ p]iod = !        
individual to ca/ a vote is ! less] (   
#cj m9utes or ! av]age wait+ p]iod = an 
individual :o does n agree to ca/ ! vote
 us+ su* a pap] ballot "u ?is clause4   

7,,ii7 ,treatm5t ( ballot ,any pap]     
ballot :i* is ca/ by an individual "u   
?is clause %all be c\nt$ & o!rwise      
treat$ z a regul> ballot = all purposes 
7includ+ by incorporat+ x into ! f9al   
un(ficial vote c\nt 7z def9$ by ! ,/ate7
 = ! prec9ct7 & n z a provisional       
ballot1 unless ! individual ca/+ !      
ballot w\ld h o!rwise be5 requir$ to ca/
 a provisional ballot4  7,,iii7 ,po/+ ( 
notice ,! appropriate election (ficial  
%all ensure !re is prom95tly display$ at
 ea* poll+ place a notice t describes ! 
obligation ( ! (ficial to (f]           
individuals ! opportunity to ca/ votes  
us+ a prepr9t$ blank pap] ballot4       
7,,iv7 ,tra9+ ( election (ficials ,!    
*ief ,/ate election (ficial %all ensure 
t election (ficials at poll+ places 9 ! 
,/ate are aw>e ( ! requirem5ts ( ?is    
clause1 includ+ ! requirem5t to display 
a notice "u subclause 7,,iii71 & are    
aw>e t x is a violation ( ! requirem5ts 
( ?is title = an election (ficial to    
fail to (f] an individual ! opportunity 

to ca/ a vote us+ a blank prepr9t$ pap] 
ballot4  7,v7 ,p]iod ( applicability ,! 
requirem5ts ( ?is clause apply only dur+
 ! p]iod 9 :i* ! delay is 9 effect "u   
clause 7i74  7,c7 ,special rule =       
jurisdictions us+ c]ta9 nontabulat+     
ballot m>k+ devices ,9 ! case ( a       
jurisdiction :i* uses a nontabulat+     
ballot m>k+ device1 subp>agraph 7,a7    
%all apply to a vot+ sy/em 9 !          
jurisdiction z if ! ref]5ce 9 su*       
subp>agraph to ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al  
election = ,f$]al (fice held 9 #bjah 7 a
 ref]5ce to ! fir/ election = ,f$]al    
(fice held 9 #bjbj1 b only ) respect to 
p>agraph 7#c77;,b77ii77,,ii7 (          
subsection 7a7 7relat+ to nonmanual ca/+
 ( ! durable pap] ballot74  4  ,,ii     
,requirem5t = m&atory manual audits by  
h& c\nt  #bja4 ,m&atory manual audits   
,title ,,iii ( ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote    
,act ( #bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bajha et   
seq47 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+
 new subtitle3  ,c ,m&atory manual      
audits  #cba4 ,requir+ audits ( results 

( elections  7a7 ,requir+ ,audits  7#a7 
,9 g5]al ,9 accordance ) ?is subtitle1  
ea* ,/ate %all adm9i/]1 )\t advance     
notice to ! prec9cts or alt]native audit
 units select$1 audits ( ! results ( all
 elections = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ! ,/ate
 7&1 at ! option ( ! ,/ate or           
jurisdiction involv$1 ( elections =     
,/ate & local (fice held at ! same "t z 
su* election7 consi/+ ( r&om h& c\nts ( 
! vot]-v]ifi$ pap] ballots requir$ to be
 us$ & pres]v$ pursuant to section      
#cja7;a77#b74  7#b7 ,exception = c]ta9  
elections ,a ,/ate %all n be requir$ to 
adm9i/] an audit ( ! results ( an       
election = ,f$]al (fice "u ?is subtitle 
if ! w9n+ c&idate 9 ! election--  7,a7  
_h no opposition on ! ballot2 or  7,b7  
receiv$ #hj p]c5t or m ( ! total numb] (
 votes ca/ 9 ! election1 z det]m9$ on ! 
basis ( ! f9al un(ficial vote c\nt4  7b7
 ,det]m9ation ( ,entity ,conduct+       
,audits2 ,application ( ,,gao           
,indep5d5ce ,/&>ds ,! ,/ate %all adm9i/]
 audits "u ?is subtitle ?r\gh an entity 

select$ = su* purpose by ! ,/ate 9      
accordance ) su* crit]ia z ! ,/ate      
consid]s appropriate consi/5t ) !       
requirem5ts ( ?is subtitle1 except t !  
entity mu/ meet ! g5]al /&>ds e/abli%$  
by ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al & z set =? 9 !  
,comptroll] ,g5]al's ,gov]nm5t ,audit+  
,/&>ds to ensure ! indep5d5ce 7includ+1 
except z provid$ "u section #cbc7;b71 ! 
organizational indep5d5ce7 ( entities   
p]=m+ f9ancial audits1 atte/ation       
engagem5ts1 & p]=mance audits4  7c7     
,ref]5ces to ,election ,auditor ,9 ?is  
subtitle1 ! t]m ,election ,auditor      
means1 ) respect to a ,/ate1 ! entity   
select$ by ! ,/ate "u subsection 7b74   
#cbb4 ,numb] ( ballots c\nt$ "u audit   
7a7 ,9 ,g5]al ,except z provid$ 9       
subsection 7b71 ! numb] ( vot]-v]ifi$   
pap] ballots :i* w be subject to a h&   
c\nt adm9i/]$ by ! ,election ,auditor ( 
a ,/ate "u ?is subtitle ) respect to an 
election %all be det]m9$ z foll[s3  7#a7
 ,9 ! ev5t t ! un(ficial c\nt z describ$
 9 section #cbc7;a77#a7 reveals t ! m>g9

 ( victory betwe5 ! two c&idates receiv+
 ! l>ge/ numb] ( votes 9 ! election is  
less ?an #a p]c5t ( ! total votes ca/ 9 
t election1 ! h& c\nts ( ! vot]-v]ifi$  
pap] ballots %all occur 9 at lea/ #aj   
p]c5t ( all prec9cts or equival5t       
locations 7or alt]native audit units us$
 9 accordance ) ! me?od provid$ = "u    
subsection 7b77 9 ! congressional       
di/rict involv$ 79 ! case ( an election 
= ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives7 or ! ,/ate 
79 ! case ( any o!r election = ,f$]al   
(fice74  7#b7 ,9 ! ev5t t ! un(ficial   
c\nt z describ$ 9 section #cbc7;a77#a7  
reveals t ! m>g9 ( victory betwe5 ! two 
c&idates receiv+ ! l>ge/ numb] ( votes 9
 ! election is great] ?an or equal to #a
 p]c5t b less ?an #b p]c5t ( ! total    
votes ca/ 9 t election1 ! h& c\nts ( !  
vot]-v]ifi$ pap] ballots %all occur 9 at
 lea/ #e p]c5t ( all prec9cts or        
equival5t locations 7or alt]native audit
 units us$ 9 accordance ) ! me?od       
provid$ = "u subsection 7b77 9 !        
congressional di/rict involv$ 79 ! case 

( an election = ! ,h\se (               
,repres5tatives7 or ! ,/ate 79 ! case ( 
any o!r election = ,f$]al (fice74  7#c7 
,9 ! ev5t t ! un(ficial c\nt z describ$ 
9 section #cbc7;a77#a7 reveals t ! m>g9 
( victory betwe5 ! two c&idates receiv+ 
! l>ge/ numb] ( votes 9 ! election is   
equal to or great] ?an #b p]c5t ( !     
total votes ca/ 9 t election1 ! h& c\nts
 ( ! vot]-v]ifi$ pap] ballots %all occur
 9 at lea/ #c p]c5t ( all prec9cts or   
equival5t locations 7or alt]native audit
 units us$ 9 accordance ) ! me?od       
provid$ = "u subsection 7b77 9 !        
congressional di/rict involv$ 79 ! case 
( an election = ! ,h\se (               
,repres5tatives7 or ! ,/ate 79 ! case ( 
any o!r election = ,f$]al (fice74  7b7  
,use ( ,alt]native ,me*anism  7#a7      
,p]mitt+ use ( alt]native me*anism      
,not)/&+ subsection 7a71 a ,/ate may    
adopt & apply an alt]native me*anism to 
det]m9e ! numb] ( vot]-v]ifi$ pap]      
ballots :i* w be subject to ! h& c\nts  
requir$ "u ?is subtitle ) respect to an 

election1 s long z ! alt]native me*anism
 uses ! vot]-v]ifi$ pap] ballots to     
conduct ! audit & ! ,national ,in/itute 
( ,/&>ds & ,te*nology det]m9es t !      
alt]native me*anism is 9 accordance ) ! 
pr9ciples set =? 9 p>agraph 7#b74  7#b7 
,pr9ciples = approval ,9 approv+ an     
alt]native me*anism "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! 
,national ,in/itute ( ,/&>ds &          
,te*nology %all ensure t ! audit        
proc$ure w h ! prop]ty t = ea*          
election--  7,a7 ! alt]native me*anism w
 be at lea/ z /ati/ically effective 9   
ensur+ ! accuracy ( ! election results z
 ! proc$ures "u ?is subtitle2 or  7,b7 !
 alt]native me*anism w a*ieve at lea/ a 
#ie p]c5t confid5ce int]val 7z det]m9$ 9
 accordance ) crit]ia set =? by !       
,national ,in/itute ( ,/&>ds &          
,te*nology7 ) respect to ! outcome ( !  
election4  7#c7 ,deadl9e = response ,!  
,director ( ! ,national ,in/itute (     
,/&>ds & ,te*nology %all make a         
det]m9ation reg>d+ a ,/ate's reque/ to  
approve an alt]native me*anism "u       

p>agraph 7#a7 n lat] ?an #cj days aft]  
receiv+ ! ,/ate's reque/4  #cbc4        
,process = adm9i/]+ audits  7a7 ,9      
,g5]al ,! ,election ,auditor ( a ,/ate  
%all adm9i/] an audit "u ?is section ( !
 results ( an election 9 accordance ) ! 
foll[+ proc$ures3  7#a7 ,)9 #bd h\rs    
aft] ! ,/ate ann\nces ! f9al un(ficial  
vote c\nt 7z def9$ by ! ,/ate7 9 ea*    
prec9ct 9 ! ,/ate1 ! ,election ,auditor 
%all--  7,a7 det]m9e & !n ann\nce !     
prec9cts or equival5t locations 7or     
alt]native audit units us$ 9 accordance 
) ! me?od provid$ "u section #cbb7;b77 9
 ! ,/ate 9 :i* x w adm9i/] ! audits2 &  
7,b7 ) respect to votes ca/ at ! prec9ct
 or equival5t location on or be=e ! date
 ( ! election 7o!r ?an provisional      
ballots describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b771 beg9 
to adm9i/] ! h& c\nt ( ! votes on !     
vot]-v]ifi$ pap] ballots requir$ to be  
us$ & pres]v$ "u section                
#cja7;a77#b77;,a7 & ! comp>ison ( ! c\nt
 ( ! votes on ^? ballots ) ! f9al       
un(ficial c\nt ( su* votes z ann\nc$ by 

! ,/ate4  7#b7 ,) respect to votes ca/  
o!r ?an at ! prec9ct on ! date ( !      
election 7o!r ?an votes ca/ by          
provisional ballot on ! date ( !        
election :i* are c]tifi$ & c\nt$ by !   
,/ate on or aft] ! date ( ! election71  
includ+ votes ca/ by abs5t uni=m$       
s]vices vot]s & ov]seas vot]s "u !      
,uni=m$ & ,ov]seas ,citiz5s ,abs5tee    
,vot+ ,act1 ! ,election ,auditor %all   
adm9i/] ! h& c\nt ( ! votes on !        
applicable vot]-v]ifi$ pap] ballots     
requir$ to be produc$ & pres]v$ "u      
section #cja7;a77#b77;,a7 & ! comp>ison 
( ! c\nt ( ! votes on ^? ballots ) !    
f9al un(ficial c\nt ( su* votes z       
ann\nc$ by ! ,/ate4  7b7 ,use ( p]sonnel
 ,9 adm9i/]+ ! audits1 ! ,election      
,auditor may utilize ! s]vices ( !      
p]sonnel ( ! ,/ate or jurisdiction1     
includ+ election adm9i/ration p]sonnel &
 poll work]s1 )\t reg>d to :e!r or n !  
p]sonnel h pr(essional audit+ exp]i5ce4 
7c7 ,location ,! ,election ,auditor %all
 adm9i/] an audit ( an election-- 7#a7  

at ! location :]e ! ballots ca/ 9 !     
election are /or$ & c\nt$ aft] ! date ( 
! election or su* o!r appropriate &     
secure location agre$ ^u by ! ,election 
,auditor & ! individual t is responsible
 "u ,/ate law = ! cu/ody ( ! ballots2 & 
7#b7 9 ! pres5ce ( ! p]sonnel :o "u     
,/ate law are responsible = ! cu/ody ( !
 ballots4  7d7 ,special rule 9 case (   
delay 9 report+ abs5tee vote c\nt ,9 !  
case ( a ,/ate 9 :i* ! f9al c\nt (      
abs5tee & provisional votes is n ann\nc$
 until aft] ! date ( ! election1 !      
,election ,auditor %all initiate !      
process describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 =     
adm9i/]+ ! audit n lat] ?an #bd h\rs    
aft] ! ,/ate ann\nces ! f9al un(ficial  
vote c\nt = ! votes ca/ at ! prec9ct or 
equival5t location on or be=e ! date ( !
 election1 & %all initiate !            
adm9i/ration ( ! audit ( ! abs5tee &    
provisional votes pursuant to subsection
 7a77#b7 n lat] ?an #bd h\rs aft] !     
,/ate ann\nces ! f9al un(ficial c\nt (  
su* votes4  7e7 ,additional ,audits if  

,cause ,%[n  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if !        
,election ,auditor f9ds t any ( ! h&    
c\nts adm9i/]$ "u ?is section d n mat* !
 f9al un(ficial tally ( ! results ( an  
election1 ! ,election ,auditor %all     
adm9i/] h& c\nts "u ?is section ( su*   
additional prec9cts 7or alt]native audit
 units7 z ! ,election ,auditor consid]s 
appropriate to resolve any conc]ns      
result+ f ! audit & ensure ! accuracy ( 
! election results4  7#b7 ,e/abli%m5t & 
publication ( proc$ures gov]n+          
additional audits ,n lat] ?an ,augu/ #a1
 #bjai1 ea* ,/ate %all e/abli% & publi% 
proc$ures = c>ry+ out ! additional      
audits "u ?is subsection1 includ+ !     
means by :i* ! ,/ate %all resolve any   
conc]ns result+ f ! audit ) f9ality &   
ensure ! accuracy ( ! election results4 
7f7 ,public ,obs]vation ( ,audits ,ea*  
audit conduct$ "u ?is section %all be   
conduct$ 9 a mann] t all[s public       
obs]vation ( ! entire process4  #cbd4   
,selection ( prec9cts  7a7 ,9 ,g5]al    
,except z provid$ 9 subsection 7c71 !   

selection ( ! prec9cts or alt]native    
audit units 9 ! ,/ate 9 :i* ! ,election 
,auditor ( ! ,/ate %all adm9i/] ! h&    
c\nts "u ?is subtitle %all be made by ! 
,election ,auditor on a r&om basis1 9   
accordance ) proc$ures adopt$ by !      
,national ,in/itute ( ,/&>ds &          
,te*nology1 except t at lea/ "o prec9ct 
%all be select$ at r&om 9 ea* c\nty1 )  
additional prec9cts select$ by !        
,election ,auditor at ! ,auditor's      
discretion4  7b7 ,public ,selection ,!  
r&om selection ( prec9cts "u subsection 
7a7 %all be conduct$ 9 public1 at a "t &
 place ann\nc$ 9 advance4  7c7 ,m&atory 
,selection ( ,prec9cts ,e/abli%$        
,specifically = ,abs5tee ,ballots ,if a 
,/ate does n sort abs5tee ballots by    
prec9ct & include ^? ballots 9 ! h& c\nt
 ) respect to t prec9ct1 ! ,/ate %all   
create abs5tee ballot prec9cts or audit 
units :i* are ( simil> size to ! av]age 
prec9ct or audit unit 9 ! jurisdiction  
be+ audit$1 & %all include ^? abs5tee   
prec9cts or audit units among ! prec9cts

 9 ! ,/ate 9 :i* ! ,election ,auditor   
%all adm9i/] ! h& c\nts "u ?is subtitle4
  7d7 ,deadl9e = ,adoption ( ,proc$ures 
by ,commission ,! ,national ,in/itute ( 
,/&>ds & ,te*nology %all adopt !        
proc$ures describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 n   
lat] ?an ,m>* #ca1 #bjai1 & %all publi% 
!m 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] ^u adoption4      
#cbe4 ,publication ( results  7a7       
,submission to ,commission ,z soon z    
practicable aft] ! completion ( an audit
 "u ?is subtitle1 ! ,election ,auditor (
 a ,/ate %all submit to ! ,commission ! 
results ( ! audit1 & %all include 9 !   
submission a comp>ison ( ! results ( !  
election 9 ! prec9ct z det]m9$ by !     
,election ,auditor "u ! audit & ! f9al  
un(ficial vote c\nt 9 ! prec9ct z       
ann\nc$ by ! ,/ate & all und]votes1     
ov]votes1 blank ballots1 & spoil$1      
void$1 or cancell$ ballots1 z well z a  
li/ ( any discrepancies discov]$ betwe5 
! initial1 subsequ5t1 & f9al h& c\nts   
adm9i/]$ by ! ,election ,auditor & su*  
f9al un(ficial vote c\nt & any          

explanation = su* discrepancies1 brok5  
d[n by ! categories ( votes describ$ 9  
p>agraphs 7#a77;,b7 & 7#b7 ( section    
#cbc7;a74  7b7 ,publication by          
,commission ,imm$iately aft] receiv+ !  
submission ( ! results ( an audit f !   
,election ,auditor ( a ,/ate "u         
subsection 7a71 ! ,commission %all      
publicly ann\nce & publi% ! in=mation   
conta9$ 9 ! submission4  7c7 ,delay 9   
c]tification ( results by ,/ate  7#a7   
,prohibit+ c]tification until completion
 ( audits ,no ,/ate may c]tify ! results
 ( any election :i* is subject to an    
audit "u ?is subtitle prior to--  7,a7 !
 completion ( ! audit 7&1 if requir$1   
any additional audit conduct$ "u section
 #cbc7;e77#a77 & ! ann\ncem5t &         
submission ( ! results ( ea* su* audit  
to ! ,commission = publication ( !      
in=mation requir$ "u ?is section2 &     
7,b7 ! completion ( any proc$ure        
e/abli%$ by ! ,/ate pursuant to section 
#cbc7;e77#b7 to resolve discrepancies & 
ensure ! accuracy ( results4  7#b7      

,deadl9e = completion ( audits (        
,presid5tial elections ,9 ! case ( an   
election = electors = ,presid5t & ,vice 
,presid5t :i* is subject to an audit "u 
?is subtitle1 ! ,/ate %all complete !   
audits & ann\nce & submit ! results to !
 ,commission = publication ( ! in=mation
 requir$ "u ?is section 9 "t = ! ,/ate  
to c]tify ! results ( ! election &      
provide = ! f9al det]m9ation ( any      
controv]sy or conte/ conc]n+ ! appo9tm5t
 ( su* electors prior to ! deadl9e      
describ$ 9 section #f ( title #c1 ,unit$
 ,/ates ,code4  #cbf4 ,paym5ts to ,/ates
  7a7 ,paym5ts = ,co/s ( ,conduct+      
,audits ,9 accordance ) ! requirem5ts & 
proc$ures ( ?is section1 ! ,commission  
%all make a paym5t to a ,/ate to cov] ! 
co/s incurr$ by ! ,/ate 9 c>ry+ out ?is 
subtitle ) respect to ! elections t are 
! subject ( ! audits conduct$ "u ?is    
subtitle4  7b7 ,c]tification (          
,compliance & ,anticipat$ ,co/s  7#a7   
,c]tification requir$ ,9 ord] to receive
 a paym5t "u ?is section1 a ,/ate %all  

submit to ! ,commission1 9 su* =m z !   
,commission may require1 a /atem5t      
conta9+--  7,a7 a c]tification t ! ,/ate
 w conduct ! audits requir$ "u ?is      
subtitle 9 accordance ) all ( !         
requirem5ts ( ?is subtitle2  7,b7 a     
notice ( ! reasonable co/s incurr$ or ! 
reasonable co/s anticipat$ to be incurr$
 by ! ,/ate 9 c>ry+ out ?is subtitle )  
respect to ! elections involv$2 &  7,c7 
su* o!r in=mation & assurances z !      
,commission may require4  7#b7 ,am\nt ( 
paym5t ,! am\nt ( a paym5t made to a    
,/ate "u ?is section %all be equal to ! 
reasonable co/s incurr$ or ! reasonable 
co/s anticipat$ to be incurr$ by ! ,/ate
 9 c>ry+ out ?is subtitle ) respect to !
 elections involv$1 z set =? 9 ! /atem5t
 submitt$ "u p>agraph 7#a74  7#c7 ,tim+ 
( notice ,! ,/ate may n submit a notice 
"u p>agraph 7#a7 until c&idates h be5   
select$ to appe> on ! ballot = all ( !  
elections = ,f$]al (fice :i* w be !     
subject ( ! audits involv$4  7c7 ,tim+ (
 ,paym5ts ,! ,commission %all make !    

paym5t requir$ "u ?is section to a ,/ate
 n lat] ?an #cj days aft] receiv+ !     
notice submitt$ by ! ,/ate "u subsection
 7b74  7d7 ,rec\pm5t ( ,ov]paym5ts ,no  
paym5t may be made to a ,/ate "u ?is    
section unless ! ,/ate agrees to repay  
to ! ,commission ! excess 7if any7 (--  
7#a7 ! am\nt ( ! paym5t receiv$ by !    
,/ate "u ?is section ) respect to !     
elections involv$2 ov]  7#b7 ! actual   
co/s incurr$ by ! ,/ate 9 c>ry+ out ?is 
subtitle ) respect to ! elections       
involv$4  7e7 ,au?orization (           
,appropriations ,!re is au?oriz$ to be  
appropriat$ to ! ,commission = fiscal   
ye> #bjbj & ea* succe$+ fiscal ye>      
#ajj1jjj1jjj = paym5ts "u ?is section4  
#cbg4 ,exception = elections subject to 
rec\nt "u ,/ate law prior to            
c]tification  7a7 ,exception ,?is       
subtitle does n apply to any election = 
:i* a rec\nt "u ,/ate law w comm5ce     
prior to ! c]tification ( ! results ( ! 
election1 includ+ b n limit$ to a rec\nt
 requir$ automatically because ( ! m>g9 

( victory betwe5 ! #b c&idates receiv+ !
 l>ge/ numb] ( votes 9 ! election1 b    
only if ea* ( ! foll[+ applies to !     
rec\nt3  7#a7 ,! rec\nt comm5ces prior  
to ! det]m9ation & ann\ncem5t by !      
,election ,auditor "u section           
#cbc7;a77#a7 ( ! prec9cts 9 ! ,/ate 9   
:i* x w adm9i/] ! audits "u ?is         
subtitle4  7#b7 ,if ! rec\nt w\ld apply 
to few] ?an #ajj p]c5t ( ! ballots ca/ 9
 ! election-- 7,a7 ! numb] ( ballots    
c\nt$ w be at lea/ z _m z w\ld be c\nt$ 
if an audit 7 conduct$ ) respect to !   
election 9 accordance ) ?is subtitle2 & 
7,b7 ! selection ( ! prec9cts 9 :i* !   
rec\nt w be conduct$ w be made 9        
accordance ) ! r&om selection proc$ures 
applicable "u section #cbd4  7#c7 ,!    
rec\nt = ! election meets ! requirem5ts 
( section #cbc7;f7 7relat+ to public    
obs]vation74  7#d7 ,! ,/ate meets !     
requirem5ts ( section #cbe 7relat+ to ! 
publication ( results & ! delay 9 !     
c]tification ( results7 ) respect to !  
rec\nt4  7b7 ,cl>ification ( ,effect on 

,o!r ,requirem5ts ,no?+ 9 ?is section   
may be con/ru$ to waive ! application ( 
any o!r provision ( ?is ,act to any     
election 7includ+ ! requirem5t set =? 9 
section #cja7;a77#b7 t ! vot]-v]ifi$    
pap] ballots s]ve z ! vote ( record &   
%all be c\nt$ by h& 9 all audits &      
rec\nts1 includ+ audits & rec\nts       
describ$ 9 ?is subtitle74  #cbh4        
,effective date ,?is subtitle %all apply
 ) respect to elections = ,f$]al (fice  
held 9 #bjbj or any succe$+ ye>4  4     
#bjb4 ,availability ( en=cem5t "u ,help 
,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb ,section #dja
 ( ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb   
7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #baaaa7 is am5d$ by /rik+
 sections #cja1 #cjb1 & #cjc & ins]t+   
title ,,iii4  #bjc4 ,guidance on be/    
practices = alt]native audit me*anisms  
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an ,may #a1 #bjai1
 ! ,director ( ! ,national ,in/itute =  
,/&>ds & ,te*nology %all e/abli%        
guidance = ,/ates t wi% to e/abli%      
alt]native audit me*anisms "u section   
#cbb7;b7 ( ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( 

#bjjb 7z add$ by section #bja74 ,su*    
guidance %all be bas$ ^u sci5tifically &
 /ati/ically reasonable assumptions = ! 
purpose ( creat+ an alt]native audit    
me*anism t w be consi/5t ) ! pr9ciples =
 approval describ$ 9 section            
#cbb7;b77#b7 ( su* ,act 7z s add$74  7b7
 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re is 
au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to c>ry out  
subsection 7a7 #ajj1jjj1 to rema9       
available until exp5d$4  #bjd4 ,cl]ical 
am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts ( ! ,help    
,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb is am5d$ by  
add+ at ! end ( ! items relat+ to title 
,,iii ! foll[+3  ,subtitle ,c--,m&atory 
,manual ,audits ,sec4 #cba4 ,requir+    
audits ( results ( elections4 ,sec4     
#cbb4 ,numb] ( ballots c\nt$ "u audit4  
,sec4 #cbc4 ,process = adm9i/]+ audits4 
,sec4 #cbd4 ,selection ( prec9cts4 ,sec4
 #cbe4 ,publication ( results4 ,sec4    
#cbf4 ,paym5ts to ,/ates4 ,sec4 #cbg4   
,exception = elections subject to rec\nt
 "u ,/ate law prior to c]tification4    
,sec4 #cbh4 ,effective date4  4  ,,iii  

,o!r ,re=ms to ,promote ,integrity (    
,elections  ,a ,integrity ( ,election   
,adm9i/ration  #cja4 ,prohibition on    
campaign activities by *ief ,/ate       
election adm9i/ration (ficials  7a7 ,9  
,g5]al ,title ,,iii ( ! ,f$]al ,election
 ,campaign ,act ( #aiga 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4  
#cjaja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] 
section #cai ! foll[+ new section3      
#cai;,a4 ,campaign activities by *ief   
,/ate election adm9i/ration (ficials    
7a7 ,prohibition ,x %all be unlawful = a
 *ief ,/ate election adm9i/ration       
(ficial to take an active "p 9 political
 managem5t or 9 a political campaign )  
respect to any election = ,f$]al (fice  
ov] :i* su* (ficial has sup]visory      
au?ority4  7b7 ,*ief ,/ate election     
adm9i/ration (ficial ,! t]m *ief ,/ate  
election adm9i/ration (ficial means !   
highe/ ,/ate (ficial ) responsibility = 
! adm9i/ration ( ,f$]al elections "u    
,/ate law4  7c7 ,active "p 9 political  
managem5t or 9 a political campaign ,!  
t]m active "p 9 political managem5t or 9

 a political campaign means-- 7#a7 s]v+ 
z a memb] ( an au?oriz$ committee ( a   
c&idate = ,f$]al (fice2  7#b7 ! use (   
(ficial au?ority or influ5ce = ! purpose
 ( int]f]+ ) or affect+ ! result ( an   
election = ,f$]al (fice2  7#c7 !        
solicitation1 acceptance1 or receipt ( a
 contribution f any p]son on behalf ( a 
c&idate = ,f$]al (fice2 &  7#d7 any o!r 
act :i* w\ld be prohibit$ "u p>agraph   
7#b7 or 7#c7 ( section #gcbc7;b7 ( title
 #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 if tak5 by an 
individual to :om su* p>agraph applies  
7o!r ?an any prohibition on runn+ =     
public (fice74  7d7 ,exception =        
,campaigns ( ,(ficial or ,imm$iate      
,family ,memb]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,?is     
section does n apply to a *ief ,/ate    
election adm9i/ration (ficial ) respect 
to an election = ,f$]al (fice 9 :i* !   
(ficial or an imm$iate family memb] ( ! 
(ficial is a c&idate4  7#b7 ,imm$iate   
family memb] def9$ ,9 p>agraph 7#a71 !  
t]m imm$iate family memb] means1 )      
respect to a c&idate1 a fa!r1 "m1 son1  

daught]1 bro!r1 si/]1 husb&1 wife1      
fa!r-9-law1 or "m-9-law4  4  7b7        
,effective ,date ,! am5dm5ts made by    
subsection 7a7 %all apply ) respect to  
elections = ,f$]al (fice held aft]      
,decemb] #bjaf4  #cjb4 ,m&atory tra9+ = 
poll work]s  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,title ,,iii (
 ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb
 ,u4,s4,c4 #bajha et seq47 is am5d$--   
7#a7 by r$esignat+ sections #cjd & #cje 
z sections #cje & #cjf2 &  7#b7 by      
ins]t+ aft] section #cjc ! foll[+ new   
section3  #cjd4 ,m&atory tra9+ = poll   
work]s  7a7 ,tra9+ 9 applicable election
 laws & proc$ures requir$ = all poll    
work]s ,a ,/ate may n assign an         
individual to s]ve z an election (ficial
 at a poll+ place = an election = ,f$]al
 (fice1 includ+ a location s]v+ z a     
poll+ place on a day o!r ?an ! date ( ! 
election1 unless ! ,/ate c]tifies to !  
,commission t ! individual has receiv$  
tra9+ 9 ! election adm9i/ration laws &  
proc$ures applicable 9 ! jurisdiction 9 
:i* ! poll+ place is locat$4  7b7       

,effective date ,ea* ,/ate %all be      
requir$ to comply ) ! requirem5ts (     
subsection 7a7 = ! regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al
 election = ,f$]al (fice occurr+ 9      
,novemb] #bjaf & = any subsequ5t        
election = ,f$]al (fice4  4  7b7        
,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts (   
su* ,act is am5d$-- 7#a7 by r$esignat+ !
 items relat+ to sections #cjd & #cje z 
relat+ to sections #cje & #cjf2 &  7#b7 
by ins]t+ aft] ! item relat+ to section 
#cjc ! foll[+ new item3  ,sec4 #cjd4    
,m&atory tra9+ = poll work]s4  4  #cjc4 
,due process requirem5ts = individuals  
propos$ to be remov$ f li/ ( eligible   
vot]s  7a7 ,int]net po/+ ( li/ (        
individuals propos$ ,to be remov$ f li/ 
,section #h ( ! ,national ,vot]         
,regi/ration ,act ( #aiic 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4
 #bjejg7 is am5d$--  7#a7 by r$esignat+ 
subsection 7j7 z subsection 7k72 &  7#b7
 by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7i7 ! foll[+ 
new subsection3  7j7 ,additional due    
process requirem5ts = individuals       
propos$ ,to be remov$ f li/ ( eligible  

vot]s  7#a7 ,int]net po/+ ( names ,on an
 ongo+ basis1 ! *ief ,/ate election     
(ficial %all po/ on ! ,int]net a li/ %[+
 ! "n & address ( ea* individual :om !  
,/ate int5ds to remove f ! (ficial li/ (
 eligible vot]s 9 elections = ,f$]al    
(fice 9 ! ,/ate1 toge!r ) in/ructions on
 h[ an individual may *all5ge ! propos$ 
removal ( ! individual's "n f ! li/4    
7#b7 ,requir+ opportunity to correct    
record ,! ,/ate may n remove any        
individual f ! (ficial li/ ( eligible   
vot]s 9 elections = ,f$]al (fice 9 !    
,/ate until ! expiration ( ! #fj-;day   
p]iod :i* beg9s on ! date ! *ief ,/ate  
election (ficial po/s ! individual's "n 
& address on ! ,int]net "u p>agraph     
7#a74  7#c7 ,publiciz+ in=mation on due 
process requirem5ts ,! *ief ,/ate       
election (ficial %all dissem9ate        
in=mation to ! g5]al public reg>d+ !    
,int]net po/+ ( names & addresses "u    
p>agraph 7#a7 & ! opportunity =         
individuals to correct records "u       
p>agraph 7#b71 includ+ by s5d+ in=mation

 to m$ia outlets 9 ! ,/ate & by prep>+  
in=mation = di/ribution & display by    
(fices ( ! ,/ate motor vehicle au?ority4
  4  7b7 ,effective date ,! am5dm5t made
 by subsection 7a7 %all apply ) respect 
to elections = ,f$]al (fice held dur+   
#bjah or any succe$+ ye>4  #cjd4        
,m&atory response by ,attorney ,g5]al to
 allegations ( vot] intimidation or     
suppression by law en=cem5t (fic]s & o!r
 gov]nm5t (ficials  7a7 ,m&atory        
response to allegations  7#a7 ,9 g5]al  
,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] receiv+ an    
allegation describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 f  
any p]son1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all--    
7,a7 initiate an inve/igation ( !       
allegation2 or  7,b7 provide ! p]son ) a
 writt5 /atem5t t ! ,attorney ,g5]al w n
 inve/igate ! allegation1 & include 9 ! 
/atem5t ! ,attorney ,g5]al's reasons = n
 inve/igat+ ! allegation4  7#b7 ,special
 rule = allegations receiv$ )9 #cj days 
( election ,if ! ,attorney ,g5]al       
receives an allegation describ$ 9       
subsection 7b7 dur+ ! #cj-;day p]iod :i*

 ends on ! date ( an election = ,f$]al  
(fice1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al %all meet !   
requirem5ts ( p>agraph 7#a7 n lat] ?an  
#dh h\rs aft] receiv+ ! allegation4  7b7
 ,allegations describ$ ,an allegation   
describ$ 9 ?is subsection is-- 7#a7 an  
allegation t a law en=cem5t (fic] or o!r
 (ficial ( a ,/ate or local gov]nm5t has
 intimidat$1 ?reat5$1 or co]c$1 or      
attempt$ to intimidate1 ?reat51 or      
co]ce1 any individual = vot+1 or =      
attempt+ to vote1 9 an election = ,f$]al
 (fice2 or  7#b7 an allegation t an     
election (ficial ( a ,/ate or local     
gov]nm5t has engag$ or has attempt$ to  
engage 9 vot] suppression activity4  ,b 
,remov+ ,b>ri]s to ,vot+  #caa4         
,requirem5ts = c\nt+ provisional        
ballots2 e/abli%m5t ( uni=m &           
nondiscrim9atory /&>ds  7a7 ,9 g5]al    
,section #cjb ( ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote   
,act ( #bjjb 7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bajhb7 is  
am5d$-- 7#a7 by r$esignat+ subsection   
7d7 z subsection 7f72 &  7#b7 by ins]t+ 
aft] subsection 7c7 ! foll[+ new        

subsections3  7d7 ,/atewide c\nt+ (     
provisional ballots  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,=   
purposes ( subsection 7a77#d71 not)/&+ !
 prec9ct or poll+ place at :i* a        
provisional ballot is ca/ )9 ! ,/ate1 ! 
appropriate election (ficial %all c\nt  
ea* vote on su* ballot = ea* election 9 
:i* ! individual :o ca/ su* ballot is   
eligible to vote4  7#b7 ,effective date 
,?is subsection %all apply ) respect to 
elections held on or aft] ,janu>y #a1   
#bjag4  7e7 ,uni=m & nondiscrim9atory   
/&>ds  7#a7 ,e/abli%m5t ( /&>ds by      
,commission ,! ,commission %all e/abli% 
uni=m & nondiscrim9atory /&>ds = !      
issuance1 h&l+1 & c\nt+ ( provisional   
ballots1 consi/5t ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is 
section4  7#b7 ,compliance ) /&>ds ,ea* 
,/ate %all comply ) ! /&>ds e/abli%$ by 
! ,commission "u ?is subsection4  7#c7  
,effective date ,?is subsection %all    
apply ) respect to elections held on or 
aft] ,janu>y #a1 #bjag4  4  7b7 ,con=m+ 
am5dm5t relat+ to effective date        
,section #cjb7;f7 ( su* ,act 7#eb       

,u4,s4,c4 #bajhb7;f771 z r$esignat$ by  
subsection 7a71 is am5d$ by /rik+ ,ea*  
,/ate & ins]t+ ,except z provid$ 9      
subsections 7d77#b7 & 7e77#c71 ea*      
,/ate4  #cab4 ,prohibit+ imposition (   
conditions on vot+ by mail  7a7         
,prohibition ,title ,,iii ( ! ,help     
,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb 7#eb         
,u4,s4,c4 #bajha et seq471 z am5d$ by   
section #bja1 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end 
! foll[+ new subtitle3  ,d ,o!r         
,requirem5ts ,to ,remove ,b>ri]s to     
,vot+  #cca4 ,prohibit+ imposition (    
conditions on vot+ by mail  7a7 ,9      
,g5]al ,if an individual 9 a ,/ate is   
eligible to ca/ a vote 9 an election =  
,f$]al (fice1 ! ,/ate may n impose any  
additional conditions or requirem5ts on 
! eligibility ( ! individual to ca/ !   
vote 9 su* election by mail 7includ+ by 
abs5tee ballot71 except z requir$ "u    
subsection 7b7 & except to ! ext5t t !  
,/ate imposes a deadl9e = reque/+ !     
ballot & relat$ vot+ mat]ials f !       
appropriate ,/ate or local election     

(ficial & = return+ ! ballot to !       
appropriate ,/ate or local election     
(ficial4  7b7 ,requir+ signature        
v]ification ,a ,/ate may n accept &     
process an abs5tee ballot submitt$ by   
any individual ) respect to an election 
= ,f$]al (fice unless ! ,/ate v]ifies ! 
id5tification ( ! individual by comp>+ !
 individual's signature on ! abs5tee    
ballot ) ! individual's signature on !  
(ficial li/ ( regi/]$ vot]s 9 ! ,/ate1 9
 accordance ) su* proc$ures z ! ,/ate   
may adopt4  7c7 ,effective date ,?is    
section %all apply ) respect to         
elections held on or aft] ,janu>y #a1   
#bjah4  4  7b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5ts relat+  
to adoption ( volunt>y guidance by      
,election ,assi/ance ,commission  7#a7  
,applicability ( volunt>y guidance      
,section #caa7;a7 ( su* ,act 7#eb       
,u4,s4,c4 #baaja7;a77 is am5d$ by /rik+ 
subtitle ,a & ins]t+ subtitle ,a &      
subtitle ,d4  7#b7 ,deadl9e = adoption  
,section #caa7;b7 ( su* ,act 7#eb       
,u4,s4,c4 #baaja7;b77 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by

 /rik+ & at ! end ( p>agraph 7#b72  7,b7
 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end ( p>agraph   
7#c7 & ins]t+ 2 &2 &  7,c7 by add+ at ! 
end ! foll[+ new p>agraph3  7#d7 9 !    
case ( ! recomm5dations ) respect to    
subtitle ,d1 ,june #cj1 #bjag4  4  7c7  
,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts (   
su* ,act is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ( !  
items relat+ to title ,,iii ! foll[+3   
,subtitle ,d--,o!r ,requirem5ts ,to     
,remove ,b>ri]s to ,vot+ ,sec4 #cca4    
,prohibit+ imposition ( conditions on   
vot+ by mail4  4  #cac4 ,m&atory        
availability ( e>ly vot+  7a7 ,m&atory  
availability ,subtitle ,d ( title ,,iii 
( ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb1 z 
add$ by section #cab7;a71 is am5d$ by   
add+ at ! end ! foll[+ new section3     
#ccb4 ,m&atory availability ( e>ly vot+ 
7a7 ,requir+ availability ( vot+ prior  
to date ( election  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea*  
,/ate %all all[ individuals to vote 9 an
 election = ,f$]al (fice dur+ an e>ly   
vot+ p]iod :i* occurs prior to ! date ( 
! election4  7#b7 ,l5g? ( p]iod ,! e>ly 

vot+ p]iod requir$ "u ?is subsection )  
respect to an election %all consi/ ( a  
p]iod ( n few] ?an #ad consecutive days 
7includ+ week5ds7 :i* beg9s on ! #ag?   
day be=e ! date ( ! election 7or1 at !  
option ( ! ,/ate1 on a day prior to !   
#ag? day be=e ! date ( ! election7 &    
ends on ! date ( ! election4  7b7       
,m9imum e>ly vot+ requirem5ts ,ea* poll+
 place :i* all[s vot+ dur+ an e>ly vot+ 
p]iod "u subsection 7a7 %all-- 7#a7 all[
 su* vot+ = no less ?an #ab h\rs on ea* 
day1 except t ! poll+ place may all[ su*
 vot+ = few] ?an #ab h\rs on ,sundays2 &
  7#b7 h uni=m h\rs ea* day = :i* su*   
vot+ occurs4  7c7 ,location ( poll+     
places ne> public transportation ,to !  
greate/ ext5t practicable1 a ,/ate %all 
ensure t ea* poll+ place :i* all[s vot+ 
dur+ an e>ly vot+ p]iod "u subsection   
7a7 is locat$ )9 walk+ di/ance ( a /op  
on a public transportation r\te4  7d7   
,/&>ds  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,commission    
%all issue /&>ds = ! adm9i/ration ( vot+
 prior to ! day s*$ul$ = a ,f$]al       

election4 ,su* /&>ds %all include !     
nondiscrim9atory geographic placem5t (  
poll+ places at :i* su* vot+ occurs4    
7#b7 ,deviation ,! /&>ds describ$ 9     
p>agraph 7#a7 %all p]mit ,/ates1 ^u     
provid+ adequate public notice1 to      
deviate f any requirem5t 9 ! case (     
un=ese5 circum/ances su* z a natural    
disa/]1 t]rori/ attack1 or a *ange 9    
vot] turn\t4  7e7 ,effective date ,?is  
section %all apply ) respect to         
elections held on or aft] ,janu>y #a1   
#bjah4  4  7b7 ,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table
 ( cont5ts ( su* ,act1 z am5d$ by       
section #cab7;c71 is am5d$ by add+ at ! 
end ( ! items relat+ to subtitle ,d (   
title ,,iii ! foll[+3  ,sec4 #ccb4      
,m&atory availability ( e>ly vot+4  4   
#cad4 ,requirem5ts = availability (     
suffici5t poll+ places1 equipm5t1 &     
res\rces  7a7 ,requir+ ,/ates ,to meet  
requirem5ts ,subtitle ,d ( title ,,iii (
 ! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act ( #bjjb1 z  
add$ by section #cab7;a7 & z am5d$ by   
section #cac7;a71 is am5d$ by add+ at ! 

end ! foll[+ new section3  #ccc4        
,availability ( suffici5t poll+ places1 
equipm5t1 & res\rces  7a7 ,9 ,g5]al ,9  
accordance ) ! /&>ds e/abli%$ "u        
subsection 7b71 ea* ,/ate %all provide  
=-- 7#a7 an appropriate numb] &         
geographic di/ribution ( vot+ sites on !
 day ( any election = ,f$]al (fice & on 
any days dur+ :i* su* ,/ate all[s e>ly  
vot+ 9 su* elections2 &  7#b7 ! m9imum  
requir$ numb] ( vot+ sy/ems & o!r       
election res\rces 7includ+ all o!r vot+ 
equipm5t & supplies7 = ea* su* vot+     
site4  7b7 ,/&>ds  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat]
 ?an ,june #cj1 #bjag1 ! ,commission    
%all conduct a /udy &1 on ! basis ( !   
f9d+s ( ! /udy1 issue /&>ds = ,/ates to 
foll[ 9 e/abli%+ an appropriate numb] & 
geographic di/ribution ( vot+ sites 9   
elections = ,f$]al (fice on ! day ( any 
,f$]al election & on any days dur+ :i* !
 ,/ate all[s e>ly vot+ 9 su* elections1 
& 9 provid+ = ! m9imum numb] ( vot+     
sy/ems & o!r election res\rces 7includ+ 
all o!r vot+ equipm5t & supplies7 = ea* 

su* vot+ site4  7#b7 ,di/ribution  7,a7 
,9 g5]al ,! /&>ds describ$ 9 p>agraph   
7#a7 %all provide = a uni=m &           
nondiscrim9atory di/ribution ( su*      
sites1 sy/ems1 & o!r res\rces1 &1 to !  
ext5t possible1 %all take into acc\nt1  
among o!r factors1 ! foll[+3  7i7 ,!    
vot+ age population4  7ii7 ,vot] turn\t 
9 pa/ elections4  7iii7 ,! numb] ( vot]s
 regi/]$4  7iv7 ,! numb] ( vot]s :o h   
regi/]$ s9ce ! mo/ rec5t ,f$]al         
election4  7v7 ,c5sus data = !          
population s]v$ by ea* vot+ site4  7vi7 
,! educational levels & socioeconomic   
factors ( ! population s]v$ by ea* vot+ 
site4  7vii7 ,! ne$s & numb]s ( vot]s ) 
disabilities & vot]s ) limit$ ,engli%   
pr(ici5cy4  7viii7 ,! type ( vot+ sy/ems
 us$4  7,b7 ,no factor dispositive ,!   
/&>ds %all provide t ! di/ribution (    
vot+ sites1 sy/ems1 & res\rces %\ld take
 into acc\nt ! totality ( all relevant  
factors1 & no s+le factor %all be       
dispositive "u ! /&>ds4  7,c7 ,purpose  
,to ! ext5t possible1 ! /&>ds %all      

provide = a di/ribution ( vot+ sites1   
sy/ems1 & res\rces ) ! goals (--  7i7   
ensur+ a fair & equitable wait+ "t = all
 vot]s 9 ! ,/ate2 &  7ii7 prev5t+ a     
wait+ "t ( ov] #a h\r at any vot+ site4 
7#c7 ,deviation ,! /&>ds describ$ 9     
p>agraph 7#a7 %all p]mit ,/ates1 ^u giv+
 reasonable public notice1 to deviate f 
any allocation requirem5ts 9 ! case (   
un=ese5 circum/ances su* z a natural    
disa/] or t]rori/ attack4  7c7          
,effective date ,?is section %all apply 
) respect to elections held on or aft]  
,janu>y #a1 #bjah4  4  7b7 ,cl]ical     
am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts ( su* ,act1 z
 am5d$ by section #cab7;c7 & section    
#cac7;b71 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ( ! 
items relat+ to subtitle ,d ( title     
,,iii ! foll[+3  ,sec4 #ccc4            
,availability ( suffici5t poll+ places1 
equipm5t1 & res\rces4  4  ,,iv ,rulemak+
 ,au?ority ( ,election ,assi/ance       
,commission  #dja4 ,p]mitt+ ,election   
,assi/ance ,commission to ex]cise       
rulemak+ au?ority  7a7 ,rulemak+        

au?ority ,! ,help ,am]ica ,vote ,act (  
#bjjb is am5d$ by /rik+ section #bji    
7#eb ,u4,s4,c4 #bjibi74  7b7 ,cl]ical   
am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts ( su* ,act is
 am5d$ by /rik+ ! item relat+ to section
 #bji4