,i  #aad? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #cffg  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,octob] #a1 #bjae ,ms4
 ,ros-,leht95 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2  
:i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign  
,affairs  ,a ,,bill  ,to promote        
transp>5cy1 acc\ntability1 & re=m )9 !  
,unit$ ,nations sy/em1 & = o!r purposes4
  #a4  ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts  7a7
  ,%ort title  ,?is ,act may be cit$ z !
 ,unit$ ,nations ,transp>5cy1           
,acc\ntability1 & ,re=m ,act ( #bjae4   
7b7  ,table ( cont5ts  ,! table (       
cont5ts = ?is ,act is z foll[s3 ,sec4   
#a4 ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts4 ,sec4 
#b4 ,def9itions4 ,title ,i--,,fund+ ,,( 
,,! ,,unit$ ,,nations ,sec4 #aja4       
,f9d+s4 ,sec4 #ajb4 ,apportionm5t ( !   
,unit$ ,nations regul> budget on a      
volunt>y basis4 ,sec4 #ajc4 ,budget     
ju/ification = ,unit$ ,/ates            
contributions to ! regul> budget ( !    
,unit$ ,nations4 ,sec4 #ajd4 ,report on 
,unit$ ,nations re=m4 ,title            
,,ii--,,transp>5cy ,,& ,,acc\ntability  

,,= ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,contributions ,,to
 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,nations ,sec4 #bja4      
,f9d+s4 ,sec4 #bjb4 ,def9itions4 ,sec4  
#bjc4 ,ov]sight ( ,unit$ ,/ates         
contributions to ! ,unit$ ,nations      
,sy/em4 ,sec4 #bjd4 ,transp>5cy = ,unit$
 ,/ates ,contributions4 ,sec4 #bje4     
,integrity = ,unit$ ,/ates              
,contributions4 ,sec4 #bjf4 ,refund (   
monies ow$ by ! ,unit$ ,nations to !    
,unit$ ,/ates4 ,sec4 #bjg4 ,annual      
reports on ,unit$ ,/ates ,contributions 
to ! ,unit$ ,nations4 ,sec4 #bjh4       
,report on ,unit$ ,nations procurem5t   
practices4 ,title ,,iii--,,unit$ ,,/ates
 ,,policy ,,at ,,! ,,unit$ ,,nations    
,sec4 #cja4 ,annual publication4 ,sec4  
#cjb4 ,annual f9ancial disclosure4 ,sec4
 #cjc4 ,policy ) respect to expansion ( 
! ,security ,c\ncil4 ,sec4 #cjd4 ,access
 to reports & audits4 ,sec4 #cje4 ,waiv]
 ( immunity4 ,sec4 #cjf4 ,review (      
,unit$ ,nations ,conv5tions on          
,t]rorism4 ,sec4 #cjg4 ,report on ,unit$
 ,nations p]sonnel4 ,sec4 #cjh4 ,unit$  

,nations treaty bodies4 ,sec4 #cji4     
,equality at ! ,unit$ ,nations4 ,sec4   
#caj4 ,anti-,semitism & ! ,unit$        
,nations4 ,sec4 #caa4 ,unit$ ,/ates     
policy on ,taiwan's p>ticipation 9      
,unit$ ,nations ,entities4 ,sec4 #cab4  
,unit$ ,/ates policy on ,ti] #c human   
rights violators4 ,title ,,iv--,,/atus  
,,( ,,pale/9ian ,,entities ,,at ,,!     
,,unit$ ,,nations ,sec4 #dja4 ,f9d+s4   
,sec4 #djb4 ,/atem5t ( policy4 ,sec4    
#djc4 ,implem5tation4 ,title ,v--,,unit$
 ,,nations ,,human ,,rights ,,c\ncil    
,sec4 #eja4 ,f9d+s4 ,sec4 #ejb4 ,human  
,rights ,c\ncil memb]%ip & fund+4 ,title
 ,,vi--#bjad ,,gaza ,,report ,sec4 #fja4
 ,f9d+s4 ,sec4 #fjb4 ,/atem5t ( policy4 
,sec4 #fjc4 ,)hold+ ( funds2 ,refund (  
,unit$ ,/ates taxpay] doll>s4 ,title    
,,vii--,,bias$ ,,& ,,compromis$         
,,activities ,sec4 #gja4 ,)hold+ (      
funds4 ,title ,,viii--,,unrwa ,sec4     
#hja4 ,f9d+s4 ,sec4 #hjb4 ,unit$ ,/ates 
,contributions to ,,unrwa4 ,sec4 #hjc4  
,s5se ( ,congress4 ,title               

,,ix--,,int]national ,,atomic ,,en]gy   
,,ag5cy ,sec4 #ija4 ,te*nical coop]ation
 program4 ,sec4 #ijb4 ,unit$ ,/ates     
policy at ! ,,iaea4 ,sec4 #ijc4 ,s5se ( 
,congress reg>d+ ! ,nucle> ,security    
,action ,plan ( ! ,,iaea4 ,title        
,x--,,peacekeep+ ,sec4 #ajja4 ,re=m (   
,unit$ ,nations peacekeep+ op]ations4   
,sec4 #ajjb4 ,policy relat+ to re=m (   
,unit$ ,nations peacekeep+ op]ations4   
,sec4 #ajjc4 ,c]tification4  #b4        
,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3  7#a7          
,employee  ,! t]m employee means an     
individual :o is employ$ 9 ! g5]al      
s]vices1 pr(essional /aff1 or s5ior     
managem5t ( ! ,unit$ ,nations1 includ+  
consultants1 contractors1 &             
subcontractors4  7#b7  ,g5]al ,assembly 
,! t]m ,g5]al ,assembly means ! ,g5]al  
,assembly ( ! ,unit$ ,nations4  7#c7    
,memb] ,/ate  ,! t]m ,memb] ,/ate means 
a ,memb] ,/ate ( ! ,unit$ ,nations4 ,su*
 t]m is synonym\s ) ! t]m c\ntry4  7#d7 
,secret>y  ,! t]m ,secret>y means !     
,secret>y ( ,/ate4  7#e7 ,secret>y      

,g5]al ,! t]m ,secret>y ,g5]al means !  
,secret>y ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,nations4   
7#f7  ,security ,c\ncil  ,! t]m         
,security ,c\ncil means ! ,security     
,c\ncil ( ! ,unit$ ,nations4  7#g7  ,,un
  ,! t]m ,,un means ! ,unit$ ,nations4  
7#h7 ,unit$ ,nations ,entity ,! t]m     
,unit$ ,nations ,entity means any ,unit$
 ,nations ag5cy1 commission1 conf]5ce1  
c\ncil1 c\rt1 dep>tm5t1 =um1 fund1      
in/itute1 (fice1 organization1 p>tn]%ip1
 program1 subsidi>y body1 tribunal1     
tru/1 univ]sity or academic body1 relat$
 organization or subsidi>y body1 :]ev]  
locat$1 t flies ! ,unit$ ,nations flag  
or is au?oriz$ to use ! ,unit$ ,nations 
logo1 includ+ ^? ,unit$ ,nations        
affiliat$ ag5cies & bodies id5tifi$ z   
recipi5ts ( ,unit$ ,/ates contributions 
"u section #abbe7;b77#c77;,e7 ( ! ,john 
,w>n] ,national ,def5se ,au?orization   
,act = ,fiscal ,ye> #bjjg 7,public ,law 
#aji-cfd71 b n includ+ ! ,int]national  
,bank = ,recon/ruction & ,developm5t1 ! 
,int]national ,c5tre = ,settlem5t (     

,inve/m5t ,disputes1 ! ,int]national    
,developm5t ,association1 !             
,int]national ,f9ance ,corporation1 !   
,multilat]al ,inve/m5t ,gu>antee ,ag5cy1
 & ! ,_w ,trade ,organization4  7#i7    
,unit$ ,nations ,sy/em  ,! t]m ,unit$   
,nations ,sy/em means ! aggregation (   
all ,unit$ ,nations ,entities1 z def9$ 9
 p>agraph 7#h74  7#aj7  ,unit$ ,/ates   
,contribution  ,! t]m ,unit$ ,/ates     
,contribution means an assess$ or       
volunt>y contribution1 :e!r f9ancial1   
9-k9d1 or o!rwise1 f ! ,unit$ ,/ates    
,gov]nm5t to a ,unit$ ,nations ,entity1 
includ+ contributions pass$ ?r\gh o!r   
entities = ultimate use by a ,unit$     
,nations ,entity4 ,unit$ ,/ates         
,contributions include ^? contributions 
id5tifi$ pursuant to section            
#abbe7;b77#c77;,e7 ( ! ,john ,w>n]      
,national ,def5se ,au?orization ,act =  
,fiscal ,ye> #bjjg 7,public ,law        
#aji-cfd74  7#aa7  ,appropriate         
congressional committees  ,! t]m        
appropriate congressional committees    

means-- 7,a7 ! ,committees on ,=eign    
,affairs1 ,appropriations1 & ,ov]sight &
 ,gov]nm5t ,re=m ( ! ,h\se (            
,repres5tatives2 &  7,b7 ! ,committees  
on ,=eign ,relations1 ,appropriations1 &
 ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal        
,affairs ( ! ,s5ate4  ,i  ,,fund+ ,,(   
,,! ,,unit$ ,,nations  #aja4  ,f9d+s    
,congress makes ! foll[+ f9d+s3  7#a7 ,!
 ,unit$ ,/ates pays billions ( doll>s   
into ! ,unit$ ,nations sy/em e ye>      
7almo/ #g1gjj1jjj1jjj 9 #bjaj1 accord+  
to ! ,:ite ,h\se ,(fice ( ,managem5t &  
,budget1 ! la/ "t a complete report has 
be5 provid$71 significantly m ?an any   
o!r nation4  7#b7 ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate  
has yet provide to ,congress a report on
 all ,unit$ ,/ates contributions to !   
,unit$ ,nations & ,unit$ ,nations       
,entities z requir$ #ij days aft] !     
enactm5t ( ! ,consolidat$ & ,fur!r      
,cont9u+ ,appropriations ,act ( #bjae   
7,public ,law #aac-bce7 on ,decemb] #af1
 #bjad1 9 accordance ) ,h\se ,report    
#aac-dii1 :i* accompani$ ! ,/ate1 ,=eign

 ,op]ations1 & ,relat$ ,programs        
,appropriations ,bill ( #bjae4  7#c7 ,"u
 curr5t rules & contribution levels1 x  
is possible to assemble ! two-?irds     
majority ne$$ = important ,unit$        
,nations budget votes ) a gr\p (        
c\ntries t1 tak5 toge!r1 pay            
approximately #a p]c5t ( ! total ,unit$ 
,nations regul> budget4  7#d7 ,!        
disconnect betwe5 contribution levels & 
managem5t control creates significant   
p]v]se inc5tives 9 t]ms ( ,unit$        
,nations sp5d+1 transp>5cy1 &           
acc\ntability4  7#e7 ,! ,unit$ ,nations 
sy/em suff]s f unacceptably high levels 
( wa/e1 fraud1 & abuse1 :i* s]i\sly     
impair its ability to fulfill ! l(ty    
ideals ( its f\nd+4  7#f7 ,amid/ !      
cont9u+ f9ancial1 corruption1 & sexual  
abuse sc&als ( ! pa/ sev]al ye>s1       
,am]ican public disapproval ( ,unit$    
,nations has rea*$ all-"t highs4 ,a     
#bjae ,gallup poll reveal$ t #eg p]c5t (
 ,am]icans believe t ! ,unit$ ,nations  
is do+ a poor job4  7#g7 ,significant   

improvem5ts 9 ,unit$ ,nations transp>5cy
 & acc\ntability are necess>y = improv+ 
public p]ceptions ( ,am]ican support =  
,unit$ ,nations op]ations4  7#h7        
,because ( _! ne$ to ju/ify future      
contributions f donors1 volunt>ily fund$
 organizations h m inc5tive to be       
responsive & effici5t 9 _! op]ations ?an
 organizations fund$ by compulsory      
contributions t are n ti$ to p]=mance4  
7#i7 ,ca!r9e ,b]t9i1 ! =m] ,unit$       
,nations ,"u-,secret>y ,g5]al =         
,managem5t & director ( ! ,_w ,food     
,program 7,,wfp71 has /at$ t ,volunt>y  
fund+ creates an entirely diff]5t       
atmosph]e at ,,wfp ?an at ! ,,un4 ,at   
,,wfp1 e /aff memb] kn[s t we h to be z 
effici5t1 acc\ntable1 transp>5t1 &      
results-ori5t$ z possible4 ,if we are n1
 donor gov]nm5ts c take _! fund+ else:]e
 9 a v competitive _w among ,,un        
ag5cies1 ,n,g,os1 & bilat]al gov]nm5ts44
  7#aj7 ,article ,,xvii ( ! ,*>t] ( !   
,unit$ ,nations1 :i* /ates t the exp5ses
 ( ! ,organization %all be borne by !   

,memb]s z apportion$ by ! ,g5]al        
,assembly1 leaves to ! discretion ( !   
,g5]al ,assembly ! basis ( apportionm5t1
 :i* c\ld be done on ! basis ( volunt>y 
pl$ges by ,memb] ,/ates4  7#aa7 ,unlike 
,unit$ ,/ates assess$ contributions to !
 ,unit$ ,nations regul> budget1 :i* are 
/atutorily capp$ at #bb p]c5t ( ! total1
 !re is no cap on volunt>y              
contributions4  7#ab7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates1 
:i* contributes g5]\sly to int]national 
organizations ^: activities x recognizes
 z cr$ible1 wor?:ile1 & effici5t1       
contributes m ?an #bb p]c5t ( ! budget (
 c]ta9 volunt>ily fund$ ,unit$ ,nations 
,specializ$ ,ag5cies4  7#ac7 ,john      
,bolton1 =m] ,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t     
,repres5tative to ! ,unit$ ,nations1 has
 /at$ t ,mov+ to volunt>y fund+ w\ld end
 ! ,,un practice ( *>g+ memb] /ates = ! 
exp5ses ( ! ,,un & its activities4      
,memb] /ates w\ld in/ead det]m9e =      
!mselves h[ mu* to provide to ! ,,un &1 
importantly1 ! specific tasks &         
activities t ^? contributions w\ld      

support4 ,! %ift t[>d a volunt>y paym5t 
sy/em w\ld impose a /rong] m>ket        
inc5tive = ,,un programs & activities to
 meet _! goals & ju/ify cont9u$ fund+44 
#ajb4  ,apportionm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,nations
 regul> budget on a volunt>y basis  7a7 
,unit$ ,/ates policy  7#a7  ,9 g5]al  ,x
 is ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to seek  
to %ift ! fund+ me*anism = ! regul>     
budget ( ! ,unit$ ,nations f an assess$ 
to a volunt>y basis4  7#b7  ,action at  
,unit$ ,nations  ,! ,presid5t %all      
direct ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t         
,repres5tative to ! ,unit$ ,nations to  
use ! voice1 vote1 & influ5ce ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates at ! ,unit$ ,nations to %ift !  
fund+ me*anism = ! regul> budget ( !    
,unit$ ,nations to a volunt>y basis1 &  
to make x a priority to build support = 
su* a trans=mational *ange among ,memb] 
,/ates1 p>ticul>ly key ,unit$ ,nations  
donors4  7b7  ,c]tification (           
pr$om9antly volunt>y ,,un regul> budget 
f9d+  ,a c]tification describ$ 9 ?is    
section is a c]tification by ! ,secret>y

 ( ,/ate to ! ,appropriate              
,congressional ,committees t at lea/ #hj
 p]c5t ( ! total regul> budget 7n       
includ+ extra-budget>y contributions7 ( 
! ,unit$ ,nations is apportion$ on a    
volunt>y basis4 ,ea* su* c]tification   
%all be effective = a p]iod ( n m ?an #a
 ye>1 & %all be promptly revok$ by !    
,secret>y1 ) notice to ! appropriate    
congressional committees1 if ! und]ly+  
circum/ances *ange s z n to w>rant su*  
c]tification4  7c7  ,)hold+ (           
nonvolunt>y contributions  7#a7  ,9     
g5]al  ,beg9n+ #b ye>s aft] ! effective 
date ( ?is ,act & not)/&+ any o!r       
provision ( law1 no funds may be        
obligat$ or exp5d$ = a ,unit$ ,/ates    
assess$ contribution to ! regul> budget 
( ! ,unit$ ,nations 9 an am\nt great]   
?an #ej p]c5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %>e (   
assess$ contributions = ! regul> budget 
( ! ,unit$ ,nations unless !re is 9     
effect a c]tification by ! ,secret>y1 z 
describ$ 9 subsection 7b74  7#b7        
,all[ance  ,= a p]iod ( #a ye> aft]     

appropriation1 funds appropriat$ = use z
 a ,unit$ ,/ates contribution to !      
regul> budget ( ! ,unit$ ,nations b     
)held f obligation & exp5diture pursuant
 to p>agraph 7#a7 may be obligat$ &     
exp5d$ = t purpose ^u ! c]tification    
describ$ 9 subsection 7b74 ,aft] #a ye>1
 9 ! abs5ce ( su* c]tification1 ^? funds
 %all rev]t to ! ,unit$ ,/ates          
,treasury4  #ajc4  ,budget ju/ification 
= ,unit$ ,/ates contributions to !      
regul> budget ( ! ,unit$ ,nations  7a7  
,detail$ itemization  ,! annual         
congressional budget ju/ification %all  
include a detail$ itemiz$ reque/ 9      
support ( ! contribution ( ! ,unit$     
,/ates to ! regul> budget ( ! ,unit$    
,nations4  7b7  ,cont5ts ( detail$      
itemization  ,! detail$ itemization     
requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all-- 7#a7   
conta9 in=mation relat+ to ! am\nts     
reque/$ 9 support ( ea* ( ! v>i\s       
sections & titles ( ! regul> budget ( ! 
,unit$ ,nations2 &  7#b7 comp>e ! am\nts
 reque/$ = ! curr5t ye> ) ! actual or   

e/imat$ am\nts contribut$ by ! ,unit$   
,/ates 9 previ\s fiscal ye>s = ! same   
sections & titles4  7c7  ,adju/m5ts &   
notification  ,if ! ,unit$ ,nations     
proposes an adju/m5t to its regul>      
assess$ budget1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate     
%all1 at ! "t su* adju/m5t is pres5t$ to
 ! ,advisory ,committee on ,adm9i/rative
 & ,budget>y ,que/ions 7,,acabq71 notify
 & consult ) ! appropriate congressional
 committees4  #ajd4  ,report on ,unit$  
,nations re=m  7a7  ,9 g5]al  ,n lat]   
?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t (
 ?is ,act & annually !reaft]1 !         
,secret>y %all submit to ! appropriate  
congressional committees a report on    
,unit$ ,nations re=m4  7b7  ,cont5ts  ,!
 report requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all  
describe ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,progress t[>d 
! goal ( %ift+ ! fund+ = ! ,unit$       
,nations ,regul> ,budget to a volunt>y  
basis z id5tifi$ 9 section #ajb1 & a    
detail$ description ( ef=ts & activities
 by ,unit$ ,/ates diplomats & (ficials  
t[>d t end4  7#b7 ,progress t[>d ea* ( !

 policy goals id5tifi$ 9 ! prior        
sections ( ?is title1 & a detail$1      
goal-specific description ( ef=ts &     
activities by ,unit$ ,/ates diplomats & 
(ficials t[>d ^? ends4  7#c7 ,! /atus ( 
! implem5tation ( managem5t re=ms )9 !  
,unit$ ,nations & its specializ$        
ag5cies4  7#d7 ,! numb] ( outputs1      
reports1 or o!r m&ates g5]at$ by ,g5]al 
,assembly resolutions t h be5 elim9at$4 
7#e7 ,! progress ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly to
 mod]nize & /reaml9e ! committee        
/ructure & its specific recomm5dations  
on ov]sight & committee outputs1        
consi/5t ) ! l&m>k ,m>* #bjje report ( !
 ,secret>y ,g5]al entitl$ ,9 l>g]       
fre$om3 t[>ds developm5t1 security &    
human rights = all4  7#f7 ,! /atus ( !  
review by ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( all      
m&ates old] ?an #e ye>s & h[ res\rces h 
be5 r$irect$ to new *all5ges1 consi/5t )
 su* ,m>* #bjje report ( ! ,secret>y    
,g5]al & o!r relevant reports4  7#g7 ,! 
cont9u$ utility & relevance ( !         
,economic & ,f9ancial ,committee & !    

,social1 ,humanit>ian1 & ,cultural      
,committee1 9 light ( ! duplicative     
ag5das ( ^? committees & ! ,economic &  
,social ,c\ncil4  7#h7 ,:e!r ! ,unit$   
,nations or any ( its specializ$ ag5cies
 has contract$ ) any p>ty includ$ on !  
,li/s ( ,p>ties ,exclud$ f ,f$]al       
,procurem5t & ,nonprocurem5t ,programs4 
,,ii  ,,transp>5cy ,,& ,,acc\ntability  
,,= ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,contributions ,,to
 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,nations  #bja4  ,f9d+s   
,congress makes ! foll[+ f9d+s3  7#a7 ,z
 und]scor$ by cont9u+ revelations (     
wa/e1 fraud1 & abuse1 ov]sight &        
acc\ntability me*anisms )9 ! ,unit$     
,nations sy/em rema9 significantly      
defici5t1 despite decades ( re=m        
attempts1 includ+ ^? initiat$ by        
,secret>ies ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,nations4 
7#b7 ,not)/&+ ! p]sonal int5tions ( any 
,secret>y ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,nations to 
promote in/itutional transp>5cy &       
acc\ntability )9 ! ,unit$ ,nations      
,sy/em1 ! ,secret>y ,g5]al lacks ! p[]  
to impose f> rea*+ managem5t re=ms )\t !

 concurr5ce ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly4  7#c7 
,gr\p+s ( ,memb] ,/ates ^: vot+ p[] 9 ! 
,g5]al ,assembly significantly outpaces 
_! proportional contributions to !      
,unit$ ,nations sy/em h repeat$ly &     
successfully defeat$1 delay$1 & dilut$  
v>i\s re=m proposals t w\ld h enabl$ m  
detail$ ov]sight & scrut9y ( ,unit$     
,nations sy/em op]ations & exp5ditures4 
7#d7 ,to an unacceptable degree1 major  
donor /ates1 includ+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates1   
lack access to reasonably detail$1      
reliable in=mation t w\ld all[ !m to    
det]m9e h[ _! contributions h be5 sp5t  
by v>i\s ,unit$ ,nations sy/em entities1
 fur!r contribut+ to ! lack (           
acc\ntability )9 ! ,unit$ ,nations      
sy/em4  7#e7 ,9 ,septemb] #bjae1 ! ,/ate
 ,dep>tm5t ann\nc$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld 
)hold #ae p]c5t ( ,unit$ ,/ates         
contributions to ! ,_w ,intellectual    
,prop]ty ,organization 7,,wipo7 because 
! ,secret>y ( ,/ate c\ld n c]tify t     
,,wipo is meet+ be/ practices = !       
protection ( :i/lebl[]s f retaliation 9 

accordance ) ! ,consolidat$             
,appropriations ,act ( #bjad 7,public   
,law #aac-gf74  #bjb4  ,def9itions  ,9  
?is title3 7#a7 ,acc\ntability          
,c]tification ,! t]m ,acc\ntability     
,c]tification means an annual1 writt5   
affirmation by ! head or au?oriz$       
designee ( a ,unit$ ,nations ,entity    
provid$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate t !      
,entity--  7,a7 provides ! public )     
full1 complete1 & unfett]$ access to all
 relevant docum5tation relat+ to        
op]ations & activities1 includ+ budget &
 procurem5t activities2  7,b7 implem5ts 
be/ practices = ! protection (          
:i/lebl[]s f retaliation1 includ+ be/   
practices =--  7i7 protection aga9/     
retaliation = int]nal & lawful public   
disclosures2  7ii7 legal burd5s ( pro(2 
7iii7 /atutes ( limitation = report+    
retaliation2  7iv7 access to indep5d5t  
adjudicative bodies1 includ+ ext]nal    
arbitration2 &  7v7 results t elim9ate !
 effects ( prov5 retaliation2  7,c7     
implem5ts & upholds policies & proc$ures

 to require ! fil+ ( individual annual  
f9ancial disclosure =ms by ea* ( its    
employees at ! ,p-#e level & above & to 
require t su* =ms be made available to !
 ,(fice ( ,int]nal ,ov]sight ,s]vices1  
to ,memb] ,/ates1 & to ! public2  7,d7  
has e/abli%$ an effective e?ics (fice2  
7,e7 has e/abli%$ a fully indep5d5t1    
autonom\s1 & effective int]nal ov]sight 
body2  7,f7 has adopt$ & implem5t$1 & is
 9 full compliance )1 ,int]national     
,public ,sector ,acc\nt+ ,/&>ds2  7,g7  
has e/abli%$ a cap on its adm9i/rative  
ov]head co/s2  7,h7 is n subject to     
sanctions by ! ,security ,c\ncil2 &     
7,i7 is n subject to sanctions by !     
,unit$ ,/ates4  7#b7 ,ov]sight          
,in=mation ,! t]m ,ov]sight ,in=mation  
includes--  7,a7 int]nally & ext]nally  
commission$ audits1 inve/igatory        
reports1 program reviews1 p]=mance      
reports1 & evaluations2  7,b7 f9ancial  
/atem5ts1 records1 & bill+ sy/ems2  7,c7
 program budgets & program budget       
implications1 includ+ revis$ e/imates & 

reports produc$ by or provid$ to !      
,secret>y ,g5]al & ! ,secret>y ,g5]al's 
ag5ts on budget relat$ matt]s2  7,d7    
op]ational plans1 budgets1 & budget>y   
analyses = peacekeep+ op]ations2  7,e7  
analyses & reports reg>d+ ! scale (     
assessm5ts2  7,f7 databases & o!r data  
sy/ems conta9+ f9ancial or programmatic 
in=mation2  7,g7 docum5ts or o!r records
 alleg+ or involv+ improp] use (        
res\rces1 misconduct1 mismanagem5t1 or  
o!r violations ( rules & regulations    
applicable to ! ,unit$ ,nations ,entity2
 &  7,h7 o!r docum5tation relevant to ! 
ov]sight "w ( ,congress ) respect to    
,unit$ ,/ates contributions to ! ,unit$ 
,nations sy/em4  7#c7  ,transp>5cy      
,c]tification  ,! t]m ,transp>5cy       
,c]tification means an annual1 writt5   
affirmation by ! head or au?oriz$       
designee ( a ,unit$ ,nations ,entity1   
provid$ to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate1 t !     
,entity w coop]ate ) ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate
 & ,congress1 includ+ by provid+ !      
,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate & ,congress ) full1   

complete1 & unfett]$ access to ,ov]sight
 ,in=mation z def9$ 9 ?is title4  #bjc4 
,ov]sight ( ,unit$ ,/ates contributions 
to ! ,unit$ ,nations ,sy/em  7a7        
,purpose  ,! purpose ( ?is section is to
 enhance ov]sight ( ,unit$ ,/ates       
contributions to ! ,unit$ ,nations      
,sy/em & ! use ( ^? contributions by    
,unit$ ,nations ,entities1 9 an ef=t to 
elim9ate & det] wa/e1 fraud1 & abuse 9 !
 use ( ^? contributions1 & !reby to     
contribute to ! developm5t ( great]     
transp>5cy1 acc\ntability1 & int]nal    
controls ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,nations      
,sy/em4  7b7  ,implem5tation  7#a7  ,9  
g5]al  ,! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate %all collect
 & ma9ta9 curr5t records reg>d+         
,transp>5cy ,c]tifications &            
,acc\ntability ,c]tifications by all    
,unit$ ,nations ,entities t receive     
,unit$ ,/ates contributions & submit t  
in=mation = inclusion 9 ! report requir$
 "u section #bjg4  7#b7  ,notification  
,! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate %all keep !        
appropriate congressional committees    

fully in=m$ ( h[ ,unit$ ,nations        
,entities are sp5d+ ,unit$ ,/ates       
contributions prior to ! ,presid5t's    
budget reque/1 & p]iodically ?r\gh\t !  
rema9d] ( ! ye> !reaft]4  7#c7          
,ref]rals  7,a7  ,9 g5]al  ,! ,secret>y 
( ,/ate %all promptly report to !       
,attorney ,g5]al & to ! appropriate     
congressional committees :5 ! ,secret>y 
( ,/ate has reasonable gr\nds to believe
 a ,f$]al crim9al law has be5 violat$ by
 a ,unit$ ,nations ,entity or "o ( its  
employees1 contractors1 or              
repres5tatives4  7,b7  ,notification  ,!
 ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all promptly report1
 :5 appropriate1 to ! appropriate       
congressional committees1 & to !        
,secret>y ,g5]al or to ! head ( !       
appropriate ,unit$ ,nations ,entity1    
cases 9 :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate         
reasonably believes t mismanagem5t1     
misfeasance1 or malfeasance is likely to
 h tak5 place )9 a ,unit$ ,nations      
,entity & discipl9>y proce$+s are likely
 ju/ifi$1 & %all keep ! appropriate     

congressional committees in=m$ ( any    
relevant actions und]tak5 by ! ,secret>y
 ,g5]al or relevant ,unit$ ,nations     
,entity4  7#d7  ,confirmation (         
transp>5cy by ,unit$ ,nations ,entities 
7,a7  ,prompt notice by ,dep>tm5t (     
,/ate  ,:5ev] in=mation or assi/ance    
reque/$ f a ,unit$ ,nations ,entity by !
 ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate pursuant to a        
,transp>5cy ,c]tification is1 9 ! op9ion
 ( ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 unreasonably    
refus$ or n provid$ 9 a timely mann]1 ! 
,secret>y ( ,/ate %all notify !         
appropriate congressional committees1 ! 
head ( t p>ticul> ,unit$ ,nations       
,entity1 & ! ,secret>y ,g5]al ( !       
circum/ances 9 writ+1 )\t delay4  7,b7  
,notice ( compliance  ,if & :5 !        
in=mation or assi/ance be+ s\ght by !   
,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate 9 connection ) a      
notification pursuant to subp>agraph    
7,a7 is provid$ to ! satisfaction ( !   
,secret>y ( ,/ate1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate  
%all s notify 9 writ+ to ! appropriate  
congressional committees & ! head ( t   

p>ticul> ,unit$ ,nations ,entity4  7,c7 
,noncompliance  ,if ! in=mation or      
assi/ance be+ s\ght by ! ,dep>tm5t (    
,/ate 9 connection ) a notification     
pursuant to subp>agraph 7,a7 is n       
provid$ )9 #ij days ( t notification1 !n
 ! ,unit$ ,nations ,entity t is !       
subject ( ! notification is deem$ to be 
noncompliant ) its ,transp>5cy          
,c]tification4  7,d7  ,re/oration (     
compliance  ,aft] ! situation has be5   
resolv$ to ! satisfaction ( ! ,secret>y 
( ,/ate1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all       
promptly provide prompt1 writt5         
notification ( t fact & ( ! re/oration (
 compliance1 along ) a description ( !  
basis = ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate's decision1 
to ! appropriate congressional          
committees1 ! head ( t ,unit$ ,nations  
,entity1 ! ,secret>y ,g5]al1 & any (fice
 or ag5cy ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t t has    
provid$ t ,unit$ ,nations ,entity ) any 
,unit$ ,/ates contribution dur+ ! prior 
#b ye>s4  7#e7  ,confirmation (         
acc\ntability by ,unit$ ,nations        

,entities  7,a7  ,prompt notice by      
,secret>y ( ,/ate  ,:5ev] a ,unit$      
,nations ,entity t has provid$ an       
,acc\ntability ,c]tification is1 9 !    
op9ion ( ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 n 9 full  
compliance ) any or all ( ! provisions (
 t c]tification1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate    
%all notify ! appropriate congressional 
committees1 ! head ( t p>ticul> ,unit$  
,nations ,entity1 & ! ,secret>y ,g5]al (
 ! circum/ances 9 writ+1 )\t delay4     
7,b7  ,notice ( compliance  ,if & :5 !  
,unit$ ,nations ,entity resumes full    
compliance ) its ,acc\ntability         
,c]tification foll[+ ! provision ( !    
notification pursuant to subp>agraph    
7,a71 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all s notify 
9 writ+ ! appropriate congressional     
committees & ! head ( t ,unit$ ,nations 
,entity4  7,c7  ,noncompliance  ,if !   
,unit$ ,nations ,entity nam$ 9 !        
notification 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 does n  
resume full compliance ) its            
,acc\ntability ,c]tification to !       
satisfaction ( ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate )9   

#ij days ( t notification1 !n ! ,unit$  
,nations ,entity t is ! subject ( !     
notification is deem$ to be noncompliant
 ) its ,acc\ntability ,c]tification1 & !
 ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all provide prompt1 
writt5 notification ( t fact to !       
appropriate congressional committees1 ! 
head ( t ,unit$ ,nations ,entity1 !     
,secret>y ,g5]al1 & any (fice or ag5cy (
 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t t has provid$ t     
,unit$ ,nations ,entity ) any ,unit$    
,/ates ,contribution dur+ ! prior #b    
ye>s4  7,d7  ,re/oration ( compliance   
,aft] ! situation has be5 resolv$ to !  
satisfaction ( ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 !   
,secret>y ( ,/ate %all promptly provide 
prompt1 writt5 notification ( t fact & (
 ! re/oration ( compliance1 along ) a   
description ( ! basis = ! ,secret>y (   
,/ate's decision1 to ! appropriate      
congressional committees1 ! head ( t    
,unit$ ,nations ,entity1 ! ,secret>y    
,g5]al1 & any (fice or ag5cy ( ! ,f$]al 
,gov]nm5t t has provid$ t ,unit$        
,nations ,entity ) any ,unit$ ,/ates    

contribution dur+ ! prior #b ye>s4  7#f7
  ,report+  7,a7  ,report+  ,9 ! report 
submitt$ by ! ,director ( ! ,(fice (    
,managem5t & ,budget to ,congress       
pursuant to section #bjg1 ! ,secret>y ( 
,/ate %all submit = inclusion a section 
t1 among o!r ?+s1 includes a li/ &      
detail$ description ( ! circum/ances    
surr\nd+ any notification ( compliance  
issu$ pursuant to p>agraph 7#d77;,c7 or 
7#e77;,c7 dur+ ! cov]$ timeframe1 & :e!r
 & :5 ! ,secret>y has rev]s$ su* f9d+ ( 
noncompliance4  7,b7  ,prohibit$        
disclosures  ,no?+ 9 ?is subsection %all
 be con/ru$ to au?orize ! public        
disclosure ( in=mation t is--  7i7      
specifically prohibit$ f disclosure by  
any o!r provision ( law2  7ii7          
specifically requir$ by ,executive ord] 
to be protect$ f disclosure 9 ! int]e/ (
 national def5se or national security or
 9 ! conduct ( =eign affairs2 or  7iii7 
a "p ( an ongo+ crim9al inve/igation4   
7,c7 ,privacy protections ,! ,secret>y (
 ,/ate %all exempt f public disclosure  

in=mation receiv$ f a ,unit$ ,nations   
,entity t ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate believes--
  7i7 con/itutes a trade secret or      
privileg$ & confid5tial p]sonal f9ancial
 in=mation2  7ii7 con/itutes confid5tial
 p]sonal m$ical in=mation2  7iii7       
accuses a p>ticul> p]son ( a crime2     
7iv7 w\ld1 if publicly disclos$1        
con/itute a cle>ly unw>rant$ invasion ( 
p]sonal privacy2 &  7v7 w\ld compromise 
an ongo+ law en=cem5t inve/igation or   
judicial trial 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  #bjd4
  ,transp>5cy = ,unit$ ,/ates           
,contributions  7a7  ,fund+ pr]equisites
  ,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( law1 no  
funds made available = use z a ,unit$   
,/ates ,contribution to any ,unit$      
,nations ,entity may be obligat$ or     
exp5d$ if--  7#a7 ! int5d$ ,unit$       
,nations ,entity recipi5t has n provid$ 
to ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate )9 ! prec$+ ye> a
 ,transp>5cy ,c]tification z def9$ 9    
section #bjb7a72  7#b7 ! int5d$ ,unit$  
,nations ,entity recipi5t is            
noncompliant ) its ,transp>5cy          

,c]tification z describ$ 9 section      
#bjc7;b77#d77;,c72  7#c7 ! int5d$ ,unit$
 ,nations ,entity recipi5t has n provid$
 to ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate )9 ! prec$+ ye> 
an ,acc\ntability ,c]tification z def9$ 
9 section #bjb7c72 or  7#d7 ! int5d$    
,unit$ ,nations ,entity is noncompliant 
) its ,acc\ntability ,c]tification z    
describ$ 9 section #bjc7;b77#e77;,c74   
7b7  ,treatm5t ( funds )held =          
noncompliance  ,at ! conclusion ( ea*   
fiscal ye>1 any funds t _h be5          
appropriat$ = use z a ,unit$ ,/ates     
,contribution to a ,unit$ ,nations      
,entity dur+ t fiscal ye>1 b c\ld n be  
obligat$ or exp5d$ because ( !          
re/rictions ( subsection 7a71 %all be   
return$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,treasury1 & 
are n subject to reprogramm+ = any o!r  
use4 ,any su* funds return$ to !        
,treasury %all n be consid]$ arre>s to  
be repaid to any ,unit$ ,nations        
,entity4  #bje4  ,integrity = ,unit$    
,/ates ,contributions  7a7  ,limitations
  7#a7 ,no funds made available = use "u

 ! head+ ,contributions to ,int]national
 ,organizations may be us$ = any purpose
 o!r ?an an assess$ ,unit$ ,/ates       
contribution to a ,unit$ ,nations       
,entity or o!r int]national             
organization4  7#b7 ,no funds made      
available = use "u ! head+ ,int]national
 ,organizations & ,programs may be us$ =
 any purpose o!r ?an a volunt>y ,unit$  
,/ates contribution to a ,unit$ ,nations
 ,entity or o!r int]national            
organization4  7#c7 ,no funds made      
available = use "u ! head+              
,contributions to ,int]national         
,peacekeep+ ,activities may be us$ = any
 purpose o!r ?an a ,unit$ ,/ates        
contribution to ,unit$ ,nations         
peacekeep+ activities1 to !             
,int]national ,crim9al ,tribunal = ! =m]
 ,yugoslavia1 or to ! ,int]national     
,crim9al ,tribunal = ,rw&a4  7b7        
,treatm5t ( funds )held = noncompliance 
,at ! conclusion ( ea* fiscal ye>1 any  
funds t _h be5 appropriat$ = use z a    
,unit$ ,/ates contribution to a ,unit$  

,nations ,entity dur+ t fiscal ye>1 b   
c\ld n be obligat$ or exp5d$ because ( !
 re/rictions ( subsection 7a71 %all be  
return$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,treasury1 & 
are n subject to reprogramm+ = any o!r  
use4 ,any su* funds return$ to !        
,treasury %all n be consid]$ arre>s to  
be repaid to any ,unit$ ,nations        
,entity4  #bjf4  ,refund ( monies ow$ by
 ! ,unit$ ,nations to ! ,unit$ ,/ates   
7a7  ,f9d+s  ,congress makes ! foll[+   
f9d+s3 7#a7 ,unit$ ,/ates taxpay] funds 
ov]paid to ,unit$ ,nations ,entities &  
payable back to ! ,unit$ ,/ates         
sometimes rema9 9 ! h&s ( ! ,unit$      
,nations because ! ,unit$ ,/ates has n  
reque/$ ! return ( ^? funds4  7#b7 ,su* 
funds h be5 paid into1 among o!r ,unit$ 
,nations ,entities1 ! ,unit$ ,nations   
,tax ,equalization ,fund 7,,tef71 :i* 0 
e/abli%$ "u ! provisions ( ,unit$       
,nations ,g5]al ,assembly ,resolution   
#igc 7#aiee71 & :i* is us$ to reimburse 
,unit$ ,nations /aff memb]s subject to  
,unit$ ,/ates income taxes = ! co/ ( ^? 

taxes4  7#c7 ,9 rec5t ye>s1 ! ,,tef has 
tak5 9 consid]ably m money ?an x has    
paid out1 ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates app>5tly    
ov]pay+ into ! ,,tef by #bd1cfc1jjj 9   
#bjad alone4  7#d7 ,accord+ to ! ,unit$ 
,nations ,f9ancial ,report & ,audit$    
,f9ancial ,/atem5ts releas$ on ,july    
#bc1 #bjae1 ,! cumulative surplus       
payable to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica at 
ye>-end 0 #bg1fjj1jjj4  7#e7 ,t balance 
0 all[$ to accrue not)/&+ ,unit$        
,nations ,f9ancial ,regulation #d4ab1   
:i* /ates t any su* surpluses %all be   
cr$it$ aga9/ ! assess$ contributions due
 f t ,memb] ,/ate ! foll[+ ye>44  7#f7  
,all[+ ! ,unit$ ,nations to regul>ly    
ov]*>ge ! ,unit$ ,/ates & to reta9 ^?   
ov]paym5ts1 or to sp5d !m on :olly      
unrelat$ activities1 is a diss]vice to  
,am]ican taxpay]s & a subv]sion ( !     
,congressional budget process4  7b7     
,/atem5t ( policy  ,x is ! policy ( !   
,unit$ ,/ates-- 7#a7 to annually in/ruct
 ! ,unit$ ,nations to return to ! ,unit$
 ,/ates any surplus assess$             

contributions or o!r ov]paym5ts by !    
,unit$ ,/ates to any ,unit$ ,nations    
,entity2 &  7#b7 to use ! voice & vote (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to press ! ,unit$      
,nations to re=m its ,,tef assessm5t    
proc$ures to r$uce ! repeat$            
discrepancies betwe5 ,,tef income &     
exp5ditures4  7c7  ,c]tification &      
)hold+  ,= ea* & e fiscal ye> subsequ5t 
to ! effective date ( ?is ,act1 until ! 
,secret>y ( ,/ate submits to !          
appropriate congressional committees a  
c]tification t ! ,unit$ ,nations has    
return$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates any surplus  
assess$ contributions or o!r ov]paym5ts 
by ! ,unit$ ,/ates to any ,unit$        
,nations ,entity1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate   
%all )hold f ! regul> budget ( ! ,unit$ 
,nations an am\nt equal to ! am\nt ( !  
funds t ! ,unit$ ,nations has yet to    
return to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  #bjg4       
,annual reports on ,unit$ ,/ates        
,contributions to ! ,unit$ ,nations  7a7
  ,annual report  ,n lat] ?an #ij days  
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act &   

annually !reaft]1 ! ,director ( ! ,(fice
 ( ,managem5t & ,budget %all submit to  
,congress a report li/+ all assess$ &   
volunt>y contributions ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,gov]nm5t = ! prec$+ fiscal ye> to !   
,unit$ ,nations & ,unit$ ,nations       
affiliat$ ag5cies & relat$ bodies4  7b7 
,cont5ts  ,ea* report requir$ "u        
subsection 7a7 %all set =?1 = ! fiscal  
ye> cov]$ by su* report1 ! foll[+3  7#a7
 ,! total am\nt ( all assess$ & volunt>y
 contributions ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates        
,gov]nm5t to ! ,unit$ ,nations & ,unit$ 
,nations affiliat$ ag5cies & relat$     
bodies4  7#b7 ,! approximate p]c5tage ( 
,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t contributions to
 ea* ,unit$ ,nations affiliat$ ag5cy or 
body 9 su* fiscal ye> :5 comp>$ ) all   
contributions to su* ag5cy or body f any
 s\rce 9 su* fiscal ye>4  7#c7 ,= ea*   
su* contribution-- 7,a7 ! am\nt ( su*   
contribution2  7,b7 a description ( su* 
contribution 7includ+ :e!r assess$ or   
volunt>y72  7,c7 ! dep>tm5t or ag5cy ( !
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t responsible =  

su* contribution2  7,d7 ! purpose ( su* 
contribution2 &  7,e7 ! ,unit$ ,nations 
or ,unit$ ,nations affiliat$ ag5cy or   
relat$ body receiv+ su* contribution4   
7c7  ,scope ( initial report  ,! fir/   
report requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all   
include ! in=mation requir$ "u ?is      
section = ! previ\s ?ree fiscal ye>s4   
7d7  ,public availability ( in=mation   
,n lat] ?an #ad days aft] submitt+ a    
report requir$ "u subsection 7a71 !     
,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,managem5t &     
,budget %all po/ a public v]sion ( !    
report on a text-bas$1 se>*able1 &      
publicly available ,int]net ,web site4  
#bjh4  ,report on ,unit$ ,nations       
procurem5t practices  7a7  ,9 g5]al  ,n 
lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( !      
enactm5t ( ?is ,act & annually !reaft]1 
! ,secret>y %all submit to ! appropriate
 congressional committees a report on   
,unit$ ,nations procurem5t re=m4  7b7   
,cont5ts  ,! reports requir$ "u         
subsection 7a7 %all describe-- 7#a7     
progress t[>d ! goal ( donor c\ntries   

e/abli%+ a ?re%old numb] = procurem5t   
purposes1 ( :i* #ej p]c5t ( ! procurem5t
 = donor programs ov] #a1jjj1jjj1jjj    
%all utilize donor v5dors2  7#b7 ! /atus
 ( ! am\nt & p]c5tage ( procurem5t at ! 
,unit$ ,nations ?r\gh ,unit$ ,/ates     
v5dors2 &  7#c7 ! /atus ( exam9ations & 
inve/igations if companies on ! ,exclud$
 ,p>ties ,li/ ,sy/em are receiv+        
contracts ?r\gh ! ,unit$ ,nations1 & !  
values ( su* contracts4  ,,iii  ,,unit$ 
,,/ates ,,policy ,,at ,,! ,,unit$       
,,nations  #cja4  ,annual publication   
,! ,presid5t %all direct ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,p]man5t ,repres5tative to ! ,unit$    
,nations to use ! voice1 vote1 &        
influ5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ! ,unit$  
,nations to ensure ! ,unit$ ,nations    
publi%es annually1 includ+ on a publicly
 se>*able ,int]net ,web site1 a li/ (   
all ,unit$ ,nations subsidi>y bodies &  
_! functions1 budgets1 /aff1 &          
contributions1 bo? volunt>y & assess$1  
sort$ by donor4  #cjb4  ,annual f9ancial
 disclosure  ,! ,presid5t %all direct ! 

,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t ,repres5tative to
 ! ,unit$ ,nations to use ! voice1 vote1
 & influ5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at !      
,unit$ ,nations to implem5t a sy/em = ! 
requir$ fil+ ( individual annual        
f9ancial disclosure =ms by ea* employee 
( ! ,unit$ ,nations & its specializ$    
ag5cies1 programs1 & funds at ! ,p-#e   
level & above1 :i* %all be made         
available to ! ,(fice ( ,int]nal        
,ov]sight ,s]vices1 to ,memb] ,/ates1 & 
to ! public4  #cjc4  ,policy ) respect  
to expansion ( ! ,security ,c\ncil  ,x  
is ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to use !  
voice1 vote1 & influ5ce ( ! ,unit$      
,/ates at ! ,unit$ ,nations to oppose   
any proposals on expansion ( ! ,security
 ,c\ncil if su* expansion w\ld--  7#a7  
dim9i% ! influ5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates on !
 ,security ,c\ncil2 or  7#b7 include    
veto rights = any new memb]s ( !        
,security ,c\ncil4  #cjd4 ,access to    
reports & audits ,! ,presid5t %all      
direct ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t         
,repres5tative to ! ,unit$ ,nations to  

use ! voice1 vote1 & influ5ce ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates at ! ,unit$ ,nations to ensure t
 ,memb] ,/ates may1 ^u reque/1 h access 
to all reports & audits complet$ by !   
,bo>d ( ,ext]nal ,auditors4  #cje4      
,waiv] ( immunity  ,! ,presid5t %all    
direct ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t         
,repres5tative to ! ,unit$ ,nations to  
use ! voice1 vote1 & influ5ce ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates at ! ,unit$ ,nations to ensure t
 ! ,secret>y ,g5]al ex]cises ! "r & duty
 ( ! ,secret>y ,g5]al "u section #bj ( !
 ,conv5tion on ! ,privileges &          
,immunities ( ! ,unit$ ,nations to waive
 ! immunity ( any ,unit$ ,nations       
(ficial 9 any case 9 :i* su* immunity   
w\ld imp$e ! c\rse ( ju/ice4 ,9 ex]cis+ 
su* waiv]1 ! ,secret>y ,g5]al is urg$ to
 int]pret ! int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,nations 
z favor+ ! inve/igation or prosecution (
 a ,unit$ ,nations (ficial :o is cr$ibly
 "u inve/igation = hav+ committ$ a s]i\s
 crim9al (f5se or :o is cr$ibly *>g$ ) a
 s]i\s crim9al (f5se4  #cjf4  ,review ( 
,unit$ ,nations ,conv5tions on ,t]rorism

  7a7  ,9 g5]al  ,! ,presid5t %all      
direct ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t         
,repres5tative to ! ,unit$ ,nations to  
use ! voice1 vote1 & influ5ce ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates at ! ,unit$ ,nations to initiate
 a compreh5sive review ( ,unit$ ,nations
 ,conv5tions on ,t]rorism t builds ^u ! 
recomm5dations ( ! ,decemb] #bjjd report
 ( ! ,high-,level ,panel on ,?reats1    
,*all5ges1 & ,*ange ) ! goal ( provid+  
recomm5dations to ! ,security ,c\ncil4  
7b7  ,report  ,a ye> f ! date (         
enactm5t1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 9        
coord9ation ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t  
,repres5tative to ! ,unit$ ,nations1    
%all report to ! appropriate            
congressional committees on ! /atus ( ! 
review "u subsection 7a74  #cjg4        
,report on ,unit$ ,nations p]sonnel  7a7
  ,9 g5]al  ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] !   
date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 !         
,secret>y ( ,/ate %all submit to !      
appropriate congressional committees a  
report--  7#a7 conc]n+ ! progress ( !   
,g5]al ,assembly to mod]nize human      

res\rce practices1 consi/5t ) ! ,m>*    
#bjje report ( ! ,secret>y ,g5]al       
entitl$ ,9 l>g] fre$om3 t[>ds           
developm5t1 security & human rights =   
all2 &  7#b7 conta9+ ! in=mation        
describ$ 9 subsection 7b74  7b7 ,cont5ts
 ,! report %all include--  7#a7 a       
compreh5sive evaluation ( human res\rces
 re=ms at ! ,unit$ ,nations1 includ+ an 
evaluation (--  7,a7 t5ure2  7,b7       
p]=mance reviews2  7,c7 ! promotion     
sy/em2  7,d7 a m]it-bas$ hir+ sy/em &   
enhanc$ regulations conc]n+ t]m9ation ( 
employm5t ( employees2 &  7,e7 !        
implem5tation ( a code ( conduct & e?ics
 tra9+2  7#b7 ! implem5tation ( a sy/em 
( proc$ures = fil+ compla9ts &          
protective measures = "w-place h>assm5t1
 includ+ sexual h>assm5t2  7#c7 policy  
recomm5dations relat+ to ! e/abli%m5t ( 
a rotation requirem5t = nonadm9i/rative 
positions2  7#d7 policy recomm5dations  
relat+ to ! e/abli%m5t ( a prohibition  
prev5t+ p]sonnel & (ficials assign$ to !
 mission ( a memb] /ate to ! ,unit$     

,nations f transf]r+ to a position )9 ! 
,unit$ ,nations ,secret>iat t is        
comp5sat$ at ! ,p-#e level & above2     
7#e7 policy recomm5dations relat+ to a  
r$uction 9 travel all[ances & att5dant  
ov]sight ) respect to accommodations &  
airl9e flights2 &  7#f7 an evaluation ( 
! recomm5dations ( ! ,secret>y ,g5]al   
relat+ to great] flexibility = !        
,secret>y ,g5]al 9 /aff+ decisions to   
accommodate *ang+ priorities4  #cjh4    
,unit$ ,nations treaty bodies  ,! ,unit$
 ,/ates %all )hold f ,unit$ ,/ates      
contributions to ! regul> assess$ budget
 ( ! ,unit$ ,nations = a bi5nial p]iod  
am\nts t are proportional to ! p]c5tage 
( su* budget t are exp5d$ ) respect to a
 ,unit$ ,nations human rights treaty    
monitor+ body or committee t 0 e/abli%$ 
by--  7#a7 a conv5tion 7)\t any         
protocols7 or an int]national cov5ant   
7)\t any protocols7 to :i* ! ,unit$     
,/ates is n p>ty2 or  7#b7 a conv5tion1 
) a subsequ5t protocol1 if ! ,unit$     
,/ates is a p>ty to nei!r4  #cji4       

,equality at ! ,unit$ ,nations  7a7     
,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate review & report  7#a7 
,9 g5]al  ,to avoid duplicative ef=ts & 
fund+ ) respect to ,pale/9ian int]e/s & 
to ensure balance 9 ! approa* to        
,israeli-,pale/9ian issues1 ! ,secret>y 
%all1 n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date (
 ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act--  7,a7 complete 
an audit ( ! functions ( ! entities li/$
 9 p>agraph 7#b72 &  7,b7 submit to !   
appropriate congressional committees a  
report conta9+ audit f9d+s &            
conclusions1 & recomm5dations = !       
elim9ation ( su* duplicative entities & 
ef=ts4  7#b7  ,entities  ,! entities    
ref]r$ to 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 are !    
foll[+3 7,a7 ,! ,unit$ ,nations         
,division = ,pale/9ian ,rights4  7,b7 ,!
 ,committee on ! ,ex]cise ( !           
,inali5able ,rights ( ! ,pale/9ian ,p4  
7,c7 ,! ,unit$ ,nations ,special        
,coord9ator = ! ,middle ,ea/ ,peace     
,process & ,p]sonal ,repres5tative to ! 
,pale/9e ,lib]ation ,organization & !   
,pale/9ian ,au?ority4  7,d7 ,! ,,ngo    

,network on ! ,"q ( ,pale/9e4  7,e7 ,!  
,special ,committee to ,inve/igate      
,israeli ,practices ,affect+ ! ,human   
,rights ( ! ,pale/9ian ,p & ,o!r ,arabs 
( ! ,occupi$ ,t]ritories4  7,f7 ,any o!r
 entity ! ,secret>y det]m9es results 9  
duplicative ef=ts or fund+ or fails to  
ensure balance 9 ! approa* to           
,israeli-,pale/9ian issues4  7b7        
,implem5tation by ,p]man5t              
,repres5tative  7#a7  ,9 g5]al  ,!      
,presid5t %all direct ! ,unit$ ,/ates   
,p]man5t ,repres5tative to ! ,unit$     
,nations to use ! voice1 vote1 &        
influ5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ! ,unit$  
,nations to seek ! implem5tation ( !    
recomm5dations conta9$ 9 ! report       
requir$ "u subsection 7a77#a77;,b74     
7#b7  ,)hold+ ( funds  ,until su*       
recomm5dations h be5 implem5t$1 ! ,unit$
 ,/ates %all )hold f ,unit$ ,/ates      
contributions to ! regul> assess$ budget
 ( ! ,unit$ ,nations = a bi5nial p]iod  
am\nts t are proportional to ! p]c5tage 
( su* budget t are exp5d$ = su*         

entities4  #caj4  ,anti-,semitism & !   
,unit$ ,nations  ,! ,presid5t %all      
direct ! ,unit$ ,/ates p]man5t          
repres5tative to ! ,unit$ ,nations to   
use ! voice1 vote1 & influ5ce ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates at ! ,unit$ ,nations to make e  
ef=t to--  7#a7 ensure ! issuance &     
implem5tation ( a directive by !        
,secret>y ,g5]al or ! ,secret>iat1 z    
appropriate1 t--  7,a7 requires ! ,unit$
 ,nations & its specializ$ ag5cies to   
(ficially & publicly condemn            
anti-,semitic /atem5ts made at any      
session ( ! ,unit$ ,nations or its      
specializ$ ag5cies1 or at any o!r       
session sponsor$ by ! ,unit$ ,nations2  
7,b7 requires employees ( ! ,unit$      
,nations & its specializ$ ag5cies1      
programs1 & funds to be subject to      
punitive action1 includ+ imm$iate       
dismissal1 = mak+ anti-,semitic /atem5ts
 or ref]5ces2  7,c7 proposes specific   
recomm5dations to ! ,g5]al ,assembly = !
 e/abli%m5t ( me*anisms to hold         
acc\ntable employees & (ficials ( !     

,unit$ ,nations & its specializ$        
ag5cies1 programs1 & funds1 or ,memb]   
,/ates1 t make su* anti-,semitic        
/atem5ts or ref]5ces 9 any =um ( !      
,unit$ ,nations or ( its specializ$     
ag5cies2  7,d7 cont9ues to develop &    
implem5ts education aw>5ess programs    
ab\t ! ,holocau/ & anti-,semitism       
?r\gh\t ! _w1 z "p ( an ef=t to combat  
intol]ance & hatr$2 &  7,e7 requires !  
,(fice ( ! ,unit$ ,nations ,high        
,commission] = ,human ,rights 7,,oh*r7  
to develop programm+ & o!r measures t   
address anti-,semitism2  7#b7 secure !  
adoption ( a resolution by ! ,g5]al     
,assembly t e/abli%es ! me*anisms       
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a77;,c72 &  7#c7  
cont9ue work+ t[>d fur!r r$uction (     
anti-,semitic language & anti-,israel   
resolutions 9 ! ,unit$ ,nations & its   
specializ$ ag5cies1 programs1 & funds4  
#caa4  ,unit$ ,/ates policy on ,taiwan's
 p>ticipation 9 ,unit$ ,nations         
,entities  ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all    
direct ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t         

,repres5tative to ! ,unit$ ,nations to  
use ! voice1 vote1 & influ5ce ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates at ! ,unit$ ,nations to ensure  
mean+ful p>ticipation = ,taiwan 9       
relevant ,unit$ ,nations ,entities 9 :i*
 ,taiwan has express$ an int]e/ 9       
p>ticipat+4  #cab4  ,unit$ ,/ates policy
 on ,ti] #c human rights violators  ,!  
,secret>y ( ,/ate %all direct ! ,unit$  
,/ates ,p]man5t ,repres5tative to !     
,unit$ ,nations to use ! voice1 vote1 & 
influ5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ! ,unit$  
,nations to ensure t no repres5tative ( 
a c\ntry designat$ pursuant to section  
#aaj ( ! ,traffick+ ,victims ,protection
 ,act ( #bjjj 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #gajg7 by !
 ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate z a ,ti] #c c\ntry   
%all preside z ,*air or ,presid5t ( any 
,unit$ ,nations ,entity4  ,,iv  ,,/atus 
,,( ,,pale/9ian ,,entities ,,at ,,!     
,,unit$ ,,nations  #dja4  ,f9d+s        
,congress makes ! foll[+ f9d+s3  7#a7 ,9
 #aihi1 ! ,pale/9e ,lib]ation           
,organization 7,,plo7 laun*$ an ef=t to 
evade direct negotiations = peace ) !   

,/ate ( ,israel by in/ead pursu+        
,pale/9ian memb]%ip 9 int]national      
organizations1 :i* c\ld imply de facto  
recognition ( a ,pale/9ian /ate by !    
,unit$ ,nations4  7#b7 ,! executive     
bran*1 ) significant support f ,memb]s (
 ,congress1 successfully /opp$ ! ,,plo's
 ef=t by cr$ibly ?reat5+1 z not$ 9 a    
,may #a1 #aihi1 /atem5t by !n-,secret>y 
( ,/ate ,james ,a4 ,bak]1 t ! ,unit$    
,/ates w\ld make no fur!r contributions1
 volunt>y or assess$1 to any            
int]national organization :i* makes any 
*ange 9 ! ,p4,l4,o4's pres5t /atus z an 
obs]v] organization44  7#c7 ,! ,unit$   
,/ates success 9 ?is case demon/rates t 
)hold+ contributions & plac+ conditions 
on _! paym5t c result 9 real re=ms1 /op 
c\nt]productive developm5ts1 & advance  
,unit$ ,/ates int]e/s at ! ,unit$       
,nations4  7#d7 ,! ,pale/9ian lead]%ip  
has cont9u$ its ef=t to evade direct    
negotiations = peace ) ! ,/ate ( ,israel
 by seek+ recognition ( a ,pale/9ian    
/ate f =eign gov]nm5ts & 9 int]national 

=ums4  7#e7 ,on ,septemb] #cj1 #bjae1   
,abu ,maz5 decl>$ t ,pale/9ian lead]%ip 
w\ld no long] be b\nd by its sign$      
agreem5ts ) ,israel4  7#f7 ,fur!r ef=ts 
to bypass negotiations & to unilat]ally 
decl>e a ,pale/9ian /ate1 or to appeal  
to ! ,unit$ ,nations or o!r int]national
 =ums or to =eign gov]nm5ts =           
recognition ( a ,pale/9ian /ate or      
memb]%ip or o!r upgrad$ /atus = !       
,pale/9ian obs]v] mission at ^? =ums1   
w\ld violate ! und]ly+ pr9ciples ( !    
,oslo ,accords1 ! ,road ,map1 & o!r     
relevant ,middle ,ea/ peace process     
ef=ts4  7#g7 ,9 #bjaa1 ! ,unit$ ,nations
 ,educational1 ,sci5tific1 & ,cultural  
,organization 7,,unesco7 grant$ full    
memb]%ip to ! ,pale/9ians1 trigg]+      
,unit$ ,/ates law t prohibits ,unit$    
,/ates fund+ = any ,unit$ ,nations      
organization t grants memb]%ip to !     
,,plo4  7#h7 ,on ,decemb] #ae1 #bjaj1 ! 
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives pass$ ,h\se     
,resolution #agfe1 9 :i*1 int] alia1 !  
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives3  7,a7 reaffirms

 its /rong opposition to any attempt to 
e/abli% or seek recognition ( a         
,pale/9ian /ate outside ( an agreem5t   
negotiat$ betwe5 ,israel & !            
,pale/9ians2  7,b7 supports !           
,adm9i/ration's opposition to a         
unilat]al decl>ation ( a ,pale/9ian     
/ate2 &  7,c7 calls ^u ! ,adm9i/ration  
to ''' lead a diplomatic ef=t to p]suade
 o!r nations to oppose a unilat]al      
decl>ation ( a ,pale/9ian /ate & to     
oppose recognition ( a ,pale/9ian /ate  
by o!r nations1 )9 ! ,unit$ ,nations1 & 
9 o!r int]national =ums prior to        
a*ievem5t ( a f9al agreem5t betwe5      
,israel & ! ,pale/9ians44  7#i7         
,ambassador ,rosem>y ,di,carlo1 =m]     
,unit$ ,/ates ,deputy ,p]man5t          
,repres5tative to ! ,unit$ ,nations1    
/at$ on ,july #bf1 #bjaa1 ,let !re be no
 d\bt3 symbolic actions to isolate      
,israel at ! ,unit$ ,nations 9 ,septemb]
 w n create an indep5d5t ,pale/9ian /ate
 ''' ,! ,unit$ ,/ates w n support       
unilat]al campaigns at ! ,unit$ ,nations

 9 ,septemb] or any o!r "t44  7#aj7 ,on 
,septemb] #af1 #bjaa1 ! ,deputy         
,national ,security ,advisor = ,/rategic
 ,communications /at$ t ,we w\ld veto   
actions ?r\gh ! ,security ,c\ncil &     
oppose action ?r\gh ! ,security ,c\ncil 
associat$ ) a unilat]al decl>ation (    
,pale/9ian /atehood44  #djb4  ,/atem5t (
 policy  ,x is ! policy ( ! ,unit$      
,/ates to oppose ! recognition ( a      
,pale/9ian /ate by any ,unit$ ,nations  
,entity1 or any upgrade1 includ+ full   
memb]%ip1 9 ! /atus ( ! ,pale/9ian      
obs]v] mission at ! ,unit$ ,nations1 !  
,pale/9e ,lib]ation ,organization1 !    
,pale/9ian ,au?ority1 or any o!r        
,pale/9ian adm9i/rative organization or 
gov]n+ entity1 at any ,unit$ ,nations   
,entity1 prior to ! a*ievem5t ( a f9al  
peace agreem5t negotiat$ betwe5 & agre$ 
to by ,israel & ! ,pale/9ians4  #djc4   
,implem5tation  7a7  ,9 g5]al  ,!       
,presid5t %all direct ! ,unit$ ,/ates   
,p]man5t ,repres5tative to ! ,unit$     
,nations to use ! voice1 vote1 &        

influ5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ! ,unit$  
,nations to advance ! policy /at$ 9     
section #djb4  7b7  ,)hold+ ( funds  ,! 
,secret>y ( ,/ate %all )hold ,unit$     
,/ates contributions f any ,unit$       
,nations ,entity t recognizes a         
,pale/9ian /ate or upgrades 9 any way1  
includ+ grant+ full memb]%ip1 ! /atus ( 
! ,pale/9ian obs]v] mission at ! ,unit$ 
,nations1 ! ,pale/9e ,lib]ation         
,organization1 ! ,pale/9ian ,au?ority1  
or any o!r ,pale/9ian adm9i/rative      
organization or gov]n+ entity1 at t     
,unit$ ,nations ,entity1 prior to !     
a*ievem5t ( complete & f9al peace       
agreem5t negotiat$ betwe5 & agre$ to by 
,israel & ! ,pale/9ians4 ,funds         
appropriat$ = use z a ,unit$ ,/ates     
contribution to ! ,unit$ ,nations b     
)held f obligation & exp5diture pursuant
 to ?is section %all imm$iately rev]t to
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,treasury & %all n be  
consid]$ arre>s to be repaid to any     
,unit$ ,nations ,entity4  ,v  ,,unit$   
,,nations ,,human ,,rights ,,c\ncil     

#eja4  ,f9d+s  ,congress makes ! foll[+ 
f9d+s3  7#a7 ,s9ce its e/abli%m5t 9     
#bjjf1 ! ,unit$ ,nations ,human ,rights 
,c\ncil has fail$ to mean+fully promote 
! protection ( int]nationally recogniz$ 
human rights1 & has prov5 to be ev5 m   
problematic ?an ! ,unit$ ,nations ,human
 ,rights ,commission t x 0 creat$ to    
replace4  7#b7 ,! ,unit$ ,nations ,human
 ,rights ,c\ncil suff]s f fundam5tal &  
sev]e /ructural flaws pres5t s9ce its   
e/abli%m5t by ! ,unit$ ,nations ,g5]al  
,assembly1 su* z ! fact t x draws its   
memb]s f ! ,g5]al ,assembly )\t any     
sub/antive memb]%ip crit]ia1 ) ! p]v]se 
result t a numb] ( ! _w's wor/ human    
rights abus]s are memb]s ( ! c\ncil4    
7#c7 ,= example1 _m memb]s ( ! ,unit$   
,nations ,human ,rights ,c\ncil are rat$
 ,n ,free or only ,p>tly ,free by       
,fre$om ,h\se4 ,only a m9ority ( memb]s 
7 rat$ ,free4  7#d7 ,! /ructure &       
composition ( ! ,unit$ ,nations ,human  
,rights ,c\ncil h made x subject to     
gross political manipulation1 ) ! result

 t1 dur+ its almo/ sev5 ye>s ( op]ation1
 ! ,c\ncil has pass$ ov] #fa resolutions
 c5sur+ ! democratic1 ,jewi% ,/ate (    
,israel1 z comp>$ to relatively few or  
no resolutions c5sur+ dictator%ips or   
address+ sev]e1 ongo+ human rights      
abuses ar\nd ! _w4  7#e7 ,! ,unit$      
,nations ,human ,rights ,c\ncil's ag5da 
conta9s a p]man5t item = criticism ( !  
democratic1 ,jewi% ,/ate ( ,israel1 b no
 p]man5t items criticiz+ any o!r /ate4  
7#f7 ,! ,unit$ ,nations ,human ,rights  
,c\ncil has e/abli%$1 or pres]v$ !      
exi/5ce (1 a numb] ( ,special ,proc$ures
 me*anisms to address c\ntry-specific   
situations or !matic issues4 ,^!        
me*anisms include a numb] ( special     
rapporteurs ^: exp5ses & /aff support   
are paid = by contributions to ! ,unit$ 
,nations4  7#g7 ,! ,unit$ ,nations      
,human ,rights ,c\ncil has also e/abli%$
 an ,advisory ,committee ^: exp5ses &   
/aff support are paid = by contributions
 to ! ,unit$ ,nations4  7#h7 ,"s ( ^!   
special rapporteurs & memb]s ( !        

,advisory ,committee h display$ consi/5t
 bias aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,israel1 & 
! ,jewi% p1 :ile provid+ support to     
human rights abus]s4  7#i7 ,miguel      
,d',escoto ,brockmann1 a memb] ( !      
,unit$ ,nations ,human ,rights ,c\ncil  
,advisory ,committee :o has previ\sly   
s]v$ z ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,nations    
,g5]al ,assembly & z =eign m9i/] = !    
,s&9i/a regime 9 ,nic>agua1 has         
implicitly accus$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates (     
t]rorism1 has call$ =m] ,presid5t       
,ronald ,reagan a but*]1 has call$ = an 
int]national boycott ( ,israel1 has /at$
 t ! ,pale/9ians 7 be+ crucifi$ by      
,israel1 has call$ ,israel's def5sive   
,op]ation ,ca/ ,lead 9 ! ,gaza ,/rip a  
mon/rosity & g5ocide1 has urg$ ! ,unit$ 
,nations to use ! t]m ap>!id 9 discuss+ 
,israeli treatm5t ( ,pale/9ians1 has    
embrac$ ,iranian lead] ,mahm\d          
,ahmad9ejad aft] ,ahmad9ejad deliv]$ an 
anti-,am]ican1 anti-,israel address to !
 ,unit$ ,nations ,g5]al ,assembly1 has  
/at$ t *>ges ( g5ocide aga9/ ,sudanese  

dictator ,om> ,hassan al ,ba%ir are     
raci/1 & has decl>$ ,fidel ,ca/ro ,_w   
,h]o ( ,solid>ity1 /at+ t ,ca/ro embodi$
 virtues & values wor? emulation by all 
( u4  7#aj7 ,! five-ye> review ( !      
,unit$ ,nations ,human ,rights ,c\ncil  
conclud$ on ,june #ag1 #bjaa1 & fail$ to
 make any significant re=ms to its      
fundam5tal & sev]e /ructural flaws1     
includ+ its abs5ce ( sub/antive memb]%ip
 crit]ia1 or to remove ! p]man5t ag5da  
item on ,israel4  7#aa7 ,on ,june #ag1  
#bjaa1 =m] ,john ,f4 ,sammis1 ,unit$    
,/ates ,deputy ,repres5tative to !      
,economic & ,social ,c\ncil1 /at$ t ,!  
,g5eva process ( ! five-ye> review fail$
 to yield ev5 m9imally positive results1
 =c+ u to dissociate f ! outcome ''' !  
f9al resolution = ! five-ye> review also
 fails to address ! core problems t /ill
 plague ! ,human ,rights ,c\ncil ''' ,! 
,unit$ ,/ates has !re=e vot$ no on !    
resolution ''' ! ,c\ncil's effectiv5ess 
& legitimacy w always be compromis$ s   
long z "o c\ntry 9 all ! _w is unfairly 

& uniquely s+l$ out :ile o!rs1 includ+  
*ronic human rights abus]s1 escape      
scrut9y ''' ,! resolution be=e u today  
does no?+ to address ! ,c\ncil's        
failures nor move x any clos] to ! f\nd+
 values ( ! ,,un ,*>t] & ! ,univ]sal    
,decl>ation ( ,human ,rights44  7#ab7   
,unit$ ,/ates memb]%ip 9 ! ,human       
,rights ,c\ncil has n l$ to re=m ( its  
fundam5tal flaws dim9i%$ ! ,c\ncil's    
virul5tly anti-,israel behavior4 ,!     
,c\ncil has pass$ #ce resolutions       
criticiz+ ,israel s9ce ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
jo9$ 9 #bjji4  #ejb4  ,human ,rights    
,c\ncil memb]%ip & fund+  7a7  ,9 g5]al 
,= ea* & e fiscal ye> subsequ5t to !    
effective date ( ?is ,act1 until !      
,secret>y ( ,/ate submits to ,congress a
 c]tification t ! requirem5ts describ$ 9
 subsection 7b7 h be5 satisfi$--  7#a7 !
 ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all )hold f a ,unit$
 ,/ates contribution ea* fiscal ye> to a
 regul> budget ( ! ,unit$ ,nations an   
am\nt t is equal to ! p]c5tage ( su*    
contribution t ! ,secret>y det]m9es w\ld

 be allocat$ by ! ,unit$ ,nations to    
support ! ,unit$ ,nations ,human ,rights
 ,c\ncil2  7#b7 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all
 n make a volunt>y contribution to !    
,unit$ ,nations ,human ,rights ,c\ncil2 
&  7#c7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all n run = a  
seat on ! ,unit$ ,nations ,human ,rights
 ,c\ncil4  7b7  ,c]tification  ,! annual
 c]tification ref]r$ to 9 subsection 7a7
 is a c]tification made by ! ,secret>y  
to ,congress t--  7#a7 ! ,unit$ ,nations
 ,human ,rights ,c\ncil's m&ate f !     
,unit$ ,nations ,g5]al ,assembly        
explicitly & effectively prohibits      
c&idacy = ,human ,rights ,c\ncil        
memb]%ip ( a ,unit$ ,nations ,memb]     
,/ate--  7,a7 subject to sanctions by ! 
,security ,c\ncil2 &  7,b7 "u a         
,security ,c\ncil-m&at$ inve/igation =  
human rights abuses2  7#b7 ! ,unit$     
,nations ,human ,rights ,c\ncil does n  
include a ,unit$ ,nations ,memb] ,/ate--
  7,a7 subject to sanctions by !        
,security ,c\ncil2  7,b7 "u a ,security 
,c\ncil-m&at$ inve/igation = human      

rights abuses2  7,c7 :i* ! ,secret>y (  
,/ate has det]m9$1 = purposes ( section 
#f7;j7 ( ! ,export ,adm9i/ration ,act ( 
#aigi 7z cont9u$ 9 effect pursuant to ! 
,int]national ,em]g5cy ,economic ,p[]s  
,act71 section #dj ( ! ,arms ,export    
,control ,act1 section #fbj;,a ( !      
,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa1 or o!r  
provision ( law1 is a gov]nm5t t has    
repeat$ly provid$ support = acts (      
int]national t]rorism2  7,d7 :i* !      
,presid5t has designat$ z a c\ntry (    
p>ticul> conc]n = religi\s fre$om "u    
section #djb7;b7 ( ! ,int]national      
,religi\s ,fre$om ,act ( #aiih2  7,e7   
designat$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate        
pursuant to section #aaj ( ! ,traffick+ 
,victims ,protection ,act ( #bjjj 7#bb  
,u4,s4,c4 #gajg7 z a ,ti] #c c\ntry2 or 
7,f7 subject to sanctions by ! ,unit$   
,/ates2 &  7#c7 ! ,unit$ ,nations ,human
 ,rights ,c\ncil's ag5da or programme ( 
"w does n include a p]man5t item ) reg>d
 to ! ,/ate ( ,israel4  7c7  ,special   
proc$ures  ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all    

)hold f a ,unit$ ,/ates contribution ea*
 ye> to a regul> budget ( ! ,unit$      
,nations an am\nt t is equal to !       
p]c5tage ( su* contribution t !         
,secret>y det]m9es w\ld be allocat$ by !
 ,unit$ ,nations to support ! ,unit$    
,nations ,special ,rapporteur on !      
situation ( human rights 9 ,pale/9ian   
t]ritories occupi$ s9ce #aifg1 & any o!r
 ,unit$ ,nations ,human ,rights ,c\ncil 
,special ,proc$ures us$ to display bias 
aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ! ,/ate (      
,israel or to provide support = !       
gov]nm5t ( any ,unit$ ,nations ,memb]   
,/ate--  7#a7 subject to sanctions by ! 
,security ,c\ncil2  7#b7 "u a ,security 
,c\ncil-m&at$ inve/igation = human      
rights abuses2  7#c7 :i* ! ,secret>y (  
,/ate has det]m9$1 = purposes ( section 
#f7;j7 ( ! ,export ,adm9i/ration ,act ( 
#aigi 7z cont9u$ 9 effect pursuant to ! 
,int]national ,em]g5cy ,economic ,p[]s  
,act71 section #dj ( ! ,arms ,export    
,control ,act1 section #fbj;,a ( !      
,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa1 or o!r  

provision ( law1 is a gov]nm5t t has    
repeat$ly provid$ support = acts (      
int]national t]rorism2  7#d7 :i* !      
,presid5t has designat$ z a c\ntry (    
p>ticul> conc]n = religi\s fre$om "u    
section #djb7;b7 ( ! ,int]national      
,religi\s ,fre$om ,act ( #aiih2  7#e7   
designat$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate        
pursuant to section #aaj ( ! ,traffick+ 
,victims ,protection ,act ( #bjjj 7#bb  
,u4,s4,c4 #gajg7 z a ,ti] #c c\ntry2 or 
7#f7 subject to sanctions by ! ,unit$   
,/ates4  7d7 ,rev]sion ( funds ,funds   
appropriat$ = use z a ,unit$ ,/ates     
contribution to ! ,unit$ ,nations b     
)held f obligation & exp5diture pursuant
 to ?is section %all imm$iately rev]t to
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,treasury & %all n be  
consid]$ arre>s to be repaid to any     
,unit$ ,nations ,entity4  ,,vi  #bjad   
,,gaza ,,report  #fja4  ,f9d+s          
,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,on       
,janu>y #ab1 #bjji1 ! ,unit$ ,nations   
,human ,rights ,c\ncil pass$ ,resolution
 ,a_/,,hrc_/,s-#i_/,l4#a1 :i* au?oriz$ a

 fact-f9d+ mission reg>d+ ,israel's     
conduct ( ,op]ation ,ca/ ,lead aga9/    
viol5t militants 9 ! ,gaza ,/rip betwe5 
,decemb] #bg1 #bjjh1 & ,janu>y #ah1     
#bjji4  7#b7 ,! resolution pre-judg$ !  
outcome ( its inve/igation by "o-sid$ly 
m&at+ ! fact-f9d+ mission to inve/igate 
all violations ( int]national human     
rights law & ,int]national ,humanit>ian 
,law by ''' ,israel1 aga9/ ! ,pale/9ian 
p ''' p>ticul>ly 9 ! occupi$ ,gaza      
,/rip1 due to ! curr5t aggression4  7#c7
 ,! m&ate ( ! fact-f9d+ mission makes no
 m5tion ( ! rel5tless rocket & mort>    
attacks1 :i* numb]$ 9 ! ?\s&s & spann$ a
 p]iod ( eight ye>s1 by ,hamas & o!r    
viol5t militant gr\ps 9 ,gaza aga9/     
civilian t>gets 9 ,israel1 t necessitat$
 ,israel's def5sive measures4  7#d7 ,!  
fact-f9d+ mission includ$ a memb] :o1   
be=e jo9+ ! mission1 _h already decl>$  
,israel guilty ( committ+ atrocities 9  
,op]ation ,ca/ ,lead by sign+ a public  
lett] on ,janu>y #aa1 #bjji1 publi%$ 9 !
 ,sunday ,times1 t call$ ,israel's      

actions w> crimes4  7#e7 ,! mission's   
flaw$ & bias$ m&ate gave s]i\s conc]n to
 _m ,unit$ ,nations ,human ,rights      
,c\ncil ,memb] ,/ates :i* refus$ to     
support x1 includ+ ,bosnia & ,h]zegov9a1
 ,cam]oon1 ,canada1 ,france1 ,g]many1   
,italy1 ,japan1 ! ,ne!rl&s1 ! ,republic 
( ,korea1 ,slovakia1 ,slov5ia1          
,switz]l&1 ,ukra9e1 & ! ,unit$ ,k+dom ( 
,great ,brita9 & ,nor!rn ,irel&1 &      
tr\bl$ _m di/+ui%$ individuals :o refus$
 invitations to head ! mission4  7#f7   
,on ,septemb] #ae1 #bjji1 ! ,unit$      
,nations ,fact ,f9d+ ,mission on ! ,gaza
 ,conflict releas$ its report1 commonly 
ref]r$ to z ! ,gold/one ,report1 :i*    
repeat$ly made sweep+ & unsub/antiat$   
det]m9ations t ! ,israeli milit>y _h    
delib]ately attack$ civilians dur+      
,op]ation ,ca/ ,lead4  7#g7 ,! ,gold/one
 ,report1 9 effect1 d5i$ ! ,/ate (      
,israel ! "r to self-def5se1 & nev] not$
 ! fact t ,israel _h ! "r to def5d its  
citiz5s f ! repeat$ viol5t attacks      
committ$ aga9/ civilian t>gets 9 s\!rn  

,israel by ,hamas & o!r ,=eign ,t]rori/ 
,organizations op]at+ f ,gaza4  7#h7 ,! 
,gold/one ,report l>gely ignor$ !       
culpability ( ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,iran & !   
,gov]nm5t ( ,syria1 bo? ( :om sponsor   
,hamas & o!r ,=eign ,t]rori/            
,organizations4  7#i7 ,on ,april #a1    
#bjaa1 ,ri*>d ,gold/one1 ! head ( !     
,unit$ ,nations ,fact ,f9d+ ,mission on 
! ,gaza ,conflict t au?or$ ! ,gold/one  
,report1 wrote an op-ed 9 ! ,wa%+ton    
,po/ t r5\nc$ ! ,gold/one ,report's     
claim t ! ,israeli milit>y delib]ately  
attack$ civilians dur+ ,op]ation ,ca/   
,lead4 ,gold/one wrote t ! ,israeli     
milit>y's inve/igations ) respect to    
incid5ts 9 ,op]ation ,ca/ ,lead indicate
 t civilians 7 n int5tionally t>get$ z a
 matt] ( policy4  7#aj7 ,?ree ye>s lat]1
 on ,july #bc1 #bjad1 ! ,unit$ ,nations 
,human ,rights ,c\ncil pass$ ,resolution
 ,a_/,,hrc_/,,res_/,s-#ba_/a1 :i*       
au?oriz$ a commission ( inquiry reg>d+ !
 conflict betwe5 ,israel & ,hamas betwe5
 ,july #h1 #bjad1 & ,augu/ #bf1 #bjad4  

7#aa7 ,on ,june #bb1 #bjae1 ! ,unit$    
,nations ,indep5d5t ,commission (       
,inquiry on ! #bjad ,gaza conflict      
releas$ its report1 h]eaft] ref]r$ to z 
! ,gaza report1 :i* attempt$ to e/abli% 
a false moral equival5cy betwe5 !       
actions ( ,israel's milit>y & ( ,hamas &
 o!r ,=eign ,t]rori/ ,organizations     
op]at+ f ,gaza4  7#ab7 ,! ,gaza report1 
9 effect1 d5ies ! ,/ate ( ,israel ! "r  
to self def5se1 & nev] notes ! fact t   
,israel _h ! "r to def5d its citiz5s f !
 repeat$ viol5t attacks committ$ aga9/  
civilian t>gets 9 s\!rn ,israel by      
,hamas & o!r ,=eign ,t]rori/            
,organizations op]at+ f ,gaza4  7#ac7   
,hamas uses civilian populations z human
 %ields by plac+ _! missile batt]ies 9  
d5sely populat$ areas & ne> s*ools1     
hospitals1 & mosques4  7#ad7 ,israel's  
milit>y w5t to extraord9>y l5g?s to     
t>get only t]rori/ actors & to m9imize  
collat]al damage by w>n+ ,gaza resid5ts 
( imm95t attacks4  7#ae7 ,hamas urg$ !  
resid5ts ( ,gaza to ignore ! ,israeli   

w>n+s & to rema9 9 _! h\ses & enc\rag$  
,pale/9ians to ga!r on ! ro(s ( _! homes
 to act z human %ields4  7#af7 ,! ,gaza 
report reflects ! long/&+1 hi/oric bias 
at ! ,unit$ ,nations aga9/ ! democratic1
 ,jewi% ,/ate ( ,israel4  7#ag7 ,! ,gaza
 report is be+ exploit$ by ,israel's    
enemies to excuse ! actions ( viol5t    
militant gr\ps & _! /ate sponsors1 & to 
ju/ify isolation ( & punitive measures  
aga9/ ! democratic1 ,jewi% ,/ate (      
,israel4  7#ah7 ,ef=ts to delegitimize !
 democratic ,/ate ( ,israel & d5y x ! "r
 to def5d its citiz5s & its exi/5ce c be
 us$ to delegitimize o!r democracies &  
d5y !m ! same "r4  #fjb4  ,/atem5t (    
policy  ,x is ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 to--  7#a7 consid] ! ,gaza report      
irr$eemably bias$ & unwor?y ( fur!r     
consid]ation or legitimacy2  7#b7       
/rongly & unequivocally oppose any      
consid]ation1 legitimization1 or        
endorsem5t ( ! ,gaza report1 or any o!r 
measures /emm+ f ?is report1 9          
multilat]al =a2  7#c7 lead a high-level 

diplomatic campaign 9 support ( !       
revocation & repudiation1 by ! ,unit$   
,nations ,g5]al ,assembly1 ( ! ,gaza    
report & any ,unit$ ,nations resolutions
 /emm+ f ! report1 includ+  7#d7 lead a 
high-level diplomatic ef=t to enc\rage  
o!r responsible c\ntries n to endorse1  
support1 or legitimize ! ,gaza report or
 any o!r measures /emm+ f ! report4     
#fjc4  ,)hold+ ( funds2 ,refund ( ,unit$
 ,/ates taxpay] doll>s  7a7  ,)hold+ (  
funds  ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all )hold f
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates contribution to !      
regul> budget ( ! ,unit$ ,nations an    
am\nt t is equal to ! p]c5tage ( su*    
contribution t ! ,secret>y det]m9es w\ld
 be or has be5 exp5d$ by ! ,unit$       
,nations = any "p ( ! ,gaza report or   
its prep>atory or foll[-on activities4  
7b7  ,refund ( unit$ /ates taxpay]      
doll>s  ,funds appropriat$ = use z a    
,unit$ ,/ates contribution to ! regul>  
budget ( ! ,unit$ ,nations b )held f    
obligation & exp5diture pursuant to     
subsection 7a7 %all imm$iately rev]t to 

! ,unit$ ,/ates ,treasury & %all n be   
consid]$ arre>s to be repaid to any     
,unit$ ,nations ,entity4  ,,vii  ,,bias$
 ,,& ,,compromis$ ,,activities  #gja4   
,)hold+ ( funds  7a7  ,9 g5]al  ,until !
 ,secret>y ( ,/ate submits to !         
appropriate congressional committees a  
c]tification1 on a case-by-case basis1 t
 ! requirem5ts describ$ 9 subsection 7b7
 h be5 satisfi$1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all   
)hold f ! ,unit$ ,/ates contribution to 
! regul> budget ( ! ,unit$ ,nations an  
am\nt t is equal to ! p]c5tage ( su*    
contribution t ! ,secret>y det]m9es has 
be5 allocat$ by ! ,unit$ ,nations = any 
conf]5ce1 meet+1 or o!r multilat]al =um1
 or ! prep>atory or foll[-on activities 
( any conf]5ce1 meet+1 or o!r           
multilat]al =um1 t is organiz$ "u !     
aegis or jurisdiction ( ! ,unit$        
,nations or ( any ,unit$ ,nations       
,entity4  7b7  ,requirem5ts  ,!         
c]tification ref]r$ to 9 subsection 7a7 
is a c]tification made by ! ,secret>y ( 
,/ate to ! appropriate congressional    

committees conc]n+ ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,!   
specifi$ conf]5ce or =um 0 n us$ to s+le
 out ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ! ,/ate (       
,israel = unfair or unbalanc$ criticism4
  7#b7 ,! specifi$ conf]5ce or =um 0 n  
us$ to propagate racism1 racial         
discrim9ation1 anti-,semitism1 d5ial ( !
 ,holocau/1 incitem5t to viol5ce or     
g5ocide1 x5ophobia1 or relat$           
intol]ance4  7#c7 ,! specifi$ conf]5ce  
or =um 0 n us$ to advocate = re/rictions
 on ! fre$oms ( spee*1 expression1      
religion1 ! press1 assembly1 or         
petition1 or = re/rictions on o!r       
fundam5tal human rights & fre$oms4  7#d7
 ,! lead]%ip ( ! specifi$ conf]5ce or   
=um does n include a ,memb] ,/ate1 or a 
repres5tative f a ,memb] ,/ate--  7,a7  
subject to sanctions by ! ,security     
,c\ncil2  7,b7 "u a ,security           
,c\ncil-m&at$ inve/igation = human      
rights abuses2  7,c7 ! gov]nm5t ( :i* ! 
,secret>y ( ,/ate has det]m9$1 =        
purposes ( section #f7;j7 ( ! ,export   
,adm9i/ration ,act ( #aigi 7z cont9u$ 9 

effect pursuant to ! ,int]national      
,em]g5cy ,economic ,p[]s ,act71 section 
#dj ( ! ,arms ,export ,control ,act1    
section #fbj;,a ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance   
,act ( #aifa1 or o!r provision ( law1 is
 a gov]nm5t t has repeat$ly provid$     
support = acts ( int]national t]rorism2 
or  7,d7 subject to sanctions by !      
,unit$ ,/ates4  ,,viii ,,unrwa  #hja4   
,f9d+s ,congress makes ! foll[+ f9d+s3  
7#a7 ,unit$ ,nations ,g5]al ,assembly   
,resolution #cjb 7#aidi7 creat$ ! ,unit$
 ,nations ,relief & ,works ,ag5cy =     
,pale/9e ,refugees 9 ! ,ne> ,ea/        
7,,unrwa7 ) ! tempor>y1 /rictly         
humanit>ian m&ate to c>ry out ''' direct
 relief & works programmes = ,pale/9ian 
refugees4  7#b7 ,! total annual budget (
 ! ,unit$ ,nations ,relief & ,works     
,ag5cy = ,pale/9e ,refugees 9 ! ,ne>    
,ea/ 7,,unrwa71 includ+ its core        
programs1 em]g5cy activities & special  
projects1 exce$s almo/ #a1djj1jjj1jjj4  
7#c7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates has long be5 !    
l>ge/ s+le contribut+ c\ntry to ,,unrwa4

  7#d7 ,f #aiej to #bjae1 ! ,unit$      
,/ates has contribut$ ov] #e1jjj1jjj1jjj
 to ,,unrwa1 includ+ an av]age ( ov]    
#bhj1jjj1jjj p] ye> betwe5 #bjji &      
#bjad4  7#e7 ,,unrwa /aff unions1       
includ+ ! tea*]s' union1 are frequ5tly  
controll$ by memb]s affiliat$ ) ,hamas4 
7#f7 ,! late ,repres5tative ,tom        
,lantos1 9 a ,may #ac1 #bjjb1 lett]1    
express$ 8 conc]n t--  7,a7 ,,unrwa is  
p]petuat+1 r ?an ameliorat+1 ! situation
 ( ,pale/9ian refugees2  7,b7 ,,unrwa   
(ficials h ''' fail$ to prev5t _! camps 
f becom+ c5t]s ( t]rori/ activity2 &    
7,c7 = too long1 ,,unrwa has be5 "p ( ! 
problem1 r ?an ! solution1 9 ! ,middle  
,ea/ ''' ,,unrwa camps h fo/]$ a culture
 ( ang] & dep5d5cy t und]m9es bo?       
regional peace & ! well-be+ ( ! camps   
inhabitants4  7#g7 ,! curriculum (      
,,unrwa s*ools1 :i* has be5 kn[n to use 
! textbooks ( _! respective ho/         
gov]nm5ts or au?orities1 has a hi/ory ( 
conta9+ mat]ials t are anti-,israel1    
anti-,semitic1 & supportive ( viol5t    

extremism4  7#h7 ,despite ,,unrwa's     
contrav5tion ( ,unit$ ,/ates law &      
activities t compromise its /rictly     
humanit>ian m&ate1 ,,unrwa cont9ues to  
receive ,unit$ ,/ates contributions1    
includ+ #djh1gea1cif 9 #bjad4  7#i7     
,assi/ance f ! ,unit$ ,/ates & o!r      
responsible nations all[s ,,unrwa to    
claim t criticisms ( ! ag5cy's behavior 
are unf\nd$4 ,,unrwa spokesman ,*ri/oph]
 ,gunness has dismiss$ conc]ns by /at+ t
 ,if ^! baseless allegations 7 ev5      
halfway true1 d y really ?9k ! ,u4,s4 & 
,european ,commission w\ld give u       
hundr$s ( millions ( doll>s p] ye>84    
7#aj7 ,=m] ,,unrwa g5]al c\nsel ,james  
,l9dsay not$ 9 a #bjji report t3  7,a7  
,! ,unit$ ,/ates1 despite fund+ ne>ly   
#ge p]c5t ( ,,unrwa's national budget & 
rema9+ its l>ge/ s+le c\ntry donor1 has 
mo/ly fail$ to make ,,unrwa reflect     
,u4,s4 =eign policy objectives '''      
,rec5t ,u4,s4 ef=ts to %ape ,,unrwa     
appe> to h be5 ineffective '''2  7,b7   
,the ,unit$ ,/ates is n obligat$ to fund

 ag5cies t refuse to *eck its rolls =   
individuals _! donors d n wi% to        
support42  7,c7 ,a numb] ( *anges 9     
,,unrwa c\ld b5efit ! refugees1 !       
,middle ,ea/1 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b ^?   
*anges w n occur unless ! ,unit$ ,/ates1
 ideally ) support f ,,unrwa's o!r ma9  
f9ancial support]1 ! ,european ,union1  
compels ! ag5cy to enact re=ms42 &  7,d7
 ,if ! ,,unrwa commission]-g5]al's p[]  
is us$ 9 ways t are conflict ) ! donors 
political objectives1 x is up to !      
donors to take ! necess>y actions to    
ensure t _! int]e/s are respect$4 ,:5 !y
 h done s1 ,,unrwa--giv5 ! tight        
f9ancial lea% x has be5 on = mo/ ( its  
exi/5ce--has t5d$ to foll[ _! dictates1 
ev5 if sometimes sl[ly4  7#aa7 ,!       
,gov]nm5t ( ,canada has plac$           
re/rictions on its contributions to     
,,unrwa1 demon/rat+ consequ5ces =       
,,unrwa's malfeasance & sett+ an example
 = ! ,unit$ ,/ates & o!r donor          
gov]nm5ts4  7#ab7 ,dur+ ,israel's       
,op]ation ,protective ,edge 9 #bjad 9   

response to ,hamas rocket attacks aga9/ 
,israel1 ,,unrwa's ,commission] ,g5]al  
gave a press brief+ ignor+ ! extraord9>y
 ef=ts ,israel goes to avoid civilian   
casualties1 & n once 9 ! ne>ly #a1ajj ^w
 /atem5t m5tion+ ,hamas or condemn+     
,hamas' use ( ,pale/9ian *ildr51 wom51 &
 m5 z human %ields 9 violation (        
int]national humanit>ian law4  7#ac7 ,on
 ,july #af1 #bjad1 ,,unrwa report$ t x  
_h f\nd #bj missiles 9 "o ( its s*ools 9
 ,gaza1 likely plac$ !re by ,hamas1 & !n
 in/ead ( dismantl+ ! missiles1 ,,unrwa 
return$ !m to ! relevant au?orities 9   
,gaza1 & s9ce ,hamas controls ,gaza1 x  
likely turn$ !m back ov] to ,hamas4     
7#ad7 ,on ,july #bb1 #bjad1 ,,unrwa     
report$ t x _h f\nd a second in/ance 9  
:i* missiles 7 /ockpil$ 9 "o ( its      
s*ools 9 ,gaza1 & aga9 fail$ to condemn 
,hamas publicly4  7#ae7 ,on ,july #bi1  
#bjad1 ,,unrwa confirm$ t1 = ! ?ird "t 9
 less ?an a mon?1 a /ockpile ( ,hamas   
rockets 0 f\nd 9 "o ( its s*ools 9      
,gaza1 e/abli%+ a patt]n ( ,hamas       

weapons be+ /or$ 9 ,,unrwa facilities1 &
 call+ into "q ,,unrwa's claim ( be+    
caught unaw>es to ,hamas' actions4      
7#af7 ,on ,july #cj1 #bjad1 ?ree        
,israeli ,def5se ,=ce soldi]s 7 kill$ 9 
an explosion at a booby-trapp$ ,,unrwa  
heal? cl9ic1 :i* 0 h\s+ ! op5+ to "o (  
,hamas' und]gr\nd tunnels4  7#ag7 ,on   
,july #cj1 #bjad1 ,john ,g+1 head (     
,,unrwa f #bjjf to #bjaa1 :5 ask$ if    
,hamas has be5 us+ human %ields & us+   
,unit$ ,nations s*ools & hospitals to   
/ore weapons & z a %elt] f :i* to laun* 
missiles into ,israel1 /at$ 9 an        
int]view1 ,yes1 ! arm$ gr\ps are fir+ _!
 rockets into ,israel f ! vic9ity ( ,,un
 facilities & resid5tial areas4         
,absolutely44  7#ah7 ,dur+ ,op]ation    
,protective ,edge 9 ,gaza1 ,,unrwa      
repeat$ly di/ort$ ! facts & accus$      
,israel ( t>get+ ,pale/9ian wom5 &      
*ildr5 bas$ (f ( ! casualty numb]s      
provid$ to x by ,gaza's ,hamas-run      
,heal? ,m9i/ry1 :i* has be5 %[n to h    
delib]ately li$ ab\t ! casualty numb]s4 

#hjb4  ,unit$ ,/ates ,contributions to  
,,unrwa  ,section #cja ( ! ,=eign       
,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa is am5d$ by     
/rik+ subsection 7c7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+  
new subsection3  7c7  7#a7  ,)hold+     
,contributions by ! ,unit$ ,/ates to !  
,unit$ ,nations ,relief & ,works ,ag5cy 
= ,pale/9e ,refugees 9 ! ,ne> ,ea/      
7,,unrwa71 to any successor or relat$   
entity1 or to ! regul> budget ( ! ,unit$
 ,nations = ! support ( ,,unrwa or a    
successor entity 7?r\gh /aff positions  
provid$ by ! ,unit$ ,nations            
,secret>iat1 or o!rwise71 may be provid$
 only dur+ a p]iod = :i* a c]tification 
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 is 9 effect4   
,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( law1 if su*
 a c]tification _c be made1 su*         
contributions %all be made available to 
! ,unit$ ,nations ,high ,commission] =  
,refugees 7,,unhcr7 specifically = use  
by ,,unhcr ,em]g5cy ,response4  7#b7    
,c]tification  ,a c]tification describ$ 
9 ?is p>agraph is a writt5 det]m9ation  
by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 bas$ on all     

in=mation available aft] dilig5t        
inquiry1 & transmitt$ to ! appropriate  
congressional committees along ) a      
detail$ description ( ! factual basis   
!re=1 t--  7,a7 no (ficial1 employee1   
consultant1 contractor1 subcontractor1  
repres5tative1 or affiliate ( ,,unrwa-- 
7i7 is a memb] ( a ,=eign ,t]rori/      
,organization2  7ii7 has propagat$1     
dissem9at$1 or incit$ anti-,am]ican1    
anti-,israel1 or anti-,semitic rhetoric 
or propag&a2 or  7iii7 has us$ any      
,,unrwa res\rces1 includ+ publications  
or ,web sites1 to propagate or          
dissem9ate political mat]ials1 includ+  
political rhetoric reg>d+ !             
,israeli-,pale/9ian conflict2  7,b7 no  
,,unrwa s*ool1 hospital1 cl9ic1 o!r     
facility1 or o!r infra/ructure or       
res\rce is be+ us$ by a ,=eign ,t]rori/ 
,organization = op]ations1 plann+1      
tra9+1 recruitm5t1 fundrais+1           
indoctr9ation1 communications1 sanctu>y1
 /orage ( weapons or o!r mat]ials1 or   
any o!r purposes2  7,c7 ,,unrwa is      

subject to compreh5sive f9ancial audits 
by an int]nationally recogniz$ ?ird-p>ty
 indep5d5t audit+ firm & has implem5t$  
an effective sy/em ( vett+ & ov]sight to
 prev5t ! use1 receipt1 or div]sion (   
any ,,unrwa res\rces by any =eign       
t]rori/ organization or memb]s !re(2    
7,d7 no ,,unrwa-fund$ s*ool or          
educational in/itution uses textbooks or
 o!r educational mat]ials t propagate or
 dissem9ate anti-,am]ican1 anti-,israel1
 or anti-,semitic rhetoric1 propag&a or 
incitem5t2  7,e7 no recipi5t ( ,,unrwa  
funds or loans is a memb] ( a ,=eign    
,t]rori/ ,organization2 &  7,f7 ,,unrwa 
holds no acc\nts or o!r affiliations )  
f9ancial in/itutions t ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
deems or believes to be complicit 9     
money laund]+ & t]ror f9anc+4  7#c7     
,def9itions  ,9 ?is section3 7,a7       
,appropriate congressional committees ,!
 t]m appropriate congressional          
committees means--  7i7 ! ,committees on
 ,=eign ,affairs1 ,appropriations1 &    
,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m ( ! ,h\se ( 

,repres5tatives2 &  7ii7 ! ,committees  
on ,=eign ,relations1 ,appropriations1 &
 ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal        
,affairs ( ! ,s5ate4  7,b7  ,=eign      
,t]rori/ ,organization  ,! t]m ,=eign   
,t]rori/ ,organization means an         
organization designat$ z a ,=eign       
,t]rori/ ,organization by ! ,secret>y ( 
,/ate 9 accordance ) section #bai7;a7 ( 
! ,immigration & ,nationality ,act 7#h  
,u4,s4,c4 #aahi7;a774  7#d7  ,effective 
,duration ( ,c]tification  ,!           
c]tification describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7   
%all be effective = a p]iod ( #ahj days 
f ! date ( transmission to ! appropriate
 congressional committees1 or until !   
,secret>y receives in=mation r5d]+ t    
c]tification factually inaccurate1      
:i*ev] is e>lie/4 ,9 ! ev5t t a         
c]tification becomes ineffective1 !     
,secret>y %all promptly transmit to !   
appropriate congressional committees a  
description ( any in=mation t precludes 
! r5ewal or cont9uation ( !             
c]tification4  7#e7  ,limitation  ,dur+ 

a p]iod = :i* a c]tification describ$ 9 
p>agraph 7#b7 is 9 effect1 ! ,unit$     
,/ates may n contribute to ! ,unit$     
,nations ,relief & ,works ,ag5cy =      
,pale/9e ,refugees 9 ! ,ne> ,ea/        
7,,unrwa7 or a successor entity an      
annual am\nt--  7,a7 great] ?an ! highe/
 annual contribution to ,,unrwa made by 
a memb] c\ntry ( ! ,league ( ,arab      
,/ates2  7,b7 t1 z a proportion ( !     
total ,,unrwa budget1 exce$s !          
proportion ( ! total budget = ! ,unit$  
,nations ,high ,commission] = ,refugees 
7,,unhcr7 paid by ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 or   
7,c7 t exce$s #bb p]c5t ( ! total budget
 ( ,,unrwa4  4  #hjc4 ,s5se ( ,congress 
,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t--  7#a7 !    
,presid5t & ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %\ld    
lead a high-level diplomatic ef=t to    
enc\rage o!r responsible nations to     
)hold contributions to ,,unrwa1 to any  
successor or relat$ entity1 or to !     
regul> budget ( ! ,unit$ ,nations = !   
support ( ,,unrwa or a successor entity 
7?r\gh /aff positions provid$ by !      

,unit$ ,nations ,secret>iat1 or o!rwise7
 until ,,unrwa has met ! conditions li/$
 9 subp>agraphs 7,a7 ?r\gh 7,f7 (       
section #cja7;c77#b7 ( ! ,=eign         
,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7z add$ by      
section #hjb ( ?is ,act72  7#b7 citiz5s 
( recogniz$ /ates %\ld be remov$ f      
,,unrwa's jurisdiction2  7#c7 ,,unrwa's 
def9ition ( a ,pale/9e refugee %\ld be  
*ang$ to t us$ = a refugee by ! ,(fice (
 ! ,unit$ ,nations ,high ,commission] = 
,refugees2 &  7#d7 9 ord] to alleviate !
 suff]+ ( ,pale/9ian refugees1          
responsibility = ^? refugees %\ld be    
fully transf]r$ to ! ,(fice ( ! ,unit$  
,nations ,high ,commission] = ,refugees4
  ,,ix  ,,int]national ,,atomic ,,en]gy 
,,ag5cy  #ija4  ,te*nical coop]ation    
program  7a7  ,prohibition  ,no funds f 
any ,unit$ ,/ates assess$ or volunt>y   
contribution to ! ,,iaea may be us$ to  
support any assi/ance provid$ by !      
,,iaea ?r\gh its ,te*nical ,coop]ation  
program to ,nor? ,korea & any c\ntry t--
  7#a7 is a c\ntry ! gov]nm5t ( :i* has 

be5 det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 =   
purposes ( section #f7;j7 ( ! ,export   
,adm9i/ration ,act ( #aigi1 section     
#fbj;,a ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act (    
#aifa1 section #dj ( ! ,arms ,export    
,control ,act1 or o!r provision ( law1  
is a gov]nm5t t has repeat$ly provid$   
support = acts ( int]national t]rorism2 
7#b7 is subject to sanctions by ! ,unit$
 ,/ates z a prolif]ation conc]n or = be+
 9 brea* ( or noncompliance ) its       
obligations reg>d+--  7,a7 its safegu>ds
 agreem5t ) ! ,,iaea2  7,b7 !           
,additional ,protocol2  7,c7 ! ,nucle>  
,non-,prolif]ation ,treaty2  7,d7 any   
relevant ,unit$ ,nations ,security      
,c\ncil ,resolution2 or  7,e7 ! ,*>t] ( 
! ,unit$ ,nations2 or  7#c7 is "u       
inve/igation = a brea* ( or             
noncompliance ) ! obligations specifi$ 9
 p>agraph 7#b74  7b7  ,)hold+ ( volunt>y
 contributions  ,n lat] ?an #cj days    
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 !  
,secret>y ( ,/ate %all )hold f ! ,unit$ 
,/ates volunt>y contribution to ! ,,iaea

 an am\nt proportional to t sp5t by !   
,,iaea on assi/ance ?r\gh its ,te*nical 
,coop]ation ,program to c\ntries        
describ$ 9 subsection 7a74  7c7  ,)hold+
 ( assess$ contributions  ,if1 n lat]   
?an #cj days ( ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is
 ,act1 ! am\nt specifi$ 9 subsection 7b7
 has n be5 )held & ! ,,iaea has n       
susp5d$ all assi/ance provid$ ?r\gh its 
,te*nical ,coop]ation ,program to !     
c\ntries describ$ 9 subsection 7a71 an  
am\nt equal to t specifi$ 9 subsection  
7b7 %all be )held f ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
assess$ contribution to ! ,,iaea4  7d7  
,report  ,n lat] ?an #f mon?s aft] !    
date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 !         
,presid5t %all transmit to ! appropriate
 congressional committees a report on ! 
implem5tation ( ?is section4  #ijb4     
,unit$ ,/ates policy at ! ,,iaea  7a7   
,unit$ ,/ates ,contributions  7#a7      
,volunt>y contributions  ,volunt>y      
contributions ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to !    
,,iaea %\ld prim>ily be us$ to fund     
activities relat+ to ,nucle> ,safety &  

,security or activities relat+ to       
,nucle> ,v]ification4  7#b7  ,limitation
 on use ( funds  ,! ,presid5t %all      
direct ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t         
,repres5tative to ! ,,iaea to use !     
voice1 vote1 & influ5ce ( ! ,unit$      
,/ates at ! ,,iaea to--  7,a7 ensure t  
funds = safegu>ds inspections are       
prioritiz$ = c\ntries t--  7i7 are or h 
be5 9 ! previ\s #e ye>s 9 brea* ( or    
noncompliance ) its obligations )--     
7,i7 its safegu>ds agreem5t ) ! ,,iaea2 
7,,ii7 ! ,additional ,protocol2  7,,iii7
 ! ,nucle> ,non-,prolif]ation ,treaty2  
7,,iv7 any relevant ,unit$ ,nations     
,security ,c\ncil ,resolution2 or  7,v7 
! ,*>t] ( ! ,unit$ ,nations2 or  7ii7 h 
newly e/abli%$ nucle> programs & are    
initiat+ nucle> programs2 &  7,b7 block 
! allocation ( funds = any o!r ,,iaea   
developm5t1 environm5tal1 or nucle>     
sci5ce assi/ance or activity to a       
c\ntry--  7i7 ! gov]nm5t ( :i* !        
,secret>y ( ,/ate has det]m9$1 =        
purposes ( section #f7;j7 ( ! ,export   

,adm9i/ration ,act ( #aigi1 section     
#fbj;,a ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act (    
#aifa1 section #dj ( ! ,arms ,export    
,control ,act1 or o!r provision ( law1  
is a gov]nm5t t has repeat$ly provid$   
support = acts ( int]national t]rorism &
 ! gov]nm5t ( :i* ! ,secret>y has       
det]m9$ has n dismantl$ & surr5d]$ its  
weapons ( mass de/ruction programs "u   
int]national v]ification2  7ii7 t is "u 
inve/igation = a brea* ( or             
noncompliance ) its ,,iaea obligations  
or ! purposes & pr9ciples ( ! ,*>t] ( ! 
,unit$ ,nations2 or  7iii7 t is 9       
violation ( its ,,iaea obligations or ! 
purposes & pr9ciples ( ! ,*>t] ( !      
,unit$ ,nations4  7#c7  ,detail (       
exp5ditures  ,! ,presid5t %all direct ! 
,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t ,repres5tative to
 ! ,,iaea to use ! voice1 vote1 &       
influ5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ! ,,iaea  
to secure1 z "p ( ! regul> budget       
pres5tation ( ! ,,iaea to ,memb] ,/ates 
( ! ,,iaea1 a detail$ breakd[n by c\ntry
 ( exp5ditures ( ! ,,iaea = safegu>ds   

inspections & nucle> security           
activities4  7b7  ,memb]%ip  7#a7  ,9   
g5]al  ,! ,presid5t %all direct ! ,unit$
 ,/ates ,p]man5t ,repres5tative to !    
,,iaea to use ! voice1 vote1 & influ5ce 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ! ,,iaea to block !
 memb]%ip on ! ,bo>d ( ,gov]nors ( !    
,,iaea = a ,memb] ,/ate ( ! ,,iaea t has
 n sign$1 ratifi$ & implem5t$ !         
,additional ,protocol &--  7,a7 is "u   
inve/igation = a brea* ( or             
noncompliance ) its ,,iaea obligations  
or ! purposes & pr9ciples ( ! ,*>t] ( ! 
,unit$ ,nations2 or  7,b7 t is 9        
violation ( its ,,iaea obligations or ! 
purposes & pr9ciples ( ! ,*>t] ( !      
,unit$ ,nations4  7#b7  ,crit]ia  ,!    
,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t ,repres5tative to
 ! ,,iaea %all make e ef=t to modify !  
crit]ia = ,bo>d memb]%ip to reflect !   
pr9ciples describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a74  7c7
  ,small quantities protocol  ,!        
,presid5t %all direct ! ,unit$ ,/ates   
,p]man5t ,repres5tative to ! ,,iaea to  
use ! voice1 vote1 & influ5ce ( ! ,unit$

 ,/ates at ! ,,iaea to make e ef=t to   
ensure t ! ,,iaea *anges ! policy reg>d+
 ! ,small ,quantities ,protocol 9 ord]  
to--  7#a7 resc9d & elim9ate ! ,small   
,quantities ,protocol2  7#b7 require t  
any ,,iaea ,memb] ,/ate t has previ\sly 
sign$ a ,small ,quantities ,protocol to 
sign1 ratify1 & implem5t ! ,additional  
,protocol1 provide imm$iate access =    
,,iaea inspectors to its nucle>-relat$  
facilities1 & agree to ! /ronge/        
inspections regime ( its nucle> ef=ts2 &
  7#c7 require t any ,,iaea ,memb] ,/ate
 t does n comply ) p>agraph 7#b7 to be  
ineligible to receive nucle> mat]ial1   
te*nology1 equipm5t1 or assi/ance f any 
,,iaea ,memb] ,/ate4  7d7  ,report  ,n  
lat] ?an #f mon?s aft] ! date ( !       
enactm5t ( ?is ,act & annually = #b ye>s
 !reaft]1 ! ,presid5t %all submit to !  
appropriate congressional committees a  
report on ! implem5tation ( ?is section4
  #ijc4  ,s5se ( ,congress reg>d+ !     
,nucle> ,security ,action ,plan ( !     
,,iaea  ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t !    

national security int]e/s ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates are enhanc$ by ! ,nucle>         
,security ,action ,plan ( ! ,,iaea & !  
,bo>d ( ,gov]nors %\ld recomm5d1 & !    
,g5]al ,conf]5ce %\ld adopt1 a          
resolution incorporat+ ! ,nucle>        
,security ,action ,plan into ! regul>   
budget ( ! ,,iaea4  ,x  ,,peacekeep+    
#ajja4  ,re=m ( ,unit$ ,nations         
peacekeep+ op]ations  ,x is ! s5se (    
,congress t-- 7#a7 al?\gh ,unit$        
,nations peacekeep+ op]ations h         
contribut$ greatly t[>d ! promotion (   
peace & /ability = ov] #f decades & !   
majority ( peacekeep+ p]sonnel :o h s]v$
 "u ! ,unit$ ,nations flag h done s )   
honor & c\rage1 ! record ( ,unit$       
,nations peacekeep+ has be5 sev]ely     
t>ni%$ by op]ational failures &         
unconscionable acts ( misconduct2  7#b7 
9 response to su* failures1 successive  
,secret>ies ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,nations h
 laun*$ num]\s re=m ef=ts1 includ+ !    
high-level ,panel on ,unit$ ,nations    
,peace ,op]ations1 l$ by =m] ,=eign     

,m9i/] ( ,alg]ia ,lakhd> ,brahimi1 !    
#bjje report by ! ,special ,advisor on !
 ,prev5tion ( ,sexual ,exploitation &   
,abuse1 ,8 ,royal ,highness ,pr9ce ,zeid
 ,ra'ad ,zeid ,al-,husse9 ( ,jordan1 !  
#bjji ,new ,p>tn]%ip ,ag5da1 kn[n z !   
,new ,horizon reports1 & ! #bjae report 
by ! ,high-level ,indep5d5t ,panel on   
,unit$ ,nations ,peace ,op]ations2  7#c7
 despite ! fact t ! ,unit$ ,nations has 
_h ov] a decade to implem5t _m ( ^!     
re=ms1 ne>ly #aj ye>s to implem5t !     
re=ms 9 ! ,zeid ,report1 & ! fact t     
,secret>y ,g5]al ,ban ,ki-,moon1 8      
pr$ecessor ,k(i ,annan1 & ! ,special    
,committee on ,peacekeep+ ,op]ations    
repeat$ly h express$ _! commitm5t to    
implem5t+ fundam5tal1 sy/ematic *anges z
 a matt] ( urg5cy1 a numb] ( critical   
re=ms cont9ue to be block$ or delay$ by 
,memb]s ,/ates :o arguably b5efit f     
ma9t5ance ( ! /atus quo2  7#d7 fur!r1   
audits ( procurem5t practices 9 !       
,dep>tm5t ( ,peacekeep+ ,op]ations1     
conduct$ by ! ,(fice ( ,int]nal         

,ov]sight ,s]vices1 & ! n[-defunct      
,unit$ ,nations ,procurem5t ,task ,=ce h
 uncov]$ significant corruption s*emes &
 crim9al acts by ,unit$ ,nations        
peacekeep+ p]sonnel2 &  7#e7 if !       
reputation ( & confid5ce 9 ,unit$       
,nations peacekeep+ op]ations is to be  
re/or$1 fundam5tal & f>-rea*+ re=ms1    
p>ticul>ly 9 ! areas ( plann+1          
managem5t1 procurem5t1 tra9+1 conduct1 &
 discipl9e1 mu/ be implem5t$ )\t fur!r  
delay4  #ajjb4  ,policy relat+ to re=m (
 ,unit$ ,nations peacekeep+ op]ations   
,x %all be ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to
 pursue re=m ( ,unit$ ,nations          
peacekeep+ op]ations 9 ! foll[+ areas3  
7#a7  ,plann+ & managem5t  7,a7  ,global
 audit  ,z ! size1 co/1 & numb] ( ,unit$
 ,nations peacekeep+ op]ations h        
increas$ sub/antially ov] ! pa/ decade1 
indep5d5t audits ( ea* su* op]ation %\ld
 be conduct$ annually1 ) a view t[>d    
"r-siz+ op]ations & ensur+ t all        
op]ations are effici5t & co/ effective4 
7,b7  ,procurem5t & transp>5cy  ,!      

logi/ics e/abli%$ )9 ! ,unit$ ,nations  
,dep>tm5t ( ,field ,support %\ld be     
/reaml9$ & /r5g!n$ to ensure t all      
peacekeep+ missions are res\rc$         
appropriately1 transp>5tly1 & 9 a timely
 fa%ion :ile individual acc\ntability = 
wa/e1 fraud & abuse )9 ,unit$ ,nations  
peacekeep+ missions is uni=mly en=c$4   
7,c7  ,review ( m&ates & clos+ op]ations
  ,9 conjunction ) ! audit describ$ 9   
subp>agraph 7,a71 ! ,unit$ ,nations     
,dep>tm5t ( ,peacekeep+ ,op]ations %\ld 
conduct a compreh5sive review ( all     
,unit$ ,nations peacekeep+ op]ation     
m&ates1 ) a view t[>d id5tify+          
objectives t are practical & a*ievable1 
& report its f9d+s to ! ,security       
,c\ncil4 ,9 p>ticul>1 ! review %\ld     
consid] ! foll[+3  7i7 ,except 9        
extraord9>y cases1 includ+ g5ocide1 !   
,unit$ ,nations ,dep>tm5t ( ,peacekeep+ 
,op]ations %\ld n be task$ ) activities 
t are impractical or una*ievable )\t !  
coop]ation ( ! ,memb] ,/ate7s7 ho/+ a   
,unit$ ,nations peacekeep+ op]ation1 or 

:i* am\nt to de-facto ,tru/ee%ip outside
 ( ! proc$ures e/abli%$ = su* "u ,*apt] 
,,xii ( ! ,unit$ ,nations ,*>t]1 !reby  
creat+ unreali/ic expectations &        
obfuscat+ ! prim>y responsibility ( !   
,memb] ,/ates !mselves 9 creat+ &       
ma9ta9+ conditions = peace4  7ii7       
,long-/&+ op]ations t are /atic & _c    
fulfill _! m&ate %\ld be d[nsiz$ or     
clos$4  7iii7 ,:]e !re is legitimate    
conc]n t ! )drawal f a c\ntry ( an      
o!rwise /atic ,unit$ ,nations peacekeep+
 op]ation w\ld result 9 ! resumption (  
major conflict1 a burd5-%>+ arrangem5t t
 r$uces ! level ( assess$ contributions1
 simil> to t curr5tly support+ ! ,unit$ 
,nations ,peacekeep+ ,=ce 9 ,cyprus1    
%\ld be explor$ & in/itut$4  7,d7       
,lead]%ip  ,z peacekeep+ op]ations      
become l>g] & increas+ly complex1 !     
,secret>iat %\ld adopt a m9imum /&>d (  
qualifications = s5ior lead]s & manag]s1
 ) p>ticul> emphasis on specific skills 
& exp]i5ce1 & curr5t s5ior lead]s &     
manag]s :o d n meet ^? /&>ds %\ld be    

remov$4  7,e7  ,pre-deploym5t tra9+     
,pre-deploym5t tra9+ on int]pretation ( 
! m&ate ( ! op]ation1 specifically 9 !  
areas ( use ( =ce1 civilian protection &
 field conditions1 ! ,code ( ,conduct1  
,,hiv_/,,aids1 & human rights %\ld be   
m&atory1 & all p]sonnel1 reg>dless (    
category or rank1 %\ld be requir$ to    
sign an oa? t ea* has receiv$ & und]/&s 
su* tra9+ z a condition ( p>ticipation 9
 ! op]ation4  7,f7  ,gratis milit>y     
p]sonnel  ,! ,g5]al ,assembly %\ld seek 
to /r5g!n ! capacity ! ,unit$ ,nations  
,dep>tm5t ( ,peacekeep+ ,op]ations &    
ease ! extraord9>y burd5 curr5tly plac$ 
^u ! limit$ numb] ( headqu>t]s /aff by  
lift+ re/rictions on ! utilization (    
gratis milit>y p]sonnel by ! ,dep>tm5t s
 t ! ,dep>tm5t may accept secondm5ts f  
,memb] ,/ates ( milit>y p]sonnel )      
exp]tise 9 mission plann+1 logi/ics1 &  
o!r op]ational specialties4  7#b7       
,conduct & discipl9e  7,a7  ,adoption ( 
a uni=m code ( conduct  ,a s+le1 uni=m  
,code ( ,conduct t has ! /atus ( a b9d+ 

rule & applies equally to all p]sonnel  
s]v+ 9 ,unit$ ,nations peacekeep+       
op]ations1 reg>dless ( category or rank1
 includ+ milit>y p]sonnel1 %\ld be      
adopt$ & incorporat$ into legal docum5ts
 gov]n+ p>ticipation 9 su* an op]ation1 
includ+ all contracts & ,memor&ums (    
,und]/&+1 promulgat$ & effectively      
en=c$4  7,b7  ,und]/&+ ! code ( conduct 
,all p]sonnel1 reg>dless ( category or  
rank1 %\ld receive tra9+ on ! ,code (   
,conduct prior to deploym5t ) a         
peacekeep+ op]ation1 9 addition to      
p]iodic foll[-on tra9+4 ,9 p>ticul>--   
7i7 all p]sonnel1 reg>dless ( category  
or rank1 %\ld be provid$ ) a p]sonal    
copy ( ! ,code ( ,conduct t has be5     
translat$ into ! national language ( su*
 p]sonnel1 reg>dless ( :e!r su* language
 is an (ficial language ( ! ,unit$      
,nations2  7ii7 all p]sonnel1 reg>dless 
( category or rank1 %\ld sign an oa? t  
ea* has receiv$ a copy ( ! ,code (      
,conduct1 t ea* pl$ges to abide by !    
,code ( ,conduct1 & t ea* und]/&s !     

consequ5ces ( violat+ ! ,code (         
,conduct1 includ+ imm$iate t]m9ation (  
p>ticipation 9 & p]man5t exclusion f all
 curr5t & future peacekeep+ op]ations1 z
 well z ! assumption ( p]sonal liability
 & victims comp5sation1 :]e appropriate1
 z a condition ( appo9tm5t to any su*   
op]ation2 &  7iii7 peacekeep+ op]ations 
%\ld cont9ue & enhance educational      
outrea* programs to rea* local          
communities :]e peacekeep+ p]sonnel (   
su* op]ations are bas$1 includ+ expla9+ 
prohibit$ acts on ! "p ( ,unit$ ,nations
 peacekeep+ p]sonnel & id5tify+ !       
individual to :om ! local population may
 direct compla9ts or file allegations ( 
exploitation1 abuse1 or o!r acts (      
misconduct4  7,c7  ,monitor+ me*anisms  
,d$icat$ monitor+ me*anisms1 su* z !    
,conduct & ,discipl9e ,teams already    
deploy$ to support ,unit$ ,nations      
peacekeep+ op]ations %\ld be pres5t 9   
ea* op]ation to monitor compliance ) !  
,code ( ,conduct1 & %\ld report         
simultane\sly to ! ,head ( ,mission1 !  

,unit$ ,nations ,dep>tm5t ( ,field      
,support1 ! ,unit$ ,nations ,dep>tm5t ( 
,peacekeep+ ,op]ations1 & ! ,associate  
,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,int]nal         
,ov]sight ,s]vices = ,peacekeep+        
,op]ations4  7,d7  ,inve/igations  ,a   
p]man5t1 pr(essional1 & indep5d5t       
inve/igative body %\ld be e/abli%$ &    
introduc$ into ,unit$ ,nations          
peacekeep+ op]ations4 ,9 p>ticul>--  7i7
 ! inve/igative body %\ld include       
pr(essionals ) exp]i5ce 9 inve/igat+ sex
 crimes & ! illegal exploitation (      
res\rces1 z appropriate1 z well z exp]ts
 :o c provide guidance on /&>ds ( pro( &
 evid5ti>y requirem5ts necess>y = any   
subsequ5t legal action2  7ii7 provisions
 %\ld be includ$ 9 all ,memor&ums (     
,und]/&+1 includ+ a ,model ,memor&um (  
,und]/&+1 t obligate ,memb] ,/ates t    
contribute troops to a peacekeep+       
op]ation to designate a milit>y         
prosecutor :o w p>ticipate 9 any        
inve/igation into cr$ible allegations ( 
misconduct br\ght aga9/ an individual ( 

su* ,memb] ,/ate1 s t evid5ce is        
collect$ & pres]v$ 9 a mann] consi/5t ) 
! milit>y law ( su* ,memb] ,/ate2  7iii7
 ! inve/igative body %\ld be regionally 
bas$ to ensure rapid deploym5t & %\ld be
 equipp$ ) mod]n =5sics equipm5t = !    
purpose ( positively id5tify+           
p]petrators &1 :]e necess>y1 = det]m9+  
pat]nity2 &  7iv7 ! inve/igative body   
%\ld report directly to ! ,associate    
,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,int]nal         
,ov]sight ,s]vices = ,peacekeep+        
,op]ations1 :ile provid+ copies ( any   
reports to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,field         
,support1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,peacekeep+     
,op]ations1 ! ,head ( ,mission1 & !     
,memb] ,/ate conc]n$4  7,e7  ,foll[-up  
,! ,conduct & ,discipl9e ,unit 9 !      
headqu>t]s ( ! ,unit$ ,nations ,dep>tm5t
 ( ,field ,support %\ld be appropriately
 /aff$1 res\rc$1 & task$ )--  7i7       
promulgat+ measures to prev5t           
misconduct2  7ii7 receiv+ reports by    
field p]sonnel & coord9at+ ! ,dep>tm5t's
 response to allegations ( misconduct2  

7iii7 ga!r+ foll[-up in=mation on       
complet$ inve/igations1 p>ticul>ly by   
focus+ on discipl9>y actions aga9/ !    
individual conc]n$ tak5 by ! ,unit$     
,nations or by ! ,memb] ,/ate t is      
contribut+ troops to :i* su* individual 
belongs1 & %>+ su* in=mation ) !        
,security ,c\ncil1 ! ,dep>tm5t (        
,peacekeep+ ,op]ations1 ! ,head (       
,mission1 & ! community ho/+ !          
peacekeep+ op]ation2 &  7iv7 contribut+ 
p]t95t data on conduct & discipl9e to ! 
database requir$ pursuant to subp>agraph
 7,h74  7,f7  ,f9ancial liability &     
victims assi/ance  ,al?\gh peacekeep+   
op]ations %\ld provide imm$iate m$ical  
assi/ance to victims ( sexual abuse or  
exploitation1 ! responsibility = provid+
 long]-t]m treatm5t1 c>e1 or re/itution 
lies solely ) ! individual f\nd guilty (
 ! misconduct4 ,9 p>ticul>3  7i7 ,!     
,unit$ ,nations %\ld n assume           
responsibility = provid+ long-t]m       
treatm5t or comp5sation "u ! ,sexual    
,exploitation & ,abuse ,victim          

,assi/ance ,me*anism by utiliz+ assess$ 
contributions to ,unit$ ,nations        
peacekeep+ op]ations1 !reby %ield+      
individuals f p]sonal liability & re9=c+
 an atmosph]e ( impunity4  7ii7 ,if an  
individual responsible = misconduct has 
be5 repatriat$1 reassign$1 r$eploy$1 or 
is o!rwise unable to provide assi/ance1 
responsibility = provid+ assi/ance to a 
victim %\ld be assign$ to ! ,memb] ,/ate
 t contribut$ ! cont+5t to :i* su*      
individual belong$ or to ! manag]       
conc]n$4  7iii7 ,9 ! case ( misconduct  
by a memb] ( a milit>y cont+5t1         
appropriate funds %all be )held f !     
troop contribut+ c\ntry conc]n$4  7iv7  
,9 ! case ( misconduct by a civilian    
employee or contractor ( ! ,unit$       
,nations1 appropriate wages %all be     
g>ni%$ f su* individual or f9es %all be 
impos$ aga9/ su* individual1 consi/5t ) 
exi/+ ,unit$ ,nations ,/aff ,rules1 &   
retirem5t funds %all n be %ield$ f      
liability4  7,g7  ,manag]s & comm&]s  ,!
 mann] 9 :i* manag]s & comm&]s h&le     

cases ( misconduct by ^? s]v+ "u !m %\ld
 be includ$ 9 _! individual p]=mance    
evaluations1 s t manag]s & comm&]s :o   
take decisive action to det] & address  
misconduct are rew>d$1 :ile ^? :o create
 a p]missive environm5t or imp$e        
inve/igations are p5aliz$ or reliev$ (  
duty1 z appropriate4  7,h7  ,database   
,a c5traliz$ database1 includ+ p]sonnel 
photos1 f+]pr9ts1 & biometric data1 %\ld
 be creat$ & ma9ta9$ )9 ! ,unit$        
,nations ,dep>tm5t ( ,peacekeep+        
,op]ations1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,field        
,support1 & o!r relevant ,unit$ ,nations
 bodies )\t fur!r delay to track cases (
 misconduct1 includ+ ! outcome (        
inve/igations & subsequ5t prosecutions1 
to ensure t p]sonnel :o h engag$ 9      
misconduct or o!r crim9al activities1   
reg>dless ( category or rank1 are       
p]man5tly b>r$ f p>ticipation 9 future  
peacekeep+ op]ations4  7,i7  ,coop]ation
 ( memb] /ates  ,if a ,memb] ,/ate      
r\t9ely refuses to coop]ate ) !         
directives conta9$ h]e9 or acts to %ield

 its nationals f p]sonal liability1 t   
,memb] ,/ate %\ld be b>r$ f contribut+  
troops or p]sonnel to future peacekeep+ 
op]ations4  7,j7  ,welf>e  ,peacekeep+  
op]ations %\ld cont9ue to seek to ma9ta9
 a m9imum /&>d ( welf>e = mission       
p]sonnel to ameliorate conditions (     
s]vice1 :ile adju/m5ts are made to !    
discretion>y welf>e paym5ts curr5tly    
provid$ to ,memb] ,/ates t contribute   
troops to (fset ! co/ ( op]ation-provid$
 recreational facilities1 z necess>y &  
appropriate4  #ajjc4  ,c]tification  7a7
  ,no new or exp&$ peacekeep+ op]ations 
,until ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate c]tifies t ! 
requirem5ts describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 h 
be5 satisfi$1 ! ,presid5t %all direct ! 
,unit$ ,/ates ,p]man5t ,repres5tative to
 ! ,unit$ ,nations to use ! voice1 vote1
 & influ5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at !      
,unit$ ,nations to oppose ! creation (  
new1 or expansion ( exi/+1 ,unit$       
,nations peacekeep+ op]ations4  7b7     
,c]tification ( peacekeep+ op]ations    
re=ms  ,! c]tification ref]r$ to 9      

subsection 7a7 is a c]tification made by
 ! ,secret>y to ! appropriate           
congressional committees t ! foll[+     
re=ms1 or an equival5t set ( re=ms1     
relat$ to peacekeep+ op]ations h be5    
adopt$ by ! ,unit$ ,nations ,dep>tm5t ( 
,peacekeep+ ,op]ations or ! ,g5]al      
,assembly1 z appropriate3  7#a7 ,a s+le1
 uni=m ,code ( ,conduct t has ! /atus ( 
a b9d+ rule & applies equally to all    
p]sonnel s]v+ 9 ,unit$ ,nations         
peacekeep+ op]ations1 reg>dless (       
category or rank1 has be5 adopt$ by !   
,g5]al ,assembly & duly incorporat$ into
 all contracts & a ,model ,memor&um (   
,und]/&+1 & me*anisms h be5 e/abli%$ =  
tra9+ su* p]sonnel conc]n+ ! requirem5ts
 ( ! ,code & en=cem5t ( ! ,code4  7#b7  
,all p]sonnel1 reg>dless ( category or  
rank1 s]v+ 9 a peacekeep+ op]ation h be5
 tra9$ conc]n+ ! requirem5ts ( ! ,code (
 ,conduct & ea* has be5 giv5 a p]sonal  
copy ( ! ,code1 translat$ into !        
national language ( su* p]sonnel4  7#c7 
,all p]sonnel1 reg>dless ( category or  

rank1 are requir$ to sign an oa? t ea*  
has receiv$ a copy ( ! ,code ( ,conduct1
 t ea* pl$ges to abide by ! ,code1 & t  
ea* und]/&s ! consequ5ces ( violat+ !   
,code1 includ+ imm$iate t]m9ation (     
p>ticipation 9 & p]man5t exclusion f all
 curr5t & future peacekeep+ op]ations1 z
 well z ! assumption ( p]sonal liability
 = victims comp5sation z a condition ( !
 appo9tm5t to su* op]ation4  7#d7 ,all  
peacekeep+ op]ations h design$ &        
implem5t$ educational outrea* programs  
to rea* local communities :]e peacekeep+
 p]sonnel ( su* op]ations are bas$ to   
expla9 prohibit$ acts on ! "p ( ,unit$  
,nations peacekeep+ p]sonnel & to       
id5tify ! individual to :om ! local     
population may direct compla9ts or file 
allegations ( exploitation1 abuse1 or   
o!r acts ( misconduct4  7#e7 ,! creation
 ( a c5traliz$ database1 includ+        
p]sonnel photos1 f+]pr9ts1 & biometric  
data1 has be5 complet$ & is be+ ma9ta9$ 
9 ! ,unit$ ,nations ,dep>tm5t (         
,peacekeep+ ,op]ations t tracks cases ( 

misconduct1 includ+ ! outcomes (        
inve/igations & subsequ5t prosecutions1 
to ensure t p]sonnel1 reg>dless (       
category or rank1 :o h engag$ 9         
misconduct or o!r crim9al activities are
 p]man5tly b>r$ f p>ticipation 9 future 
peacekeep+ op]ations4  7#f7 ,a ,model   
,memor&um ( ,und]/&+ betwe5 ! ,unit$    
,nations & ea* ,memb] ,/ate t           
contributes troops to a peacekeep+      
op]ation has be5 adopt$ by ! ,unit$     
,nations ,dep>tm5t ( ,peacekeep+        
,op]ations t specifically obligates ea* 
su* ,memb] ,/ate to--  7,a7 uphold !    
uni=m ,code ( ,conduct :i* %all apply   
equally to all p]sonnel s]v+ 9 ,unit$   
,nations peacekeep+ op]ations1 reg>dless
 ( category or rank2  7,b7 designate a  
compet5t legal au?ority1 pref]ably a    
prosecutor ) exp]tise 9 ! area ( sexual 
exploitation & abuse :]e appropriate1 to
 p>ticipate 9 any inve/igation into an  
allegation ( misconduct br\ght aga9/ an 
individual ( su* ,memb] ,/ate2  7,c7    
ref] to its compet5t national or milit>y

 au?ority = possible prosecution1 if    
w>rant$1 any inve/igation ( a violation 
( ! ,code ( ,conduct or o!r crim9al     
activity by an individual ( su* ,memb]  
,/ate2  7,d7 report to ! ,dep>tm5t (    
,field ,support & ! ,dep>tm5t (         
,peacekeep+ ,op]ations on ! outcome (   
any su* inve/igation2  7,e7 und]take to 
conduct on-site c\rt m>tial proce$+s1   
:]e practical & appropriate1 relat+ to  
allegations ( misconduct alleg$ aga9/ an
 individual ( su* ,memb] ,/ate2 &  7,f7 
assume responsibility = ! provision (   
appropriate assi/ance to a victim (     
misconduct committ$ by an individual (  
su* ,memb] ,/ate4  7#g7 ,a pr(essional &
 indep5d5t inve/igative & audit function
 has be5 e/abli%$ )9 ! ,unit$ ,nations  
,dep>tm5t ( ,peacekeep+ ,op]ations & !  
,(fice ( ,int]nal ,ov]sight ,s]vices to 
monitor ,unit$ ,nations peacekeep+      
op]ations4