,i  #aad? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #bdid  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,may #ba1 #bjae ,mr4  
,royce 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,engel1 ,mr4    
,poe ( ,texas1 ,mr4 ,keat+1 ,mr4 ,smi? (
 ,new ,j]sey1 ,ms4 ,bass1 ,mr4 ,cr5%aw1 
,ms4 ,mc,collum1 & ,mr4 ,cuell>7        
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to
 ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs1 & 9   
addition to ! ,committees on ! ,judici>y
 & ,natural ,res\rces1 = a p]iod to be  
subsequ5tly det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* 
case = consid]ation ( su* provisions z  
fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! committee    
conc]n$  ,a ,,bill  ,to support global  
anti-poa*+ ef=ts1 /r5g!n ! capacity (   
p>tn] c\ntries to c\nt] wildlife        
traffick+1 designate major wildlife     
traffick+ c\ntries1 & = o!r purposes4   
#a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z 
! ,global ,anti-,poa*+ ,act4  #b4 ,f9d+s
 ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,poa*+ &
 ! illicit trade 9 endang]$ & ?reat5$   
wildlife are among ! mo/ lucrative      
crim9al activities worldwide1 wor? an   

e/imat$ #g to #aj billion annually4     
7#b7 ,poa*+ & wildlife traffick+ h      
escalat$ 9 scale1 sophi/ication &       
viol5ce1 risk+ ! pot5tial ext9ction ( "s
 ( ! _w's mo/ iconic species4  7#c7     
,wildlife poa*+ & traffick+ ?reat5      
elephants1 rh9oc]os1 & tig]s greatly1 b 
also h deva/at+ impact on a numb] ( o!r 
species1 includ+ %>ks1 great apes1 &    
turtles4  7#d7 ,rese>*]s cons]vatively  
e/imate t "s #bb1jjj ,african elephants 
7 poa*$ 9 #bjab alone1 leav+ ! curr5t   
population ( elephants ar\nd #djj1jjj1  
d[n f approximately #a4c million 9      
#aigi4  7#e7 ,an av]age ( #ad rh9os 7   
kill$ annually by poa*]s 9 ,s\? ,africa 
betwe5 #aiij & #bjje1 b m ?an #a1bjj    
rh9os 7 poa*$ 9 ,s\? ,africa alone 9    
#bjad4  7#f7 ,few] ?an #c1bjj tig]s     
rema9 9 ! wild & ^! rema9+ wild tig]s   
are "u heavy ?reat ( poa*+ = _! sk9s1   
bones & o!r body p>ts4  7#g7 ,! high    
dem& = r>e wildlife products has driv5  
prices to hi/orically high levels4  7#h7
 ,mu* ( ! dem& = wildlife products comes

 f ,asia & is fuel$ by ! p]ceiv$ m$ic9al
 value & social /atus associat$ ) ^!    
products4  7#i7 ,report+ indicates t a  
numb] ( rebel gr\ps & t]rori/           
organizations1 includ+ ,sudan's         
,janjawe$ militia1 ! ,"l's ,resi/ance   
,army1 ! ,seleka rebel movem5t 9 !      
,c5tral ,african ,republic1 & ,somalia's
 al-,%abaab1 ei!r p>ticipate 9 or draw  
fund+ f illicit wildlife traffick+      
networks4  7#aj7 ,analyses sugge/ ! high
 dem& = illegal wildlife products1      
comb9$ ) weak law en=cem5t & security   
measures & corruption & gov]nance       
failures1 has l$ to ! increas$          
involvem5t ( transnational organiz$     
crime 9 wildlife traffick+4  7#aa7 ,!   
,unit$ ,nations ,security ,c\ncil has   
au?oriz$ multilat]al sanctions aga9/    
individuals & entities support+ arm$    
gr\ps ?r\gh ! illicit trade 9 wildlife1 
9 addition to o!r natural res\rces1 9 ! 
,democratic ,republic ( ,congo & !      
,c5tral ,african ,republic4  7#ab7 ,a   
,national ,intellig5ce ,c\ncil analysis 

( wildlife poa*+ ?reats f\nd t c]ta9    
,african gov]nm5t (ficials facilitat$ ! 
movem5t ( wildlife products1 & t ^!     
gov]nm5ts' ability to r$uce poa*+ &     
traffick+ 0 h9d]$ by corruption & weak  
rule ( law4  7#ac7 ,on ,novemb] #ac1    
#bjac1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate ann\nc$ !    
fir/ rew>d "u ! ,transnational ,organiz$
 ,crime ,rew>ds ,program = in=mation    
lead+ to ! dismantl+ ( ! ,xaysavang     
,network1 a l>ge wildlife traffick+     
syndicate t is bas$ 9 ,laos & spans     
,africa & ,asia4  7#ad7 ,on ,july #a1   
#bjac1 ! ,presid5t issu$ ,executive     
,ord] #acfdh on combat+ wildlife        
traffick+1 e/abli%+ a ,presid5tial ,task
 ,=ce :i* 0 responsible = produc+ a     
national /rategy to combat wildlife     
traffick+4  7#ae7 ,on ,febru>y #ac1     
#bjad1 m ?an #dj c\ntries1 includ+ !    
,unit$ ,/ates1 ,european ,union1 &      
c\ntries f ,africa1 ,asia1 ! ,middle    
,ea/1 & ,lat9 ,am]ica1 p>ticipat$ 9 !   
,london ,conf]5ce on ! ,illegal         
,wildlife ,trade & committ$ to a        

decl>ation :i* recogniz$ ! significant  
scale & detrim5tal economic1 social &   
environm5tal consequ5ces ( ! illegal    
trade 9 wildlife4  #c4 ,expansion (     
wildlife en=cem5t networks  7a7 ,f9d+s  
,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,wildlife 
en=cem5t networks are gov]nm5t-l$1      
regionally-focus$ me*anisms t increase  
capacity & coord9ation ef=ts betwe5 law 
en=cem5t1 environm5tal ag5cies1 & o!r   
entities focus$ on c\nt]+ wildlife      
traffick+ ( memb] c\ntries4  7#b7       
,curr5tly !re are active wildlife       
en=cem5t networks 9 ,s\!a/ ,asia1 ,s\?  
,asia1 & ,c5tral ,am]ica4 ,! m mature   
wildlife en=cem5t networks1 su* z !     
,s\!a/ ,asia wildlife en=cem5t network1 
h prov5 effective 9 dismantl+           
transnational wildlife traffick+        
networks & br++ to ju/ice ^? individuals
 involv$ 9 ! illegal trade ( endang]$ & 
?reat5$ species4  7#c7 ,ef=ts are       
und]way to e/abli% additional wildlife  
en=cem5t networks 9 ,c5tral ,africa1 !  
,horn ( ,africa1 ,s\? ,am]ica1 & ,c5tral

 & ,we/ ,asia1 among o!r regions4  7b7  
,/atem5t ( policy ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 
! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ag5cy 
= ,int]national ,developm5t1 ! ,director
 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,fi% & ,wildlife     
,s]vice1 & heads ( o!r appropriate      
ag5cies %\ld1 9 an ef=t to address      
regional ?reats to biodiv]sity &        
cons]vation1 support /r5g!n+ exi/+      
wildlife en=cem5t networks & !          
e/abli%m5t ( new networks 9 o!r         
appropriate regions4  7c7 ,s5se (       
,congress ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t 9 !
 process ( /r5g!n+ & exp&+ wildlife     
en=cem5t networks1 ! appropriate ag5cies
 %\ld--  7#a7 assess ! exi/+ capacity ( 
wildlife en=cem5t network memb] c\ntries
 to ga!r basel9e data t may be us$ =    
develop+ program activities = ! wildlife
 en=cem5t network2  7#b7 e/abli% a      
c5tral secret>iat )9 ea* wildlife       
en=cem5t network t w coord9ate !        
op]ational me*anisms ( ea* su* network2 
7#c7 e/abli% a focal me*anism 9 ea*     
memb] c\ntry ( a wildlife en=cem5t      

network1 t includes repres5tatives f    
environm5tal & wildlife protection      
ag5cies1 law en=cem5t ag5cies1 f9ancial 
intellig5ce units1 cu/oms & bord]       
protection ag5cies1 & ! judici>y sy/em1 
t w s]ve z a conduit to ! l>g] wildlife 
en=cem5t network & ! c5tral secret>iat2 
7#d7 /r5g!n coop]ation & ! capacity (   
law en=cem5t ag5cies ( ! wildlife       
en=cem5t network2  7#e7 facilitate ! %>+
 ( intellig5ce & relevant case in=mation
 )9 ! ag5cies ( a wildlife en=cem5t     
network2  7#f7 support ! coop]ation &   
coord9ation betwe5 diff]5t regional     
wildlife en=cem5t networks2  7#g7       
incorporate & utilize exp]tise f        
int]national bodies & civil society     
organizations t h appropriate subject   
matt] exp]tise2 &  7#h7 ev5tually create
 an in/itutionaliz$1 su/a9able1 &       
self-suffici5t plat=m4  #d4 ,support+ ! 
pr(essionalization ( ! wildlife law     
en=cem5t sector ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 ! 
,adm9i/rator ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ag5cy = 
,int]national ,developm5t1 ! ,director (

 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,fi% & ,wildlife       
,s]vice1 & heads ( o!r appropriate      
ag5cies1 includ+ ! ,national ,p>k       
,s]vice & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,=e/ ,s]vice1 
%\ld1 9 an ef=t to address local &      
regional ?reats to biodiv]sity &        
cons]vation & support ! rule ( law &    
good gov]nance1 promote !               
pr(essionalization ( ! wildlife law     
en=cem5t sector & pr(essional rang]     
tra9+ 9 p>tn] c\ntries ?r\gh support &  
te*nical assi/ance = ! foll[+3  7#a7 ,! 
creation & adoption ( /&>ds =           
pr(essional rang] tra9+ &               
qualifications1 includ+ 9 relevant      
int]national =a & multilat]al agreem5ts4
  7#b7 ,tra9+ & accr$itation sy/ems bas$
 on ! /&>ds describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 t  
produce pr(essionally tra9$ & qualifi$  
rang]s & promote ! ov]all               
pr(essionalization ( rang] =ces1 :e!r   
?r\gh exi/+ ,unit$ ,/ates in/itutions1  
su* z ,int]national ,law ,en=cem5t      
,academies1 or ?r\gh p>tn]%ips )        
national or regional tra9+ in/itutions4 

7#c7 ,legal re=ms1 :]e necess>y1 to     
provide rang]s ) au?ority to deta9 &    
arre/ suspects1 process crime sc5es1    
pres5t evid5ce 9 c\rt1 & def5d !mselves 
9 life ?reat5+ situations4  7#d7 ,!     
developm5t & in/itutionalization ( rew>d
 & promotion sy/ems = rang]s bas$ on    
p]=mance & set compet5cies4  7#e7 ,!    
developm5t & in/itutionalization (      
national sy/ems to provide insurance to 
rang]s & _! families & comp5sation = ^? 
rang]s kill$ 9 ! l9e ( duty4  7#f7      
,coop]ation & coord9ation betwe5 local  
law en=cem5t task$ ) wildlife or p>k    
protection & def5se =ces1 :]e           
appropriate1 includ+ tra9+              
opportunities1 logi/ical support1 or    
provision ( equipm5t4  #e4 ,designation 
( major wildlife traffick+ c\ntries &   
au?ority to )hold c]ta9 assi/ance  7a7  
,report ,n lat] ?an ,septemb] #ae ( ea* 
ye>1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 9 consultation
 ) ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior & !         
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 %all submit to    
,congress a report t li/s ea* =eign     

c\ntry det]m9$ to be a major s\rce (    
wildlife traffick+ products or _!       
d]ivatives1 a major transit po9t (      
wildlife traffick+ products or _!       
d]ivatives1 or a major consum] (        
wildlife traffick+ products or _!       
d]ivatives4  7b7 ,special designation ,9
 ea* report requir$ "u subsection 7a71 !
 ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 9 consultation ) !  
,secret>y ( ,int]ior & ! ,secret>y (    
,comm]ce1 %all--  7#a7 designate ea*    
c\ntry li/$ 9 ! report t has fail$      
demon/rably1 dur+ ! previ\s #ab-mon?    
p]iod1 to make sub/antial ef=ts to adh]e
 to its obligations "u int]national     
agreem5ts relat+ to endang]$ or ?reat5$ 
species2 &  7#b7 include a %ort         
ju/ification = ea* det]m9ation made "u  
p>agraph 7#a74  7c7 ,)hold+ ( assi/ance 
,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate may )hold assi/ance
 describ$ 9 subsection 7d7 ) respect to 
ea* =eign c\ntry t is specially         
designat$ "u subsection 7b74  7d7       
,assi/ance describ$ ,! assi/ance        
describ$ 9 ?is subsection are sections  

#eaf1 #ebd1 & #eda ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance
 ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bcba;j1   
#bcdd1 or #bcdg71 *apt] #f ( "p ,,ii ( !
 ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb    
,u4,s4,c4 #bcdh et seq471 & section #bc 
( ! ,arms ,export ,control ,act 7#bb    
,u4,s4,c4 #bgfc74  7e7 ,notification ,! 
,secret>y ( ,/ate %all notify-- 7#a7 !  
gov]nm5t ( ea* =eign c\ntry t is li/$ 9 
! report requir$ "u subsection 7a7 t !  
c\ntry has be5 s li/$2 &  7#b7 !        
gov]nm5t ( ea* =eign c\ntry t is        
specially designat$ "u subsection 7b7 & 
is subject to ! )hold+ ( assi/ance      
describ$ 9 subsection 7c74  #f4         
,au?ority to provide security assi/ance 
to c\nt] wildlife traffick+ & poa*+ 9   
,africa  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,presid5t is   
au?oriz$ to provide def5se articles1    
def5se s]vices1 & relat$ tra9+ to       
security =ces ( c\ntries ( ,africa = !  
purpose ( c\nt]+ wildlife traffick+ &   
poa*+4  7b7 ,types ( assi/ance          
,assi/ance provid$ "u subsection 7a7 may
 include intellig5ce & surveillance     

assets1 communications & electronic     
equipm5t1 mobility assets1 night vision 
& !rmal imag+ devices1 & organizational 
clo?+ & individual equipm5t1 pursuant to
 ! applicable provisions ( ! ,arms      
,export ,control ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4    
#bgea et seq471 ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act
 ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baea et seq471 
& o!r relevant provisions ( law4  7c7   
,special rule ,assi/ance provid$ "u     
subsection 7a7 %all be 9 addition to any
 o!r assi/ance provid$ to ! c\ntries    
ref]r$ to 9 su* subsection "u any o!r   
provision ( law4  7d7 ,prohibition on   
assi/ance  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,no assi/ance  
may be provid$ "u subsection 7a7 to a   
unit ( a security =ce ( a c\ntry (      
,africa if ! ,presid5t det]m9es t ! unit
 has be5 f\nd to engage 9 wildlife      
traffick+ or poa*+4  7#b7 ,exception ,! 
prohibition 9 p>agraph 7#a7 %all n apply
 ) respect to a unit ( a security =ce ( 
a c\ntry ( ,africa if ! ,presid5t       
det]m9es t ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry is tak+
 effective /eps to hold ! unit          

acc\ntable & prev5t ! unit f engag+ 9   
traffick+ & poa*+4  7e7 ,def9itions ,9  
?is section3 7#a7 ,def5se article1      
def5se s]vice1 & tra9+ ,! t]ms def5se   
article1 def5se s]vice1 & tra9+ h !     
mean+s giv5 su* t]ms 9 section #dg ( !  
,arms ,export ,control ,act 7#bb        
,u4,s4,c4 #bgid note74  7#b7 ,security  
=ce ,! t]m security =ce means a milit>y1
 law en=cem5t1 g5d>m]ie1 p>k rang]1 or  
any o!r security =ce ) responsibility = 
protect+ wildlife & natural habitats4   
#g4 ,updates to ! ,fi%]m5's ,protective 
,act ( #aifg ,section #h ( ! ,fi%]m5's  
,protective ,act ( #aifg 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 
#aigh7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection     
7a7--  7,a7 9 p>agraph 7#a71 by ins]t+ 1
 9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1  
aft] ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce2  7,b7 9      
p>agraph 7#b71 by ins]t+ 1 9            
consultation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 be=e
 f9ds2  7,c7 9 p>agraph 7#c71 by ins]t+ 
9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1   
aft] 1 z appropriate12 &  7,d7 by       
r$esignat+ p>agraph 7#d7 z p>agraph     

7#e71 & by ins]t+ aft] p>agraph 7#c7 !  
foll[+3  7#d7 ,! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce & 
! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all ea* report
 to ! ,congress ea* c]tification to !   
,presid5t made by su* ,secret>y "u ?is  
subsection1 )9 #ae days aft] mak+ su*   
c]tification4  2 &  7#b7 9 subsection   
7d71 by ins]t+ 9 consultation ) !       
,secret>y ( ,/ate1 aft] z ! case may    
be14  #h4 ,wildlife traffick+ violations
 z pr$icate (f5ses "u rackete]+ & money 
laund]+ /atutes  7a7 ,travel ,act       
,section #aieb ( title #ah1 ,unit$      
,/ates ,code1 is am5d$--  7#a7 9        
subsection 7b7-- 7,a7 by /rik+ or 7#c7 &
 ins]t+ 7#c72 &  7,b7 by /rik+ ( ?is    
title & 7ii7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 ( ?is   
title1 or 7#d7 any act t is a crim9al   
violation ( section #i7;a77#a7 ( !      
,endang]$ ,species ,act ( #aigc 7#af    
,u4,s4,c4 #aech7;a77#a771 section #bbjc 
( ! ,african ,elephant ,cons]vation ,act
 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #dbbc71 or section      
#g7;a7 ( ! ,rh9oc]os & ,tig]            
,cons]vation ,act ( #aiid 7#af ,u4,s4,c4

 #ecje;a7a771 if ! endang]$ or ?reat5$  
species1 products1 items1 or sub/ances  
involv$ 9 ! violation & relevant        
conduct1 z applicable1 h a total value (
 m ?an #aj1jjj & 7ii72 &  7#b7 by add+  
at ! end ! foll[+3  7f7 ,use ( am\nts f 
f9es1 =feitures1 & re/itution relat+ to 
wildlife traffick+ violations ,any      
am\nts receiv$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates z     
f9es1 =feitures ( prop]ty or assets1 or 
re/itution to ! ,gov]nm5t = any         
violation "u ?is section t involves an  
unlawful activity describ$ 9 subsection 
7b77i77#d7 %all be transf]r$ by !       
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury1 to ! ext5t     
practicable1 to ! ,mult9ational ,species
 ,cons]vation ,fund & us$ = ! b5efit ( !
 species impact$ by ! applicable        
violation4  4  7b7 ,money laund]+       
,section #aief ( title #ah1 ,unit$      
,/ates ,code1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9         
subsection 7c77#g7--  7,a7 9 subp>agraph
 7,e71 by /rik+ or at ! end2  7,b7 9    
subp>agraph 7,f71 by add+ or at ! end2 &
  7,c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,g7 

any act or acts con/itut+ a crim9al     
violation ( section #i7;a77#a7 ( !      
,endang]$ ,species ,act ( #aigc 7#af    
,u4,s4,c4 #aech7;a77#a771 section #bbjc 
( ! ,african ,elephant ,cons]vation ,act
 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #dbbc71 or section      
#g7;a7 ( ! ,rh9oc]os & ,tig]            
,cons]vation ,act ( #aiid 7#af ,u4,s4,c4
 #ecje;a7a771 if ! endang]$ or ?reat5$  
species1 products1 items1 or sub/ances  
involv$ 9 ! violation & relevant        
conduct1 z applicable1 h a total value (
 m ?an #aj1jjj2  2 &  7#b7 by add+ at ! 
end ! foll[+3  7j7 ,use ( am\nts f civil
 p5alties1 f9es1 =feitures1 & re/itution
 relat+ to wildlife traffick+ violations
 ,any am\nts receiv$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
z f9es1 =feitures ( prop]ty or assets1  
or re/itution to ! ,gov]nm5t = any      
violation "u ?is section t involves an  
unlawful activity describ$ 9 subsection 
7c77#g77;,g7 %all be transf]r$ by !     
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury1 to ! ext5t     
practicable1 to ! ,mult9ational ,species
 ,cons]vation ,fund & us$ = ! b5efit ( !

 species impact$ by ! applicable        
violation4  4  7c7 ,,rico ,*apt] #if (  
title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is      
am5d$-- 7#a7 9 section #aifa7a7--  7,a7 
by /rik+ or 7,g7 & ins]t+ 7,g72 &  7,b7 
by ins]t+ be=e ! semicolon at ! end !   
foll[+3 1 or 7,h7 any act con/itut+ a   
crim9al violation ( section #i7;a77#a7 (
 ! ,endang]$ ,species ,act ( #aigc 7#af 
,u4,s4,c4 #aech7;a77#a771 section #bbjc 
( ! ,african ,elephant ,cons]vation ,act
 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #dbbc71 or section      
#g7;a7 ( ! ,rh9oc]os & ,tig]            
,cons]vation ,act ( #aiid 7#af ,u4,s4,c4
 #ecje;a7a771 if ! endang]$ or ?reat5$  
species1 products1 items1 or sub/ances  
involv$ 9 ! violation & relevant        
conduct1 z applicable1 h a total value (
 m ?an #aj1jjj2 &  7#b7 9 section #aifc1
 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7n7 ,use ( 
am\nts f f9es1 =feitures1 & re/itution  
relat+ to wildlife traffick+ violations 
,any am\nts receiv$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates z
 f9es1 =feitures ( prop]ty or assets1 or
 re/itution to ! ,gov]nm5t = any        

violation "u section #aifb t is bas$ on 
rackete]+ activity describ$ 9 section   
#aifa7a77;,h7 %all be transf]r$ by !    
,secret>y ( ! ,treasury1 to ! ext5t     
practicable1 to ! ,mult9ational ,species
 ,cons]vation ,fund & us$ = ! b5efit ( !
 species impact$ by ! applicable        
violation4  4  7d7 ,te*nical & con=m+   
am5dm5ts  7#a7 ,use ( am\nts f f9es     
,section #adjb7;b77#a77;,a7 ( ! ,victims
 ( ,crime ,act ( #aihd 7#db ,u4,s4,c4   
#ajfja7;b77#a77;,a77 is am5d$-- 7,a7 9  
clause 7i71 by /rik+ & at ! end2 &  7,b7
 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7iii7      
sections #aieb7;e71 #aief7;j71 &        
#aifc7n7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates     
,code2 &  4  7#b7 ,use ( am\nts f       
=feitures ,section #ebd7;c77#d77;,a7 (  
title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$
 by ins]t+ be=e or ! ,po/ma/] ,g5]al !  
foll[+3 "u section #aieb7;f71 #aief7;j71
 or #aifc7n7 ( title #ah14