,i #aad? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,h4 ,r4 #cead ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,septemb] #af1 #bjae ,mr4 ,scott ( ,virg9ia 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,polis1 ,mr4 ,h9ojosa1 ,mr4 ,grijalva1 ,mr4 ,sablan1 ,mr4 ,takano1 ,ms4 ,cl>k ( ,massa*usetts1 ,ms4 ,adams1 ,ms4 ,judy ,*u ( ,cali=nia1 ,ms4 ,de,lauro1 ,ms4 ,edw>ds1 ,mr4 ,engel1 ,mr4 ,f>r1 ,mr4 ,gutirrez1 ,ms4 ,lee1 ,mr4 ,lewis1 ,mr4 ,nadl]1 ,mrs4 ,napolitano1 ,mr4 ,norcross1 ,ms4 ,norton1 ,mr4 ,pascrell1 ,mr4 ,ryan ( ,ohio1 ,ms4 ,s*ak[sky1 ,mr4 ,s]rano1 ,mrs4 ,watson ,coleman1 ,mrs4 ,davis ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,pocan1 ,mr4 ,de,saulnier1 ,mr4 ,blum5au]1 ,mr4 ,br5dan ,f4 ,boyle ( ,p5nsylvania1 ,mr4 ,brady ( ,p5nsylvania1 ,mr4 ,g5e ,gre5 ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,honda1 ,ms4 ,kaptur1 ,ms4 ,l9da ,t4 ,sn*ez ( ,cali=nia1 ,mr4 ,van ,holl51 ,ms4 ,bonamici1 ,mr4 ,jeffries1 & ,ms4 ,br[n ( ,florida7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,education & ! ,work=ce ,a ,,bill ,to am5d ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act to /r5g!n protections = employees wi%+ to advocate = improv$ wages1 h\rs1 or o!r t]ms or conditions ( employm5t & to provide = /rong] rem$ies = int]f]5ce ) ^! rights1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,workplace ,action = a ,gr[+ ,economy ,act or ! ,,wage ,act4 #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aea et seq47 0 enact$ to enc\rage ! practice ( collective b>ga9+ & to protect ! ex]cise by work]s ( full fre$om ( association 9 ! workplace4 ,s9ce its enactm5t 9 #aice1 t5s ( millions ( work]s h b>ga9$ ) _! employ]s ov] wages1 b5efits1 & o!r t]ms & conditions ( employm5t & h rais$ ! /&>d ( liv+ = all work]s4 7#b7 ,?r\gh act+ collectively & b>ga9+ ) _! employ]s1 work]s :o are unioniz$ e>n #ba4c p]c5t m ?an work]s :o are n cov]$ by a collective b>ga9+ agreem5t4 ,!y are #bh4d p]c5t m likely to be cov]$ by employ]-provid$ heal? insurance & #cj4i p]c5t m likely to h employ]-provid$ p5sions4 ,! wage diff]5tial is ev5 m pron\nc$ = wom5 & p ( color4 ,unioniz$ ,african-,am]ican work]s e>n #bd4f p]c5t m ?an ,african-,am]ican work]s :o are n unioniz$1 & unioniz$ ,lat9o work]s e>n #bi4c p]c5t m ?an _! pe]s :o are n unioniz$4 ,unioniz$ wom5 e>n #bd p]c5t m ?an wom5 :o are n unioniz$1 & ! wage gap betwe5 m5 & wom5 is mu* small] at unioniz$ workplaces4 ,! wage ga9s a*iev$ ?r\gh collective b>ga9+ b5efit work]s & _! communities4 7#c7 ,unions & collective b>ga9+ ensure t productivity ga9s are %>$ by work+ p4 ,! decl9e 9 ! p]c5tage ( work]s cov]$ by collective b>ga9+ has contribut$ significantly to skyrocket+ income inequality & flat wages4 7#d7 ,z enact$ 9 #aice1 ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aea et seq47 protects ! "r ( all work]s to jo9 toge!r ) _! co-work]s to advocate = improvem5ts 9 _! pay1 b5efits1 & work+ conditions1 reg>dless ( :e!r !y seek repres5tation by a union4 ,! law protects ! "r ( work]s to discuss issues l pay & b5efits )\t retaliation or int]f]5ce by employ]s4 ,h[ev]1 ! aw>5ess ( work]s reg>d+ _! rights "u ! law is lack+1 & _m employ]s ma9ta9 policies t re/rict ! ability ( work]s to discuss workplace issues ) ea* o!r1 directly contrav5+ ^! rights4 ,rese>* %[s t m ?an "o-half ( work]s report t _! employ]s h policies t prohibit or disc\rage work]s f discuss+ pay ) _! co-work]s4 ,^! policies & practices imp$e work]s f ex]cis+ _! rights "u ! law & impair _! fre$om ( association at "w4 7#e7 ,retaliation by employ]s aga9/ work]s :o ex]cise _! rights "u ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aea et seq47 p]si/s at tr\bl+ levels4 ,employ]s r\t9ely fire work]s = try+ to =m a union at _! workplace4 ,9 "o out ( #c organiz+ campaigns1 "o or m work]s are dis*>g$ = support+ jo9+ a union4 ,9 fiscal ye> #bjad1 ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,bo>d obta9$ re9/atem5t ord]s = #c1bdj work]s & obta9$ backpay aw>ds total+ #dc1hjj1jjj = work]s :o fac$ illegal retaliation = ex]cis+ _! rights4 ,discrim9ation = organiz+ hurts all work]s1 b m9orities 9 p>ticul>1 z m9orities are m likely ?an ,:ites to seek to organize & receive a l>g] wage premium f collective b>ga9+4 7#f7 ,! curr5t rem$ies are inadequate to det] employ]s f violat+ ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aea et seq474 ,! rem$ies & p5alties = violations ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aea et seq47 are f> weak] ?an = o!r labor & employm5t laws1 includ+ ! ,civil ,rights ,act ( #aifd 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #bjjj;a et seq474 ,unlike o!r major labor & employm5t laws1 !re are no civil p5alties = violations ( ! law4 ,work]s _c g to c\rt to pursue relief on _! own2 !y mu/ rely on ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,bo>d to prosecute _! case4 7#g7 ,9 ord] to make ! "r to collective b>ga9+ & fre$om ( association 9 ! workplace a reality = work]s1 ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aea et seq47 mu/ be /r5g!n$4 #c4 ,purposes ,! purposes ( ?is ,act are-- 7#a7 to /r5g!n protections = employees engag$ 9 collective action to improve _! wages1 h\rs1 & t]ms & conditions ( employm5t2 7#b7 to provide = /rong] rem$ies = employees :o face retaliation1 discrim9ation1 or o!r int]f]5ce ) ! legal "r ( ! employees to engage 9 collective action2 7#c7 to provide = p5alties aga9/ employ]s :o violate ! rights ( employees to engage 9 collective action1 9 ord] to act z a mean+ful det]r5t aga9/ violat+ ! law2 & 7#d7 to /reaml9e ! en=cem5t proc$ures ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,bo>d to provide = m timely & effective en=cem5t ( ! law4 #d4 ,/r5g!n+ rem$ies & en=cem5t = employees ex]cis+ _! rights at "w 7a7 ,backpay ,section #aj7;c7 ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #afj7;c77 is am5d$ by /rik+ ,& provid$ fur!r1 & ins]t+ 8,provid$ fur!r1 ,t if ! ,bo>d f9ds t an employ] has discrim9at$ aga9/ an employee 9 violation ( p>agraph 7#c7 or 7#d7 ( section #h7;a7 or has committ$ a violation ( section #h7;a7 t results 9 ! dis*>ge ( an employee or o!r s]i\s economic loss to an employee1 ! ,bo>d %all aw>d ! employee back pay & an additional am\nt z liquidat$ damages equal to #b times ! am\nt ( su* back pay1 )\t any r$uction 7includ+ any r$uction bas$ on ! employee's int]im e>n+s or failure to e>n int]im e>n+s73 ,provid$ fur!r1''4 7b7 ,civil p5alties ,section #ab ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #afb7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ ,sec4 #ab4 ,any p]son & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 #ab4 ,civil p5alties 7a7 ,violations = int]f]5ce ) ,bo>d ,any p]son 2 & 7#b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7b7 ,violations ( po/+ requirem5ts ,if ! ,bo>d1 or any ag5t or ag5cy designat$ by ! ,bo>d = su* purposes1 det]m9es t an employ] has willfully violat$ section #h7;h71 ! ,bo>d %all-- 7#a7 /ate ! f9d+s ( fact support+ su* det]m9ation2 7#b7 issue & cause to be s]v$ on su* employ] an ord] requir+ t su* employ] po/ ! notice describ$ 9 su* section & provide ! in=mation to new employees describ$ 9 su* section2 & 7#c7 impose a civil p5alty 9 an am\nt det]m9$ appropriate by ! ,bo>d1 except t 9 no case %all ! am\nt ( ! f9e exce$ #ejj = ea* su* violation4 7c7 ,violations caus+ s]i\s economic loss to employees 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,any employ] :o commits an unfair labor practice )9 ! mean+ ( p>agraph 7#c7 or 7#d7 ( section #h7;a7 or a violation ( section #h7;a7 t results 9 ! dis*>ge ( an employee or o!r s]i\s economic loss to an employee %all1 9 addition to any rem$y ord]$ by ! ,bo>d1 be subject to a civil p5alty4 ,su* p5alty %all be 9 an am\nt n to exce$ #ej1jjj = ea* violation1 except t ! ,bo>d %all d\ble ! am\nt ( su* p5alty1 to an am\nt n to exce$ #ajj1jjj1 9 any case :]e ! employ] has )9 ! prec$+ #e ye>s committ$ ano!r su* violation4 7#b7 ,consid]ations ,9 det]m9+ ! am\nt ( any civil p5alty "u ?is subsection1 ! ,bo>d %all consid]-- 7,a7 ! gravity ( ! unfair labor practice2 7,b7 ! impact ( ! unfair labor practice on ! *>g+ p>ty1 on o!r p]sons seek+ to ex]cise rights gu>ante$ by ?is ,act1 & on ! public int]e/2 & 7,c7 ! size ( ! employ]4 7#c7 ,p]sonal liability ,if ! ,bo>d det]m9es1 bas$ on ! p>ticul> facts & circum/ances pres5t$1 t p]sonal liability is w>rant$1 a civil p5alty = a violation describ$ 9 ?is subsection may also be assess$ aga9/ any (fic] or director ( ! employ] :o committ$ ! violation or _h ! au?ority to prev5t ! violation4 7d7 ,jo9t & sev]al liability ,an employ] %all be jo9tly & sev]ally liable "u ?is ,act = any violations ( ?is ,act involv+ "o or m employees suppli$ by ano!r employ] to p]=m labor )9 ! employ]'s usual c\rse ( bus9ess1 except = purposes ( subsection 7e74 4 7c7 ,injunctions aga9/ unfair labor practices involv+ dis*>ge or o!r s]i\s economic loss 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #aj7l7 ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #afj7l77 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by ins]t+ aft] *>g$ t ! foll[+3 an employ] has engag$ 9 an unfair labor practice )9 ! mean+ ( section #h7;a7 t significantly int]f]es )1 re/ra9s1 or co]ces employees 9 ! ex]cise ( ! rights gu>ante$ "u section #g & involves dis*>ge or o!r s]i\s economic h>m to an employee or2 & 7,b7 by /rik+ z x deems j & prop]1 not)/&+ any o!r provision ( law3 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 to protect ! rights gu>ante$ by section #g1 not)/&+ any o!r provision ( law4 ,! di/rict c\rt %all grant ! relief reque/$ unless ! c\rt concludes t !re is no reasonable likelihood t ! ,bo>d w succe$ on ! m]its ( ! ,bo>d's claim34 7#b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5t ,section #aj7m7 ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #afj7m77 is am5d$ by ins]t+ "u circum/ances n subject to subsection 7l7 aft] section #h4 7d7 ,private en=cem5t ,section #ab ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #afb71 z am5d$ by subsection 7b71 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7e7 ,"r to civil action 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,any p]son :o is injur$ by reason ( any violation ( p>agraph 7#a7 or 7#c7 ( section #h7;a7 may1 9 addition to or 9 lieu ( fil+ a *>ge alleg+ su* unfair labor practice ) ! ,bo>d 9 accordance ) ?is ,act1 br+ a civil action 9 ! appropriate di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates aga9/ ! employ] )9 #ahj days ( ! violation4 7#b7 ,available relief ,relief grant$ 9 an action "u p>agraph 7#a7 may include any relief au?oriz$ by section #gjf7;g7 ( ! ,civil ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #bjjj;e-#e7;g77 or by section #aigg;,a7b7 ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aiha;a7b774 7#c7 ,attorney's fee ,9 any action or proce$+ "u ?is subsection1 ! c\rt may all[ ! prevail+ p>ty a reasonable attorney's fee 7includ+ exp]t fees7 z "p ( ! co/s4 4 7e7 ,ensur+ fair rem$ies = all work]s ,section #aj7;c7 ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #afj7;c77 is am5d$ by /rik+ suff]$ by him3 & ins]t+ suff]$ by su* employee3 ,provid$ fur!r1 ,t back pay %all n be d5i$ on ! basis t ! employee is1 or 0 dur+ ! "t ( relevant employm5t or dur+ ! back pay p]iod1 an unau?oriz$ ali5 z def9$ 9 section #bgd;,a7h77#c7 ( ! ,immigration & ,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #acbd;a7h77#c77 or any o!r provision ( ,f$]al law relat+ to ! unlawful employm5t ( ali5s34 7f7 ,rem$y+ election int]f]5ce ,section #i7;c7 ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aei7;c77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by r$esignat+ p>agraphs 7#d7 & 7#e7 z p>agraphs 7#f7 & 7#g71 respectively2 & 7#b7 by ins]t+ aft] p>agraph 7#c7 ! foll[+3 7#d7 ,b>ga9+ ord] bas$ on majority ( votes ,if ! ,bo>d f9ds t1 9 an election "u p>agraph 7#a71 a majority ( ! valid votes ca/ 9 a unit appropriate = purposes ( collective b>ga9+ h be5 ca/ 9 favor ( repres5tation by ! labor organization1 ! ,bo>d %all issue an ord] requir+ ! employ] to collectively b>ga9 ) ! labor organization 9 accordance ) section #h7;d74 7#e7 ,dismissal2 b>ga9+ ord]s 9 o!r situations 7,a7 ,dismissal ,if ! ,bo>d f9ds t1 9 an election "u p>agraph 7#a71 a majority ( ! valid votes ca/ 9 a unit appropriate = purposes ( collective b>ga9+ h n be5 ca/ 9 favor ( repres5tation by ! labor organization1 ! ,bo>d %all dismiss ! petition1 subject to subp>agraphs 7,b7 & 7,c74 7,b7 ,special rules = employ] violations or int]f]5ce ,9 any case :]e a majority ( ! valid votes ca/ 9 a unit appropriate = purposes ( collective b>ga9+ h n be5 ca/ 9 favor ( repres5tation by ! labor organization & ! ,bo>d det]m9es t ! election %\ld be set aside because ! employ] has committ$ a violation ( ?is ,act1 or o!rwise int]f]$ ) a fair election1 & has n demon/rat$ t ! violation or o!r int]f]5ce is unlikely to h affect$ ! outcome ( ! election1 ! ,bo>d %all1 )\t ord]+ a new or r]un election1 issue an ord] requir+ ! employ] to b>ga9 ) ! labor organization 9 accordance ) section #h7;d7 if1 at any "t dur+ ! p]iod beg9n+ #a ye> prec$+ ! date ( ! comm5cem5t ( ! election & end+ on ! date ^u :i* ! ,bo>d makes ! det]m9ation ( a violation or o!r int]f]5ce "u subp>agraph 7,a71 a majority ( ! employees 9 ! b>ga9+ unit h sign$ au?orizations designat+ ! labor organization z _! collective b>ga9+ repres5tative4 7,c7 ,o!r election int]f]5ce ,9 any case :]e ! ,bo>d det]m9es t an election "u ?is p>agraph %\ld be set aside1 ! ,bo>d %all direct a r]un election ) appropriate additional safegu>ds necess>y to ensure a fair election process1 except 9 cases :]e ! ,bo>d issues a b>ga9+ ord] "u subp>agraph 7,b74 4 #e4 ,mod]nization 7a7 ,prev5tion ( unfair labor practices ,section #h ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aeh7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 7h7 ,po/+s ( notice 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,bo>d %all promulgate regulations requir+ ea* employ] to po/ & ma9ta91 9 conspicu\s places :]e notices to employees & applicants = employm5t are cu/om>ily po/$ bo? physically & electronically1 a notice sett+ =? ! rights & protections af=d$ employees "u ?is ,act4 ,! ,bo>d %all provide to employ]s ! =m & text ( su* notice4 7#b7 ,notification ( new employees ,! ,bo>d %all promulgate regulations requir+ employ]s to notify ea* new employee ( ! in=mation conta9$ 9 ! notice describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a74 4 7b7 ,en=c+ compliance ) ord]s ( ! ,bo>d 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #aj ( ! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #afj7 is am5d$-- 7,a7 by /rik+ subsection 7e72 7,b7 by r$esignat+ subsection 7d7 z subsection 7e72 & 7,c7 by ins]t+ aft] subsection 7c7 ! foll[+3 7d7 ,en=c+ compliance ) ord]s ( ! ,bo>d 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* ord] ( ! ,bo>d %all take effect #cj days f ! date ^u :i* notice ( ! ord] is giv51 unless o!rwise direct$ by ! ,bo>d4 ,ea* su* ord]s %all cont9ue 9 =ce indef9itely or = ! p]iod ( "t specifi$ 9 ! ord]1 or until ! ,bo>d or a c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction issues a sup]s$+ ord]4 7#b7 ,application ( ! ,bo>d ,if any p]son or entity fails or neglects to obey any ord] ( ! ,bo>d :ile su* ord] is 9 effect1 ! ,bo>d %all apply to ! di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 :i* ! unfair labor practice or o!r subject ( ! ord] occurr$1 or 9 :i* su* p]son or entity resides or transacts bus9ess1 = ! en=cem5t ( su* ord]4 ,! ,bo>d %all file 9 ! c\rt ! record 9 ! proce$+s1 z provid$ 9 section #baab ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 ,any p]son t 0 a p>ty to ! und]ly+ ,bo>d proce$+ may jo9 9 ! proce$+ initiat$ by ! ,bo>d4 7#c7 ,proc$ure ,if1 aft] hav+ provid$ a p]son or entity ) notice & an opportunity to be he>d reg>d+ a reque/ "u p>agraph 7#b7 = ! en=cem5t ( an ord]1 ! c\rt det]m9es t ! ord] 0 regul>ly made & duly s]v$1 & t ! p]son or entity is 9 disob$i5ce ( ! same1 ! c\rt %all en=ce ob$i5ce to su* ord] by a writ ( injunction or o!r prop] process1 m&atory or o!rwise1 to-- 7,a7 re/ra9 su* p]son or entity or ! (fic]s1 ag5ts1 or repres5tatives ( su* p]son or entity1 f fur!r disob$i5ce ( su* ord]2 or 7,b7 enjo9 ^u su* p]son or entity1 (fic]s1 ag5ts1 or repres5tatives ob$i5ce to ! same4 7#d7 ,violations ( ord]s by ! ,bo>d ,any p]son or entity :o willfully & kn[+ly violates any rule1 regulation1 re/riction1 condition1 or ord] made or impos$ by ! ,bo>d "u au?ority ( ?is ,act %all1 9 addition to any o!r p5alties provid$ by law1 be subject to a civil p5alty ( n to exce$ #aj1jjj = ea* & e day dur+ :i* su* violation occurs1 comm5c+ ) ! effective date ( any su* rule1 regulation1 re/riction1 condition1 or ord]4 ,su* civil p5alty may be impos$ by ! ,bo>d or by a c\rt 9 a proce$+ initiat$ by ! ,bo>d "u ?is subsection4 4 7#b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5ts ,! ,national ,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aea et seq47 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9 section #i7;d71 by /rik+ section #aj7;e7 or #aj7;f7 & ins]t+ subsection 7d7 or 7f7 ( section #aj2 & 7,b7 9 section #aj-- 7i7 9 subsection 7f71 by /rik+ subsection 7e7 ( ?is section & ins]t+ subsection 7d72 & 7ii7 9 subsection 7g71 by /rik+ subsection 7e7 or 7f7 ( ?is section & ins]t+ subsection 7d7 or 7f74